{ "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011", "place": { "id": "1174872", "slug": "karachi", "name": "Karachi", "region": "Sindh, Pakistan", "country": "PK", "lat": 24.8608, "lon": 67.0104, "elevation_m": 8, "tz": "Asia/Karachi" }, "year": 2011, "tradition": "smarta", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "rulings": [ { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-01-01", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-01-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11992, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-01-01T14:33:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-01T09:33:58Z", "ms": 1293874437787.863 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-02T13:57:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-02T08:57:57Z", "ms": 1293958676774.615 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-01-01T14:33:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-01T09:33:58Z", "ms": 1293874437787.863 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-02T13:57:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-02T08:57:57Z", "ms": 1293958676774.615 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-01-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-01T17:53:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-01T12:53:50Z", "ms": 1293886429661.9226 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-01T19:40:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-01T14:40:56Z", "ms": 1293892856054.096 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-01-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-02T17:54:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-02T12:54:29Z", "ms": 1293972869254.4583 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-02T19:41:33+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-02T14:41:33Z", "ms": 1293979292525.6992 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:34 on Sat 1 Jan to 13:58 on Sun 2 Jan.", "fact": "2011-01-01T09:33:58Z → 2011-01-02T08:57:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:54–19:41 on the 1st, 17:54–19:42 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 107 of 107 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 107 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11992 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 1 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Saturday 1 January. Trayodaśī runs from 14:34 on Sat 1 Jan to 13:58 on Sun 2 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-01-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-01-02", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-01-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36840, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-01-02T13:57:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-02T08:57:57Z", "ms": 1293958676774.615 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-03T13:46:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-03T08:46:43Z", "ms": 1294044402541.6394 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-01-02T13:57:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-02T08:57:57Z", "ms": 1293958676774.615 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-03T13:46:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-03T08:46:43Z", "ms": 1294044402541.6394 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-01-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-03T00:11:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-02T19:11:57Z", "ms": 1293995516521.6118 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-03T00:59:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-02T19:59:57Z", "ms": 1293998396521.6118 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-01-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-04T00:12:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-03T19:12:24Z", "ms": 1294081944065.1575 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-04T01:00:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-03T20:00:24Z", "ms": 1294084824065.1575 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:58 on Sun 2 Jan to 13:47 on Mon 3 Jan.", "fact": "2011-01-02T08:57:57Z → 2011-01-03T08:46:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:12–01:00 on the 2nd, 00:12–01:00 on the 3rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36840 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 2 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śivarātri 2011 falls on Sunday 2 January. Caturdaśī runs from 13:58 on Sun 2 Jan to 13:47 on Mon 3 Jan and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-01-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-01-08", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-01-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17002, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-01-07T17:45:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-07T12:45:28Z", "ms": 1294404327785.9255 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-08T19:53:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-08T14:53:37Z", "ms": 1294498416900.8574 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-01-07T17:45:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-07T12:45:28Z", "ms": 1294404327785.9255 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-08T19:53:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-08T14:53:37Z", "ms": 1294498416900.8574 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-01-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-07T12:14:05+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-07T07:14:05Z", "ms": 1294384445470.8264 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-07T13:02:05+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-07T08:02:05Z", "ms": 1294387325470.8264 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-01-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-08T12:14:32+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-08T07:14:32Z", "ms": 1294470871511.4963 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-08T13:02:32+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-08T08:02:32Z", "ms": 1294473751511.4963 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 17:45 on Fri 7 Jan to 19:54 on Sat 8 Jan.", "fact": "2011-01-07T12:45:28Z → 2011-01-08T14:53:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:14–13:02 on the 7th, 12:15–13:03 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17002 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 8 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vināyaka Caturthī 2011 falls on Saturday 8 January. Caturthī runs from 17:45 on Fri 7 Jan to 19:54 on Sat 8 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-01-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/bhogi", "festival": "bhogi", "name": "Bhogi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 665, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:14:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:14:07Z", "ms": 1295010847050.976 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-13T07:12:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-13T02:12:53Z", "ms": 1297563172779.1145 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:14:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:14:07Z", "ms": 1295010847050.976 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:14:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:14:07Z", "ms": 1295010847050.976 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-13T18:02:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-13T13:02:18Z", "ms": 1294923737677.0256 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:03:02+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:03:02Z", "ms": 1295010182155.06 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:03:02+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:03:02Z", "ms": 1295010182155.06 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-15T18:03:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-15T13:03:47Z", "ms": 1295096626780.9368 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "2011-01-15", "days": -1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 18:14 on Fri 14 Jan.", "fact": "2011-01-14T13:14:07Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 18:03, and the day of the 15th ends at 18:04.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 665 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Bhogi is kept the day before Pongal: Saturday 15 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal − 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhogi, Karachi, 2011: Friday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "bhogi", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": -1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2011-01-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2011-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Bhogi 2011 falls on Friday 14 January. It is kept the day before Pongal, which falls on Saturday 15 January. The Sun enters Makara at 18:14 on Fri 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 13 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/bhogi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/makara-sankranti", "festival": "makara-sankranti", "name": "Makara Saṅkrānti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20753, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:14:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:14:07Z", "ms": 1295010847050.976 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-13T07:12:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-13T02:12:53Z", "ms": 1297563172779.1145 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:14:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:14:07Z", "ms": 1295010847050.976 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:14:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:14:07Z", "ms": 1295010847050.976 } }, "kaala": "civil-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-14T00:00:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-13T19:00:00Z", "ms": 1294945200000 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-15T00:00:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T19:00:00Z", "ms": 1295031600000 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-15T00:00:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T19:00:00Z", "ms": 1295031600000 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-16T00:00:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-15T19:00:00Z", "ms": 1295118000000 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 18:14 on Fri 14 Jan.", "fact": "2011-01-14T13:14:07Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Karachi.", "fact": "civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · Asia/Karachi" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 14th, not the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 20753 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Makara Saṅkrānti, Karachi, 2011: Friday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "makara-sankranti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "midnight" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2011-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "2011-01-15", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Makara Saṅkrānti 2011 falls on Friday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 18:14 on Fri 14 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight. By the Tamil rule for the first day of a solar month, which gives a transit after sunset to the next day, it is 15 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/makara-sankranti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pongal", "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 665, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:14:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:14:07Z", "ms": 1295010847050.976 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-13T07:12:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-13T02:12:53Z", "ms": 1297563172779.1145 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:14:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:14:07Z", "ms": 1295010847050.976 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:14:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:14:07Z", "ms": 1295010847050.976 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-13T18:02:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-13T13:02:18Z", "ms": 1294923737677.0256 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:03:02+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:03:02Z", "ms": 1295010182155.06 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:03:02+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:03:02Z", "ms": 1295010182155.06 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-15T18:03:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-15T13:03:47Z", "ms": 1295096626780.9368 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 18:14 on Fri 14 Jan.", "fact": "2011-01-14T13:14:07Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 18:03, and the day of the 15th ends at 18:04.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 665 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pongal, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "pongal", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The rule that heads the solar festivals, the day \"taken to begin from midnight\" (p. 106), is not applied to Pongal. It is kept on the first day of the month of Makara as the Tamil districts count it, a transit after sunset going to the next day (p. 244); the Rashtriya Panchang prints Pongal so.", "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2011-01-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2011-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Pongal 2011 falls on Saturday 15 January. The Sun enters Makara at 18:14 on Fri 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 14 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/mattu-pongal", "festival": "mattu-pongal", "name": "Mattu Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-01-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 665, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:14:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:14:07Z", "ms": 1295010847050.976 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-13T07:12:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-13T02:12:53Z", "ms": 1297563172779.1145 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:14:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:14:07Z", "ms": 1295010847050.976 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:14:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:14:07Z", "ms": 1295010847050.976 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-13T18:02:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-13T13:02:18Z", "ms": 1294923737677.0256 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:03:02+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:03:02Z", "ms": 1295010182155.06 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-14T18:03:02+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-14T13:03:02Z", "ms": 1295010182155.06 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-15T18:03:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-15T13:03:47Z", "ms": 1295096626780.9368 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "2011-01-15", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 18:14 on Fri 14 Jan.", "fact": "2011-01-14T13:14:07Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 18:03, and the day of the 15th ends at 18:04.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 665 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Mattu Pongal is kept the day after Pongal: Saturday 15 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mattu Pongal, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 16 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "mattu-pongal", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2011-01-15", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2011-01-15", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Mattu Pongal 2011 falls on Sunday 16 January. It is kept the day after Pongal, which falls on Saturday 15 January. The Sun enters Makara at 18:14 on Fri 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 15 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/mattu-pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-01-16", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-01-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3408, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-01-15T08:15:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-15T03:15:37Z", "ms": 1295061336792.012 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-16T08:31:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-16T03:31:04Z", "ms": 1295148663902.3828 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-01-15T08:15:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-15T03:15:37Z", "ms": 1295061336792.012 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-16T08:31:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-16T03:31:04Z", "ms": 1295148663902.3828 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-15T07:18:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-15T02:18:48Z", "ms": 1295057928474.571 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-15T07:18:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-15T02:18:48Z", "ms": 1295057928474.571 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-01-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-16T07:18:46+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-16T02:18:46Z", "ms": 1295144326033.534 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-16T07:18:46+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-16T02:18:46Z", "ms": 1295144326033.534 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:16 on Sat 15 Jan to 08:31 on Sun 16 Jan.", "fact": "2011-01-15T03:15:37Z → 2011-01-16T03:31:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:19 on the 15th and 07:19 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 15th and is on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3408 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 16 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Putradā Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Sunday 16 January. Ekādaśī runs from 08:16 on Sat 15 Jan to 08:31 on Sun 16 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-01-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-01-17", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-01-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36338, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-01-17T07:59:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-17T02:59:38Z", "ms": 1295233178092.6582 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-18T06:43:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-18T01:43:40Z", "ms": 1295315019571.12 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-01-17T07:59:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-17T02:59:38Z", "ms": 1295233178092.6582 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-18T06:43:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-18T01:43:40Z", "ms": 1295315019571.12 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-01-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-17T18:05:16+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-17T13:05:16Z", "ms": 1295269516340.8154 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-17T19:51:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-17T14:51:03Z", "ms": 1295275863056.2278 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-01-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-18T18:06:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-18T13:06:01Z", "ms": 1295355961211.5713 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-18T19:51:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-18T14:51:41Z", "ms": 1295362301027.1448 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:00 on Mon 17 Jan to 06:44 on Tue 18 Jan.", "fact": "2011-01-17T02:59:38Z → 2011-01-18T01:43:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:05–19:51 on the 17th, 18:06–19:52 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 106 of 106 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 106 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36338 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Monday 17 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Monday 17 January. Trayodaśī runs from 08:00 on Mon 17 Jan to 06:44 on Tue 18 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-01-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-01-22", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-01-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13378, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-01-22T17:18:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-22T12:18:58Z", "ms": 1295698738071.041 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-23T14:15:20+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-23T09:15:20Z", "ms": 1295774119958.7786 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-01-22T17:18:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-22T12:18:58Z", "ms": 1295698738071.041 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-23T14:15:20+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-23T09:15:20Z", "ms": 1295774119958.7786 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-01-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-22T21:01:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-22T16:01:56Z", "ms": 1295712115785.1746 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-22T21:01:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-22T16:01:56Z", "ms": 1295712115785.1746 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-01-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-23T22:05:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-23T17:05:26Z", "ms": 1295802325721.9534 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-23T22:05:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-23T17:05:26Z", "ms": 1295802325721.9534 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 17:19 on Sat 22 Jan to 14:15 on Sun 23 Jan.", "fact": "2011-01-22T12:18:58Z → 2011-01-23T09:15:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:02 on the 22nd and 22:05 on the 23rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 22nd and is not on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13378 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 22 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2011 falls on Saturday 22 January. Caturthī runs from 17:19 on Sat 22 Jan to 14:15 on Sun 23 Jan and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-01-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-01-29", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-01-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13275, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-01-29T03:34:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-28T22:34:47Z", "ms": 1296254086714.635 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-30T03:30:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-29T22:30:55Z", "ms": 1296340254521.5176 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-01-29T03:34:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-28T22:34:47Z", "ms": 1296254086714.635 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-30T03:30:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-29T22:30:55Z", "ms": 1296340254521.5176 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-01-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-29T07:16:02+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-29T02:16:02Z", "ms": 1296267361957.939 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-29T07:16:02+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-29T02:16:02Z", "ms": 1296267361957.939 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-01-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-30T07:15:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-30T02:15:40Z", "ms": 1296353739512.6467 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-30T07:15:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-30T02:15:40Z", "ms": 1296353739512.6467 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 03:35 on Sat 29 Jan to 03:31 on Sun 30 Jan.", "fact": "2011-01-28T22:34:47Z → 2011-01-29T22:30:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:16 on the 29th and 07:16 on the 30th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 29th and is not on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13275 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 29 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Saturday 29 January. Ekādaśī runs from 03:35 on Sat 29 Jan to 03:31 on Sun 30 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-01-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-01-31", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-01-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28546, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-01-31T03:54:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-30T22:54:43Z", "ms": 1296428082748.3896 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-01T04:43:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-31T23:43:55Z", "ms": 1296517434841.2246 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-01-31T03:54:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-30T22:54:43Z", "ms": 1296428082748.3896 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-01T04:43:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-31T23:43:55Z", "ms": 1296517434841.2246 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-01-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-30T18:14:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-30T13:14:54Z", "ms": 1296393294327.6716 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-30T19:58:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-30T14:58:57Z", "ms": 1296399537180.5664 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-01-31T18:15:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-31T13:15:38Z", "ms": 1296479737579.6982 }, "end": { "local": "2011-01-31T19:59:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-31T14:59:31Z", "ms": 1296485971316.6047 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 03:55 on Mon 31 Jan to 04:44 on Tue 1 Feb.", "fact": "2011-01-30T22:54:43Z → 2011-01-31T23:43:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:15–19:59 on the 30th, 18:16–20:00 on the 31st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 104 minutes on the 30th and 104 of 104 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28546 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Monday 31 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-01-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Monday 31 January. Trayodaśī runs from 03:55 on Mon 31 Jan to 04:44 on Tue 1 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-01-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/yama-tarpana", "festival": "yama-tarpana", "name": "Yama Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-02-01", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1549, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-02-01T04:43:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-31T23:43:55Z", "ms": 1296517434841.2246 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-02T05:56:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-02T00:56:28Z", "ms": 1296608188209.0337 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-02-01T04:43:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-31T23:43:55Z", "ms": 1296517434841.2246 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-02T05:56:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-02T00:56:28Z", "ms": 1296608188209.0337 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-01T05:30:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-01T00:30:57Z", "ms": 1296520256869.5896 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-01T07:14:51+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-01T02:14:51Z", "ms": 1296526490606.496 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-02-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-02T05:30:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-02T00:30:40Z", "ms": 1296606639688.701 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-02T07:14:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-02T02:14:24Z", "ms": 1296612864173.0935 } }, "covered_min": 26, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 04:44 on Tue 1 Feb to 05:56 on Wed 2 Feb.", "fact": "2011-01-31T23:43:55Z → 2011-02-02T00:56:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:31–07:15 on the 1st, 05:31–07:14 on the 2nd.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 104 of 104 minutes on the 1st and 26 of 104 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both dawns qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1549 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Tarpaṇa, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 1 February.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Yama tarpana (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-01", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-01", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Yama Tarpaṇa 2011 falls on Tuesday 1 February. Caturdaśī runs from 04:44 on Tue 1 Feb to 05:56 on Wed 2 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn. It also reaches the next dawn for 26 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/yama-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-02-01", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-02-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12881, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-02-01T04:43:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-31T23:43:55Z", "ms": 1296517434841.2246 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-02T05:56:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-02T00:56:28Z", "ms": 1296608188209.0337 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-02-01T04:43:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-31T23:43:55Z", "ms": 1296517434841.2246 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-02T05:56:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-02T00:56:28Z", "ms": 1296608188209.0337 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-01T00:21:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-31T19:21:14Z", "ms": 1296501674093.0972 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-01T01:09:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-01-31T20:09:14Z", "ms": 1296504554093.0972 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-02T00:21:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-01T19:21:22Z", "ms": 1296588082356.621 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-02T01:09:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-01T20:09:22Z", "ms": 1296590962356.621 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 04:44 on Tue 1 Feb to 05:56 on Wed 2 Feb.", "fact": "2011-01-31T23:43:55Z → 2011-02-02T00:56:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:21–01:09 on the 31st, 00:21–01:09 on the 1st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12881 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 1 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śivarātri 2011 falls on Tuesday 1 February. Caturdaśī runs from 04:44 on Tue 1 Feb to 05:56 on Wed 2 Feb and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-02-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/tila-chaturthi", "festival": "tila-chaturthi", "name": "Tila Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-02-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6270, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-02-06T14:02:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-06T09:02:15Z", "ms": 1296982935212.2212 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-07T16:36:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-07T11:36:01Z", "ms": 1297078560752.7102 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-02-06T14:02:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-06T09:02:15Z", "ms": 1296982935212.2212 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-07T16:36:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-07T11:36:01Z", "ms": 1297078560752.7102 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-06T18:19:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-06T13:19:50Z", "ms": 1296998390264.4119 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-06T20:02:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-06T15:02:47Z", "ms": 1297004566603.747 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-07T18:20:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-07T13:20:31Z", "ms": 1297084831073.413 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-07T20:03:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-07T15:03:17Z", "ms": 1297090997439.3264 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:02 on Sun 6 Feb to 16:36 on Mon 7 Feb.", "fact": "2011-02-06T09:02:15Z → 2011-02-07T11:36:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:20–20:03 on the 6th, 18:21–20:03 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 103 of 103 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 103 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6270 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Tila Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 6 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "tila-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Tila Caturthī 2011 falls on Sunday 6 February. Caturthī runs from 14:02 on Sun 6 Feb to 16:36 on Mon 7 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/tila-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ganesha-jayanti", "festival": "ganesha-jayanti", "name": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī", "everyday": "Maghi Ganesh Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-02-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3127, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-02-06T14:02:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-06T09:02:15Z", "ms": 1296982935212.2212 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-07T16:36:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-07T11:36:01Z", "ms": 1297078560752.7102 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-02-06T14:02:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-06T09:02:15Z", "ms": 1296982935212.2212 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-07T16:36:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-07T11:36:01Z", "ms": 1297078560752.7102 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-06T12:22:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-06T07:22:08Z", "ms": 1296976927925.171 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-06T13:10:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-06T08:10:08Z", "ms": 1296979807925.171 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-07T12:22:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-07T07:22:12Z", "ms": 1297063331941.4194 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-07T13:10:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-07T08:10:12Z", "ms": 1297066211941.4194 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:02 on Sun 6 Feb to 16:36 on Mon 7 Feb.", "fact": "2011-02-06T09:02:15Z → 2011-02-07T11:36:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:22–13:10 on the 6th, 12:22–13:10 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3127 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī, Karachi, 2011: Monday 7 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Gaṇeśa Jayantī (Maghi Ganesh Jayanti) 2011 falls on Monday 7 February. Caturthī runs from 14:02 on Sun 6 Feb to 16:36 on Mon 7 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ganesha-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shri-panchami", "festival": "shri-panchami", "name": "Śrī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-02-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12349, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2011-02-07T16:36:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-07T11:36:01Z", "ms": 1297078560752.7102 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-08T19:09:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-08T14:09:24Z", "ms": 1297174163707.1465 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-02-07T16:36:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-07T11:36:01Z", "ms": 1297078560752.7102 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-08T19:09:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-08T14:09:24Z", "ms": 1297174163707.1465 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-07T12:22:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-07T07:22:12Z", "ms": 1297063331941.4194 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-07T13:10:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-07T08:10:12Z", "ms": 1297066211941.4194 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-02-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-08T12:22:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-08T07:22:15Z", "ms": 1297149735144.3508 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-08T13:10:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-08T08:10:15Z", "ms": 1297152615144.3508 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 16:36 on Mon 7 Feb to 19:09 on Tue 8 Feb.", "fact": "2011-02-07T11:36:01Z → 2011-02-08T14:09:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:22–13:10 on the 7th, 12:22–13:10 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 12349 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Pañcamī, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 8 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śrī Pañcamī 2011 falls on Tuesday 8 February. Pañcamī runs from 16:36 on Mon 7 Feb to 19:09 on Tue 8 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shri-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vasanta-panchami", "festival": "vasanta-panchami", "name": "Vasanta Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-02-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12349, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2011-02-07T16:36:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-07T11:36:01Z", "ms": 1297078560752.7102 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-08T19:09:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-08T14:09:24Z", "ms": 1297174163707.1465 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-02-07T16:36:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-07T11:36:01Z", "ms": 1297078560752.7102 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-08T19:09:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-08T14:09:24Z", "ms": 1297174163707.1465 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-07T12:22:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-07T07:22:12Z", "ms": 1297063331941.4194 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-07T13:10:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-07T08:10:12Z", "ms": 1297066211941.4194 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-02-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-08T12:22:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-08T07:22:15Z", "ms": 1297149735144.3508 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-08T13:10:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-08T08:10:15Z", "ms": 1297152615144.3508 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 16:36 on Mon 7 Feb to 19:09 on Tue 8 Feb.", "fact": "2011-02-07T11:36:01Z → 2011-02-08T14:09:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:22–13:10 on the 7th, 12:22–13:10 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12349 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasanta Pañcamī, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 8 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasanta-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vasanta Pañcamī 2011 falls on Tuesday 8 February. Pañcamī runs from 16:36 on Mon 7 Feb to 19:09 on Tue 8 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vasanta-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ratha-saptami", "festival": "ratha-saptami", "name": "Ratha Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-02-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21378, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2011-02-09T21:31:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-09T16:31:41Z", "ms": 1297269101066.6433 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-10T23:30:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-10T18:30:56Z", "ms": 1297362656354.9375 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-02-09T21:31:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-09T16:31:41Z", "ms": 1297269101066.6433 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-10T23:30:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-10T18:30:56Z", "ms": 1297362656354.9375 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-10T05:27:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-10T00:27:41Z", "ms": 1297297661159.903 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-10T07:10:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-10T02:10:07Z", "ms": 1297303807269.734 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-11T05:27:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-11T00:27:14Z", "ms": 1297384033920.3506 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-11T07:09:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-11T02:09:30Z", "ms": 1297390169755.9207 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 21:32 on Wed 9 Feb to 23:31 on Thu 10 Feb.", "fact": "2011-02-09T16:31:41Z → 2011-02-10T18:30:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:28–07:10 on the 10th, 05:27–07:09 on the 11th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 102 of 102 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 102 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21378 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ratha Saptamī, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 10 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ratha-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Ratha saptami (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise), Acala saptami, Vidhana saptami, Arogya saptami [purvaviddha]." } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Ratha Saptamī 2011 falls on Thursday 10 February. Saptamī runs from 21:32 on Wed 9 Feb to 23:31 on Thu 10 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ratha-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-02-14", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Jayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-02-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20374, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-02-14T01:27:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-13T20:27:56Z", "ms": 1297628876144.4814 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-15T00:28:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-14T19:28:19Z", "ms": 1297711698516.7866 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-02-14T01:27:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-13T20:27:56Z", "ms": 1297628876144.4814 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-15T00:28:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-14T19:28:19Z", "ms": 1297711698516.7866 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-14T07:07:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-14T02:07:31Z", "ms": 1297649250528.6055 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-14T07:07:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-14T02:07:31Z", "ms": 1297649250528.6055 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-02-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-15T07:06:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-15T02:06:49Z", "ms": 1297735608638.7778 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-15T07:06:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-15T02:06:49Z", "ms": 1297735608638.7778 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 01:28 on Mon 14 Feb to 00:28 on Tue 15 Feb.", "fact": "2011-02-13T20:27:56Z → 2011-02-14T19:28:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:08 on the 14th and 07:07 on the 15th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 14th and is not on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 20374 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jayā Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Monday 14 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Jayā Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Monday 14 February. Ekādaśī runs from 01:28 on Mon 14 Feb to 00:28 on Tue 15 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-02-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/bhishma-dvadashi", "festival": "bhishma-dvadashi", "name": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-02-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34197, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-02-15T00:28:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-14T19:28:19Z", "ms": 1297711698516.7866 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-15T22:40:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-15T17:40:12Z", "ms": 1297791612277.2014 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-02-15T00:28:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-14T19:28:19Z", "ms": 1297711698516.7866 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-15T22:40:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-15T17:40:12Z", "ms": 1297791612277.2014 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-14T12:22:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-14T07:22:18Z", "ms": 1297668137618.6797 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-14T13:10:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-14T08:10:18Z", "ms": 1297671017618.6797 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-02-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-15T12:22:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-15T07:22:15Z", "ms": 1297754535322.9417 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-15T13:10:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-15T08:10:15Z", "ms": 1297757415322.9417 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 00:28 on Tue 15 Feb to 22:40 on Tue 15 Feb.", "fact": "2011-02-14T19:28:19Z → 2011-02-15T17:40:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:22–13:10 on the 14th, 12:22–13:10 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 34197 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 15 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhishma-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Bhisma dvadasi (purvaviddha), Amalaki dvadasi, Santana dvadasi, Varaha dvadasi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Bhīṣma Dvādaśī 2011 falls on Tuesday 15 February. Dvādaśī runs from 00:28 on Tue 15 Feb to 22:40 on Tue 15 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/bhishma-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-02-16", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-02-16", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 120, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-02-15T22:40:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-15T17:40:12Z", "ms": 1297791612277.2014 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-16T20:09:32+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-16T15:09:32Z", "ms": 1297868971512.889 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-02-15T22:40:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-15T17:40:12Z", "ms": 1297791612277.2014 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-16T20:09:32+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-16T15:09:32Z", "ms": 1297868971512.889 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-02-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-15T18:25:42+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-15T13:25:42Z", "ms": 1297776342007.1055 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-15T20:07:05+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-15T15:07:05Z", "ms": 1297782425168.6028 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-02-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-16T18:26:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-16T13:26:19Z", "ms": 1297862778852.3933 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-16T20:07:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-16T15:07:31Z", "ms": 1297868851244.6892 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:40 on Tue 15 Feb to 20:10 on Wed 16 Feb.", "fact": "2011-02-15T17:40:12Z → 2011-02-16T15:09:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:26–20:07 on the 15th, 18:26–20:08 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 101 minutes on the 15th and 101 of 101 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 120 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 16 February.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-16", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Wednesday 16 February. Trayodaśī runs from 22:40 on Tue 15 Feb to 20:10 on Wed 16 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It is 2 min 00 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-02-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/maghi-purnima", "festival": "maghi-purnima", "name": "Māghī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-02-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1536, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2011-02-17T17:04:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-17T12:04:40Z", "ms": 1297944279974.1526 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-18T13:35:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-18T08:35:40Z", "ms": 1298018140132.3408 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-02-17T17:04:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-17T12:04:40Z", "ms": 1297944279974.1526 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-18T13:35:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-18T08:35:40Z", "ms": 1298018140132.3408 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-02-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-17T12:22:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-17T07:22:09Z", "ms": 1297927328521.442 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-17T13:10:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-17T08:10:09Z", "ms": 1297930208521.442 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-02-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-18T12:22:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-18T07:22:04Z", "ms": 1298013724048.2134 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-18T13:10:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-18T08:10:04Z", "ms": 1298016604048.2134 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:05 on Thu 17 Feb to 13:36 on Fri 18 Feb.", "fact": "2011-02-17T12:04:40Z → 2011-02-18T08:35:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:22–13:10 on the 17th, 12:22–13:10 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 48 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1536 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Māghī Pūrṇimā, Karachi, 2011: Friday 18 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maghi-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Maghi purnima (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Māghī Pūrṇimā 2011 falls on Friday 18 February. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:05 on Thu 17 Feb to 13:36 on Fri 18 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/maghi-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-02-21", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-02-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4869, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-02-21T02:34:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-20T21:34:39Z", "ms": 1298237678876.7307 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-21T23:19:32+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-21T18:19:32Z", "ms": 1298312371651.603 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-02-21T02:34:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-20T21:34:39Z", "ms": 1298237678876.7307 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-21T23:19:32+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-21T18:19:32Z", "ms": 1298312371651.603 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-02-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-20T20:52:52+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-20T15:52:52Z", "ms": 1298217172222.3765 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-20T20:52:52+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-20T15:52:52Z", "ms": 1298217172222.3765 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-02-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-21T21:58:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-21T16:58:23Z", "ms": 1298307503071.6816 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-21T21:58:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-21T16:58:23Z", "ms": 1298307503071.6816 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 02:35 on Mon 21 Feb to 23:20 on Mon 21 Feb.", "fact": "2011-02-20T21:34:39Z → 2011-02-21T18:19:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:53 on the 20th and 21:58 on the 21st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 20th and is on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4869 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Monday 21 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2011 falls on Monday 21 February. Caturthī runs from 02:35 on Mon 21 Feb to 23:20 on Mon 21 Feb and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-02-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-02-28", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Vijayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-02-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34995, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-02-27T16:40:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-27T11:40:29Z", "ms": 1298806828947.2898 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-28T17:48:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-28T12:48:12Z", "ms": 1298897291542.1863 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-02-27T16:40:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-27T11:40:29Z", "ms": 1298806828947.2898 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-28T17:48:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-28T12:48:12Z", "ms": 1298897291542.1863 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-02-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-27T06:57:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-27T01:57:14Z", "ms": 1298771833738.6213 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-27T06:57:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-27T01:57:14Z", "ms": 1298771833738.6213 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-02-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-02-28T06:56:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-28T01:56:21Z", "ms": 1298858180676.0354 }, "end": { "local": "2011-02-28T06:56:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-02-28T01:56:21Z", "ms": 1298858180676.0354 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:40 on Sun 27 Feb to 17:48 on Mon 28 Feb.", "fact": "2011-02-27T11:40:29Z → 2011-02-28T12:48:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:57 on the 27th and 06:56 on the 28th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 27th and is on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34995 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Monday 28 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-02-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vijayā Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Monday 28 February. Ekādaśī runs from 16:40 on Sun 27 Feb to 17:48 on Mon 28 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-02-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/maha-shivaratri", "festival": "maha-shivaratri", "name": "Mahāśivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-03-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3237, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-03-02T21:16:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-02T16:16:29Z", "ms": 1299082589116.1807 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-03T23:25:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-03T18:25:45Z", "ms": 1299176744535.4734 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-03-02T21:16:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-02T16:16:29Z", "ms": 1299082589116.1807 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-03T23:25:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-03T18:25:45Z", "ms": 1299176744535.4734 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-03-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-03T00:19:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-02T19:19:54Z", "ms": 1299093594207.2905 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-03T01:07:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-02T20:07:54Z", "ms": 1299096474207.2905 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-03-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-04T00:19:42+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-03T19:19:42Z", "ms": 1299179981838.564 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-04T01:07:42+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-03T20:07:42Z", "ms": 1299182861838.564 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 21:16 on Wed 2 Mar to 23:26 on Thu 3 Mar.", "fact": "2011-03-02T16:16:29Z → 2011-03-03T18:25:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:20–01:08 on the 2nd, 00:20–01:08 on the 3rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 3237 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāśivarātri, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 2 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maha-shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day" } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Mahāśivarātri 2011 falls on Wednesday 2 March. Caturdaśī runs from 21:16 on Wed 2 Mar to 23:26 on Thu 3 Mar and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/maha-shivaratri", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-03-02", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-03-02", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2915, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-03-01T19:22:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-01T14:22:14Z", "ms": 1298989334322.5718 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-02T21:16:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-02T16:16:29Z", "ms": 1299082589116.1807 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-03-01T19:22:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-01T14:22:14Z", "ms": 1298989334322.5718 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-02T21:16:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-02T16:16:29Z", "ms": 1299082589116.1807 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-03-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-01T18:33:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-01T13:33:40Z", "ms": 1298986419627.1863 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-01T20:12:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-01T15:12:27Z", "ms": 1298992346686.8784 } }, "covered_min": 50, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-03-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-02T18:34:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-02T13:34:11Z", "ms": 1299072850828.0608 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-02T20:12:46+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-02T15:12:46Z", "ms": 1299078766395.8555 } }, "covered_min": 99, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 19:22 on Tue 1 Mar to 21:16 on Wed 2 Mar.", "fact": "2011-03-01T14:22:14Z → 2011-03-02T16:16:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:34–20:12 on the 1st, 18:34–20:13 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 50 of 99 minutes on the 1st and 99 of 99 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 2915 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 2 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-02", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-02", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Wednesday 2 March. Trayodaśī runs from 19:22 on Tue 1 Mar to 21:16 on Wed 2 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 50 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-03-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-03-08", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-03-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2529, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-03-08T09:14:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-08T04:14:23Z", "ms": 1299557663063.881 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-09T11:36:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-09T06:36:39Z", "ms": 1299652598514.2573 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-03-08T09:14:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-08T04:14:23Z", "ms": 1299557663063.881 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-09T11:36:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-09T06:36:39Z", "ms": 1299652598514.2573 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-03-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-08T12:19:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-08T07:19:03Z", "ms": 1299568742507.9785 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-08T13:07:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-08T08:07:03Z", "ms": 1299571622507.9785 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-03-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-09T12:18:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-09T07:18:48Z", "ms": 1299655127846.9412 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-09T13:06:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-09T08:06:48Z", "ms": 1299658007846.9412 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:14 on Tue 8 Mar to 11:37 on Wed 9 Mar.", "fact": "2011-03-08T04:14:23Z → 2011-03-09T06:36:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:19–13:07 on the 8th, 12:19–13:07 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2529 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 8 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-08", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vināyaka Caturthī 2011 falls on Tuesday 8 March. Caturthī runs from 09:14 on Tue 8 Mar to 11:37 on Wed 9 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-03-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-03-16", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-03-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22738, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-03-15T15:05:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-15T10:05:12Z", "ms": 1300183512261.5276 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-16T12:59:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-16T07:59:56Z", "ms": 1300262395563.8376 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-03-15T15:05:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-15T10:05:12Z", "ms": 1300183512261.5276 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-16T12:59:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-16T07:59:56Z", "ms": 1300262395563.8376 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-03-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-15T06:41:59+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-15T01:41:59Z", "ms": 1300153318703.086 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-15T06:41:59+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-15T01:41:59Z", "ms": 1300153318703.086 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-03-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-16T06:40:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-16T01:40:58Z", "ms": 1300239657987.2856 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-16T06:40:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-16T01:40:58Z", "ms": 1300239657987.2856 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:05 on Tue 15 Mar to 13:00 on Wed 16 Mar.", "fact": "2011-03-15T10:05:12Z → 2011-03-16T07:59:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:42 on the 15th and 06:41 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 15th and is on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22738 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 16 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Āmalakī Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Wednesday 16 March. Ekādaśī runs from 15:05 on Tue 15 Mar to 13:00 on Wed 16 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-03-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-03-17", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-03-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30526, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-03-17T10:12:34+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-17T05:12:34Z", "ms": 1300338754034.5808 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-18T06:51:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-18T01:51:30Z", "ms": 1300413089954.0073 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-03-17T10:12:34+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-17T05:12:34Z", "ms": 1300338754034.5808 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-18T06:51:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-18T01:51:30Z", "ms": 1300413089954.0073 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-03-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-17T18:41:20+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-17T13:41:20Z", "ms": 1300369280406.607 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-17T20:17:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-17T15:17:01Z", "ms": 1300375021128.2466 } }, "covered_min": 96, "window_min": 96, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-03-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-18T18:41:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-18T13:41:47Z", "ms": 1300455706960.4316 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-18T20:17:16+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-18T15:17:16Z", "ms": 1300461435955.7502 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 10:13 on Thu 17 Mar to 06:51 on Fri 18 Mar.", "fact": "2011-03-17T05:12:34Z → 2011-03-18T01:51:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:41–20:17 on the 17th, 18:42–20:17 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 96 of 96 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 95 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30526 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 17 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Thursday 17 March. Trayodaśī runs from 10:13 on Thu 17 Mar to 06:51 on Fri 18 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-03-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/holika-dahana", "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-03-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16070, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2011-03-19T03:06:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-18T22:06:54Z", "ms": 1300486014241.1172 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-19T23:10:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-19T18:10:03Z", "ms": 1300558203493.3623 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-03-19T03:06:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-18T22:06:54Z", "ms": 1300486014241.1172 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-19T23:10:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-19T18:10:03Z", "ms": 1300558203493.3623 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-03-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-18T16:17:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-18T11:17:13Z", "ms": 1300447032732.1262 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-18T18:41:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-18T13:41:47Z", "ms": 1300455706960.4316 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 145, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-03-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-19T16:17:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-19T11:17:22Z", "ms": 1300533441555.1511 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-19T18:42:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-19T13:42:13Z", "ms": 1300542133337.6086 } }, "covered_min": 145, "window_min": 145, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 03:07 on Sat 19 Mar to 23:10 on Sat 19 Mar.", "fact": "2011-03-18T22:06:54Z → 2011-03-19T18:10:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:17–18:42 on the 18th, 16:17–18:42 on the 19th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 145 minutes on the 18th and 145 of 145 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16070 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holikā Dahana, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 19 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holika-dahana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "not_evaluated": "The hour the row gives for the rite (\"it should be observed on second half of purnima at night\") is not tested: sāyāhna alone settles the day.", "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Holikā Dahana 2011 falls on Saturday 19 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 03:07 on Sat 19 Mar to 23:10 on Sat 19 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/holika-dahana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/holi", "festival": "holi", "name": "Holī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-03-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16070, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2011-03-19T03:06:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-18T22:06:54Z", "ms": 1300486014241.1172 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-19T23:10:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-19T18:10:03Z", "ms": 1300558203493.3623 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-03-19T03:06:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-18T22:06:54Z", "ms": 1300486014241.1172 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-19T23:10:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-19T18:10:03Z", "ms": 1300558203493.3623 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-03-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-18T16:17:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-18T11:17:13Z", "ms": 1300447032732.1262 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-18T18:41:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-18T13:41:47Z", "ms": 1300455706960.4316 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 145, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-03-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-19T16:17:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-19T11:17:22Z", "ms": 1300533441555.1511 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-19T18:42:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-19T13:42:13Z", "ms": 1300542133337.6086 } }, "covered_min": 145, "window_min": 145, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "local_date": "2011-03-19", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 03:07 on Sat 19 Mar to 23:10 on Sat 19 Mar.", "fact": "2011-03-18T22:06:54Z → 2011-03-19T18:10:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:17–18:42 on the 18th, 16:17–18:42 on the 19th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 145 minutes on the 18th and 145 of 145 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16070 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Holī is kept the day after Holikā Dahana: Saturday 19 March is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: holika-dahana + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 20 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holi", "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Holī 2011 falls on Sunday 20 March. It is kept the day after Holikā Dahana, which falls on Saturday 19 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 03:07 on Sat 19 Mar to 23:10 on Sat 19 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna on the 19th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/holi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vasantotsava", "festival": "vasantotsava", "name": "Vasantotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-03-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26809, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 15, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2011-03-19T23:10:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-19T18:10:03Z", "ms": 1300558203493.3623 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-20T19:12:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-20T14:12:44Z", "ms": 1300630364331.7217 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-03-19T23:10:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-19T18:10:03Z", "ms": 1300558203493.3623 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-20T19:12:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-20T14:12:44Z", "ms": 1300630364331.7217 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-03-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-20T06:36:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-20T01:36:53Z", "ms": 1300585012865.879 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-20T06:36:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-20T01:36:53Z", "ms": 1300585012865.879 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-03-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-21T06:35:51+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-21T01:35:51Z", "ms": 1300671351171.3755 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-21T06:35:51+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-21T01:35:51Z", "ms": 1300671351171.3755 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 23:10 on Sat 19 Mar to 19:13 on Sun 20 Mar.", "fact": "2011-03-19T18:10:03Z → 2011-03-20T14:12:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:37 on the 20th and 06:36 on the 21st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be current at sunrise. It is on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26809 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasantotsava, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 20 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasantotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 1 Vasantotsava (current at sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vasantotsava 2011 falls on Sunday 20 March. Pratipadā runs from 23:10 on Sat 19 Mar to 19:13 on Sun 20 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vasantotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-03-22", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-03-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35265, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-03-22T12:03:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-22T07:03:13Z", "ms": 1300777392606.014 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-23T09:12:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-23T04:12:23Z", "ms": 1300853542838.8054 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-03-22T12:03:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-22T07:03:13Z", "ms": 1300777392606.014 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-23T09:12:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-23T04:12:23Z", "ms": 1300853542838.8054 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-03-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-22T21:50:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-22T16:50:57Z", "ms": 1300812657270.2688 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-22T21:50:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-22T16:50:57Z", "ms": 1300812657270.2688 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-23T22:56:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-23T17:56:21Z", "ms": 1300902981028.0728 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-23T22:56:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-23T17:56:21Z", "ms": 1300902981028.0728 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:03 on Tue 22 Mar to 09:12 on Wed 23 Mar.", "fact": "2011-03-22T07:03:13Z → 2011-03-23T04:12:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:51 on the 22nd and 22:56 on the 23rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 22nd and is not on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35265 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 22 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2011 falls on Tuesday 22 March. Caturthī runs from 12:03 on Tue 22 Mar to 09:12 on Wed 23 Mar and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-03-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shitalashtami", "festival": "shitalashtami", "name": "Śītalāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-03-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24798, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2011-03-26T05:05:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-26T00:05:54Z", "ms": 1301097954060.597 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-27T05:20:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-27T00:20:22Z", "ms": 1301185222221.3264 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-03-26T05:05:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-26T00:05:54Z", "ms": 1301097954060.597 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-27T05:20:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-27T00:20:22Z", "ms": 1301185222221.3264 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-03-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-26T12:13:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-26T07:13:58Z", "ms": 1301123638208.551 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-26T13:01:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-26T08:01:58Z", "ms": 1301126518208.551 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-03-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-27T12:13:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-27T07:13:40Z", "ms": 1301210020089.454 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-27T13:01:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-27T08:01:40Z", "ms": 1301212900089.454 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 05:06 on Sat 26 Mar to 05:20 on Sun 27 Mar.", "fact": "2011-03-26T00:05:54Z → 2011-03-27T00:20:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:14–13:02 on the 26th, 12:14–13:02 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 24798 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalāṣṭamī, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 26 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitalashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Sitalastami, (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śītalāṣṭamī 2011 falls on Saturday 26 March. Aṣṭamī runs from 05:06 on Sat 26 Mar to 05:20 on Sun 27 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shitalashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-03-30", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-03-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5046, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-03-29T07:51:42+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-29T02:51:42Z", "ms": 1301367102322.4727 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-30T09:51:46+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-30T04:51:46Z", "ms": 1301460706196.9604 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-03-29T07:51:42+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-29T02:51:42Z", "ms": 1301367102322.4727 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-30T09:51:46+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-30T04:51:46Z", "ms": 1301460706196.9604 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-03-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-29T06:27:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-29T01:27:36Z", "ms": 1301362056337.1853 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-29T06:27:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-29T01:27:36Z", "ms": 1301362056337.1853 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-03-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-30T06:26:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-30T01:26:35Z", "ms": 1301448394741.7578 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-30T06:26:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-30T01:26:35Z", "ms": 1301448394741.7578 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 07:52 on Tue 29 Mar to 09:52 on Wed 30 Mar.", "fact": "2011-03-29T02:51:42Z → 2011-03-30T04:51:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:28 on the 29th and 06:27 on the 30th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 29th and is on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5046 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 30 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Wednesday 30 March. Ekādaśī runs from 07:52 on Tue 29 Mar to 09:52 on Wed 30 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-03-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-03-31", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-03-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15124, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-03-31T12:09:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-31T07:09:09Z", "ms": 1301555349146.1113 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-01T14:35:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-01T09:35:45Z", "ms": 1301650544512.8828 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-03-31T12:09:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-31T07:09:09Z", "ms": 1301555349146.1113 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-01T14:35:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-01T09:35:45Z", "ms": 1301650544512.8828 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-03-31T18:47:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-31T13:47:23Z", "ms": 1301579242719.39 }, "end": { "local": "2011-03-31T20:20:20+05:00", "utc": "2011-03-31T15:20:20Z", "ms": 1301584819957.8718 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-01T18:47:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-01T13:47:48Z", "ms": 1301665668334.1729 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-01T20:20:34+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-01T15:20:34Z", "ms": 1301671234012.0796 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 12:09 on Thu 31 Mar to 14:36 on Fri 1 Apr.", "fact": "2011-03-31T07:09:09Z → 2011-04-01T09:35:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:47–20:20 on the 31st, 18:48–20:21 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 93 of 93 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 93 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15124 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 31 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-03-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Thursday 31 March. Trayodaśī runs from 12:09 on Thu 31 Mar to 14:36 on Fri 1 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-03-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-04-01", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-04-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25576, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-04-01T14:35:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-01T09:35:45Z", "ms": 1301650544512.8828 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-02T17:05:06+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-02T12:05:06Z", "ms": 1301745905775.9846 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-04-01T14:35:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-01T09:35:45Z", "ms": 1301650544512.8828 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-02T17:05:06+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-02T12:05:06Z", "ms": 1301745905775.9846 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-02T00:11:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-01T19:11:40Z", "ms": 1301685099626.3232 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-02T00:59:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-01T19:59:40Z", "ms": 1301687979626.3232 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-04-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-03T00:11:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-02T19:11:22Z", "ms": 1301771482009.8286 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-03T00:59:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-02T19:59:22Z", "ms": 1301774362009.8286 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 14:36 on Fri 1 Apr to 17:05 on Sat 2 Apr.", "fact": "2011-04-01T09:35:45Z → 2011-04-02T12:05:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:12–01:00 on the 1st, 00:11–00:59 on the 2nd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25576 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Karachi, 2011: Friday 1 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śivarātri 2011 falls on Friday 1 April. Caturdaśī runs from 14:36 on Fri 1 Apr to 17:05 on Sat 2 Apr and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-04-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "festival": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "name": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra)", "everyday": "Chaitra Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-04-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23565, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2011-04-03T19:32:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-03T14:32:19Z", "ms": 1301841139375.688 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-04T21:53:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-04T16:53:27Z", "ms": 1301936007295.609 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-04-03T19:32:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-03T14:32:19Z", "ms": 1301841139375.688 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-04T21:53:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-04T16:53:27Z", "ms": 1301936007295.609 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-03T12:11:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-03T07:11:35Z", "ms": 1301814694846.517 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-03T12:59:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-03T07:59:35Z", "ms": 1301817574846.517 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-04T12:11:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-04T07:11:17Z", "ms": 1301901077387.98 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-04T12:59:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-04T07:59:17Z", "ms": 1301903957387.98 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 19:32 on Sun 3 Apr to 21:53 on Mon 4 Apr.", "fact": "2011-04-03T14:32:19Z → 2011-04-04T16:53:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 3rd, 12:11–12:59 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 23565 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra), Karachi, 2011: Monday 4 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Navarātrārambha (Caitra) (Chaitra Navratri) 2011 falls on Monday 4 April. Pratipadā runs from 19:32 on Sun 3 Apr to 21:53 on Mon 4 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/gauri-tritiya", "festival": "gauri-tritiya", "name": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Gangaur", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-04-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36551, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2011-04-06T00:04:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-05T19:04:37Z", "ms": 1302030276699.5276 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-07T02:01:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-06T21:01:15Z", "ms": 1302123675222.1902 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-04-06T00:04:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-05T19:04:37Z", "ms": 1302030276699.5276 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-07T02:01:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-06T21:01:15Z", "ms": 1302123675222.1902 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-06T12:10:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-06T07:10:43Z", "ms": 1302073842956.413 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-06T12:58:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-06T07:58:43Z", "ms": 1302076722956.413 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-07T12:10:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-07T07:10:26Z", "ms": 1302160226013.8083 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-07T12:58:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-07T07:58:26Z", "ms": 1302163106013.8083 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 00:05 on Wed 6 Apr to 02:01 on Thu 7 Apr.", "fact": "2011-04-05T19:04:37Z → 2011-04-06T21:01:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:11–12:59 on the 6th, 12:10–12:58 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36551 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 6 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gauri-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Gaurī Tṛtīyā (Gangaur) 2011 falls on Wednesday 6 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 00:05 on Wed 6 Apr to 02:01 on Thu 7 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/gauri-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-04-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36551, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2011-04-06T00:04:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-05T19:04:37Z", "ms": 1302030276699.5276 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-07T02:01:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-06T21:01:15Z", "ms": 1302123675222.1902 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-04-06T00:04:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-05T19:04:37Z", "ms": 1302030276699.5276 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-07T02:01:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-06T21:01:15Z", "ms": 1302123675222.1902 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-06T12:10:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-06T07:10:43Z", "ms": 1302073842956.413 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-06T12:58:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-06T07:58:43Z", "ms": 1302076722956.413 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-07T12:10:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-07T07:10:26Z", "ms": 1302160226013.8083 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-07T12:58:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-07T07:58:26Z", "ms": 1302163106013.8083 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 00:05 on Wed 6 Apr to 02:01 on Thu 7 Apr.", "fact": "2011-04-05T19:04:37Z → 2011-04-06T21:01:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:11–12:59 on the 6th, 12:10–12:58 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36551 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 6 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata 2011 falls on Wednesday 6 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 00:05 on Wed 6 Apr to 02:01 on Thu 7 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-04-07", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-04-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30741, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-04-07T02:01:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-06T21:01:15Z", "ms": 1302123675222.1902 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-08T03:37:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-07T22:37:48Z", "ms": 1302215868085.6182 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-04-07T02:01:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-06T21:01:15Z", "ms": 1302123675222.1902 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-08T03:37:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-07T22:37:48Z", "ms": 1302215868085.6182 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-07T12:10:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-07T07:10:26Z", "ms": 1302160226013.8083 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-07T12:58:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-07T07:58:26Z", "ms": 1302163106013.8083 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-08T12:10:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-08T07:10:09Z", "ms": 1302246609273.3198 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-08T12:58:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-08T07:58:09Z", "ms": 1302249489273.3198 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 02:01 on Thu 7 Apr to 03:38 on Fri 8 Apr.", "fact": "2011-04-06T21:01:15Z → 2011-04-07T22:37:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 7th, 12:10–12:58 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30741 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 7 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vināyaka Caturthī 2011 falls on Thursday 7 April. Caturthī runs from 02:01 on Thu 7 Apr to 03:38 on Fri 8 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-04-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/lakshmi-panchami", "festival": "lakshmi-panchami", "name": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-04-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26525, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2011-04-08T03:37:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-07T22:37:48Z", "ms": 1302215868085.6182 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-09T04:47:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-08T23:47:47Z", "ms": 1302306467405.233 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-04-08T03:37:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-07T22:37:48Z", "ms": 1302215868085.6182 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-09T04:47:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-08T23:47:47Z", "ms": 1302306467405.233 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-08T12:10:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-08T07:10:09Z", "ms": 1302246609273.3198 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-08T12:58:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-08T07:58:09Z", "ms": 1302249489273.3198 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-09T12:09:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-09T07:09:53Z", "ms": 1302332992749.853 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-09T12:57:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-09T07:57:53Z", "ms": 1302335872749.853 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 03:38 on Fri 8 Apr to 04:48 on Sat 9 Apr.", "fact": "2011-04-07T22:37:48Z → 2011-04-08T23:47:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 8th, 12:10–12:58 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26525 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī, Karachi, 2011: Friday 8 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "lakshmi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri pancami or Laksmi pancami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Lakṣmī Pañcamī 2011 falls on Friday 8 April. Pañcamī runs from 03:38 on Fri 8 Apr to 04:48 on Sat 9 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/lakshmi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/bhavani-utpatti", "festival": "bhavani-utpatti", "name": "Bhavānī Utpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-04-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24417, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2011-04-11T05:22:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-11T00:22:23Z", "ms": 1302481343064.2034 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-12T04:37:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-11T23:37:26Z", "ms": 1302565046199.5896 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-04-11T05:22:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-11T00:22:23Z", "ms": 1302481343064.2034 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-12T04:37:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-11T23:37:26Z", "ms": 1302565046199.5896 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-11T12:09:20+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-11T07:09:20Z", "ms": 1302505760413.9585 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-11T12:57:20+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-11T07:57:20Z", "ms": 1302508640413.9585 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-12T12:09:05+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-12T07:09:05Z", "ms": 1302592144632.1152 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-12T12:57:05+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-12T07:57:05Z", "ms": 1302595024632.1152 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 05:22 on Mon 11 Apr to 04:37 on Tue 12 Apr.", "fact": "2011-04-11T00:22:23Z → 2011-04-11T23:37:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 11th, 12:09–12:57 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24417 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhavānī Utpatti, Karachi, 2011: Monday 11 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhavani-utpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Annapurna puja (Beng.) (paraviddha), Bhavani-utpatti (paraviddha), Asokastami (Special when combined with naks. Punarvasu and Wednesday, after mid-day)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Bhavānī Utpatti 2011 falls on Monday 11 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 05:22 on Mon 11 Apr to 04:37 on Tue 12 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/bhavani-utpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/rama-navami", "festival": "rama-navami", "name": "Rāma Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-04-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27098, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2011-04-12T04:37:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-11T23:37:26Z", "ms": 1302565046199.5896 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-13T03:08:42+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-12T22:08:42Z", "ms": 1302646122427.4312 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-04-12T04:37:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-11T23:37:26Z", "ms": 1302565046199.5896 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-13T03:08:42+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-12T22:08:42Z", "ms": 1302646122427.4312 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-12T12:09:05+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-12T07:09:05Z", "ms": 1302592144632.1152 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-12T12:57:05+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-12T07:57:05Z", "ms": 1302595024632.1152 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-13T12:08:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-13T07:08:49Z", "ms": 1302678529128.829 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-13T12:56:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-13T07:56:49Z", "ms": 1302681409128.829 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 04:37 on Tue 12 Apr to 03:09 on Wed 13 Apr.", "fact": "2011-04-11T23:37:26Z → 2011-04-12T22:08:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 12th, 12:09–12:57 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27098 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāma Navamī, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 12 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rama-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Ramanavami (madhyahnavyapini, special with Punarvasu naks.), Rama jayanti." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special when it falls with Punarvasu nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Rāma Navamī 2011 falls on Tuesday 12 April. Navamī runs from 04:37 on Tue 12 Apr to 03:09 on Wed 13 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/rama-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vaishakhi", "festival": "vaishakhi", "name": "Vaiśākhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-04-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22709, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 0, "key": "mesha", "name": "Meṣa", "start": { "local": "2011-04-14T12:30:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-14T07:30:10Z", "ms": 1302766209974.1213 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-15T09:20:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-15T04:20:09Z", "ms": 1305433208686.5007 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2011-04-14T12:30:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-14T07:30:10Z", "ms": 1302766209974.1213 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-14T12:30:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-14T07:30:10Z", "ms": 1302766209974.1213 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-13T06:12:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-13T01:12:38Z", "ms": 1302657158371.6707 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-14T06:11:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-14T01:11:41Z", "ms": 1302743501425.956 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-14T06:11:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-14T01:11:41Z", "ms": 1302743501425.956 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-15T06:10:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-15T01:10:45Z", "ms": 1302829844982.392 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Meṣa at 12:30 on Thu 14 Apr.", "fact": "2011-04-14T07:30:10Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:13 on the 13th, and from 06:12 on the 14th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from sunrise. The transit falls on the 14th, not the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunrise → only-day · margin 22709 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaiśākhī, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 14 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "vaishakhi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Mesadi — Cadaka puja (Bengal), Bahag Bihu (Assam), Cheiraoba (Manipur), Visu (T. C. State), Vaisakhi (on the samkramana day commencing from sunrise)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The other names in the row (Cadaka puja, Bahag Bihu, Cheiraoba, Visu) are regional observances and wait with the regional rows.", "rashi": "Meṣa", "day_from": "sunrise" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2011-04-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "2011-04-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vaiśākhī 2011 falls on Thursday 14 April. The Sun enters Meṣa at 12:30 on Thu 14 Apr, and the rule counts the day from sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vaishakhi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-04-14", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-04-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18807, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-04-14T00:58:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-13T19:58:14Z", "ms": 1302724694390.9644 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-14T22:10:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-14T17:10:58Z", "ms": 1302801058342.8435 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-04-14T00:58:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-13T19:58:14Z", "ms": 1302724694390.9644 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-14T22:10:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-14T17:10:58Z", "ms": 1302801058342.8435 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-14T06:11:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-14T01:11:41Z", "ms": 1302743501425.956 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-14T06:11:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-14T01:11:41Z", "ms": 1302743501425.956 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-15T06:10:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-15T01:10:45Z", "ms": 1302829844982.392 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-15T06:10:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-15T01:10:45Z", "ms": 1302829844982.392 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:58 on Thu 14 Apr to 22:11 on Thu 14 Apr.", "fact": "2011-04-13T19:58:14Z → 2011-04-14T17:10:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:12 on the 14th and 06:11 on the 15th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 14th and is not on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18807 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 14 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kāmadā Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Thursday 14 April. Ekādaśī runs from 00:58 on Thu 14 Apr to 22:11 on Thu 14 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-04-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-04-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-04-15", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 22, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-04-15T18:54:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-15T13:54:15Z", "ms": 1302875654829.5947 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-16T15:17:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-16T10:17:12Z", "ms": 1302949031703.7878 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-04-15T18:54:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-15T13:54:15Z", "ms": 1302875654829.5947 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-16T15:17:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-16T10:17:12Z", "ms": 1302949031703.7878 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-15T18:53:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-15T13:53:53Z", "ms": 1302875633069.3467 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-15T20:24:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-15T15:24:01Z", "ms": 1302881040535.7756 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-16T18:54:20+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-16T13:54:20Z", "ms": 1302962059857.3794 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-16T20:24:16+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-16T15:24:16Z", "ms": 1302967456370.896 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 18:54 on Fri 15 Apr to 15:17 on Sat 16 Apr.", "fact": "2011-04-15T13:54:15Z → 2011-04-16T10:17:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:54–20:24 on the 15th, 18:54–20:24 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 90 of 90 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 90 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Friday 15 April.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-15", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-15", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Friday 15 April. Trayodaśī runs from 18:54 on Fri 15 Apr to 15:17 on Sat 16 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It is 0 min 22 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-04-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ananga-trayodashi", "festival": "ananga-trayodashi", "name": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-04-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8467, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-04-15T18:54:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-15T13:54:15Z", "ms": 1302875654829.5947 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-16T15:17:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-16T10:17:12Z", "ms": 1302949031703.7878 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-04-15T18:54:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-15T13:54:15Z", "ms": 1302875654829.5947 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-16T15:17:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-16T10:17:12Z", "ms": 1302949031703.7878 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-15T12:08:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-15T07:08:19Z", "ms": 1302851299025.8694 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-15T12:56:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-15T07:56:19Z", "ms": 1302854179025.8694 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-16T12:08:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-16T07:08:04Z", "ms": 1302937684462.4717 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-16T12:56:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-16T07:56:04Z", "ms": 1302940564462.4717 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 18:54 on Fri 15 Apr to 15:17 on Sat 16 Apr.", "fact": "2011-04-15T13:54:15Z → 2011-04-16T10:17:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 15th, 12:08–12:56 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 8467 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 16 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananga-trayodashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 13 Ananga trayodasi (purvaviddha), Mahavira jayanti (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Anaṅga Trayodaśī 2011 falls on Saturday 16 April. Trayodaśī runs from 18:54 on Fri 15 Apr to 15:17 on Sat 16 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ananga-trayodashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "festival": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "name": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-04-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2263, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-04-16T15:17:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-16T10:17:12Z", "ms": 1302949031703.7878 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-17T11:30:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-17T06:30:08Z", "ms": 1303021807615.5854 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-04-16T15:17:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-16T10:17:12Z", "ms": 1302949031703.7878 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-17T11:30:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-17T06:30:08Z", "ms": 1303021807615.5854 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-16T12:08:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-16T07:08:04Z", "ms": 1302937684462.4717 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-16T12:56:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-16T07:56:04Z", "ms": 1302940564462.4717 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-04-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-17T12:07:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-17T07:07:50Z", "ms": 1303024070250.0151 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-17T12:55:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-17T07:55:50Z", "ms": 1303026950250.0151 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 15:17 on Sat 16 Apr to 11:30 on Sun 17 Apr.", "fact": "2011-04-16T10:17:12Z → 2011-04-17T06:30:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 16th, 12:08–12:56 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → second-day · margin 2263 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 17 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Madanabhanji, (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Sivadamanaka caturdasi, Visnudamanaka caturdasi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī 2011 falls on Sunday 17 April. Caturdaśī runs from 15:17 on Sat 16 Apr to 11:30 on Sun 17 Apr, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/chaitri-purnima", "festival": "chaitri-purnima", "name": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-04-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2263, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2011-04-17T11:30:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-17T06:30:08Z", "ms": 1303021807615.5854 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-18T07:43:59+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-18T02:43:59Z", "ms": 1303094639359.1416 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-04-17T11:30:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-17T06:30:08Z", "ms": 1303021807615.5854 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-18T07:43:59+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-18T02:43:59Z", "ms": 1303094639359.1416 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-17T12:07:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-17T07:07:50Z", "ms": 1303024070250.0151 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-17T12:55:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-17T07:55:50Z", "ms": 1303026950250.0151 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-04-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-18T12:07:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-18T07:07:36Z", "ms": 1303110456408.2002 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-18T12:55:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-18T07:55:36Z", "ms": 1303113336408.2002 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 11:30 on Sun 17 Apr to 07:44 on Mon 18 Apr.", "fact": "2011-04-17T06:30:08Z → 2011-04-18T02:43:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 17th, 12:08–12:56 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2263 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 17 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chaitri-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Caitri purnima (paraviddha), Hanumat jayanti, Oli ending (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Caitrī Pūrṇimā 2011 falls on Sunday 17 April. Pūrṇimā runs from 11:30 on Sun 17 Apr to 07:44 on Mon 18 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/chaitri-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-04-20", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-04-20", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2354, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-04-20T22:19:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-20T17:19:47Z", "ms": 1303319986563.0068 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-21T20:21:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-21T15:21:54Z", "ms": 1303399314338.6655 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-04-20T22:19:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-20T17:19:47Z", "ms": 1303319986563.0068 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-21T20:21:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-21T15:21:54Z", "ms": 1303399314338.6655 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-20T21:40:33+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-20T16:40:33Z", "ms": 1303317632986.5063 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-20T21:40:33+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-20T16:40:33Z", "ms": 1303317632986.5063 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-21T22:41:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-21T17:41:28Z", "ms": 1303407688376.9302 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-21T22:41:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-21T17:41:28Z", "ms": 1303407688376.9302 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:20 on Wed 20 Apr to 20:22 on Thu 21 Apr.", "fact": "2011-04-20T17:19:47Z → 2011-04-21T15:21:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:41 on the 20th and 22:41 on the 21st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 2354 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 20 April.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-20", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-20", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2011 falls on Wednesday 20 April. Caturthī runs from 22:20 on Wed 20 Apr to 20:22 on Thu 21 Apr, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-04-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-04-28", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-04-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11325, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-04-28T00:24:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-27T19:24:55Z", "ms": 1303932295403.008 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-29T02:49:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-28T21:49:58Z", "ms": 1304027398045.589 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-04-28T00:24:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-27T19:24:55Z", "ms": 1303932295403.008 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-29T02:49:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-28T21:49:58Z", "ms": 1304027398045.589 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-28T05:59:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-28T00:59:29Z", "ms": 1303952369247.0916 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-28T05:59:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-28T00:59:29Z", "ms": 1303952369247.0916 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-04-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-29T05:58:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-29T00:58:43Z", "ms": 1304038722623.4346 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-29T05:58:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-29T00:58:43Z", "ms": 1304038722623.4346 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:25 on Thu 28 Apr to 02:50 on Fri 29 Apr.", "fact": "2011-04-27T19:24:55Z → 2011-04-28T21:49:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:59 on the 28th and 05:59 on the 29th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 28th and is not on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11325 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 28 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Varūthinī Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Thursday 28 April. Ekādaśī runs from 00:25 on Thu 28 Apr to 02:50 on Fri 29 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-04-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-04-30", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-04-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31824, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-04-30T05:18:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-30T00:18:28Z", "ms": 1304122708199.6836 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-01T07:41:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-01T02:41:58Z", "ms": 1304217718031.1763 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-04-30T05:18:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-30T00:18:28Z", "ms": 1304122708199.6836 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-01T07:41:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-01T02:41:58Z", "ms": 1304217718031.1763 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-29T19:00:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-29T14:00:24Z", "ms": 1304085624180.2148 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-29T20:28:05+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-29T15:28:05Z", "ms": 1304090884539.631 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 88, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-04-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-04-30T19:00:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-30T14:00:54Z", "ms": 1304172053526.7693 }, "end": { "local": "2011-04-30T20:28:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-30T15:28:24Z", "ms": 1304177303992.9424 } }, "covered_min": 88, "window_min": 88, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:18 on Sat 30 Apr to 07:42 on Sun 1 May.", "fact": "2011-04-30T00:18:28Z → 2011-05-01T02:41:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:00–20:28 on the 29th, 19:01–20:28 on the 30th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 88 minutes on the 29th and 88 of 88 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31824 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 30 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-04-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Saturday 30 April. Trayodaśī runs from 05:18 on Sat 30 Apr to 07:42 on Sun 1 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-04-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-05-01", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-05-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24535, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-05-01T07:41:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-01T02:41:58Z", "ms": 1304217718031.1763 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-02T09:54:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-02T04:54:10Z", "ms": 1304312050309.2002 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-05-01T07:41:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-01T02:41:58Z", "ms": 1304217718031.1763 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-02T09:54:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-02T04:54:10Z", "ms": 1304312050309.2002 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-04-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-01T00:05:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-30T19:05:03Z", "ms": 1304190302774.9185 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-01T00:53:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-04-30T19:53:03Z", "ms": 1304193182774.9185 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-02T00:04:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-01T19:04:56Z", "ms": 1304276695563.8584 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-02T00:52:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-01T19:52:56Z", "ms": 1304279575563.8584 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 07:42 on Sun 1 May to 09:54 on Mon 2 May.", "fact": "2011-05-01T02:41:58Z → 2011-05-02T04:54:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:05–00:53 on the 30th, 00:05–00:53 on the 1st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24535 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 1 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śivarātri 2011 falls on Sunday 1 May. Caturdaśī runs from 07:42 on Sun 1 May to 09:54 on Mon 2 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-05-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/parashurama-jayanti", "festival": "parashurama-jayanti", "name": "Paraśurāma Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-05-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12389, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2011-05-05T14:44:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-05T09:44:49Z", "ms": 1304588689034.3354 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-06T15:37:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-06T10:37:23Z", "ms": 1304678243484.1655 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-05-05T14:44:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-05T09:44:49Z", "ms": 1304588689034.3354 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-06T15:37:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-06T10:37:23Z", "ms": 1304678243484.1655 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-05T19:03:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-05T14:03:23Z", "ms": 1304604202640.2327 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-05T20:30:05+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-05T15:30:05Z", "ms": 1304609405192.699 } }, "covered_min": 87, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-06T19:03:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-06T14:03:53Z", "ms": 1304690632862.9282 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-06T20:30:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-06T15:30:26Z", "ms": 1304695826168.0605 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 14:45 on Thu 5 May to 15:37 on Fri 6 May.", "fact": "2011-05-05T09:44:49Z → 2011-05-06T10:37:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:03–20:30 on the 5th, 19:04–20:30 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 87 of 87 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 87 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12389 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Jayantī, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 5 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Paraśurāma Jayantī 2011 falls on Thursday 5 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 14:45 on Thu 5 May to 15:37 on Fri 6 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/parashurama-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/akshaya-tritiya", "festival": "akshaya-tritiya", "name": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-05-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16047, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2011-05-05T14:44:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-05T09:44:49Z", "ms": 1304588689034.3354 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-06T15:37:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-06T10:37:23Z", "ms": 1304678243484.1655 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-05-05T14:44:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-05T09:44:49Z", "ms": 1304588689034.3354 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-06T15:37:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-06T10:37:23Z", "ms": 1304678243484.1655 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-05T05:54:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-05T00:54:22Z", "ms": 1304556861907.9478 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-05T10:17:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-05T05:17:22Z", "ms": 1304572642152.0427 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 263, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-06T05:53:42+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-06T00:53:42Z", "ms": 1304643221783.7297 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-06T10:17:05+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-06T05:17:05Z", "ms": 1304659025476.796 } }, "covered_min": 263, "window_min": 263, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 14:45 on Thu 5 May to 15:37 on Fri 6 May.", "fact": "2011-05-05T09:44:49Z → 2011-05-06T10:37:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:54–10:17 on the 5th, 05:54–10:17 on the 6th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 263 minutes on the 5th and 263 of 263 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16047 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā, Karachi, 2011: Friday 6 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Rohiṇī nakṣatra and a Wednesday; neither is tested.", "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Akṣaya Tṛtīyā 2011 falls on Friday 6 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 14:45 on Thu 5 May to 15:37 on Fri 6 May and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/akshaya-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-05-07", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-05-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9876, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-05-06T15:37:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-06T10:37:23Z", "ms": 1304678243484.1655 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-07T16:03:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-07T11:03:30Z", "ms": 1304766209829.289 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-05-06T15:37:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-06T10:37:23Z", "ms": 1304678243484.1655 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-07T16:03:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-07T11:03:30Z", "ms": 1304766209829.289 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-06T12:04:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-06T07:04:47Z", "ms": 1304665487323.329 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-06T12:52:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-06T07:52:47Z", "ms": 1304668367323.329 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-07T12:04:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-07T07:04:43Z", "ms": 1304751882920.1172 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-07T12:52:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-07T07:52:43Z", "ms": 1304754762920.1172 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:37 on Fri 6 May to 16:03 on Sat 7 May.", "fact": "2011-05-06T10:37:23Z → 2011-05-07T11:03:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:05–12:53 on the 6th, 12:05–12:53 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9876 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 7 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vināyaka Caturthī 2011 falls on Saturday 7 May. Caturthī runs from 15:37 on Fri 6 May to 16:03 on Sat 7 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-05-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shankara-jayanti", "festival": "shankara-jayanti", "name": "Śaṅkara Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-05-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11268, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2011-05-07T16:03:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-07T11:03:30Z", "ms": 1304766209829.289 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-08T16:00:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-08T11:00:28Z", "ms": 1304852427521.459 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-05-07T16:03:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-07T11:03:30Z", "ms": 1304766209829.289 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-08T16:00:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-08T11:00:28Z", "ms": 1304852427521.459 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-07T12:04:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-07T07:04:43Z", "ms": 1304751882920.1172 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-07T12:52:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-07T07:52:43Z", "ms": 1304754762920.1172 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-08T12:04:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-08T07:04:39Z", "ms": 1304838279064.377 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-08T12:52:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-08T07:52:39Z", "ms": 1304841159064.377 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 16:03 on Sat 7 May to 16:00 on Sun 8 May.", "fact": "2011-05-07T11:03:30Z → 2011-05-08T11:00:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:05–12:53 on the 7th, 12:05–12:53 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11268 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śaṅkara Jayantī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 8 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shankara-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sankara jayanti." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śaṅkara Jayantī 2011 falls on Sunday 8 May. Pañcamī runs from 16:03 on Sat 7 May to 16:00 on Sun 8 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shankara-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/gangotpatti", "festival": "gangotpatti", "name": "Gaṅgotpatti", "everyday": "Ganga Saptami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-05-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5175, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2011-05-09T15:26:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-09T10:26:00Z", "ms": 1304936759887.3103 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-10T14:18:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-10T09:18:48Z", "ms": 1305019127997.0613 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-05-09T15:26:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-09T10:26:00Z", "ms": 1304936759887.3103 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-10T14:18:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-10T09:18:48Z", "ms": 1305019127997.0613 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-09T12:04:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-09T07:04:36Z", "ms": 1304924675755.729 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-09T12:52:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-09T07:52:36Z", "ms": 1304927555755.729 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-10T12:04:33+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-10T07:04:33Z", "ms": 1305011072993.691 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-10T12:52:33+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-10T07:52:33Z", "ms": 1305013952993.691 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 15:26 on Mon 9 May to 14:19 on Tue 10 May.", "fact": "2011-05-09T10:26:00Z → 2011-05-10T09:18:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:05–12:53 on the 9th, 12:05–12:53 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 5175 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṅgotpatti, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 10 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gangotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 2011 falls on Tuesday 10 May. Saptamī runs from 15:26 on Mon 9 May to 14:19 on Tue 10 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/gangotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-05-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mohinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-05-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3318, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-05-13T07:51:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-13T02:51:41Z", "ms": 1305255100907.7048 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-14T04:53:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-13T23:53:40Z", "ms": 1305330820009.2146 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-05-13T07:51:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-13T02:51:41Z", "ms": 1305255100907.7048 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-14T04:53:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-13T23:53:40Z", "ms": 1305330820009.2146 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-05-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-13T05:49:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-13T00:49:29Z", "ms": 1305247769483.1975 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-13T05:49:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-13T00:49:29Z", "ms": 1305247769483.1975 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-14T05:48:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-14T00:48:58Z", "ms": 1305334137693.5044 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-14T05:48:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-14T00:48:58Z", "ms": 1305334137693.5044 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 07:52 on Fri 13 May to 04:54 on Sat 14 May.", "fact": "2011-05-13T02:51:41Z → 2011-05-13T23:53:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:49 on the 13th and 05:49 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 13th and is not on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 3318 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mohinī Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Friday 13 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Mohinī Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Friday 13 May. Ekādaśī runs from 07:52 on Fri 13 May to 04:54 on Sat 14 May, and is current at sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-05-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/parashurama-dvadashi", "festival": "parashurama-dvadashi", "name": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-05-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25847, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-05-14T04:53:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-13T23:53:40Z", "ms": 1305330820009.2146 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-15T01:41:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-14T20:41:48Z", "ms": 1305405707612.5857 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-05-14T04:53:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-13T23:53:40Z", "ms": 1305330820009.2146 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-15T01:41:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-14T20:41:48Z", "ms": 1305405707612.5857 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-14T12:04:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-14T07:04:27Z", "ms": 1305356667410.0842 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-14T12:52:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-14T07:52:27Z", "ms": 1305359547410.0842 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-15T12:04:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-15T07:04:27Z", "ms": 1305443067383.9724 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-15T12:52:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-15T07:52:27Z", "ms": 1305445947383.9724 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 04:54 on Sat 14 May to 01:42 on Sun 15 May.", "fact": "2011-05-13T23:53:40Z → 2011-05-14T20:41:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:04–12:52 on the 14th, 12:04–12:52 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 25847 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 14 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Paraśurāma Dvādaśī 2011 falls on Saturday 14 May. Dvādaśī runs from 04:54 on Sat 14 May to 01:42 on Sun 15 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/parashurama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/rukmini-dvadashi", "festival": "rukmini-dvadashi", "name": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-05-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25847, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-05-14T04:53:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-13T23:53:40Z", "ms": 1305330820009.2146 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-15T01:41:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-14T20:41:48Z", "ms": 1305405707612.5857 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-05-14T04:53:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-13T23:53:40Z", "ms": 1305330820009.2146 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-15T01:41:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-14T20:41:48Z", "ms": 1305405707612.5857 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-14T12:04:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-14T07:04:27Z", "ms": 1305356667410.0842 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-14T12:52:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-14T07:52:27Z", "ms": 1305359547410.0842 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-15T12:04:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-15T07:04:27Z", "ms": 1305443067383.9724 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-15T12:52:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-15T07:52:27Z", "ms": 1305445947383.9724 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 04:54 on Sat 14 May to 01:42 on Sun 15 May.", "fact": "2011-05-13T23:53:40Z → 2011-05-14T20:41:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:04–12:52 on the 14th, 12:04–12:52 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 25847 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 14 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rukmini-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī 2011 falls on Saturday 14 May. Dvādaśī runs from 04:54 on Sat 14 May to 01:42 on Sun 15 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/rukmini-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-05-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-05-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6635, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-05-15T01:41:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-14T20:41:48Z", "ms": 1305405707612.5857 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-15T22:24:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-15T17:24:19Z", "ms": 1305480258557.4377 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-05-15T01:41:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-14T20:41:48Z", "ms": 1305405707612.5857 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-15T22:24:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-15T17:24:19Z", "ms": 1305480258557.4377 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-14T19:07:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-14T14:07:57Z", "ms": 1305382077126.664 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-14T20:33:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-14T15:33:21Z", "ms": 1305387201111.3438 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-15T19:08:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-15T14:08:28Z", "ms": 1305468507756.1836 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-15T20:33:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-15T15:33:44Z", "ms": 1305473623715.8274 } }, "covered_min": 85, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 01:42 on Sun 15 May to 22:24 on Sun 15 May.", "fact": "2011-05-14T20:41:48Z → 2011-05-15T17:24:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:08–20:33 on the 14th, 19:08–20:34 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 85 minutes on the 14th and 85 of 85 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6635 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 15 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Sunday 15 May. Trayodaśī runs from 01:42 on Sun 15 May to 22:24 on Sun 15 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-05-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "festival": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "name": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Narasimha Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-05-16", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 72, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-05-15T22:24:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-15T17:24:19Z", "ms": 1305480258557.4377 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-16T19:10:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-16T14:10:10Z", "ms": 1305555010265.6323 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-05-15T22:24:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-15T17:24:19Z", "ms": 1305480258557.4377 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-16T19:10:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-16T14:10:10Z", "ms": 1305555010265.6323 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-15T19:08:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-15T14:08:28Z", "ms": 1305468507756.1836 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-15T20:33:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-15T15:33:44Z", "ms": 1305473623715.8274 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-16T19:08:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-16T14:08:58Z", "ms": 1305554938363.96 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-16T20:34:06+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-16T15:34:06Z", "ms": 1305560046453.3442 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:24 on Sun 15 May to 19:10 on Mon 16 May.", "fact": "2011-05-15T17:24:19Z → 2011-05-16T14:10:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:08–20:34 on the 15th, 19:09–20:34 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 85 minutes on the 15th and 1 of 85 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 72 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī, Karachi, 2011: Monday 16 May.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Nrsimha caturdasi (pradosa vyapini — if it occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed, special when combined with naksatra 'Svati', yoga 'Siddhi' and 'Saturday')." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Svātī nakṣatra, Siddhi yoga and a Saturday; none is tested.", "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-16", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-16", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī (Narasimha Jayanti) 2011 falls on Monday 16 May. Caturdaśī runs from 22:24 on Sun 15 May to 19:10 on Mon 16 May and covers 1 of 85 minutes of pradoṣa that evening. It is 1 min 12 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/buddha-purnima", "festival": "buddha-purnima", "name": "Buddha Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-05-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11770, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2011-05-16T19:10:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-16T14:10:10Z", "ms": 1305555010265.6323 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-17T16:08:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-17T11:08:39Z", "ms": 1305630518594.9841 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-05-16T19:10:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-16T14:10:10Z", "ms": 1305555010265.6323 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-17T16:08:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-17T11:08:39Z", "ms": 1305630518594.9841 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-16T12:04:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-16T07:04:28Z", "ms": 1305529467908.7363 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-16T12:52:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-16T07:52:28Z", "ms": 1305532347908.7363 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-17T12:04:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-17T07:04:29Z", "ms": 1305615868985.9348 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-17T12:52:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-17T07:52:29Z", "ms": 1305618748985.9348 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 19:10 on Mon 16 May to 16:09 on Tue 17 May.", "fact": "2011-05-16T14:10:10Z → 2011-05-17T11:08:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:04–12:52 on the 16th, 12:04–12:52 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11770 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Buddha Pūrṇimā, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 17 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "buddha-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Buddha Pūrṇimā 2011 falls on Tuesday 17 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 19:10 on Mon 16 May to 16:09 on Tue 17 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/buddha-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/sampat-gauri-vrata", "festival": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "name": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-05-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11770, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2011-05-16T19:10:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-16T14:10:10Z", "ms": 1305555010265.6323 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-17T16:08:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-17T11:08:39Z", "ms": 1305630518594.9841 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-05-16T19:10:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-16T14:10:10Z", "ms": 1305555010265.6323 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-17T16:08:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-17T11:08:39Z", "ms": 1305630518594.9841 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-16T12:04:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-16T07:04:28Z", "ms": 1305529467908.7363 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-16T12:52:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-16T07:52:28Z", "ms": 1305532347908.7363 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-17T12:04:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-17T07:04:29Z", "ms": 1305615868985.9348 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-17T12:52:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-17T07:52:29Z", "ms": 1305618748985.9348 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 19:10 on Mon 16 May to 16:09 on Tue 17 May.", "fact": "2011-05-16T14:10:10Z → 2011-05-17T11:08:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:04–12:52 on the 16th, 12:04–12:52 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11770 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 17 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Sampat Gaurī Vrata 2011 falls on Tuesday 17 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 19:10 on Mon 16 May to 16:09 on Tue 17 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/sampat-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-05-20", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-05-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38641, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-05-20T09:47:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-20T04:47:27Z", "ms": 1305866847098.3247 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-21T08:58:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-21T03:58:30Z", "ms": 1305950309697.5327 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-05-20T09:47:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-20T04:47:27Z", "ms": 1305866847098.3247 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-21T08:58:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-21T03:58:30Z", "ms": 1305950309697.5327 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-19T21:21:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-19T16:21:57Z", "ms": 1305822117256.8508 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-19T21:21:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-19T16:21:57Z", "ms": 1305822117256.8508 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-20T22:14:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-20T17:14:28Z", "ms": 1305911668392.861 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-20T22:14:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-20T17:14:28Z", "ms": 1305911668392.861 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:47 on Fri 20 May to 08:58 on Sat 21 May.", "fact": "2011-05-20T04:47:27Z → 2011-05-21T03:58:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:22 on the 19th and 22:14 on the 20th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 38641 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Friday 20 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2011 falls on Friday 20 May. Caturthī runs from 09:47 on Fri 20 May to 08:58 on Sat 21 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-05-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-05-28", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Aparā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-05-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35455, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-05-27T17:31:34+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-27T12:31:34Z", "ms": 1306499493675.4692 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-28T19:52:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-28T14:52:26Z", "ms": 1306594346449.481 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-05-27T17:31:34+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-27T12:31:34Z", "ms": 1306499493675.4692 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-28T19:52:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-28T14:52:26Z", "ms": 1306594346449.481 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-05-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-28T05:43:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-28T00:43:35Z", "ms": 1306543415232.2998 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-28T05:43:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-28T00:43:35Z", "ms": 1306543415232.2998 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-05-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-29T05:43:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-29T00:43:21Z", "ms": 1306629801339.6133 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-29T05:43:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-29T00:43:21Z", "ms": 1306629801339.6133 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 17:32 on Fri 27 May to 19:52 on Sat 28 May.", "fact": "2011-05-27T12:31:34Z → 2011-05-28T14:52:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:44 on the 28th and 05:43 on the 29th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 28th and is not on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35455 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aparā Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 28 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Aparā Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Saturday 28 May. Ekādaśī runs from 17:32 on Fri 27 May to 19:52 on Sat 28 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-05-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-05-30", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-05-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4860, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-05-29T22:00:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-29T17:00:09Z", "ms": 1306688408603.2317 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-30T23:47:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-30T18:47:10Z", "ms": 1306781229888.6086 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-05-29T22:00:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-29T17:00:09Z", "ms": 1306688408603.2317 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-30T23:47:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-30T18:47:10Z", "ms": 1306781229888.6086 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-05-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-29T19:15:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-29T14:15:27Z", "ms": 1306678526663.5337 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-29T20:39:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-29T15:39:08Z", "ms": 1306683548266.0146 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-05-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-30T19:15:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-30T14:15:55Z", "ms": 1306764955003.2068 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-30T20:39:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-30T15:39:31Z", "ms": 1306769971303.588 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:00 on Sun 29 May to 23:47 on Mon 30 May.", "fact": "2011-05-29T17:00:09Z → 2011-05-30T18:47:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:15–20:39 on the 29th, 19:16–20:40 on the 30th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 84 minutes on the 29th and 84 of 84 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4860 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Monday 30 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Monday 30 May. Trayodaśī runs from 22:00 on Sun 29 May to 23:47 on Mon 30 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-05-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-05-30", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-05-30", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 911, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-05-30T23:47:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-30T18:47:10Z", "ms": 1306781229888.6086 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-01T01:08:46+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-31T20:08:46Z", "ms": 1306872525885.6765 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-05-30T23:47:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-30T18:47:10Z", "ms": 1306781229888.6086 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-01T01:08:46+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-31T20:08:46Z", "ms": 1306872525885.6765 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-05-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-05-31T00:05:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-30T19:05:26Z", "ms": 1306782326129.6362 }, "end": { "local": "2011-05-31T00:53:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-30T19:53:26Z", "ms": 1306785206129.6362 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-05-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-01T00:05:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-31T19:05:35Z", "ms": 1306868735021.4316 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-01T00:53:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-05-31T19:53:35Z", "ms": 1306871615021.4316 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 23:47 on Mon 30 May to 01:09 on Wed 1 Jun.", "fact": "2011-05-30T18:47:10Z → 2011-05-31T20:08:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:05–00:53 on the 30th, 00:06–00:54 on the 31st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both nights qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 911 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Karachi, 2011: Monday 30 May.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-30", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-05-30", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śivarātri 2011 falls on Monday 30 May. Caturdaśī runs from 23:47 on Mon 30 May to 01:09 on Wed 1 Jun and covers all of niśītha that night. It also reaches the next night for 48 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-05-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/rambha-tritiya", "festival": "rambha-tritiya", "name": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-06-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34811, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2011-06-04T02:26:06+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-03T21:26:06Z", "ms": 1307136365968.9023 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-05T01:57:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-04T20:57:39Z", "ms": 1307221059407.4685 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-06-04T02:26:06+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-03T21:26:06Z", "ms": 1307136365968.9023 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-05T01:57:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-04T20:57:39Z", "ms": 1307221059407.4685 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-06-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-04T12:06:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-04T07:06:17Z", "ms": 1307171177225.8816 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-04T12:54:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-04T07:54:17Z", "ms": 1307174057225.8816 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-06-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-05T12:06:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-05T07:06:27Z", "ms": 1307257587394.2458 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-05T12:54:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-05T07:54:27Z", "ms": 1307260467394.2458 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 02:26 on Sat 4 Jun to 01:58 on Sun 5 Jun.", "fact": "2011-06-03T21:26:06Z → 2011-06-04T20:57:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:06–12:54 on the 4th, 12:06–12:54 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 34811 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 4 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rambha-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Rambha trtiya (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Rambhā Tṛtīyā 2011 falls on Saturday 4 June. Tṛtīyā runs from 02:26 on Sat 4 Jun to 01:58 on Sun 5 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/rambha-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-06-05", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-06-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36528, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-06-05T01:57:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-04T20:57:39Z", "ms": 1307221059407.4685 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-06T01:04:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-05T20:04:27Z", "ms": 1307304266710.7407 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-06-05T01:57:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-04T20:57:39Z", "ms": 1307221059407.4685 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-06T01:04:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-05T20:04:27Z", "ms": 1307304266710.7407 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-06-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-05T12:06:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-05T07:06:27Z", "ms": 1307257587394.2458 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-05T12:54:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-05T07:54:27Z", "ms": 1307260467394.2458 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-06T12:06:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-06T07:06:38Z", "ms": 1307343997875.1648 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-06T12:54:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-06T07:54:38Z", "ms": 1307346877875.1648 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:58 on Sun 5 Jun to 01:04 on Mon 6 Jun.", "fact": "2011-06-04T20:57:39Z → 2011-06-05T20:04:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:06–12:54 on the 5th, 12:07–12:55 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36528 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 5 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vināyaka Caturthī 2011 falls on Sunday 5 June. Caturthī runs from 01:58 on Sun 5 Jun to 01:04 on Mon 6 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-06-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/aranya-gauri-vrata", "festival": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "name": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-06-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33368, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2011-06-06T23:48:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-06T18:48:14Z", "ms": 1307386093626.4216 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-07T22:10:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-07T17:10:57Z", "ms": 1307466656833.3794 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-06-06T23:48:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-06T18:48:14Z", "ms": 1307386093626.4216 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-07T22:10:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-07T17:10:57Z", "ms": 1307466656833.3794 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-06T12:06:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-06T07:06:38Z", "ms": 1307343997875.1648 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-06T12:54:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-06T07:54:38Z", "ms": 1307346877875.1648 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-07T12:06:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-07T07:06:49Z", "ms": 1307430408646.1533 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-07T12:54:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-07T07:54:49Z", "ms": 1307433288646.1533 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 23:48 on Mon 6 Jun to 22:11 on Tue 7 Jun.", "fact": "2011-06-06T18:48:14Z → 2011-06-07T17:10:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:07–12:55 on the 6th, 12:07–12:55 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33368 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 7 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Araṇya Gaurī Vrata 2011 falls on Tuesday 7 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 23:48 on Mon 6 Jun to 22:11 on Tue 7 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/aranya-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "festival": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-06-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33368, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2011-06-06T23:48:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-06T18:48:14Z", "ms": 1307386093626.4216 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-07T22:10:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-07T17:10:57Z", "ms": 1307466656833.3794 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-06-06T23:48:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-06T18:48:14Z", "ms": 1307386093626.4216 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-07T22:10:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-07T17:10:57Z", "ms": 1307466656833.3794 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-06T12:06:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-06T07:06:38Z", "ms": 1307343997875.1648 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-06T12:54:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-06T07:54:38Z", "ms": 1307346877875.1648 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-07T12:06:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-07T07:06:49Z", "ms": 1307430408646.1533 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-07T12:54:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-07T07:54:49Z", "ms": 1307433288646.1533 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 23:48 on Mon 6 Jun to 22:11 on Tue 7 Jun.", "fact": "2011-06-06T18:48:14Z → 2011-06-07T17:10:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:07–12:55 on the 6th, 12:07–12:55 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 33368 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha), Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 7 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha) 2011 falls on Tuesday 7 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 23:48 on Mon 6 Jun to 22:11 on Tue 7 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-06-12", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-06-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17042, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-06-11T13:03:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-11T08:03:56Z", "ms": 1307779435912.6304 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-12T10:26:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-12T05:26:15Z", "ms": 1307856374995.0981 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-06-11T13:03:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-11T08:03:56Z", "ms": 1307779435912.6304 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-12T10:26:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-12T05:26:15Z", "ms": 1307856374995.0981 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-06-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-11T05:42:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-11T00:42:10Z", "ms": 1307752930350.68 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-11T05:42:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-11T00:42:10Z", "ms": 1307752930350.68 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-06-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-12T05:42:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-12T00:42:13Z", "ms": 1307839332947.4229 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-12T05:42:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-12T00:42:13Z", "ms": 1307839332947.4229 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:04 on Sat 11 Jun to 10:26 on Sun 12 Jun.", "fact": "2011-06-11T08:03:56Z → 2011-06-12T05:26:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:42 on the 11th and 05:42 on the 12th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 11th and is on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17042 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 12 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Nirjalā Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Sunday 12 June. Ekādaśī runs from 13:04 on Sat 11 Jun to 10:26 on Sun 12 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-06-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shri-rama-dvadashi", "festival": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "name": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-06-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6091, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-06-12T10:26:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-12T05:26:15Z", "ms": 1307856374995.0981 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-13T07:50:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-13T02:50:07Z", "ms": 1307933406610.8296 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-06-12T10:26:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-12T05:26:15Z", "ms": 1307856374995.0981 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-13T07:50:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-13T02:50:07Z", "ms": 1307933406610.8296 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-06-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-12T12:07:46+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-12T07:07:46Z", "ms": 1307862466099.7578 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-12T12:55:46+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-12T07:55:46Z", "ms": 1307865346099.7578 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-06-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-13T12:07:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-13T07:07:58Z", "ms": 1307948878170.1802 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-13T12:55:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-13T07:55:58Z", "ms": 1307951758170.1802 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 10:26 on Sun 12 Jun to 07:50 on Mon 13 Jun.", "fact": "2011-06-12T05:26:15Z → 2011-06-13T02:50:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 12th, 12:08–12:56 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 6091 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 12 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Sri Rama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Campaka dvadasi (Orissa) (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī 2011 falls on Sunday 12 June. Dvādaśī runs from 10:26 on Sun 12 Jun to 07:50 on Mon 13 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shri-rama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-06-13", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-06-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31031, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-06-13T07:50:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-13T02:50:07Z", "ms": 1307933406610.8296 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-14T05:21:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-14T00:21:36Z", "ms": 1308010895986.0276 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-06-13T07:50:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-13T02:50:07Z", "ms": 1307933406610.8296 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-14T05:21:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-14T00:21:36Z", "ms": 1308010895986.0276 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-06-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-12T19:21:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-12T14:21:19Z", "ms": 1307888479252.093 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-12T20:44:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-12T15:44:07Z", "ms": 1307893446902.88 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-06-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-13T19:21:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-13T14:21:40Z", "ms": 1307974899707.3657 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-13T20:44:25+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-13T15:44:25Z", "ms": 1307979865265.6511 } }, "covered_min": 83, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 07:50 on Mon 13 Jun to 05:22 on Tue 14 Jun.", "fact": "2011-06-13T02:50:07Z → 2011-06-14T00:21:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:21–20:44 on the 12th, 19:22–20:44 on the 13th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 83 minutes on the 12th and 83 of 83 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31031 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Monday 13 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Monday 13 June. Trayodaśī runs from 07:50 on Mon 13 Jun to 05:22 on Tue 14 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-06-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vata-savitri-vrata", "festival": "vata-savitri-vrata", "name": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-06-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16115, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2011-06-15T03:07:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-14T22:07:13Z", "ms": 1308089232770.451 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-16T01:13:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-15T20:13:35Z", "ms": 1308168815122.272 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-06-15T03:07:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-14T22:07:13Z", "ms": 1308089232770.451 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-16T01:13:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-15T20:13:35Z", "ms": 1308168815122.272 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-06-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-14T19:21:59+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-14T14:21:59Z", "ms": 1308061319386.248 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-14T20:44:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-14T15:44:43Z", "ms": 1308066283097.3376 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-06-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-15T19:22:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-15T14:22:18Z", "ms": 1308147738266.023 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-15T20:45:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-15T15:45:00Z", "ms": 1308152700376.461 } }, "covered_min": 83, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 03:07 on Wed 15 Jun to 01:14 on Thu 16 Jun.", "fact": "2011-06-14T22:07:13Z → 2011-06-15T20:13:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:22–20:45 on the 14th, 19:22–20:45 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 83 minutes on the 14th and 83 of 83 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 16115 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 15 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vata-savitri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Vata-savitri vrata (Deccan) (pradosavyapini, purvaviddha), Snanayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata 2011 falls on Wednesday 15 June. Pūrṇimā runs from 03:07 on Wed 15 Jun to 01:14 on Thu 16 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vata-savitri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-06-19", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-06-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2766, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-06-18T22:37:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-18T17:37:07Z", "ms": 1308418627361.1555 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-19T23:00:06+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-19T18:00:06Z", "ms": 1308506406155.9658 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-06-18T22:37:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-18T17:37:07Z", "ms": 1308418627361.1555 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-19T23:00:06+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-19T18:00:06Z", "ms": 1308506406155.9658 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-06-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-18T21:35:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-18T16:35:10Z", "ms": 1308414910076.473 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-18T21:35:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-18T16:35:10Z", "ms": 1308414910076.473 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-06-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-19T22:14:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-19T17:14:00Z", "ms": 1308503639698.229 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-19T22:14:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-19T17:14:00Z", "ms": 1308503639698.229 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:37 on Sat 18 Jun to 23:00 on Sun 19 Jun.", "fact": "2011-06-18T17:37:07Z → 2011-06-19T18:00:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:35 on the 18th and 22:14 on the 19th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 18th and is on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2766 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 19 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2011 falls on Sunday 19 June. Caturthī runs from 22:37 on Sat 18 Jun to 23:00 on Sun 19 Jun and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-06-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-06-27", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Yoginī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-06-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17044, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-06-26T10:28:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-26T05:28:41Z", "ms": 1309066120990.1804 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-27T12:16:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-27T07:16:37Z", "ms": 1309158996894.015 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-06-26T10:28:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-26T05:28:41Z", "ms": 1309066120990.1804 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-27T12:16:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-27T07:16:37Z", "ms": 1309158996894.015 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-06-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-26T05:44:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-26T00:44:37Z", "ms": 1309049076885.2332 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-26T05:44:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-26T00:44:37Z", "ms": 1309049076885.2332 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-06-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-27T05:44:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-27T00:44:54Z", "ms": 1309135494095.3967 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-27T05:44:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-27T00:44:54Z", "ms": 1309135494095.3967 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:29 on Sun 26 Jun to 12:17 on Mon 27 Jun.", "fact": "2011-06-26T05:28:41Z → 2011-06-27T07:16:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:45 on the 26th and 05:45 on the 27th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 26th and is on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17044 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yoginī Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Monday 27 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Yoginī Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Monday 27 June. Ekādaśī runs from 10:29 on Sun 26 Jun to 12:17 on Mon 27 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-06-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-06-28", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-06-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18496, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-06-28T13:34:16+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-28T08:34:16Z", "ms": 1309250056126.4138 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-29T14:16:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-29T09:16:50Z", "ms": 1309339009901.5298 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-06-28T13:34:16+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-28T08:34:16Z", "ms": 1309250056126.4138 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-29T14:16:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-29T09:16:50Z", "ms": 1309339009901.5298 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-06-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-28T19:25:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-28T14:25:01Z", "ms": 1309271100718.0686 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-28T20:47:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-28T15:47:45Z", "ms": 1309276064737.417 } }, "covered_min": 83, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-06-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-29T19:25:06+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-29T14:25:06Z", "ms": 1309357506056.1692 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-29T20:47:52+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-29T15:47:52Z", "ms": 1309362471963.2603 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:34 on Tue 28 Jun to 14:17 on Wed 29 Jun.", "fact": "2011-06-28T08:34:16Z → 2011-06-29T09:16:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:25–20:48 on the 28th, 19:25–20:48 on the 29th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 83 of 83 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 83 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18496 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 28 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Tuesday 28 June. Trayodaśī runs from 13:34 on Tue 28 Jun to 14:17 on Wed 29 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-06-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-06-29", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-06-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35326, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-06-29T14:16:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-29T09:16:50Z", "ms": 1309339009901.5298 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-30T14:22:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-30T09:22:54Z", "ms": 1309425774275.9844 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-06-29T14:16:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-29T09:16:50Z", "ms": 1309339009901.5298 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-30T14:22:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-30T09:22:54Z", "ms": 1309425774275.9844 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-06-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-06-30T00:11:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-29T19:11:28Z", "ms": 1309374688207.7603 }, "end": { "local": "2011-06-30T00:59:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-29T19:59:28Z", "ms": 1309377568207.7603 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-06-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-01T00:11:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-30T19:11:40Z", "ms": 1309461100410.4492 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-01T00:59:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-06-30T19:59:40Z", "ms": 1309463980410.4492 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 14:17 on Wed 29 Jun to 14:23 on Thu 30 Jun.", "fact": "2011-06-29T09:16:50Z → 2011-06-30T09:22:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:11–00:59 on the 29th, 00:12–01:00 on the 30th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35326 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 29 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-06-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śivarātri 2011 falls on Wednesday 29 June. Caturdaśī runs from 14:17 on Wed 29 Jun to 14:23 on Thu 30 Jun and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-06-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/rathayatra", "festival": "rathayatra", "name": "Rathayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-07-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 389, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2011-07-02T12:53:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-02T07:53:24Z", "ms": 1309593204227.7778 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-03T11:26:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-03T06:26:10Z", "ms": 1309674369788.5508 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-07-02T12:53:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-02T07:53:24Z", "ms": 1309593204227.7778 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-03T11:26:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-03T06:26:10Z", "ms": 1309674369788.5508 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-07-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-02T12:11:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-02T07:11:53Z", "ms": 1309590713320.3208 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-02T12:59:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-02T07:59:53Z", "ms": 1309593593320.3208 } }, "covered_min": 6, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-07-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-03T12:12:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-03T07:12:04Z", "ms": 1309677124422.105 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-03T13:00:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-03T08:00:04Z", "ms": 1309680004422.105 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 12:53 on Sat 2 Jul to 11:26 on Sun 3 Jul.", "fact": "2011-07-02T07:53:24Z → 2011-07-03T06:26:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 2nd, 12:12–13:00 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 6 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 389 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rathayātrā, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 2 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rathayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Rathayatra (paraviddha, special when combined with naksatra 'Pusya')" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Puṣya nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Rathayātrā 2011 falls on Saturday 2 July. Dvitīyā runs from 12:53 on Sat 2 Jul to 11:26 on Sun 3 Jul and covers 6 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/rathayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-07-04", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-07-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9274, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-07-04T09:37:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-04T04:37:41Z", "ms": 1309754261027.502 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-05T07:33:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-05T02:33:35Z", "ms": 1309833215281.1597 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-07-04T09:37:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-04T04:37:41Z", "ms": 1309754261027.502 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-05T07:33:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-05T02:33:35Z", "ms": 1309833215281.1597 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-07-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-04T12:12:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-04T07:12:15Z", "ms": 1309763535221.7847 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-04T13:00:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-04T08:00:15Z", "ms": 1309766415221.7847 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-07-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-05T12:12:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-05T07:12:26Z", "ms": 1309849945694.749 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-05T13:00:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-05T08:00:26Z", "ms": 1309852825694.749 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:38 on Mon 4 Jul to 07:34 on Tue 5 Jul.", "fact": "2011-07-04T04:37:41Z → 2011-07-05T02:33:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 4th, 12:12–13:00 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9274 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Monday 4 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vināyaka Caturthī 2011 falls on Monday 4 July. Caturthī runs from 09:38 on Mon 4 Jul to 07:34 on Tue 5 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-07-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/skanda-panchami", "festival": "skanda-panchami", "name": "Skanda Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-07-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16730, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2011-07-05T07:33:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-05T02:33:35Z", "ms": 1309833215281.1597 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-06T05:19:16+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-06T00:19:16Z", "ms": 1309911555782.2637 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-07-05T07:33:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-05T02:33:35Z", "ms": 1309833215281.1597 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-06T05:19:16+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-06T00:19:16Z", "ms": 1309911555782.2637 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-07-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-05T12:12:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-05T07:12:26Z", "ms": 1309849945694.749 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-05T13:00:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-05T08:00:26Z", "ms": 1309852825694.749 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-07-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-06T12:12:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-06T07:12:36Z", "ms": 1309936355817.4458 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-06T13:00:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-06T08:00:36Z", "ms": 1309939235817.4458 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 07:34 on Tue 5 Jul to 05:19 on Wed 6 Jul.", "fact": "2011-07-05T02:33:35Z → 2011-07-06T00:19:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 5th, 12:13–13:01 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16730 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Pañcamī, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 5 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Skanda pancami (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Skanda Pañcamī 2011 falls on Tuesday 5 July. Pañcamī runs from 07:34 on Tue 5 Jul to 05:19 on Wed 6 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/skanda-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vivasvat-saptami", "festival": "vivasvat-saptami", "name": "Vivasvat Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-07-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33189, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2011-07-07T02:59:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-06T21:59:37Z", "ms": 1309989576838.7239 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-08T00:38:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-07T19:38:56Z", "ms": 1310067536335.417 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-07-07T02:59:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-06T21:59:37Z", "ms": 1309989576838.7239 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-08T00:38:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-07T19:38:56Z", "ms": 1310067536335.417 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-07T12:12:46+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-07T07:12:46Z", "ms": 1310022765568.162 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-07T13:00:46+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-07T08:00:46Z", "ms": 1310025645568.162 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-08T12:12:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-08T07:12:55Z", "ms": 1310109174926.875 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-08T13:00:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-08T08:00:55Z", "ms": 1310112054926.875 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 03:00 on Thu 7 Jul to 00:39 on Fri 8 Jul.", "fact": "2011-07-06T21:59:37Z → 2011-07-07T19:38:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:13–13:01 on the 7th, 12:13–13:01 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 33189 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vivasvat Saptamī, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 7 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vivasvat-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Vivasvat saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vivasvat Saptamī 2011 falls on Thursday 7 July. Saptamī runs from 03:00 on Thu 7 Jul to 00:39 on Fri 8 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vivasvat-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-07-11", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-07-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37377, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-07-10T18:05:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-10T13:05:11Z", "ms": 1310303110606.074 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-11T16:13:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-11T11:13:01Z", "ms": 1310382780584.3882 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-07-10T18:05:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-10T13:05:11Z", "ms": 1310303110606.074 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-11T16:13:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-11T11:13:01Z", "ms": 1310382780584.3882 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-07-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-10T05:49:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-10T00:49:38Z", "ms": 1310258978253.051 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-10T05:49:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-10T00:49:38Z", "ms": 1310258978253.051 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-07-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-11T05:50:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-11T00:50:04Z", "ms": 1310345403635.2617 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-11T05:50:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-11T00:50:04Z", "ms": 1310345403635.2617 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:05 on Sun 10 Jul to 16:13 on Mon 11 Jul.", "fact": "2011-07-10T13:05:11Z → 2011-07-11T11:13:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:50 on the 10th and 05:50 on the 11th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 10th and is on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 37377 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Monday 11 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Hariśayanī Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Monday 11 July. Ekādaśī runs from 18:05 on Sun 10 Jul to 16:13 on Mon 11 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-07-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-07-12", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-07-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17362, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-07-12T14:35:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-12T09:35:04Z", "ms": 1310463304436.1016 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-13T13:14:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-13T08:14:31Z", "ms": 1310544870673.8318 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-07-12T14:35:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-12T09:35:04Z", "ms": 1310463304436.1016 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-13T13:14:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-13T08:14:31Z", "ms": 1310544870673.8318 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-07-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-12T19:24:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-12T14:24:27Z", "ms": 1310480666832.6155 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-12T20:47:59+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-12T15:47:59Z", "ms": 1310485678647.9036 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-07-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-13T19:24:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-13T14:24:15Z", "ms": 1310567055078.9636 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-13T20:47:52+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-13T15:47:52Z", "ms": 1310572071978.997 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:35 on Tue 12 Jul to 13:15 on Wed 13 Jul.", "fact": "2011-07-12T09:35:04Z → 2011-07-13T08:14:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:24–20:48 on the 12th, 19:24–20:48 on the 13th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 84 of 84 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 84 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17362 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 12 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Tuesday 12 July. Trayodaśī runs from 14:35 on Tue 12 Jul to 13:15 on Wed 13 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-07-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/guru-purnima", "festival": "guru-purnima", "name": "Guru Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-07-14", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 66, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2011-07-14T12:14:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-14T07:14:48Z", "ms": 1310627687800.5476 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-15T11:39:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-15T06:39:37Z", "ms": 1310711976621.9087 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-07-14T12:14:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-14T07:14:48Z", "ms": 1310627687800.5476 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-15T11:39:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-15T06:39:37Z", "ms": 1310711976621.9087 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-14T12:13:42+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-14T07:13:42Z", "ms": 1310627621945.2087 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-14T13:01:42+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-14T08:01:42Z", "ms": 1310630501945.2087 } }, "covered_min": 47, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-15T12:13:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-15T07:13:48Z", "ms": 1310714028140.1194 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-15T13:01:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-15T08:01:48Z", "ms": 1310716908140.1194 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 12:15 on Thu 14 Jul to 11:40 on Fri 15 Jul.", "fact": "2011-07-14T07:14:48Z → 2011-07-15T06:39:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:14–13:02 on the 14th, 12:14–13:02 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 47 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 66 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Guru Pūrṇimā, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 14 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "guru-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-14", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Guru Pūrṇimā 2011 falls on Thursday 14 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 12:15 on Thu 14 Jul to 11:40 on Fri 15 Jul and covers 47 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It is 1 min 06 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/guru-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/kokila-vrata", "festival": "kokila-vrata", "name": "Kokilā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-07-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16002, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2011-07-14T12:14:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-14T07:14:48Z", "ms": 1310627687800.5476 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-15T11:39:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-15T06:39:37Z", "ms": 1310711976621.9087 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-07-14T12:14:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-14T07:14:48Z", "ms": 1310627687800.5476 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-15T11:39:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-15T06:39:37Z", "ms": 1310711976621.9087 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-14T16:41:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-14T11:41:30Z", "ms": 1310643690014.8052 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-14T19:24:02+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-14T14:24:02Z", "ms": 1310653442061.203 } }, "covered_min": 163, "window_min": 163, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-15T16:41:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-15T11:41:24Z", "ms": 1310730083925.3113 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-15T19:23:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-15T14:23:48Z", "ms": 1310739827782.1057 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 162, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 12:15 on Thu 14 Jul to 11:40 on Fri 15 Jul.", "fact": "2011-07-14T07:14:48Z → 2011-07-15T06:39:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:42–19:24 on the 14th, 16:41–19:24 on the 15th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 163 of 163 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 162 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16002 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kokilā Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 14 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kokila-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kokilā Vrata 2011 falls on Thursday 14 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 12:15 on Thu 14 Jul to 11:40 on Fri 15 Jul and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/kokila-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shiva-shayanotsava", "festival": "shiva-shayanotsava", "name": "Śiva Śayanotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-07-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25754, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2011-07-14T12:14:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-14T07:14:48Z", "ms": 1310627687800.5476 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-15T11:39:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-15T06:39:37Z", "ms": 1310711976621.9087 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-07-14T12:14:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-14T07:14:48Z", "ms": 1310627687800.5476 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-15T11:39:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-15T06:39:37Z", "ms": 1310711976621.9087 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-14T19:24:02+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-14T14:24:02Z", "ms": 1310653442061.203 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-14T20:47:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-14T15:47:44Z", "ms": 1310658464252.7935 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-15T19:23:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-15T14:23:48Z", "ms": 1310739827782.1057 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-15T20:47:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-15T15:47:35Z", "ms": 1310744855468.778 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 12:15 on Thu 14 Jul to 11:40 on Fri 15 Jul.", "fact": "2011-07-14T07:14:48Z → 2011-07-15T06:39:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:24–20:48 on the 14th, 19:24–20:48 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 84 of 84 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 84 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25754 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śiva Śayanotsava, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 14 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shiva-shayanotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śiva Śayanotsava 2011 falls on Thursday 14 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 12:15 on Thu 14 Jul to 11:40 on Fri 15 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shiva-shayanotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vyasa-puja", "festival": "vyasa-puja", "name": "Vyāsa Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-07-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11124, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2011-07-14T12:14:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-14T07:14:48Z", "ms": 1310627687800.5476 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-15T11:39:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-15T06:39:37Z", "ms": 1310711976621.9087 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-07-14T12:14:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-14T07:14:48Z", "ms": 1310627687800.5476 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-15T11:39:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-15T06:39:37Z", "ms": 1310711976621.9087 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-14T05:51:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-14T00:51:22Z", "ms": 1310604681829.2146 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-14T08:33:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-14T03:33:54Z", "ms": 1310614433875.6123 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 163, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-15T05:51:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-15T00:51:48Z", "ms": 1310691108498.133 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-15T08:34:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-15T03:34:12Z", "ms": 1310700852354.9275 } }, "covered_min": 162, "window_min": 162, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 12:15 on Thu 14 Jul to 11:40 on Fri 15 Jul.", "fact": "2011-07-14T07:14:48Z → 2011-07-15T06:39:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:51–08:34 on the 14th, 05:52–08:34 on the 15th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 163 minutes on the 14th and 162 of 162 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11124 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vyāsa Pūjā, Karachi, 2011: Friday 15 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vyasa-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vyāsa Pūjā 2011 falls on Friday 15 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 12:15 on Thu 14 Jul to 11:40 on Fri 15 Jul and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vyasa-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-07-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31038, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2011-07-16T11:32:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-16T06:32:30Z", "ms": 1310797950005.2974 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-17T11:56:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-17T06:56:19Z", "ms": 1310885779066.5217 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-07-16T11:32:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-16T06:32:30Z", "ms": 1310797950005.2974 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-17T11:56:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-17T06:56:19Z", "ms": 1310885779066.5217 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-07-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-16T20:09:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-16T15:09:48Z", "ms": 1310828987656.6506 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-16T20:09:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-16T15:09:48Z", "ms": 1310828987656.6506 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-07-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-17T20:46:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-17T15:46:44Z", "ms": 1310917604141.828 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-17T20:46:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-17T15:46:44Z", "ms": 1310917604141.828 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 11:33 on Sat 16 Jul to 11:56 on Sun 17 Jul.", "fact": "2011-07-16T06:32:30Z → 2011-07-17T06:56:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:10 on the 16th and 20:47 on the 17th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 16th and is not on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31038 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha), Karachi, 2011: Saturday 16 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunya sayana vrata (candrodaya vyapini; purvahna vyapini and purvaviddha in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row reads pūrvāhṇa and pūrvaviddha; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha) 2011 falls on Saturday 16 July. Dvitīyā runs from 11:33 on Sat 16 Jul to 11:56 on Sun 17 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-07-18", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-07-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27214, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-07-18T12:52:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-18T07:52:27Z", "ms": 1310975547039.9917 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-19T14:19:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-19T09:19:56Z", "ms": 1311067196194.0913 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-07-18T12:52:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-18T07:52:27Z", "ms": 1310975547039.9917 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-19T14:19:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-19T09:19:56Z", "ms": 1311067196194.0913 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-18T21:20:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-18T16:20:55Z", "ms": 1311006055263.9084 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-18T21:20:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-18T16:20:55Z", "ms": 1311006055263.9084 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-19T21:53:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-19T16:53:30Z", "ms": 1311094410278.3252 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-19T21:53:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-19T16:53:30Z", "ms": 1311094410278.3252 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:52 on Mon 18 Jul to 14:20 on Tue 19 Jul.", "fact": "2011-07-18T07:52:27Z → 2011-07-19T09:19:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:21 on the 18th and 21:54 on the 19th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 18th and is not on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27214 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Monday 18 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2011 falls on Monday 18 July. Caturthī runs from 12:52 on Mon 18 Jul to 14:20 on Tue 19 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-07-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-07-26", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-07-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9034, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-07-26T02:37:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-25T21:37:23Z", "ms": 1311629842832.5508 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-27T03:26:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-26T22:26:49Z", "ms": 1311719208585.773 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-07-26T02:37:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-25T21:37:23Z", "ms": 1311629842832.5508 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-27T03:26:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-26T22:26:49Z", "ms": 1311719208585.773 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-07-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-26T05:56:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-26T00:56:55Z", "ms": 1311641814631.9487 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-26T05:56:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-26T00:56:55Z", "ms": 1311641814631.9487 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-07-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-27T05:57:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-27T00:57:23Z", "ms": 1311728243065.2454 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-27T05:57:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-27T00:57:23Z", "ms": 1311728243065.2454 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 02:37 on Tue 26 Jul to 03:27 on Wed 27 Jul.", "fact": "2011-07-25T21:37:23Z → 2011-07-26T22:26:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:57 on the 26th and 05:57 on the 27th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 26th and is not on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9034 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 26 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kāmikā Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Tuesday 26 July. Ekādaśī runs from 02:37 on Tue 26 Jul to 03:27 on Wed 27 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-07-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-07-28", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-07-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22187, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-07-28T03:32:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-27T22:32:26Z", "ms": 1311805945553.9517 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-29T02:53:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-28T21:53:53Z", "ms": 1311890032663.3293 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-07-28T03:32:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-27T22:32:26Z", "ms": 1311805945553.9517 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-29T02:53:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-28T21:53:53Z", "ms": 1311890032663.3293 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-07-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-27T19:19:20+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-27T14:19:20Z", "ms": 1311776359965.381 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-27T20:44:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-27T15:44:28Z", "ms": 1311781468170.787 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-07-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-28T19:18:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-28T14:18:50Z", "ms": 1311862729829.681 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-28T20:44:06+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-28T15:44:06Z", "ms": 1311867845843.364 } }, "covered_min": 85, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 03:32 on Thu 28 Jul to 02:54 on Fri 29 Jul.", "fact": "2011-07-27T22:32:26Z → 2011-07-28T21:53:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:19–20:44 on the 27th, 19:19–20:44 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 85 minutes on the 27th and 85 of 85 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22187 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 28 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Thursday 28 July. Trayodaśī runs from 03:32 on Thu 28 Jul to 02:54 on Fri 29 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-07-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-07-29", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-07-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1909, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-07-29T02:53:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-28T21:53:53Z", "ms": 1311890032663.3293 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-30T01:34:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-29T20:34:23Z", "ms": 1311971662749.956 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-07-29T02:53:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-28T21:53:53Z", "ms": 1311890032663.3293 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-30T01:34:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-29T20:34:23Z", "ms": 1311971662749.956 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-07-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-29T00:14:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-28T19:14:35Z", "ms": 1311880474880.9927 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-29T01:02:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-28T20:02:35Z", "ms": 1311883354880.9927 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-07-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-07-30T00:14:33+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-29T19:14:33Z", "ms": 1311966873427.4658 }, "end": { "local": "2011-07-30T01:02:33+05:00", "utc": "2011-07-29T20:02:33Z", "ms": 1311969753427.4658 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 02:54 on Fri 29 Jul to 01:34 on Sat 30 Jul.", "fact": "2011-07-28T21:53:53Z → 2011-07-29T20:34:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:15–01:03 on the 28th, 00:15–01:03 on the 29th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1909 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Karachi, 2011: Friday 29 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-07-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śivarātri 2011 falls on Friday 29 July. Caturdaśī runs from 02:54 on Fri 29 Jul to 01:34 on Sat 30 Jul and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-07-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/madhusrava-tritiya", "festival": "madhusrava-tritiya", "name": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Hariyali Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9798, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2011-08-01T18:36:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-01T13:36:44Z", "ms": 1312205803695.0947 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-02T15:45:25+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-02T10:45:25Z", "ms": 1312281925438.5781 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-01T18:36:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-01T13:36:44Z", "ms": 1312205803695.0947 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-02T15:45:25+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-02T10:45:25Z", "ms": 1312281925438.5781 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-01T12:14:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-01T07:14:11Z", "ms": 1312182851336.6133 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-01T13:02:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-01T08:02:11Z", "ms": 1312185731336.6133 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-08-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-02T12:14:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-02T07:14:07Z", "ms": 1312269247489.7632 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-02T13:02:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-02T08:02:07Z", "ms": 1312272127489.7632 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 18:37 on Mon 1 Aug to 15:45 on Tue 2 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-01T13:36:44Z → 2011-08-02T10:45:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:14–13:02 on the 1st, 12:14–13:02 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9798 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 2 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "madhusrava-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Madhusrava (Gujerat) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Madhusravā Tṛtīyā (Hariyali Teej) 2011 falls on Tuesday 2 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 18:37 on Mon 1 Aug to 15:45 on Tue 2 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/madhusrava-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/naga-panchami", "festival": "naga-panchami", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 591, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2011-08-03T12:52:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-03T07:52:12Z", "ms": 1312357931735.3982 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-04T10:04:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-04T05:04:35Z", "ms": 1312434275098.0125 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-03T12:52:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-03T07:52:12Z", "ms": 1312357931735.3982 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-04T10:04:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-04T05:04:35Z", "ms": 1312434275098.0125 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-03T12:14:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-03T07:14:03Z", "ms": 1312355643028.1824 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-03T13:02:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-03T08:02:03Z", "ms": 1312358523028.1824 } }, "covered_min": 10, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-04T12:13:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-04T07:13:58Z", "ms": 1312442037949.7554 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-04T13:01:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-04T08:01:58Z", "ms": 1312444917949.7554 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 12:52 on Wed 3 Aug to 10:05 on Thu 4 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-03T07:52:12Z → 2011-08-04T05:04:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:14–13:02 on the 3rd, 12:14–13:02 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 10 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 591 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 3 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Nāga Pañcamī 2011 falls on Wednesday 3 August. Pañcamī runs from 12:52 on Wed 3 Aug to 10:05 on Thu 4 Aug and covers 10 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/naga-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-08-03", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 591, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-08-02T15:45:25+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-02T10:45:25Z", "ms": 1312281925438.5781 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-03T12:52:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-03T07:52:12Z", "ms": 1312357931735.3982 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-02T15:45:25+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-02T10:45:25Z", "ms": 1312281925438.5781 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-03T12:52:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-03T07:52:12Z", "ms": 1312357931735.3982 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-02T12:14:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-02T07:14:07Z", "ms": 1312269247489.7632 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-02T13:02:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-02T08:02:07Z", "ms": 1312272127489.7632 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-08-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-03T12:14:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-03T07:14:03Z", "ms": 1312355643028.1824 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-03T13:02:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-03T08:02:03Z", "ms": 1312358523028.1824 } }, "covered_min": 38, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:45 on Tue 2 Aug to 12:52 on Wed 3 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-02T10:45:25Z → 2011-08-03T07:52:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:14–13:02 on the 2nd, 12:14–13:02 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 38 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 591 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 3 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vināyaka Caturthī 2011 falls on Wednesday 3 August. Caturthī runs from 15:45 on Tue 2 Aug to 12:52 on Wed 3 Aug and covers 38 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-08-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-08-09", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20488, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-08-09T00:21:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-08T19:21:58Z", "ms": 1312831318208.7844 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-09T23:31:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-09T18:31:19Z", "ms": 1312914679445.2332 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-09T00:21:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-08T19:21:58Z", "ms": 1312831318208.7844 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-09T23:31:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-09T18:31:19Z", "ms": 1312914679445.2332 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-09T06:03:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-09T01:03:26Z", "ms": 1312851806015.5369 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-09T06:03:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-09T01:03:26Z", "ms": 1312851806015.5369 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-10T06:03:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-10T01:03:53Z", "ms": 1312938232855.199 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-10T06:03:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-10T01:03:53Z", "ms": 1312938232855.199 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:22 on Tue 9 Aug to 23:31 on Tue 9 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-08T19:21:58Z → 2011-08-09T18:31:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:03 on the 9th and 06:04 on the 10th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 9th and is not on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 20488 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 9 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Putradā Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Tuesday 9 August. Ekādaśī runs from 00:22 on Tue 9 Aug to 23:31 on Tue 9 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-08-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/damodara-dvadashi", "festival": "damodara-dvadashi", "name": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36122, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-08-09T23:31:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-09T18:31:19Z", "ms": 1312914679445.2332 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-10T23:03:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-10T18:03:17Z", "ms": 1312999397004.8438 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-09T23:31:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-09T18:31:19Z", "ms": 1312914679445.2332 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-10T23:03:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-10T18:03:17Z", "ms": 1312999397004.8438 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-09T12:13:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-09T07:13:23Z", "ms": 1312874003357.9993 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-09T13:01:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-09T08:01:23Z", "ms": 1312876883357.9993 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-10T12:13:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-10T07:13:15Z", "ms": 1312960394634.313 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-10T13:01:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-10T08:01:15Z", "ms": 1312963274634.313 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 23:31 on Tue 9 Aug to 23:03 on Wed 10 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-09T18:31:19Z → 2011-08-10T18:03:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:13–13:01 on the 9th, 12:13–13:01 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 36122 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 10 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "damodara-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Buddha dvadasi, Damodara dvadasi (purvaviddha), Visnu-pavitraropana." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Dāmodara Dvādaśī 2011 falls on Wednesday 10 August. Dvādaśī runs from 23:31 on Tue 9 Aug to 23:03 on Wed 10 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/damodara-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-08-11", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8443, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-08-10T23:03:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-10T18:03:17Z", "ms": 1312999397004.8438 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-11T22:57:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-11T17:57:53Z", "ms": 1313085473096.1235 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-10T23:03:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-10T18:03:17Z", "ms": 1312999397004.8438 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-11T22:57:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-11T17:57:53Z", "ms": 1313085473096.1235 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-10T19:10:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-10T14:10:36Z", "ms": 1312985436413.4272 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-10T20:37:46+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-10T15:37:46Z", "ms": 1312990666157.5771 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-11T19:09:51+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-11T14:09:51Z", "ms": 1313071791159.8315 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-11T20:37:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-11T15:37:10Z", "ms": 1313077030462.7095 } }, "covered_min": 87, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:03 on Wed 10 Aug to 22:58 on Thu 11 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-10T18:03:17Z → 2011-08-11T17:57:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:11–20:38 on the 10th, 19:10–20:37 on the 11th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 87 minutes on the 10th and 87 of 87 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8443 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 11 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Thursday 11 August. Trayodaśī runs from 23:03 on Wed 10 Aug to 22:58 on Thu 11 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-08-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/raksha-bandhana", "festival": "raksha-bandhana", "name": "Rakṣā Bandhana", "everyday": "Rakhi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19698, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2011-08-12T23:15:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-12T18:15:39Z", "ms": 1313172939091.3936 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-13T23:57:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-13T18:57:30Z", "ms": 1313261850495.7346 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "second-half", "start": { "local": "2011-08-13T11:33:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-13T06:33:30Z", "ms": 1313217210273.8271 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-13T23:57:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-13T18:57:30Z", "ms": 1313261850495.7346 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-12T06:04:46+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-12T01:04:46Z", "ms": 1313111085931.4155 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-13T06:05:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-13T01:05:12Z", "ms": 1313197512164.8564 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-13T06:05:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-13T01:05:12Z", "ms": 1313197512164.8564 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-14T06:05:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-14T01:05:38Z", "ms": 1313283938194.9524 } }, "covered_min": 744, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 23:16 on Fri 12 Aug to 23:58 on Sat 13 Aug. Its second half begins at 11:34 on Sat 13 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-12T18:15:39Z → 2011-08-13T18:57:30Z · second half from 2011-08-13T06:33:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:05 on the 12th, and from 06:05 on the 13th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The second half of Pūrṇimā must be present during the day. It covers 0 of 1440 minutes on the 12th and 744 of 1440 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19698 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rakṣā Bandhana, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 13 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "raksha-bandhana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "day", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated", "half": "second" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Rakṣā Bandhana (Rakhi) 2011 falls on Saturday 13 August. The second half of Pūrṇimā runs from 11:34 on Sat 13 Aug to 23:58 on Sat 13 Aug and lies within that day, sunrise to sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/raksha-bandhana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/rishi-tarpana", "festival": "rishi-tarpana", "name": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36884, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2011-08-12T23:15:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-12T18:15:39Z", "ms": 1313172939091.3936 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-13T23:57:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-13T18:57:30Z", "ms": 1313261850495.7346 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-12T23:15:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-12T18:15:39Z", "ms": 1313172939091.3936 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-13T23:57:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-13T18:57:30Z", "ms": 1313261850495.7346 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-12T12:12:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-12T07:12:55Z", "ms": 1313133175446.8125 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-12T13:00:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-12T08:00:55Z", "ms": 1313136055446.8125 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-13T12:12:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-13T07:12:45Z", "ms": 1313219565004.1963 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-13T13:00:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-13T08:00:45Z", "ms": 1313222445004.1963 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 23:16 on Fri 12 Aug to 23:58 on Sat 13 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-12T18:15:39Z → 2011-08-13T18:57:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:13–13:01 on the 12th, 12:13–13:01 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36884 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 13 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa 2011 falls on Saturday 13 August. Pūrṇimā runs from 23:16 on Fri 12 Aug to 23:58 on Sat 13 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/rishi-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20650, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2011-08-15T01:04:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-14T20:04:21Z", "ms": 1313352261089.5325 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-16T02:36:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-15T21:36:18Z", "ms": 1313444178338.6472 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-15T01:04:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-14T20:04:21Z", "ms": 1313352261089.5325 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-16T02:36:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-15T21:36:18Z", "ms": 1313444178338.6472 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-14T19:20:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-14T14:20:11Z", "ms": 1313331611410.9458 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-14T19:20:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-14T14:20:11Z", "ms": 1313331611410.9458 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-08-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-15T19:53:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-15T14:53:24Z", "ms": 1313420004364.943 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-15T19:53:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-15T14:53:24Z", "ms": 1313420004364.943 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 01:04 on Mon 15 Aug to 02:36 on Tue 16 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-14T20:04:21Z → 2011-08-15T21:36:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:20 on the 14th and 19:53 on the 15th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 14th and is on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 20650 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Monday 15 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunyasayana vrata (Dvitiya current at moonrise; if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata 2011 falls on Monday 15 August. Dvitīyā runs from 01:04 on Mon 15 Aug to 02:36 on Tue 16 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/kajjali-tritiya", "festival": "kajjali-tritiya", "name": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Kajari Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27611, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 17, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2011-08-16T02:36:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-15T21:36:18Z", "ms": 1313444178338.6472 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-17T04:31:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-16T23:31:47Z", "ms": 1313537506700.096 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-16T02:36:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-15T21:36:18Z", "ms": 1313444178338.6472 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-17T04:31:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-16T23:31:47Z", "ms": 1313537506700.096 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-16T12:12:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-16T07:12:10Z", "ms": 1313478730422.3232 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-16T13:00:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-16T08:00:10Z", "ms": 1313481610422.3232 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-17T12:11:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-17T07:11:58Z", "ms": 1313565117852.2043 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-17T12:59:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-17T07:59:58Z", "ms": 1313567997852.2043 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 02:36 on Tue 16 Aug to 04:32 on Wed 17 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-15T21:36:18Z → 2011-08-16T23:31:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 16th, 12:12–13:00 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27611 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 16 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kajjali-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 3 Kajjali trtiya, (paraviddha), Angaveta trtiya (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kajjalī Tṛtīyā (Kajari Teej) 2011 falls on Tuesday 16 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 02:36 on Tue 16 Aug to 04:32 on Wed 17 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/kajjali-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/bahula-chaturthi", "festival": "bahula-chaturthi", "name": "Bahulā Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33956, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-08-17T04:31:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-16T23:31:47Z", "ms": 1313537506700.096 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-18T06:46:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-18T01:46:31Z", "ms": 1313631991150.868 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-17T04:31:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-16T23:31:47Z", "ms": 1313537506700.096 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-18T06:46:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-18T01:46:31Z", "ms": 1313631991150.868 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-16T16:29:59+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-16T11:29:59Z", "ms": 1313494198886.249 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-16T19:05:51+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-16T14:05:51Z", "ms": 1313503551195.533 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 156, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-17T16:29:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-17T11:29:24Z", "ms": 1313580563517.6523 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-17T19:05:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-17T14:05:01Z", "ms": 1313589900627.9512 } }, "covered_min": 156, "window_min": 156, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:32 on Wed 17 Aug to 06:47 on Thu 18 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-16T23:31:47Z → 2011-08-18T01:46:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:30–19:06 on the 16th, 16:29–19:05 on the 17th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 156 minutes on the 16th and 156 of 156 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 33956 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bahulā Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 17 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bahula-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Bahula caturthi (Madhyadesa) (Sayahnavyapini: if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the 1st day)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Bahulā Caturthī 2011 falls on Wednesday 17 August. Caturthī runs from 04:32 on Wed 17 Aug to 06:47 on Thu 18 Aug and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/bahula-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-08-17", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29161, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-08-17T04:31:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-16T23:31:47Z", "ms": 1313537506700.096 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-18T06:46:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-18T01:46:31Z", "ms": 1313631991150.868 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-17T04:31:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-16T23:31:47Z", "ms": 1313537506700.096 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-18T06:46:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-18T01:46:31Z", "ms": 1313631991150.868 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-16T20:25:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-16T15:25:45Z", "ms": 1313508345328.8806 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-16T20:25:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-16T15:25:45Z", "ms": 1313508345328.8806 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-17T20:58:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-17T15:58:14Z", "ms": 1313596694000.6213 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-17T20:58:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-17T15:58:14Z", "ms": 1313596694000.6213 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:32 on Wed 17 Aug to 06:47 on Thu 18 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-16T23:31:47Z → 2011-08-18T01:46:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:26 on the 16th and 20:58 on the 17th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 16th and is on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29161 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 17 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2011 falls on Wednesday 17 August. Caturthī runs from 04:32 on Wed 17 Aug to 06:47 on Thu 18 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-08-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/hala-shashthi", "festival": "hala-shashthi", "name": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1853, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2011-08-19T09:12:59+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-19T04:12:59Z", "ms": 1313727179439.9614 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-20T11:40:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-20T06:40:24Z", "ms": 1313822424374.936 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-19T09:12:59+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-19T04:12:59Z", "ms": 1313727179439.9614 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-20T11:40:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-20T06:40:24Z", "ms": 1313822424374.936 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-19T12:11:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-19T07:11:31Z", "ms": 1313737891225.605 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-19T12:59:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-19T07:59:31Z", "ms": 1313740771225.605 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-20T12:11:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-20T07:11:17Z", "ms": 1313824277195.6006 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-20T12:59:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-20T07:59:17Z", "ms": 1313827157195.6006 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 09:13 on Fri 19 Aug to 11:40 on Sat 20 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-19T04:12:59Z → 2011-08-20T06:40:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 19th, 12:11–12:59 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1853 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī, Karachi, 2011: Friday 19 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "hala-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Hala sasthi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Hala Ṣaṣṭhī 2011 falls on Friday 19 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 09:13 on Fri 19 Aug to 11:40 on Sat 20 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/hala-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shitala-saptami", "festival": "shitala-saptami", "name": "Śītalā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1853, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 21, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2011-08-20T11:40:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-20T06:40:24Z", "ms": 1313822424374.936 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-21T13:55:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-21T08:55:41Z", "ms": 1313916940759.1028 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-20T11:40:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-20T06:40:24Z", "ms": 1313822424374.936 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-21T13:55:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-21T08:55:41Z", "ms": 1313916940759.1028 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-20T12:11:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-20T07:11:17Z", "ms": 1313824277195.6006 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-20T12:59:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-20T07:59:17Z", "ms": 1313827157195.6006 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-21T12:11:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-21T07:11:03Z", "ms": 1313910662705.5967 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-21T12:59:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-21T07:59:03Z", "ms": 1313913542705.5967 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 11:40 on Sat 20 Aug to 13:56 on Sun 21 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-20T06:40:24Z → 2011-08-21T08:55:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:11–12:59 on the 20th, 12:11–12:59 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 1853 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalā Saptamī, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 20 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitala-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 7 Sitala saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-20", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śītalā Saptamī 2011 falls on Saturday 20 August. Saptamī runs from 11:40 on Sat 20 Aug to 13:56 on Sun 21 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shitala-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/janmashtami", "festival": "janmashtami", "name": "Janmāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30347, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2011-08-21T13:55:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-21T08:55:41Z", "ms": 1313916940759.1028 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-22T15:45:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-22T10:45:13Z", "ms": 1314009912589.3882 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-21T13:55:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-21T08:55:41Z", "ms": 1313916940759.1028 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-22T15:45:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-22T10:45:13Z", "ms": 1314009912589.3882 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-22T00:11:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-21T19:11:15Z", "ms": 1313953874939.6108 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-22T00:59:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-21T19:59:15Z", "ms": 1313956754939.6108 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-23T00:11:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-22T19:11:00Z", "ms": 1314040259911.3542 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-23T00:59:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-22T19:59:00Z", "ms": 1314043139911.3542 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 13:56 on Sun 21 Aug to 15:45 on Mon 22 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-21T08:55:41Z → 2011-08-22T10:45:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:11–00:59 on the 21st, 00:11–00:59 on the 22nd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30347 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Janmāṣṭamī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 21 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "janmashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Janmastami (madhyaratra-vyapini), if midnight is covered on two days, or not on any day, it is to be observed on the 2nd day; special when combined with naksatra 'Rohini' at midnight, more so when on Monday or Wednesday. If the combination occurs before midnight and 'Rohini' extends up to midnight, it is to be observed on that day. Gokulastami." } ], "not_evaluated": "The clauses on Rohiṇī nakṣatra, the Vaiṣṇava observance on the day after saptamī, and the Assam and South India reckoning in the solar month belong to other readings and are not applied.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Janmāṣṭamī 2011 falls on Sunday 21 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 13:56 on Sun 21 Aug to 15:45 on Mon 22 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/janmashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-08-25", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ajā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38882, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-08-24T17:22:42+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-24T12:22:42Z", "ms": 1314188561993.3174 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-25T16:58:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-25T11:58:14Z", "ms": 1314273493777.4517 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-24T17:22:42+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-24T12:22:42Z", "ms": 1314188561993.3174 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-25T16:58:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-25T11:58:14Z", "ms": 1314273493777.4517 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-24T06:09:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-24T01:09:48Z", "ms": 1314148187697.423 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-24T06:09:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-24T01:09:48Z", "ms": 1314148187697.423 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-25T06:10:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-25T01:10:12Z", "ms": 1314234611624.2236 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-25T06:10:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-25T01:10:12Z", "ms": 1314234611624.2236 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 17:23 on Wed 24 Aug to 16:58 on Thu 25 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-24T12:22:42Z → 2011-08-25T11:58:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:10 on the 24th and 06:10 on the 25th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 38882 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ajā Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 25 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Ajā Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Thursday 25 August. Ekādaśī runs from 17:23 on Wed 24 Aug to 16:58 on Thu 25 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-08-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-08-26", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11558, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-08-26T15:44:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-26T10:44:14Z", "ms": 1314355454376.1267 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-27T13:45:16+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-27T08:45:16Z", "ms": 1314434715712.7036 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-26T15:44:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-26T10:44:14Z", "ms": 1314355454376.1267 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-27T13:45:16+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-27T08:45:16Z", "ms": 1314434715712.7036 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-26T18:56:52+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-26T13:56:52Z", "ms": 1314367012266.9338 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-26T20:26:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-26T15:26:45Z", "ms": 1314372405158.6301 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-27T18:55:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-27T13:55:55Z", "ms": 1314453354740.9954 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-27T20:25:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-27T15:25:58Z", "ms": 1314458758423.7942 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 15:44 on Fri 26 Aug to 13:45 on Sat 27 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-26T10:44:14Z → 2011-08-27T08:45:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:57–20:27 on the 26th, 18:56–20:26 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 90 of 90 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 90 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11558 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Friday 26 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Friday 26 August. Trayodaśī runs from 15:44 on Fri 26 Aug to 13:45 on Sat 27 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-08-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/aghora-chaturdashi", "festival": "aghora-chaturdashi", "name": "Aghora Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18639, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-08-27T13:45:16+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-27T08:45:16Z", "ms": 1314434715712.7036 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-28T11:08:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-28T06:08:45Z", "ms": 1314511725474.885 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-27T13:45:16+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-27T08:45:16Z", "ms": 1314434715712.7036 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-28T11:08:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-28T06:08:45Z", "ms": 1314511725474.885 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-27T18:55:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-27T13:55:55Z", "ms": 1314453354740.9954 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-27T20:25:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-27T15:25:58Z", "ms": 1314458758423.7942 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-28T18:54:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-28T13:54:57Z", "ms": 1314539696644.4558 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-28T20:25:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-28T15:25:11Z", "ms": 1314545111171.77 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:45 on Sat 27 Aug to 11:09 on Sun 28 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-27T08:45:16Z → 2011-08-28T06:08:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:56–20:26 on the 27th, 18:55–20:25 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 90 of 90 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 90 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18639 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aghora Caturdaśī, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 27 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aghora-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Aghora caturdasi (pradosa vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Aghora Caturdaśī 2011 falls on Saturday 27 August. Caturdaśī runs from 13:45 on Sat 27 Aug to 11:09 on Sun 28 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/aghora-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-08-27", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36667, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-08-27T13:45:16+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-27T08:45:16Z", "ms": 1314434715712.7036 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-28T11:08:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-28T06:08:45Z", "ms": 1314511725474.885 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-27T13:45:16+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-27T08:45:16Z", "ms": 1314434715712.7036 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-28T11:08:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-28T06:08:45Z", "ms": 1314511725474.885 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-27T00:09:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-26T19:09:56Z", "ms": 1314385795610.795 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-27T00:57:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-26T19:57:56Z", "ms": 1314388675610.795 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-28T00:09:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-27T19:09:39Z", "ms": 1314472178551.4907 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-28T00:57:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-27T19:57:39Z", "ms": 1314475058551.4907 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:45 on Sat 27 Aug to 11:09 on Sun 28 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-27T08:45:16Z → 2011-08-28T06:08:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:10–00:58 on the 26th, 00:10–00:58 on the 27th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36667 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 27 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śivarātri 2011 falls on Saturday 27 August. Caturdaśī runs from 13:45 on Sat 27 Aug to 11:09 on Sun 28 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-08-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/rudra-vrata", "festival": "rudra-vrata", "name": "Rudra Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14686, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2011-08-29T08:04:06+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-29T03:04:06Z", "ms": 1314587045722.4255 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-30T04:41:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-29T23:41:39Z", "ms": 1314661299447.6702 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-29T08:04:06+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-29T03:04:06Z", "ms": 1314587045722.4255 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-30T04:41:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-29T23:41:39Z", "ms": 1314661299447.6702 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-29T12:08:52+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-29T07:08:52Z", "ms": 1314601731798.5913 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-29T12:56:52+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-29T07:56:52Z", "ms": 1314604611798.5913 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-30T12:08:34+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-30T07:08:34Z", "ms": 1314688113744.7373 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-30T12:56:34+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-30T07:56:34Z", "ms": 1314690993744.7373 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 08:04 on Mon 29 Aug to 04:42 on Tue 30 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-29T03:04:06Z → 2011-08-29T23:41:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 29th, 12:09–12:57 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 14686 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rudra Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Monday 29 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rudra-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Rudra vrata (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Rudra Vrata 2011 falls on Monday 29 August. Pratipadā runs from 08:04 on Mon 29 Aug to 04:42 on Tue 30 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/rudra-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/haritalika-vrata", "festival": "haritalika-vrata", "name": "Haritālikā Vrata", "everyday": "Hartalika Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-08-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31777, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2011-08-31T01:12:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-30T20:12:07Z", "ms": 1314735127262.74 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-31T21:45:52+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-31T16:45:52Z", "ms": 1314809151992.4731 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-31T01:12:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-30T20:12:07Z", "ms": 1314735127262.74 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-31T21:45:52+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-31T16:45:52Z", "ms": 1314809151992.4731 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-30T12:08:34+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-30T07:08:34Z", "ms": 1314688113744.7373 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-30T12:56:34+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-30T07:56:34Z", "ms": 1314690993744.7373 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-31T12:08:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-31T07:08:15Z", "ms": 1314774495352.727 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-31T12:56:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-31T07:56:15Z", "ms": 1314777375352.727 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 01:12 on Wed 31 Aug to 21:46 on Wed 31 Aug.", "fact": "2011-08-30T20:12:07Z → 2011-08-31T16:45:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 30th, 12:08–12:56 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31777 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Haritālikā Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 31 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "haritalika-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Haritalika vrata (paraviddha), Gauri vrata (Orissa), Gauri (Mysore)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Haritālikā Vrata (Hartalika Teej) 2011 falls on Wednesday 31 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 01:12 on Wed 31 Aug to 21:46 on Wed 31 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/haritalika-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ganesha-chaturthi", "festival": "ganesha-chaturthi", "name": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20191, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-08-31T21:45:52+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-31T16:45:52Z", "ms": 1314809151992.4731 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-01T18:32:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-01T13:32:28Z", "ms": 1314883947661.0762 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-08-31T21:45:52+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-31T16:45:52Z", "ms": 1314809151992.4731 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-01T18:32:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-01T13:32:28Z", "ms": 1314883947661.0762 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-08-31T12:08:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-31T07:08:15Z", "ms": 1314774495352.727 }, "end": { "local": "2011-08-31T12:56:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-08-31T07:56:15Z", "ms": 1314777375352.727 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-01T12:07:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-01T07:07:57Z", "ms": 1314860876634.515 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-01T12:55:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-01T07:55:57Z", "ms": 1314863756634.515 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:46 on Wed 31 Aug to 18:32 on Thu 1 Sep.", "fact": "2011-08-31T16:45:52Z → 2011-09-01T13:32:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 31st, 12:08–12:56 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 20191 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 1 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Varada caturthi (purvaviddha, madhyahnavyapini), Samvatsari parva (Jain-caturthi paksa), Saubhagya caturthi (Bengal), Ganesa caturthi (madhyahna vyapini and purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Gaṇeśa Caturthī 2011 falls on Thursday 1 September. Caturthī runs from 21:46 on Wed 31 Aug to 18:32 on Thu 1 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ganesha-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/rishi-panchami", "festival": "rishi-panchami", "name": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9873, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2011-09-01T18:32:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-01T13:32:28Z", "ms": 1314883947661.0762 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-02T15:40:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-02T10:40:10Z", "ms": 1314960010350.1895 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-01T18:32:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-01T13:32:28Z", "ms": 1314883947661.0762 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-02T15:40:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-02T10:40:10Z", "ms": 1314960010350.1895 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-01T12:07:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-01T07:07:57Z", "ms": 1314860876634.515 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-01T12:55:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-01T07:55:57Z", "ms": 1314863756634.515 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-02T12:07:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-02T07:07:38Z", "ms": 1314947257603.187 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-02T12:55:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-02T07:55:38Z", "ms": 1314950137603.187 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 18:32 on Thu 1 Sep to 15:40 on Fri 2 Sep.", "fact": "2011-09-01T13:32:28Z → 2011-09-02T10:40:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 1st, 12:08–12:56 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 9873 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Karachi, 2011: Friday 2 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 2011 falls on Friday 2 September. Pañcamī runs from 18:32 on Thu 1 Sep to 15:40 on Fri 2 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/rishi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "festival": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1213, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2011-09-02T15:40:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-02T10:40:10Z", "ms": 1314960010350.1895 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-03T13:15:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-03T08:15:31Z", "ms": 1315037730930.0183 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-02T15:40:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-02T10:40:10Z", "ms": 1314960010350.1895 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-03T13:15:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-03T08:15:31Z", "ms": 1315037730930.0183 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-02T12:07:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-02T07:07:38Z", "ms": 1314947257603.187 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-02T12:55:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-02T07:55:38Z", "ms": 1314950137603.187 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-03T12:07:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-03T07:07:18Z", "ms": 1315033638272.6155 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-03T12:55:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-03T07:55:18Z", "ms": 1315036518272.6155 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 15:40 on Fri 2 Sep to 13:16 on Sat 3 Sep.", "fact": "2011-09-02T10:40:10Z → 2011-09-03T08:15:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 2nd, 12:07–12:55 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1213 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada), Karachi, 2011: Saturday 3 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Surya sasthi (paraviddha), Lolarka sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada) 2011 falls on Saturday 3 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 15:40 on Fri 2 Sep to 13:16 on Sat 3 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/muktabharana-vrata", "festival": "muktabharana-vrata", "name": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1213, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2011-09-03T13:15:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-03T08:15:31Z", "ms": 1315037730930.0183 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-04T11:22:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-04T06:22:53Z", "ms": 1315117372922.4724 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-03T13:15:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-03T08:15:31Z", "ms": 1315037730930.0183 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-04T11:22:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-04T06:22:53Z", "ms": 1315117372922.4724 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-03T12:07:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-03T07:07:18Z", "ms": 1315033638272.6155 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-03T12:55:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-03T07:55:18Z", "ms": 1315036518272.6155 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-04T12:06:59+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-04T07:06:59Z", "ms": 1315120018658.3984 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-04T12:54:59+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-04T07:54:59Z", "ms": 1315122898658.3984 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 13:16 on Sat 3 Sep to 11:23 on Sun 4 Sep.", "fact": "2011-09-03T08:15:31Z → 2011-09-04T06:22:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:07–12:55 on the 3rd, 12:07–12:55 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → second-day · margin 1213 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 4 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "muktabharana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Muktabharana vrata (purvaviddha), Lalita saptami (Bengal & Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Muktābharaṇa Vrata 2011 falls on Sunday 4 September. Saptamī runs from 13:16 on Sat 3 Sep to 11:23 on Sun 4 Sep, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/muktabharana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/radhashtami", "festival": "radhashtami", "name": "Rādhāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2646, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2011-09-04T11:22:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-04T06:22:53Z", "ms": 1315117372922.4724 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-05T10:04:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-05T05:04:21Z", "ms": 1315199061457.4187 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-04T11:22:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-04T06:22:53Z", "ms": 1315117372922.4724 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-05T10:04:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-05T05:04:21Z", "ms": 1315199061457.4187 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-04T12:06:59+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-04T07:06:59Z", "ms": 1315120018658.3984 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-04T12:54:59+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-04T07:54:59Z", "ms": 1315122898658.3984 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-05T12:06:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-05T07:06:39Z", "ms": 1315206398777.4485 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-05T12:54:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-05T07:54:39Z", "ms": 1315209278777.4485 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 11:23 on Sun 4 Sep to 10:04 on Mon 5 Sep.", "fact": "2011-09-04T06:22:53Z → 2011-09-05T05:04:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:07–12:55 on the 4th, 12:07–12:55 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2646 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rādhāṣṭamī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 4 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "radhashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Durvastami (purvaviddha — S 8 of saura Bhadra except Bengal), Mahalaksmi vratarambha, Radhastami (madhyahna vyapini)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Rādhāṣṭamī 2011 falls on Sunday 4 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 11:23 on Sun 4 Sep to 10:04 on Mon 5 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/radhashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-09-08", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10337, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-09-07T09:07:25+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-07T04:07:25Z", "ms": 1315368444879.6343 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-08T09:24:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-08T04:24:12Z", "ms": 1315455851824.0515 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-07T09:07:25+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-07T04:07:25Z", "ms": 1315368444879.6343 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-08T09:24:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-08T04:24:12Z", "ms": 1315455851824.0515 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-07T06:15:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-07T01:15:08Z", "ms": 1315358107627.4426 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-07T06:15:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-07T01:15:08Z", "ms": 1315358107627.4426 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-08T06:15:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-08T01:15:29Z", "ms": 1315444529417.819 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-08T06:15:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-08T01:15:29Z", "ms": 1315444529417.819 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 09:07 on Wed 7 Sep to 09:24 on Thu 8 Sep.", "fact": "2011-09-07T04:07:25Z → 2011-09-08T04:24:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:15 on the 7th and 06:15 on the 8th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 7th and is on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 10337 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 8 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Parivartanī Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Thursday 8 September. Ekādaśī runs from 09:07 on Wed 7 Sep to 09:24 on Thu 8 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-09-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vamana-jayanti", "festival": "vamana-jayanti", "name": "Vāmana Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7097, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-09-08T09:24:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-08T04:24:12Z", "ms": 1315455851824.0515 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-09T10:07:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-09T05:07:00Z", "ms": 1315544819653.7847 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-08T09:24:12+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-08T04:24:12Z", "ms": 1315455851824.0515 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-09T10:07:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-09T05:07:00Z", "ms": 1315544819653.7847 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-08T12:05:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-08T07:05:38Z", "ms": 1315465537720.8457 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-08T12:53:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-08T07:53:38Z", "ms": 1315468417720.8457 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-09T12:05:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-09T07:05:17Z", "ms": 1315551916964.1382 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-09T12:53:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-09T07:53:17Z", "ms": 1315554796964.1382 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 09:24 on Thu 8 Sep to 10:07 on Fri 9 Sep.", "fact": "2011-09-08T04:24:12Z → 2011-09-09T05:07:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:06–12:54 on the 8th, 12:05–12:53 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7097 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vāmana Jayantī, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 8 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vamana-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Visnuparivartanotsava, Sakrotthana (in any of the naksatras U. Asadha, Sravana & Dhanistha), Kalki dvadasi, Sravana dvadasi (when combined with naksatra Sravana), Vamana jayanti (madhyahna vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vāmana Jayantī 2011 falls on Thursday 8 September. Dvādaśī runs from 09:24 on Thu 8 Sep to 10:07 on Fri 9 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vamana-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-09-09", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26919, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-09-09T10:07:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-09T05:07:00Z", "ms": 1315544819653.7847 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-10T11:13:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-10T06:13:01Z", "ms": 1315635180538.7966 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-09T10:07:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-09T05:07:00Z", "ms": 1315544819653.7847 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-10T11:13:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-10T06:13:01Z", "ms": 1315635180538.7966 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-09T18:42:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-09T13:42:43Z", "ms": 1315575762808.8408 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-09T20:15:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-09T15:15:11Z", "ms": 1315581310800.655 } }, "covered_min": 92, "window_min": 92, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-10T18:41:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-10T13:41:39Z", "ms": 1315662099333.7144 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-10T20:14:19+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-10T15:14:19Z", "ms": 1315667658664.8452 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 10:07 on Fri 9 Sep to 11:13 on Sat 10 Sep.", "fact": "2011-09-09T05:07:00Z → 2011-09-10T06:13:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:43–20:15 on the 9th, 18:42–20:14 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 92 of 92 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 93 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26919 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Friday 9 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Friday 9 September. Trayodaśī runs from 10:07 on Fri 9 Sep to 11:13 on Sat 10 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-09-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ananta-chaturdashi", "festival": "ananta-chaturdashi", "name": "Ananta Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8862, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-09-10T11:13:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-10T06:13:01Z", "ms": 1315635180538.7966 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-11T12:40:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-11T07:40:07Z", "ms": 1315726806563.3145 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-10T11:13:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-10T06:13:01Z", "ms": 1315635180538.7966 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-11T12:40:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-11T07:40:07Z", "ms": 1315726806563.3145 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-10T06:16:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-10T01:16:13Z", "ms": 1315617372747.4468 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-10T08:45:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-10T03:45:18Z", "ms": 1315626318064.7002 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 149, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-11T06:16:34+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-11T01:16:34Z", "ms": 1315703794317.196 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-11T08:45:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-11T03:45:23Z", "ms": 1315712722578.8293 } }, "covered_min": 149, "window_min": 149, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 11:13 on Sat 10 Sep to 12:40 on Sun 11 Sep.", "fact": "2011-09-10T06:13:01Z → 2011-09-11T07:40:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:16–08:45 on the 10th, 06:17–08:45 on the 11th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 149 minutes on the 10th and 149 of 149 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8862 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ananta Caturdaśī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 11 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananta-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Ananta caturdasi (covering three muhurtas from sunrise, but one muhurta in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row asks for one muhūrta from sunrise; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Ananta Caturdaśī 2011 falls on Sunday 11 September. Caturdaśī runs from 11:13 on Sat 10 Sep to 12:40 on Sun 11 Sep and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ananta-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-09-16", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4354, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-09-15T21:20:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-15T16:20:03Z", "ms": 1316103603088.1777 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-16T23:53:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-16T18:53:07Z", "ms": 1316199186852.8298 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-15T21:20:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-15T16:20:03Z", "ms": 1316103603088.1777 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-16T23:53:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-16T18:53:07Z", "ms": 1316199186852.8298 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-15T20:07:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-15T15:07:29Z", "ms": 1316099249372.464 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-15T20:07:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-15T15:07:29Z", "ms": 1316099249372.464 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-09-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-16T20:44:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-16T15:44:58Z", "ms": 1316187897860.3213 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-16T20:44:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-16T15:44:58Z", "ms": 1316187897860.3213 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:20 on Thu 15 Sep to 23:53 on Fri 16 Sep.", "fact": "2011-09-15T16:20:03Z → 2011-09-16T18:53:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:07 on the 15th and 20:45 on the 16th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 15th and is on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4354 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Friday 16 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2011 falls on Friday 16 September. Caturthī runs from 21:20 on Thu 15 Sep to 23:53 on Fri 16 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-09-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/chandra-shashthi", "festival": "chandra-shashthi", "name": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17628, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2011-09-18T02:19:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-17T21:19:35Z", "ms": 1316294375148.3066 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-19T04:27:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-18T23:27:37Z", "ms": 1316388457284.821 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-18T02:19:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-17T21:19:35Z", "ms": 1316294375148.3066 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-19T04:27:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-18T23:27:37Z", "ms": 1316388457284.821 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-17T21:25:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-17T16:25:47Z", "ms": 1316276746661.6812 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-17T21:25:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-17T16:25:47Z", "ms": 1316276746661.6812 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-18T22:10:32+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-18T17:10:32Z", "ms": 1316365832440.388 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-18T22:10:32+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-18T17:10:32Z", "ms": 1316365832440.388 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 02:20 on Sun 18 Sep to 04:28 on Mon 19 Sep.", "fact": "2011-09-17T21:19:35Z → 2011-09-18T23:27:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:26 on the 17th and 22:11 on the 18th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 17th and is on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 17628 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 18 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chandra-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Candra sasthi (Sasthi current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Candra Ṣaṣṭhī 2011 falls on Sunday 18 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 02:20 on Sun 18 Sep to 04:28 on Mon 19 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/chandra-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/jitashtami", "festival": "jitashtami", "name": "Jitāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Jitiya", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35913, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2011-09-20T06:04:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-20T01:04:56Z", "ms": 1316480695968.392 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-21T07:00:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-21T02:00:44Z", "ms": 1316570444287.6187 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-20T06:04:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-20T01:04:56Z", "ms": 1316480695968.392 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-21T07:00:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-21T02:00:44Z", "ms": 1316570444287.6187 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-19T18:32:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-19T13:32:01Z", "ms": 1316439120954.5825 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-19T20:06:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-19T15:06:23Z", "ms": 1316444783306.402 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-20T18:30:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-20T13:30:56Z", "ms": 1316525456416.2395 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-20T20:05:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-20T15:05:30Z", "ms": 1316531130293.6758 } }, "covered_min": 95, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 06:05 on Tue 20 Sep to 07:01 on Wed 21 Sep.", "fact": "2011-09-20T01:04:56Z → 2011-09-21T02:00:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:32–20:06 on the 19th, 18:31–20:06 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 94 minutes on the 19th and 95 of 95 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35913 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jitāṣṭamī, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 20 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "jitashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Jitāṣṭamī (Jitiya) 2011 falls on Tuesday 20 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 06:05 on Tue 20 Sep to 07:01 on Wed 21 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/jitashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "festival": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "name": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25523, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2011-09-20T06:04:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-20T01:04:56Z", "ms": 1316480695968.392 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-21T07:00:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-21T02:00:44Z", "ms": 1316570444287.6187 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-20T06:04:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-20T01:04:56Z", "ms": 1316480695968.392 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-21T07:00:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-21T02:00:44Z", "ms": 1316570444287.6187 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-19T22:59:33+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-19T17:59:33Z", "ms": 1316455173248.8728 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-19T22:59:33+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-19T17:59:33Z", "ms": 1316455173248.8728 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-20T23:52:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-20T18:52:41Z", "ms": 1316544761482.451 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-20T23:52:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-20T18:52:41Z", "ms": 1316544761482.451 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 06:05 on Tue 20 Sep to 07:01 on Wed 21 Sep.", "fact": "2011-09-20T01:04:56Z → 2011-09-21T02:00:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:00 on the 19th and 23:53 on the 20th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25523 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 20 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana 2011 falls on Tuesday 20 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 06:05 on Tue 20 Sep to 07:01 on Wed 21 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-09-23", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Indirā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-23", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 68, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-09-23T06:22:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-23T01:22:03Z", "ms": 1316740922784.7085 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-24T04:45:32+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-23T23:45:32Z", "ms": 1316821532244.8406 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-23T06:22:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-23T01:22:03Z", "ms": 1316740922784.7085 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-24T04:45:32+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-23T23:45:32Z", "ms": 1316821532244.8406 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-23T06:20:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-23T01:20:55Z", "ms": 1316740854680.2478 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-23T06:20:55+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-23T01:20:55Z", "ms": 1316740854680.2478 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-24T06:21:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-24T01:21:17Z", "ms": 1316827276986.5469 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-24T06:21:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-24T01:21:17Z", "ms": 1316827276986.5469 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:22 on Fri 23 Sep to 04:46 on Sat 24 Sep.", "fact": "2011-09-23T01:22:03Z → 2011-09-23T23:45:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:21 on the 23rd and 06:21 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 23rd and is not on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 68 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Indirā Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Friday 23 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-23", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-23", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Indirā Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Friday 23 September. Ekādaśī runs from 06:22 on Fri 23 Sep to 04:46 on Sat 24 Sep, and is current at sunrise on neither day. It is 1 min 08 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-09-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-09-25", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12091, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-09-25T02:23:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-24T21:23:04Z", "ms": 1316899383774.9426 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-25T23:22:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-25T18:22:37Z", "ms": 1316974957268.5105 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-25T02:23:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-24T21:23:04Z", "ms": 1316899383774.9426 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-25T23:22:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-25T18:22:37Z", "ms": 1316974957268.5105 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-24T18:26:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-24T13:26:39Z", "ms": 1316870799001.3223 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-24T20:01:59+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-24T15:01:59Z", "ms": 1316876519061.4333 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-25T18:25:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-25T13:25:35Z", "ms": 1316957134962.6885 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-25T20:01:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-25T15:01:07Z", "ms": 1316962866579.3726 } }, "covered_min": 96, "window_min": 96, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 02:23 on Sun 25 Sep to 23:23 on Sun 25 Sep.", "fact": "2011-09-24T21:23:04Z → 2011-09-25T18:22:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:27–20:02 on the 24th, 18:26–20:01 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 95 minutes on the 24th and 96 of 96 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12091 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 25 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Sunday 25 September. Trayodaśī runs from 02:23 on Sun 25 Sep to 23:23 on Sun 25 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-09-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-09-25", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2231, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-09-25T23:22:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-25T18:22:37Z", "ms": 1316974957268.5105 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-26T19:54:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-26T14:54:09Z", "ms": 1317048849097.6465 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-25T23:22:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-25T18:22:37Z", "ms": 1316974957268.5105 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-26T19:54:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-26T14:54:09Z", "ms": 1317048849097.6465 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-25T23:59:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-25T18:59:49Z", "ms": 1316977188525.2534 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-26T00:47:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-25T19:47:49Z", "ms": 1316980068525.2534 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-26T23:59:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-26T18:59:28Z", "ms": 1317063568001.2473 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-27T00:47:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-26T19:47:28Z", "ms": 1317066448001.2473 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 23:23 on Sun 25 Sep to 19:54 on Mon 26 Sep.", "fact": "2011-09-25T18:22:37Z → 2011-09-26T14:54:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:00–00:48 on the 25th, 23:59–00:47 on the 26th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2231 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 25 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śivarātri 2011 falls on Sunday 25 September. Caturdaśī runs from 23:23 on Sun 25 Sep to 19:54 on Mon 26 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-09-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/mahalaya-amavasya", "festival": "mahalaya-amavasya", "name": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā", "everyday": "Sarvapitṛ Amāvāsyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 566, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2011-09-26T19:54:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-26T14:54:09Z", "ms": 1317048849097.6465 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-27T16:08:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-27T11:08:41Z", "ms": 1317121720729.9314 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-26T19:54:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-26T14:54:09Z", "ms": 1317048849097.6465 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-27T16:08:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-27T11:08:41Z", "ms": 1317121720729.9314 } }, "kaala": "aparahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-26T13:35:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-26T08:35:31Z", "ms": 1317026131494.6926 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-26T16:00:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-26T11:00:01Z", "ms": 1317034801296.984 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 144, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-27T13:35:02+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-27T08:35:02Z", "ms": 1317112502421.6614 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-27T15:59:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-27T10:59:15Z", "ms": 1317121154927.8086 } }, "covered_min": 144, "window_min": 144, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 19:54 on Mon 26 Sep to 16:09 on Tue 27 Sep.", "fact": "2011-09-26T14:54:09Z → 2011-09-27T11:08:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aparāhṇa is 10th to 12th of 15 day muhūrtas: 13:36–16:00 on the 26th, 13:35–15:59 on the 27th.", "fact": "aparahna: day-muhurta-10-12 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during aparāhṇa. It covers 0 of 144 minutes on the 26th and 144 of 144 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 566 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 27 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalaya-amavasya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Mahalaya amavasya (aparahnavyapini)" } ], "not_evaluated": "The note on p. 106 gives the first day in a decreasing tithimāna and the second in an increasing one, when amāvāsyā covers the whole of aparāhṇa on both days; tithimāna is not computed.", "kaala": "aparahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Mahālaya Amāvāsyā 2011 falls on Tuesday 27 September. Amāvasyā runs from 19:54 on Mon 26 Sep to 16:09 on Tue 27 Sep and covers all of aparāhṇa that afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/mahalaya-amavasya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/navaratra-arambha", "festival": "navaratra-arambha", "name": "Navarātrārambha", "everyday": "Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1142, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2011-09-27T16:08:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-27T11:08:41Z", "ms": 1317121720729.9314 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-28T12:17:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-28T07:17:38Z", "ms": 1317194257672.4277 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-27T16:08:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-27T11:08:41Z", "ms": 1317121720729.9314 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-28T12:17:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-28T07:17:38Z", "ms": 1317194257672.4277 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-27T11:58:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-27T06:58:56Z", "ms": 1317106736168.5876 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-27T12:46:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-27T07:46:56Z", "ms": 1317109616168.5876 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-28T11:58:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-28T06:58:36Z", "ms": 1317193115948.0815 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-28T12:46:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-28T07:46:36Z", "ms": 1317195995948.0815 } }, "covered_min": 19, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 16:09 on Tue 27 Sep to 12:18 on Wed 28 Sep.", "fact": "2011-09-27T11:08:41Z → 2011-09-28T07:17:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:59–12:47 on the 27th, 11:59–12:47 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 19 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1142 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 28 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Navarātrārambha (Navratri) 2011 falls on Wednesday 28 September. Pratipadā runs from 16:09 on Tue 27 Sep to 12:18 on Wed 28 Sep and covers 19 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/navaratra-arambha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-09-30", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-09-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24881, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-09-30T05:03:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-30T00:03:15Z", "ms": 1317340995233.6985 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-01T02:00:05+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-30T21:00:05Z", "ms": 1317416404627.628 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-09-30T05:03:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-30T00:03:15Z", "ms": 1317340995233.6985 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-01T02:00:05+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-30T21:00:05Z", "ms": 1317416404627.628 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-09-30T11:57:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-30T06:57:56Z", "ms": 1317365876181.634 }, "end": { "local": "2011-09-30T12:45:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-09-30T07:45:56Z", "ms": 1317368756181.634 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-01T11:57:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-01T06:57:37Z", "ms": 1317452256667.4255 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-01T12:45:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-01T07:45:37Z", "ms": 1317455136667.4255 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 05:03 on Fri 30 Sep to 02:00 on Sat 1 Oct.", "fact": "2011-09-30T00:03:15Z → 2011-09-30T21:00:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:58–12:46 on the 30th, 11:58–12:46 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24881 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Friday 30 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vināyaka Caturthī 2011 falls on Friday 30 September. Caturthī runs from 05:03 on Fri 30 Sep to 02:00 on Sat 1 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-09-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/durga-saptami", "festival": "durga-saptami", "name": "Durgā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31456, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-02T21:40:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-02T16:40:30Z", "ms": 1317573630302.7698 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-03T20:32:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-03T15:32:50Z", "ms": 1317655970483.448 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-02T21:40:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-02T16:40:30Z", "ms": 1317573630302.7698 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-03T20:32:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-03T15:32:50Z", "ms": 1317655970483.448 } }, "kaala": "udaya-1", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-03T06:24:46+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-03T01:24:46Z", "ms": 1317605086060.887 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-03T07:12:16+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-03T02:12:16Z", "ms": 1317607935714.522 } }, "covered_min": 47, "window_min": 47, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-04T06:25:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-04T01:25:10Z", "ms": 1317691510388.463 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-04T07:12:34+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-04T02:12:34Z", "ms": 1317694354311.388 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 47, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 21:41 on Sun 2 Oct to 20:33 on Mon 3 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-02T16:40:30Z → 2011-10-03T15:32:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first muhūrta after sunrise is 1st of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:25–07:12 on the 3rd, 06:25–07:13 on the 4th.", "fact": "udaya-1: day-muhurta-1-1 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must hold through the first muhūrta after sunrise. It covers 47 of 47 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 47 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31456 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Saptamī, Karachi, 2011: Monday 3 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Durga saptami (paraviddha) — covering one muhurta from sunrise" } ], "kaala": "udaya-1", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Durgā Saptamī 2011 falls on Monday 3 October. Saptamī runs from 21:41 on Sun 2 Oct to 20:33 on Mon 3 Oct and covers all of the first muhūrta after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/durga-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/mahashtami", "festival": "mahashtami", "name": "Mahāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Durga Ashtami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26590, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-03T20:32:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-03T15:32:50Z", "ms": 1317655970483.448 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-04T20:07:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-04T15:07:50Z", "ms": 1317740869858.274 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-03T20:32:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-03T15:32:50Z", "ms": 1317655970483.448 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-04T20:07:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-04T15:07:50Z", "ms": 1317740869858.274 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-03T11:56:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-03T06:56:58Z", "ms": 1317625018463.149 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-03T12:44:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-03T07:44:58Z", "ms": 1317627898463.149 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-04T11:56:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-04T06:56:40Z", "ms": 1317711399810.4 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-04T12:44:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-04T07:44:40Z", "ms": 1317714279810.4 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 20:33 on Mon 3 Oct to 20:08 on Tue 4 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-03T15:32:50Z → 2011-10-04T15:07:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:57–12:45 on the 3rd, 11:57–12:45 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26590 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāṣṭamī, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 4 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 2011 falls on Tuesday 4 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 20:33 on Mon 3 Oct to 20:08 on Tue 4 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/mahashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/mahanavami", "festival": "mahanavami", "name": "Mahānavamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26590, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-04T20:07:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-04T15:07:50Z", "ms": 1317740869858.274 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-05T20:23:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-05T15:23:01Z", "ms": 1317828181306.2769 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-04T20:07:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-04T15:07:50Z", "ms": 1317740869858.274 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-05T20:23:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-05T15:23:01Z", "ms": 1317828181306.2769 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-04T11:56:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-04T06:56:40Z", "ms": 1317711399810.4 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-04T12:44:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-04T07:44:40Z", "ms": 1317714279810.4 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-10-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-05T11:56:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-05T06:56:21Z", "ms": 1317797781483.8315 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-05T12:44:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-05T07:44:21Z", "ms": 1317800661483.8315 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 20:08 on Tue 4 Oct to 20:23 on Wed 5 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-04T15:07:50Z → 2011-10-05T15:23:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:57–12:45 on the 4th, 11:56–12:44 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26590 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahānavamī, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 5 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahanavami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Mahanavami (purvaviddha) (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha covering one muhurta from sunrise)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Mahānavamī 2011 falls on Wednesday 5 October. Navamī runs from 20:08 on Tue 4 Oct to 20:23 on Wed 5 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/mahanavami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vijaya-dashami", "festival": "vijaya-dashami", "name": "Vijayā Daśamī", "everyday": "Dussehra", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9021, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 9, "key": "dashami", "name": "Daśamī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-05T20:23:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-05T15:23:01Z", "ms": 1317828181306.2769 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-06T21:13:52+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-06T16:13:52Z", "ms": 1317917632304.261 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "conjunction", "start": { "local": "2011-10-06T03:55:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-05T22:55:39Z", "ms": 1317855338664.2048 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-06T21:13:52+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-06T16:13:52Z", "ms": 1317917632304.261 }, "nakshatra": { "type": "nakshatra", "index": 21, "key": "shravana", "name": "Śravaṇa", "start": { "local": "2011-10-06T03:55:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-05T22:55:39Z", "ms": 1317855338664.2048 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-07T05:31:53+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-07T00:31:53Z", "ms": 1317947513033.4229 } } }, "kaala": "daytime", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-06T06:26:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-06T01:26:00Z", "ms": 1317864359838.8352 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-06T18:14:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-06T13:14:07Z", "ms": 1317906847169.7688 } }, "covered_min": 708, "window_min": 708, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-07T06:26:25+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-07T01:26:25Z", "ms": 1317950784990.1768 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-07T18:13:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-07T13:13:07Z", "ms": 1317993186796.191 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 707, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Daśamī runs from 20:23 on Wed 5 Oct to 21:14 on Thu 6 Oct, and Śravaṇa from 03:56 on Thu 6 Oct to 05:32 on Fri 7 Oct. They are together from 03:56 on Thu 6 Oct to 21:14 on Thu 6 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-05T22:55:39Z → 2011-10-06T16:13:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day time is sunrise to sunset: 06:26–18:14 on the 6th, 06:26–18:13 on the 7th.", "fact": "daytime: sunrise-to-sunset · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Where Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time, that day is taken. Together they cover 708 of 708 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 707 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9021 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Daśamī, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 6 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vijaya-dashami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 10 Vijaya dasami (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha, covering one muhurta from sunrise. In other places, if it touches Sravana naksatra in the day time it is observed on that day), Sarasvati visarjana (to be observed in naksatra Sravana), Dasahara." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day", "conjunction": { "nakshatra": "Śravaṇa", "kaala": "daytime" } }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vijayā Daśamī (Dussehra) 2011 falls on Thursday 6 October. Daśamī runs from 20:23 on Wed 5 Oct to 21:14 on Thu 6 Oct and is with Śravaṇa in the day time that day, for 708 minutes.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vijaya-dashami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-10-07", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28332, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-06T21:13:52+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-06T16:13:52Z", "ms": 1317917632304.261 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-07T22:34:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-07T17:34:39Z", "ms": 1318008878573.4924 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-06T21:13:52+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-06T16:13:52Z", "ms": 1317917632304.261 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-07T22:34:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-07T17:34:39Z", "ms": 1318008878573.4924 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-07T06:26:25+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-07T01:26:25Z", "ms": 1317950784990.1768 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-07T06:26:25+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-07T01:26:25Z", "ms": 1317950784990.1768 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-08T06:26:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-08T01:26:50Z", "ms": 1318037210445.3982 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-08T06:26:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-08T01:26:50Z", "ms": 1318037210445.3982 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:14 on Thu 6 Oct to 22:35 on Fri 7 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-06T16:13:52Z → 2011-10-07T17:34:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:26 on the 7th and 06:27 on the 8th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 7th and is not on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28332 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Friday 7 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Friday 7 October. Ekādaśī runs from 21:14 on Thu 6 Oct to 22:35 on Fri 7 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-10-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-10-09", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16153, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-09T00:19:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-08T19:19:21Z", "ms": 1318101561319.079 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-10T02:22:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-09T21:22:30Z", "ms": 1318195350491.5781 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-09T00:19:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-08T19:19:21Z", "ms": 1318101561319.079 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-10T02:22:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-09T21:22:30Z", "ms": 1318195350491.5781 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-08T18:12:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-08T13:12:07Z", "ms": 1318079526899.0251 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-08T19:50:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-08T14:50:08Z", "ms": 1318085408141.7698 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-09T18:11:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-09T13:11:08Z", "ms": 1318165867507.0999 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-09T19:49:20+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-09T14:49:20Z", "ms": 1318171760149.8806 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 00:19 on Sun 9 Oct to 02:23 on Mon 10 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-08T19:19:21Z → 2011-10-09T21:22:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:12–19:50 on the 8th, 18:11–19:49 on the 9th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 98 minutes on the 8th and 98 of 98 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16153 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 9 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Sunday 9 October. Trayodaśī runs from 00:19 on Sun 9 Oct to 02:23 on Mon 10 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-10-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/karaka-chaturthi", "festival": "karaka-chaturthi", "name": "Karaka Caturthī", "everyday": "Karwa Chauth", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14885, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-15T14:35:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-15T09:35:29Z", "ms": 1318671329001.6226 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-16T16:47:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-16T11:47:36Z", "ms": 1318765656350.4275 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-15T14:35:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-15T09:35:29Z", "ms": 1318671329001.6226 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-16T16:47:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-16T11:47:36Z", "ms": 1318765656350.4275 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-15T20:08:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-15T15:08:24Z", "ms": 1318691304009.3083 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-15T20:08:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-15T15:08:24Z", "ms": 1318691304009.3083 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-10-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-16T20:55:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-16T15:55:41Z", "ms": 1318780541032.8477 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-16T20:55:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-16T15:55:41Z", "ms": 1318780541032.8477 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:35 on Sat 15 Oct to 16:48 on Sun 16 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-15T09:35:29Z → 2011-10-16T11:47:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:08 on the 15th and 20:56 on the 16th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 15th and is not on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 14885 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Karaka Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 15 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "karaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Karaka caturthi (current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Karaka Caturthī (Karwa Chauth) 2011 falls on Saturday 15 October. Caturthī runs from 14:35 on Sat 15 Oct to 16:48 on Sun 16 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/karaka-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-10-15", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14885, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-15T14:35:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-15T09:35:29Z", "ms": 1318671329001.6226 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-16T16:47:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-16T11:47:36Z", "ms": 1318765656350.4275 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-15T14:35:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-15T09:35:29Z", "ms": 1318671329001.6226 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-16T16:47:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-16T11:47:36Z", "ms": 1318765656350.4275 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-15T20:08:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-15T15:08:24Z", "ms": 1318691304009.3083 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-15T20:08:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-15T15:08:24Z", "ms": 1318691304009.3083 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-10-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-16T20:55:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-16T15:55:41Z", "ms": 1318780541032.8477 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-16T20:55:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-16T15:55:41Z", "ms": 1318780541032.8477 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:35 on Sat 15 Oct to 16:48 on Sun 16 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-15T09:35:29Z → 2011-10-16T11:47:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:08 on the 15th and 20:56 on the 16th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 15th and is not on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14885 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 15 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2011 falls on Saturday 15 October. Caturthī runs from 14:35 on Sat 15 Oct to 16:48 on Sun 16 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-10-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ahoyi-ashtami", "festival": "ahoyi-ashtami", "name": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11287, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-19T20:29:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-19T15:29:28Z", "ms": 1319038168119.8406 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-20T20:19:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-20T15:19:18Z", "ms": 1319123958368.2888 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-19T20:29:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-19T15:29:28Z", "ms": 1319038168119.8406 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-20T20:19:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-20T15:19:18Z", "ms": 1319123958368.2888 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-19T23:37:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-19T18:37:35Z", "ms": 1319049455373.4924 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-19T23:37:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-19T18:37:35Z", "ms": 1319049455373.4924 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-21T00:36:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-20T19:36:03Z", "ms": 1319139363251.2803 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-21T00:36:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-20T19:36:03Z", "ms": 1319139363251.2803 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 20:29 on Wed 19 Oct to 20:19 on Thu 20 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-19T15:29:28Z → 2011-10-20T15:19:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:38 on the 19th and 00:36 on the 20th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 19th and is not on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11287 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 19 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ahoyi-ashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Ahoyi astami (Gujerat) (current at moonrise), Karastami (Maharashtra). If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Ahoyī Aṣṭamī 2011 falls on Wednesday 19 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 20:29 on Wed 19 Oct to 20:19 on Thu 20 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ahoyi-ashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-10-23", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ramā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30721, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-22T17:34:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-22T12:34:35Z", "ms": 1319286874733.8296 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-23T15:06:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-23T10:06:00Z", "ms": 1319364359738.9517 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-22T17:34:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-22T12:34:35Z", "ms": 1319286874733.8296 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-23T15:06:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-23T10:06:00Z", "ms": 1319364359738.9517 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-22T06:33:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-22T01:33:27Z", "ms": 1319247206673.0913 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-22T06:33:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-22T01:33:27Z", "ms": 1319247206673.0913 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-23T06:33:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-23T01:33:58Z", "ms": 1319333638282.6174 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-23T06:33:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-23T01:33:58Z", "ms": 1319333638282.6174 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 17:35 on Sat 22 Oct to 15:06 on Sun 23 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-22T12:34:35Z → 2011-10-23T10:06:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:33 on the 22nd and 06:34 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 22nd and is on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30721 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ramā Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 23 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Ramā Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Sunday 23 October. Ekādaśī runs from 17:35 on Sat 22 Oct to 15:06 on Sun 23 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-10-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/govatsa-dvadashi", "festival": "govatsa-dvadashi", "name": "Govatsa Dvādaśī", "everyday": "Vasu Baras", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10346, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 26, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-23T15:06:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-23T10:06:00Z", "ms": 1319364359738.9517 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-24T12:02:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-24T07:02:07Z", "ms": 1319439727191.6013 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-23T15:06:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-23T10:06:00Z", "ms": 1319364359738.9517 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-24T12:02:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-24T07:02:07Z", "ms": 1319439727191.6013 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-23T17:58:25+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-23T12:58:25Z", "ms": 1319374705437.7554 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-23T19:39:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-23T14:39:14Z", "ms": 1319380754095.3936 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-24T17:57:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-24T12:57:37Z", "ms": 1319461057108.3232 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-24T19:38:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-24T14:38:37Z", "ms": 1319467116551.937 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 15:06 on Sun 23 Oct to 12:02 on Mon 24 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-23T10:06:00Z → 2011-10-24T07:02:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:58–19:39 on the 23rd, 17:58–19:39 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 101 of 101 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 101 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 10346 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govatsa Dvādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 23 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govatsa-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 12 Govatsa dvadasi (pradosa vyapini). If occurs on two days, it is to be observed on the first day." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vasu Baras) 2011 falls on Sunday 23 October. Dvādaśī runs from 15:06 on Sun 23 Oct to 12:02 on Mon 24 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/govatsa-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/yama-dipadana", "festival": "yama-dipadana", "name": "Yama Dīpadāna", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21330, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-24T12:02:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-24T07:02:07Z", "ms": 1319439727191.6013 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-25T08:32:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T03:32:08Z", "ms": 1319513528067.175 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-24T12:02:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-24T07:02:07Z", "ms": 1319439727191.6013 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-25T08:32:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T03:32:08Z", "ms": 1319513528067.175 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-24T17:57:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-24T12:57:37Z", "ms": 1319461057108.3232 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-24T19:38:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-24T14:38:37Z", "ms": 1319467116551.937 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-25T17:56:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T12:56:50Z", "ms": 1319547409733.2297 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-25T19:38:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T14:38:00Z", "ms": 1319553479899.0356 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 12:02 on Mon 24 Oct to 08:32 on Tue 25 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-24T07:02:07Z → 2011-10-25T03:32:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:58–19:39 on the 24th, 17:57–19:38 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 101 of 101 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 101 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21330 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dīpadāna, Karachi, 2011: Monday 24 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dipadana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 13 Yama dipadana (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Yama Dīpadāna 2011 falls on Monday 24 October. Trayodaśī runs from 12:02 on Mon 24 Oct to 08:32 on Tue 25 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/yama-dipadana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-10-24", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21330, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-24T12:02:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-24T07:02:07Z", "ms": 1319439727191.6013 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-25T08:32:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T03:32:08Z", "ms": 1319513528067.175 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-24T12:02:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-24T07:02:07Z", "ms": 1319439727191.6013 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-25T08:32:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T03:32:08Z", "ms": 1319513528067.175 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-24T17:57:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-24T12:57:37Z", "ms": 1319461057108.3232 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-24T19:38:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-24T14:38:37Z", "ms": 1319467116551.937 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-25T17:56:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T12:56:50Z", "ms": 1319547409733.2297 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-25T19:38:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T14:38:00Z", "ms": 1319553479899.0356 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 12:02 on Mon 24 Oct to 08:32 on Tue 25 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-24T07:02:07Z → 2011-10-25T03:32:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:58–19:39 on the 24th, 17:57–19:38 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 101 of 101 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 101 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21330 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Monday 24 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Monday 24 October. Trayodaśī runs from 12:02 on Mon 24 Oct to 08:32 on Tue 25 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-10-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/naraka-chaturdashi", "festival": "naraka-chaturdashi", "name": "Naraka Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Choti Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-25", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 483, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-25T08:32:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T03:32:08Z", "ms": 1319513528067.175 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-26T04:46:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T23:46:23Z", "ms": 1319586383193.4124 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-25T08:32:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T03:32:08Z", "ms": 1319513528067.175 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-26T04:46:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T23:46:23Z", "ms": 1319586383193.4124 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-25T04:54:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-24T23:54:03Z", "ms": 1319500443491.8125 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-25T06:35:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T01:35:03Z", "ms": 1319506502935.4263 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-26T04:54:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T23:54:26Z", "ms": 1319586865810.9688 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-26T06:35:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T01:35:36Z", "ms": 1319592935976.7747 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 08:32 on Tue 25 Oct to 04:46 on Wed 26 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-25T03:32:08Z → 2011-10-25T23:46:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 04:54–06:35 on the 25th, 04:54–06:36 on the 26th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 101 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 101 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither dawn qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → tithi-day · margin 483 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Naraka Caturdaśī, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 25 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naraka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Naraka caturdasi (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-25", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-25", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Naraka Caturdaśī (Choti Diwali) 2011 falls on Tuesday 25 October. Caturdaśī runs from 08:32 on Tue 25 Oct to 04:46 on Wed 26 Oct, and reaches aruṇodaya on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/naraka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-10-25", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14770, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-25T08:32:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T03:32:08Z", "ms": 1319513528067.175 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-26T04:46:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T23:46:23Z", "ms": 1319586383193.4124 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-25T08:32:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T03:32:08Z", "ms": 1319513528067.175 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-26T04:46:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T23:46:23Z", "ms": 1319586383193.4124 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-24T23:52:20+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-24T18:52:20Z", "ms": 1319482340021.8748 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-25T00:40:20+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-24T19:40:20Z", "ms": 1319485220021.8748 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-25T23:52:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T18:52:13Z", "ms": 1319568732855.0022 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-26T00:40:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T19:40:13Z", "ms": 1319571612855.0022 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 08:32 on Tue 25 Oct to 04:46 on Wed 26 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-25T03:32:08Z → 2011-10-25T23:46:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:52–00:40 on the 24th, 23:52–00:40 on the 25th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 48 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14770 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 25 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śivarātri 2011 falls on Tuesday 25 October. Caturdaśī runs from 08:32 on Tue 25 Oct to 04:46 on Wed 26 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-10-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "festival": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "name": "Lakṣmī Pūjā", "everyday": "Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19103, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2011-10-26T04:46:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T23:46:23Z", "ms": 1319586383193.4124 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-27T00:55:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T19:55:48Z", "ms": 1319658947648.8557 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-26T04:46:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T23:46:23Z", "ms": 1319586383193.4124 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-27T00:55:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T19:55:48Z", "ms": 1319658947648.8557 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-25T17:56:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T12:56:50Z", "ms": 1319547409733.2297 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-25T19:38:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T14:38:00Z", "ms": 1319553479899.0356 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-26T17:56:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T12:56:03Z", "ms": 1319633763333.9607 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-26T19:37:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T14:37:24Z", "ms": 1319639844154.79 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 04:46 on Wed 26 Oct to 00:56 on Thu 27 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-25T23:46:23Z → 2011-10-26T19:55:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:57–19:38 on the 25th, 17:56–19:37 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 101 minutes on the 25th and 101 of 101 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19103 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pūjā, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 26 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali) 2011 falls on Wednesday 26 October. Amāvasyā runs from 04:46 on Wed 26 Oct to 00:56 on Thu 27 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/kali-puja", "festival": "kali-puja", "name": "Kālī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 941, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2011-10-26T04:46:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T23:46:23Z", "ms": 1319586383193.4124 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-27T00:55:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T19:55:48Z", "ms": 1319658947648.8557 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-26T04:46:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T23:46:23Z", "ms": 1319586383193.4124 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-27T00:55:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T19:55:48Z", "ms": 1319658947648.8557 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-25T23:52:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T18:52:13Z", "ms": 1319568732855.0022 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-26T00:40:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-25T19:40:13Z", "ms": 1319571612855.0022 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-26T23:52:06+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T18:52:06Z", "ms": 1319655126412.0708 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-27T00:40:06+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T19:40:06Z", "ms": 1319658006412.0708 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 04:46 on Wed 26 Oct to 00:56 on Thu 27 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-25T23:46:23Z → 2011-10-26T19:55:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:52–00:40 on the 25th, 23:52–00:40 on the 26th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 941 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kālī Pūjā, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 26 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kālī Pūjā 2011 falls on Wednesday 26 October. Amāvasyā runs from 04:46 on Wed 26 Oct to 00:56 on Thu 27 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/kali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/govardhana-puja", "festival": "govardhana-puja", "name": "Govardhana Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30698, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2011-10-27T00:55:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T19:55:48Z", "ms": 1319658947648.8557 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-27T21:11:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-27T16:11:22Z", "ms": 1319731881680.5967 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-27T00:55:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T19:55:48Z", "ms": 1319658947648.8557 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-27T21:11:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-27T16:11:22Z", "ms": 1319731881680.5967 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-26T11:51:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T06:51:50Z", "ms": 1319611909655.3677 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-26T12:39:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T07:39:50Z", "ms": 1319614789655.3677 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-27T11:51:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-27T06:51:44Z", "ms": 1319698303710.5298 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-27T12:39:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-27T07:39:44Z", "ms": 1319701183710.5298 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 00:56 on Thu 27 Oct to 21:11 on Thu 27 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-26T19:55:48Z → 2011-10-27T16:11:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:52–12:40 on the 26th, 11:52–12:40 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 30698 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govardhana Pūjā, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govardhana-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Govardhana Pūjā 2011 falls on Thursday 27 October. Pratipadā runs from 00:56 on Thu 27 Oct to 21:11 on Thu 27 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/govardhana-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/bali-puja", "festival": "bali-puja", "name": "Bali Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5672, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2011-10-27T00:55:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T19:55:48Z", "ms": 1319658947648.8557 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-27T21:11:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-27T16:11:22Z", "ms": 1319731881680.5967 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-27T00:55:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T19:55:48Z", "ms": 1319658947648.8557 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-27T21:11:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-27T16:11:22Z", "ms": 1319731881680.5967 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-26T17:56:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T12:56:03Z", "ms": 1319633763333.9607 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-26T19:37:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T14:37:24Z", "ms": 1319639844154.79 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-27T17:55:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-27T12:55:18Z", "ms": 1319720117930.8784 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-27T19:36:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-27T14:36:49Z", "ms": 1319726209336.1218 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 00:56 on Thu 27 Oct to 21:11 on Thu 27 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-26T19:55:48Z → 2011-10-27T16:11:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:56–19:37 on the 26th, 17:55–19:37 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 101 minutes on the 26th and 102 of 102 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5672 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bali Pūjā, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Bali Pūjā 2011 falls on Thursday 27 October. Pratipadā runs from 00:56 on Thu 27 Oct to 21:11 on Thu 27 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/bali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/dyuta-pratipad", "festival": "dyuta-pratipad", "name": "Dyūta Pratipad", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20422, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2011-10-27T00:55:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T19:55:48Z", "ms": 1319658947648.8557 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-27T21:11:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-27T16:11:22Z", "ms": 1319731881680.5967 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-27T00:55:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-26T19:55:48Z", "ms": 1319658947648.8557 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-27T21:11:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-27T16:11:22Z", "ms": 1319731881680.5967 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-27T06:36:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-27T01:36:09Z", "ms": 1319679369490.181 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-27T10:22:32+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-27T05:22:32Z", "ms": 1319692952303.7468 } }, "covered_min": 226, "window_min": 226, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-28T06:36:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-28T01:36:43Z", "ms": 1319765803470.2046 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-28T10:22:40+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-28T05:22:40Z", "ms": 1319779360161.4165 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 226, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 00:56 on Thu 27 Oct to 21:11 on Thu 27 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-26T19:55:48Z → 2011-10-27T16:11:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:36–10:23 on the 27th, 06:37–10:23 on the 28th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 226 of 226 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 226 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20422 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dyūta Pratipad, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dyuta-pratipad", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Dyūta Pratipad 2011 falls on Thursday 27 October. Pratipadā runs from 00:56 on Thu 27 Oct to 21:11 on Thu 27 Oct and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/dyuta-pratipad", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/yama-dvitiya", "festival": "yama-dvitiya", "name": "Yama Dvitīyā", "everyday": "Bhai Dooj", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18246, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2011-10-27T21:11:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-27T16:11:22Z", "ms": 1319731881680.5967 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-28T17:43:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-28T12:43:45Z", "ms": 1319805824871.079 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-27T21:11:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-27T16:11:22Z", "ms": 1319731881680.5967 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-28T17:43:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-28T12:43:45Z", "ms": 1319805824871.079 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-27T11:51:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-27T06:51:44Z", "ms": 1319698303710.5298 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-27T12:39:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-27T07:39:44Z", "ms": 1319701183710.5298 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-28T11:51:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-28T06:51:39Z", "ms": 1319784698507.0225 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-28T12:39:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-28T07:39:39Z", "ms": 1319787578507.0225 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 21:11 on Thu 27 Oct to 17:44 on Fri 28 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-27T16:11:22Z → 2011-10-28T12:43:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:52–12:40 on the 27th, 11:52–12:40 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 18246 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dvitīyā, Karachi, 2011: Friday 28 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dvitiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Bhratrdvitiya, Yamadvitiya (madhyahna, purvaviddha), Masyadhara (Dwat) puja (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Yama Dvitīyā (Bhai Dooj) 2011 falls on Friday 28 October. Dvitīyā runs from 21:11 on Thu 27 Oct to 17:44 on Fri 28 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/yama-dvitiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/naga-chaturthi", "festival": "naga-chaturthi", "name": "Nāga Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1340, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-29T14:42:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-29T09:42:50Z", "ms": 1319881369619.6367 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-30T12:17:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-30T07:17:11Z", "ms": 1319959030813.1714 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-29T14:42:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-29T09:42:50Z", "ms": 1319881369619.6367 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-30T12:17:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-30T07:17:11Z", "ms": 1319959030813.1714 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-29T11:51:34+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-29T06:51:34Z", "ms": 1319871094051.6484 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-29T12:39:34+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-29T07:39:34Z", "ms": 1319873974051.6484 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-30T11:51:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-30T06:51:30Z", "ms": 1319957490351.3574 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-30T12:39:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-30T07:39:30Z", "ms": 1319960370351.3574 } }, "covered_min": 26, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:43 on Sat 29 Oct to 12:17 on Sun 30 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-29T09:42:50Z → 2011-10-30T07:17:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:52–12:40 on the 29th, 11:52–12:40 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 26 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1340 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Naga caturthi (paraviddha and madhyahnavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Nāga Caturthī 2011 falls on Sunday 30 October. Caturthī runs from 14:43 on Sat 29 Oct to 12:17 on Sun 30 Oct and covers 26 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/naga-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-10-30", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1340, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-29T14:42:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-29T09:42:50Z", "ms": 1319881369619.6367 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-30T12:17:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-30T07:17:11Z", "ms": 1319959030813.1714 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-29T14:42:50+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-29T09:42:50Z", "ms": 1319881369619.6367 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-30T12:17:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-30T07:17:11Z", "ms": 1319959030813.1714 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-29T11:51:34+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-29T06:51:34Z", "ms": 1319871094051.6484 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-29T12:39:34+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-29T07:39:34Z", "ms": 1319873974051.6484 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-30T11:51:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-30T06:51:30Z", "ms": 1319957490351.3574 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-30T12:39:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-30T07:39:30Z", "ms": 1319960370351.3574 } }, "covered_min": 26, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:43 on Sat 29 Oct to 12:17 on Sun 30 Oct.", "fact": "2011-10-29T09:42:50Z → 2011-10-30T07:17:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:52–12:40 on the 29th, 11:52–12:40 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 26 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1340 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vināyaka Caturthī 2011 falls on Sunday 30 October. Caturthī runs from 14:43 on Sat 29 Oct to 12:17 on Sun 30 Oct and covers 26 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-10-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/surya-shashthi", "festival": "surya-shashthi", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī", "everyday": "Chhath", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-10-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4677, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2011-10-31T10:33:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-31T05:33:31Z", "ms": 1320039210791.4739 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-01T09:36:02+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-01T04:36:02Z", "ms": 1320122162390.1853 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-10-31T10:33:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-31T05:33:31Z", "ms": 1320039210791.4739 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-01T09:36:02+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-01T04:36:02Z", "ms": 1320122162390.1853 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-10-31T11:51:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-31T06:51:27Z", "ms": 1320043887413.5918 }, "end": { "local": "2011-10-31T12:39:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-10-31T07:39:27Z", "ms": 1320046767413.5918 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-01T11:51:25+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-01T06:51:25Z", "ms": 1320130285246.394 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-01T12:39:25+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-01T07:39:25Z", "ms": 1320133165246.394 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 10:34 on Mon 31 Oct to 09:36 on Tue 1 Nov.", "fact": "2011-10-31T05:33:31Z → 2011-11-01T04:36:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:51–12:39 on the 31st, 11:51–12:39 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4677 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī, Karachi, 2011: Monday 31 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Nadi sasthi, Skanda sasthi (Madras), Surya sasthi, Chhat (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Chhath) 2011 falls on Monday 31 October. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 10:34 on Mon 31 Oct to 09:36 on Tue 1 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/surya-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/gopashtami", "festival": "gopashtami", "name": "Gopāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-11-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6612, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2011-11-02T09:25:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-02T04:25:57Z", "ms": 1320207957406.334 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-03T10:01:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-03T05:01:11Z", "ms": 1320296471404.0466 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-11-02T09:25:57+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-02T04:25:57Z", "ms": 1320207957406.334 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-03T10:01:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-03T05:01:11Z", "ms": 1320296471404.0466 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-02T11:51:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-02T06:51:24Z", "ms": 1320216683858.2993 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-02T12:39:24+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-02T07:39:24Z", "ms": 1320219563858.2993 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-03T11:51:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-03T06:51:23Z", "ms": 1320303083258.107 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-03T12:39:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-03T07:39:23Z", "ms": 1320305963258.107 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 09:26 on Wed 2 Nov to 10:01 on Thu 3 Nov.", "fact": "2011-11-02T04:25:57Z → 2011-11-03T05:01:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:51–12:39 on the 2nd, 11:51–12:39 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6612 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gopāṣṭamī, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 2 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gopashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Gopāṣṭamī 2011 falls on Wednesday 2 November. Aṣṭamī runs from 09:26 on Wed 2 Nov to 10:01 on Thu 3 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/gopashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/durga-navami", "festival": "durga-navami", "name": "Durgā Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2088, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2011-11-03T10:01:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-03T05:01:11Z", "ms": 1320296471404.0466 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-04T11:16:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-04T06:16:35Z", "ms": 1320387395306.6467 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-11-03T10:01:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-03T05:01:11Z", "ms": 1320296471404.0466 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-04T11:16:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-04T06:16:35Z", "ms": 1320387395306.6467 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-03T11:51:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-03T06:51:23Z", "ms": 1320303083258.107 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-03T12:39:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-03T07:39:23Z", "ms": 1320305963258.107 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-04T11:51:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-04T06:51:23Z", "ms": 1320389483454.6965 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-04T12:39:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-04T07:39:23Z", "ms": 1320392363454.6965 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 10:01 on Thu 3 Nov to 11:17 on Fri 4 Nov.", "fact": "2011-11-03T05:01:11Z → 2011-11-04T06:16:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:51–12:39 on the 3rd, 11:51–12:39 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 2088 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Navamī, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Durgā Navamī 2011 falls on Thursday 3 November. Navamī runs from 10:01 on Thu 3 Nov to 11:17 on Fri 4 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/durga-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/akshaya-navami", "festival": "akshaya-navami", "name": "Akṣaya Navamī", "everyday": "Amla Navami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-11-04", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1350, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2011-11-03T10:01:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-03T05:01:11Z", "ms": 1320296471404.0466 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-04T11:16:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-04T06:16:35Z", "ms": 1320387395306.6467 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-11-03T10:01:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-03T05:01:11Z", "ms": 1320296471404.0466 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-04T11:16:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-04T06:16:35Z", "ms": 1320387395306.6467 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-03T06:40:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-03T01:40:17Z", "ms": 1320284416788.2905 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-03T10:23:41+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-03T05:23:41Z", "ms": 1320297821101.5015 } }, "covered_min": 22, "window_min": 223, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-04T06:40:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-04T01:40:54Z", "ms": 1320370853858.2683 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-04T10:23:54+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-04T05:23:54Z", "ms": 1320384233589.2205 } }, "covered_min": 223, "window_min": 223, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 10:01 on Thu 3 Nov to 11:17 on Fri 4 Nov.", "fact": "2011-11-03T05:01:11Z → 2011-11-04T06:16:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:40–10:24 on the 3rd, 06:41–10:24 on the 4th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 22 of 223 minutes on the 3rd and 223 of 223 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both forenoons qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1350 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Navamī, Karachi, 2011: Friday 4 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-04", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-04", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Akṣaya Navamī (Amla Navami) 2011 falls on Friday 4 November. Navamī runs from 10:01 on Thu 3 Nov to 11:17 on Fri 4 Nov and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon. It also reaches the previous forenoon for 22 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/akshaya-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-11-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-11-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22986, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-11-05T13:04:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-05T08:04:37Z", "ms": 1320480277443.0125 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-06T15:16:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-06T10:16:28Z", "ms": 1320574588213.6042 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-11-05T13:04:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-05T08:04:37Z", "ms": 1320480277443.0125 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-06T15:16:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-06T10:16:28Z", "ms": 1320574588213.6042 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-05T06:41:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-05T01:41:31Z", "ms": 1320457291346.5518 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-05T06:41:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-05T01:41:31Z", "ms": 1320457291346.5518 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-06T06:42:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-06T01:42:09Z", "ms": 1320543729246.914 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-06T06:42:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-06T01:42:09Z", "ms": 1320543729246.914 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:05 on Sat 5 Nov to 15:16 on Sun 6 Nov.", "fact": "2011-11-05T08:04:37Z → 2011-11-06T10:16:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:42 on the 5th and 06:42 on the 6th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 5th and is on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22986 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Sunday 6 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Prabodhinī Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Sunday 6 November. Ekādaśī runs from 13:05 on Sat 5 Nov to 15:16 on Sun 6 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-11-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-11-08", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-11-08", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 301, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-11-07T17:43:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-07T12:43:09Z", "ms": 1320669789469.9639 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-08T20:16:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-08T15:16:29Z", "ms": 1320765388650.3254 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-11-07T17:43:09+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-07T12:43:09Z", "ms": 1320669789469.9639 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-08T20:16:29+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-08T15:16:29Z", "ms": 1320765388650.3254 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-07T17:48:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-07T12:48:10Z", "ms": 1320670090269.678 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-07T19:31:32+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-07T14:31:32Z", "ms": 1320676292401.165 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-08T17:47:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-08T12:47:39Z", "ms": 1320756458501.9937 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-08T19:31:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-08T14:31:10Z", "ms": 1320762670081.5247 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:43 on Mon 7 Nov to 20:16 on Tue 8 Nov.", "fact": "2011-11-07T12:43:09Z → 2011-11-08T15:16:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:48–19:32 on the 7th, 17:48–19:31 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 103 of 103 minutes on the 7th and 104 of 104 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 301 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 8 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-08", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-07", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Tuesday 8 November. Trayodaśī runs from 17:43 on Mon 7 Nov to 20:16 on Tue 8 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 103 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-11-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/kartiki-purnima", "festival": "kartiki-purnima", "name": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-11-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36588, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2011-11-09T22:49:25+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-09T17:49:25Z", "ms": 1320860964998.4453 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-11T01:16:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-10T20:16:07Z", "ms": 1320956166949.9553 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-11-09T22:49:25+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-09T17:49:25Z", "ms": 1320860964998.4453 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-11T01:16:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-10T20:16:07Z", "ms": 1320956166949.9553 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-09T11:51:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-09T06:51:37Z", "ms": 1320821496683.3784 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-09T12:39:37+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-09T07:39:37Z", "ms": 1320824376683.3784 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-10T11:51:42+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-10T06:51:42Z", "ms": 1320907901830.8809 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-10T12:39:42+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-10T07:39:42Z", "ms": 1320910781830.8809 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 22:49 on Wed 9 Nov to 01:16 on Fri 11 Nov.", "fact": "2011-11-09T17:49:25Z → 2011-11-10T20:16:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:52–12:40 on the 9th, 11:52–12:40 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36588 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 10 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kartiki-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kārtikī Pūrṇimā 2011 falls on Thursday 10 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 22:49 on Wed 9 Nov to 01:16 on Fri 11 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/kartiki-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/rasayatra", "festival": "rasayatra", "name": "Rāsayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-11-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2165, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2011-11-09T22:49:25+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-09T17:49:25Z", "ms": 1320860964998.4453 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-11T01:16:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-10T20:16:07Z", "ms": 1320956166949.9553 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-11-09T22:49:25+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-09T17:49:25Z", "ms": 1320860964998.4453 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-11T01:16:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-10T20:16:07Z", "ms": 1320956166949.9553 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-09T23:51:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-09T18:51:56Z", "ms": 1320864716419.7373 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-10T00:39:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-09T19:39:56Z", "ms": 1320867596419.7373 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-10T23:52:02+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-10T18:52:02Z", "ms": 1320951121752.1455 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-11T00:40:02+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-10T19:40:02Z", "ms": 1320954001752.1455 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 22:49 on Wed 9 Nov to 01:16 on Fri 11 Nov.", "fact": "2011-11-09T17:49:25Z → 2011-11-10T20:16:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:52–00:40 on the 9th, 23:52–00:40 on the 10th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both nights qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 2165 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāsayātrā, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 10 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rasayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Rāsayātrā 2011 falls on Thursday 10 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 22:49 on Wed 9 Nov to 01:16 on Fri 11 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night. It also reaches the previous night for 48 minutes; by the rule the second night is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/rasayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-11-14", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-11-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 41149, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-11-14T07:09:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-14T02:09:07Z", "ms": 1321236546621.2185 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-15T08:21:33+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-15T03:21:33Z", "ms": 1321327292602.2815 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-11-14T07:09:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-14T02:09:07Z", "ms": 1321236546621.2185 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-15T08:21:33+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-15T03:21:33Z", "ms": 1321327292602.2815 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-13T19:43:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-13T14:43:18Z", "ms": 1321195397781.4146 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-13T19:43:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-13T14:43:18Z", "ms": 1321195397781.4146 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-14T20:36:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-14T15:36:35Z", "ms": 1321284994711.585 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-14T20:36:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-14T15:36:35Z", "ms": 1321284994711.585 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:09 on Mon 14 Nov to 08:22 on Tue 15 Nov.", "fact": "2011-11-14T02:09:07Z → 2011-11-15T03:21:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:43 on the 13th and 20:37 on the 14th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 13th and is on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 41149 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Monday 14 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2011 falls on Monday 14 November. Caturthī runs from 07:09 on Mon 14 Nov to 08:22 on Tue 15 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-11-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-11-21", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Utpannā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-11-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12653, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-11-21T03:21:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-20T22:21:27Z", "ms": 1321827687413.7168 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-22T00:32:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-21T19:32:08Z", "ms": 1321903927550.7683 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-11-21T03:21:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-20T22:21:27Z", "ms": 1321827687413.7168 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-22T00:32:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-21T19:32:08Z", "ms": 1321903927550.7683 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-11-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-21T06:52:20+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-21T01:52:20Z", "ms": 1321840340245.2852 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-21T06:52:20+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-21T01:52:20Z", "ms": 1321840340245.2852 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-11-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-22T06:53:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-22T01:53:03Z", "ms": 1321926783085.4915 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-22T06:53:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-22T01:53:03Z", "ms": 1321926783085.4915 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 03:21 on Mon 21 Nov to 00:32 on Tue 22 Nov.", "fact": "2011-11-20T22:21:27Z → 2011-11-21T19:32:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:52 on the 21st and 06:53 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 21st and is not on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12653 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Utpannā Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Monday 21 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Utpannā Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Monday 21 November. Ekādaśī runs from 03:21 on Mon 21 Nov to 00:32 on Tue 22 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-11-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-11-23", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-11-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 940, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-11-22T21:21:33+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-22T16:21:33Z", "ms": 1321978893473.7122 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-23T17:58:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-23T12:58:07Z", "ms": 1322053086832.3838 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-11-22T21:21:33+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-22T16:21:33Z", "ms": 1321978893473.7122 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-23T17:58:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-23T12:58:07Z", "ms": 1322053086832.3838 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-11-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-22T17:42:38+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-22T12:42:38Z", "ms": 1321965757689.698 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-22T19:28:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-22T14:28:07Z", "ms": 1321972086805.0117 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-23T17:42:27+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-23T12:42:27Z", "ms": 1322052147136.5496 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-23T19:28:03+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-23T14:28:03Z", "ms": 1322058483400.8682 } }, "covered_min": 16, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 21:22 on Tue 22 Nov to 17:58 on Wed 23 Nov.", "fact": "2011-11-22T16:21:33Z → 2011-11-23T12:58:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:43–19:28 on the 22nd, 17:42–19:28 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 105 minutes on the 22nd and 16 of 106 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 940 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 23 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Wednesday 23 November. Trayodaśī runs from 21:22 on Tue 22 Nov to 17:58 on Wed 23 Nov and covers 16 of 106 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-11-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-11-23", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-11-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21381, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-11-23T17:58:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-23T12:58:07Z", "ms": 1322053086832.3838 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-24T14:30:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-24T09:30:58Z", "ms": 1322127057514.5186 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-11-23T17:58:07+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-23T12:58:07Z", "ms": 1322053086832.3838 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-24T14:30:58+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-24T09:30:58Z", "ms": 1322127057514.5186 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-23T23:54:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-23T18:54:28Z", "ms": 1322074468127.7441 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-24T00:42:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-23T19:42:28Z", "ms": 1322077348127.7441 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-24T23:54:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-24T18:54:45Z", "ms": 1322160885166.1885 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-25T00:42:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-24T19:42:45Z", "ms": 1322163765166.1885 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 17:58 on Wed 23 Nov to 14:31 on Thu 24 Nov.", "fact": "2011-11-23T12:58:07Z → 2011-11-24T09:30:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:54–00:42 on the 23rd, 23:55–00:43 on the 24th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21381 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 23 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śivarātri 2011 falls on Wednesday 23 November. Caturdaśī runs from 17:58 on Wed 23 Nov to 14:31 on Thu 24 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-11-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-11-28", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-11-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31184, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-11-28T03:15:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-27T22:15:56Z", "ms": 1322432155537.369 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-29T01:49:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-28T20:49:22Z", "ms": 1322513361566.3706 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-11-28T03:15:56+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-27T22:15:56Z", "ms": 1322432155537.369 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-29T01:49:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-28T20:49:22Z", "ms": 1322513361566.3706 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-11-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-28T11:55:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-28T06:55:39Z", "ms": 1322463339259.8994 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-28T12:43:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-28T07:43:39Z", "ms": 1322466219259.8994 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-11-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-29T11:56:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-29T06:56:00Z", "ms": 1322549759974.564 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-29T12:44:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-29T07:44:00Z", "ms": 1322552639974.564 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:16 on Mon 28 Nov to 01:49 on Tue 29 Nov.", "fact": "2011-11-27T22:15:56Z → 2011-11-28T20:49:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:56–12:44 on the 28th, 11:56–12:44 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31184 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Monday 28 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vināyaka Caturthī 2011 falls on Monday 28 November. Caturthī runs from 03:16 on Mon 28 Nov to 01:49 on Tue 29 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-11-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "festival": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-11-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36398, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2011-11-29T01:49:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-28T20:49:22Z", "ms": 1322513361566.3706 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-30T01:08:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-29T20:08:35Z", "ms": 1322597314785.813 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-11-29T01:49:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-28T20:49:22Z", "ms": 1322513361566.3706 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-30T01:08:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-29T20:08:35Z", "ms": 1322597314785.813 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-11-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-29T11:56:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-29T06:56:00Z", "ms": 1322549759974.564 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-29T12:44:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-29T07:44:00Z", "ms": 1322552639974.564 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-30T11:56:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-30T06:56:21Z", "ms": 1322636181367.1174 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-30T12:44:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-30T07:44:21Z", "ms": 1322639061367.1174 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 01:49 on Tue 29 Nov to 01:09 on Wed 30 Nov.", "fact": "2011-11-28T20:49:22Z → 2011-11-29T20:08:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:56–12:44 on the 29th, 11:56–12:44 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36398 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa), Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 29 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (2nd) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa) 2011 falls on Tuesday 29 November. Pañcamī runs from 01:49 on Tue 29 Nov to 01:09 on Wed 30 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/champa-shashthi", "festival": "champa-shashthi", "name": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-11-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38458, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2011-11-30T01:08:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-29T20:08:35Z", "ms": 1322597314785.813 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-01T01:15:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-30T20:15:45Z", "ms": 1322684145166.1348 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-11-30T01:08:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-29T20:08:35Z", "ms": 1322597314785.813 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-01T01:15:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-30T20:15:45Z", "ms": 1322684145166.1348 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-30T11:56:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-30T06:56:21Z", "ms": 1322636181367.1174 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-30T12:44:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-30T07:44:21Z", "ms": 1322639061367.1174 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-01T11:56:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-01T06:56:43Z", "ms": 1322722603416.4326 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-01T12:44:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-01T07:44:43Z", "ms": 1322725483416.4326 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 01:09 on Wed 30 Nov to 01:16 on Thu 1 Dec.", "fact": "2011-11-29T20:08:35Z → 2011-11-30T20:15:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:56–12:44 on the 30th, 11:57–12:45 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 38458 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 30 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "champa-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Śatabhiṣaj nakṣatra, Vyatīpāta yoga and a Sunday; none is tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Campā Ṣaṣṭhī 2011 falls on Wednesday 30 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 01:09 on Wed 30 Nov to 01:16 on Thu 1 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/champa-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/skanda-shashthi", "festival": "skanda-shashthi", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-11-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38458, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2011-11-30T01:08:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-29T20:08:35Z", "ms": 1322597314785.813 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-01T01:15:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-30T20:15:45Z", "ms": 1322684145166.1348 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-11-30T01:08:35+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-29T20:08:35Z", "ms": 1322597314785.813 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-01T01:15:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-30T20:15:45Z", "ms": 1322684145166.1348 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-11-30T11:56:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-30T06:56:21Z", "ms": 1322636181367.1174 }, "end": { "local": "2011-11-30T12:44:21+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-30T07:44:21Z", "ms": 1322639061367.1174 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-01T11:56:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-01T06:56:43Z", "ms": 1322722603416.4326 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-01T12:44:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-01T07:44:43Z", "ms": 1322725483416.4326 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 01:09 on Wed 30 Nov to 01:16 on Thu 1 Dec.", "fact": "2011-11-29T20:08:35Z → 2011-11-30T20:15:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:56–12:44 on the 30th, 11:57–12:45 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 38458 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 30 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī 2011 falls on Wednesday 30 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 01:09 on Wed 30 Nov to 01:16 on Thu 1 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/skanda-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/mitra-saptami", "festival": "mitra-saptami", "name": "Mitra Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-12-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35259, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2011-12-01T01:15:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-30T20:15:45Z", "ms": 1322684145166.1348 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-02T02:09:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-01T21:09:28Z", "ms": 1322773767522.6716 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-12-01T01:15:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-11-30T20:15:45Z", "ms": 1322684145166.1348 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-02T02:09:28+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-01T21:09:28Z", "ms": 1322773767522.6716 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-01T11:56:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-01T06:56:43Z", "ms": 1322722603416.4326 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-01T12:44:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-01T07:44:43Z", "ms": 1322725483416.4326 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-02T11:57:06+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-02T06:57:06Z", "ms": 1322809026101.2666 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-02T12:45:06+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-02T07:45:06Z", "ms": 1322811906101.2666 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 01:16 on Thu 1 Dec to 02:09 on Fri 2 Dec.", "fact": "2011-11-30T20:15:45Z → 2011-12-01T21:09:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:57–12:45 on the 1st, 11:57–12:45 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 35259 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mitra Saptamī, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 1 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mitra-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Mitra saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Mitra Saptamī 2011 falls on Thursday 1 December. Saptamī runs from 01:16 on Thu 1 Dec to 02:09 on Fri 2 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/mitra-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-12-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-12-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4674, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-12-05T08:20:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-05T03:20:13Z", "ms": 1323055212751.7207 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-06T10:57:32+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-06T05:57:32Z", "ms": 1323151051898.8718 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-12-05T08:20:13+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-05T03:20:13Z", "ms": 1323055212751.7207 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-06T10:57:32+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-06T05:57:32Z", "ms": 1323151051898.8718 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-12-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-05T07:02:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-05T02:02:18Z", "ms": 1323050538326.9363 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-05T07:02:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-05T02:02:18Z", "ms": 1323050538326.9363 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-12-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-06T07:03:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-06T02:03:00Z", "ms": 1323136979587.6516 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-06T07:03:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-06T02:03:00Z", "ms": 1323136979587.6516 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:20 on Mon 5 Dec to 10:58 on Tue 6 Dec.", "fact": "2011-12-05T03:20:13Z → 2011-12-06T05:57:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:02 on the 5th and 07:03 on the 6th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 5th and is on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4674 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Tuesday 6 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Mokṣadā Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Tuesday 6 December. Ekādaśī runs from 08:20 on Mon 5 Dec to 10:58 on Tue 6 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-12-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/akhanda-dvadashi", "festival": "akhanda-dvadashi", "name": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-12-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2702, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-12-06T10:57:32+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-06T05:57:32Z", "ms": 1323151051898.8718 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-07T13:32:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-07T08:32:10Z", "ms": 1323246729989.9897 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-12-06T10:57:32+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-06T05:57:32Z", "ms": 1323151051898.8718 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-07T13:32:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-07T08:32:10Z", "ms": 1323246729989.9897 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-12-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-06T11:58:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-06T06:58:43Z", "ms": 1323154722759.199 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-06T12:46:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-06T07:46:43Z", "ms": 1323157602759.199 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-12-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-07T11:59:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-07T06:59:08Z", "ms": 1323241148289.9717 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-07T12:47:08+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-07T07:47:08Z", "ms": 1323244028289.9717 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 10:58 on Tue 6 Dec to 13:32 on Wed 7 Dec.", "fact": "2011-12-06T05:57:32Z → 2011-12-07T08:32:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:59–12:47 on the 6th, 11:59–12:47 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 2702 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 7 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akhanda-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Matsya dvadasi, Akhanda dvadasi (paraviddha), Vyanjana dvadasi & Dana dvadasi (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī 2011 falls on Wednesday 7 December. Dvādaśī runs from 10:58 on Tue 6 Dec to 13:32 on Wed 7 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/akhanda-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-12-07", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-12-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6498, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-12-07T13:32:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-07T08:32:10Z", "ms": 1323246729989.9897 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-08T15:54:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-08T10:54:30Z", "ms": 1323341669725.295 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-12-07T13:32:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-07T08:32:10Z", "ms": 1323246729989.9897 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-08T15:54:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-08T10:54:30Z", "ms": 1323341669725.295 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-12-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-07T17:42:36+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-07T12:42:36Z", "ms": 1323261756125.072 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-07T19:29:30+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-07T14:29:30Z", "ms": 1323268170093.9604 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-12-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-08T17:42:48+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-08T12:42:48Z", "ms": 1323348167748.409 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-08T19:29:45+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-08T14:29:45Z", "ms": 1323354585496.8167 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:32 on Wed 7 Dec to 15:54 on Thu 8 Dec.", "fact": "2011-12-07T08:32:10Z → 2011-12-08T10:54:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:43–19:30 on the 7th, 17:43–19:30 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 107 of 107 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 107 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6498 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 7 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Wednesday 7 December. Trayodaśī runs from 13:32 on Wed 7 Dec to 15:54 on Thu 8 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-12-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/dattatreyotpatti", "festival": "dattatreyotpatti", "name": "Dattātreyotpatti", "everyday": "Datta Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-12-10", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 363, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2011-12-09T17:57:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-09T12:57:26Z", "ms": 1323435445594.0315 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-10T19:36:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-10T14:36:23Z", "ms": 1323527783262.7546 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-12-09T17:57:26+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-09T12:57:26Z", "ms": 1323435445594.0315 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-10T19:36:23+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-10T14:36:23Z", "ms": 1323527783262.7546 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-09T17:43:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-09T12:43:01Z", "ms": 1323434580788.575 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-09T19:30:02+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-09T14:30:02Z", "ms": 1323441002060.4175 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2011-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-10T17:43:15+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-10T12:43:15Z", "ms": 1323520995232.3062 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-10T19:30:20+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-10T14:30:20Z", "ms": 1323527419768.3901 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:57 on Fri 9 Dec to 19:36 on Sat 10 Dec.", "fact": "2011-12-09T12:57:26Z → 2011-12-10T14:36:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:43–19:30 on the 9th, 17:43–19:30 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 93 of 107 minutes on the 9th and 107 of 107 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 363 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dattātreyotpatti, Karachi, 2011: Saturday 10 December.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dattatreyotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Dattatreyotpatti (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-10", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-09", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Dattātreyotpatti (Datta Jayanti) 2011 falls on Saturday 10 December. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:57 on Fri 9 Dec to 19:36 on Sat 10 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 93 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/dattatreyotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-12-14", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-12-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1205, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-12-13T21:51:34+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-13T16:51:34Z", "ms": 1323795093703.015 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-14T21:42:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-14T16:42:04Z", "ms": 1323880924301.4976 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-12-13T21:51:34+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-13T16:51:34Z", "ms": 1323795093703.015 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-14T21:42:04+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-14T16:42:04Z", "ms": 1323880924301.4976 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-12-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-13T20:24:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-13T15:24:10Z", "ms": 1323789850455.7546 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-13T20:24:10+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-13T15:24:10Z", "ms": 1323789850455.7546 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-12-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-14T21:22:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-14T16:22:00Z", "ms": 1323879719642.7363 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-14T21:22:00+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-14T16:22:00Z", "ms": 1323879719642.7363 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:52 on Tue 13 Dec to 21:42 on Wed 14 Dec.", "fact": "2011-12-13T16:51:34Z → 2011-12-14T16:42:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:24 on the 13th and 21:22 on the 14th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 13th and is on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1205 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 14 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2011 falls on Wednesday 14 December. Caturthī runs from 21:52 on Tue 13 Dec to 21:42 on Wed 14 Dec and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2011-12-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-12-21", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-12-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8852, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-12-20T12:17:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-20T07:17:18Z", "ms": 1324365437562.9685 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-21T09:39:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-21T04:39:43Z", "ms": 1324442382775.8284 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-12-20T12:17:18+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-20T07:17:18Z", "ms": 1324365437562.9685 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-21T09:39:43+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-21T04:39:43Z", "ms": 1324442382775.8284 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-12-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-20T07:11:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-20T02:11:39Z", "ms": 1324347099225.1506 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-20T07:11:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-20T02:11:39Z", "ms": 1324347099225.1506 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-12-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-21T07:12:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-21T02:12:11Z", "ms": 1324433530725.9749 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-21T07:12:11+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-21T02:12:11Z", "ms": 1324433530725.9749 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:17 on Tue 20 Dec to 09:40 on Wed 21 Dec.", "fact": "2011-12-20T07:17:18Z → 2011-12-21T04:39:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:12 on the 20th and 07:12 on the 21st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 20th and is on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 8852 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 21 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Saphalā Ekādaśī 2011 falls on Wednesday 21 December. Ekādaśī runs from 12:17 on Tue 20 Dec to 09:40 on Wed 21 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/ekadashi?on=2011-12-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-12-22", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-12-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30875, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-12-22T06:55:06+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-22T01:55:06Z", "ms": 1324518906266.526 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-23T04:09:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-22T23:09:49Z", "ms": 1324595388589.9756 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-12-22T06:55:06+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-22T01:55:06Z", "ms": 1324518906266.526 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-23T04:09:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-22T23:09:49Z", "ms": 1324595388589.9756 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-12-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-21T17:47:22+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-21T12:47:22Z", "ms": 1324471641635.254 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-21T19:34:44+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-21T14:34:44Z", "ms": 1324478084254.2473 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-12-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-22T17:47:51+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-22T12:47:51Z", "ms": 1324558071361.3079 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-22T19:35:14+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-22T14:35:14Z", "ms": 1324564513958.6409 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 06:55 on Thu 22 Dec to 04:10 on Fri 23 Dec.", "fact": "2011-12-22T01:55:06Z → 2011-12-22T23:09:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:47–19:35 on the 21st, 17:48–19:35 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 107 minutes on the 21st and 107 of 107 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30875 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Karachi, 2011: Thursday 22 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2011 falls on Thursday 22 December. Trayodaśī runs from 06:55 on Thu 22 Dec to 04:10 on Fri 23 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/pradosha-vrata?on=2011-12-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-12-23", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-12-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2159, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2011-12-23T04:09:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-22T23:09:49Z", "ms": 1324595388589.9756 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-24T01:30:59+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-23T20:30:59Z", "ms": 1324672259309.9568 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-12-23T04:09:49+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-22T23:09:49Z", "ms": 1324595388589.9756 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-24T01:30:59+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-23T20:30:59Z", "ms": 1324672259309.9568 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-12-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-23T00:06:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-22T19:06:31Z", "ms": 1324580791101.3062 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-23T00:54:31+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-22T19:54:31Z", "ms": 1324583671101.3062 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-12-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-24T00:07:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-23T19:07:01Z", "ms": 1324667220772.3823 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-24T00:55:01+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-23T19:55:01Z", "ms": 1324670100772.3823 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 04:10 on Fri 23 Dec to 01:31 on Sat 24 Dec.", "fact": "2011-12-22T23:09:49Z → 2011-12-23T20:30:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:07–00:55 on the 22nd, 00:07–00:55 on the 23rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2159 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Karachi, 2011: Friday 23 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Śivarātri 2011 falls on Friday 23 December. Caturdaśī runs from 04:10 on Fri 23 Dec to 01:31 on Sat 24 Dec and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/shivaratri?on=2011-12-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-12-28", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1174872", "year": 2011, "local_date": "2011-12-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19595, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2011-12-27T18:36:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-27T13:36:39Z", "ms": 1324992998992.3293 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-28T18:23:52+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-28T13:23:52Z", "ms": 1325078632065.1506 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2011-12-27T18:36:39+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-27T13:36:39Z", "ms": 1324992998992.3293 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-28T18:23:52+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-28T13:23:52Z", "ms": 1325078632065.1506 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2011-12-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-27T12:08:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-27T07:08:47Z", "ms": 1324969726900.193 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-27T12:56:47+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-27T07:56:47Z", "ms": 1324972606900.193 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2011-12-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2011-12-28T12:09:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-28T07:09:17Z", "ms": 1325056156716.0415 }, "end": { "local": "2011-12-28T12:57:17+05:00", "utc": "2011-12-28T07:57:17Z", "ms": 1325059036716.0415 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 18:37 on Tue 27 Dec to 18:24 on Wed 28 Dec.", "fact": "2011-12-27T13:36:39Z → 2011-12-28T13:23:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 27th, 12:09–12:57 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19595 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Karachi, 2011: Wednesday 28 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2011-12-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Karachi, Vināyaka Caturthī 2011 falls on Wednesday 28 December. Caturthī runs from 18:37 on Tue 27 Dec to 18:24 on Wed 28 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/karachi/festivals/2011/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2011-12-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } } ], "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }