{ "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931", "place": { "id": "12359313", "slug": "qingyang", "name": "Qingyang", "region": "Gansu, China", "country": "CN", "lat": 35.70976, "lon": 107.64455, "elevation_m": 1427, "tz": "Asia/Shanghai" }, "year": 1931, "tradition": "smarta", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "rulings": [ { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-01-02", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22824, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-01-02T03:27:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-01T19:27:34Z", "ms": -1230697945659.8381 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-03T02:00:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-02T18:00:44Z", "ms": -1230616756036.1934 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-01-02T03:27:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-01T19:27:34Z", "ms": -1230697945659.8381 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-03T02:00:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-02T18:00:44Z", "ms": -1230616756036.1934 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-01T17:45:47+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-01T09:45:47Z", "ms": -1230732853102.0989 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-01T19:39:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-01T11:39:39Z", "ms": -1230726021153.4417 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-01-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-02T17:46:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-02T09:46:32Z", "ms": -1230646407739.6355 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-02T19:40:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-02T11:40:20Z", "ms": -1230639580474.5771 } }, "covered_min": 114, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 03:28 on Fri 2 Jan to 02:01 on Sat 3 Jan.", "fact": "1931-01-01T19:27:34Z → 1931-01-02T18:00:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:46–19:40 on the 1st, 17:47–19:40 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 114 minutes on the 1st and 114 of 114 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22824 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 2 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Friday 2 January. Trayodaśī runs from 03:28 on Fri 2 Jan to 02:01 on Sat 3 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-01-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-01-07", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32931, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-01-07T11:55:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-07T03:55:26Z", "ms": -1230235473820.9868 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-08T08:54:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-08T00:54:35Z", "ms": -1230159925159.302 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-01-07T11:55:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-07T03:55:26Z", "ms": -1230235473820.9868 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-08T08:54:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-08T00:54:35Z", "ms": -1230159925159.302 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-07T21:04:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-07T13:04:17Z", "ms": -1230202543190.3857 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-07T21:04:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-07T13:04:17Z", "ms": -1230202543190.3857 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-01-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-08T22:17:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-08T14:17:20Z", "ms": -1230111760120.693 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-08T22:17:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-08T14:17:20Z", "ms": -1230111760120.693 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:55 on Wed 7 Jan to 08:55 on Thu 8 Jan.", "fact": "1931-01-07T03:55:26Z → 1931-01-08T00:54:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:04 on the 7th and 22:17 on the 8th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 7th and is not on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32931 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 7 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1931 falls on Wednesday 7 January. Caturthī runs from 11:55 on Wed 7 Jan to 08:55 on Thu 8 Jan and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-01-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/bhogi", "festival": "bhogi", "name": "Bhogi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32848, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1931-01-14T08:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T00:49:33Z", "ms": -1229641827188.6694 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-12T21:48:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-12T13:48:40Z", "ms": -1227089479881.4045 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1931-01-14T08:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T00:49:33Z", "ms": -1229641827188.6694 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-14T08:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T00:49:33Z", "ms": -1229641827188.6694 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-13T17:56:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-13T09:56:03Z", "ms": -1229695436527.4778 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-14T17:57:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T09:57:01Z", "ms": -1229608979210.113 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-14T17:57:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T09:57:01Z", "ms": -1229608979210.113 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-15T17:57:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-15T09:57:59Z", "ms": -1229522521208.0527 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1931-01-14", "days": -1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 08:50 on Wed 14 Jan.", "fact": "1931-01-14T00:49:33Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 17:57, and the day of the 15th ends at 17:58.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 32848 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Bhogi is kept the day before Pongal: Wednesday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal − 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhogi, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "bhogi", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": -1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1931-01-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1931-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Bhogi 1931 falls on Tuesday 13 January. It is kept the day before Pongal, which falls on Wednesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 08:50 on Wed 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/bhogi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pongal", "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32848, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1931-01-14T08:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T00:49:33Z", "ms": -1229641827188.6694 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-12T21:48:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-12T13:48:40Z", "ms": -1227089479881.4045 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1931-01-14T08:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T00:49:33Z", "ms": -1229641827188.6694 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-14T08:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T00:49:33Z", "ms": -1229641827188.6694 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-13T17:56:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-13T09:56:03Z", "ms": -1229695436527.4778 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-14T17:57:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T09:57:01Z", "ms": -1229608979210.113 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-14T17:57:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T09:57:01Z", "ms": -1229608979210.113 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-15T17:57:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-15T09:57:59Z", "ms": -1229522521208.0527 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 08:50 on Wed 14 Jan.", "fact": "1931-01-14T00:49:33Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 17:57, and the day of the 15th ends at 17:58.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 32848 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pongal, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "pongal", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The rule that heads the solar festivals, the day \"taken to begin from midnight\" (p. 106), is not applied to Pongal. It is kept on the first day of the month of Makara as the Tamil districts count it, a transit after sunset going to the next day (p. 244); the Rashtriya Panchang prints Pongal so.", "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1931-01-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1931-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Pongal 1931 falls on Wednesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 08:50 on Wed 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/makara-sankranti", "festival": "makara-sankranti", "name": "Makara Saṅkrānti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31773, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1931-01-14T08:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T00:49:33Z", "ms": -1229641827188.6694 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-12T21:48:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-12T13:48:40Z", "ms": -1227089479881.4045 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1931-01-14T08:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T00:49:33Z", "ms": -1229641827188.6694 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-14T08:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T00:49:33Z", "ms": -1229641827188.6694 } }, "kaala": "civil-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-13T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-12T16:00:00Z", "ms": -1229760000000 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-14T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-13T16:00:00Z", "ms": -1229673600000 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-14T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-13T16:00:00Z", "ms": -1229673600000 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-15T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T16:00:00Z", "ms": -1229587200000 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 08:50 on Wed 14 Jan.", "fact": "1931-01-14T00:49:33Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Qingyang.", "fact": "civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · Asia/Shanghai" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 14th, not the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 31773 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Makara Saṅkrānti, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "makara-sankranti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "midnight" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1931-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1931-01-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Makara Saṅkrānti 1931 falls on Wednesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 08:50 on Wed 14 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/makara-sankranti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-01-14", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32175, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-01-13T23:03:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-13T15:03:26Z", "ms": -1229676993735.3044 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-14T22:59:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T14:59:20Z", "ms": -1229590839582.9236 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-01-13T23:03:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-13T15:03:26Z", "ms": -1229676993735.3044 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-14T22:59:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T14:59:20Z", "ms": -1229590839582.9236 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-14T07:59:42+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-13T23:59:42Z", "ms": -1229644818382.2607 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-14T07:59:42+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-13T23:59:42Z", "ms": -1229644818382.2607 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-15T07:59:29+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T23:59:29Z", "ms": -1229558431399.043 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-15T07:59:29+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T23:59:29Z", "ms": -1229558431399.043 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-01-15", "start": { "local": "1931-01-15T07:59:29+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T23:59:29Z", "ms": -1229558431399.043 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-15T09:59:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-15T01:59:11Z", "ms": -1229551249360.845 }, "basis": "pratah", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-01-15T23:19:04+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-15T15:19:04Z", "ms": -1229503255706.4675 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-01-15T05:04:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T21:04:16Z", "ms": -1229568943613.8096 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 23:03 on Tue 13 Jan to 22:59 on Wed 14 Jan.", "fact": "1931-01-13T15:03:26Z → 1931-01-14T14:59:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 08:00 on the 14th and 07:59 on the 15th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 14th and is not on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 32175 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Wednesday 14 January. Ekādaśī runs from 23:03 on Tue 13 Jan to 22:59 on Wed 14 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-01-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/mattu-pongal", "festival": "mattu-pongal", "name": "Mattu Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32848, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1931-01-14T08:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T00:49:33Z", "ms": -1229641827188.6694 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-12T21:48:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-12T13:48:40Z", "ms": -1227089479881.4045 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1931-01-14T08:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T00:49:33Z", "ms": -1229641827188.6694 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-14T08:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T00:49:33Z", "ms": -1229641827188.6694 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-13T17:56:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-13T09:56:03Z", "ms": -1229695436527.4778 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-14T17:57:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T09:57:01Z", "ms": -1229608979210.113 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-14T17:57:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-14T09:57:01Z", "ms": -1229608979210.113 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-15T17:57:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-15T09:57:59Z", "ms": -1229522521208.0527 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1931-01-14", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 08:50 on Wed 14 Jan.", "fact": "1931-01-14T00:49:33Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 17:57, and the day of the 15th ends at 17:58.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 32848 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Mattu Pongal is kept the day after Pongal: Wednesday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mattu Pongal, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "mattu-pongal", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1931-01-15", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1931-01-15", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mattu Pongal 1931 falls on Thursday 15 January. It is kept the day after Pongal, which falls on Wednesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 08:50 on Wed 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/mattu-pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-01-16", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12536, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-01-15T23:19:04+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-15T15:19:04Z", "ms": -1229503255706.4675 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-17T00:01:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-16T16:01:41Z", "ms": -1229414299069.2278 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-01-15T23:19:04+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-15T15:19:04Z", "ms": -1229503255706.4675 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-17T00:01:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-16T16:01:41Z", "ms": -1229414299069.2278 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-15T17:57:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-15T09:57:59Z", "ms": -1229522521208.0527 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-15T19:50:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-15T11:50:09Z", "ms": -1229515791226.3481 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 112, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-01-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-16T17:58:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-16T09:58:57Z", "ms": -1229436062573.3477 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-16T19:50:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-16T11:50:57Z", "ms": -1229429342658.8381 } }, "covered_min": 112, "window_min": 112, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:19 on Thu 15 Jan to 00:02 on Sat 17 Jan.", "fact": "1931-01-15T15:19:04Z → 1931-01-16T16:01:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:58–19:50 on the 15th, 17:59–19:51 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 112 minutes on the 15th and 112 of 112 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12536 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 16 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Friday 16 January. Trayodaśī runs from 23:19 on Thu 15 Jan to 00:02 on Sat 17 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-01-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-01-16", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-16", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 975, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-01-17T00:01:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-16T16:01:41Z", "ms": -1229414299069.2278 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-18T01:07:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-17T17:07:02Z", "ms": -1229323977671.8777 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-01-17T00:01:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-16T16:01:41Z", "ms": -1229414299069.2278 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-18T01:07:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-17T17:07:02Z", "ms": -1229323977671.8777 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-17T00:34:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-16T16:34:57Z", "ms": -1229412302893.9365 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-17T01:22:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-16T17:22:57Z", "ms": -1229409422893.9365 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-01-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-18T00:35:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-17T16:35:17Z", "ms": -1229325882678.4265 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-18T01:23:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-17T17:23:17Z", "ms": -1229323002678.4265 } }, "covered_min": 32, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 00:02 on Sat 17 Jan to 01:07 on Sun 18 Jan.", "fact": "1931-01-16T16:01:41Z → 1931-01-17T17:07:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:35–01:23 on the 16th, 00:35–01:23 on the 17th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 32 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both nights qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 975 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 16 January.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-16", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-16", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1931 falls on Friday 16 January. Caturdaśī runs from 00:02 on Sat 17 Jan to 01:07 on Sun 18 Jan and covers all of niśītha that night. It also reaches the next night for 32 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-01-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/yama-tarpana", "festival": "yama-tarpana", "name": "Yama Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17986, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-01-17T00:01:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-16T16:01:41Z", "ms": -1229414299069.2278 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-18T01:07:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-17T17:07:02Z", "ms": -1229323977671.8777 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-01-17T00:01:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-16T16:01:41Z", "ms": -1229414299069.2278 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-18T01:07:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-17T17:07:02Z", "ms": -1229323977671.8777 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-17T06:06:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-16T22:06:57Z", "ms": -1229392383129.0352 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-17T07:58:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-16T23:58:57Z", "ms": -1229385663214.5256 } }, "covered_min": 112, "window_min": 112, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-01-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-18T06:06:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-17T22:06:48Z", "ms": -1229305991513.562 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-18T07:58:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-17T23:58:38Z", "ms": -1229299281999.0657 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 112, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 00:02 on Sat 17 Jan to 01:07 on Sun 18 Jan.", "fact": "1931-01-16T16:01:41Z → 1931-01-17T17:07:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 06:07–07:59 on the 17th, 06:07–07:59 on the 18th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 112 of 112 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 112 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17986 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Tarpaṇa, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 17 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Yama tarpana (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Yama Tarpaṇa 1931 falls on Saturday 17 January. Caturdaśī runs from 00:02 on Sat 17 Jan to 01:07 on Sun 18 Jan and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/yama-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ganesha-jayanti", "festival": "ganesha-jayanti", "name": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī", "everyday": "Maghi Ganesh Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2487, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-01-22T09:12:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-22T01:12:36Z", "ms": -1228949243871.9875 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-23T11:55:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-23T03:55:52Z", "ms": -1228853048148.775 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-01-22T09:12:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-22T01:12:36Z", "ms": -1228949243871.9875 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-23T11:55:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-23T03:55:52Z", "ms": -1228853048148.775 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-22T12:37:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-22T04:37:02Z", "ms": -1228936978202.9268 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-22T13:25:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-22T05:25:02Z", "ms": -1228934098202.9268 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-01-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-23T12:37:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-23T04:37:19Z", "ms": -1228850561466.6465 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-23T13:25:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-23T05:25:19Z", "ms": -1228847681466.6465 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:13 on Thu 22 Jan to 11:56 on Fri 23 Jan.", "fact": "1931-01-22T01:12:36Z → 1931-01-23T03:55:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:37–13:25 on the 22nd, 12:37–13:25 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 2487 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 22 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-22", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Gaṇeśa Jayantī (Maghi Ganesh Jayanti) 1931 falls on Thursday 22 January. Caturthī runs from 09:13 on Thu 22 Jan to 11:56 on Fri 23 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ganesha-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/tila-chaturthi", "festival": "tila-chaturthi", "name": "Tila Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22209, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-01-22T09:12:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-22T01:12:36Z", "ms": -1228949243871.9875 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-23T11:55:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-23T03:55:52Z", "ms": -1228853048148.775 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-01-22T09:12:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-22T01:12:36Z", "ms": -1228949243871.9875 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-23T11:55:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-23T03:55:52Z", "ms": -1228853048148.775 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-22T18:05:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-22T10:05:00Z", "ms": -1228917300323.65 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-22T19:55:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-22T11:55:52Z", "ms": -1228910647516.8792 } }, "covered_min": 111, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-01-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-23T18:06:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-23T10:06:01Z", "ms": -1228830838660.4226 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-23T19:56:42+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-23T11:56:42Z", "ms": -1228824198078.9014 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:13 on Thu 22 Jan to 11:56 on Fri 23 Jan.", "fact": "1931-01-22T01:12:36Z → 1931-01-23T03:55:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:05–19:56 on the 22nd, 18:06–19:57 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 111 of 111 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 111 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22209 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Tila Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 22 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "tila-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Tila Caturthī 1931 falls on Thursday 22 January. Caturthī runs from 09:13 on Thu 22 Jan to 11:56 on Fri 23 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/tila-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/shri-panchami", "festival": "shri-panchami", "name": "Śrī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2487, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1931-01-23T11:55:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-23T03:55:52Z", "ms": -1228853048148.775 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-24T14:40:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-24T06:40:01Z", "ms": -1228756798917.9412 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-01-23T11:55:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-23T03:55:52Z", "ms": -1228853048148.775 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-24T14:40:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-24T06:40:01Z", "ms": -1228756798917.9412 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-23T12:37:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-23T04:37:19Z", "ms": -1228850561466.6465 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-23T13:25:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-23T05:25:19Z", "ms": -1228847681466.6465 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-01-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-24T12:37:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-24T04:37:34Z", "ms": -1228764145524.5635 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-24T13:25:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-24T05:25:34Z", "ms": -1228761265524.5635 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 11:56 on Fri 23 Jan to 14:40 on Sat 24 Jan.", "fact": "1931-01-23T03:55:52Z → 1931-01-24T06:40:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:37–13:25 on the 23rd, 12:38–13:26 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 2487 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 23 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-23", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śrī Pañcamī 1931 falls on Friday 23 January. Pañcamī runs from 11:56 on Fri 23 Jan to 14:40 on Sat 24 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/shri-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vasanta-panchami", "festival": "vasanta-panchami", "name": "Vasanta Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-23", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2487, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1931-01-23T11:55:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-23T03:55:52Z", "ms": -1228853048148.775 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-24T14:40:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-24T06:40:01Z", "ms": -1228756798917.9412 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-01-23T11:55:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-23T03:55:52Z", "ms": -1228853048148.775 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-24T14:40:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-24T06:40:01Z", "ms": -1228756798917.9412 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-23T12:37:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-23T04:37:19Z", "ms": -1228850561466.6465 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-23T13:25:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-23T05:25:19Z", "ms": -1228847681466.6465 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-01-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-24T12:37:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-24T04:37:34Z", "ms": -1228764145524.5635 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-24T13:25:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-24T05:25:34Z", "ms": -1228761265524.5635 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 11:56 on Fri 23 Jan to 14:40 on Sat 24 Jan.", "fact": "1931-01-23T03:55:52Z → 1931-01-24T06:40:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:37–13:25 on the 23rd, 12:38–13:26 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 2487 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasanta Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 23 January.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasanta-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-23", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-24", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vasanta Pañcamī 1931 falls on Friday 23 January. Pañcamī runs from 11:56 on Fri 23 Jan to 14:40 on Sat 24 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vasanta-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ratha-saptami", "festival": "ratha-saptami", "name": "Ratha Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33375, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1931-01-25T17:11:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-25T09:11:49Z", "ms": -1228661291431.3982 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-26T19:16:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-26T11:16:58Z", "ms": -1228567382139.2388 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-01-25T17:11:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-25T09:11:49Z", "ms": -1228661291431.3982 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-26T19:16:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-26T11:16:58Z", "ms": -1228567382139.2388 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-25T06:05:06+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-24T22:05:06Z", "ms": -1228701294222.6296 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-25T07:55:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-24T23:55:34Z", "ms": -1228694666141.4783 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-26T06:04:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-25T22:04:45Z", "ms": -1228614915093.527 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-26T07:55:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-25T23:55:00Z", "ms": -1228608299779.5095 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 17:12 on Sun 25 Jan to 19:17 on Mon 26 Jan.", "fact": "1931-01-25T09:11:49Z → 1931-01-26T11:16:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 06:05–07:56 on the 25th, 06:05–07:55 on the 26th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 110 minutes on the 25th and 110 of 110 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33375 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ratha Saptamī, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 26 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ratha-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Ratha saptami (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise), Acala saptami, Vidhana saptami, Arogya saptami [purvaviddha]." } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ratha Saptamī 1931 falls on Monday 26 January. Saptamī runs from 17:12 on Sun 25 Jan to 19:17 on Mon 26 Jan and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ratha-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-01-30", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Jayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39044, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-01-29T21:01:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-29T13:01:44Z", "ms": -1228301896240.4556 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-30T19:50:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-30T11:50:56Z", "ms": -1228219744109.374 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-01-29T21:01:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-29T13:01:44Z", "ms": -1228301896240.4556 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-30T19:50:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-30T11:50:56Z", "ms": -1228219744109.374 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-30T07:52:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-29T23:52:28Z", "ms": -1228262851818.2014 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-30T07:52:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-29T23:52:28Z", "ms": -1228262851818.2014 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-31T07:51:46+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-30T23:51:46Z", "ms": -1228176494068.8005 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-31T07:51:46+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-30T23:51:46Z", "ms": -1228176494068.8005 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-01-31", "start": { "local": "1931-01-31T07:51:46+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-30T23:51:46Z", "ms": -1228176494068.8005 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-31T09:56:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-31T01:56:17Z", "ms": -1228169023206.5999 }, "basis": "pratah", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-01-31T17:51:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-31T09:51:12Z", "ms": -1228140527763.8396 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-01-31T01:21:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-30T17:21:00Z", "ms": -1228199940022.9905 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:02 on Thu 29 Jan to 19:51 on Fri 30 Jan.", "fact": "1931-01-29T13:01:44Z → 1931-01-30T11:50:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:52 on the 30th and 07:52 on the 31st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 30th and is not on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 39044 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jayā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 30 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Jayā Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Friday 30 January. Ekādaśī runs from 21:02 on Thu 29 Jan to 19:51 on Fri 30 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-01-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/bhishma-dvadashi", "festival": "bhishma-dvadashi", "name": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15849, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-01-30T19:50:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-30T11:50:56Z", "ms": -1228219744109.374 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-31T17:51:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-31T09:51:12Z", "ms": -1228140527763.8396 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-01-30T19:50:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-30T11:50:56Z", "ms": -1228219744109.374 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-31T17:51:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-31T09:51:12Z", "ms": -1228140527763.8396 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-30T12:38:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-30T04:38:53Z", "ms": -1228245667071.5771 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-30T13:26:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-30T05:26:53Z", "ms": -1228242787071.5771 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-31T12:39:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-31T04:39:03Z", "ms": -1228159256913.299 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-31T13:27:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-31T05:27:03Z", "ms": -1228156376913.299 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 19:51 on Fri 30 Jan to 17:51 on Sat 31 Jan.", "fact": "1931-01-30T11:50:56Z → 1931-01-31T09:51:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:39–13:27 on the 30th, 12:39–13:27 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 15849 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 31 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhishma-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Bhisma dvadasi (purvaviddha), Amalaki dvadasi, Santana dvadasi, Varaha dvadasi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Bhīṣma Dvādaśī 1931 falls on Saturday 31 January. Dvādaśī runs from 19:51 on Fri 30 Jan to 17:51 on Sat 31 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/bhishma-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-01-31", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-01-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1388, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-01-31T17:51:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-31T09:51:12Z", "ms": -1228140527763.8396 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-01T15:10:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-01T07:10:21Z", "ms": -1228063779498.9001 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-01-31T17:51:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-31T09:51:12Z", "ms": -1228140527763.8396 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-01T15:10:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-01T07:10:21Z", "ms": -1228063779498.9001 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-01-31T18:14:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-31T10:14:20Z", "ms": -1228139139757.7976 }, "end": { "local": "1931-01-31T20:03:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-01-31T12:03:14Z", "ms": -1228132606184.5234 } }, "covered_min": 109, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-02-01T18:15:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-01T10:15:23Z", "ms": -1228052677225.106 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-01T20:04:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-01T12:04:02Z", "ms": -1228046158055.8357 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:51 on Sat 31 Jan to 15:10 on Sun 1 Feb.", "fact": "1931-01-31T09:51:12Z → 1931-02-01T07:10:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:14–20:03 on the 31st, 18:15–20:04 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 109 of 109 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 109 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1388 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 31 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-01-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Saturday 31 January. Trayodaśī runs from 17:51 on Sat 31 Jan to 15:10 on Sun 1 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-01-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/maghi-purnima", "festival": "maghi-purnima", "name": "Māghī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-02-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2468, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1931-02-02T11:58:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-02T03:58:13Z", "ms": -1227988907060.8794 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-03T08:25:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-03T00:25:48Z", "ms": -1227915251995.019 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-02-02T11:58:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-02T03:58:13Z", "ms": -1227988907060.8794 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-03T08:25:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-03T00:25:48Z", "ms": -1227915251995.019 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-02-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-02-02T12:39:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-02T04:39:21Z", "ms": -1227986439103.3677 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-02T13:27:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-02T05:27:21Z", "ms": -1227983559103.3677 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-02-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-02-03T12:39:29+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-03T04:39:29Z", "ms": -1227900031443.205 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-03T13:27:29+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-03T05:27:29Z", "ms": -1227897151443.205 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 11:58 on Mon 2 Feb to 08:26 on Tue 3 Feb.", "fact": "1931-02-02T03:58:13Z → 1931-02-03T00:25:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:39–13:27 on the 2nd, 12:39–13:27 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2468 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Māghī Pūrṇimā, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 2 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maghi-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Maghi purnima (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-02-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-02-02", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Māghī Pūrṇimā 1931 falls on Monday 2 February. Pūrṇimā runs from 11:58 on Mon 2 Feb to 08:26 on Tue 3 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/maghi-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-02-05", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-02-05", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1719, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-02-05T21:38:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-05T13:38:27Z", "ms": -1227694893316.2659 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-06T18:33:30+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-06T10:33:30Z", "ms": -1227619590291.4956 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-02-05T21:38:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-05T13:38:27Z", "ms": -1227694893316.2659 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-06T18:33:30+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-06T10:33:30Z", "ms": -1227619590291.4956 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-02-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-02-05T21:09:47+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-05T13:09:47Z", "ms": -1227696612693.758 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-05T21:09:47+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-05T13:09:47Z", "ms": -1227696612693.758 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-02-06T22:21:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-06T14:21:38Z", "ms": -1227605902153.9258 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-06T22:21:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-06T14:21:38Z", "ms": -1227605902153.9258 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:38 on Thu 5 Feb to 18:33 on Fri 6 Feb.", "fact": "1931-02-05T13:38:27Z → 1931-02-06T10:33:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:10 on the 5th and 22:22 on the 6th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 5th and is not on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 1719 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 5 February.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-02-05", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-02-05", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1931 falls on Thursday 5 February. Caturthī runs from 21:38 on Thu 5 Feb to 18:33 on Fri 6 Feb, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-02-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-02-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Vijayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-02-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16655, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-02-12T12:18:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-12T04:18:55Z", "ms": -1227123664823.7507 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-13T13:20:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-13T05:20:08Z", "ms": -1227033592257.181 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-02-12T12:18:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-12T04:18:55Z", "ms": -1227123664823.7507 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-13T13:20:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-13T05:20:08Z", "ms": -1227033592257.181 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-02-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-02-12T07:41:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-11T23:41:20Z", "ms": -1227140319876.705 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-12T07:41:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-11T23:41:20Z", "ms": -1227140319876.705 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-02-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-02-13T07:40:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-12T23:40:19Z", "ms": -1227053980975.167 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-13T07:40:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-12T23:40:19Z", "ms": -1227053980975.167 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-02-14", "start": { "local": "1931-02-14T07:39:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-13T23:39:17Z", "ms": -1226967643307.6455 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-14T09:49:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-14T01:49:10Z", "ms": -1226959849884.9639 }, "basis": "pratah", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-02-14T14:47:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-14T06:47:48Z", "ms": -1226941931638.7952 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-02-13T19:42:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-13T11:42:03Z", "ms": -1227010677102.5845 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:19 on Thu 12 Feb to 13:20 on Fri 13 Feb.", "fact": "1931-02-12T04:18:55Z → 1931-02-13T05:20:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:41 on the 12th and 07:40 on the 13th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 12th and is on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16655 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 13 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vijayā Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Friday 13 February. Ekādaśī runs from 12:19 on Thu 12 Feb to 13:20 on Fri 13 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-02-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-02-14", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-02-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6712, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-02-14T14:47:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-14T06:47:48Z", "ms": -1226941931638.7952 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-15T16:37:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-15T08:37:52Z", "ms": -1226848927854.2183 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-02-14T14:47:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-14T06:47:48Z", "ms": -1226941931638.7952 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-15T16:37:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-15T08:37:52Z", "ms": -1226848927854.2183 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-02-14T18:28:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-14T10:28:44Z", "ms": -1226928676194.2368 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-14T20:14:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-14T12:14:00Z", "ms": -1226922360280.9292 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-02-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-02-15T18:29:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-15T10:29:44Z", "ms": -1226842216085.8123 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-15T20:14:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-15T12:14:43Z", "ms": -1226835916815.1533 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:48 on Sat 14 Feb to 16:38 on Sun 15 Feb.", "fact": "1931-02-14T06:47:48Z → 1931-02-15T08:37:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:29–20:14 on the 14th, 18:30–20:15 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 105 of 105 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 105 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6712 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 14 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-02-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-02-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Saturday 14 February. Trayodaśī runs from 14:48 on Sat 14 Feb to 16:38 on Sun 15 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-02-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/maha-shivaratri", "festival": "maha-shivaratri", "name": "Mahāśivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-02-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21163, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-02-15T16:37:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-15T08:37:52Z", "ms": -1226848927854.2183 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-16T18:46:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-16T10:46:40Z", "ms": -1226754799938.0073 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-02-15T16:37:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-15T08:37:52Z", "ms": -1226848927854.2183 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-16T18:46:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-16T10:46:40Z", "ms": -1226754799938.0073 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-02-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-02-16T00:39:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-15T16:39:26Z", "ms": -1226820033820.8418 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-16T01:27:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-15T17:27:26Z", "ms": -1226817153820.8418 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-02-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-02-17T00:39:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-16T16:39:23Z", "ms": -1226733636842.2573 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-17T01:27:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-16T17:27:23Z", "ms": -1226730756842.2573 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 16:38 on Sun 15 Feb to 18:47 on Mon 16 Feb.", "fact": "1931-02-15T08:37:52Z → 1931-02-16T10:46:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:39–01:27 on the 15th, 00:39–01:27 on the 16th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 21163 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāśivarātri, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 15 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maha-shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day" } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-02-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-02-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mahāśivarātri 1931 falls on Sunday 15 February. Caturdaśī runs from 16:38 on Sun 15 Feb to 18:47 on Mon 16 Feb and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/maha-shivaratri", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-02-21", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-02-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18012, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-02-21T05:08:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-20T21:08:15Z", "ms": -1226371905197.2153 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-22T07:39:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-21T23:39:15Z", "ms": -1226276445353.2976 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-02-21T05:08:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-20T21:08:15Z", "ms": -1226371905197.2153 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-22T07:39:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-21T23:39:15Z", "ms": -1226276445353.2976 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-02-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-02-21T12:39:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-21T04:39:33Z", "ms": -1226344826856.4673 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-21T13:27:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-21T05:27:33Z", "ms": -1226341946856.4673 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-02-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-02-22T12:39:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-22T04:39:26Z", "ms": -1226258433509.7832 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-22T13:27:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-22T05:27:26Z", "ms": -1226255553509.7832 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 05:08 on Sat 21 Feb to 07:39 on Sun 22 Feb.", "fact": "1931-02-20T21:08:15Z → 1931-02-21T23:39:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:40–13:28 on the 21st, 12:39–13:27 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18012 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 21 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-02-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-02-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1931 falls on Saturday 21 February. Caturthī runs from 05:08 on Sat 21 Feb to 07:39 on Sun 22 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-02-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-03-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3584, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-02-28T10:35:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-28T02:35:05Z", "ms": -1225747495175.0107 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-01T08:21:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-01T00:21:18Z", "ms": -1225669121778.342 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-02-28T10:35:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-28T02:35:05Z", "ms": -1225747495175.0107 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-01T08:21:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-01T00:21:18Z", "ms": -1225669121778.342 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-02-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-02-28T07:22:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-27T23:22:51Z", "ms": -1225759028753.9268 }, "end": { "local": "1931-02-28T07:22:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-27T23:22:51Z", "ms": -1225759028753.9268 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-03-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-01T07:21:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-28T23:21:34Z", "ms": -1225672705965.5579 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-01T07:21:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-02-28T23:21:34Z", "ms": -1225672705965.5579 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-03-02", "start": { "local": "1931-03-02T07:20:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-01T23:20:16Z", "ms": -1225586383914.5479 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-02T09:37:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-02T01:37:02Z", "ms": -1225578178032.3132 }, "basis": "dvadashi-over", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-03-02T05:29:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-01T21:29:01Z", "ms": -1225593059321.903 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-03-01T13:38:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-01T05:38:14Z", "ms": -1225650106164.2324 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:35 on Sat 28 Feb to 08:21 on Sun 1 Mar.", "fact": "1931-02-28T02:35:05Z → 1931-03-01T00:21:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:23 on the 28th and 07:22 on the 1st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 28th and is on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3584 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 1 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Āmalakī Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Sunday 1 March. Ekādaśī runs from 10:35 on Sat 28 Feb to 08:21 on Sun 1 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-03-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-03-02", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20546, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-03-02T05:29:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-01T21:29:01Z", "ms": -1225593059321.903 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-03T02:07:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-02T18:07:10Z", "ms": -1225518769590.9546 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-02T05:29:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-01T21:29:01Z", "ms": -1225593059321.903 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-03T02:07:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-02T18:07:10Z", "ms": -1225518769590.9546 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-01T18:43:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-01T10:43:11Z", "ms": -1225631809470.426 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-01T20:24:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-01T12:24:07Z", "ms": -1225625752729.6423 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-03-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-02T18:44:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-02T10:44:05Z", "ms": -1225545354503.3748 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-02T20:24:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-02T12:24:44Z", "ms": -1225539315578.5125 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:29 on Mon 2 Mar to 02:07 on Tue 3 Mar.", "fact": "1931-03-01T21:29:01Z → 1931-03-02T18:07:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:43–20:24 on the 1st, 18:44–20:25 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 101 minutes on the 1st and 101 of 101 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20546 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 2 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Monday 2 March. Trayodaśī runs from 05:29 on Mon 2 Mar to 02:07 on Tue 3 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-03-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/holika-dahana", "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 598, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1931-03-03T22:25:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-03T14:25:55Z", "ms": -1225445644658.8044 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-04T18:35:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-04T10:35:56Z", "ms": -1225373043689.3435 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-03T22:25:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-03T14:25:55Z", "ms": -1225445644658.8044 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-04T18:35:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-04T10:35:56Z", "ms": -1225373043689.3435 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-03T16:27:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-03T08:27:48Z", "ms": -1225467132412.448 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-03T18:45:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-03T10:45:00Z", "ms": -1225458899873.833 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 137, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-03-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-04T16:28:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-04T08:28:15Z", "ms": -1225380704833.6956 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-04T18:45:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-04T10:45:54Z", "ms": -1225372445569.97 } }, "covered_min": 128, "window_min": 138, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 22:26 on Tue 3 Mar to 18:36 on Wed 4 Mar.", "fact": "1931-03-03T14:25:55Z → 1931-03-04T10:35:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:28–18:45 on the 3rd, 16:28–18:46 on the 4th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 137 minutes on the 3rd and 128 of 138 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 598 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holikā Dahana, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 4 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holika-dahana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "not_evaluated": "The hour the row gives for the rite (\"it should be observed on second half of purnima at night\") is not tested: sāyāhna alone settles the day.", "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Holikā Dahana 1931 falls on Wednesday 4 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 22:26 on Tue 3 Mar to 18:36 on Wed 4 Mar and covers 128 of 138 minutes of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/holika-dahana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/holi", "festival": "holi", "name": "Holī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 598, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1931-03-03T22:25:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-03T14:25:55Z", "ms": -1225445644658.8044 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-04T18:35:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-04T10:35:56Z", "ms": -1225373043689.3435 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-03T22:25:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-03T14:25:55Z", "ms": -1225445644658.8044 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-04T18:35:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-04T10:35:56Z", "ms": -1225373043689.3435 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-03T16:27:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-03T08:27:48Z", "ms": -1225467132412.448 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-03T18:45:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-03T10:45:00Z", "ms": -1225458899873.833 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 137, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-03-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-04T16:28:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-04T08:28:15Z", "ms": -1225380704833.6956 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-04T18:45:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-04T10:45:54Z", "ms": -1225372445569.97 } }, "covered_min": 128, "window_min": 138, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "local_date": "1931-03-04", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 22:26 on Tue 3 Mar to 18:36 on Wed 4 Mar.", "fact": "1931-03-03T14:25:55Z → 1931-03-04T10:35:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:28–18:45 on the 3rd, 16:28–18:46 on the 4th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 137 minutes on the 3rd and 128 of 138 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 598 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Holī is kept the day after Holikā Dahana: Wednesday 4 March is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: holika-dahana + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holī, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 5 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holi", "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Holī 1931 falls on Thursday 5 March. It is kept the day after Holikā Dahana, which falls on Wednesday 4 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 22:26 on Tue 3 Mar to 18:36 on Wed 4 Mar and covers 128 of 138 minutes of sāyāhna on the 4th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/holi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vasantotsava", "festival": "vasantotsava", "name": "Vasantotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27101, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 15, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1931-03-04T18:35:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-04T10:35:56Z", "ms": -1225373043689.3435 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-05T14:47:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-05T06:47:59Z", "ms": -1225300321324.2224 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-04T18:35:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-04T10:35:56Z", "ms": -1225373043689.3435 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-05T14:47:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-05T06:47:59Z", "ms": -1225300321324.2224 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-04T07:17:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-03T23:17:38Z", "ms": -1225413741888.598 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-04T07:17:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-03T23:17:38Z", "ms": -1225413741888.598 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-03-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-05T07:16:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-04T23:16:18Z", "ms": -1225327421845.7283 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-05T07:16:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-04T23:16:18Z", "ms": -1225327421845.7283 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 18:36 on Wed 4 Mar to 14:48 on Thu 5 Mar.", "fact": "1931-03-04T10:35:56Z → 1931-03-05T06:47:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:18 on the 4th and 07:16 on the 5th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 4th and is on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 27101 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasantotsava, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 5 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasantotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 1 Vasantotsava (current at sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vasantotsava 1931 falls on Thursday 5 March. Pratipadā runs from 18:36 on Wed 4 Mar to 14:48 on Thu 5 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vasantotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-03-07", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24849, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-03-07T07:59:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-06T23:59:13Z", "ms": -1225152046750.2803 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-08T05:16:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-07T21:16:52Z", "ms": -1225075388015.3223 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-07T07:59:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-06T23:59:13Z", "ms": -1225152046750.2803 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-08T05:16:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-07T21:16:52Z", "ms": -1225075388015.3223 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-06T21:09:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-06T13:09:59Z", "ms": -1225191001267.807 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-06T21:09:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-06T13:09:59Z", "ms": -1225191001267.807 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-03-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-07T22:22:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-07T14:22:43Z", "ms": -1225100236893.5454 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-07T22:22:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-07T14:22:43Z", "ms": -1225100236893.5454 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:59 on Sat 7 Mar to 05:17 on Sun 8 Mar.", "fact": "1931-03-06T23:59:13Z → 1931-03-07T21:16:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:10 on the 6th and 22:23 on the 7th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 6th and is on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24849 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 7 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1931 falls on Saturday 7 March. Caturthī runs from 07:59 on Sat 7 Mar to 05:17 on Sun 8 Mar and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-03-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/shitalashtami", "festival": "shitalashtami", "name": "Śītalāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 40225, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1931-03-11T01:15:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-10T17:15:44Z", "ms": -1224830655858.9727 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-12T01:25:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-11T17:25:26Z", "ms": -1224743673545.8271 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-11T01:15:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-10T17:15:44Z", "ms": -1224830655858.9727 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-12T01:25:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-11T17:25:26Z", "ms": -1224743673545.8271 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-11T12:36:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-11T04:36:07Z", "ms": -1224789833251.1667 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-11T13:24:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-11T05:24:07Z", "ms": -1224786953251.1667 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-03-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-12T12:35:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-12T04:35:51Z", "ms": -1224703448913.6975 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-12T13:23:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-12T05:23:51Z", "ms": -1224700568913.6975 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 01:16 on Wed 11 Mar to 01:25 on Thu 12 Mar.", "fact": "1931-03-10T17:15:44Z → 1931-03-11T17:25:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:36–13:24 on the 11th, 12:36–13:24 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 40225 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 11 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitalashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Sitalastami, (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śītalāṣṭamī 1931 falls on Wednesday 11 March. Aṣṭamī runs from 01:16 on Wed 11 Mar to 01:25 on Thu 12 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/shitalashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-03-14", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4752, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-03-14T03:45:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-13T19:45:40Z", "ms": -1224562460421.916 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-15T05:43:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-14T21:43:19Z", "ms": -1224469000860.2893 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-14T03:45:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-13T19:45:40Z", "ms": -1224562460421.916 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-15T05:43:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-14T21:43:19Z", "ms": -1224469000860.2893 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-14T07:03:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-13T23:03:55Z", "ms": -1224550564652.6167 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-14T07:03:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-13T23:03:55Z", "ms": -1224550564652.6167 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-03-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-15T07:02:31+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-14T23:02:31Z", "ms": -1224464249191.627 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-15T07:02:31+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-14T23:02:31Z", "ms": -1224464249191.627 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-03-15", "start": { "local": "1931-03-15T14:10:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-15T06:10:21Z", "ms": -1224438579323.3647 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-15T16:32:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-15T08:32:57Z", "ms": -1224430022700.6106 }, "basis": "aparahna", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-03-16T08:02:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-16T00:02:16Z", "ms": -1224374264427.8604 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-03-15T12:18:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-15T04:18:03Z", "ms": -1224445316752.1821 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 03:46 on Sat 14 Mar to 05:43 on Sun 15 Mar.", "fact": "1931-03-13T19:45:40Z → 1931-03-14T21:43:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:04 on the 14th and 07:03 on the 15th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 14th and is not on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4752 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 14 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Saturday 14 March. Ekādaśī runs from 03:46 on Sat 14 Mar to 05:43 on Sun 15 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-03-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-03-16", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30163, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-03-16T08:02:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-16T00:02:16Z", "ms": -1224374264427.8604 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-17T10:34:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-17T02:34:34Z", "ms": -1224278726426.965 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-16T08:02:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-16T00:02:16Z", "ms": -1224374264427.8604 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-17T10:34:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-17T02:34:34Z", "ms": -1224278726426.965 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-16T18:56:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-16T10:56:25Z", "ms": -1224335014760.4753 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-16T20:32:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-16T12:32:51Z", "ms": -1224329228674.7573 } }, "covered_min": 96, "window_min": 96, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-03-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-17T18:57:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-17T10:57:16Z", "ms": -1224248563635.7454 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-17T20:33:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-17T12:33:24Z", "ms": -1224242795744.0142 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 96, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:02 on Mon 16 Mar to 10:35 on Tue 17 Mar.", "fact": "1931-03-16T00:02:16Z → 1931-03-17T02:34:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:56–20:33 on the 16th, 18:57–20:33 on the 17th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 96 of 96 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 96 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30163 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 16 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Monday 16 March. Trayodaśī runs from 08:02 on Mon 16 Mar to 10:35 on Tue 17 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-03-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-03-17", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33151, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-03-17T10:34:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-17T02:34:34Z", "ms": -1224278726426.965 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-18T13:12:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-18T05:12:52Z", "ms": -1224182827748.1892 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-17T10:34:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-17T02:34:34Z", "ms": -1224278726426.965 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-18T13:12:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-18T05:12:52Z", "ms": -1224182827748.1892 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-17T00:34:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-16T16:34:03Z", "ms": -1224314756939.0322 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-17T01:22:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-16T17:22:03Z", "ms": -1224311876939.0322 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-03-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-18T00:33:46+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-17T16:33:46Z", "ms": -1224228374041.753 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-18T01:21:46+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-17T17:21:46Z", "ms": -1224225494041.753 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 10:35 on Tue 17 Mar to 13:13 on Wed 18 Mar.", "fact": "1931-03-17T02:34:34Z → 1931-03-18T05:12:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:34–01:22 on the 16th, 00:34–01:22 on the 17th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33151 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 17 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1931 falls on Tuesday 17 March. Caturdaśī runs from 10:35 on Tue 17 Mar to 13:13 on Wed 18 Mar and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-03-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "festival": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "name": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra)", "everyday": "Chaitra Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8917, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1931-03-19T15:50:31+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-19T07:50:31Z", "ms": -1224086968571.3735 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-20T18:21:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-20T10:21:19Z", "ms": -1223991520510.2073 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-19T15:50:31+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-19T07:50:31Z", "ms": -1224086968571.3735 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-20T18:21:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-20T10:21:19Z", "ms": -1223991520510.2073 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-19T12:33:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-19T04:33:54Z", "ms": -1224098765959.8525 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-19T13:21:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-19T05:21:54Z", "ms": -1224095885959.8525 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-03-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-20T12:33:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-20T04:33:36Z", "ms": -1224012383522.58 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-20T13:21:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-20T05:21:36Z", "ms": -1224009503522.58 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 15:51 on Thu 19 Mar to 18:21 on Fri 20 Mar.", "fact": "1931-03-19T07:50:31Z → 1931-03-20T10:21:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:34–13:22 on the 19th, 12:34–13:22 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 8917 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra), Qingyang, 1931: Friday 20 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Navarātrārambha (Caitra) (Chaitra Navratri) 1931 falls on Friday 20 March. Pratipadā runs from 15:51 on Thu 19 Mar to 18:21 on Fri 20 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/gauri-tritiya", "festival": "gauri-tritiya", "name": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Gangaur", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26275, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1931-03-21T20:39:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-21T12:39:14Z", "ms": -1223896846146.5925 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-22T22:38:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-22T14:38:07Z", "ms": -1223803313397.8943 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-21T20:39:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-21T12:39:14Z", "ms": -1223896846146.5925 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-22T22:38:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-22T14:38:07Z", "ms": -1223803313397.8943 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-21T12:33:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-21T04:33:19Z", "ms": -1223926001242.5293 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-21T13:21:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-21T05:21:19Z", "ms": -1223923121242.5293 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-03-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-22T12:33:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-22T04:33:01Z", "ms": -1223839619102.0532 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-22T13:21:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-22T05:21:01Z", "ms": -1223836739102.0532 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 20:39 on Sat 21 Mar to 22:38 on Sun 22 Mar.", "fact": "1931-03-21T12:39:14Z → 1931-03-22T14:38:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:33–13:21 on the 21st, 12:33–13:21 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26275 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 22 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gauri-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Gaurī Tṛtīyā (Gangaur) 1931 falls on Sunday 22 March. Tṛtīyā runs from 20:39 on Sat 21 Mar to 22:38 on Sun 22 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/gauri-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26275, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1931-03-21T20:39:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-21T12:39:14Z", "ms": -1223896846146.5925 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-22T22:38:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-22T14:38:07Z", "ms": -1223803313397.8943 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-21T20:39:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-21T12:39:14Z", "ms": -1223896846146.5925 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-22T22:38:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-22T14:38:07Z", "ms": -1223803313397.8943 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-21T12:33:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-21T04:33:19Z", "ms": -1223926001242.5293 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-21T13:21:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-21T05:21:19Z", "ms": -1223923121242.5293 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-03-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-22T12:33:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-22T04:33:01Z", "ms": -1223839619102.0532 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-22T13:21:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-22T05:21:01Z", "ms": -1223836739102.0532 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 20:39 on Sat 21 Mar to 22:38 on Sun 22 Mar.", "fact": "1931-03-21T12:39:14Z → 1931-03-22T14:38:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:33–13:21 on the 21st, 12:33–13:21 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26275 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 22 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata 1931 falls on Sunday 22 March. Tṛtīyā runs from 20:39 on Sat 21 Mar to 22:38 on Sun 22 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-03-23", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33426, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-03-22T22:38:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-22T14:38:07Z", "ms": -1223803313397.8943 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-24T00:11:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-23T16:11:45Z", "ms": -1223711294834.665 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-22T22:38:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-22T14:38:07Z", "ms": -1223803313397.8943 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-24T00:11:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-23T16:11:45Z", "ms": -1223711294834.665 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-22T12:33:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-22T04:33:01Z", "ms": -1223839619102.0532 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-22T13:21:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-22T05:21:01Z", "ms": -1223836739102.0532 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-23T12:32:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-23T04:32:43Z", "ms": -1223753237083.45 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-23T13:20:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-23T05:20:43Z", "ms": -1223750357083.45 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:38 on Sun 22 Mar to 00:12 on Tue 24 Mar.", "fact": "1931-03-22T14:38:07Z → 1931-03-23T16:11:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:33–13:21 on the 22nd, 12:33–13:21 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33426 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 23 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1931 falls on Monday 23 March. Caturthī runs from 22:38 on Sun 22 Mar to 00:12 on Tue 24 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-03-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/lakshmi-panchami", "festival": "lakshmi-panchami", "name": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39062, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1931-03-24T00:11:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-23T16:11:45Z", "ms": -1223711294834.665 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-25T01:14:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-24T17:14:12Z", "ms": -1223621147991.6729 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-24T00:11:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-23T16:11:45Z", "ms": -1223711294834.665 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-25T01:14:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-24T17:14:12Z", "ms": -1223621147991.6729 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-23T12:32:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-23T04:32:43Z", "ms": -1223753237083.45 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-23T13:20:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-23T05:20:43Z", "ms": -1223750357083.45 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-24T12:32:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-24T04:32:25Z", "ms": -1223666855168.905 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-24T13:20:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-24T05:20:25Z", "ms": -1223663975168.905 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 00:12 on Tue 24 Mar to 01:14 on Wed 25 Mar.", "fact": "1931-03-23T16:11:45Z → 1931-03-24T17:14:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:33–13:21 on the 23rd, 12:32–13:20 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 39062 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 24 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "lakshmi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri pancami or Laksmi pancami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Lakṣmī Pañcamī 1931 falls on Tuesday 24 March. Pañcamī runs from 00:12 on Tue 24 Mar to 01:14 on Wed 25 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/lakshmi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/bhavani-utpatti", "festival": "bhavani-utpatti", "name": "Bhavānī Utpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39899, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1931-03-27T01:26:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-26T17:26:32Z", "ms": -1223447608479.5522 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-28T00:31:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-27T16:31:15Z", "ms": -1223364525208.7163 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-27T01:26:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-26T17:26:32Z", "ms": -1223447608479.5522 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-28T00:31:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-27T16:31:15Z", "ms": -1223364525208.7163 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-27T12:31:30+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-27T04:31:30Z", "ms": -1223407709868.2637 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-27T13:19:30+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-27T05:19:30Z", "ms": -1223404829868.2637 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-03-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-28T12:31:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-28T04:31:12Z", "ms": -1223321328186.8042 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-28T13:19:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-28T05:19:12Z", "ms": -1223318448186.8042 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 01:27 on Fri 27 Mar to 00:31 on Sat 28 Mar.", "fact": "1931-03-26T17:26:32Z → 1931-03-27T16:31:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 27th, 12:31–13:19 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 39899 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhavānī Utpatti, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 27 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhavani-utpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Annapurna puja (Beng.) (paraviddha), Bhavani-utpatti (paraviddha), Asokastami (Special when combined with naks. Punarvasu and Wednesday, after mid-day)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Bhavānī Utpatti 1931 falls on Friday 27 March. Aṣṭamī runs from 01:27 on Fri 27 Mar to 00:31 on Sat 28 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/bhavani-utpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/rama-navami", "festival": "rama-navami", "name": "Rāma Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34567, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1931-03-28T00:31:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-27T16:31:15Z", "ms": -1223364525208.7163 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-28T22:55:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-28T14:55:19Z", "ms": -1223283881281.7566 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-28T00:31:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-27T16:31:15Z", "ms": -1223364525208.7163 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-28T22:55:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-28T14:55:19Z", "ms": -1223283881281.7566 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-27T12:31:30+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-27T04:31:30Z", "ms": -1223407709868.2637 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-27T13:19:30+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-27T05:19:30Z", "ms": -1223404829868.2637 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-03-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-28T12:31:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-28T04:31:12Z", "ms": -1223321328186.8042 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-28T13:19:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-28T05:19:12Z", "ms": -1223318448186.8042 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 00:31 on Sat 28 Mar to 22:55 on Sat 28 Mar.", "fact": "1931-03-27T16:31:15Z → 1931-03-28T14:55:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 27th, 12:31–13:19 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34567 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāma Navamī, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 28 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rama-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Ramanavami (madhyahnavyapini, special with Punarvasu naks.), Rama jayanti." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special when it falls with Punarvasu nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rāma Navamī 1931 falls on Saturday 28 March. Navamī runs from 00:31 on Sat 28 Mar to 22:55 on Sat 28 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/rama-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-03-30", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35950, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-03-29T20:41:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-29T12:41:53Z", "ms": -1223205486793.217 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-30T17:56:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-30T09:56:13Z", "ms": -1223129027201.6646 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-29T20:41:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-29T12:41:53Z", "ms": -1223205486793.217 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-30T17:56:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-30T09:56:13Z", "ms": -1223129027201.6646 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-30T06:41:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-29T22:41:03Z", "ms": -1223169536593.4368 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-30T06:41:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-29T22:41:03Z", "ms": -1223169536593.4368 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-31T06:39:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-30T22:39:38Z", "ms": -1223083222424.6548 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-31T06:39:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-30T22:39:38Z", "ms": -1223083222424.6548 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-03-31", "start": { "local": "1931-03-31T06:39:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-30T22:39:38Z", "ms": -1223083222424.6548 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-31T09:09:29+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-31T01:09:29Z", "ms": -1223074230702.573 }, "basis": "pratah", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-03-31T14:45:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-31T06:45:12Z", "ms": -1223054087734.9124 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-03-30T23:08:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-30T15:08:28Z", "ms": -1223110292334.9766 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:42 on Sun 29 Mar to 17:56 on Mon 30 Mar.", "fact": "1931-03-29T12:41:53Z → 1931-03-30T09:56:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:41 on the 30th and 06:40 on the 31st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 30th and is not on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35950 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 30 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kāmadā Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Monday 30 March. Ekādaśī runs from 20:42 on Sun 29 Mar to 17:56 on Mon 30 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-03-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-03-31", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-03-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15824, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-03-31T14:45:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-31T06:45:12Z", "ms": -1223054087734.9124 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-01T11:17:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-01T03:17:00Z", "ms": -1222980179686.516 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-31T14:45:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-31T06:45:12Z", "ms": -1223054087734.9124 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-01T11:17:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-01T03:17:00Z", "ms": -1222980179686.516 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-31T19:08:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-31T11:08:56Z", "ms": -1223038263814.2456 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-31T20:40:50+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-31T12:40:50Z", "ms": -1223032749717.5862 } }, "covered_min": 92, "window_min": 92, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-01T19:09:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-01T11:09:45Z", "ms": -1222951814610.7158 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-01T20:41:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-01T12:41:22Z", "ms": -1222946318470.1174 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 92, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:45 on Tue 31 Mar to 11:17 on Wed 1 Apr.", "fact": "1931-03-31T06:45:12Z → 1931-04-01T03:17:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:09–20:41 on the 31st, 19:10–20:41 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 92 of 92 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 92 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15824 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 31 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-03-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Tuesday 31 March. Trayodaśī runs from 14:45 on Tue 31 Mar to 11:17 on Wed 1 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-03-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ananga-trayodashi", "festival": "ananga-trayodashi", "name": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4378, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-03-31T14:45:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-31T06:45:12Z", "ms": -1223054087734.9124 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-01T11:17:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-01T03:17:00Z", "ms": -1222980179686.516 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-03-31T14:45:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-31T06:45:12Z", "ms": -1223054087734.9124 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-01T11:17:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-01T03:17:00Z", "ms": -1222980179686.516 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-03-31T12:30:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-31T04:30:17Z", "ms": -1223062183119.4502 }, "end": { "local": "1931-03-31T13:18:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-03-31T05:18:17Z", "ms": -1223059303119.4502 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-01T12:29:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-01T04:29:59Z", "ms": -1222975801350.0083 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-01T13:17:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-01T05:17:59Z", "ms": -1222972921350.0083 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:45 on Tue 31 Mar to 11:17 on Wed 1 Apr.", "fact": "1931-03-31T06:45:12Z → 1931-04-01T03:17:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:30–13:18 on the 31st, 12:30–13:18 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → second-day · margin 4378 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 1 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananga-trayodashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 13 Ananga trayodasi (purvaviddha), Mahavira jayanti (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Anaṅga Trayodaśī 1931 falls on Wednesday 1 April. Trayodaśī runs from 14:45 on Tue 31 Mar to 11:17 on Wed 1 Apr, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ananga-trayodashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "festival": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "name": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4378, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-04-01T11:17:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-01T03:17:00Z", "ms": -1222980179686.516 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-02T07:40:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-01T23:40:35Z", "ms": -1222906764552.9036 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-04-01T11:17:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-01T03:17:00Z", "ms": -1222980179686.516 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-02T07:40:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-01T23:40:35Z", "ms": -1222906764552.9036 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-01T12:29:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-01T04:29:59Z", "ms": -1222975801350.0083 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-01T13:17:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-01T05:17:59Z", "ms": -1222972921350.0083 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-04-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-02T12:29:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-02T04:29:40Z", "ms": -1222889419501.6929 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-02T13:17:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-02T05:17:40Z", "ms": -1222886539501.6929 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 11:17 on Wed 1 Apr to 07:41 on Thu 2 Apr.", "fact": "1931-04-01T03:17:00Z → 1931-04-01T23:40:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:30–13:18 on the 1st, 12:30–13:18 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4378 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 1 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Madanabhanji, (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Sivadamanaka caturdasi, Visnudamanaka caturdasi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī 1931 falls on Wednesday 1 April. Caturdaśī runs from 11:17 on Wed 1 Apr to 07:41 on Thu 2 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/chaitri-purnima", "festival": "chaitri-purnima", "name": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17345, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1931-04-02T07:40:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-01T23:40:35Z", "ms": -1222906764552.9036 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-03T04:05:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-02T20:05:25Z", "ms": -1222833274808.9163 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-04-02T07:40:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-01T23:40:35Z", "ms": -1222906764552.9036 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-03T04:05:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-02T20:05:25Z", "ms": -1222833274808.9163 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-04-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-02T12:29:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-02T04:29:40Z", "ms": -1222889419501.6929 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-02T13:17:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-02T05:17:40Z", "ms": -1222886539501.6929 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-04-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-03T12:29:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-03T04:29:22Z", "ms": -1222803037550.4702 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-03T13:17:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-03T05:17:22Z", "ms": -1222800157550.4702 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 07:41 on Thu 2 Apr to 04:05 on Fri 3 Apr.", "fact": "1931-04-01T23:40:35Z → 1931-04-02T20:05:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:30–13:18 on the 2nd, 12:29–13:17 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17345 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 2 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chaitri-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Caitri purnima (paraviddha), Hanumat jayanti, Oli ending (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Caitrī Pūrṇimā 1931 falls on Thursday 2 April. Pūrṇimā runs from 07:41 on Thu 2 Apr to 04:05 on Fri 3 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/chaitri-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-04-05", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12091, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-04-05T19:02:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-05T11:02:36Z", "ms": -1222606643934.673 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-06T17:05:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-06T09:05:17Z", "ms": -1222527283386.369 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-04-05T19:02:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-05T11:02:36Z", "ms": -1222606643934.673 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-06T17:05:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-06T09:05:17Z", "ms": -1222527283386.369 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-05T22:24:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-05T14:24:07Z", "ms": -1222594552758.581 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-05T22:24:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-05T14:24:07Z", "ms": -1222594552758.581 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-06T23:36:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-06T15:36:20Z", "ms": -1222503820452.7102 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-06T23:36:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-06T15:36:20Z", "ms": -1222503820452.7102 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:03 on Sun 5 Apr to 17:05 on Mon 6 Apr.", "fact": "1931-04-05T11:02:36Z → 1931-04-06T09:05:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:24 on the 5th and 23:36 on the 6th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 5th and is not on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12091 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 5 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1931 falls on Sunday 5 April. Caturthī runs from 19:03 on Sun 5 Apr to 17:05 on Mon 6 Apr and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-04-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vaishakhi", "festival": "vaishakhi", "name": "Vaiśākhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10801, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 0, "key": "mesha", "name": "Meṣa", "start": { "local": "1931-04-14T03:20:06+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-13T19:20:06Z", "ms": -1221885593951.0378 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-15T00:18:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-14T16:18:13Z", "ms": -1219218106923.4229 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1931-04-14T03:20:06+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-13T19:20:06Z", "ms": -1221885593951.0378 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-14T03:20:06+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-13T19:20:06Z", "ms": -1221885593951.0378 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-13T06:21:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-12T22:21:28Z", "ms": -1221961111782.1726 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-14T06:20:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-13T22:20:08Z", "ms": -1221874792482.5261 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-14T06:20:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-13T22:20:08Z", "ms": -1221874792482.5261 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-15T06:18:47+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-14T22:18:47Z", "ms": -1221788472595.1797 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Meṣa at 03:20 on Tue 14 Apr.", "fact": "1931-04-13T19:20:06Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:21 on the 13th, and from 06:20 on the 14th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from sunrise. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunrise → only-day · margin 10801 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaiśākhī, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "vaishakhi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Mesadi — Cadaka puja (Bengal), Bahag Bihu (Assam), Cheiraoba (Manipur), Visu (T. C. State), Vaisakhi (on the samkramana day commencing from sunrise)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The other names in the row (Cadaka puja, Bahag Bihu, Cheiraoba, Visu) are regional observances and wait with the regional rows.", "rashi": "Meṣa", "day_from": "sunrise" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1931-04-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1931-04-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vaiśākhī 1931 falls on Monday 13 April. The Sun enters Meṣa at 03:20 on Tue 14 Apr, and the rule counts the day from sunrise. Counted from midnight, or by the Tamil rule for the first day of a solar month, which gives a transit after sunset to the next day, it is 14 April.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vaishakhi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-04-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24821, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-04-12T20:54:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-12T12:54:10Z", "ms": -1221995150317.075 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-13T23:26:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-13T15:26:26Z", "ms": -1221899613686.4185 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-04-12T20:54:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-12T12:54:10Z", "ms": -1221995150317.075 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-13T23:26:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-13T15:26:26Z", "ms": -1221899613686.4185 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-13T06:21:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-12T22:21:28Z", "ms": -1221961111782.1726 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-13T06:21:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-12T22:21:28Z", "ms": -1221961111782.1726 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-14T06:20:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-13T22:20:08Z", "ms": -1221874792482.5261 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-14T06:20:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-13T22:20:08Z", "ms": -1221874792482.5261 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-04-14", "start": { "local": "1931-04-14T06:20:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-13T22:20:08Z", "ms": -1221874792482.5261 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-14T08:56:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-14T00:56:11Z", "ms": -1221865428745.2124 }, "basis": "pratah", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-04-15T02:04:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-14T18:04:41Z", "ms": -1221803719078.7988 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-04-14T06:06:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-13T22:06:00Z", "ms": -1221875640034.5137 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:54 on Sun 12 Apr to 23:26 on Mon 13 Apr.", "fact": "1931-04-12T12:54:10Z → 1931-04-13T15:26:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:21 on the 13th and 06:20 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 13th and is not on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24821 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Varūthinī Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Monday 13 April. Ekādaśī runs from 20:54 on Sun 12 Apr to 23:26 on Mon 13 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-04-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-04-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18988, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-04-15T02:04:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-14T18:04:41Z", "ms": -1221803719078.7988 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-16T04:38:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-15T20:38:19Z", "ms": -1221708101216.192 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-04-15T02:04:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-14T18:04:41Z", "ms": -1221803719078.7988 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-16T04:38:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-15T20:38:19Z", "ms": -1221708101216.192 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-14T19:20:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-14T11:20:26Z", "ms": -1221827973795.957 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-14T20:48:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-14T12:48:13Z", "ms": -1221822706969.1868 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 88, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-15T19:21:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-15T11:21:16Z", "ms": -1221741524127.8936 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-15T20:48:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-15T12:48:45Z", "ms": -1221736274523.1577 } }, "covered_min": 87, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 02:05 on Wed 15 Apr to 04:38 on Thu 16 Apr.", "fact": "1931-04-14T18:04:41Z → 1931-04-15T20:38:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:20–20:48 on the 14th, 19:21–20:49 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 88 minutes on the 14th and 87 of 87 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18988 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 15 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Wednesday 15 April. Trayodaśī runs from 02:05 on Wed 15 Apr to 04:38 on Thu 16 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-04-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-04-16", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12297, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-04-16T04:38:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-15T20:38:19Z", "ms": -1221708101216.192 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-17T06:58:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-16T22:58:43Z", "ms": -1221613276514.0664 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-04-16T04:38:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-15T20:38:19Z", "ms": -1221708101216.192 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-17T06:58:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-16T22:58:43Z", "ms": -1221613276514.0664 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-16T00:25:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-15T16:25:22Z", "ms": -1221723278110.1343 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-16T01:13:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-15T17:13:22Z", "ms": -1221720398110.1343 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-17T00:25:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-16T16:25:07Z", "ms": -1221636892669.7317 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-17T01:13:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-16T17:13:07Z", "ms": -1221634012669.7317 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 04:38 on Thu 16 Apr to 06:59 on Fri 17 Apr.", "fact": "1931-04-15T20:38:19Z → 1931-04-16T22:58:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:25–01:13 on the 15th, 00:25–01:13 on the 16th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12297 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 16 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1931 falls on Thursday 16 April. Caturdaśī runs from 04:38 on Thu 16 Apr to 06:59 on Fri 17 Apr and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-04-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/parashurama-jayanti", "festival": "parashurama-jayanti", "name": "Paraśurāma Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25003, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1931-04-20T11:47:06+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-20T03:47:06Z", "ms": -1221336774260.938 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-21T12:29:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-21T04:29:32Z", "ms": -1221247827573.6978 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-04-20T11:47:06+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-20T03:47:06Z", "ms": -1221336774260.938 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-21T12:29:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-21T04:29:32Z", "ms": -1221247827573.6978 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-20T19:25:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-20T11:25:25Z", "ms": -1221309274833.8147 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-20T20:51:30+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-20T12:51:30Z", "ms": -1221304110108.6465 } }, "covered_min": 86, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-21T19:26:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-21T11:26:15Z", "ms": -1221222824811.4067 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-21T20:52:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-21T12:52:03Z", "ms": -1221217676787.4338 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 11:47 on Mon 20 Apr to 12:30 on Tue 21 Apr.", "fact": "1931-04-20T03:47:06Z → 1931-04-21T04:29:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:25–20:51 on the 20th, 19:26–20:52 on the 21st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 86 of 86 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 86 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25003 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Jayantī, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 20 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Paraśurāma Jayantī 1931 falls on Monday 20 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 11:47 on Mon 20 Apr to 12:30 on Tue 21 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/parashurama-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/akshaya-tritiya", "festival": "akshaya-tritiya", "name": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4226, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1931-04-20T11:47:06+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-20T03:47:06Z", "ms": -1221336774260.938 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-21T12:29:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-21T04:29:32Z", "ms": -1221247827573.6978 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-04-20T11:47:06+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-20T03:47:06Z", "ms": -1221336774260.938 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-21T12:29:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-21T04:29:32Z", "ms": -1221247827573.6978 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-20T06:12:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-19T22:12:17Z", "ms": -1221356863381.6938 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-20T10:36:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-20T02:36:39Z", "ms": -1221341000532.401 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 264, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-21T06:11:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-20T22:11:01Z", "ms": -1221270539395.0522 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-21T10:36:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-21T02:36:05Z", "ms": -1221254634533.8372 } }, "covered_min": 265, "window_min": 265, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 11:47 on Mon 20 Apr to 12:30 on Tue 21 Apr.", "fact": "1931-04-20T03:47:06Z → 1931-04-21T04:29:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:12–10:37 on the 20th, 06:11–10:36 on the 21st.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 264 minutes on the 20th and 265 of 265 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4226 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 21 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Rohiṇī nakṣatra and a Wednesday; neither is tested.", "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Akṣaya Tṛtīyā 1931 falls on Tuesday 21 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 11:47 on Mon 20 Apr to 12:30 on Tue 21 Apr and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/akshaya-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-04-21", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-21", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin", "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 295, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-04-21T12:29:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-21T04:29:32Z", "ms": -1221247827573.6978 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-22T12:43:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-22T04:43:02Z", "ms": -1221160617928.7605 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-04-21T12:29:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-21T04:29:32Z", "ms": -1221247827573.6978 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-22T12:43:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-22T04:43:02Z", "ms": -1221160617928.7605 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-21T12:24:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-21T04:24:38Z", "ms": -1221248122103.2295 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-21T13:12:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-21T05:12:38Z", "ms": -1221245242103.2295 } }, "covered_min": 43, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-04-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-22T12:24:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-22T04:24:25Z", "ms": -1221161734689.8333 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-22T13:12:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-22T05:12:25Z", "ms": -1221158854689.8333 } }, "covered_min": 19, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:30 on Tue 21 Apr to 12:43 on Wed 22 Apr.", "fact": "1931-04-21T04:29:32Z → 1931-04-22T04:43:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:25–13:13 on the 21st, 12:24–13:12 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 43 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 19 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 295 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 21 April.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin, tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-21", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-21", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1931 falls on Tuesday 21 April. Caturthī runs from 12:30 on Tue 21 Apr to 12:43 on Wed 22 Apr and covers 43 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 19 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested. It is 4 min 55 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-04-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/shankara-jayanti", "festival": "shankara-jayanti", "name": "Śaṅkara Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-22", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin", "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 175, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1931-04-22T12:43:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-22T04:43:02Z", "ms": -1221160617928.7605 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-23T12:27:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-23T04:27:09Z", "ms": -1221075171450.114 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-04-22T12:43:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-22T04:43:02Z", "ms": -1221160617928.7605 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-23T12:27:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-23T04:27:09Z", "ms": -1221075171450.114 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-04-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-22T12:24:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-22T04:24:25Z", "ms": -1221161734689.8333 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-22T13:12:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-22T05:12:25Z", "ms": -1221158854689.8333 } }, "covered_min": 29, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-04-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-23T12:24:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-23T04:24:13Z", "ms": -1221075346857.9143 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-23T13:12:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-23T05:12:13Z", "ms": -1221072466857.9143 } }, "covered_min": 3, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 12:43 on Wed 22 Apr to 12:27 on Thu 23 Apr.", "fact": "1931-04-22T04:43:02Z → 1931-04-23T04:27:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:24–13:12 on the 22nd, 12:24–13:12 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 29 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 3 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 175 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śaṅkara Jayantī, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 22 April.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin, tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shankara-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sankara jayanti." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-22", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-22", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śaṅkara Jayantī 1931 falls on Wednesday 22 April. Pañcamī runs from 12:43 on Wed 22 Apr to 12:27 on Thu 23 Apr and covers 29 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 3 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested. It is 2 min 55 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/shankara-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/gangotpatti", "festival": "gangotpatti", "name": "Gaṅgotpatti", "everyday": "Ganga Saptami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2531, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1931-04-24T11:41:50+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-24T03:41:50Z", "ms": -1220991489806.295 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-25T10:27:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-25T02:27:37Z", "ms": -1220909543428.6213 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-04-24T11:41:50+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-24T03:41:50Z", "ms": -1220991489806.295 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-25T10:27:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-25T02:27:37Z", "ms": -1220909543428.6213 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-04-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-24T12:24:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-24T04:24:01Z", "ms": -1220988958597.9307 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-24T13:12:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-24T05:12:01Z", "ms": -1220986078597.9307 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-04-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-25T12:23:50+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-25T04:23:50Z", "ms": -1220902569900.2573 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-25T13:11:50+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-25T05:11:50Z", "ms": -1220899689900.2573 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 11:42 on Fri 24 Apr to 10:28 on Sat 25 Apr.", "fact": "1931-04-24T03:41:50Z → 1931-04-25T02:27:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:24–13:12 on the 24th, 12:24–13:12 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 2531 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṅgotpatti, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 24 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gangotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 1931 falls on Friday 24 April. Saptamī runs from 11:42 on Fri 24 Apr to 10:28 on Sat 25 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/gangotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-04-28", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mohinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6854, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-04-28T04:08:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-27T20:08:18Z", "ms": -1220673102009.06 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-29T01:20:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-28T17:20:27Z", "ms": -1220596772740.2207 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-04-28T04:08:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-27T20:08:18Z", "ms": -1220673102009.06 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-29T01:20:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-28T17:20:27Z", "ms": -1220596772740.2207 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-04-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-28T06:02:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-27T22:02:32Z", "ms": -1220666248219.9653 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-28T06:02:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-27T22:02:32Z", "ms": -1220666248219.9653 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-04-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-29T06:01:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-28T22:01:23Z", "ms": -1220579917251.0408 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-29T06:01:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-28T22:01:23Z", "ms": -1220579917251.0408 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-04-29", "start": { "local": "1931-04-29T06:35:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-28T22:35:23Z", "ms": -1220577877479.1514 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-29T08:43:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-29T00:43:41Z", "ms": -1220570178561.0283 }, "basis": "hari-vasara", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-04-29T22:20:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-29T14:20:08Z", "ms": -1220521191695.9436 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-04-29T06:35:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-28T22:35:23Z", "ms": -1220577877479.1514 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:08 on Tue 28 Apr to 01:20 on Wed 29 Apr.", "fact": "1931-04-27T20:08:18Z → 1931-04-28T17:20:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:03 on the 28th and 06:01 on the 29th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 28th and is not on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6854 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mohinī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 28 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mohinī Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Tuesday 28 April. Ekādaśī runs from 04:08 on Tue 28 Apr to 01:20 on Wed 29 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-04-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/parashurama-dvadashi", "festival": "parashurama-dvadashi", "name": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32939, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-04-29T01:20:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-28T17:20:27Z", "ms": -1220596772740.2207 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-29T22:20:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-29T14:20:08Z", "ms": -1220521191695.9436 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-04-29T01:20:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-28T17:20:27Z", "ms": -1220596772740.2207 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-29T22:20:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-29T14:20:08Z", "ms": -1220521191695.9436 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-04-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-28T12:23:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-28T04:23:19Z", "ms": -1220643401079.3066 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-28T13:11:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-28T05:11:19Z", "ms": -1220640521079.3066 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-04-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-29T12:23:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-29T04:23:09Z", "ms": -1220557010526.0093 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-29T13:11:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-29T05:11:09Z", "ms": -1220554130526.0093 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 01:20 on Wed 29 Apr to 22:20 on Wed 29 Apr.", "fact": "1931-04-28T17:20:27Z → 1931-04-29T14:20:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 28th, 12:23–13:11 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 32939 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 29 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Paraśurāma Dvādaśī 1931 falls on Wednesday 29 April. Dvādaśī runs from 01:20 on Wed 29 Apr to 22:20 on Wed 29 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/parashurama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/rukmini-dvadashi", "festival": "rukmini-dvadashi", "name": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32939, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-04-29T01:20:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-28T17:20:27Z", "ms": -1220596772740.2207 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-29T22:20:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-29T14:20:08Z", "ms": -1220521191695.9436 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-04-29T01:20:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-28T17:20:27Z", "ms": -1220596772740.2207 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-29T22:20:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-29T14:20:08Z", "ms": -1220521191695.9436 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-04-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-28T12:23:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-28T04:23:19Z", "ms": -1220643401079.3066 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-28T13:11:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-28T05:11:19Z", "ms": -1220640521079.3066 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-04-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-29T12:23:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-29T04:23:09Z", "ms": -1220557010526.0093 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-29T13:11:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-29T05:11:09Z", "ms": -1220554130526.0093 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 01:20 on Wed 29 Apr to 22:20 on Wed 29 Apr.", "fact": "1931-04-28T17:20:27Z → 1931-04-29T14:20:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 28th, 12:23–13:11 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 32939 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 29 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rukmini-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī 1931 falls on Wednesday 29 April. Dvādaśī runs from 01:20 on Wed 29 Apr to 22:20 on Wed 29 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/rukmini-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-04-29", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-29", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1192, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-04-29T22:20:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-29T14:20:08Z", "ms": -1220521191695.9436 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-30T19:13:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-30T11:13:55Z", "ms": -1220445965199.1199 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-04-29T22:20:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-29T14:20:08Z", "ms": -1220521191695.9436 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-30T19:13:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-30T11:13:55Z", "ms": -1220445965199.1199 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-04-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-29T19:32:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-29T11:32:56Z", "ms": -1220531223800.978 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-29T20:56:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-29T12:56:35Z", "ms": -1220526205331.609 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-04-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-30T19:33:46+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-30T11:33:46Z", "ms": -1220444773678.0703 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-30T20:57:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-30T12:57:09Z", "ms": -1220439770824.8928 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:20 on Wed 29 Apr to 19:14 on Thu 30 Apr.", "fact": "1931-04-29T14:20:08Z → 1931-04-30T11:13:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:33–20:57 on the 29th, 19:34–20:57 on the 30th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 84 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 83 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither evening qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 1192 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 29 April.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-29", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-29", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Wednesday 29 April. Trayodaśī runs from 22:20 on Wed 29 Apr to 19:14 on Thu 30 Apr, and reaches pradoṣa on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-04-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "festival": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "name": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Narasimha Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-04-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1192, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-04-30T19:13:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-30T11:13:55Z", "ms": -1220445965199.1199 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-01T16:09:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-01T08:09:14Z", "ms": -1220370645639.9353 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-04-30T19:13:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-30T11:13:55Z", "ms": -1220445965199.1199 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-01T16:09:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-01T08:09:14Z", "ms": -1220370645639.9353 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-04-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-04-30T19:33:46+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-30T11:33:46Z", "ms": -1220444773678.0703 }, "end": { "local": "1931-04-30T20:57:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-04-30T12:57:09Z", "ms": -1220439770824.8928 } }, "covered_min": 83, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-01T19:34:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-01T11:34:36Z", "ms": -1220358323574.2383 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-01T20:57:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-01T12:57:44Z", "ms": -1220353336193.2466 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:14 on Thu 30 Apr to 16:09 on Fri 1 May.", "fact": "1931-04-30T11:13:55Z → 1931-05-01T08:09:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:34–20:57 on the 30th, 19:35–20:58 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 83 of 83 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 83 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1192 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 30 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Nrsimha caturdasi (pradosa vyapini — if it occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed, special when combined with naksatra 'Svati', yoga 'Siddhi' and 'Saturday')." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Svātī nakṣatra, Siddhi yoga and a Saturday; none is tested.", "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-04-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī (Narasimha Jayanti) 1931 falls on Thursday 30 April. Caturdaśī runs from 19:14 on Thu 30 Apr to 16:09 on Fri 1 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/buddha-purnima", "festival": "buddha-purnima", "name": "Buddha Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-05-02", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 212, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1931-05-01T16:09:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-01T08:09:14Z", "ms": -1220370645639.9353 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-02T13:14:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-02T05:14:16Z", "ms": -1220294744124.6528 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-05-01T16:09:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-01T08:09:14Z", "ms": -1220370645639.9353 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-02T13:14:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-02T05:14:16Z", "ms": -1220294744124.6528 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-01T12:22:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-01T04:22:52Z", "ms": -1220384227926.7393 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-01T13:10:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-01T05:10:52Z", "ms": -1220381347926.7393 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-05-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-02T12:22:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-02T04:22:44Z", "ms": -1220297835855.4866 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-02T13:10:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-02T05:10:44Z", "ms": -1220294955855.4866 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 16:09 on Fri 1 May to 13:14 on Sat 2 May.", "fact": "1931-05-01T08:09:14Z → 1931-05-02T05:14:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 1st, 12:23–13:11 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 212 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Buddha Pūrṇimā, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 2 May.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "buddha-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-02", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Buddha Pūrṇimā 1931 falls on Saturday 2 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 16:09 on Fri 1 May to 13:14 on Sat 2 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It is 3 min 32 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/buddha-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/sampat-gauri-vrata", "festival": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "name": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-05-02", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 212, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1931-05-01T16:09:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-01T08:09:14Z", "ms": -1220370645639.9353 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-02T13:14:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-02T05:14:16Z", "ms": -1220294744124.6528 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-05-01T16:09:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-01T08:09:14Z", "ms": -1220370645639.9353 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-02T13:14:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-02T05:14:16Z", "ms": -1220294744124.6528 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-01T12:22:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-01T04:22:52Z", "ms": -1220384227926.7393 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-01T13:10:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-01T05:10:52Z", "ms": -1220381347926.7393 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-05-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-02T12:22:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-02T04:22:44Z", "ms": -1220297835855.4866 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-02T13:10:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-02T05:10:44Z", "ms": -1220294955855.4866 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 16:09 on Fri 1 May to 13:14 on Sat 2 May.", "fact": "1931-05-01T08:09:14Z → 1931-05-02T05:14:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 1st, 12:23–13:11 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 212 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 2 May.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-02", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Sampat Gaurī Vrata 1931 falls on Saturday 2 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 16:09 on Fri 1 May to 13:14 on Sat 2 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It is 3 min 32 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/sampat-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-05-05", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-05-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23417, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-05-05T06:52:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-04T22:52:27Z", "ms": -1220058453364.4766 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-06T05:58:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-05T21:58:43Z", "ms": -1219975277214.6558 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-05-05T06:52:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-04T22:52:27Z", "ms": -1220058453364.4766 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-06T05:58:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-05T21:58:43Z", "ms": -1219975277214.6558 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-05-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-04T22:23:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-04T14:23:25Z", "ms": -1220088995491.9368 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-04T22:23:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-04T14:23:25Z", "ms": -1220088995491.9368 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-05T23:28:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-05T15:28:26Z", "ms": -1219998694141.713 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-05T23:28:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-05T15:28:26Z", "ms": -1219998694141.713 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:52 on Tue 5 May to 05:59 on Wed 6 May.", "fact": "1931-05-04T22:52:27Z → 1931-05-05T21:58:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:23 on the 4th and 23:28 on the 5th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 4th and is on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23417 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 5 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1931 falls on Tuesday 5 May. Caturthī runs from 06:52 on Tue 5 May to 05:59 on Wed 6 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-05-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-05-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Aparā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-05-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32477, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-05-12T14:49:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-12T06:49:24Z", "ms": -1219425035881.6233 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-13T17:20:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-13T09:20:11Z", "ms": -1219329588963.091 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-05-12T14:49:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-12T06:49:24Z", "ms": -1219425035881.6233 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-13T17:20:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-13T09:20:11Z", "ms": -1219329588963.091 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-05-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-12T05:48:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-11T21:48:07Z", "ms": -1219457512776.8293 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-12T05:48:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-11T21:48:07Z", "ms": -1219457512776.8293 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-05-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-13T05:47:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-12T21:47:15Z", "ms": -1219371165142.1523 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-13T05:47:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-12T21:47:15Z", "ms": -1219371165142.1523 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-05-14", "start": { "local": "1931-05-14T05:46:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-13T21:46:24Z", "ms": -1219284816117.8535 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-14T08:34:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-14T00:34:11Z", "ms": -1219274748631.8723 }, "basis": "pratah", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-05-14T19:34:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-14T11:34:52Z", "ms": -1219235108188.8706 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-05-13T23:53:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-13T15:53:51Z", "ms": -1219305968769.536 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:49 on Tue 12 May to 17:20 on Wed 13 May.", "fact": "1931-05-12T06:49:24Z → 1931-05-13T09:20:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:48 on the 12th and 05:47 on the 13th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 12th and is on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 32477 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aparā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 13 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Aparā Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Wednesday 13 May. Ekādaśī runs from 14:49 on Tue 12 May to 17:20 on Wed 13 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-05-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-05-14", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-05-14", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 630, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-05-14T19:34:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-14T11:34:52Z", "ms": -1219235108188.8706 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-15T21:24:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-15T13:24:08Z", "ms": -1219142152322.4697 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-05-14T19:34:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-14T11:34:52Z", "ms": -1219235108188.8706 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-15T21:24:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-15T13:24:08Z", "ms": -1219142152322.4697 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-14T19:45:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-14T11:45:21Z", "ms": -1219234478687.947 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-14T21:05:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-14T13:05:23Z", "ms": -1219229676953.809 } }, "covered_min": 80, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-15T19:46:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-15T11:46:10Z", "ms": -1219148030217.9446 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-15T21:05:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-15T13:05:59Z", "ms": -1219143241364.0093 } }, "covered_min": 80, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 19:35 on Thu 14 May to 21:24 on Fri 15 May.", "fact": "1931-05-14T11:34:52Z → 1931-05-15T13:24:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:45–21:05 on the 14th, 19:46–21:06 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 80 of 80 minutes on the 14th and 80 of 80 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 630 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 14 May.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-14", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-14", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Thursday 14 May. Trayodaśī runs from 19:35 on Thu 14 May to 21:24 on Fri 15 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 80 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-05-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-05-15", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-05-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5942, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-05-15T21:24:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-15T13:24:08Z", "ms": -1219142152322.4697 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-16T22:42:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-16T14:42:26Z", "ms": -1219051053530.476 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-05-15T21:24:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-15T13:24:08Z", "ms": -1219142152322.4697 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-16T22:42:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-16T14:42:26Z", "ms": -1219051053530.476 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-16T00:21:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-15T16:21:28Z", "ms": -1219131512015.687 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-16T01:09:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-15T17:09:28Z", "ms": -1219128632015.687 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-17T00:21:29+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-16T16:21:29Z", "ms": -1219045111264.437 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-17T01:09:29+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-16T17:09:29Z", "ms": -1219042231264.437 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 21:24 on Fri 15 May to 22:42 on Sat 16 May.", "fact": "1931-05-15T13:24:08Z → 1931-05-16T14:42:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:21–01:09 on the 15th, 00:21–01:09 on the 16th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5942 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 15 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1931 falls on Friday 15 May. Caturdaśī runs from 21:24 on Fri 15 May to 22:42 on Sat 16 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-05-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/rambha-tritiya", "festival": "rambha-tritiya", "name": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-05-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34316, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1931-05-19T23:24:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-19T15:24:28Z", "ms": -1218789332326.699 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-20T22:41:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-20T14:41:54Z", "ms": -1218705486388.8083 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-05-19T23:24:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-19T15:24:28Z", "ms": -1218789332326.699 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-20T22:41:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-20T14:41:54Z", "ms": -1218705486388.8083 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-19T12:21:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-19T04:21:56Z", "ms": -1218829084481.1646 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-19T13:09:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-19T05:09:56Z", "ms": -1218826204481.1646 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-20T12:21:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-20T04:21:58Z", "ms": -1218742682238.2231 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-20T13:09:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-20T05:09:58Z", "ms": -1218739802238.2231 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 23:24 on Tue 19 May to 22:42 on Wed 20 May.", "fact": "1931-05-19T15:24:28Z → 1931-05-20T14:41:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:22–13:10 on the 19th, 12:22–13:10 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 34316 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 20 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rambha-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Rambha trtiya (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rambhā Tṛtīyā 1931 falls on Wednesday 20 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 23:24 on Tue 19 May to 22:42 on Wed 20 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/rambha-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-05-21", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-05-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30418, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-05-20T22:41:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-20T14:41:54Z", "ms": -1218705486388.8083 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-21T21:36:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-21T13:36:58Z", "ms": -1218622981736.2976 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-05-20T22:41:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-20T14:41:54Z", "ms": -1218705486388.8083 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-21T21:36:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-21T13:36:58Z", "ms": -1218622981736.2976 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-20T12:21:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-20T04:21:58Z", "ms": -1218742682238.2231 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-20T13:09:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-20T05:09:58Z", "ms": -1218739802238.2231 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-05-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-21T12:22:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-21T04:22:01Z", "ms": -1218656279464.1309 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-21T13:10:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-21T05:10:01Z", "ms": -1218653399464.1309 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:42 on Wed 20 May to 21:37 on Thu 21 May.", "fact": "1931-05-20T14:41:54Z → 1931-05-21T13:36:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:22–13:10 on the 20th, 12:22–13:10 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30418 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 21 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1931 falls on Thursday 21 May. Caturthī runs from 22:42 on Wed 20 May to 21:37 on Thu 21 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-05-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/aranya-gauri-vrata", "festival": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "name": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-05-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19393, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1931-05-22T20:13:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-22T12:13:09Z", "ms": -1218541611028.9338 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-23T18:33:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-23T10:33:21Z", "ms": -1218461199279.9722 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-05-22T20:13:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-22T12:13:09Z", "ms": -1218541611028.9338 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-23T18:33:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-23T10:33:21Z", "ms": -1218461199279.9722 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-05-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-22T12:22:04+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-22T04:22:04Z", "ms": -1218569876169.6973 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-22T13:10:04+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-22T05:10:04Z", "ms": -1218566996169.6973 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-23T12:22:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-23T04:22:08Z", "ms": -1218483472365.9602 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-23T13:10:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-23T05:10:08Z", "ms": -1218480592365.9602 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:13 on Fri 22 May to 18:33 on Sat 23 May.", "fact": "1931-05-22T12:13:09Z → 1931-05-23T10:33:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:22–13:10 on the 22nd, 12:22–13:10 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19393 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 23 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Araṇya Gaurī Vrata 1931 falls on Saturday 23 May. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:13 on Fri 22 May to 18:33 on Sat 23 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/aranya-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "festival": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-05-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19393, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1931-05-22T20:13:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-22T12:13:09Z", "ms": -1218541611028.9338 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-23T18:33:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-23T10:33:21Z", "ms": -1218461199279.9722 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-05-22T20:13:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-22T12:13:09Z", "ms": -1218541611028.9338 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-23T18:33:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-23T10:33:21Z", "ms": -1218461199279.9722 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-05-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-22T12:22:04+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-22T04:22:04Z", "ms": -1218569876169.6973 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-22T13:10:04+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-22T05:10:04Z", "ms": -1218566996169.6973 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-23T12:22:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-23T04:22:08Z", "ms": -1218483472365.9602 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-23T13:10:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-23T05:10:08Z", "ms": -1218480592365.9602 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:13 on Fri 22 May to 18:33 on Sat 23 May.", "fact": "1931-05-22T12:13:09Z → 1931-05-23T10:33:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:22–13:10 on the 22nd, 12:22–13:10 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 19393 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha), Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 23 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha) 1931 falls on Saturday 23 May. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:13 on Fri 22 May to 18:33 on Sat 23 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-05-28", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-05-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6823, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-05-27T09:57:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-27T01:57:41Z", "ms": -1218146539368.352 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-28T07:30:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-27T23:30:49Z", "ms": -1218068950591.8347 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-05-27T09:57:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-27T01:57:41Z", "ms": -1218146539368.352 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-28T07:30:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-27T23:30:49Z", "ms": -1218068950591.8347 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-05-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-27T05:37:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-26T21:37:36Z", "ms": -1218162143761.7593 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-27T05:37:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-26T21:37:36Z", "ms": -1218162143761.7593 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-05-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-28T05:37:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-27T21:37:07Z", "ms": -1218075773412.547 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-28T05:37:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-27T21:37:07Z", "ms": -1218075773412.547 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-05-29", "start": { "local": "1931-05-29T05:36:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-28T21:36:39Z", "ms": -1217989401431.778 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-29T08:28:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-29T00:28:39Z", "ms": -1217979080632.6565 }, "basis": "dvadashi-over", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-05-29T05:03:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-28T21:03:22Z", "ms": -1217991397828.7422 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-05-28T12:53:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-28T04:53:58Z", "ms": -1218049562401.0615 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 09:58 on Wed 27 May to 07:31 on Thu 28 May.", "fact": "1931-05-27T01:57:41Z → 1931-05-27T23:30:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:38 on the 27th and 05:37 on the 28th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 27th and is on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6823 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 28 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Nirjalā Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Thursday 28 May. Ekādaśī runs from 09:58 on Wed 27 May to 07:31 on Thu 28 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-05-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/shri-rama-dvadashi", "festival": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "name": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-05-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17505, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-05-28T07:30:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-27T23:30:49Z", "ms": -1218068950591.8347 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-29T05:03:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-28T21:03:22Z", "ms": -1217991397828.7422 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-05-28T07:30:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-27T23:30:49Z", "ms": -1218068950591.8347 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-29T05:03:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-28T21:03:22Z", "ms": -1217991397828.7422 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-05-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-28T12:22:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-28T04:22:34Z", "ms": -1218051446077.7969 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-28T13:10:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-28T05:10:34Z", "ms": -1218048566077.7969 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-05-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-29T12:22:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-29T04:22:41Z", "ms": -1217965039433.974 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-29T13:10:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-29T05:10:41Z", "ms": -1217962159433.974 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 07:31 on Thu 28 May to 05:03 on Fri 29 May.", "fact": "1931-05-27T23:30:49Z → 1931-05-28T21:03:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 28th, 12:23–13:11 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 17505 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 28 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Sri Rama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Campaka dvadasi (Orissa) (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī 1931 falls on Thursday 28 May. Dvādaśī runs from 07:31 on Thu 28 May to 05:03 on Fri 29 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/shri-rama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-05-29", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-05-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19583, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-05-29T05:03:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-28T21:03:22Z", "ms": -1217991397828.7422 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-30T02:40:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-29T18:40:21Z", "ms": -1217913578619.8062 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-05-29T05:03:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-28T21:03:22Z", "ms": -1217991397828.7422 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-30T02:40:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-29T18:40:21Z", "ms": -1217913578619.8062 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-05-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-28T19:56:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-28T11:56:01Z", "ms": -1218024238743.0464 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-28T21:13:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-28T13:13:26Z", "ms": -1218019593768.2107 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-05-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-29T19:56:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-29T11:56:43Z", "ms": -1217937797436.1702 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-29T21:13:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-29T13:13:59Z", "ms": -1217933161485.6653 } }, "covered_min": 77, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:03 on Fri 29 May to 02:40 on Sat 30 May.", "fact": "1931-05-28T21:03:22Z → 1931-05-29T18:40:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:56–21:13 on the 28th, 19:57–21:14 on the 29th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 77 minutes on the 28th and 77 of 77 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19583 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 29 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Friday 29 May. Trayodaśī runs from 05:03 on Fri 29 May to 02:40 on Sat 30 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-05-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vata-savitri-vrata", "festival": "vata-savitri-vrata", "name": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-05-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4672, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1931-05-31T00:27:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-30T16:27:53Z", "ms": -1217835126775.7417 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-31T22:32:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-31T14:32:54Z", "ms": -1217755625968.397 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-05-31T00:27:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-30T16:27:53Z", "ms": -1217835126775.7417 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-31T22:32:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-31T14:32:54Z", "ms": -1217755625968.397 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-05-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-30T19:57:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-30T11:57:23Z", "ms": -1217851356890.8496 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-30T21:14:30+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-30T13:14:30Z", "ms": -1217846729642.4553 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-05-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-05-31T19:58:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-31T11:58:03Z", "ms": -1217764917136.9668 }, "end": { "local": "1931-05-31T21:15:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-05-31T13:15:02Z", "ms": -1217760298263.0354 } }, "covered_min": 77, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 00:28 on Sun 31 May to 22:33 on Sun 31 May.", "fact": "1931-05-30T16:27:53Z → 1931-05-31T14:32:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:57–21:15 on the 30th, 19:58–21:15 on the 31st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 77 minutes on the 30th and 77 of 77 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 4672 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 31 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vata-savitri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Vata-savitri vrata (Deccan) (pradosavyapini, purvaviddha), Snanayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-05-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata 1931 falls on Sunday 31 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 00:28 on Sun 31 May to 22:33 on Sun 31 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vata-savitri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-06-03", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-06-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11856, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-06-03T19:44:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-03T11:44:24Z", "ms": -1217506536487.6846 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-04T20:06:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-04T12:06:05Z", "ms": -1217418835168.9536 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-06-03T19:44:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-03T11:44:24Z", "ms": -1217506536487.6846 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-04T20:06:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-04T12:06:05Z", "ms": -1217418835168.9536 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-06-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-06-03T23:01:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-03T15:01:59Z", "ms": -1217494680959.175 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-03T23:01:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-03T15:01:59Z", "ms": -1217494680959.175 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-06-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-06-04T23:43:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-04T15:43:44Z", "ms": -1217405775791.6145 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-04T23:43:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-04T15:43:44Z", "ms": -1217405775791.6145 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:44 on Wed 3 Jun to 20:06 on Thu 4 Jun.", "fact": "1931-06-03T11:44:24Z → 1931-06-04T12:06:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:02 on the 3rd and 23:44 on the 4th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 3rd and is not on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11856 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 3 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-06-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-06-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1931 falls on Wednesday 3 June. Caturthī runs from 19:44 on Wed 3 Jun to 20:06 on Thu 4 Jun and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-06-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-06-12", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Yoginī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-06-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10011, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-06-11T08:19:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-11T00:19:58Z", "ms": -1216856401990.21 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-12T10:08:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-12T02:08:40Z", "ms": -1216763479946.1252 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-06-11T08:19:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-11T00:19:58Z", "ms": -1216856401990.21 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-12T10:08:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-12T02:08:40Z", "ms": -1216763479946.1252 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-06-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-06-11T05:33:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-10T21:33:07Z", "ms": -1216866412978.484 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-11T05:33:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-10T21:33:07Z", "ms": -1216866412978.484 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-06-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-06-12T05:33:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-11T21:33:03Z", "ms": -1216780017374.331 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-12T05:33:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-11T21:33:03Z", "ms": -1216780017374.331 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-06-13", "start": { "local": "1931-06-13T05:33:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-12T21:33:00Z", "ms": -1216693620092.1843 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-13T08:27:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-13T00:27:26Z", "ms": -1216683153562.1294 }, "basis": "pratah", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-06-13T11:21:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-13T03:21:14Z", "ms": -1216672726007.9717 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-06-12T16:26:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-12T08:26:49Z", "ms": -1216740791461.587 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:20 on Thu 11 Jun to 10:09 on Fri 12 Jun.", "fact": "1931-06-11T00:19:58Z → 1931-06-12T02:08:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:33 on the 11th and 05:33 on the 12th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 11th and is on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 10011 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yoginī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 12 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Yoginī Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Friday 12 June. Ekādaśī runs from 08:20 on Thu 11 Jun to 10:09 on Fri 12 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-06-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-06-13", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-06-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29524, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-06-13T11:21:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-13T03:21:14Z", "ms": -1216672726007.9717 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-14T11:53:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-14T03:53:33Z", "ms": -1216584386813.7217 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-06-13T11:21:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-13T03:21:14Z", "ms": -1216672726007.9717 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-14T11:53:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-14T03:53:33Z", "ms": -1216584386813.7217 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-06-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-06-13T20:05:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-13T12:05:13Z", "ms": -1216641287441.9102 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-13T21:20:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-13T13:20:55Z", "ms": -1216636745268.9077 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-06-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-06-14T20:05:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-14T12:05:38Z", "ms": -1216554862327.4102 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-14T21:21:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-14T13:21:17Z", "ms": -1216550323423.18 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 11:21 on Sat 13 Jun to 11:54 on Sun 14 Jun.", "fact": "1931-06-13T03:21:14Z → 1931-06-14T03:53:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:05–21:21 on the 13th, 20:06–21:21 on the 14th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 76 of 76 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 76 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29524 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 13 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-06-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-06-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Saturday 13 June. Trayodaśī runs from 11:21 on Sat 13 Jun to 11:54 on Sun 14 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-06-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-06-14", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-06-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37952, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-06-14T11:53:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-14T03:53:33Z", "ms": -1216584386813.7217 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-15T11:45:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-15T03:45:51Z", "ms": -1216498449235.2537 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-06-14T11:53:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-14T03:53:33Z", "ms": -1216584386813.7217 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-15T11:45:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-15T03:45:51Z", "ms": -1216498449235.2537 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-06-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-06-14T00:25:06+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-13T16:25:06Z", "ms": -1216625694293.151 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-14T01:13:06+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-13T17:13:06Z", "ms": -1216622814293.151 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-06-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-06-15T00:25:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-14T16:25:19Z", "ms": -1216539281436.5464 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-15T01:13:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-14T17:13:19Z", "ms": -1216536401436.5464 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 11:54 on Sun 14 Jun to 11:46 on Mon 15 Jun.", "fact": "1931-06-14T03:53:33Z → 1931-06-15T03:45:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:25–01:13 on the 13th, 00:25–01:13 on the 14th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37952 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 14 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-06-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-06-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1931 falls on Sunday 14 June. Caturdaśī runs from 11:54 on Sun 14 Jun to 11:46 on Mon 15 Jun and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-06-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-06-19", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-06-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22484, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-06-19T06:11:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-18T22:11:36Z", "ms": -1216172903641.2314 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-20T04:04:46+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-19T20:04:46Z", "ms": -1216094114277.0232 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-06-19T06:11:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-18T22:11:36Z", "ms": -1216172903641.2314 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-20T04:04:46+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-19T20:04:46Z", "ms": -1216094114277.0232 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-06-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-06-19T12:26:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-19T04:26:20Z", "ms": -1216150419595.879 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-19T13:14:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-19T05:14:20Z", "ms": -1216147539595.879 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-06-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-06-20T12:26:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-20T04:26:33Z", "ms": -1216064006964.3577 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-20T13:14:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-20T05:14:33Z", "ms": -1216061126964.3577 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:12 on Fri 19 Jun to 04:05 on Sat 20 Jun.", "fact": "1931-06-18T22:11:36Z → 1931-06-19T20:04:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:26–13:14 on the 19th, 12:27–13:15 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22484 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 19 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-06-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-06-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1931 falls on Friday 19 June. Caturthī runs from 06:12 on Fri 19 Jun to 04:05 on Sat 20 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-06-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-06-26", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Śukla Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-06-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28627, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-06-25T15:20:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-25T07:20:20Z", "ms": -1215621579951.4915 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-26T13:31:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-26T05:31:56Z", "ms": -1215541684227.7688 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-06-25T15:20:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-25T07:20:20Z", "ms": -1215621579951.4915 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-26T13:31:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-26T05:31:56Z", "ms": -1215541684227.7688 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-06-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-06-25T05:34:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-24T21:34:32Z", "ms": -1215656728300.1362 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-25T05:34:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-24T21:34:32Z", "ms": -1215656728300.1362 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-06-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-06-26T05:34:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-25T21:34:49Z", "ms": -1215570310974.8594 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-26T05:34:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-25T21:34:49Z", "ms": -1215570310974.8594 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-06-27", "start": { "local": "1931-06-27T05:35:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-26T21:35:08Z", "ms": -1215483892278.364 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-27T08:29:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-27T00:29:53Z", "ms": -1215473407287.017 }, "basis": "pratah", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-06-27T11:54:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-27T03:54:15Z", "ms": -1215461145026.002 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-06-26T19:07:31+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-26T11:07:31Z", "ms": -1215521549427.3271 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:20 on Thu 25 Jun to 13:32 on Fri 26 Jun.", "fact": "1931-06-25T07:20:20Z → 1931-06-26T05:31:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:35 on the 25th and 05:35 on the 26th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 25th and is on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28627 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 26 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-06-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-06-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Friday 26 June. Ekādaśī runs from 15:20 on Thu 25 Jun to 13:32 on Fri 26 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-06-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-06-27", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-06-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29678, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-06-27T11:54:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-27T03:54:15Z", "ms": -1215461145026.002 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-28T10:30:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-28T02:30:58Z", "ms": -1215379741768.7625 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-06-27T11:54:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-27T03:54:15Z", "ms": -1215461145026.002 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-28T10:30:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-28T02:30:58Z", "ms": -1215379741768.7625 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-06-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-06-27T20:08:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-27T12:08:53Z", "ms": -1215431467321.629 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-27T21:24:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-27T13:24:25Z", "ms": -1215426934643.671 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-06-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-06-28T20:08:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-28T12:08:57Z", "ms": -1215345063347.465 }, "end": { "local": "1931-06-28T21:24:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-06-28T13:24:32Z", "ms": -1215340528351.414 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 11:54 on Sat 27 Jun to 10:31 on Sun 28 Jun.", "fact": "1931-06-27T03:54:15Z → 1931-06-28T02:30:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:09–21:24 on the 27th, 20:09–21:25 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 76 of 76 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 76 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29678 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 27 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-06-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-06-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Saturday 27 June. Trayodaśī runs from 11:54 on Sat 27 Jun to 10:31 on Sun 28 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-06-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-07-03", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-07-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 41863, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-07-03T09:59:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-03T01:59:54Z", "ms": -1214949606057.2727 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-04T11:34:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-04T03:34:57Z", "ms": -1214857503170.5193 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-07-03T09:59:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-03T01:59:54Z", "ms": -1214949606057.2727 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-04T11:34:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-04T03:34:57Z", "ms": -1214857503170.5193 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-07-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-03T22:46:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-03T14:46:18Z", "ms": -1214903621924.9836 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-03T22:46:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-03T14:46:18Z", "ms": -1214903621924.9836 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-07-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-04T23:12:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-04T15:12:40Z", "ms": -1214815640134.547 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-04T23:12:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-04T15:12:40Z", "ms": -1214815640134.547 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 10:00 on Fri 3 Jul to 11:35 on Sat 4 Jul.", "fact": "1931-07-03T01:59:54Z → 1931-07-04T03:34:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:46 on the 3rd and 23:13 on the 4th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 3rd and is not on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 41863 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 3 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1931 falls on Friday 3 July. Caturthī runs from 10:00 on Fri 3 Jul to 11:35 on Sat 4 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-07-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-07-11", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-07-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16908, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-07-11T00:22:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-10T16:22:18Z", "ms": -1214293062395.34 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-12T01:00:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-11T17:00:25Z", "ms": -1214204374588.5305 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-07-11T00:22:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-10T16:22:18Z", "ms": -1214293062395.34 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-12T01:00:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-11T17:00:25Z", "ms": -1214204374588.5305 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-07-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-11T05:41:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-10T21:41:38Z", "ms": -1214273902166.1423 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-11T05:41:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-10T21:41:38Z", "ms": -1214273902166.1423 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-07-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-12T05:42:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-11T21:42:14Z", "ms": -1214187466385.8965 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-12T05:42:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-11T21:42:14Z", "ms": -1214187466385.8965 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-07-12", "start": { "local": "1931-07-12T06:58:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-11T22:58:15Z", "ms": -1214182905092.036 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-12T08:35:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-12T00:35:10Z", "ms": -1214177090093.8386 }, "basis": "hari-vasara", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-07-13T00:51:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-12T16:51:43Z", "ms": -1214118496602.5518 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-07-12T06:58:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-11T22:58:15Z", "ms": -1214182905092.036 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:22 on Sat 11 Jul to 01:00 on Sun 12 Jul.", "fact": "1931-07-10T16:22:18Z → 1931-07-11T17:00:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:42 on the 11th and 05:42 on the 12th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 11th and is not on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16908 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 11 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Saturday 11 July. Ekādaśī runs from 00:22 on Sat 11 Jul to 01:00 on Sun 12 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-07-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-07-13", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-07-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9279, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-07-13T00:51:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-12T16:51:43Z", "ms": -1214118496602.5518 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-13T23:58:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-13T15:58:07Z", "ms": -1214035312564.3486 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-07-13T00:51:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-12T16:51:43Z", "ms": -1214118496602.5518 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-13T23:58:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-13T15:58:07Z", "ms": -1214035312564.3486 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-07-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-12T20:06:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-12T12:06:55Z", "ms": -1214135584925.607 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-12T21:23:42+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-12T13:23:42Z", "ms": -1214130977567.598 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-07-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-13T20:06:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-13T12:06:34Z", "ms": -1214049206413.6074 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-13T21:23:29+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-13T13:23:29Z", "ms": -1214044591194.5095 } }, "covered_min": 77, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 00:52 on Mon 13 Jul to 23:58 on Mon 13 Jul.", "fact": "1931-07-12T16:51:43Z → 1931-07-13T15:58:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:07–21:24 on the 12th, 20:07–21:23 on the 13th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 77 minutes on the 12th and 77 of 77 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9279 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 13 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Monday 13 July. Trayodaśī runs from 00:52 on Mon 13 Jul to 23:58 on Mon 13 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-07-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-07-13", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-07-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1973, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-07-13T23:58:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-13T15:58:07Z", "ms": -1214035312564.3486 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-14T22:24:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-14T14:24:59Z", "ms": -1213954500600.8828 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-07-13T23:58:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-13T15:58:07Z", "ms": -1214035312564.3486 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-14T22:24:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-14T14:24:59Z", "ms": -1213954500600.8828 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-07-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-14T00:31:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-13T16:31:01Z", "ms": -1214033339341.9897 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-14T01:19:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-13T17:19:01Z", "ms": -1214030459341.9897 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-15T00:31:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-14T16:31:08Z", "ms": -1213946931811.9263 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-15T01:19:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-14T17:19:08Z", "ms": -1213944051811.9263 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 23:58 on Mon 13 Jul to 22:25 on Tue 14 Jul.", "fact": "1931-07-13T15:58:07Z → 1931-07-14T14:24:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:31–01:19 on the 13th, 00:31–01:19 on the 14th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1973 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 13 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1931 falls on Monday 13 July. Caturdaśī runs from 23:58 on Mon 13 Jul to 22:25 on Tue 14 Jul and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-07-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/rathayatra", "festival": "rathayatra", "name": "Rathayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-07-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6576, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1931-07-16T17:51:30+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-16T09:51:30Z", "ms": -1213798109543.7556 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-17T15:08:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-17T07:08:44Z", "ms": -1213721476232.7483 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-07-16T17:51:30+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-16T09:51:30Z", "ms": -1213798109543.7556 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-17T15:08:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-17T07:08:44Z", "ms": -1213721476232.7483 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-07-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-16T12:31:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-16T04:31:02Z", "ms": -1213817338059.0718 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-16T13:19:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-16T05:19:02Z", "ms": -1213814458059.0718 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-07-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-17T12:31:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-17T04:31:08Z", "ms": -1213730932355.463 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-17T13:19:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-17T05:19:08Z", "ms": -1213728052355.463 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 17:52 on Thu 16 Jul to 15:09 on Fri 17 Jul.", "fact": "1931-07-16T09:51:30Z → 1931-07-17T07:08:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:31–13:19 on the 16th, 12:31–13:19 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6576 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rathayātrā, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 17 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rathayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Rathayatra (paraviddha, special when combined with naksatra 'Pusya')" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Puṣya nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rathayātrā 1931 falls on Friday 17 July. Dvitīyā runs from 17:52 on Thu 16 Jul to 15:09 on Fri 17 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/rathayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-07-18", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-07-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 673, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-07-18T12:20:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-18T04:20:00Z", "ms": -1213645200102.2896 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-19T09:32:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-19T01:32:48Z", "ms": -1213568831734.147 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-07-18T12:20:00+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-18T04:20:00Z", "ms": -1213645200102.2896 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-19T09:32:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-19T01:32:48Z", "ms": -1213568831734.147 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-18T12:31:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-18T04:31:13Z", "ms": -1213644527166.753 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-18T13:19:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-18T05:19:13Z", "ms": -1213641647166.753 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-19T12:31:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-19T04:31:17Z", "ms": -1213558122509.337 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-19T13:19:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-19T05:19:17Z", "ms": -1213555242509.337 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:20 on Sat 18 Jul to 09:33 on Sun 19 Jul.", "fact": "1931-07-18T04:20:00Z → 1931-07-19T01:32:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:31–13:19 on the 18th, 12:31–13:19 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 673 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 18 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1931 falls on Saturday 18 July. Caturthī runs from 12:20 on Sat 18 Jul to 09:33 on Sun 19 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-07-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/skanda-panchami", "festival": "skanda-panchami", "name": "Skanda Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-07-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10709, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1931-07-19T09:32:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-19T01:32:48Z", "ms": -1213568831734.147 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-20T06:53:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-19T22:53:21Z", "ms": -1213491999134.0464 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-07-19T09:32:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-19T01:32:48Z", "ms": -1213568831734.147 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-20T06:53:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-19T22:53:21Z", "ms": -1213491999134.0464 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-19T12:31:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-19T04:31:17Z", "ms": -1213558122509.337 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-19T13:19:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-19T05:19:17Z", "ms": -1213555242509.337 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-20T12:31:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-20T04:31:22Z", "ms": -1213471718397.7197 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-20T13:19:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-20T05:19:22Z", "ms": -1213468838397.7197 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 09:33 on Sun 19 Jul to 06:53 on Mon 20 Jul.", "fact": "1931-07-19T01:32:48Z → 1931-07-19T22:53:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:31–13:19 on the 19th, 12:31–13:19 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 10709 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 19 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Skanda pancami (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Skanda Pañcamī 1931 falls on Sunday 19 July. Pañcamī runs from 09:33 on Sun 19 Jul to 06:53 on Mon 20 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/skanda-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vivasvat-saptami", "festival": "vivasvat-saptami", "name": "Vivasvat Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-07-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29104, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1931-07-21T04:26:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-20T20:26:21Z", "ms": -1213414418718.4287 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-22T02:15:04+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-21T18:15:04Z", "ms": -1213335895532.6782 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-07-21T04:26:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-20T20:26:21Z", "ms": -1213414418718.4287 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-22T02:15:04+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-21T18:15:04Z", "ms": -1213335895532.6782 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-21T12:31:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-21T04:31:25Z", "ms": -1213385314844.2861 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-21T13:19:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-21T05:19:25Z", "ms": -1213382434844.2861 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-07-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-22T12:31:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-22T04:31:28Z", "ms": -1213298911859.2822 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-22T13:19:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-22T05:19:28Z", "ms": -1213296031859.2822 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 04:26 on Tue 21 Jul to 02:15 on Wed 22 Jul.", "fact": "1931-07-20T20:26:21Z → 1931-07-21T18:15:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:31–13:19 on the 21st, 12:31–13:19 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 29104 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vivasvat Saptamī, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 21 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vivasvat-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Vivasvat saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vivasvat Saptamī 1931 falls on Tuesday 21 July. Saptamī runs from 04:26 on Tue 21 Jul to 02:15 on Wed 22 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vivasvat-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-07-25", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-07-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29995, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-07-24T21:31:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-24T13:31:08Z", "ms": -1213093732018.6853 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-25T20:35:47+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-25T12:35:47Z", "ms": -1213010653460.306 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-07-24T21:31:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-24T13:31:08Z", "ms": -1213093732018.6853 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-25T20:35:47+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-25T12:35:47Z", "ms": -1213010653460.306 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-25T05:51:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-24T21:51:03Z", "ms": -1213063737330.8777 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-25T05:51:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-24T21:51:03Z", "ms": -1213063737330.8777 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-07-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-26T05:51:47+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-25T21:51:47Z", "ms": -1212977293052.8743 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-26T05:51:47+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-25T21:51:47Z", "ms": -1212977293052.8743 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-07-26", "start": { "local": "1931-07-26T05:51:47+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-25T21:51:47Z", "ms": -1212977293052.8743 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-26T08:41:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-26T00:41:18Z", "ms": -1212967122128.6775 }, "basis": "pratah", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-07-26T20:01:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-26T12:01:44Z", "ms": -1212926295842.3286 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-07-26T02:27:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-25T18:27:16Z", "ms": -1212989564055.8115 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:31 on Fri 24 Jul to 20:36 on Sat 25 Jul.", "fact": "1931-07-24T13:31:08Z → 1931-07-25T12:35:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:51 on the 25th and 05:52 on the 26th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 25th and is not on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29995 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 25 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Hariśayanī Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Saturday 25 July. Ekādaśī runs from 21:31 on Fri 24 Jul to 20:36 on Sat 25 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-07-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-07-26", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-07-26", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 143, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-07-26T20:01:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-26T12:01:44Z", "ms": -1212926295842.3286 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-27T19:50:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-27T11:50:49Z", "ms": -1212840550727.4958 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-07-26T20:01:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-26T12:01:44Z", "ms": -1212926295842.3286 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-27T19:50:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-27T11:50:49Z", "ms": -1212840550727.4958 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-07-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-26T19:59:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-26T11:59:22Z", "ms": -1212926438431.8901 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-26T21:18:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-26T13:18:27Z", "ms": -1212921693097.669 } }, "covered_min": 77, "window_min": 79, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-07-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-27T19:58:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-27T11:58:37Z", "ms": -1212840082954.4707 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-27T21:17:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-27T13:17:54Z", "ms": -1212835325690.3591 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 79, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:02 on Sun 26 Jul to 19:51 on Mon 27 Jul.", "fact": "1931-07-26T12:01:44Z → 1931-07-27T11:50:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:59–21:18 on the 26th, 19:59–21:18 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 77 of 79 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 79 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 143 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 26 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-26", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-26", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Sunday 26 July. Trayodaśī runs from 20:02 on Sun 26 Jul to 19:51 on Mon 27 Jul and covers 77 of 79 minutes of pradoṣa that evening. It is 2 min 23 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-07-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/shiva-shayanotsava", "festival": "shiva-shayanotsava", "name": "Śiva Śayanotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-07-28", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 447, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1931-07-28T20:05:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-28T12:05:18Z", "ms": -1212753282148.1218 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-29T20:47:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-29T12:47:26Z", "ms": -1212664354472.819 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-07-28T20:05:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-28T12:05:18Z", "ms": -1212753282148.1218 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-29T20:47:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-29T12:47:26Z", "ms": -1212664354472.819 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-07-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-28T19:57:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-28T11:57:51Z", "ms": -1212753728990.1694 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-28T21:17:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-28T13:17:20Z", "ms": -1212748959554.4558 } }, "covered_min": 72, "window_min": 79, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-07-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-29T19:57:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-29T11:57:03Z", "ms": -1212667376515.1335 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-29T21:16:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-29T13:16:45Z", "ms": -1212662594672.3496 } }, "covered_min": 50, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:05 on Tue 28 Jul to 20:47 on Wed 29 Jul.", "fact": "1931-07-28T12:05:18Z → 1931-07-29T12:47:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:58–21:17 on the 28th, 19:57–21:17 on the 29th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 72 of 79 minutes on the 28th and 50 of 80 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 447 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śiva Śayanotsava, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 28 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shiva-shayanotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-28", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-28", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śiva Śayanotsava 1931 falls on Tuesday 28 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:05 on Tue 28 Jul to 20:47 on Wed 29 Jul and covers 72 of 79 minutes of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 50 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/shiva-shayanotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vyasa-puja", "festival": "vyasa-puja", "name": "Vyāsa Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-07-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32842, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1931-07-28T20:05:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-28T12:05:18Z", "ms": -1212753282148.1218 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-29T20:47:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-29T12:47:26Z", "ms": -1212664354472.819 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-07-28T20:05:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-28T12:05:18Z", "ms": -1212753282148.1218 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-29T20:47:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-29T12:47:26Z", "ms": -1212664354472.819 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-07-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-29T05:54:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-28T21:54:02Z", "ms": -1212717958222.3171 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-29T08:42:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-29T00:42:38Z", "ms": -1212707841880.8804 } }, "covered_min": 169, "window_min": 169, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-07-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-30T05:54:47+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-29T21:54:47Z", "ms": -1212631512694.2546 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-30T08:43:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-30T00:43:05Z", "ms": -1212621415256.447 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 168, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:05 on Tue 28 Jul to 20:47 on Wed 29 Jul.", "fact": "1931-07-28T12:05:18Z → 1931-07-29T12:47:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:54–08:43 on the 29th, 05:55–08:43 on the 30th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 169 of 169 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 168 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 32842 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vyāsa Pūjā, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 29 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vyasa-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vyāsa Pūjā 1931 falls on Wednesday 29 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:05 on Tue 28 Jul to 20:47 on Wed 29 Jul and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vyasa-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/guru-purnima", "festival": "guru-purnima", "name": "Guru Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-07-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24344, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1931-07-28T20:05:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-28T12:05:18Z", "ms": -1212753282148.1218 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-29T20:47:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-29T12:47:26Z", "ms": -1212664354472.819 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-07-28T20:05:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-28T12:05:18Z", "ms": -1212753282148.1218 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-29T20:47:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-29T12:47:26Z", "ms": -1212664354472.819 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-07-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-28T12:31:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-28T04:31:34Z", "ms": -1212780506231.9019 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-28T13:19:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-28T05:19:34Z", "ms": -1212777626231.9019 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-07-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-29T12:31:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-29T04:31:33Z", "ms": -1212694107368.7253 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-29T13:19:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-29T05:19:33Z", "ms": -1212691227368.7253 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:05 on Tue 28 Jul to 20:47 on Wed 29 Jul.", "fact": "1931-07-28T12:05:18Z → 1931-07-29T12:47:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 28th, 12:32–13:20 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24344 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Guru Pūrṇimā, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 29 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "guru-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Guru Pūrṇimā 1931 falls on Wednesday 29 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:05 on Tue 28 Jul to 20:47 on Wed 29 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/guru-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/kokila-vrata", "festival": "kokila-vrata", "name": "Kokilā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-07-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 447, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1931-07-28T20:05:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-28T12:05:18Z", "ms": -1212753282148.1218 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-29T20:47:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-29T12:47:26Z", "ms": -1212664354472.819 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-07-28T20:05:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-28T12:05:18Z", "ms": -1212753282148.1218 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-29T20:47:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-29T12:47:26Z", "ms": -1212664354472.819 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-07-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-28T17:08:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-28T09:08:56Z", "ms": -1212763863886.8625 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-28T19:57:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-28T11:57:51Z", "ms": -1212753728990.1694 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 169, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-07-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-29T17:08:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-29T09:08:27Z", "ms": -1212677492856.5703 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-29T19:57:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-29T11:57:03Z", "ms": -1212667376515.1335 } }, "covered_min": 169, "window_min": 169, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:05 on Tue 28 Jul to 20:47 on Wed 29 Jul.", "fact": "1931-07-28T12:05:18Z → 1931-07-29T12:47:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 17:09–19:58 on the 28th, 17:08–19:57 on the 29th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 169 minutes on the 28th and 169 of 169 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 447 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kokilā Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 29 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kokila-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kokilā Vrata 1931 falls on Wednesday 29 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:05 on Tue 28 Jul to 20:47 on Wed 29 Jul and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/kokila-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-07-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4322, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1931-07-30T21:58:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-30T13:58:43Z", "ms": -1212573677446.1604 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-31T23:38:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-31T15:38:56Z", "ms": -1212481263546.7354 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-07-30T21:58:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-30T13:58:43Z", "ms": -1212573677446.1604 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-31T23:38:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-31T15:38:56Z", "ms": -1212481263546.7354 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-07-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-30T20:46:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-30T12:46:41Z", "ms": -1212577999065.307 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-30T20:46:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-30T12:46:41Z", "ms": -1212577999065.307 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-07-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-07-31T21:14:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-31T13:14:25Z", "ms": -1212489934592.1052 }, "end": { "local": "1931-07-31T21:14:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-07-31T13:14:25Z", "ms": -1212489934592.1052 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 21:59 on Thu 30 Jul to 23:39 on Fri 31 Jul.", "fact": "1931-07-30T13:58:43Z → 1931-07-31T15:38:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:47 on the 30th and 21:14 on the 31st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 30th and is on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4322 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha), Qingyang, 1931: Friday 31 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunya sayana vrata (candrodaya vyapini; purvahna vyapini and purvaviddha in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row reads pūrvāhṇa and pūrvaviddha; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-07-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha) 1931 falls on Friday 31 July. Dvitīyā runs from 21:59 on Thu 30 Jul to 23:39 on Fri 31 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-08-02", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-08-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14783, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-08-02T01:45:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-01T17:45:12Z", "ms": -1212387288018.7253 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-03T04:11:04+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-02T20:11:04Z", "ms": -1212292135524.3916 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-08-02T01:45:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-01T17:45:12Z", "ms": -1212387288018.7253 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-03T04:11:04+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-02T20:11:04Z", "ms": -1212292135524.3916 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-08-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-01T21:38:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-01T13:38:49Z", "ms": -1212402070996.0754 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-01T21:38:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-01T13:38:49Z", "ms": -1212402070996.0754 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-08-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-02T22:01:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-02T14:01:17Z", "ms": -1212314323201.2068 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-02T22:01:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-02T14:01:17Z", "ms": -1212314323201.2068 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:45 on Sun 2 Aug to 04:11 on Mon 3 Aug.", "fact": "1931-08-01T17:45:12Z → 1931-08-02T20:11:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:39 on the 1st and 22:01 on the 2nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 1st and is on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14783 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 2 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1931 falls on Sunday 2 August. Caturthī runs from 01:45 on Sun 2 Aug to 04:11 on Mon 3 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-08-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-08-10", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-08-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27744, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-08-09T14:24:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-09T06:24:44Z", "ms": -1211736916248.3674 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-10T13:45:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-10T05:45:44Z", "ms": -1211652855818.5886 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-08-09T14:24:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-09T06:24:44Z", "ms": -1211736916248.3674 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-10T13:45:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-10T05:45:44Z", "ms": -1211652855818.5886 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-08-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-09T06:02:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-08T22:02:33Z", "ms": -1211767046701.0073 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-09T06:02:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-08T22:02:33Z", "ms": -1211767046701.0073 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-10T06:03:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-09T22:03:21Z", "ms": -1211680599447.481 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-10T06:03:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-09T22:03:21Z", "ms": -1211680599447.481 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-08-11", "start": { "local": "1931-08-11T06:04:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-10T22:04:08Z", "ms": -1211594152147.5847 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-11T08:48:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-11T00:48:15Z", "ms": -1211584305431.6482 }, "basis": "pratah", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-08-11T12:19:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-11T04:19:26Z", "ms": -1211571633576.1226 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-08-10T19:24:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-10T11:24:10Z", "ms": -1211632550257.9722 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:25 on Sun 9 Aug to 13:46 on Mon 10 Aug.", "fact": "1931-08-09T06:24:44Z → 1931-08-10T05:45:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:03 on the 9th and 06:03 on the 10th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 9th and is on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27744 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 10 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kāmikā Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Monday 10 August. Ekādaśī runs from 14:25 on Sun 9 Aug to 13:46 on Mon 10 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-08-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-08-11", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-08-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26715, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-08-11T12:19:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-11T04:19:26Z", "ms": -1211571633576.1226 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-12T10:11:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-12T02:11:53Z", "ms": -1211492887461.624 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-08-11T12:19:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-11T04:19:26Z", "ms": -1211571633576.1226 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-12T10:11:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-12T02:11:53Z", "ms": -1211492887461.624 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-11T19:44:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-11T11:44:41Z", "ms": -1211544918567.9019 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-11T21:07:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-11T13:07:23Z", "ms": -1211539956734.8035 } }, "covered_min": 83, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-12T19:43:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-12T11:43:36Z", "ms": -1211458584314.5122 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-12T21:06:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-12T13:06:33Z", "ms": -1211453607403.5464 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 12:19 on Tue 11 Aug to 10:12 on Wed 12 Aug.", "fact": "1931-08-11T04:19:26Z → 1931-08-12T02:11:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:45–21:07 on the 11th, 19:44–21:07 on the 12th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 83 of 83 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 83 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26715 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 11 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Tuesday 11 August. Trayodaśī runs from 12:19 on Tue 11 Aug to 10:12 on Wed 12 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-08-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-08-12", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-08-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22355, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-08-12T10:11:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-12T02:11:53Z", "ms": -1211492887461.624 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-13T07:31:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-12T23:31:14Z", "ms": -1211416125927.1355 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-08-12T10:11:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-12T02:11:53Z", "ms": -1211492887461.624 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-13T07:31:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-12T23:31:14Z", "ms": -1211416125927.1355 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-12T00:30:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-11T16:30:48Z", "ms": -1211527751693.783 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-12T01:18:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-11T17:18:48Z", "ms": -1211524871693.783 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-13T00:30:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-12T16:30:39Z", "ms": -1211441360898.3901 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-13T01:18:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-12T17:18:39Z", "ms": -1211438480898.3901 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 10:12 on Wed 12 Aug to 07:31 on Thu 13 Aug.", "fact": "1931-08-12T02:11:53Z → 1931-08-12T23:31:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:31–01:19 on the 11th, 00:31–01:19 on the 12th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22355 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 12 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1931 falls on Wednesday 12 August. Caturdaśī runs from 10:12 on Wed 12 Aug to 07:31 on Thu 13 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-08-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/madhusrava-tritiya", "festival": "madhusrava-tritiya", "name": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Hariyali Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-08-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18618, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1931-08-15T21:45:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-15T13:45:55Z", "ms": -1211192044577.3616 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-16T18:27:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-16T10:27:51Z", "ms": -1211117529247.0703 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-08-15T21:45:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-15T13:45:55Z", "ms": -1211192044577.3616 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-16T18:27:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-16T10:27:51Z", "ms": -1211117529247.0703 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-08-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-15T12:29:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-15T04:29:45Z", "ms": -1211225415491.2314 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-15T13:17:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-15T05:17:45Z", "ms": -1211222535491.2314 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-16T12:29:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-16T04:29:33Z", "ms": -1211139026887.8625 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-16T13:17:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-16T05:17:33Z", "ms": -1211136146887.8625 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 21:46 on Sat 15 Aug to 18:28 on Sun 16 Aug.", "fact": "1931-08-15T13:45:55Z → 1931-08-16T10:27:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:30–13:18 on the 15th, 12:30–13:18 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18618 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 16 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "madhusrava-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Madhusrava (Gujerat) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Madhusravā Tṛtīyā (Hariyali Teej) 1931 falls on Sunday 16 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 21:46 on Sat 15 Aug to 18:28 on Sun 16 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/madhusrava-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-08-17", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-08-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7499, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-08-16T18:27:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-16T10:27:51Z", "ms": -1211117529247.0703 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-17T15:22:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-17T07:22:21Z", "ms": -1211042259429.9768 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-08-16T18:27:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-16T10:27:51Z", "ms": -1211117529247.0703 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-17T15:22:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-17T07:22:21Z", "ms": -1211042259429.9768 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-16T12:29:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-16T04:29:33Z", "ms": -1211139026887.8625 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-16T13:17:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-16T05:17:33Z", "ms": -1211136146887.8625 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-17T12:29:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-17T04:29:21Z", "ms": -1211052638821.5576 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-17T13:17:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-17T05:17:21Z", "ms": -1211049758821.5576 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 18:28 on Sun 16 Aug to 15:22 on Mon 17 Aug.", "fact": "1931-08-16T10:27:51Z → 1931-08-17T07:22:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:30–13:18 on the 16th, 12:29–13:17 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7499 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 17 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1931 falls on Monday 17 August. Caturthī runs from 18:28 on Sun 16 Aug to 15:22 on Mon 17 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-08-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/naga-panchami", "festival": "naga-panchami", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-08-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 421, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1931-08-17T15:22:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-17T07:22:21Z", "ms": -1211042259429.9768 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-18T12:36:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-18T04:36:10Z", "ms": -1210965830217.2446 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-08-17T15:22:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-17T07:22:21Z", "ms": -1211042259429.9768 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-18T12:36:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-18T04:36:10Z", "ms": -1210965830217.2446 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-17T12:29:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-17T04:29:21Z", "ms": -1211052638821.5576 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-17T13:17:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-17T05:17:21Z", "ms": -1211049758821.5576 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-18T12:29:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-18T04:29:09Z", "ms": -1210966251285.7427 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-18T13:17:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-18T05:17:09Z", "ms": -1210963371285.7427 } }, "covered_min": 7, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 15:22 on Mon 17 Aug to 12:36 on Tue 18 Aug.", "fact": "1931-08-17T07:22:21Z → 1931-08-18T04:36:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 17th, 12:29–13:17 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 7 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 421 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 18 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Nāga Pañcamī 1931 falls on Tuesday 18 August. Pañcamī runs from 15:22 on Mon 17 Aug to 12:36 on Tue 18 Aug and covers 7 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/naga-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-08-23", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-08-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1009, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-08-23T05:47:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-22T21:47:27Z", "ms": -1210558352551.718 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-24T05:57:31+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-23T21:57:31Z", "ms": -1210471348992.6558 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-08-23T05:47:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-22T21:47:27Z", "ms": -1210558352551.718 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-24T05:57:31+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-23T21:57:31Z", "ms": -1210471348992.6558 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-23T06:13:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-22T22:13:33Z", "ms": -1210556787011.1445 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-23T06:13:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-22T22:13:33Z", "ms": -1210556787011.1445 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-24T06:14:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-23T22:14:20Z", "ms": -1210470340469.0579 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-24T06:14:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-23T22:14:20Z", "ms": -1210470340469.0579 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-08-24", "start": { "local": "1931-08-24T14:11:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-24T06:11:12Z", "ms": -1210441727869.781 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-24T16:50:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-24T08:50:10Z", "ms": -1210432190336.6887 }, "basis": "aparahna", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-08-25T06:36:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-24T22:36:25Z", "ms": -1210382615482.2903 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-08-24T12:07:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-24T04:07:14Z", "ms": -1210449165615.0645 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:47 on Sun 23 Aug to 05:58 on Mon 24 Aug.", "fact": "1931-08-22T21:47:27Z → 1931-08-23T21:57:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:14 on the 23rd and 06:14 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 23rd and is not on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1009 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 23 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Putradā Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Sunday 23 August. Ekādaśī runs from 05:47 on Sun 23 Aug to 05:58 on Mon 24 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-08-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/damodara-dvadashi", "festival": "damodara-dvadashi", "name": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-08-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21063, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-08-24T05:57:31+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-23T21:57:31Z", "ms": -1210471348992.6558 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-25T06:36:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-24T22:36:25Z", "ms": -1210382615482.2903 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-08-24T05:57:31+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-23T21:57:31Z", "ms": -1210471348992.6558 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-25T06:36:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-24T22:36:25Z", "ms": -1210382615482.2903 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-24T12:27:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-24T04:27:43Z", "ms": -1210447936636.3271 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-24T13:15:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-24T05:15:43Z", "ms": -1210445056636.3271 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-25T12:27:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-25T04:27:28Z", "ms": -1210361552498.4753 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-25T13:15:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-25T05:15:28Z", "ms": -1210358672498.4753 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 05:58 on Mon 24 Aug to 06:36 on Tue 25 Aug.", "fact": "1931-08-23T21:57:31Z → 1931-08-24T22:36:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 24th, 12:27–13:15 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 21063 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 24 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "damodara-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Buddha dvadasi, Damodara dvadasi (purvaviddha), Visnu-pavitraropana." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Dāmodara Dvādaśī 1931 falls on Monday 24 August. Dvādaśī runs from 05:58 on Mon 24 Aug to 06:36 on Tue 25 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/damodara-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-08-25", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-08-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34869, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-08-25T06:36:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-24T22:36:25Z", "ms": -1210382615482.2903 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-26T07:42:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-25T23:42:37Z", "ms": -1210292243264.3362 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-08-25T06:36:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-24T22:36:25Z", "ms": -1210382615482.2903 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-26T07:42:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-25T23:42:37Z", "ms": -1210292243264.3362 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-24T19:29:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-24T11:29:07Z", "ms": -1210422652803.5964 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-24T20:55:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-24T12:55:15Z", "ms": -1210417484967.3494 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-25T19:27:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-25T11:27:49Z", "ms": -1210336330965.2073 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-25T20:54:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-25T12:54:13Z", "ms": -1210331146529.407 } }, "covered_min": 86, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 06:36 on Tue 25 Aug to 07:43 on Wed 26 Aug.", "fact": "1931-08-24T22:36:25Z → 1931-08-25T23:42:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:29–20:55 on the 24th, 19:28–20:54 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 86 minutes on the 24th and 86 of 86 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34869 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 25 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Tuesday 25 August. Trayodaśī runs from 06:36 on Tue 25 Aug to 07:43 on Wed 26 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-08-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/raksha-bandhana", "festival": "raksha-bandhana", "name": "Rakṣā Bandhana", "everyday": "Rakhi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-08-27", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 17518, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1931-08-27T09:14:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-27T01:14:22Z", "ms": -1210200337735.3748 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-28T11:09:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-28T03:09:23Z", "ms": -1210107036837.938 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "second-half", "start": { "local": "1931-08-27T22:09:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-27T14:09:09Z", "ms": -1210153851029.4688 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-28T11:09:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-28T03:09:23Z", "ms": -1210107036837.938 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-27T06:16:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-26T22:16:39Z", "ms": -1210211001460.1584 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-28T06:17:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-27T22:17:25Z", "ms": -1210124555317.2217 } }, "covered_min": 488, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-28T06:17:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-27T22:17:25Z", "ms": -1210124555317.2217 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-29T06:18:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-28T22:18:11Z", "ms": -1210038109262.1191 } }, "covered_min": 292, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 09:14 on Thu 27 Aug to 11:09 on Fri 28 Aug. Its second half begins at 22:09 on Thu 27 Aug.", "fact": "1931-08-27T01:14:22Z → 1931-08-28T03:09:23Z · second half from 1931-08-27T14:09:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:17 on the 27th, and from 06:17 on the 28th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The second half of Pūrṇimā must be present during the day. It covers 488 of 1441 minutes on the 27th and 292 of 1441 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both days qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 17518 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rakṣā Bandhana, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 27 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "raksha-bandhana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "day", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated", "half": "second" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-27", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-27", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rakṣā Bandhana (Rakhi) 1931 falls on Thursday 27 August. The second half of Pūrṇimā runs from 22:09 on Thu 27 Aug to 11:09 on Fri 28 Aug and falls on two days: 488 minutes of it on the 27th, 292 on the 28th; the rule does not say which to take, and the day that holds more of it is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/raksha-bandhana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/rishi-tarpana", "festival": "rishi-tarpana", "name": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-08-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4634, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1931-08-27T09:14:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-27T01:14:22Z", "ms": -1210200337735.3748 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-28T11:09:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-28T03:09:23Z", "ms": -1210107036837.938 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-08-27T09:14:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-27T01:14:22Z", "ms": -1210200337735.3748 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-28T11:09:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-28T03:09:23Z", "ms": -1210107036837.938 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-27T12:26:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-27T04:26:55Z", "ms": -1210188785484.6162 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-27T13:14:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-27T05:14:55Z", "ms": -1210185905484.6162 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-28T12:26:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-28T04:26:37Z", "ms": -1210102402573.856 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-28T13:14:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-28T05:14:37Z", "ms": -1210099522573.856 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 09:14 on Thu 27 Aug to 11:09 on Fri 28 Aug.", "fact": "1931-08-27T01:14:22Z → 1931-08-28T03:09:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:27–13:15 on the 27th, 12:27–13:15 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4634 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 27 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa 1931 falls on Thursday 27 August. Pūrṇimā runs from 09:14 on Thu 27 Aug to 11:09 on Fri 28 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/rishi-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-08-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16388, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1931-08-29T13:24:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-29T05:24:18Z", "ms": -1210012541879.5554 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-30T15:54:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-30T07:54:07Z", "ms": -1209917152973.5989 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-08-29T13:24:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-29T05:24:18Z", "ms": -1210012541879.5554 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-30T15:54:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-30T07:54:07Z", "ms": -1209917152973.5989 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-29T20:05:29+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-29T12:05:29Z", "ms": -1209988471413.6882 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-29T20:05:29+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-29T12:05:29Z", "ms": -1209988471413.6882 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-30T20:27:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-30T12:27:15Z", "ms": -1209900765311.9563 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-30T20:27:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-30T12:27:15Z", "ms": -1209900765311.9563 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 13:24 on Sat 29 Aug to 15:54 on Sun 30 Aug.", "fact": "1931-08-29T05:24:18Z → 1931-08-30T07:54:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:05 on the 29th and 20:27 on the 30th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 29th and is not on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16388 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 29 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunyasayana vrata (Dvitiya current at moonrise; if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata 1931 falls on Saturday 29 August. Dvitīyā runs from 13:24 on Sat 29 Aug to 15:54 on Sun 30 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/kajjali-tritiya", "festival": "kajjali-tritiya", "name": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Kajari Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-08-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9605, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 17, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1931-08-30T15:54:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-30T07:54:07Z", "ms": -1209917152973.5989 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-31T18:31:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-31T10:31:43Z", "ms": -1209821296884.359 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-08-30T15:54:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-30T07:54:07Z", "ms": -1209917152973.5989 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-31T18:31:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-31T10:31:43Z", "ms": -1209821296884.359 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-30T12:26:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-30T04:26:02Z", "ms": -1209929637854.7754 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-30T13:14:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-30T05:14:02Z", "ms": -1209926757854.7754 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-31T12:25:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-31T04:25:44Z", "ms": -1209843256009.7004 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-31T13:13:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-31T05:13:44Z", "ms": -1209840376009.7004 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 15:54 on Sun 30 Aug to 18:32 on Mon 31 Aug.", "fact": "1931-08-30T07:54:07Z → 1931-08-31T10:31:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:26–13:14 on the 30th, 12:26–13:14 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9605 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 31 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kajjali-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 3 Kajjali trtiya, (paraviddha), Angaveta trtiya (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kajjalī Tṛtīyā (Kajari Teej) 1931 falls on Monday 31 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 15:54 on Sun 30 Aug to 18:32 on Mon 31 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/kajjali-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/bahula-chaturthi", "festival": "bahula-chaturthi", "name": "Bahulā Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-08-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2882, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-08-31T18:31:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-31T10:31:43Z", "ms": -1209821296884.359 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-01T21:07:47+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-01T13:07:47Z", "ms": -1209725532616.9617 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-08-31T18:31:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-31T10:31:43Z", "ms": -1209821296884.359 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-01T21:07:47+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-01T13:07:47Z", "ms": -1209725532616.9617 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-31T16:43:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-31T08:43:45Z", "ms": -1209827775182.11 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-31T19:19:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-31T11:19:45Z", "ms": -1209818414630.3833 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 156, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-01T16:42:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-01T08:42:48Z", "ms": -1209741432238.569 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-01T19:18:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-01T11:18:23Z", "ms": -1209732097409.0518 } }, "covered_min": 156, "window_min": 156, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 18:32 on Mon 31 Aug to 21:08 on Tue 1 Sep.", "fact": "1931-08-31T10:31:43Z → 1931-09-01T13:07:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:44–19:20 on the 31st, 16:43–19:18 on the 1st.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 48 of 156 minutes on the 31st and 156 of 156 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both late afternoons qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 2882 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bahulā Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 31 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bahula-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Bahula caturthi (Madhyadesa) (Sayahnavyapini: if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the 1st day)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Bahulā Caturthī 1931 falls on Monday 31 August. Caturthī runs from 18:32 on Mon 31 Aug to 21:08 on Tue 1 Sep and covers 48 of 156 minutes of sāyāhna that late afternoon. It also reaches the next late afternoon for 156 minutes; by the rule the first late afternoon is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/bahula-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-08-31", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-08-31", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 257, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-08-31T18:31:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-31T10:31:43Z", "ms": -1209821296884.359 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-01T21:07:47+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-01T13:07:47Z", "ms": -1209725532616.9617 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-08-31T18:31:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-31T10:31:43Z", "ms": -1209821296884.359 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-01T21:07:47+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-01T13:07:47Z", "ms": -1209725532616.9617 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-08-31T20:49:04+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-31T12:49:04Z", "ms": -1209813056000.1511 }, "end": { "local": "1931-08-31T20:49:04+08:00", "utc": "1931-08-31T12:49:04Z", "ms": -1209813056000.1511 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-01T21:12:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-01T13:12:05Z", "ms": -1209725275264.1228 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-01T21:12:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-01T13:12:05Z", "ms": -1209725275264.1228 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 18:32 on Mon 31 Aug to 21:08 on Tue 1 Sep.", "fact": "1931-08-31T10:31:43Z → 1931-09-01T13:07:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:49 on the 31st and 21:12 on the 1st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 31st and is not on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 257 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 31 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-31", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1931 falls on Monday 31 August. Caturthī runs from 18:32 on Mon 31 Aug to 21:08 on Tue 1 Sep and is current at moonrise that day. It is 4 min 17 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-08-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/hala-shashthi", "festival": "hala-shashthi", "name": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37091, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1931-09-02T23:31:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-02T15:31:17Z", "ms": -1209630522501.1133 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-04T01:30:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-03T17:30:34Z", "ms": -1209536966134.3892 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-02T23:31:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-02T15:31:17Z", "ms": -1209630522501.1133 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-04T01:30:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-03T17:30:34Z", "ms": -1209536966134.3892 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-02T12:25:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-02T04:25:07Z", "ms": -1209670493255.5454 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-02T13:13:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-02T05:13:07Z", "ms": -1209667613255.5454 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-03T12:24:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-03T04:24:48Z", "ms": -1209584112309.12 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-03T13:12:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-03T05:12:48Z", "ms": -1209581232309.12 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 23:31 on Wed 2 Sep to 01:31 on Fri 4 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-02T15:31:17Z → 1931-09-03T17:30:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:25–13:13 on the 2nd, 12:25–13:13 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 37091 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 3 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "hala-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Hala sasthi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Hala Ṣaṣṭhī 1931 falls on Thursday 3 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 23:31 on Wed 2 Sep to 01:31 on Fri 4 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/hala-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/shitala-saptami", "festival": "shitala-saptami", "name": "Śītalā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34158, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 21, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1931-09-04T01:30:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-03T17:30:34Z", "ms": -1209536966134.3892 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-05T02:54:50+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-04T18:54:50Z", "ms": -1209445509528.5781 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-04T01:30:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-03T17:30:34Z", "ms": -1209536966134.3892 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-05T02:54:50+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-04T18:54:50Z", "ms": -1209445509528.5781 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-04T12:24:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-04T04:24:28Z", "ms": -1209497731624.9321 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-04T13:12:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-04T05:12:28Z", "ms": -1209494851624.9321 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-05T12:24:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-05T04:24:09Z", "ms": -1209411351184.459 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-05T13:12:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-05T05:12:09Z", "ms": -1209408471184.459 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 01:31 on Fri 4 Sep to 02:55 on Sat 5 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-03T17:30:34Z → 1931-09-04T18:54:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:24–13:12 on the 4th, 12:24–13:12 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 34158 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalā Saptamī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 4 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitala-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 7 Sitala saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śītalā Saptamī 1931 falls on Friday 4 September. Saptamī runs from 01:31 on Fri 4 Sep to 02:55 on Sat 5 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/shitala-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/janmashtami", "festival": "janmashtami", "name": "Janmāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6119, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1931-09-05T02:54:50+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-04T18:54:50Z", "ms": -1209445509528.5781 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-06T03:35:46+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-05T19:35:46Z", "ms": -1209356654394.2195 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-05T02:54:50+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-04T18:54:50Z", "ms": -1209445509528.5781 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-06T03:35:46+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-05T19:35:46Z", "ms": -1209356654394.2195 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-05T00:24:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-04T16:24:51Z", "ms": -1209454508803.8965 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-05T01:12:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-04T17:12:51Z", "ms": -1209451628803.8965 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-06T00:24:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-05T16:24:32Z", "ms": -1209368128377.5068 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-06T01:12:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-05T17:12:32Z", "ms": -1209365248377.5068 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 02:55 on Sat 5 Sep to 03:36 on Sun 6 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-04T18:54:50Z → 1931-09-05T19:35:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:25–01:13 on the 4th, 00:25–01:13 on the 5th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6119 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Janmāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 5 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "janmashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Janmastami (madhyaratra-vyapini), if midnight is covered on two days, or not on any day, it is to be observed on the 2nd day; special when combined with naksatra 'Rohini' at midnight, more so when on Monday or Wednesday. If the combination occurs before midnight and 'Rohini' extends up to midnight, it is to be observed on that day. Gokulastami." } ], "not_evaluated": "The clauses on Rohiṇī nakṣatra, the Vaiṣṇava observance on the day after saptamī, and the Assam and South India reckoning in the solar month belong to other readings and are not applied.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Janmāṣṭamī 1931 falls on Saturday 5 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 02:55 on Sat 5 Sep to 03:36 on Sun 6 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/janmashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-09-08", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ajā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14037, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-09-08T02:31:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-07T18:31:51Z", "ms": -1209187688867.3643 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-09T00:48:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-08T16:48:36Z", "ms": -1209107484227.3022 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-08T02:31:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-07T18:31:51Z", "ms": -1209187688867.3643 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-09T00:48:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-08T16:48:36Z", "ms": -1209107484227.3022 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-08T06:25:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-07T22:25:48Z", "ms": -1209173651956.2935 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-08T06:25:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-07T22:25:48Z", "ms": -1209173651956.2935 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-09T06:26:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-08T22:26:34Z", "ms": -1209087206385.6228 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-09T06:26:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-08T22:26:34Z", "ms": -1209087206385.6228 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-09-09", "start": { "local": "1931-09-09T06:26:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-08T22:26:34Z", "ms": -1209087206385.6228 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-09T08:58:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-09T00:58:40Z", "ms": -1209078080431.037 }, "basis": "pratah", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-09-09T22:24:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-09T14:24:11Z", "ms": -1209029748703.0032 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-09-09T06:12:30+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-08T22:12:30Z", "ms": -1209088050346.2275 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 02:32 on Tue 8 Sep to 00:49 on Wed 9 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-07T18:31:51Z → 1931-09-08T16:48:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:26 on the 8th and 06:27 on the 9th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 8th and is not on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14037 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ajā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 8 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ajā Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Tuesday 8 September. Ekādaśī runs from 02:32 on Tue 8 Sep to 00:49 on Wed 9 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-09-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/aghora-chaturdashi", "festival": "aghora-chaturdashi", "name": "Aghora Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1238, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-09-10T19:26:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-10T11:26:15Z", "ms": -1208954024746.0845 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-11T16:03:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-11T08:03:45Z", "ms": -1208879774899.0332 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-10T19:26:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-10T11:26:15Z", "ms": -1208954024746.0845 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-11T16:03:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-11T08:03:45Z", "ms": -1208879774899.0332 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-10T19:05:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-10T11:05:37Z", "ms": -1208955263204.776 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-10T20:36:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-10T12:36:37Z", "ms": -1208949803477.4006 } }, "covered_min": 70, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-11T19:04:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-11T11:04:10Z", "ms": -1208868950081.6284 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-11T20:35:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-11T12:35:27Z", "ms": -1208863472694.2158 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:26 on Thu 10 Sep to 16:04 on Fri 11 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-10T11:26:15Z → 1931-09-11T08:03:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:06–20:37 on the 10th, 19:04–20:35 on the 11th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 70 of 91 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 91 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1238 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aghora Caturdaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 10 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aghora-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Aghora caturdasi (pradosa vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Aghora Caturdaśī 1931 falls on Thursday 10 September. Caturdaśī runs from 19:26 on Thu 10 Sep to 16:04 on Fri 11 Sep and covers 70 of 91 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/aghora-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-09-10", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1238, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-09-09T22:24:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-09T14:24:11Z", "ms": -1209029748703.0032 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-10T19:26:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-10T11:26:15Z", "ms": -1208954024746.0845 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-09T22:24:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-09T14:24:11Z", "ms": -1209029748703.0032 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-10T19:26:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-10T11:26:15Z", "ms": -1208954024746.0845 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-09T19:07:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-09T11:07:03Z", "ms": -1209041576612.6948 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-09T20:37:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-09T12:37:45Z", "ms": -1209036134506.7483 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-10T19:05:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-10T11:05:37Z", "ms": -1208955263204.776 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-10T20:36:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-10T12:36:37Z", "ms": -1208949803477.4006 } }, "covered_min": 21, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:24 on Wed 9 Sep to 19:26 on Thu 10 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-09T14:24:11Z → 1931-09-10T11:26:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:07–20:38 on the 9th, 19:06–20:37 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 91 minutes on the 9th and 21 of 91 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1238 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 10 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Thursday 10 September. Trayodaśī runs from 22:24 on Wed 9 Sep to 19:26 on Thu 10 Sep and covers 21 of 91 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-09-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-09-10", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17796, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-09-10T19:26:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-10T11:26:15Z", "ms": -1208954024746.0845 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-11T16:03:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-11T08:03:45Z", "ms": -1208879774899.0332 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-10T19:26:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-10T11:26:15Z", "ms": -1208954024746.0845 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-11T16:03:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-11T08:03:45Z", "ms": -1208879774899.0332 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-11T00:22:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-10T16:22:51Z", "ms": -1208936229227.1191 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-11T01:10:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-10T17:10:51Z", "ms": -1208933349227.1191 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-12T00:22:30+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-11T16:22:30Z", "ms": -1208849849878.8308 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-12T01:10:30+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-11T17:10:30Z", "ms": -1208846969878.8308 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:26 on Thu 10 Sep to 16:04 on Fri 11 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-10T11:26:15Z → 1931-09-11T08:03:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:23–01:11 on the 10th, 00:23–01:11 on the 11th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17796 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 10 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1931 falls on Thursday 10 September. Caturdaśī runs from 19:26 on Thu 10 Sep to 16:04 on Fri 11 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-09-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/rudra-vrata", "festival": "rudra-vrata", "name": "Rudra Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-12", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 274, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1931-09-12T12:26:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-12T04:26:20Z", "ms": -1208806419643.0037 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-13T08:43:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-13T00:43:54Z", "ms": -1208733366108.453 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-12T12:26:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-12T04:26:20Z", "ms": -1208806419643.0037 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-13T08:43:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-13T00:43:54Z", "ms": -1208733366108.453 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-12T12:21:47+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-12T04:21:47Z", "ms": -1208806693446.9697 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-12T13:09:47+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-12T05:09:47Z", "ms": -1208803813446.9697 } }, "covered_min": 43, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-13T12:21:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-13T04:21:26Z", "ms": -1208720314341.4734 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-13T13:09:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-13T05:09:26Z", "ms": -1208717434341.4734 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 12:26 on Sat 12 Sep to 08:44 on Sun 13 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-12T04:26:20Z → 1931-09-13T00:43:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:22–13:10 on the 12th, 12:21–13:09 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 43 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 274 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rudra Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 12 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rudra-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Rudra vrata (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-12", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rudra Vrata 1931 falls on Saturday 12 September. Pratipadā runs from 12:26 on Sat 12 Sep to 08:44 on Sun 13 Sep and covers 43 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It is 4 min 34 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/rudra-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/haritalika-vrata", "festival": "haritalika-vrata", "name": "Haritālikā Vrata", "everyday": "Hartalika Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26095, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1931-09-14T05:06:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-13T21:06:10Z", "ms": -1208660030003.1697 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-15T01:42:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-14T17:42:26Z", "ms": -1208585854169.3152 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-14T05:06:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-13T21:06:10Z", "ms": -1208660030003.1697 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-15T01:42:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-14T17:42:26Z", "ms": -1208585854169.3152 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-14T12:21:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-14T04:21:05Z", "ms": -1208633935334.561 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-14T13:09:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-14T05:09:05Z", "ms": -1208631055334.561 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-15T12:20:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-15T04:20:44Z", "ms": -1208547556411.139 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-15T13:08:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-15T05:08:44Z", "ms": -1208544676411.139 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 05:06 on Mon 14 Sep to 01:42 on Tue 15 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-13T21:06:10Z → 1931-09-14T17:42:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:21–13:09 on the 14th, 12:21–13:09 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26095 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Haritālikā Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 14 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "haritalika-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Haritalika vrata (paraviddha), Gauri vrata (Orissa), Gauri (Mysore)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Haritālikā Vrata (Hartalika Teej) 1931 falls on Monday 14 September. Tṛtīyā runs from 05:06 on Mon 14 Sep to 01:42 on Tue 15 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/haritalika-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ganesha-chaturthi", "festival": "ganesha-chaturthi", "name": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34349, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-09-15T01:42:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-14T17:42:26Z", "ms": -1208585854169.3152 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-15T22:41:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-15T14:41:13Z", "ms": -1208510327002.2593 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-15T01:42:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-14T17:42:26Z", "ms": -1208585854169.3152 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-15T22:41:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-15T14:41:13Z", "ms": -1208510327002.2593 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-14T12:21:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-14T04:21:05Z", "ms": -1208633935334.561 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-14T13:09:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-14T05:09:05Z", "ms": -1208631055334.561 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-15T12:20:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-15T04:20:44Z", "ms": -1208547556411.139 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-15T13:08:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-15T05:08:44Z", "ms": -1208544676411.139 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:42 on Tue 15 Sep to 22:41 on Tue 15 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-14T17:42:26Z → 1931-09-15T14:41:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:21–13:09 on the 14th, 12:21–13:09 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 34349 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 15 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Varada caturthi (purvaviddha, madhyahnavyapini), Samvatsari parva (Jain-caturthi paksa), Saubhagya caturthi (Bengal), Ganesa caturthi (madhyahna vyapini and purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Gaṇeśa Caturthī 1931 falls on Tuesday 15 September. Caturthī runs from 01:42 on Tue 15 Sep to 22:41 on Tue 15 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ganesha-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/rishi-panchami", "festival": "rishi-panchami", "name": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25295, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1931-09-15T22:41:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-15T14:41:13Z", "ms": -1208510327002.2593 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-16T20:09:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-16T12:09:57Z", "ms": -1208433002909.2053 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-15T22:41:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-15T14:41:13Z", "ms": -1208510327002.2593 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-16T20:09:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-16T12:09:57Z", "ms": -1208433002909.2053 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-15T12:20:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-15T04:20:44Z", "ms": -1208547556411.139 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-15T13:08:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-15T05:08:44Z", "ms": -1208544676411.139 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-09-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-16T12:20:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-16T04:20:22Z", "ms": -1208461177554.8132 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-16T13:08:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-16T05:08:22Z", "ms": -1208458297554.8132 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 22:41 on Tue 15 Sep to 20:10 on Wed 16 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-15T14:41:13Z → 1931-09-16T12:09:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:21–13:09 on the 15th, 12:20–13:08 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 25295 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 16 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 1931 falls on Wednesday 16 September. Pañcamī runs from 22:41 on Tue 15 Sep to 20:10 on Wed 16 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/rishi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "festival": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18394, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1931-09-16T20:09:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-16T12:09:57Z", "ms": -1208433002909.2053 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-17T18:14:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-17T10:14:35Z", "ms": -1208353525174.3542 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-16T20:09:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-16T12:09:57Z", "ms": -1208433002909.2053 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-17T18:14:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-17T10:14:35Z", "ms": -1208353525174.3542 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-16T12:20:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-16T04:20:22Z", "ms": -1208461177554.8132 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-16T13:08:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-16T05:08:22Z", "ms": -1208458297554.8132 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-17T12:20:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-17T04:20:01Z", "ms": -1208374798749.0251 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-17T13:08:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-17T05:08:01Z", "ms": -1208371918749.0251 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:10 on Wed 16 Sep to 18:15 on Thu 17 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-16T12:09:57Z → 1931-09-17T10:14:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:20–13:08 on the 16th, 12:20–13:08 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18394 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada), Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 17 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Surya sasthi (paraviddha), Lolarka sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada) 1931 falls on Thursday 17 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:10 on Wed 16 Sep to 18:15 on Thu 17 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/muktabharana-vrata", "festival": "muktabharana-vrata", "name": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13891, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1931-09-17T18:14:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-17T10:14:35Z", "ms": -1208353525174.3542 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-18T16:59:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-18T08:59:11Z", "ms": -1208271649169.54 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-17T18:14:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-17T10:14:35Z", "ms": -1208353525174.3542 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-18T16:59:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-18T08:59:11Z", "ms": -1208271649169.54 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-17T12:20:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-17T04:20:01Z", "ms": -1208374798749.0251 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-17T13:08:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-17T05:08:01Z", "ms": -1208371918749.0251 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-18T12:19:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-18T04:19:40Z", "ms": -1208288419974.5586 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-18T13:07:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-18T05:07:40Z", "ms": -1208285539974.5586 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 18:15 on Thu 17 Sep to 16:59 on Fri 18 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-17T10:14:35Z → 1931-09-18T08:59:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:20–13:08 on the 17th, 12:20–13:08 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 48 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 13891 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 18 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "muktabharana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Muktabharana vrata (purvaviddha), Lalita saptami (Bengal & Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Muktābharaṇa Vrata 1931 falls on Friday 18 September. Saptamī runs from 18:15 on Thu 17 Sep to 16:59 on Fri 18 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/muktabharana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/radhashtami", "festival": "radhashtami", "name": "Rādhāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11900, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1931-09-18T16:59:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-18T08:59:11Z", "ms": -1208271649169.54 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-19T16:25:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-19T08:25:39Z", "ms": -1208187261337.2869 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-18T16:59:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-18T08:59:11Z", "ms": -1208271649169.54 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-19T16:25:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-19T08:25:39Z", "ms": -1208187261337.2869 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-18T12:19:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-18T04:19:40Z", "ms": -1208288419974.5586 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-18T13:07:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-18T05:07:40Z", "ms": -1208285539974.5586 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-19T12:19:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-19T04:19:19Z", "ms": -1208202041212.1458 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-19T13:07:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-19T05:07:19Z", "ms": -1208199161212.1458 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 16:59 on Fri 18 Sep to 16:26 on Sat 19 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-18T08:59:11Z → 1931-09-19T08:25:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:20–13:08 on the 18th, 12:19–13:07 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 48 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11900 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rādhāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 19 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "radhashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Durvastami (purvaviddha — S 8 of saura Bhadra except Bengal), Mahalaksmi vratarambha, Radhastami (madhyahna vyapini)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rādhāṣṭamī 1931 falls on Saturday 19 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 16:59 on Fri 18 Sep to 16:26 on Sat 19 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/radhashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-09-22", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38670, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-09-21T17:20:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-21T09:20:12Z", "ms": -1208011188338.4402 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-22T18:41:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-22T10:41:08Z", "ms": -1207919932402.9875 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-21T17:20:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-21T09:20:12Z", "ms": -1208011188338.4402 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-22T18:41:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-22T10:41:08Z", "ms": -1207919932402.9875 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-21T06:35:42+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-20T22:35:42Z", "ms": -1208049858469.4197 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-21T06:35:42+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-20T22:35:42Z", "ms": -1208049858469.4197 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-09-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-22T06:36:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-21T22:36:27Z", "ms": -1207963412508.6506 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-22T06:36:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-21T22:36:27Z", "ms": -1207963412508.6506 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-09-23", "start": { "local": "1931-09-23T06:37:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-22T22:37:14Z", "ms": -1207876966448.7305 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-23T09:03:06+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-23T01:03:06Z", "ms": -1207868214214.877 }, "basis": "pratah", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-09-23T20:30:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-23T12:30:34Z", "ms": -1207826965965.7249 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-09-23T01:08:29+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-22T17:08:29Z", "ms": -1207896690793.6719 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 17:20 on Mon 21 Sep to 18:41 on Tue 22 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-21T09:20:12Z → 1931-09-22T10:41:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:36 on the 21st and 06:36 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 38670 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 22 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Parivartanī Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Tuesday 22 September. Ekādaśī runs from 17:20 on Mon 21 Sep to 18:41 on Tue 22 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-09-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vamana-jayanti", "festival": "vamana-jayanti", "name": "Vāmana Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20092, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-09-22T18:41:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-22T10:41:08Z", "ms": -1207919932402.9875 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-23T20:30:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-23T12:30:34Z", "ms": -1207826965965.7249 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-22T18:41:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-22T10:41:08Z", "ms": -1207919932402.9875 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-23T20:30:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-23T12:30:34Z", "ms": -1207826965965.7249 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-22T12:18:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-22T04:18:15Z", "ms": -1207942904789.3572 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-22T13:06:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-22T05:06:15Z", "ms": -1207940024789.3572 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-23T12:17:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-23T04:17:54Z", "ms": -1207856525864.0964 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-23T13:05:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-23T05:05:54Z", "ms": -1207853645864.0964 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 18:41 on Tue 22 Sep to 20:31 on Wed 23 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-22T10:41:08Z → 1931-09-23T12:30:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:18–13:06 on the 22nd, 12:18–13:06 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20092 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vāmana Jayantī, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 23 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vamana-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Visnuparivartanotsava, Sakrotthana (in any of the naksatras U. Asadha, Sravana & Dhanistha), Kalki dvadasi, Sravana dvadasi (when combined with naksatra Sravana), Vamana jayanti (madhyahna vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vāmana Jayantī 1931 falls on Wednesday 23 September. Dvādaśī runs from 18:41 on Tue 22 Sep to 20:31 on Wed 23 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vamana-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-09-24", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 548, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-09-23T20:30:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-23T12:30:34Z", "ms": -1207826965965.7249 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-24T22:42:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-24T14:42:05Z", "ms": -1207732674838.4292 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-23T20:30:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-23T12:30:34Z", "ms": -1207826965965.7249 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-24T22:42:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-24T14:42:05Z", "ms": -1207732674838.4292 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-23T18:46:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-23T10:46:35Z", "ms": -1207833205279.4624 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-23T20:21:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-23T12:21:26Z", "ms": -1207827513945.4773 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-24T18:45:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-24T10:45:07Z", "ms": -1207746893410.649 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-24T20:20:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-24T12:20:16Z", "ms": -1207741184151.9744 } }, "covered_min": 95, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:31 on Wed 23 Sep to 22:42 on Thu 24 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-23T12:30:34Z → 1931-09-24T14:42:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:47–20:21 on the 23rd, 18:45–20:20 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 95 minutes on the 23rd and 95 of 95 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 548 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 24 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-24", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Thursday 24 September. Trayodaśī runs from 20:31 on Wed 23 Sep to 22:42 on Thu 24 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-09-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ananta-chaturdashi", "festival": "ananta-chaturdashi", "name": "Ananta Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19830, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-09-24T22:42:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-24T14:42:05Z", "ms": -1207732674838.4292 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-26T01:09:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-25T17:09:03Z", "ms": -1207637457038.352 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-24T22:42:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-24T14:42:05Z", "ms": -1207732674838.4292 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-26T01:09:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-25T17:09:03Z", "ms": -1207637457038.352 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-25T06:38:46+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-24T22:38:46Z", "ms": -1207704073970.5896 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-25T09:03:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-25T01:03:45Z", "ms": -1207695375463.1455 } }, "covered_min": 145, "window_min": 145, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-26T06:39:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-25T22:39:32Z", "ms": -1207617627520.8308 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-26T09:04:04+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-26T01:04:04Z", "ms": -1207608955880.1243 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 145, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:42 on Thu 24 Sep to 01:09 on Sat 26 Sep.", "fact": "1931-09-24T14:42:05Z → 1931-09-25T17:09:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:39–09:04 on the 25th, 06:40–09:04 on the 26th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 145 of 145 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 145 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19830 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ananta Caturdaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 25 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananta-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Ananta caturdasi (covering three muhurtas from sunrise, but one muhurta in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row asks for one muhūrta from sunrise; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ananta Caturdaśī 1931 falls on Friday 25 September. Caturdaśī runs from 22:42 on Thu 24 Sep to 01:09 on Sat 26 Sep and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ananta-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-09-30", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-09-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26519, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-09-30T11:17:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-30T03:17:41Z", "ms": -1207255339416.0789 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-01T13:19:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-01T05:19:54Z", "ms": -1207161605579.085 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-09-30T11:17:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-30T03:17:41Z", "ms": -1207255339416.0789 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-01T13:19:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-01T05:19:54Z", "ms": -1207161605579.085 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-09-30T20:09:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-30T12:09:03Z", "ms": -1207223457419.9272 }, "end": { "local": "1931-09-30T20:09:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-09-30T12:09:03Z", "ms": -1207223457419.9272 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-01T20:41:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-01T12:41:53Z", "ms": -1207135086805.988 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-01T20:41:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-01T12:41:53Z", "ms": -1207135086805.988 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:18 on Wed 30 Sep to 13:20 on Thu 1 Oct.", "fact": "1931-09-30T03:17:41Z → 1931-10-01T05:19:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:09 on the 30th and 20:42 on the 1st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 30th and is not on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26519 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 30 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1931 falls on Wednesday 30 September. Caturthī runs from 11:18 on Wed 30 Sep to 13:20 on Thu 1 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-09-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/chandra-shashthi", "festival": "chandra-shashthi", "name": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-10-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22336, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1931-10-02T14:55:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-02T06:55:21Z", "ms": -1207069479005.343 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-03T15:57:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-03T07:57:07Z", "ms": -1206979373464.3667 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-10-02T14:55:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-02T06:55:21Z", "ms": -1207069479005.343 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-03T15:57:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-03T07:57:07Z", "ms": -1206979373464.3667 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-10-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-02T21:21:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-02T13:21:28Z", "ms": -1207046311539.7766 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-02T21:21:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-02T13:21:28Z", "ms": -1207046311539.7766 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-10-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-03T22:09:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-03T14:09:23Z", "ms": -1206957036999.2336 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-03T22:09:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-03T14:09:23Z", "ms": -1206957036999.2336 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 14:55 on Fri 2 Oct to 15:57 on Sat 3 Oct.", "fact": "1931-10-02T06:55:21Z → 1931-10-03T07:57:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:21 on the 2nd and 22:09 on the 3rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 2nd and is not on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 22336 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 2 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chandra-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Candra sasthi (Sasthi current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Candra Ṣaṣṭhī 1931 falls on Friday 2 October. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 14:55 on Fri 2 Oct to 15:57 on Sat 3 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/chandra-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/jitashtami", "festival": "jitashtami", "name": "Jitāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Jitiya", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-10-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7858, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1931-10-04T16:19:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-04T08:19:38Z", "ms": -1206891622168.297 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-05T15:59:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-05T07:59:24Z", "ms": -1206806436116.254 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-10-04T16:19:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-04T08:19:38Z", "ms": -1206891622168.297 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-05T15:59:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-05T07:59:24Z", "ms": -1206806436116.254 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-04T18:30:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-04T10:30:36Z", "ms": -1206883763726.4312 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-04T20:08:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-04T12:08:45Z", "ms": -1206877875270.5413 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-10-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-05T18:29:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-05T10:29:11Z", "ms": -1206797448983.5354 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-05T20:07:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-05T12:07:37Z", "ms": -1206791542659.7551 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 16:20 on Sun 4 Oct to 15:59 on Mon 5 Oct.", "fact": "1931-10-04T08:19:38Z → 1931-10-05T07:59:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:31–20:09 on the 4th, 18:29–20:08 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 98 of 98 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 98 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7858 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jitāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 4 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "jitashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Jitāṣṭamī (Jitiya) 1931 falls on Sunday 4 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 16:20 on Sun 4 Oct to 15:59 on Mon 5 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/jitashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "festival": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "name": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-10-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24398, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1931-10-04T16:19:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-04T08:19:38Z", "ms": -1206891622168.297 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-05T15:59:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-05T07:59:24Z", "ms": -1206806436116.254 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-10-04T16:19:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-04T08:19:38Z", "ms": -1206891622168.297 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-05T15:59:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-05T07:59:24Z", "ms": -1206806436116.254 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-04T23:06:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-04T15:06:16Z", "ms": -1206867224361.936 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-04T23:06:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-04T15:06:16Z", "ms": -1206867224361.936 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-10-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-06T00:11:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-05T16:11:07Z", "ms": -1206776933407.378 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-06T00:11:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-05T16:11:07Z", "ms": -1206776933407.378 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 16:20 on Sun 4 Oct to 15:59 on Mon 5 Oct.", "fact": "1931-10-04T08:19:38Z → 1931-10-05T07:59:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:06 on the 4th and 00:11 on the 5th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 4th and is not on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24398 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 4 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana 1931 falls on Sunday 4 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 16:20 on Sun 4 Oct to 15:59 on Mon 5 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-10-08", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Indirā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-10-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14136, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-10-07T13:09:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-07T05:09:09Z", "ms": -1206643850524.1396 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-08T10:44:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-08T02:44:43Z", "ms": -1206566117320.3713 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-10-07T13:09:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-07T05:09:09Z", "ms": -1206643850524.1396 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-08T10:44:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-08T02:44:43Z", "ms": -1206566117320.3713 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-07T06:48:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-06T22:48:17Z", "ms": -1206666702502.4043 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-07T06:48:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-06T22:48:17Z", "ms": -1206666702502.4043 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-08T06:49:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-07T22:49:07Z", "ms": -1206580253140.8037 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-08T06:49:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-07T22:49:07Z", "ms": -1206580253140.8037 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-10-09", "start": { "local": "1931-10-09T06:49:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-08T22:49:57Z", "ms": -1206493803463.9453 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-09T07:48:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-08T23:48:03Z", "ms": -1206490316717.8525 }, "basis": "pratah", "ends_with_dvadashi": true, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-10-09T07:48:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-08T23:48:03Z", "ms": -1206490316717.8525 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-10-08T16:00:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-08T08:00:33Z", "ms": -1206547167169.7417 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:09 on Wed 7 Oct to 10:45 on Thu 8 Oct.", "fact": "1931-10-07T05:09:09Z → 1931-10-08T02:44:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:48 on the 7th and 06:49 on the 8th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 7th and is on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14136 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Indirā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 8 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Indirā Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Thursday 8 October. Ekādaśī runs from 13:09 on Wed 7 Oct to 10:45 on Thu 8 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-10-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-10-09", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-10-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30214, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-10-09T07:48:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-08T23:48:03Z", "ms": -1206490316717.8525 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-10T04:26:46+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-09T20:26:46Z", "ms": -1206415994061.6365 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-10-09T07:48:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-08T23:48:03Z", "ms": -1206490316717.8525 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-10T04:26:46+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-09T20:26:46Z", "ms": -1206415994061.6365 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-08T18:24:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-08T10:24:58Z", "ms": -1206538501957.7913 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-08T20:04:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-08T12:04:18Z", "ms": -1206532542158.6118 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-09T18:23:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-09T10:23:35Z", "ms": -1206452185250.2412 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-09T20:03:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-09T12:03:12Z", "ms": -1206446207679.1514 } }, "covered_min": 100, "window_min": 100, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 07:48 on Fri 9 Oct to 04:27 on Sat 10 Oct.", "fact": "1931-10-08T23:48:03Z → 1931-10-09T20:26:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:25–20:04 on the 8th, 18:24–20:03 on the 9th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 99 minutes on the 8th and 100 of 100 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30214 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 9 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Friday 9 October. Trayodaśī runs from 07:48 on Fri 9 Oct to 04:27 on Sat 10 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-10-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-10-10", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-10-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 682, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-10-10T04:26:46+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-09T20:26:46Z", "ms": -1206415994061.6365 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-11T00:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-10T16:49:33Z", "ms": -1206342627140.1284 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-10-10T04:26:46+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-09T20:26:46Z", "ms": -1206415994061.6365 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-11T00:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-10T16:49:33Z", "ms": -1206342627140.1284 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-10T00:13:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-09T16:13:11Z", "ms": -1206431209358.6543 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-10T01:01:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-09T17:01:11Z", "ms": -1206428329358.6543 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-11T00:12:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-10T16:12:54Z", "ms": -1206344825562.691 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-11T01:00:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-10T17:00:54Z", "ms": -1206341945562.691 } }, "covered_min": 37, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 04:27 on Sat 10 Oct to 00:50 on Sun 11 Oct.", "fact": "1931-10-09T20:26:46Z → 1931-10-10T16:49:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:13–01:01 on the 9th, 00:13–01:01 on the 10th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 37 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 682 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 10 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1931 falls on Saturday 10 October. Caturdaśī runs from 04:27 on Sat 10 Oct to 00:50 on Sun 11 Oct and covers 37 of 48 minutes of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-10-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/mahalaya-amavasya", "festival": "mahalaya-amavasya", "name": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā", "everyday": "Sarvapitṛ Amāvāsyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-10-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18172, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1931-10-11T00:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-10T16:49:33Z", "ms": -1206342627140.1284 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-11T21:05:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-11T13:05:51Z", "ms": -1206269648903.8765 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-10-11T00:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-10T16:49:33Z", "ms": -1206342627140.1284 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-11T21:05:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-11T13:05:51Z", "ms": -1206269648903.8765 } }, "kaala": "aparahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-10T13:45:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-10T05:45:38Z", "ms": -1206382462173.8772 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-10T16:03:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-10T08:03:55Z", "ms": -1206374165076.1472 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 138, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-11T13:45:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-11T05:45:09Z", "ms": -1206296091327.6177 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-11T16:02:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-11T08:02:59Z", "ms": -1206287820721.1687 } }, "covered_min": 138, "window_min": 138, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 00:50 on Sun 11 Oct to 21:06 on Sun 11 Oct.", "fact": "1931-10-10T16:49:33Z → 1931-10-11T13:05:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aparāhṇa is 10th to 12th of 15 day muhūrtas: 13:46–16:04 on the 10th, 13:45–16:03 on the 11th.", "fact": "aparahna: day-muhurta-10-12 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during aparāhṇa. It covers 0 of 138 minutes on the 10th and 138 of 138 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18172 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 11 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalaya-amavasya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Mahalaya amavasya (aparahnavyapini)" } ], "not_evaluated": "The note on p. 106 gives the first day in a decreasing tithimāna and the second in an increasing one, when amāvāsyā covers the whole of aparāhṇa on both days; tithimāna is not computed.", "kaala": "aparahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mahālaya Amāvāsyā 1931 falls on Sunday 11 October. Amāvasyā runs from 00:50 on Sun 11 Oct to 21:06 on Sun 11 Oct and covers all of aparāhṇa that afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/mahalaya-amavasya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/navaratra-arambha", "festival": "navaratra-arambha", "name": "Navarātrārambha", "everyday": "Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-10-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15935, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1931-10-11T21:05:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-11T13:05:51Z", "ms": -1206269648903.8765 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-12T17:25:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-12T09:25:33Z", "ms": -1206196466870.3945 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-10-11T21:05:51+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-11T13:05:51Z", "ms": -1206269648903.8765 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-12T17:25:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-12T09:25:33Z", "ms": -1206196466870.3945 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-11T12:12:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-11T04:12:13Z", "ms": -1206301666630.8423 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-11T13:00:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-11T05:00:13Z", "ms": -1206298786630.8423 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-10-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-12T12:11:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-12T04:11:58Z", "ms": -1206215282066.9062 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-12T12:59:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-12T04:59:58Z", "ms": -1206212402066.9062 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 21:06 on Sun 11 Oct to 17:26 on Mon 12 Oct.", "fact": "1931-10-11T13:05:51Z → 1931-10-12T09:25:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 11th, 12:12–13:00 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15935 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 12 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Navarātrārambha (Navratri) 1931 falls on Monday 12 October. Pratipadā runs from 21:06 on Sun 11 Oct to 17:26 on Mon 12 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/navaratra-arambha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-10-14", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-10-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4596, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-10-14T10:54:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-14T02:54:53Z", "ms": -1206047107095.618 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-15T08:23:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-15T00:23:22Z", "ms": -1205969798270.244 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-10-14T10:54:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-14T02:54:53Z", "ms": -1206047107095.618 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-15T08:23:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-15T00:23:22Z", "ms": -1205969798270.244 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-14T12:11:29+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-14T04:11:29Z", "ms": -1206042511466.8179 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-14T12:59:29+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-14T04:59:29Z", "ms": -1206039631466.8179 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-15T12:11:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-15T04:11:15Z", "ms": -1205956125402.1196 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-15T12:59:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-15T04:59:15Z", "ms": -1205953245402.1196 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 10:55 on Wed 14 Oct to 08:23 on Thu 15 Oct.", "fact": "1931-10-14T02:54:53Z → 1931-10-15T00:23:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:11–12:59 on the 14th, 12:11–12:59 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4596 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 14 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1931 falls on Wednesday 14 October. Caturthī runs from 10:55 on Wed 14 Oct to 08:23 on Thu 15 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-10-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/durga-saptami", "festival": "durga-saptami", "name": "Durgā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-10-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5424, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1931-10-17T05:26:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-16T21:26:22Z", "ms": -1205807618015.9028 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-18T05:09:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-17T21:09:48Z", "ms": -1205722212086.7812 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-10-17T05:26:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-16T21:26:22Z", "ms": -1205807618015.9028 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-18T05:09:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-17T21:09:48Z", "ms": -1205722212086.7812 } }, "kaala": "udaya-1", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-10-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-17T06:56:46+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-16T22:56:46Z", "ms": -1205802194376.658 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-17T07:41:50+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-16T23:41:50Z", "ms": -1205799490015.422 } }, "covered_min": 45, "window_min": 45, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-18T06:57:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-17T22:57:38Z", "ms": -1205715741765.4814 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-18T07:42:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-17T23:42:34Z", "ms": -1205713046058.7207 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 45, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 05:26 on Sat 17 Oct to 05:10 on Sun 18 Oct.", "fact": "1931-10-16T21:26:22Z → 1931-10-17T21:09:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first muhūrta after sunrise is 1st of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:57–07:42 on the 17th, 06:58–07:43 on the 18th.", "fact": "udaya-1: day-muhurta-1-1 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must hold through the first muhūrta after sunrise. It covers 45 of 45 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 45 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5424 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Saptamī, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 17 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Durga saptami (paraviddha) — covering one muhurta from sunrise" } ], "kaala": "udaya-1", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Durgā Saptamī 1931 falls on Saturday 17 October. Saptamī runs from 05:26 on Sat 17 Oct to 05:10 on Sun 18 Oct and covers all of the first muhūrta after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/durga-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/mahashtami", "festival": "mahashtami", "name": "Mahāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Durga Ashtami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-10-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23314, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1931-10-18T05:09:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-17T21:09:48Z", "ms": -1205722212086.7812 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-19T05:41:50+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-18T21:41:50Z", "ms": -1205633889837.2556 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-10-18T05:09:48+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-17T21:09:48Z", "ms": -1205722212086.7812 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-19T05:41:50+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-18T21:41:50Z", "ms": -1205633889837.2556 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-18T12:10:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-18T04:10:36Z", "ms": -1205696963964.776 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-18T12:58:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-18T04:58:36Z", "ms": -1205694083964.776 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-19T12:10:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-19T04:10:24Z", "ms": -1205610575682.6343 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-19T12:58:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-19T04:58:24Z", "ms": -1205607695682.6343 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 05:10 on Sun 18 Oct to 05:42 on Mon 19 Oct.", "fact": "1931-10-17T21:09:48Z → 1931-10-18T21:41:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:11–12:59 on the 18th, 12:10–12:58 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 23314 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 18 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 1931 falls on Sunday 18 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 05:10 on Sun 18 Oct to 05:42 on Mon 19 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/mahashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/mahanavami", "festival": "mahanavami", "name": "Mahānavamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-10-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18711, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1931-10-19T05:41:50+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-18T21:41:50Z", "ms": -1205633889837.2556 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-20T06:58:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-19T22:58:23Z", "ms": -1205542897412.2542 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-10-19T05:41:50+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-18T21:41:50Z", "ms": -1205633889837.2556 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-20T06:58:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-19T22:58:23Z", "ms": -1205542897412.2542 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-19T12:10:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-19T04:10:24Z", "ms": -1205610575682.6343 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-19T12:58:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-19T04:58:24Z", "ms": -1205607695682.6343 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-20T12:10:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-20T04:10:13Z", "ms": -1205524186803.4644 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-20T12:58:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-20T04:58:13Z", "ms": -1205521306803.4644 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 05:42 on Mon 19 Oct to 06:58 on Tue 20 Oct.", "fact": "1931-10-18T21:41:50Z → 1931-10-19T22:58:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 19th, 12:10–12:58 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 18711 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahānavamī, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 19 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahanavami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Mahanavami (purvaviddha) (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha covering one muhurta from sunrise)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mahānavamī 1931 falls on Monday 19 October. Navamī runs from 05:42 on Mon 19 Oct to 06:58 on Tue 20 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/mahanavami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vijaya-dashami", "festival": "vijaya-dashami", "name": "Vijayā Daśamī", "everyday": "Dussehra", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-10-20", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 62, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 9, "key": "dashami", "name": "Daśamī", "start": { "local": "1931-10-20T06:58:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-19T22:58:23Z", "ms": -1205542897412.2542 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-21T08:51:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-21T00:51:53Z", "ms": -1205449686623.419 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "conjunction", "start": { "local": "1931-10-20T06:58:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-19T22:58:23Z", "ms": -1205542897412.2542 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-20T12:10:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-20T04:10:02Z", "ms": -1205524198112.088 }, "nakshatra": { "type": "nakshatra", "index": 21, "key": "shravana", "name": "Śravaṇa", "start": { "local": "1931-10-19T10:12:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-19T02:12:52Z", "ms": -1205617627982.7356 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-20T12:10:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-20T04:10:02Z", "ms": -1205524198112.088 } } }, "kaala": "daytime", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-19T06:58:31+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-18T22:58:31Z", "ms": -1205629288820.921 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-19T18:10:17+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-19T10:10:17Z", "ms": -1205588982544.3474 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 672, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-20T06:59:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-19T22:59:24Z", "ms": -1205542835540.0498 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-20T18:09:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-20T10:09:02Z", "ms": -1205502658066.8792 } }, "covered_min": 311, "window_min": 670, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Daśamī runs from 06:58 on Tue 20 Oct to 08:52 on Wed 21 Oct, and Śravaṇa from 10:13 on Mon 19 Oct to 12:10 on Tue 20 Oct. They are together from 06:58 on Tue 20 Oct to 12:10 on Tue 20 Oct.", "fact": "1931-10-19T22:58:23Z → 1931-10-20T04:10:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day time is sunrise to sunset: 06:59–18:10 on the 19th, 06:59–18:09 on the 20th.", "fact": "daytime: sunrise-to-sunset · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Where Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time, that day is taken. Together they cover 0 of 672 minutes on the 19th and 311 of 670 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 62 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Daśamī, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 20 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vijaya-dashami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 10 Vijaya dasami (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha, covering one muhurta from sunrise. In other places, if it touches Sravana naksatra in the day time it is observed on that day), Sarasvati visarjana (to be observed in naksatra Sravana), Dasahara." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day", "conjunction": { "nakshatra": "Śravaṇa", "kaala": "daytime" } }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-20", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-20", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vijayā Daśamī (Dussehra) 1931 falls on Tuesday 20 October. Daśamī runs from 06:58 on Tue 20 Oct to 08:52 on Wed 21 Oct and is with Śravaṇa in the day time that day, for 311 minutes. It is 1 min 02 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vijaya-dashami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-10-22", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-10-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6695, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-10-21T08:51:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-21T00:51:53Z", "ms": -1205449686623.419 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-22T11:12:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-22T03:12:22Z", "ms": -1205354857653.594 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-10-21T08:51:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-21T00:51:53Z", "ms": -1205449686623.419 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-22T11:12:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-22T03:12:22Z", "ms": -1205354857653.594 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-21T07:00:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-20T23:00:18Z", "ms": -1205456381919.8706 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-21T07:00:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-20T23:00:18Z", "ms": -1205456381919.8706 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-22T07:01:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-21T23:01:12Z", "ms": -1205369927957.5151 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-22T07:01:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-21T23:01:12Z", "ms": -1205369927957.5151 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-10-23", "start": { "local": "1931-10-23T07:02:06+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-22T23:02:06Z", "ms": -1205283473650.395 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-23T09:14:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-23T01:14:45Z", "ms": -1205275514752.9204 }, "basis": "pratah", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-10-23T13:48:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-23T05:48:45Z", "ms": -1205259075115.722 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-10-22T17:51:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-22T09:51:28Z", "ms": -1205330912019.126 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:52 on Wed 21 Oct to 11:12 on Thu 22 Oct.", "fact": "1931-10-21T00:51:53Z → 1931-10-22T03:12:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:00 on the 21st and 07:01 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6695 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 22 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Thursday 22 October. Ekādaśī runs from 08:52 on Wed 21 Oct to 11:12 on Thu 22 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-10-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-10-23", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-10-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5631, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-10-23T13:48:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-23T05:48:45Z", "ms": -1205259075115.722 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-24T16:30:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-24T08:30:18Z", "ms": -1205162981618.448 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-10-23T13:48:45+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-23T05:48:45Z", "ms": -1205259075115.722 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-24T16:30:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-24T08:30:18Z", "ms": -1205162981618.448 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-23T18:05:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-23T10:05:21Z", "ms": -1205243679163.022 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-23T19:49:02+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-23T11:49:02Z", "ms": -1205237457807.4624 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-24T18:04:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-24T10:04:09Z", "ms": -1205157350928.471 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-24T19:48:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-24T11:48:07Z", "ms": -1205151112670.494 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:49 on Fri 23 Oct to 16:30 on Sat 24 Oct.", "fact": "1931-10-23T05:48:45Z → 1931-10-24T08:30:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:05–19:49 on the 23rd, 18:04–19:48 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 104 of 104 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 104 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5631 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 23 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Friday 23 October. Trayodaśī runs from 13:49 on Fri 23 Oct to 16:30 on Sat 24 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-10-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/karaka-chaturthi", "festival": "karaka-chaturthi", "name": "Karaka Caturthī", "everyday": "Karwa Chauth", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27301, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-10-30T02:56:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-29T18:56:15Z", "ms": -1204693425277.892 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-31T03:54:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-30T19:54:27Z", "ms": -1204603532719.4956 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-10-30T02:56:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-29T18:56:15Z", "ms": -1204693425277.892 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-31T03:54:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-30T19:54:27Z", "ms": -1204603532719.4956 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-29T19:21:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-29T11:21:13Z", "ms": -1204720726672.395 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-29T19:21:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-29T11:21:13Z", "ms": -1204720726672.395 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-30T20:06:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-30T12:06:25Z", "ms": -1204631615140.5378 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-30T20:06:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-30T12:06:25Z", "ms": -1204631615140.5378 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 02:56 on Fri 30 Oct to 03:54 on Sat 31 Oct.", "fact": "1931-10-29T18:56:15Z → 1931-10-30T19:54:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:21 on the 29th and 20:06 on the 30th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 29th and is on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 27301 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Karaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "karaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Karaka caturthi (current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Karaka Caturthī (Karwa Chauth) 1931 falls on Friday 30 October. Caturthī runs from 02:56 on Fri 30 Oct to 03:54 on Sat 31 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/karaka-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-10-30", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27301, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-10-30T02:56:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-29T18:56:15Z", "ms": -1204693425277.892 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-31T03:54:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-30T19:54:27Z", "ms": -1204603532719.4956 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-10-30T02:56:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-29T18:56:15Z", "ms": -1204693425277.892 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-31T03:54:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-30T19:54:27Z", "ms": -1204603532719.4956 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-29T19:21:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-29T11:21:13Z", "ms": -1204720726672.395 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-29T19:21:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-29T11:21:13Z", "ms": -1204720726672.395 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-10-30T20:06:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-30T12:06:25Z", "ms": -1204631615140.5378 }, "end": { "local": "1931-10-30T20:06:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-10-30T12:06:25Z", "ms": -1204631615140.5378 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 02:56 on Fri 30 Oct to 03:54 on Sat 31 Oct.", "fact": "1931-10-29T18:56:15Z → 1931-10-30T19:54:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:21 on the 29th and 20:06 on the 30th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 29th and is on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27301 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1931 falls on Friday 30 October. Caturthī runs from 02:56 on Fri 30 Oct to 03:54 on Sat 31 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-10-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ahoyi-ashtami", "festival": "ahoyi-ashtami", "name": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8469, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1931-11-03T03:47:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-02T19:47:25Z", "ms": -1204344754724.233 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-04T02:39:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-03T18:39:03Z", "ms": -1204262456965.4038 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-03T03:47:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-02T19:47:25Z", "ms": -1204344754724.233 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-04T02:39:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-03T18:39:03Z", "ms": -1204262456965.4038 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-02T23:08:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-02T15:08:12Z", "ms": -1204361507877.174 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-02T23:08:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-02T15:08:12Z", "ms": -1204361507877.174 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-04T00:17:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-03T16:17:54Z", "ms": -1204270925906.055 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-04T00:17:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-03T16:17:54Z", "ms": -1204270925906.055 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 03:47 on Tue 3 Nov to 02:39 on Wed 4 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-02T19:47:25Z → 1931-11-03T18:39:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:08 on the 2nd and 00:18 on the 3rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 2nd and is on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 8469 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ahoyi-ashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Ahoyi astami (Gujerat) (current at moonrise), Karastami (Maharashtra). If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ahoyī Aṣṭamī 1931 falls on Tuesday 3 November. Aṣṭamī runs from 03:47 on Tue 3 Nov to 02:39 on Wed 4 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ahoyi-ashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-11-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ramā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30668, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-11-05T22:44:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-05T14:44:14Z", "ms": -1204103745861.1023 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-06T20:03:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-06T12:03:32Z", "ms": -1204026988317.6458 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-05T22:44:14+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-05T14:44:14Z", "ms": -1204103745861.1023 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-06T20:03:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-06T12:03:32Z", "ms": -1204026988317.6458 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-06T07:15:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-05T23:15:22Z", "ms": -1204073077543.9895 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-06T07:15:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-05T23:15:22Z", "ms": -1204073077543.9895 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-07T07:16:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-06T23:16:22Z", "ms": -1203986618381.2534 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-07T07:16:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-06T23:16:22Z", "ms": -1203986618381.2534 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-11-07", "start": { "local": "1931-11-07T07:16:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-06T23:16:22Z", "ms": -1203986618381.2534 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-07T09:22:59+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T01:22:59Z", "ms": -1203979021311.6572 }, "basis": "pratah", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-11-07T17:00:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T09:00:39Z", "ms": -1203951560848.6152 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-11-07T01:17:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-06T17:17:49Z", "ms": -1204008131450.3882 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 22:44 on Thu 5 Nov to 20:04 on Fri 6 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-05T14:44:14Z → 1931-11-06T12:03:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:15 on the 6th and 07:16 on the 7th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 6th and is not on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30668 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ramā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 6 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ramā Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Friday 6 November. Ekādaśī runs from 22:44 on Thu 5 Nov to 20:04 on Fri 6 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-11-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/govatsa-dvadashi", "festival": "govatsa-dvadashi", "name": "Govatsa Dvādaśī", "everyday": "Vasu Baras", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-06", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1542, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 26, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-11-06T20:03:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-06T12:03:32Z", "ms": -1204026988317.6458 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-07T17:00:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T09:00:39Z", "ms": -1203951560848.6152 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-06T20:03:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-06T12:03:32Z", "ms": -1204026988317.6458 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-07T17:00:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T09:00:39Z", "ms": -1203951560848.6152 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-06T17:50:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-06T09:50:21Z", "ms": -1204034978631.8792 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-06T19:37:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-06T11:37:49Z", "ms": -1204028530598.4624 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-07T17:49:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T09:49:27Z", "ms": -1203948633033.273 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-07T19:37:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T11:37:10Z", "ms": -1203942169827.6926 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 20:04 on Fri 6 Nov to 17:01 on Sat 7 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-06T12:03:32Z → 1931-11-07T09:00:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:50–19:38 on the 6th, 17:49–19:37 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 107 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 108 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither evening qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → tithi-day · margin 1542 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govatsa Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 6 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govatsa-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 12 Govatsa dvadasi (pradosa vyapini). If occurs on two days, it is to be observed on the first day." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-06", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vasu Baras) 1931 falls on Friday 6 November. Dvādaśī runs from 20:04 on Fri 6 Nov to 17:01 on Sat 7 Nov, and reaches pradoṣa on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/govatsa-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/yama-dipadana", "festival": "yama-dipadana", "name": "Yama Dīpadāna", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2928, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-11-07T17:00:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T09:00:39Z", "ms": -1203951560848.6152 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-08T13:42:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T05:42:37Z", "ms": -1203877043312.501 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-07T17:00:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T09:00:39Z", "ms": -1203951560848.6152 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-08T13:42:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T05:42:37Z", "ms": -1203877043312.501 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-07T17:49:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T09:49:27Z", "ms": -1203948633033.273 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-07T19:37:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T11:37:10Z", "ms": -1203942169827.6926 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-08T17:48:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T09:48:34Z", "ms": -1203862285952.7332 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-08T19:36:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T11:36:32Z", "ms": -1203855807745.6697 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:01 on Sat 7 Nov to 13:43 on Sun 8 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-07T09:00:39Z → 1931-11-08T05:42:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:49–19:37 on the 7th, 17:49–19:37 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 108 of 108 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 108 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2928 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dīpadāna, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 7 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dipadana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 13 Yama dipadana (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Yama Dīpadāna 1931 falls on Saturday 7 November. Trayodaśī runs from 17:01 on Sat 7 Nov to 13:43 on Sun 8 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/yama-dipadana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-11-07", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2928, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-11-07T17:00:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T09:00:39Z", "ms": -1203951560848.6152 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-08T13:42:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T05:42:37Z", "ms": -1203877043312.501 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-07T17:00:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T09:00:39Z", "ms": -1203951560848.6152 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-08T13:42:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T05:42:37Z", "ms": -1203877043312.501 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-07T17:49:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T09:49:27Z", "ms": -1203948633033.273 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-07T19:37:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T11:37:10Z", "ms": -1203942169827.6926 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-08T17:48:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T09:48:34Z", "ms": -1203862285952.7332 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-08T19:36:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T11:36:32Z", "ms": -1203855807745.6697 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:01 on Sat 7 Nov to 13:43 on Sun 8 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-07T09:00:39Z → 1931-11-08T05:42:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:49–19:37 on the 7th, 17:49–19:37 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 108 of 108 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 108 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2928 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 7 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Saturday 7 November. Trayodaśī runs from 17:01 on Sat 7 Nov to 13:43 on Sun 8 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-11-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-11-08", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33615, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-11-08T13:42:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T05:42:37Z", "ms": -1203877043312.501 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-09T10:17:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T02:17:43Z", "ms": -1203802937320.0354 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-08T13:42:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T05:42:37Z", "ms": -1203877043312.501 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-09T10:17:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T02:17:43Z", "ms": -1203802937320.0354 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-08T00:09:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T16:09:24Z", "ms": -1203925836012.3462 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-08T00:57:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T16:57:24Z", "ms": -1203922956012.3462 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-09T00:09:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T16:09:27Z", "ms": -1203839432676.245 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-09T00:57:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T16:57:27Z", "ms": -1203836552676.245 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:43 on Sun 8 Nov to 10:18 on Mon 9 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-08T05:42:37Z → 1931-11-09T02:17:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:09–00:57 on the 7th, 00:09–00:57 on the 8th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33615 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 8 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1931 falls on Sunday 8 November. Caturdaśī runs from 13:43 on Sun 8 Nov to 10:18 on Mon 9 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-11-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/naraka-chaturdashi", "festival": "naraka-chaturdashi", "name": "Naraka Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Choti Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10762, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-11-08T13:42:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T05:42:37Z", "ms": -1203877043312.501 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-09T10:17:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T02:17:43Z", "ms": -1203802937320.0354 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-08T13:42:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T05:42:37Z", "ms": -1203877043312.501 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-09T10:17:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T02:17:43Z", "ms": -1203802937320.0354 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-08T05:29:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T21:29:38Z", "ms": -1203906622197 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-08T07:17:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-07T23:17:21Z", "ms": -1203900158991.4197 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-09T05:30:22+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T21:30:22Z", "ms": -1203820177606.8208 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-09T07:18:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T23:18:21Z", "ms": -1203813699399.7573 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:43 on Sun 8 Nov to 10:18 on Mon 9 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-08T05:42:37Z → 1931-11-09T02:17:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:30–07:17 on the 8th, 05:30–07:18 on the 9th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 108 minutes on the 8th and 108 of 108 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 10762 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Naraka Caturdaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 9 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naraka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Naraka caturdasi (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Naraka Caturdaśī (Choti Diwali) 1931 falls on Monday 9 November. Caturdaśī runs from 13:43 on Sun 8 Nov to 10:18 on Mon 9 Nov and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/naraka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "festival": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "name": "Lakṣmī Pūjā", "everyday": "Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27000, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1931-11-09T10:17:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T02:17:43Z", "ms": -1203802937320.0354 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-10T06:55:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T22:55:16Z", "ms": -1203728684024.204 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-09T10:17:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T02:17:43Z", "ms": -1203802937320.0354 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-10T06:55:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T22:55:16Z", "ms": -1203728684024.204 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-09T17:47:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T09:47:43Z", "ms": -1203775937363.492 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-09T19:35:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T11:35:56Z", "ms": -1203769444332.8943 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-10T17:46:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-10T09:46:53Z", "ms": -1203689587240.0154 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-10T19:35:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-10T11:35:20Z", "ms": -1203683079571.218 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 10:18 on Mon 9 Nov to 06:55 on Tue 10 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-09T02:17:43Z → 1931-11-09T22:55:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:48–19:36 on the 9th, 17:47–19:35 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 108 of 108 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 108 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27000 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pūjā, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 9 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali) 1931 falls on Monday 9 November. Amāvasyā runs from 10:18 on Mon 9 Nov to 06:55 on Tue 10 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/kali-puja", "festival": "kali-puja", "name": "Kālī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21464, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1931-11-09T10:17:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T02:17:43Z", "ms": -1203802937320.0354 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-10T06:55:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T22:55:16Z", "ms": -1203728684024.204 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-09T10:17:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T02:17:43Z", "ms": -1203802937320.0354 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-10T06:55:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T22:55:16Z", "ms": -1203728684024.204 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-09T00:09:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T16:09:27Z", "ms": -1203839432676.245 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-09T00:57:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-08T16:57:27Z", "ms": -1203836552676.245 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-10T00:09:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T16:09:32Z", "ms": -1203753028498.7505 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-10T00:57:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T16:57:32Z", "ms": -1203750148498.7505 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 10:18 on Mon 9 Nov to 06:55 on Tue 10 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-09T02:17:43Z → 1931-11-09T22:55:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:09–00:57 on the 8th, 00:10–00:58 on the 9th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21464 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kālī Pūjā, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 9 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kālī Pūjā 1931 falls on Monday 9 November. Amāvasyā runs from 10:18 on Mon 9 Nov to 06:55 on Tue 10 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/kali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/govardhana-puja", "festival": "govardhana-puja", "name": "Govardhana Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18831, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1931-11-10T06:55:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T22:55:16Z", "ms": -1203728684024.204 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-11T03:45:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-10T19:45:15Z", "ms": -1203653684840.6597 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-10T06:55:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T22:55:16Z", "ms": -1203728684024.204 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-11T03:45:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-10T19:45:15Z", "ms": -1203653684840.6597 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-10T12:09:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-10T04:09:07Z", "ms": -1203709853437.0122 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-10T12:57:07+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-10T04:57:07Z", "ms": -1203706973437.0122 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-11T12:09:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-11T04:09:12Z", "ms": -1203623447640.7207 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-11T12:57:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-11T04:57:12Z", "ms": -1203620567640.7207 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 06:55 on Tue 10 Nov to 03:45 on Wed 11 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-09T22:55:16Z → 1931-11-10T19:45:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 10th, 12:09–12:57 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 18831 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govardhana Pūjā, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 10 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govardhana-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Govardhana Pūjā 1931 falls on Tuesday 10 November. Pratipadā runs from 06:55 on Tue 10 Nov to 03:45 on Wed 11 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/govardhana-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/bali-puja", "festival": "bali-puja", "name": "Bali Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29395, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1931-11-10T06:55:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T22:55:16Z", "ms": -1203728684024.204 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-11T03:45:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-10T19:45:15Z", "ms": -1203653684840.6597 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-10T06:55:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T22:55:16Z", "ms": -1203728684024.204 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-11T03:45:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-10T19:45:15Z", "ms": -1203653684840.6597 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-09T17:47:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T09:47:43Z", "ms": -1203775937363.492 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-09T19:35:56+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T11:35:56Z", "ms": -1203769444332.8943 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-10T17:46:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-10T09:46:53Z", "ms": -1203689587240.0154 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-10T19:35:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-10T11:35:20Z", "ms": -1203683079571.218 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 06:55 on Tue 10 Nov to 03:45 on Wed 11 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-09T22:55:16Z → 1931-11-10T19:45:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:48–19:36 on the 9th, 17:47–19:35 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 108 minutes on the 9th and 108 of 108 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29395 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bali Pūjā, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 10 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Bali Pūjā 1931 falls on Tuesday 10 November. Pratipadā runs from 06:55 on Tue 10 Nov to 03:45 on Wed 11 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/bali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/dyuta-pratipad", "festival": "dyuta-pratipad", "name": "Dyūta Pratipad", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1444, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1931-11-10T06:55:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T22:55:16Z", "ms": -1203728684024.204 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-11T03:45:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-10T19:45:15Z", "ms": -1203653684840.6597 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-10T06:55:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T22:55:16Z", "ms": -1203728684024.204 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-11T03:45:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-10T19:45:15Z", "ms": -1203653684840.6597 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-10T07:19:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-09T23:19:20Z", "ms": -1203727239634.009 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-10T10:48:31+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-10T02:48:31Z", "ms": -1203714688836.0112 } }, "covered_min": 209, "window_min": 209, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-11T07:20:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-10T23:20:20Z", "ms": -1203640779724.0354 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-11T10:48:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-11T02:48:55Z", "ms": -1203628265001.8257 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 209, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 06:55 on Tue 10 Nov to 03:45 on Wed 11 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-09T22:55:16Z → 1931-11-10T19:45:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 07:19–10:49 on the 10th, 07:20–10:49 on the 11th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 209 of 209 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 209 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1444 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dyūta Pratipad, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 10 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dyuta-pratipad", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Dyūta Pratipad 1931 falls on Tuesday 10 November. Pratipadā runs from 06:55 on Tue 10 Nov to 03:45 on Wed 11 Nov and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/dyuta-pratipad", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/yama-dvitiya", "festival": "yama-dvitiya", "name": "Yama Dvitīyā", "everyday": "Bhai Dooj", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30237, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1931-11-11T03:45:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-10T19:45:15Z", "ms": -1203653684840.6597 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-12T00:57:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-11T16:57:53Z", "ms": -1203577326976.2932 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-11T03:45:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-10T19:45:15Z", "ms": -1203653684840.6597 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-12T00:57:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-11T16:57:53Z", "ms": -1203577326976.2932 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-11T12:09:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-11T04:09:12Z", "ms": -1203623447640.7207 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-11T12:57:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-11T04:57:12Z", "ms": -1203620567640.7207 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-12T12:09:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-12T04:09:19Z", "ms": -1203537040996.0415 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-12T12:57:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-12T04:57:19Z", "ms": -1203534160996.0415 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 03:45 on Wed 11 Nov to 00:58 on Thu 12 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-10T19:45:15Z → 1931-11-11T16:57:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 11th, 12:09–12:57 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 30237 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dvitīyā, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 11 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dvitiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Bhratrdvitiya, Yamadvitiya (madhyahna, purvaviddha), Masyadhara (Dwat) puja (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Yama Dvitīyā (Bhai Dooj) 1931 falls on Wednesday 11 November. Dvitīyā runs from 03:45 on Wed 11 Nov to 00:58 on Thu 12 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/yama-dvitiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/naga-chaturthi", "festival": "naga-chaturthi", "name": "Nāga Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29526, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-11-12T22:43:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-12T14:43:03Z", "ms": -1203499017136.7358 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-13T21:09:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-13T13:09:33Z", "ms": -1203418227059.1128 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-12T22:43:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-12T14:43:03Z", "ms": -1203499017136.7358 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-13T21:09:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-13T13:09:33Z", "ms": -1203418227059.1128 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-12T12:09:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-12T04:09:19Z", "ms": -1203537040996.0415 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-12T12:57:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-12T04:57:19Z", "ms": -1203534160996.0415 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-13T12:09:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-13T04:09:26Z", "ms": -1203450633506.5881 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-13T12:57:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-13T04:57:26Z", "ms": -1203447753506.5881 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:43 on Thu 12 Nov to 21:10 on Fri 13 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-12T14:43:03Z → 1931-11-13T13:09:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 12th, 12:09–12:57 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29526 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 13 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Naga caturthi (paraviddha and madhyahnavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Nāga Caturthī 1931 falls on Friday 13 November. Caturthī runs from 22:43 on Thu 12 Nov to 21:10 on Fri 13 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/naga-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-11-13", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29526, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-11-12T22:43:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-12T14:43:03Z", "ms": -1203499017136.7358 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-13T21:09:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-13T13:09:33Z", "ms": -1203418227059.1128 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-12T22:43:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-12T14:43:03Z", "ms": -1203499017136.7358 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-13T21:09:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-13T13:09:33Z", "ms": -1203418227059.1128 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-12T12:09:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-12T04:09:19Z", "ms": -1203537040996.0415 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-12T12:57:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-12T04:57:19Z", "ms": -1203534160996.0415 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-13T12:09:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-13T04:09:26Z", "ms": -1203450633506.5881 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-13T12:57:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-13T04:57:26Z", "ms": -1203447753506.5881 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:43 on Thu 12 Nov to 21:10 on Fri 13 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-12T14:43:03Z → 1931-11-13T13:09:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 12th, 12:09–12:57 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29526 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 13 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1931 falls on Friday 13 November. Caturthī runs from 22:43 on Thu 12 Nov to 21:10 on Fri 13 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-11-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/surya-shashthi", "festival": "surya-shashthi", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī", "everyday": "Chhath", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26793, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1931-11-14T20:24:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-14T12:24:08Z", "ms": -1203334552484.8574 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-15T20:30:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-15T12:30:18Z", "ms": -1203247781593.6587 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-14T20:24:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-14T12:24:08Z", "ms": -1203334552484.8574 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-15T20:30:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-15T12:30:18Z", "ms": -1203247781593.6587 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-14T12:09:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-14T04:09:35Z", "ms": -1203364225175.9897 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-14T12:57:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-14T04:57:35Z", "ms": -1203361345175.9897 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-11-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-15T12:09:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-15T04:09:44Z", "ms": -1203277816007.7998 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-15T12:57:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-15T04:57:44Z", "ms": -1203274936007.7998 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:24 on Sat 14 Nov to 20:30 on Sun 15 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-14T12:24:08Z → 1931-11-15T12:30:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 14th, 12:10–12:58 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26793 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 15 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Nadi sasthi, Skanda sasthi (Madras), Surya sasthi, Chhat (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Chhath) 1931 falls on Sunday 15 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:24 on Sat 14 Nov to 20:30 on Sun 15 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/surya-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/gopashtami", "festival": "gopashtami", "name": "Gopāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30566, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1931-11-16T21:27:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-16T13:27:20Z", "ms": -1203157959591.8464 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-17T23:09:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-17T15:09:34Z", "ms": -1203065426301.846 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-16T21:27:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-16T13:27:20Z", "ms": -1203157959591.8464 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-17T23:09:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-17T15:09:34Z", "ms": -1203065426301.846 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-16T12:09:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-16T04:09:54Z", "ms": -1203191406005.5762 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-16T12:57:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-16T04:57:54Z", "ms": -1203188526005.5762 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-11-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-17T12:10:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-17T04:10:05Z", "ms": -1203104995173.0352 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-17T12:58:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-17T04:58:05Z", "ms": -1203102115173.0352 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 21:27 on Mon 16 Nov to 23:10 on Tue 17 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-16T13:27:20Z → 1931-11-17T15:09:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 16th, 12:10–12:58 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30566 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gopāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 17 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gopashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Gopāṣṭamī 1931 falls on Tuesday 17 November. Aṣṭamī runs from 21:27 on Mon 16 Nov to 23:10 on Tue 17 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/gopashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/akshaya-navami", "festival": "akshaya-navami", "name": "Akṣaya Navamī", "everyday": "Amla Navami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21702, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1931-11-17T23:09:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-17T15:09:34Z", "ms": -1203065426301.846 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-19T01:26:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-18T17:26:39Z", "ms": -1202970801084.957 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-17T23:09:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-17T15:09:34Z", "ms": -1203065426301.846 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-19T01:26:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-18T17:26:39Z", "ms": -1202970801084.957 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-18T07:27:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-17T23:27:21Z", "ms": -1203035559020.9624 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-18T10:51:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-18T02:51:58Z", "ms": -1203023282016.4734 } }, "covered_min": 205, "window_min": 205, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-11-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-19T07:28:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-18T23:28:21Z", "ms": -1202949099123.9456 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-19T10:52:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-19T02:52:26Z", "ms": -1202936853730.4387 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 204, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 23:10 on Tue 17 Nov to 01:27 on Thu 19 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-17T15:09:34Z → 1931-11-18T17:26:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 07:27–10:52 on the 18th, 07:28–10:52 on the 19th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 205 of 205 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 204 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21702 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Navamī, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 18 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Akṣaya Navamī (Amla Navami) 1931 falls on Wednesday 18 November. Navamī runs from 23:10 on Tue 17 Nov to 01:27 on Thu 19 Nov and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/akshaya-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/durga-navami", "festival": "durga-navami", "name": "Durgā Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36689, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1931-11-17T23:09:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-17T15:09:34Z", "ms": -1203065426301.846 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-19T01:26:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-18T17:26:39Z", "ms": -1202970801084.957 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-17T23:09:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-17T15:09:34Z", "ms": -1203065426301.846 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-19T01:26:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-18T17:26:39Z", "ms": -1202970801084.957 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-17T12:10:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-17T04:10:05Z", "ms": -1203104995173.0352 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-17T12:58:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-17T04:58:05Z", "ms": -1203102115173.0352 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-11-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-18T12:10:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-18T04:10:16Z", "ms": -1203018583514.229 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-18T12:58:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-18T04:58:16Z", "ms": -1203015703514.229 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 23:10 on Tue 17 Nov to 01:27 on Thu 19 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-17T15:09:34Z → 1931-11-18T17:26:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 17th, 12:10–12:58 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 48 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 36689 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Navamī, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 18 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Durgā Navamī 1931 falls on Wednesday 18 November. Navamī runs from 23:10 on Tue 17 Nov to 01:27 on Thu 19 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/durga-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-11-20", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2438, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-11-20T04:04:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-19T20:04:57Z", "ms": -1202874902552.5112 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-21T06:49:42+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-20T22:49:42Z", "ms": -1202778617908.5952 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-20T04:04:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-19T20:04:57Z", "ms": -1202874902552.5112 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-21T06:49:42+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-20T22:49:42Z", "ms": -1202778617908.5952 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-20T07:29:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-19T23:29:21Z", "ms": -1202862639377.9727 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-20T07:29:21+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-19T23:29:21Z", "ms": -1202862639377.9727 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-11-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-21T07:30:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-20T23:30:20Z", "ms": -1202776179817.6697 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-21T07:30:20+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-20T23:30:20Z", "ms": -1202776179817.6697 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-11-21", "start": { "local": "1931-11-21T13:35:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-21T05:35:52Z", "ms": -1202754248390.6333 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-21T15:37:42+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-21T07:37:42Z", "ms": -1202746937914.9543 }, "basis": "aparahna", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-11-22T09:27:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-22T01:27:18Z", "ms": -1202682762141.0056 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-11-21T13:29:06+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-21T05:29:06Z", "ms": -1202754653966.6978 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:05 on Fri 20 Nov to 06:50 on Sat 21 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-19T20:04:57Z → 1931-11-20T22:49:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:29 on the 20th and 07:30 on the 21st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2438 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Friday 20 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Prabodhinī Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Friday 20 November. Ekādaśī runs from 04:05 on Fri 20 Nov to 06:50 on Sat 21 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-11-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-11-22", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21087, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-11-22T09:27:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-22T01:27:18Z", "ms": -1202682762141.0056 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-23T11:47:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-23T03:47:09Z", "ms": -1202587971495.9043 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-22T09:27:18+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-22T01:27:18Z", "ms": -1202682762141.0056 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-23T11:47:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-23T03:47:09Z", "ms": -1202587971495.9043 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-22T17:39:03+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-22T09:39:03Z", "ms": -1202653256953.7112 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-22T19:30:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-22T11:30:09Z", "ms": -1202646590879.3167 } }, "covered_min": 111, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-23T17:38:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-23T09:38:35Z", "ms": -1202566884616.763 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-23T19:29:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-23T11:29:53Z", "ms": -1202560207015.4102 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 09:27 on Sun 22 Nov to 11:47 on Mon 23 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-22T01:27:18Z → 1931-11-23T03:47:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:39–19:30 on the 22nd, 17:39–19:30 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 111 of 111 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 111 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21087 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 22 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Sunday 22 November. Trayodaśī runs from 09:27 on Sun 22 Nov to 11:47 on Mon 23 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-11-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/rasayatra", "festival": "rasayatra", "name": "Rāsayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32561, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1931-11-24T13:42:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-24T05:42:24Z", "ms": -1202494656244.9988 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-25T15:09:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-25T07:09:49Z", "ms": -1202403010775.3037 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-24T13:42:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-24T05:42:24Z", "ms": -1202494656244.9988 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-25T15:09:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-25T07:09:49Z", "ms": -1202403010775.3037 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-25T00:12:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-24T16:12:13Z", "ms": -1202456867277.9033 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-25T01:00:13+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-24T17:00:13Z", "ms": -1202453987277.9033 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-11-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-26T00:12:30+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-25T16:12:30Z", "ms": -1202370450182.4297 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-26T01:00:30+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-25T17:00:30Z", "ms": -1202367570182.4297 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 13:42 on Tue 24 Nov to 15:10 on Wed 25 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-24T05:42:24Z → 1931-11-25T07:09:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:12–01:00 on the 24th, 00:12–01:00 on the 25th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 32561 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāsayātrā, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 24 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rasayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rāsayātrā 1931 falls on Tuesday 24 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 13:42 on Tue 24 Nov to 15:10 on Wed 25 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/rasayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/kartiki-purnima", "festival": "kartiki-purnima", "name": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2560, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1931-11-24T13:42:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-24T05:42:24Z", "ms": -1202494656244.9988 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-25T15:09:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-25T07:09:49Z", "ms": -1202403010775.3037 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-24T13:42:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-24T05:42:24Z", "ms": -1202494656244.9988 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-25T15:09:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-25T07:09:49Z", "ms": -1202403010775.3037 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-24T12:11:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-24T04:11:43Z", "ms": -1202500096507.124 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-24T12:59:43+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-24T04:59:43Z", "ms": -1202497216507.124 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-11-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-25T12:12:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-25T04:12:01Z", "ms": -1202413679227.2603 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-25T13:00:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-25T05:00:01Z", "ms": -1202410799227.2603 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 13:42 on Tue 24 Nov to 15:10 on Wed 25 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-24T05:42:24Z → 1931-11-25T07:09:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 24th, 12:12–13:00 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 48 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2560 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 25 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kartiki-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kārtikī Pūrṇimā 1931 falls on Wednesday 25 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 13:42 on Tue 24 Nov to 15:10 on Wed 25 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/kartiki-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-11-28", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-11-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11213, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-11-28T16:48:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-28T08:48:23Z", "ms": -1202137896808.2417 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-29T16:32:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-29T08:32:37Z", "ms": -1202052442813.6033 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-11-28T16:48:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-28T08:48:23Z", "ms": -1202137896808.2417 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-29T16:32:37+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-29T08:32:37Z", "ms": -1202052442813.6033 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-11-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-28T19:55:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-28T11:55:16Z", "ms": -1202126683765.9758 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-28T19:55:16+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-28T11:55:16Z", "ms": -1202126683765.9758 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-11-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-11-29T21:00:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-29T13:00:53Z", "ms": -1202036346963.833 }, "end": { "local": "1931-11-29T21:00:53+08:00", "utc": "1931-11-29T13:00:53Z", "ms": -1202036346963.833 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:48 on Sat 28 Nov to 16:33 on Sun 29 Nov.", "fact": "1931-11-28T08:48:23Z → 1931-11-29T08:32:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:55 on the 28th and 21:01 on the 29th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 28th and is not on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11213 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 28 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-11-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1931 falls on Saturday 28 November. Caturthī runs from 16:48 on Sat 28 Nov to 16:33 on Sun 29 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-11-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-12-05", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Utpannā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-12-05", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 249, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-12-05T07:39:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-04T23:39:24Z", "ms": -1201566035724.8816 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-06T05:05:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-05T21:05:33Z", "ms": -1201488867184.0432 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-12-05T07:39:24+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-04T23:39:24Z", "ms": -1201566035724.8816 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-06T05:05:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-05T21:05:33Z", "ms": -1201488867184.0432 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-12-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-05T07:43:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-04T23:43:33Z", "ms": -1201565786695.6868 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-05T07:43:33+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-04T23:43:33Z", "ms": -1201565786695.6868 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-12-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-06T07:44:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-05T23:44:25Z", "ms": -1201479334652.2434 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-06T07:44:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-05T23:44:25Z", "ms": -1201479334652.2434 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-12-06", "start": { "local": "1931-12-06T13:39:06+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-06T05:39:06Z", "ms": -1201458054477.0435 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-06T15:37:19+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-06T07:37:19Z", "ms": -1201450961085.31 }, "basis": "aparahna", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-12-07T02:21:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-06T18:21:08Z", "ms": -1201412332385.7693 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-12-06T10:24:27+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-06T02:24:27Z", "ms": -1201469733484.4746 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 07:39 on Sat 5 Dec to 05:06 on Sun 6 Dec.", "fact": "1931-12-04T23:39:24Z → 1931-12-05T21:05:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:44 on the 5th and 07:44 on the 6th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 5th and is not on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 249 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Utpannā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Saturday 5 December.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-05", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Utpannā Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Saturday 5 December. Ekādaśī runs from 07:39 on Sat 5 Dec to 05:06 on Sun 6 Dec and is current at sunrise that day. It is 4 min 09 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-12-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-12-07", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-12-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14619, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-12-07T02:21:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-06T18:21:08Z", "ms": -1201412332385.7693 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-07T23:32:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-07T15:32:36Z", "ms": -1201336043977.7695 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-12-07T02:21:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-06T18:21:08Z", "ms": -1201412332385.7693 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-07T23:32:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-07T15:32:36Z", "ms": -1201336043977.7695 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-12-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-06T17:35:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-06T09:35:32Z", "ms": -1201443867693.5767 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-06T19:28:50+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-06T11:28:50Z", "ms": -1201437069798.4285 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-12-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-07T17:35:32+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-07T09:35:32Z", "ms": -1201357467785.291 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-07T19:28:57+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-07T11:28:57Z", "ms": -1201350663178.2786 } }, "covered_min": 113, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 02:21 on Mon 7 Dec to 23:33 on Mon 7 Dec.", "fact": "1931-12-06T18:21:08Z → 1931-12-07T15:32:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:36–19:29 on the 6th, 17:36–19:29 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 113 minutes on the 6th and 113 of 113 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14619 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 7 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Monday 7 December. Trayodaśī runs from 02:21 on Mon 7 Dec to 23:33 on Mon 7 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-12-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-12-07", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-12-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2653, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-12-07T23:32:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-07T15:32:36Z", "ms": -1201336043977.7695 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-08T20:47:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-08T12:47:52Z", "ms": -1201259527939.8354 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-12-07T23:32:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-07T15:32:36Z", "ms": -1201336043977.7695 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-08T20:47:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-08T12:47:52Z", "ms": -1201259527939.8354 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-12-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-08T00:16:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-07T16:16:49Z", "ms": -1201333390508.9941 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-08T01:04:49+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-07T17:04:49Z", "ms": -1201330510508.9941 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-12-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-09T00:17:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-08T16:17:15Z", "ms": -1201246964916.516 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-09T01:05:15+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-08T17:05:15Z", "ms": -1201244084916.516 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 23:33 on Mon 7 Dec to 20:48 on Tue 8 Dec.", "fact": "1931-12-07T15:32:36Z → 1931-12-08T12:47:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:17–01:05 on the 7th, 00:17–01:05 on the 8th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2653 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 7 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1931 falls on Monday 7 December. Caturdaśī runs from 23:33 on Mon 7 Dec to 20:48 on Tue 8 Dec and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/shivaratri?on=1931-12-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-12-13", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-12-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 756, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-12-12T13:30:50+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-12T05:30:50Z", "ms": -1200940149666.1516 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-13T13:19:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-13T05:19:44Z", "ms": -1200854416316.4307 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-12-12T13:30:50+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-12T05:30:50Z", "ms": -1200940149666.1516 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-13T13:19:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-13T05:19:44Z", "ms": -1200854416316.4307 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-12-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-12T12:18:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-12T04:18:40Z", "ms": -1200944480464.3315 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-12T13:06:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-12T05:06:40Z", "ms": -1200941600464.3315 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-12-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-13T12:19:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-13T04:19:08Z", "ms": -1200858052175.5718 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-13T13:07:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-13T05:07:08Z", "ms": -1200855172175.5718 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:31 on Sat 12 Dec to 13:20 on Sun 13 Dec.", "fact": "1931-12-12T05:30:50Z → 1931-12-13T05:19:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:19–13:07 on the 12th, 12:19–13:07 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 756 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 13 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-13", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1931 falls on Sunday 13 December. Caturthī runs from 13:31 on Sat 12 Dec to 13:20 on Sun 13 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1931-12-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "festival": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-12-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 756, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1931-12-13T13:19:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-13T05:19:44Z", "ms": -1200854416316.4307 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-14T13:57:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-14T05:57:54Z", "ms": -1200765725538.8599 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-12-13T13:19:44+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-13T05:19:44Z", "ms": -1200854416316.4307 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-14T13:57:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-14T05:57:54Z", "ms": -1200765725538.8599 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-12-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-13T12:19:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-13T04:19:08Z", "ms": -1200858052175.5718 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-13T13:07:08+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-13T05:07:08Z", "ms": -1200855172175.5718 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-12-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-14T12:19:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-14T04:19:36Z", "ms": -1200771623548.5312 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-14T13:07:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-14T05:07:36Z", "ms": -1200768743548.5312 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 13:20 on Sun 13 Dec to 13:58 on Mon 14 Dec.", "fact": "1931-12-13T05:19:44Z → 1931-12-14T05:57:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:19–13:07 on the 13th, 12:20–13:08 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 756 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa), Qingyang, 1931: Monday 14 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (2nd) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa) 1931 falls on Monday 14 December. Pañcamī runs from 13:20 on Sun 13 Dec to 13:58 on Mon 14 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/champa-shashthi", "festival": "champa-shashthi", "name": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-12-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3018, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1931-12-14T13:57:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-14T05:57:54Z", "ms": -1200765725538.8599 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-15T15:23:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-15T07:23:25Z", "ms": -1200674194586.4202 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-12-14T13:57:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-14T05:57:54Z", "ms": -1200765725538.8599 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-15T15:23:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-15T07:23:25Z", "ms": -1200674194586.4202 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-12-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-14T12:19:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-14T04:19:36Z", "ms": -1200771623548.5312 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-14T13:07:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-14T05:07:36Z", "ms": -1200768743548.5312 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-15T12:20:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-15T04:20:05Z", "ms": -1200685194616.9937 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-15T13:08:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-15T05:08:05Z", "ms": -1200682314616.9937 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 13:58 on Mon 14 Dec to 15:23 on Tue 15 Dec.", "fact": "1931-12-14T05:57:54Z → 1931-12-15T07:23:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:20–13:08 on the 14th, 12:20–13:08 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3018 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 15 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "champa-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Śatabhiṣaj nakṣatra, Vyatīpāta yoga and a Sunday; none is tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Campā Ṣaṣṭhī 1931 falls on Tuesday 15 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 13:58 on Mon 14 Dec to 15:23 on Tue 15 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/champa-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/skanda-shashthi", "festival": "skanda-shashthi", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-12-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3018, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1931-12-14T13:57:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-14T05:57:54Z", "ms": -1200765725538.8599 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-15T15:23:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-15T07:23:25Z", "ms": -1200674194586.4202 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-12-14T13:57:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-14T05:57:54Z", "ms": -1200765725538.8599 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-15T15:23:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-15T07:23:25Z", "ms": -1200674194586.4202 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-12-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-14T12:19:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-14T04:19:36Z", "ms": -1200771623548.5312 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-14T13:07:36+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-14T05:07:36Z", "ms": -1200768743548.5312 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-15T12:20:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-15T04:20:05Z", "ms": -1200685194616.9937 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-15T13:08:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-15T05:08:05Z", "ms": -1200682314616.9937 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 13:58 on Mon 14 Dec to 15:23 on Tue 15 Dec.", "fact": "1931-12-14T05:57:54Z → 1931-12-15T07:23:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:20–13:08 on the 14th, 12:20–13:08 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3018 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 15 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī 1931 falls on Tuesday 15 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 13:58 on Mon 14 Dec to 15:23 on Tue 15 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/skanda-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/mitra-saptami", "festival": "mitra-saptami", "name": "Mitra Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-12-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8120, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1931-12-15T15:23:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-15T07:23:25Z", "ms": -1200674194586.4202 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-16T17:28:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-16T09:28:52Z", "ms": -1200580268378.3525 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-12-15T15:23:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-15T07:23:25Z", "ms": -1200674194586.4202 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-16T17:28:52+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-16T09:28:52Z", "ms": -1200580268378.3525 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-15T12:20:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-15T04:20:05Z", "ms": -1200685194616.9937 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-15T13:08:05+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-15T05:08:05Z", "ms": -1200682314616.9937 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-12-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-16T12:20:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-16T04:20:35Z", "ms": -1200598765414.4502 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-16T13:08:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-16T05:08:35Z", "ms": -1200595885414.4502 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 15:23 on Tue 15 Dec to 17:29 on Wed 16 Dec.", "fact": "1931-12-15T07:23:25Z → 1931-12-16T09:28:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:20–13:08 on the 15th, 12:21–13:09 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 8120 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mitra Saptamī, Qingyang, 1931: Wednesday 16 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mitra-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Mitra saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mitra Saptamī 1931 falls on Wednesday 16 December. Saptamī runs from 15:23 on Tue 15 Dec to 17:29 on Wed 16 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/mitra-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-12-20", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-12-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15074, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-12-20T01:24:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-19T17:24:54Z", "ms": -1200292506404.8245 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-21T03:43:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-20T19:43:58Z", "ms": -1200197762254.007 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-12-20T01:24:54+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-19T17:24:54Z", "ms": -1200292506404.8245 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-21T03:43:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-20T19:43:58Z", "ms": -1200197762254.007 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-12-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-20T07:54:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-19T23:54:38Z", "ms": -1200269121730.3198 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-20T07:54:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-19T23:54:38Z", "ms": -1200269121730.3198 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-12-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-21T07:55:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-20T23:55:12Z", "ms": -1200182688172.4944 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-21T07:55:12+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-20T23:55:12Z", "ms": -1200182688172.4944 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "parana": { "local_date": "1931-12-21", "start": { "local": "1931-12-21T13:45:26+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-21T05:45:26Z", "ms": -1200161674159.2146 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-21T15:42:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-21T07:42:11Z", "ms": -1200154669488.1213 }, "basis": "aparahna", "ends_with_dvadashi": false, "dvadashi_end": { "local": "1931-12-22T05:32:42+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-21T21:32:42Z", "ms": -1200104838111.2676 }, "hari_vasara_end": { "local": "1931-12-21T10:11:09+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-21T02:11:09Z", "ms": -1200174531218.3223 } }, "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 01:25 on Sun 20 Dec to 03:44 on Mon 21 Dec.", "fact": "1931-12-19T17:24:54Z → 1931-12-20T19:43:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:55 on the 20th and 07:55 on the 21st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15074 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Sunday 20 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mokṣadā Ekādaśī 1931 falls on Sunday 20 December. Ekādaśī runs from 01:25 on Sun 20 Dec to 03:44 on Mon 21 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/ekadashi?on=1931-12-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/akhanda-dvadashi", "festival": "akhanda-dvadashi", "name": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-12-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24652, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-12-21T03:43:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-20T19:43:58Z", "ms": -1200197762254.007 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-22T05:32:42+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-21T21:32:42Z", "ms": -1200104838111.2676 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-12-21T03:43:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-20T19:43:58Z", "ms": -1200197762254.007 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-22T05:32:42+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-21T21:32:42Z", "ms": -1200104838111.2676 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-12-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-21T12:23:04+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-21T04:23:04Z", "ms": -1200166616494.7612 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-21T13:11:04+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-21T05:11:04Z", "ms": -1200163736494.7612 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-12-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-22T12:23:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-22T04:23:34Z", "ms": -1200080186358.133 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-22T13:11:34+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-22T05:11:34Z", "ms": -1200077306358.133 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 03:44 on Mon 21 Dec to 05:33 on Tue 22 Dec.", "fact": "1931-12-20T19:43:58Z → 1931-12-21T21:32:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 21st, 12:24–13:12 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24652 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 21 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akhanda-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Matsya dvadasi, Akhanda dvadasi (paraviddha), Vyanjana dvadasi & Dana dvadasi (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī 1931 falls on Monday 21 December. Dvādaśī runs from 03:44 on Mon 21 Dec to 05:33 on Tue 22 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/akhanda-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-12-22", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-12-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35972, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1931-12-22T05:32:42+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-21T21:32:42Z", "ms": -1200104838111.2676 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-23T06:45:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-22T22:45:35Z", "ms": -1200014064644.373 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-12-22T05:32:42+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-21T21:32:42Z", "ms": -1200104838111.2676 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-23T06:45:35+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-22T22:45:35Z", "ms": -1200014064644.373 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-12-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-21T17:38:55+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-21T09:38:55Z", "ms": -1200147664817.028 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-21T19:33:10+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-21T11:33:10Z", "ms": -1200140810334.657 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-12-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-22T17:39:23+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-22T09:39:23Z", "ms": -1200061236517.0215 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-22T19:33:38+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-22T11:33:38Z", "ms": -1200054381760.5999 } }, "covered_min": 114, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:33 on Tue 22 Dec to 06:46 on Wed 23 Dec.", "fact": "1931-12-21T21:32:42Z → 1931-12-22T22:45:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:39–19:33 on the 21st, 17:39–19:34 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 114 minutes on the 21st and 114 of 114 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35972 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1931: Tuesday 22 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1931 falls on Tuesday 22 December. Trayodaśī runs from 05:33 on Tue 22 Dec to 06:46 on Wed 23 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/pradosha-vrata?on=1931-12-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/dattatreyotpatti", "festival": "dattatreyotpatti", "name": "Dattātreyotpatti", "everyday": "Datta Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-12-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37053, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1931-12-24T07:21:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-23T23:21:40Z", "ms": -1199925499886.353 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-25T07:23:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-24T23:23:25Z", "ms": -1199838994503.4863 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-12-24T07:21:40+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-23T23:21:40Z", "ms": -1199925499886.353 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-25T07:23:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-24T23:23:25Z", "ms": -1199838994503.4863 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-12-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-24T17:40:25+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-24T09:40:25Z", "ms": -1199888374838.1267 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-24T19:34:39+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-24T11:34:39Z", "ms": -1199881520874.3704 } }, "covered_min": 114, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1931-12-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-25T17:40:58+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-25T09:40:58Z", "ms": -1199801941522.4553 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-25T19:35:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-25T11:35:11Z", "ms": -1199795088624.5938 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 07:22 on Thu 24 Dec to 07:23 on Fri 25 Dec.", "fact": "1931-12-23T23:21:40Z → 1931-12-24T23:23:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:40–19:35 on the 24th, 17:41–19:35 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 114 of 114 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 114 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37053 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dattātreyotpatti, Qingyang, 1931: Thursday 24 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dattatreyotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Dattatreyotpatti (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Dattātreyotpatti (Datta Jayanti) 1931 falls on Thursday 24 December. Pūrṇimā runs from 07:22 on Thu 24 Dec to 07:23 on Fri 25 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/dattatreyotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-12-28", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1931, "local_date": "1931-12-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22653, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1931-12-28T04:52:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-27T20:52:41Z", "ms": -1199588838881.3606 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-29T03:28:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-28T19:28:01Z", "ms": -1199507518886.4336 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1931-12-28T04:52:41+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-27T20:52:41Z", "ms": -1199588838881.3606 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-29T03:28:01+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-28T19:28:01Z", "ms": -1199507518886.4336 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1931-12-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-27T20:00:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-27T12:00:11Z", "ms": -1199620789072.4343 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-27T20:00:11+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-27T12:00:11Z", "ms": -1199620789072.4343 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1931-12-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1931-12-28T21:10:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-28T13:10:28Z", "ms": -1199530172359.697 }, "end": { "local": "1931-12-28T21:10:28+08:00", "utc": "1931-12-28T13:10:28Z", "ms": -1199530172359.697 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:53 on Mon 28 Dec to 03:28 on Tue 29 Dec.", "fact": "1931-12-27T20:52:41Z → 1931-12-28T19:28:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:00 on the 27th and 21:10 on the 28th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 27th and is on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22653 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1931: Monday 28 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1931-12-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1931 falls on Monday 28 December. Caturthī runs from 04:53 on Mon 28 Dec to 03:28 on Tue 29 Dec and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1931/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1931-12-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } } ], "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }