{ "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941", "place": { "id": "12359313", "slug": "qingyang", "name": "Qingyang", "region": "Gansu, China", "country": "CN", "lat": 35.70976, "lon": 107.64455, "elevation_m": 1427, "tz": "Asia/Shanghai" }, "year": 1941, "tradition": "smarta", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "rulings": [ { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-01-01", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-01-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35426, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-01-01T02:08:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-31T18:08:51Z", "ms": -915169868549.0621 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-02T02:38:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-01T18:38:58Z", "ms": -915081661602.502 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-01-01T02:08:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-31T18:08:51Z", "ms": -915169868549.0621 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-02T02:38:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-01T18:38:58Z", "ms": -915081661602.502 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-01-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-01T12:28:56+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-01T04:28:56Z", "ms": -915132664005.4207 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-01T13:16:56+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-01T05:16:56Z", "ms": -915129784005.4207 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-01-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-02T12:29:25+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-02T04:29:25Z", "ms": -915046235293.8462 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-02T13:17:25+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-02T05:17:25Z", "ms": -915043355293.8462 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 02:09 on Wed 1 Jan to 02:39 on Thu 2 Jan.", "fact": "1940-12-31T18:08:51Z → 1941-01-01T18:38:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 1st, 12:29–13:17 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35426 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 1 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1941 falls on Wednesday 1 January. Caturthī runs from 02:09 on Wed 1 Jan to 02:39 on Thu 2 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-01-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-01-09", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-01-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29101, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-01-08T16:05:18+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-08T08:05:18Z", "ms": -914514882218.2738 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-09T17:57:54+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-09T09:57:54Z", "ms": -914421725551.1815 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-01-08T16:05:18+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-08T08:05:18Z", "ms": -914514882218.2738 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-09T17:57:54+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-09T09:57:54Z", "ms": -914421725551.1815 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-01-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-08T08:00:17+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-08T00:00:17Z", "ms": -914543983390.1289 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-08T08:00:17+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-08T00:00:17Z", "ms": -914543983390.1289 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-01-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-09T08:00:14+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-09T00:00:14Z", "ms": -914457585891.6019 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-09T08:00:14+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-09T00:00:14Z", "ms": -914457585891.6019 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:05 on Wed 8 Jan to 17:58 on Thu 9 Jan.", "fact": "1941-01-08T08:05:18Z → 1941-01-09T09:57:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 08:00 on the 8th and 08:00 on the 9th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 8th and is on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29101 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 9 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Putradā Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Thursday 9 January. Ekādaśī runs from 16:05 on Wed 8 Jan to 17:58 on Thu 9 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-01-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-01-11", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-01-11", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin", "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 27, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-01-10T19:12:39+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-10T11:12:39Z", "ms": -914330841495.8427 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-11T19:46:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-11T11:46:58Z", "ms": -914242381732.4601 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-01-10T19:12:39+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-10T11:12:39Z", "ms": -914330841495.8427 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-11T19:46:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-11T11:46:58Z", "ms": -914242381732.4601 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-01-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-10T17:53:48+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-10T09:53:48Z", "ms": -914335571758.7854 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-10T19:46:38+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-10T11:46:38Z", "ms": -914328801767.1129 } }, "covered_min": 34, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-01-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-11T17:54:44+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-11T09:54:44Z", "ms": -914249116431.5874 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-11T19:47:25+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-11T11:47:25Z", "ms": -914242354939.5664 } }, "covered_min": 112, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 19:13 on Fri 10 Jan to 19:47 on Sat 11 Jan.", "fact": "1941-01-10T11:12:39Z → 1941-01-11T11:46:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:54–19:47 on the 10th, 17:55–19:47 on the 11th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 34 of 113 minutes on the 10th and 112 of 113 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 27 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 11 January.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin, tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-11", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-11", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Saturday 11 January. Trayodaśī runs from 19:13 on Fri 10 Jan to 19:47 on Sat 11 Jan and covers 112 of 113 minutes of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 34 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested. It is 0 min 27 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-01-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/bhogi", "festival": "bhogi", "name": "Bhogi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15796, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1941-01-13T22:19:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T14:19:53Z", "ms": -914060407434.0446 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-12T11:20:35+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-12T03:20:35Z", "ms": -911507965018.0433 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1941-01-13T22:19:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T14:19:53Z", "ms": -914060407434.0446 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-13T22:19:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T14:19:53Z", "ms": -914060407434.0446 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-12T17:55:40+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-12T09:55:40Z", "ms": -914162660330.6041 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-13T17:56:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T09:56:36Z", "ms": -914076203500.7827 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-13T17:56:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T09:56:36Z", "ms": -914076203500.7827 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-14T17:57:34+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-14T09:57:34Z", "ms": -913989745985.9612 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1941-01-14", "days": -1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 22:20 on Mon 13 Jan.", "fact": "1941-01-13T14:19:53Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 17:57, and the day of the 14th ends at 17:58.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 15796 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Bhogi is kept the day before Pongal: Tuesday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal − 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhogi, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "bhogi", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": -1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1941-01-12", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1941-01-12", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Bhogi 1941 falls on Monday 13 January. It is kept the day before Pongal, which falls on Tuesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 22:20 on Mon 13 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 12 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/bhogi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/makara-sankranti", "festival": "makara-sankranti", "name": "Makara Saṅkrānti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6007, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1941-01-13T22:19:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T14:19:53Z", "ms": -914060407434.0446 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-12T11:20:35+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-12T03:20:35Z", "ms": -911507965018.0433 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1941-01-13T22:19:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T14:19:53Z", "ms": -914060407434.0446 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-13T22:19:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T14:19:53Z", "ms": -914060407434.0446 } }, "kaala": "civil-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-13T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-12T16:00:00Z", "ms": -914140800000 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-14T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T16:00:00Z", "ms": -914054400000 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-14T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T16:00:00Z", "ms": -914054400000 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-15T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-14T16:00:00Z", "ms": -913968000000 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 22:20 on Mon 13 Jan.", "fact": "1941-01-13T14:19:53Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Qingyang.", "fact": "civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · Asia/Shanghai" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 6007 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Makara Saṅkrānti, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "makara-sankranti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "midnight" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1941-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1941-01-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Makara Saṅkrānti 1941 falls on Monday 13 January. The Sun enters Makara at 22:20 on Mon 13 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight. By the Tamil rule for the first day of a solar month, which gives a transit after sunset to the next day, it is 14 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/makara-sankranti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pongal", "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15796, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1941-01-13T22:19:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T14:19:53Z", "ms": -914060407434.0446 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-12T11:20:35+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-12T03:20:35Z", "ms": -911507965018.0433 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1941-01-13T22:19:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T14:19:53Z", "ms": -914060407434.0446 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-13T22:19:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T14:19:53Z", "ms": -914060407434.0446 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-12T17:55:40+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-12T09:55:40Z", "ms": -914162660330.6041 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-13T17:56:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T09:56:36Z", "ms": -914076203500.7827 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-13T17:56:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T09:56:36Z", "ms": -914076203500.7827 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-14T17:57:34+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-14T09:57:34Z", "ms": -913989745985.9612 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 22:20 on Mon 13 Jan.", "fact": "1941-01-13T14:19:53Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 17:57, and the day of the 14th ends at 17:58.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 15796 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pongal, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "pongal", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The rule that heads the solar festivals, the day \"taken to begin from midnight\" (p. 106), is not applied to Pongal. It is kept on the first day of the month of Makara as the Tamil districts count it, a transit after sunset going to the next day (p. 244); the Rashtriya Panchang prints Pongal so.", "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1941-01-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1941-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Pongal 1941 falls on Tuesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 22:20 on Mon 13 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 13 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/mattu-pongal", "festival": "mattu-pongal", "name": "Mattu Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15796, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1941-01-13T22:19:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T14:19:53Z", "ms": -914060407434.0446 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-12T11:20:35+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-12T03:20:35Z", "ms": -911507965018.0433 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1941-01-13T22:19:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T14:19:53Z", "ms": -914060407434.0446 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-13T22:19:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T14:19:53Z", "ms": -914060407434.0446 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-12T17:55:40+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-12T09:55:40Z", "ms": -914162660330.6041 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-13T17:56:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T09:56:36Z", "ms": -914076203500.7827 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-13T17:56:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-13T09:56:36Z", "ms": -914076203500.7827 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-14T17:57:34+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-14T09:57:34Z", "ms": -913989745985.9612 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1941-01-14", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 22:20 on Mon 13 Jan.", "fact": "1941-01-13T14:19:53Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 17:57, and the day of the 14th ends at 17:58.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 15796 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Mattu Pongal is kept the day after Pongal: Tuesday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mattu Pongal, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "mattu-pongal", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1941-01-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1941-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mattu Pongal 1941 falls on Wednesday 15 January. It is kept the day after Pongal, which falls on Tuesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 22:20 on Mon 13 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 14 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/mattu-pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-01-16", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-01-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23197, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-01-16T14:47:37+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-16T06:47:37Z", "ms": -913828342583.2158 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-17T12:55:52+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-17T04:55:52Z", "ms": -913748647705.222 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-01-16T14:47:37+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-16T06:47:37Z", "ms": -913828342583.2158 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-17T12:55:52+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-17T04:55:52Z", "ms": -913748647705.222 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-01-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-16T21:14:14+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-16T13:14:14Z", "ms": -913805145690.308 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-16T21:14:14+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-16T13:14:14Z", "ms": -913805145690.308 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-01-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-17T22:19:28+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-17T14:19:28Z", "ms": -913714832497.4518 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-17T22:19:28+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-17T14:19:28Z", "ms": -913714832497.4518 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:48 on Thu 16 Jan to 12:56 on Fri 17 Jan.", "fact": "1941-01-16T06:47:37Z → 1941-01-17T04:55:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:14 on the 16th and 22:19 on the 17th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 16th and is not on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23197 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 16 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1941 falls on Thursday 16 January. Caturthī runs from 14:48 on Thu 16 Jan to 12:56 on Fri 17 Jan and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-01-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-01-23", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-01-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24089, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-01-23T01:14:46+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-22T17:14:46Z", "ms": -913272313784.8273 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-23T23:29:21+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-23T15:29:21Z", "ms": -913192239174.5853 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-01-23T01:14:46+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-22T17:14:46Z", "ms": -913272313784.8273 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-23T23:29:21+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-23T15:29:21Z", "ms": -913192239174.5853 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-01-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-23T07:56:15+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-22T23:56:15Z", "ms": -913248224505.2968 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-23T07:56:15+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-22T23:56:15Z", "ms": -913248224505.2968 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-01-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-24T07:55:44+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-23T23:55:44Z", "ms": -913161855546.1727 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-24T07:55:44+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-23T23:55:44Z", "ms": -913161855546.1727 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 01:15 on Thu 23 Jan to 23:29 on Thu 23 Jan.", "fact": "1941-01-22T17:14:46Z → 1941-01-23T15:29:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:56 on the 23rd and 07:56 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 23rd and is not on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24089 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 23 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Thursday 23 January. Ekādaśī runs from 01:15 on Thu 23 Jan to 23:29 on Thu 23 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-01-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-01-25", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-01-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2122, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-01-24T21:54:11+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-24T13:54:11Z", "ms": -913111548688.2045 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-25T20:34:09+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-25T12:34:09Z", "ms": -913029950614.1399 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-01-24T21:54:11+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-24T13:54:11Z", "ms": -913111548688.2045 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-25T20:34:09+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-25T12:34:09Z", "ms": -913029950614.1399 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-01-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-24T18:07:38+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-24T10:07:38Z", "ms": -913125142428.9587 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-24T19:57:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-24T11:57:58Z", "ms": -913118521886.6364 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-25T18:08:40+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-25T10:08:40Z", "ms": -913038680169.6324 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-25T19:58:47+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-25T11:58:47Z", "ms": -913032072538.0369 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 21:54 on Fri 24 Jan to 20:34 on Sat 25 Jan.", "fact": "1941-01-24T13:54:11Z → 1941-01-25T12:34:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:08–19:58 on the 24th, 18:09–19:59 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 110 minutes on the 24th and 110 of 110 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2122 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 25 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Saturday 25 January. Trayodaśī runs from 21:54 on Fri 24 Jan to 20:34 on Sat 25 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-01-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-01-25", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-01-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14609, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-01-25T20:34:09+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-25T12:34:09Z", "ms": -913029950614.1399 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-26T19:34:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-26T11:34:58Z", "ms": -912947102073.7003 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-01-25T20:34:09+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-25T12:34:09Z", "ms": -913029950614.1399 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-26T19:34:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-26T11:34:58Z", "ms": -912947102073.7003 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-26T00:37:38+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-25T16:37:38Z", "ms": -913015341551.1489 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-26T01:25:38+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-25T17:25:38Z", "ms": -913012461551.1489 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-27T00:37:52+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-26T16:37:52Z", "ms": -912928928488.8054 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-27T01:25:52+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-26T17:25:52Z", "ms": -912926048488.8054 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 20:34 on Sat 25 Jan to 19:35 on Sun 26 Jan.", "fact": "1941-01-25T12:34:09Z → 1941-01-26T11:34:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:38–01:26 on the 25th, 00:38–01:26 on the 26th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14609 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 25 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1941 falls on Saturday 25 January. Caturdaśī runs from 20:34 on Sat 25 Jan to 19:35 on Sun 26 Jan and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-01-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/yama-tarpana", "festival": "yama-tarpana", "name": "Yama Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-01-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34220, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-01-25T20:34:09+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-25T12:34:09Z", "ms": -913029950614.1399 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-26T19:34:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-26T11:34:58Z", "ms": -912947102073.7003 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-01-25T20:34:09+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-25T12:34:09Z", "ms": -913029950614.1399 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-26T19:34:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-26T11:34:58Z", "ms": -912947102073.7003 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-26T06:04:29+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-25T22:04:29Z", "ms": -912995730564.261 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-26T07:54:37+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-25T23:54:37Z", "ms": -912989122932.6654 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-01-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-27T06:04:06+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-26T22:04:06Z", "ms": -912909353706.6167 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-27T07:54:01+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-26T23:54:01Z", "ms": -912902759240.3662 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 20:34 on Sat 25 Jan to 19:35 on Sun 26 Jan.", "fact": "1941-01-25T12:34:09Z → 1941-01-26T11:34:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 06:04–07:55 on the 26th, 06:04–07:54 on the 27th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 110 of 110 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 110 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34220 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Tarpaṇa, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 26 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Yama tarpana (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Yama Tarpaṇa 1941 falls on Sunday 26 January. Caturdaśī runs from 20:34 on Sat 25 Jan to 19:35 on Sun 26 Jan and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/yama-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ganesha-jayanti", "festival": "ganesha-jayanti", "name": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī", "everyday": "Maghi Ganesh Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-01-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26858, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-01-30T20:54:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-30T12:54:36Z", "ms": -912596724408.5721 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-31T22:45:33+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-31T14:45:33Z", "ms": -912503666912.6965 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-01-30T20:54:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-30T12:54:36Z", "ms": -912596724408.5721 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-31T22:45:33+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-31T14:45:33Z", "ms": -912503666912.6965 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-01-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-30T12:38:57+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-30T04:38:57Z", "ms": -912626462731.2491 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-30T13:26:57+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-30T05:26:57Z", "ms": -912623582731.2491 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-31T12:39:07+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-31T04:39:07Z", "ms": -912540052899.1583 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-31T13:27:07+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-31T05:27:07Z", "ms": -912537172899.1583 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:55 on Thu 30 Jan to 22:46 on Fri 31 Jan.", "fact": "1941-01-30T12:54:36Z → 1941-01-31T14:45:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:39–13:27 on the 30th, 12:39–13:27 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26858 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 31 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Gaṇeśa Jayantī (Maghi Ganesh Jayanti) 1941 falls on Friday 31 January. Caturthī runs from 20:55 on Thu 30 Jan to 22:46 on Fri 31 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ganesha-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/tila-chaturthi", "festival": "tila-chaturthi", "name": "Tila Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-01-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3103, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-01-30T20:54:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-30T12:54:36Z", "ms": -912596724408.5721 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-31T22:45:33+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-31T14:45:33Z", "ms": -912503666912.6965 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-01-30T20:54:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-30T12:54:36Z", "ms": -912596724408.5721 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-31T22:45:33+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-31T14:45:33Z", "ms": -912503666912.6965 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-01-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-30T18:13:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-30T10:13:53Z", "ms": -912606367083.1719 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-30T20:02:52+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-30T12:02:52Z", "ms": -912599827661.9922 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-31T18:14:56+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-31T10:14:56Z", "ms": -912519904373.9927 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-31T20:03:41+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-31T12:03:41Z", "ms": -912513379270.2047 } }, "covered_min": 109, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:55 on Thu 30 Jan to 22:46 on Fri 31 Jan.", "fact": "1941-01-30T12:54:36Z → 1941-01-31T14:45:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:14–20:03 on the 30th, 18:15–20:04 on the 31st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 109 minutes on the 30th and 109 of 109 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3103 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Tila Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 31 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "tila-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-01-31", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Tila Caturthī 1941 falls on Friday 31 January. Caturthī runs from 20:55 on Thu 30 Jan to 22:46 on Fri 31 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/tila-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/shri-panchami", "festival": "shri-panchami", "name": "Śrī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-02-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33506, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1941-01-31T22:45:33+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-31T14:45:33Z", "ms": -912503666912.6965 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-02T01:05:46+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-01T17:05:46Z", "ms": -912408854287.5216 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-01-31T22:45:33+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-31T14:45:33Z", "ms": -912503666912.6965 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-02T01:05:46+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-01T17:05:46Z", "ms": -912408854287.5216 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-31T12:39:07+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-31T04:39:07Z", "ms": -912540052899.1583 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-31T13:27:07+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-31T05:27:07Z", "ms": -912537172899.1583 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-01T12:39:16+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-01T04:39:16Z", "ms": -912453643904.6414 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-01T13:27:16+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-01T05:27:16Z", "ms": -912450763904.6414 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 22:46 on Fri 31 Jan to 01:06 on Sun 2 Feb.", "fact": "1941-01-31T14:45:33Z → 1941-02-01T17:05:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:39–13:27 on the 31st, 12:39–13:27 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 33506 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 1 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śrī Pañcamī 1941 falls on Saturday 1 February. Pañcamī runs from 22:46 on Fri 31 Jan to 01:06 on Sun 2 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/shri-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vasanta-panchami", "festival": "vasanta-panchami", "name": "Vasanta Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-02-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33506, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1941-01-31T22:45:33+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-31T14:45:33Z", "ms": -912503666912.6965 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-02T01:05:46+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-01T17:05:46Z", "ms": -912408854287.5216 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-01-31T22:45:33+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-31T14:45:33Z", "ms": -912503666912.6965 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-02T01:05:46+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-01T17:05:46Z", "ms": -912408854287.5216 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-01-31T12:39:07+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-31T04:39:07Z", "ms": -912540052899.1583 }, "end": { "local": "1941-01-31T13:27:07+08:00", "utc": "1941-01-31T05:27:07Z", "ms": -912537172899.1583 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-01T12:39:16+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-01T04:39:16Z", "ms": -912453643904.6414 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-01T13:27:16+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-01T05:27:16Z", "ms": -912450763904.6414 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 22:46 on Fri 31 Jan to 01:06 on Sun 2 Feb.", "fact": "1941-01-31T14:45:33Z → 1941-02-01T17:05:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:39–13:27 on the 31st, 12:39–13:27 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33506 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasanta Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 1 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasanta-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vasanta Pañcamī 1941 falls on Saturday 1 February. Pañcamī runs from 22:46 on Fri 31 Jan to 01:06 on Sun 2 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vasanta-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ratha-saptami", "festival": "ratha-saptami", "name": "Ratha Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-02-03", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1511, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1941-02-03T03:43:56+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-02T19:43:56Z", "ms": -912312963629.7305 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-04T06:25:21+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-03T22:25:21Z", "ms": -912216879189.602 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-02-03T03:43:56+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-02T19:43:56Z", "ms": -912312963629.7305 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-04T06:25:21+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-03T22:25:21Z", "ms": -912216879189.602 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-02-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-03T06:00:44+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-02T22:00:44Z", "ms": -912304756068.8005 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-03T07:49:00+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-02T23:49:00Z", "ms": -912298260212.8733 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-02-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-04T06:00:09+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-03T22:00:09Z", "ms": -912218390544.657 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-04T07:48:10+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-03T23:48:10Z", "ms": -912211909604.1521 } }, "covered_min": 25, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 03:44 on Mon 3 Feb to 06:25 on Tue 4 Feb.", "fact": "1941-02-02T19:43:56Z → 1941-02-03T22:25:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 06:01–07:49 on the 3rd, 06:00–07:48 on the 4th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 108 of 108 minutes on the 3rd and 25 of 108 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both dawns qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1511 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ratha Saptamī, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 3 February.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ratha-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Ratha saptami (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise), Acala saptami, Vidhana saptami, Arogya saptami [purvaviddha]." } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-03", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-03", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ratha Saptamī 1941 falls on Monday 3 February. Saptamī runs from 03:44 on Mon 3 Feb to 06:25 on Tue 4 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn. It also reaches the next dawn for 25 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ratha-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-02-08", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Jayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-02-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16326, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-02-07T12:17:39+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-07T04:17:39Z", "ms": -911936541238.7252 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-08T12:55:26+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-08T04:55:26Z", "ms": -911847874391.4707 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-02-07T12:17:39+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-07T04:17:39Z", "ms": -911936541238.7252 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-08T12:55:26+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-08T04:55:26Z", "ms": -911847874391.4707 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-07T07:45:33+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-06T23:45:33Z", "ms": -911952866759.8268 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-07T07:45:33+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-06T23:45:33Z", "ms": -911952866759.8268 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-02-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-08T07:44:38+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-07T23:44:38Z", "ms": -911866522036.9847 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-08T07:44:38+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-07T23:44:38Z", "ms": -911866522036.9847 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:18 on Fri 7 Feb to 12:55 on Sat 8 Feb.", "fact": "1941-02-07T04:17:39Z → 1941-02-08T04:55:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:46 on the 7th and 07:45 on the 8th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 7th and is on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16326 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jayā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 8 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Jayā Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Saturday 8 February. Ekādaśī runs from 12:18 on Fri 7 Feb to 12:55 on Sat 8 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-02-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/bhishma-dvadashi", "festival": "bhishma-dvadashi", "name": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-02-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 427, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-02-08T12:55:26+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-08T04:55:26Z", "ms": -911847874391.4707 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-09T12:47:05+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-09T04:47:05Z", "ms": -911761975177.4966 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-02-08T12:55:26+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-08T04:55:26Z", "ms": -911847874391.4707 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-09T12:47:05+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-09T04:47:05Z", "ms": -911761975177.4966 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-02-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-08T12:39:56+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-08T04:39:56Z", "ms": -911848804386.7533 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-08T13:27:56+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-08T05:27:56Z", "ms": -911845924386.7533 } }, "covered_min": 33, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-02-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-09T12:39:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-09T04:39:58Z", "ms": -911762402045.1748 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-09T13:27:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-09T05:27:58Z", "ms": -911759522045.1748 } }, "covered_min": 7, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 12:55 on Sat 8 Feb to 12:47 on Sun 9 Feb.", "fact": "1941-02-08T04:55:26Z → 1941-02-09T04:47:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:40–13:28 on the 8th, 12:40–13:28 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 33 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 7 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 427 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 8 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhishma-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Bhisma dvadasi (purvaviddha), Amalaki dvadasi, Santana dvadasi, Varaha dvadasi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Bhīṣma Dvādaśī 1941 falls on Saturday 8 February. Dvādaśī runs from 12:55 on Sat 8 Feb to 12:47 on Sun 9 Feb and covers 33 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 7 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/bhishma-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-02-09", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-02-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20230, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-02-09T12:47:05+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-09T04:47:05Z", "ms": -911761975177.4966 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-10T11:55:22+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-10T03:55:22Z", "ms": -911678677795.7373 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-02-09T12:47:05+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-09T04:47:05Z", "ms": -911761975177.4966 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-10T11:55:22+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-10T03:55:22Z", "ms": -911678677795.7373 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-02-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-09T18:24:15+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-09T10:24:15Z", "ms": -911741745383.4059 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-09T20:10:42+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-09T12:10:42Z", "ms": -911735357563.8226 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-10T18:25:16+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-10T10:25:16Z", "ms": -911655284277.6492 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-10T20:11:27+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-10T12:11:27Z", "ms": -911648912519.5354 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 12:47 on Sun 9 Feb to 11:55 on Mon 10 Feb.", "fact": "1941-02-09T04:47:05Z → 1941-02-10T03:55:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:24–20:11 on the 9th, 18:25–20:11 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 106 of 106 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 106 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20230 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 9 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Sunday 9 February. Trayodaśī runs from 12:47 on Sun 9 Feb to 11:55 on Mon 10 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-02-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/maghi-purnima", "festival": "maghi-purnima", "name": "Māghī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-02-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8041, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1941-02-11T10:25:59+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-11T02:25:59Z", "ms": -911597640555.6705 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-12T08:26:24+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-12T00:26:24Z", "ms": -911518416383.7721 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-02-11T10:25:59+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-11T02:25:59Z", "ms": -911597640555.6705 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-12T08:26:24+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-12T00:26:24Z", "ms": -911518416383.7721 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-11T12:40:00+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-11T04:40:00Z", "ms": -911589599761.113 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-11T13:28:00+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-11T05:28:00Z", "ms": -911586719761.113 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-02-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-12T12:40:00+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-12T04:40:00Z", "ms": -911503199794.3506 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-12T13:28:00+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-12T05:28:00Z", "ms": -911500319794.3506 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 10:26 on Tue 11 Feb to 08:26 on Wed 12 Feb.", "fact": "1941-02-11T02:25:59Z → 1941-02-12T00:26:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:40–13:28 on the 11th, 12:40–13:28 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 8041 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Māghī Pūrṇimā, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 11 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maghi-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Maghi purnima (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Māghī Pūrṇimā 1941 falls on Tuesday 11 February. Pūrṇimā runs from 10:26 on Tue 11 Feb to 08:26 on Wed 12 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/maghi-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-02-14", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-02-14", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 761, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-02-15T00:48:08+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-14T16:48:08Z", "ms": -911286712496.0837 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-15T22:07:41+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-15T14:07:41Z", "ms": -911209938863.2428 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-02-15T00:48:08+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-14T16:48:08Z", "ms": -911286712496.0837 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-15T22:07:41+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-15T14:07:41Z", "ms": -911209938863.2428 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-14T21:12:45+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-14T13:12:45Z", "ms": -911299634943.9131 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-14T21:12:45+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-14T13:12:45Z", "ms": -911299634943.9131 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-02-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-15T22:20:22+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-15T14:20:22Z", "ms": -911209178209.0892 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-15T22:20:22+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-15T14:20:22Z", "ms": -911209178209.0892 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:48 on Sat 15 Feb to 22:08 on Sat 15 Feb.", "fact": "1941-02-14T16:48:08Z → 1941-02-15T14:07:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:13 on the 14th and 22:20 on the 15th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 14th and is not on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 761 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 14 February.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-14", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-14", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1941 falls on Friday 14 February. Caturthī runs from 00:48 on Sat 15 Feb to 22:08 on Sat 15 Feb, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-02-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-02-22", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Vijayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-02-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8371, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-02-21T10:35:31+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-21T02:35:31Z", "ms": -910733068630.6029 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-22T09:49:05+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-22T01:49:05Z", "ms": -910649455072.5363 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-02-21T10:35:31+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-21T02:35:31Z", "ms": -910733068630.6029 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-22T09:49:05+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-22T01:49:05Z", "ms": -910649455072.5363 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-02-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-21T07:30:45+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-20T23:30:45Z", "ms": -910744154875.1594 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-21T07:30:45+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-20T23:30:45Z", "ms": -910744154875.1594 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-02-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-22T07:29:33+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-21T23:29:33Z", "ms": -910657826527.3138 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-22T07:29:33+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-21T23:29:33Z", "ms": -910657826527.3138 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:36 on Fri 21 Feb to 09:49 on Sat 22 Feb.", "fact": "1941-02-21T02:35:31Z → 1941-02-22T01:49:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:31 on the 21st and 07:30 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 8371 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 22 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vijayā Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Saturday 22 February. Ekādaśī runs from 10:36 on Fri 21 Feb to 09:49 on Sat 22 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-02-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-02-23", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-02-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32913, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-02-23T09:26:49+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-23T01:26:49Z", "ms": -910564390962.5599 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-24T09:30:28+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-24T01:30:28Z", "ms": -910477771861.0084 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-02-23T09:26:49+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-23T01:26:49Z", "ms": -910564390962.5599 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-24T09:30:28+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-24T01:30:28Z", "ms": -910477771861.0084 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-02-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-23T18:38:04+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-23T10:38:04Z", "ms": -910531315574.1376 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-23T20:20:37+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-23T12:20:37Z", "ms": -910525163173.449 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-02-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-24T18:39:01+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-24T10:39:01Z", "ms": -910444858596.8405 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-24T20:21:16+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-24T12:21:16Z", "ms": -910438723703.9178 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 09:27 on Sun 23 Feb to 09:30 on Mon 24 Feb.", "fact": "1941-02-23T01:26:49Z → 1941-02-24T01:30:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:38–20:21 on the 23rd, 18:39–20:21 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 103 of 103 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 102 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32913 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 23 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Sunday 23 February. Trayodaśī runs from 09:27 on Sun 23 Feb to 09:30 on Mon 24 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-02-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/maha-shivaratri", "festival": "maha-shivaratri", "name": "Mahāśivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-02-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29032, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-02-24T09:30:28+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-24T01:30:28Z", "ms": -910477771861.0084 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-25T10:01:45+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-25T02:01:45Z", "ms": -910389495432.5144 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-02-24T09:30:28+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-24T01:30:28Z", "ms": -910477771861.0084 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-25T10:01:45+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-25T02:01:45Z", "ms": -910389495432.5144 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-02-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-24T00:38:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-23T16:38:36Z", "ms": -910509684071.5553 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-24T01:26:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-23T17:26:36Z", "ms": -910506804071.5553 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-02-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-02-25T00:38:27+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-24T16:38:27Z", "ms": -910423292748.3809 }, "end": { "local": "1941-02-25T01:26:27+08:00", "utc": "1941-02-24T17:26:27Z", "ms": -910420412748.3809 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 09:30 on Mon 24 Feb to 10:02 on Tue 25 Feb.", "fact": "1941-02-24T01:30:28Z → 1941-02-25T02:01:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:39–01:27 on the 23rd, 00:38–01:26 on the 24th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 29032 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāśivarātri, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 24 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maha-shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day" } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-02-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mahāśivarātri 1941 falls on Monday 24 February. Caturdaśī runs from 09:30 on Mon 24 Feb to 10:02 on Tue 25 Feb and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/maha-shivaratri", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-03-02", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-03-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12057, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-03-01T16:47:11+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-01T08:47:11Z", "ms": -910019568691.7698 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-02T19:22:26+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-02T11:22:26Z", "ms": -909923854204.1693 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-03-01T16:47:11+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-01T08:47:11Z", "ms": -910019568691.7698 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-02T19:22:26+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-02T11:22:26Z", "ms": -909923854204.1693 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-03-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-01T12:38:14+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-01T04:38:14Z", "ms": -910034505512.6265 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-01T13:26:14+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-01T05:26:14Z", "ms": -910031625512.6265 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-03-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-02T12:38:03+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-02T04:38:03Z", "ms": -909948117141.4631 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-02T13:26:03+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-02T05:26:03Z", "ms": -909945237141.4631 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:47 on Sat 1 Mar to 19:22 on Sun 2 Mar.", "fact": "1941-03-01T08:47:11Z → 1941-03-02T11:22:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:38–13:26 on the 1st, 12:38–13:26 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12057 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 2 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1941 falls on Sunday 2 March. Caturthī runs from 16:47 on Sat 1 Mar to 19:22 on Sun 2 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-03-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-03-09", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-03-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5762, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-03-09T05:34:02+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-08T21:34:02Z", "ms": -909368757955.6326 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-10T04:55:15+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-09T20:55:15Z", "ms": -909284684922.5018 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-03-09T05:34:02+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-08T21:34:02Z", "ms": -909368757955.6326 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-10T04:55:15+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-09T20:55:15Z", "ms": -909284684922.5018 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-03-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-09T07:10:04+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-08T23:10:04Z", "ms": -909362995661.1055 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-09T07:10:04+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-08T23:10:04Z", "ms": -909362995661.1055 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-03-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-10T07:08:41+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-09T23:08:41Z", "ms": -909276678550.4052 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-10T07:08:41+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-09T23:08:41Z", "ms": -909276678550.4052 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:34 on Sun 9 Mar to 04:55 on Mon 10 Mar.", "fact": "1941-03-08T21:34:02Z → 1941-03-09T20:55:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:10 on the 9th and 07:09 on the 10th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 9th and is not on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5762 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 9 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Āmalakī Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Sunday 9 March. Ekādaśī runs from 05:34 on Sun 9 Mar to 04:55 on Mon 10 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-03-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-03-11", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-03-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17733, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-03-11T03:30:42+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-10T19:30:42Z", "ms": -909203357622.7882 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-12T01:25:56+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-11T17:25:56Z", "ms": -909124444267.7666 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-03-11T03:30:42+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-10T19:30:42Z", "ms": -909203357622.7882 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-12T01:25:56+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-11T17:25:56Z", "ms": -909124444267.7666 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-03-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-10T18:51:44+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-10T10:51:44Z", "ms": -909234495693.9274 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-10T20:29:49+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-10T12:29:49Z", "ms": -909228611185.7583 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-03-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-11T18:52:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-11T10:52:36Z", "ms": -909148043522.0591 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-11T20:30:23+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-11T12:30:23Z", "ms": -909142177135.9296 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 03:31 on Tue 11 Mar to 01:26 on Wed 12 Mar.", "fact": "1941-03-10T19:30:42Z → 1941-03-11T17:25:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:52–20:30 on the 10th, 18:53–20:30 on the 11th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 98 minutes on the 10th and 98 of 98 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17733 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 11 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Tuesday 11 March. Trayodaśī runs from 03:31 on Tue 11 Mar to 01:26 on Wed 12 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-03-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/holika-dahana", "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-03-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3143, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1941-03-12T22:48:24+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-12T14:48:24Z", "ms": -909047496461.118 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-13T19:46:43+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-13T11:46:43Z", "ms": -908971997140.2184 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-03-12T22:48:24+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-12T14:48:24Z", "ms": -909047496461.118 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-13T19:46:43+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-13T11:46:43Z", "ms": -908971997140.2184 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-03-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-12T16:31:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-12T08:31:58Z", "ms": -909070082413.5406 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-12T18:53:28+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-12T10:53:28Z", "ms": -909061591610.4039 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 142, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-03-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-13T16:32:22+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-13T08:32:22Z", "ms": -908983657904.6409 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-13T18:54:20+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-13T10:54:20Z", "ms": -908975139944.0662 } }, "covered_min": 142, "window_min": 142, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 22:48 on Wed 12 Mar to 19:47 on Thu 13 Mar.", "fact": "1941-03-12T14:48:24Z → 1941-03-13T11:46:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:32–18:53 on the 12th, 16:32–18:54 on the 13th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 142 minutes on the 12th and 142 of 142 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3143 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holikā Dahana, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 13 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holika-dahana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "not_evaluated": "The hour the row gives for the rite (\"it should be observed on second half of purnima at night\") is not tested: sāyāhna alone settles the day.", "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Holikā Dahana 1941 falls on Thursday 13 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 22:48 on Wed 12 Mar to 19:47 on Thu 13 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/holika-dahana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/holi", "festival": "holi", "name": "Holī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-03-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3143, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1941-03-12T22:48:24+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-12T14:48:24Z", "ms": -909047496461.118 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-13T19:46:43+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-13T11:46:43Z", "ms": -908971997140.2184 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-03-12T22:48:24+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-12T14:48:24Z", "ms": -909047496461.118 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-13T19:46:43+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-13T11:46:43Z", "ms": -908971997140.2184 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-03-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-12T16:31:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-12T08:31:58Z", "ms": -909070082413.5406 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-12T18:53:28+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-12T10:53:28Z", "ms": -909061591610.4039 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 142, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-03-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-13T16:32:22+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-13T08:32:22Z", "ms": -908983657904.6409 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-13T18:54:20+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-13T10:54:20Z", "ms": -908975139944.0662 } }, "covered_min": 142, "window_min": 142, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "local_date": "1941-03-13", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 22:48 on Wed 12 Mar to 19:47 on Thu 13 Mar.", "fact": "1941-03-12T14:48:24Z → 1941-03-13T11:46:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:32–18:53 on the 12th, 16:32–18:54 on the 13th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 142 minutes on the 12th and 142 of 142 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3143 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Holī is kept the day after Holikā Dahana: Thursday 13 March is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: holika-dahana + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holī, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 14 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holi", "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Holī 1941 falls on Friday 14 March. It is kept the day after Holikā Dahana, which falls on Thursday 13 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 22:48 on Wed 12 Mar to 19:47 on Thu 13 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna on the 13th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/holi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vasantotsava", "festival": "vasantotsava", "name": "Vasantotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-03-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34016, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 15, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1941-03-13T19:46:43+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-13T11:46:43Z", "ms": -908971997140.2184 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-14T16:30:02+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-14T08:30:02Z", "ms": -908897397821.3312 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-03-13T19:46:43+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-13T11:46:43Z", "ms": -908971997140.2184 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-14T16:30:02+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-14T08:30:02Z", "ms": -908897397821.3312 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-03-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-13T07:04:30+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-12T23:04:30Z", "ms": -909017729746.9397 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-13T07:04:30+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-12T23:04:30Z", "ms": -909017729746.9397 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-03-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-14T07:03:06+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-13T23:03:06Z", "ms": -908931414211.6353 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-14T07:03:06+08:00", "utc": "1941-03-13T23:03:06Z", "ms": -908931414211.6353 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 19:47 on Thu 13 Mar to 16:30 on Fri 14 Mar.", "fact": "1941-03-13T11:46:43Z → 1941-03-14T08:30:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:05 on the 13th and 07:03 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 13th and is on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 34016 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasantotsava, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 14 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasantotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 1 Vasantotsava (current at sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vasantotsava 1941 falls on Friday 14 March. Pratipadā runs from 19:47 on Thu 13 Mar to 16:30 on Fri 14 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vasantotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-03-16", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-03-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30015, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-03-16T10:48:14+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-16T01:48:14Z", "ms": -908748706103.8468 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-17T07:40:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-16T22:40:24Z", "ms": -908673576208.1602 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-03-16T10:48:14+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-16T01:48:14Z", "ms": -908748706103.8468 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-17T07:40:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-16T22:40:24Z", "ms": -908673576208.1602 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-03-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-15T22:10:47+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-15T13:10:47Z", "ms": -908794152788.8597 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-15T22:10:47+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-15T13:10:47Z", "ms": -908794152788.8597 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-03-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-16T23:20:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-16T14:20:09Z", "ms": -908703591159.9464 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-16T23:20:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-16T14:20:09Z", "ms": -908703591159.9464 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 10:48 on Sun 16 Mar to 07:40 on Mon 17 Mar.", "fact": "1941-03-16T01:48:14Z → 1941-03-16T22:40:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:11 on the 15th and 23:20 on the 16th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 15th and is on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30015 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 16 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1941 falls on Sunday 16 March. Caturthī runs from 10:48 on Sun 16 Mar to 07:40 on Mon 17 Mar and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-03-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/shitalashtami", "festival": "shitalashtami", "name": "Śītalāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-03-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32086, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1941-03-20T00:35:16+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-19T15:35:16Z", "ms": -908439884031.916 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-20T23:16:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-20T14:16:11Z", "ms": -908358228742.7915 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-03-20T00:35:16+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-19T15:35:16Z", "ms": -908439884031.916 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-20T23:16:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-20T14:16:11Z", "ms": -908358228742.7915 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-03-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-19T13:33:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-19T04:33:43Z", "ms": -908479577340.7336 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-19T14:21:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-19T05:21:43Z", "ms": -908476697340.7336 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-03-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-20T13:33:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-20T04:33:25Z", "ms": -908393195055.0009 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-20T14:21:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-20T05:21:25Z", "ms": -908390315055.0009 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 00:35 on Thu 20 Mar to 23:16 on Thu 20 Mar.", "fact": "1941-03-19T15:35:16Z → 1941-03-20T14:16:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:34–14:22 on the 19th, 13:33–14:21 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 32086 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 20 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitalashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Sitalastami, (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śītalāṣṭamī 1941 falls on Thursday 20 March. Aṣṭamī runs from 00:35 on Thu 20 Mar to 23:16 on Thu 20 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/shitalashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-03-23", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-03-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32288, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-03-22T22:24:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-22T13:24:38Z", "ms": -908188521794.9933 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-23T22:50:41+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-23T13:50:41Z", "ms": -908100558627.1328 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-03-22T22:24:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-22T13:24:38Z", "ms": -908188521794.9933 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-23T22:50:41+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-23T13:50:41Z", "ms": -908100558627.1328 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-23T07:50:16+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-22T22:50:16Z", "ms": -908154584431.8611 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-23T07:50:16+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-22T22:50:16Z", "ms": -908154584431.8611 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-24T07:48:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-23T22:48:49Z", "ms": -908068270559.8528 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-24T07:48:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-23T22:48:49Z", "ms": -908068270559.8528 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 22:25 on Sat 22 Mar to 22:51 on Sun 23 Mar.", "fact": "1941-03-22T13:24:38Z → 1941-03-23T13:50:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:50 on the 23rd and 07:49 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 23rd and is not on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 32288 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 23 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Sunday 23 March. Ekādaśī runs from 22:25 on Sat 22 Mar to 22:51 on Sun 23 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-03-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-03-25", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-03-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7846, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-03-24T23:48:13+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-24T14:48:13Z", "ms": -908010707391.7915 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-26T01:13:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-25T16:13:51Z", "ms": -907919169079.2935 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-03-24T23:48:13+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-24T14:48:13Z", "ms": -908010707391.7915 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-26T01:13:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-25T16:13:51Z", "ms": -907919169079.2935 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-24T20:03:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-24T11:03:37Z", "ms": -908024183342.6714 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-24T21:37:27+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-24T12:37:27Z", "ms": -908018553122.6455 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-25T20:04:27+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-25T11:04:27Z", "ms": -907937733494.4154 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-25T21:37:59+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-25T12:37:59Z", "ms": -907932121402.2024 } }, "covered_min": 94, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:48 on Mon 24 Mar to 01:14 on Wed 26 Mar.", "fact": "1941-03-24T14:48:13Z → 1941-03-25T16:13:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:04–21:37 on the 24th, 20:04–21:38 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 94 minutes on the 24th and 94 of 94 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7846 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 25 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Tuesday 25 March. Trayodaśī runs from 23:48 on Mon 24 Mar to 01:14 on Wed 26 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-03-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-03-25", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-03-25", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1041, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-03-26T01:13:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-25T16:13:51Z", "ms": -907919169079.2935 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-27T03:03:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-26T18:03:46Z", "ms": -907826174078.5068 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-03-26T01:13:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-25T16:13:51Z", "ms": -907919169079.2935 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-27T03:03:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-26T18:03:46Z", "ms": -907826174078.5068 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-26T01:31:12+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-25T16:31:12Z", "ms": -907918128148.6165 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-26T02:19:12+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-25T17:19:12Z", "ms": -907915248148.6165 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-03-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-27T01:30:54+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-26T16:30:54Z", "ms": -907831746298.6674 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-27T02:18:54+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-26T17:18:54Z", "ms": -907828866298.6674 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 01:14 on Wed 26 Mar to 03:04 on Thu 27 Mar.", "fact": "1941-03-25T16:13:51Z → 1941-03-26T18:03:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:31–02:19 on the 25th, 01:31–02:19 on the 26th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both nights qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1041 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 25 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-25", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-25", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1941 falls on Tuesday 25 March. Caturdaśī runs from 01:14 on Wed 26 Mar to 03:04 on Thu 27 Mar and covers all of niśītha that night. It also reaches the next night for 48 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-03-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "festival": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "name": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra)", "everyday": "Chaitra Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-03-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21113, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1941-03-28T05:13:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-27T20:13:42Z", "ms": -907731978034.2839 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-29T07:38:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-28T22:38:49Z", "ms": -907636870975.8256 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-03-28T05:13:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-27T20:13:42Z", "ms": -907731978034.2839 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-29T07:38:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-28T22:38:49Z", "ms": -907636870975.8256 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-03-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-28T13:31:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-28T04:31:00Z", "ms": -907702139646.5559 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-28T14:19:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-28T05:19:00Z", "ms": -907699259646.5559 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-03-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-29T13:30:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-29T04:30:42Z", "ms": -907615757817.2283 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-29T14:18:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-29T05:18:42Z", "ms": -907612877817.2283 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 05:14 on Fri 28 Mar to 07:39 on Sat 29 Mar.", "fact": "1941-03-27T20:13:42Z → 1941-03-28T22:38:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:31–14:19 on the 28th, 13:31–14:19 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21113 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra), Qingyang, 1941: Friday 28 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Navarātrārambha (Caitra) (Chaitra Navratri) 1941 falls on Friday 28 March. Pratipadā runs from 05:14 on Fri 28 Mar to 07:39 on Sat 29 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/gauri-tritiya", "festival": "gauri-tritiya", "name": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Gangaur", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-03-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2373, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1941-03-30T10:13:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-30T01:13:24Z", "ms": -907541195818.5499 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-31T12:50:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-31T03:50:33Z", "ms": -907445367402.0247 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-03-30T10:13:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-30T01:13:24Z", "ms": -907541195818.5499 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-31T12:50:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-31T03:50:33Z", "ms": -907445367402.0247 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-03-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-30T13:30:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-30T04:30:24Z", "ms": -907529375953.3071 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-30T14:18:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-30T05:18:24Z", "ms": -907526495953.3071 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-31T13:30:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-31T04:30:06Z", "ms": -907442994038.1355 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-31T14:18:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-31T05:18:06Z", "ms": -907440114038.1355 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 10:13 on Sun 30 Mar to 12:51 on Mon 31 Mar.", "fact": "1941-03-30T01:13:24Z → 1941-03-31T03:50:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:30–14:18 on the 30th, 13:30–14:18 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2373 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 30 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gauri-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-30", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Gaurī Tṛtīyā (Gangaur) 1941 falls on Sunday 30 March. Tṛtīyā runs from 10:13 on Sun 30 Mar to 12:51 on Mon 31 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/gauri-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-03-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2373, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1941-03-30T10:13:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-30T01:13:24Z", "ms": -907541195818.5499 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-31T12:50:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-31T03:50:33Z", "ms": -907445367402.0247 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-03-30T10:13:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-30T01:13:24Z", "ms": -907541195818.5499 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-31T12:50:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-31T03:50:33Z", "ms": -907445367402.0247 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-03-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-30T13:30:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-30T04:30:24Z", "ms": -907529375953.3071 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-30T14:18:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-30T05:18:24Z", "ms": -907526495953.3071 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-31T13:30:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-31T04:30:06Z", "ms": -907442994038.1355 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-31T14:18:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-31T05:18:06Z", "ms": -907440114038.1355 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 10:13 on Sun 30 Mar to 12:51 on Mon 31 Mar.", "fact": "1941-03-30T01:13:24Z → 1941-03-31T03:50:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:30–14:18 on the 30th, 13:30–14:18 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2373 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 30 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata 1941 falls on Sunday 30 March. Tṛtīyā runs from 10:13 on Sun 30 Mar to 12:51 on Mon 31 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-03-31", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-03-31", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2373, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-03-31T12:50:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-31T03:50:33Z", "ms": -907445367402.0247 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-01T15:22:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-01T06:22:00Z", "ms": -907349880277.8888 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-03-31T12:50:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-31T03:50:33Z", "ms": -907445367402.0247 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-01T15:22:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-01T06:22:00Z", "ms": -907349880277.8888 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-03-31T13:30:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-31T04:30:06Z", "ms": -907442994038.1355 }, "end": { "local": "1941-03-31T14:18:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-03-31T05:18:06Z", "ms": -907440114038.1355 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-01T13:29:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-01T04:29:48Z", "ms": -907356612054.989 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-01T14:17:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-01T05:17:48Z", "ms": -907353732054.989 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:51 on Mon 31 Mar to 15:22 on Tue 1 Apr.", "fact": "1941-03-31T03:50:33Z → 1941-04-01T06:22:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:30–14:18 on the 31st, 13:30–14:18 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 2373 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 31 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-03-31", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-01", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1941 falls on Monday 31 March. Caturthī runs from 12:51 on Mon 31 Mar to 15:22 on Tue 1 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-03-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/lakshmi-panchami", "festival": "lakshmi-panchami", "name": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-04-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3852, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1941-04-01T15:22:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-01T06:22:00Z", "ms": -907349880277.8888 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-02T17:38:26+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-02T08:38:26Z", "ms": -907255294335.487 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-04-01T15:22:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-01T06:22:00Z", "ms": -907349880277.8888 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-02T17:38:26+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-02T08:38:26Z", "ms": -907255294335.487 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-01T13:29:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-01T04:29:48Z", "ms": -907356612054.989 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-01T14:17:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-01T05:17:48Z", "ms": -907353732054.989 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-04-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-02T13:29:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-02T04:29:30Z", "ms": -907270229987.0488 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-02T14:17:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-02T05:17:30Z", "ms": -907267349987.0488 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 15:22 on Tue 1 Apr to 17:38 on Wed 2 Apr.", "fact": "1941-04-01T06:22:00Z → 1941-04-02T08:38:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:30–14:18 on the 1st, 13:30–14:18 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3852 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 2 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "lakshmi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri pancami or Laksmi pancami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Lakṣmī Pañcamī 1941 falls on Wednesday 2 April. Pañcamī runs from 15:22 on Tue 1 Apr to 17:38 on Wed 2 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/lakshmi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/bhavani-utpatti", "festival": "bhavani-utpatti", "name": "Bhavānī Utpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-04-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23463, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1941-04-04T20:47:57+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-04T11:47:57Z", "ms": -907071122877.6187 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-05T21:24:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-05T12:24:39Z", "ms": -906982520678.8453 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-04-04T20:47:57+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-04T11:47:57Z", "ms": -907071122877.6187 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-05T21:24:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-05T12:24:39Z", "ms": -906982520678.8453 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-04T13:28:54+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-04T04:28:54Z", "ms": -907097465528.8215 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-04T14:16:54+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-04T05:16:54Z", "ms": -907094585528.8215 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-05T13:28:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-05T04:28:37Z", "ms": -907011083104.0604 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-05T14:16:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-05T05:16:37Z", "ms": -907008203104.0604 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 20:48 on Fri 4 Apr to 21:25 on Sat 5 Apr.", "fact": "1941-04-04T11:47:57Z → 1941-04-05T12:24:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:29–14:17 on the 4th, 13:29–14:17 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 23463 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhavānī Utpatti, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 5 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhavani-utpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Annapurna puja (Beng.) (paraviddha), Bhavani-utpatti (paraviddha), Asokastami (Special when combined with naks. Punarvasu and Wednesday, after mid-day)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Bhavānī Utpatti 1941 falls on Saturday 5 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 20:48 on Fri 4 Apr to 21:25 on Sat 5 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/bhavani-utpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/rama-navami", "festival": "rama-navami", "name": "Rāma Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-04-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25158, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1941-04-05T21:24:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-05T12:24:39Z", "ms": -906982520678.8453 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-06T21:15:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-06T12:15:37Z", "ms": -906896662910.1144 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-04-05T21:24:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-05T12:24:39Z", "ms": -906982520678.8453 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-06T21:15:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-06T12:15:37Z", "ms": -906896662910.1144 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-05T13:28:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-05T04:28:37Z", "ms": -907011083104.0604 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-05T14:16:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-05T05:16:37Z", "ms": -907008203104.0604 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-06T13:28:19+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-06T04:28:19Z", "ms": -906924700525.3967 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-06T14:16:19+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-06T05:16:19Z", "ms": -906921820525.3967 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 21:25 on Sat 5 Apr to 21:16 on Sun 6 Apr.", "fact": "1941-04-05T12:24:39Z → 1941-04-06T12:15:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:29–14:17 on the 5th, 13:28–14:16 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25158 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāma Navamī, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 6 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rama-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Ramanavami (madhyahnavyapini, special with Punarvasu naks.), Rama jayanti." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special when it falls with Punarvasu nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rāma Navamī 1941 falls on Sunday 6 April. Navamī runs from 21:25 on Sat 5 Apr to 21:16 on Sun 6 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/rama-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-04-08", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-04-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 40087, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-04-07T20:19:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-07T11:19:25Z", "ms": -906813635495.5315 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-08T18:37:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-08T09:37:44Z", "ms": -906733335601.6934 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-04-07T20:19:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-07T11:19:25Z", "ms": -906813635495.5315 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-08T18:37:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-08T09:37:44Z", "ms": -906733335601.6934 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-08T07:27:32+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-07T22:27:32Z", "ms": -906773548017.7839 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-08T07:27:32+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-07T22:27:32Z", "ms": -906773548017.7839 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-09T07:26:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-08T22:26:09Z", "ms": -906687230972.1914 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-09T07:26:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-08T22:26:09Z", "ms": -906687230972.1914 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:19 on Mon 7 Apr to 18:38 on Tue 8 Apr.", "fact": "1941-04-07T11:19:25Z → 1941-04-08T09:37:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:28 on the 8th and 07:26 on the 9th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 8th and is not on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 40087 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 8 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kāmadā Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Tuesday 8 April. Ekādaśī runs from 20:19 on Mon 7 Apr to 18:38 on Tue 8 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-04-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-04-09", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-04-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14503, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-04-09T16:15:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-09T07:15:05Z", "ms": -906655495178.4967 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-10T13:18:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-10T04:18:05Z", "ms": -906579715492.4673 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-04-09T16:15:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-09T07:15:05Z", "ms": -906655495178.4967 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-10T13:18:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-10T04:18:05Z", "ms": -906579715492.4673 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-09T20:16:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-09T11:16:48Z", "ms": -906640992389.5894 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-09T21:45:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-09T12:45:51Z", "ms": -906635648535.6405 } }, "covered_min": 89, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-10T20:17:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-10T11:17:37Z", "ms": -906554543110.2053 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-10T21:46:23+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-10T12:46:23Z", "ms": -906549216765.4049 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:15 on Wed 9 Apr to 13:18 on Thu 10 Apr.", "fact": "1941-04-09T07:15:05Z → 1941-04-10T04:18:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:17–21:46 on the 9th, 20:18–21:46 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 89 of 89 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 89 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14503 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 9 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Wednesday 9 April. Trayodaśī runs from 16:15 on Wed 9 Apr to 13:18 on Thu 10 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-04-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ananga-trayodashi", "festival": "ananga-trayodashi", "name": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-04-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 547, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-04-09T16:15:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-09T07:15:05Z", "ms": -906655495178.4967 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-10T13:18:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-10T04:18:05Z", "ms": -906579715492.4673 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-04-09T16:15:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-09T07:15:05Z", "ms": -906655495178.4967 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-10T13:18:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-10T04:18:05Z", "ms": -906579715492.4673 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-09T13:27:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-09T04:27:28Z", "ms": -906665551680.8904 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-09T14:15:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-09T05:15:28Z", "ms": -906662671680.8904 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-10T13:27:12+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-10T04:27:12Z", "ms": -906579168297.5891 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-10T14:15:12+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-10T05:15:12Z", "ms": -906576288297.5891 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:15 on Wed 9 Apr to 13:18 on Thu 10 Apr.", "fact": "1941-04-09T07:15:05Z → 1941-04-10T04:18:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:27–14:15 on the 9th, 13:27–14:15 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → second-day · margin 547 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 10 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananga-trayodashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 13 Ananga trayodasi (purvaviddha), Mahavira jayanti (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Anaṅga Trayodaśī 1941 falls on Thursday 10 April. Trayodaśī runs from 16:15 on Wed 9 Apr to 13:18 on Thu 10 Apr, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ananga-trayodashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "festival": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "name": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-04-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 547, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-04-10T13:18:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-10T04:18:05Z", "ms": -906579715492.4673 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-11T09:54:57+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-11T00:54:57Z", "ms": -906505502950.4789 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-04-10T13:18:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-10T04:18:05Z", "ms": -906579715492.4673 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-11T09:54:57+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-11T00:54:57Z", "ms": -906505502950.4789 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-10T13:27:12+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-10T04:27:12Z", "ms": -906579168297.5891 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-10T14:15:12+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-10T05:15:12Z", "ms": -906576288297.5891 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-11T13:26:55+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-11T04:26:55Z", "ms": -906492784661.7134 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-11T14:14:55+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-11T05:14:55Z", "ms": -906489904661.7134 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:18 on Thu 10 Apr to 09:55 on Fri 11 Apr.", "fact": "1941-04-10T04:18:05Z → 1941-04-11T00:54:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:27–14:15 on the 10th, 13:27–14:15 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 547 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 10 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Madanabhanji, (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Sivadamanaka caturdasi, Visnudamanaka caturdasi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī 1941 falls on Thursday 10 April. Caturdaśī runs from 13:18 on Thu 10 Apr to 09:55 on Fri 11 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/chaitri-purnima", "festival": "chaitri-purnima", "name": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-04-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12718, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1941-04-11T09:54:57+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-11T00:54:57Z", "ms": -906505502950.4789 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-12T06:14:59+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-11T21:14:59Z", "ms": -906432300637.9576 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-04-11T09:54:57+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-11T00:54:57Z", "ms": -906505502950.4789 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-12T06:14:59+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-11T21:14:59Z", "ms": -906432300637.9576 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-11T13:26:55+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-11T04:26:55Z", "ms": -906492784661.7134 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-11T14:14:55+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-11T05:14:55Z", "ms": -906489904661.7134 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-12T13:26:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-12T04:26:39Z", "ms": -906406400751.2998 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-12T14:14:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-12T05:14:39Z", "ms": -906403520751.2998 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 09:55 on Fri 11 Apr to 06:15 on Sat 12 Apr.", "fact": "1941-04-11T00:54:57Z → 1941-04-11T21:14:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:27–14:15 on the 11th, 13:27–14:15 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12718 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 11 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chaitri-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Caitri purnima (paraviddha), Hanumat jayanti, Oli ending (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Caitrī Pūrṇimā 1941 falls on Friday 11 April. Pūrṇimā runs from 09:55 on Fri 11 Apr to 06:15 on Sat 12 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/chaitri-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vaishakhi", "festival": "vaishakhi", "name": "Vaiśākhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37989, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 0, "key": "mesha", "name": "Meṣa", "start": { "local": "1941-04-13T17:53:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-13T08:53:51Z", "ms": -906303968619.5182 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-14T14:52:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-14T05:52:09Z", "ms": -903636471013.92 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1941-04-13T17:53:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-13T08:53:51Z", "ms": -906303968619.5182 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-13T17:53:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-13T08:53:51Z", "ms": -906303968619.5182 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-12T07:22:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-11T22:22:03Z", "ms": -906428277057.4266 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-13T07:20:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-12T22:20:42Z", "ms": -906341958051.8677 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-13T07:20:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-12T22:20:42Z", "ms": -906341958051.8677 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-14T07:19:22+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-13T22:19:22Z", "ms": -906255638474.6755 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Meṣa at 17:54 on Sun 13 Apr.", "fact": "1941-04-13T08:53:51Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 07:22 on the 12th, and from 07:21 on the 13th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from sunrise. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunrise → only-day · margin 37989 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaiśākhī, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "vaishakhi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Mesadi — Cadaka puja (Bengal), Bahag Bihu (Assam), Cheiraoba (Manipur), Visu (T. C. State), Vaisakhi (on the samkramana day commencing from sunrise)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The other names in the row (Cadaka puja, Bahag Bihu, Cheiraoba, Visu) are regional observances and wait with the regional rows.", "rashi": "Meṣa", "day_from": "sunrise" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1941-04-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1941-04-13", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vaiśākhī 1941 falls on Sunday 13 April. The Sun enters Meṣa at 17:54 on Sun 13 Apr, and the rule counts the day from sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vaishakhi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-04-14", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-04-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14541, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-04-14T19:14:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-14T10:14:08Z", "ms": -906212751903.9098 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-15T16:06:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-15T07:06:48Z", "ms": -906137592005.1533 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-04-14T19:14:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-14T10:14:08Z", "ms": -906212751903.9098 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-15T16:06:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-15T07:06:48Z", "ms": -906137592005.1533 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-14T23:16:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-14T14:16:29Z", "ms": -906198211137.5319 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-14T23:16:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-14T14:16:29Z", "ms": -906198211137.5319 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-16T00:21:14+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-15T15:21:14Z", "ms": -906107926344.777 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-16T00:21:14+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-15T15:21:14Z", "ms": -906107926344.777 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:14 on Mon 14 Apr to 16:07 on Tue 15 Apr.", "fact": "1941-04-14T10:14:08Z → 1941-04-15T07:06:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:16 on the 14th and 00:21 on the 15th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 14th and is not on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14541 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 14 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1941 falls on Monday 14 April. Caturthī runs from 19:14 on Mon 14 Apr to 16:07 on Tue 15 Apr and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-04-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-04-22", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-04-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14696, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-04-21T11:15:14+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-21T02:15:14Z", "ms": -905636686316.2173 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-22T12:51:14+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-22T03:51:14Z", "ms": -905544525933.1418 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-04-21T11:15:14+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-21T02:15:14Z", "ms": -905636686316.2173 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-22T12:51:14+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-22T03:51:14Z", "ms": -905544525933.1418 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-21T07:10:17+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-20T22:10:17Z", "ms": -905651382771.4741 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-21T07:10:17+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-20T22:10:17Z", "ms": -905651382771.4741 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-04-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-22T07:09:02+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-21T22:09:02Z", "ms": -905565057505.7495 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-22T07:09:02+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-21T22:09:02Z", "ms": -905565057505.7495 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:15 on Mon 21 Apr to 12:51 on Tue 22 Apr.", "fact": "1941-04-21T02:15:14Z → 1941-04-22T03:51:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:10 on the 21st and 07:09 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14696 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 22 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Varūthinī Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Tuesday 22 April. Ekādaśī runs from 11:15 on Mon 21 Apr to 12:51 on Tue 22 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-04-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-04-23", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-04-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11590, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-04-23T14:54:22+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-23T05:54:22Z", "ms": -905450737530.9025 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-24T17:16:04+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-24T08:16:04Z", "ms": -905355836233.6313 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-04-23T14:54:22+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-23T05:54:22Z", "ms": -905450737530.9025 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-24T17:16:04+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-24T08:16:04Z", "ms": -905355836233.6313 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-04-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-23T20:28:23+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-23T11:28:23Z", "ms": -905430696822.9143 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-23T21:53:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-23T12:53:29Z", "ms": -905425591170.5466 } }, "covered_min": 85, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-04-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-24T20:29:13+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-24T11:29:13Z", "ms": -905344246610.8156 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-24T21:54:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-24T12:54:03Z", "ms": -905339157271.7173 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:54 on Wed 23 Apr to 17:16 on Thu 24 Apr.", "fact": "1941-04-23T05:54:22Z → 1941-04-24T08:16:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:28–21:53 on the 23rd, 20:29–21:54 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 85 of 85 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 85 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11590 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 23 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Wednesday 23 April. Trayodaśī runs from 14:54 on Wed 23 Apr to 17:16 on Thu 24 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-04-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-04-24", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-04-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20100, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-04-24T17:16:04+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-24T08:16:04Z", "ms": -905355836233.6313 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-25T19:48:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-25T10:48:08Z", "ms": -905260311743.5883 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-04-24T17:16:04+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-24T08:16:04Z", "ms": -905355836233.6313 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-25T19:48:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-25T10:48:08Z", "ms": -905260311743.5883 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-04-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-25T01:23:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-24T16:23:18Z", "ms": -905326601589.197 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-25T02:11:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-24T17:11:18Z", "ms": -905323721589.197 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-04-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-26T01:23:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-25T16:23:08Z", "ms": -905240212069.3972 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-26T02:11:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-25T17:11:08Z", "ms": -905237332069.3972 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 17:16 on Thu 24 Apr to 19:48 on Fri 25 Apr.", "fact": "1941-04-24T08:16:04Z → 1941-04-25T10:48:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:23–02:11 on the 24th, 01:23–02:11 on the 25th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20100 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 24 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1941 falls on Thursday 24 April. Caturdaśī runs from 17:16 on Thu 24 Apr to 19:48 on Fri 25 Apr and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-04-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/akshaya-tritiya", "festival": "akshaya-tritiya", "name": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-04-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5451, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1941-04-29T03:19:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-28T18:19:09Z", "ms": -904974051176.078 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-30T05:28:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-29T20:28:46Z", "ms": -904879874353.5289 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-04-29T03:19:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-28T18:19:09Z", "ms": -904974051176.078 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-30T05:28:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-29T20:28:46Z", "ms": -904879874353.5289 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-04-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-29T07:00:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-28T22:00:44Z", "ms": -904960755683.2126 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-29T11:31:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-29T02:31:38Z", "ms": -904944502142.5476 } }, "covered_min": 271, "window_min": 271, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-04-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-30T06:59:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-29T21:59:37Z", "ms": -904874422976.1797 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-30T11:31:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-30T02:31:10Z", "ms": -904858130230.4111 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 272, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 03:19 on Tue 29 Apr to 05:29 on Wed 30 Apr.", "fact": "1941-04-28T18:19:09Z → 1941-04-29T20:28:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 07:01–11:32 on the 29th, 07:00–11:31 on the 30th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 271 of 271 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 272 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5451 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 29 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Rohiṇī nakṣatra and a Wednesday; neither is tested.", "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Akṣaya Tṛtīyā 1941 falls on Tuesday 29 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 03:19 on Tue 29 Apr to 05:29 on Wed 30 Apr and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/akshaya-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/parashurama-jayanti", "festival": "parashurama-jayanti", "name": "Paraśurāma Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-04-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19369, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1941-04-29T03:19:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-28T18:19:09Z", "ms": -904974051176.078 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-30T05:28:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-29T20:28:46Z", "ms": -904879874353.5289 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-04-29T03:19:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-28T18:19:09Z", "ms": -904974051176.078 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-30T05:28:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-29T20:28:46Z", "ms": -904879874353.5289 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-04-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-28T20:32:35+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-28T11:32:35Z", "ms": -904998445397.3882 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-28T21:56:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-28T12:56:20Z", "ms": -904993420102.1648 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-04-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-29T20:33:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-29T11:33:25Z", "ms": -904911995061.2175 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-29T21:56:55+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-29T12:56:55Z", "ms": -904906985449.8792 } }, "covered_min": 83, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 03:19 on Tue 29 Apr to 05:29 on Wed 30 Apr.", "fact": "1941-04-28T18:19:09Z → 1941-04-29T20:28:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:33–21:56 on the 28th, 20:33–21:57 on the 29th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 84 minutes on the 28th and 83 of 83 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19369 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Jayantī, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 29 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Paraśurāma Jayantī 1941 falls on Tuesday 29 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 03:19 on Tue 29 Apr to 05:29 on Wed 30 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/parashurama-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-04-30", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-04-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21835, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-04-30T05:28:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-29T20:28:46Z", "ms": -904879874353.5289 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-01T07:18:53+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-30T22:18:53Z", "ms": -904786866955.3619 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-04-30T05:28:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-29T20:28:46Z", "ms": -904879874353.5289 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-01T07:18:53+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-30T22:18:53Z", "ms": -904786866955.3619 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-04-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-04-30T13:22:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-30T04:22:56Z", "ms": -904851423857.5269 }, "end": { "local": "1941-04-30T14:10:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-30T05:10:56Z", "ms": -904848543857.5269 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-01T13:22:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-01T04:22:48Z", "ms": -904765031834.7246 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-01T14:10:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-01T05:10:48Z", "ms": -904762151834.7246 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 05:29 on Wed 30 Apr to 07:19 on Thu 1 May.", "fact": "1941-04-29T20:28:46Z → 1941-04-30T22:18:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:23–14:11 on the 30th, 13:23–14:11 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21835 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 30 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-04-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1941 falls on Wednesday 30 April. Caturthī runs from 05:29 on Wed 30 Apr to 07:19 on Thu 1 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-04-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/shankara-jayanti", "festival": "shankara-jayanti", "name": "Śaṅkara Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-05-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16738, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1941-05-01T07:18:53+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-30T22:18:53Z", "ms": -904786866955.3619 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-02T08:43:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-01T23:43:43Z", "ms": -904695377329.0039 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-05-01T07:18:53+09:00", "utc": "1941-04-30T22:18:53Z", "ms": -904786866955.3619 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-02T08:43:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-01T23:43:43Z", "ms": -904695377329.0039 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-01T13:22:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-01T04:22:48Z", "ms": -904765031834.7246 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-01T14:10:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-01T05:10:48Z", "ms": -904762151834.7246 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-05-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-02T13:22:41+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-02T04:22:41Z", "ms": -904678639299.0247 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-02T14:10:41+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-02T05:10:41Z", "ms": -904675759299.0247 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 07:19 on Thu 1 May to 08:44 on Fri 2 May.", "fact": "1941-04-30T22:18:53Z → 1941-05-01T23:43:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:23–14:11 on the 1st, 13:23–14:11 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16738 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śaṅkara Jayantī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 1 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shankara-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sankara jayanti." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śaṅkara Jayantī 1941 falls on Thursday 1 May. Pañcamī runs from 07:19 on Thu 1 May to 08:44 on Fri 2 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/shankara-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/gangotpatti", "festival": "gangotpatti", "name": "Gaṅgotpatti", "everyday": "Ganga Saptami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-05-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12461, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1941-05-03T09:37:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-03T00:37:25Z", "ms": -904605754620.0669 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-04T09:54:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-04T00:54:46Z", "ms": -904518313557.2504 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-05-03T09:37:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-03T00:37:25Z", "ms": -904605754620.0669 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-04T09:54:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-04T00:54:46Z", "ms": -904518313557.2504 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-05-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-03T13:22:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-03T04:22:34Z", "ms": -904592246245.9121 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-03T14:10:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-03T05:10:34Z", "ms": -904589366245.9121 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-05-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-04T13:22:27+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-04T04:22:27Z", "ms": -904505852671.0354 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-04T14:10:27+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-04T05:10:27Z", "ms": -904502972671.0354 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 09:37 on Sat 3 May to 09:55 on Sun 4 May.", "fact": "1941-05-03T00:37:25Z → 1941-05-04T00:54:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:23–14:11 on the 3rd, 13:22–14:10 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 12461 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṅgotpatti, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 3 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gangotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 1941 falls on Saturday 3 May. Saptamī runs from 09:37 on Sat 3 May to 09:55 on Sun 4 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/gangotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-05-07", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mohinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-05-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 754, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-05-07T06:39:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-06T21:39:42Z", "ms": -904270817792.353 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-08T04:13:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-07T19:13:56Z", "ms": -904193163516.3378 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-05-07T06:39:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-06T21:39:42Z", "ms": -904270817792.353 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-08T04:13:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-07T19:13:56Z", "ms": -904193163516.3378 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-07T06:52:17+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-06T21:52:17Z", "ms": -904270063322.7456 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-07T06:52:17+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-06T21:52:17Z", "ms": -904270063322.7456 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-08T06:51:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-07T21:51:18Z", "ms": -904183721528.6041 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-08T06:51:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-07T21:51:18Z", "ms": -904183721528.6041 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:40 on Wed 7 May to 04:14 on Thu 8 May.", "fact": "1941-05-06T21:39:42Z → 1941-05-07T19:13:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:52 on the 7th and 06:51 on the 8th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 7th and is not on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 754 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mohinī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 7 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mohinī Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Wednesday 7 May. Ekādaśī runs from 06:40 on Wed 7 May to 04:14 on Thu 8 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-05-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/parashurama-dvadashi", "festival": "parashurama-dvadashi", "name": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-05-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32890, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-05-08T04:13:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-07T19:13:56Z", "ms": -904193163516.3378 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-09T01:14:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-08T16:14:39Z", "ms": -904117520716.4261 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-05-08T04:13:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-07T19:13:56Z", "ms": -904193163516.3378 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-09T01:14:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-08T16:14:39Z", "ms": -904117520716.4261 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-08T13:22:07+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-08T04:22:07Z", "ms": -904160273063.585 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-08T14:10:07+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-08T05:10:07Z", "ms": -904157393063.585 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-09T13:22:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-09T04:22:03Z", "ms": -904073876808.7234 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-09T14:10:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-09T05:10:03Z", "ms": -904070996808.7234 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 04:14 on Thu 8 May to 01:15 on Fri 9 May.", "fact": "1941-05-07T19:13:56Z → 1941-05-08T16:14:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:22–14:10 on the 8th, 13:22–14:10 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 32890 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 8 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Paraśurāma Dvādaśī 1941 falls on Thursday 8 May. Dvādaśī runs from 04:14 on Thu 8 May to 01:15 on Fri 9 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/parashurama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/rukmini-dvadashi", "festival": "rukmini-dvadashi", "name": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-05-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32890, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-05-08T04:13:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-07T19:13:56Z", "ms": -904193163516.3378 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-09T01:14:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-08T16:14:39Z", "ms": -904117520716.4261 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-05-08T04:13:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-07T19:13:56Z", "ms": -904193163516.3378 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-09T01:14:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-08T16:14:39Z", "ms": -904117520716.4261 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-08T13:22:07+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-08T04:22:07Z", "ms": -904160273063.585 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-08T14:10:07+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-08T05:10:07Z", "ms": -904157393063.585 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-09T13:22:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-09T04:22:03Z", "ms": -904073876808.7234 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-09T14:10:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-09T05:10:03Z", "ms": -904070996808.7234 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 04:14 on Thu 8 May to 01:15 on Fri 9 May.", "fact": "1941-05-07T19:13:56Z → 1941-05-08T16:14:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:22–14:10 on the 8th, 13:22–14:10 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 32890 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 8 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rukmini-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī 1941 falls on Thursday 8 May. Dvādaśī runs from 04:14 on Thu 8 May to 01:15 on Fri 9 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/rukmini-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "festival": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "name": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Narasimha Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-05-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 821, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-05-09T21:49:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-09T12:49:05Z", "ms": -904043454749.2385 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-10T18:06:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-10T09:06:01Z", "ms": -903970439137.8652 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-05-09T21:49:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-09T12:49:05Z", "ms": -904043454749.2385 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-10T18:06:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-10T09:06:01Z", "ms": -903970439137.8652 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-09T20:41:45+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-09T11:41:45Z", "ms": -904047495139.7533 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-09T22:02:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-09T13:02:46Z", "ms": -904042633673.354 } }, "covered_min": 14, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-10T20:42:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-10T11:42:34Z", "ms": -903961045858.5382 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-10T22:03:22+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-10T13:03:22Z", "ms": -903956198209.7775 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 21:49 on Fri 9 May to 18:06 on Sat 10 May.", "fact": "1941-05-09T12:49:05Z → 1941-05-10T09:06:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:42–22:03 on the 9th, 20:43–22:03 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 14 of 81 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 81 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 821 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 9 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Nrsimha caturdasi (pradosa vyapini — if it occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed, special when combined with naksatra 'Svati', yoga 'Siddhi' and 'Saturday')." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Svātī nakṣatra, Siddhi yoga and a Saturday; none is tested.", "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī (Narasimha Jayanti) 1941 falls on Friday 9 May. Caturdaśī runs from 21:49 on Fri 9 May to 18:06 on Sat 10 May and covers 14 of 81 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-05-09", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-05-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 821, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-05-09T01:14:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-08T16:14:39Z", "ms": -904117520716.4261 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-09T21:49:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-09T12:49:05Z", "ms": -904043454749.2385 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-05-09T01:14:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-08T16:14:39Z", "ms": -904117520716.4261 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-09T21:49:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-09T12:49:05Z", "ms": -904043454749.2385 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-08T20:40:55+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-08T11:40:55Z", "ms": -904133944598.5658 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-08T22:02:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-08T13:02:11Z", "ms": -904129069115.7828 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-09T20:41:45+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-09T11:41:45Z", "ms": -904047495139.7533 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-09T22:02:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-09T13:02:46Z", "ms": -904042633673.354 } }, "covered_min": 67, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 01:15 on Fri 9 May to 21:49 on Fri 9 May.", "fact": "1941-05-08T16:14:39Z → 1941-05-09T12:49:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:41–22:02 on the 8th, 20:42–22:03 on the 9th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 81 minutes on the 8th and 67 of 81 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 821 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 9 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Friday 9 May. Trayodaśī runs from 01:15 on Fri 9 May to 21:49 on Fri 9 May and covers 67 of 81 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-05-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/buddha-purnima", "festival": "buddha-purnima", "name": "Buddha Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-05-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 321, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1941-05-10T18:06:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-10T09:06:01Z", "ms": -903970439137.8652 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-11T14:15:19+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-11T05:15:19Z", "ms": -903897881136.0143 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-05-10T18:06:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-10T09:06:01Z", "ms": -903970439137.8652 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-11T14:15:19+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-11T05:15:19Z", "ms": -903897881136.0143 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-10T13:22:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-10T04:22:00Z", "ms": -903987480000.1484 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-10T14:10:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-10T05:10:00Z", "ms": -903984600000.1484 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-11T13:21:57+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-11T04:21:57Z", "ms": -903901082631.9998 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-11T14:09:57+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-11T05:09:57Z", "ms": -903898202631.9998 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 18:06 on Sat 10 May to 14:15 on Sun 11 May.", "fact": "1941-05-10T09:06:01Z → 1941-05-11T05:15:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:22–14:10 on the 10th, 13:22–14:10 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 321 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Buddha Pūrṇimā, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 11 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "buddha-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Buddha Pūrṇimā 1941 falls on Sunday 11 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 18:06 on Sat 10 May to 14:15 on Sun 11 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/buddha-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/sampat-gauri-vrata", "festival": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "name": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-05-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 321, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1941-05-10T18:06:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-10T09:06:01Z", "ms": -903970439137.8652 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-11T14:15:19+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-11T05:15:19Z", "ms": -903897881136.0143 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-05-10T18:06:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-10T09:06:01Z", "ms": -903970439137.8652 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-11T14:15:19+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-11T05:15:19Z", "ms": -903897881136.0143 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-10T13:22:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-10T04:22:00Z", "ms": -903987480000.1484 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-10T14:10:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-10T05:10:00Z", "ms": -903984600000.1484 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-11T13:21:57+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-11T04:21:57Z", "ms": -903901082631.9998 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-11T14:09:57+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-11T05:09:57Z", "ms": -903898202631.9998 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 18:06 on Sat 10 May to 14:15 on Sun 11 May.", "fact": "1941-05-10T09:06:01Z → 1941-05-11T05:15:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:22–14:10 on the 10th, 13:22–14:10 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 321 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 11 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Sampat Gaurī Vrata 1941 falls on Sunday 11 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 18:06 on Sat 10 May to 14:15 on Sun 11 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/sampat-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-05-14", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-05-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3964, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-05-14T03:44:16+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-13T18:44:16Z", "ms": -903676543654.2325 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-15T01:09:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-14T16:09:24Z", "ms": -903599436104.1705 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-05-14T03:44:16+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-13T18:44:16Z", "ms": -903676543654.2325 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-15T01:09:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-14T16:09:24Z", "ms": -903599436104.1705 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-05-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-13T23:05:23+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-13T14:05:23Z", "ms": -903693276638.2018 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-13T23:05:23+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-13T14:05:23Z", "ms": -903693276638.2018 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-15T00:03:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-14T15:03:20Z", "ms": -903603399924.7262 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-15T00:03:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-14T15:03:20Z", "ms": -903603399924.7262 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:44 on Wed 14 May to 01:09 on Thu 15 May.", "fact": "1941-05-13T18:44:16Z → 1941-05-14T16:09:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:05 on the 13th and 00:03 on the 14th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 13th and is on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3964 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 14 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1941 falls on Wednesday 14 May. Caturthī runs from 03:44 on Wed 14 May to 01:09 on Thu 15 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-05-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-05-21", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Aparā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-05-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7900, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-05-21T02:05:41+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-20T17:05:41Z", "ms": -903077658892.3323 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-22T04:28:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-21T19:28:28Z", "ms": -902982691805.4501 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-05-21T02:05:41+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-20T17:05:41Z", "ms": -903077658892.3323 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-22T04:28:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-21T19:28:28Z", "ms": -902982691805.4501 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-05-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-21T06:40:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-20T21:40:46Z", "ms": -903061153891.4054 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-21T06:40:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-20T21:40:46Z", "ms": -903061153891.4054 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-05-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-22T06:40:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-21T21:40:08Z", "ms": -902974792122.5461 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-22T06:40:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-21T21:40:08Z", "ms": -902974792122.5461 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 02:06 on Wed 21 May to 04:28 on Thu 22 May.", "fact": "1941-05-20T17:05:41Z → 1941-05-21T19:28:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:41 on the 21st and 06:40 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 21st and is not on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7900 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aparā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 21 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Aparā Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Wednesday 21 May. Ekādaśī runs from 02:06 on Wed 21 May to 04:28 on Thu 22 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-05-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-05-23", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-05-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31944, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-05-23T07:02:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-22T22:02:48Z", "ms": -902887031808.3037 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-24T09:37:50+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-24T00:37:50Z", "ms": -902791329842.4878 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-05-23T07:02:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-22T22:02:48Z", "ms": -902887031808.3037 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-24T09:37:50+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-24T00:37:50Z", "ms": -902791329842.4878 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-05-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-22T20:52:04+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-22T11:52:04Z", "ms": -902923675615.6322 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-22T22:10:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-22T13:10:24Z", "ms": -902918976036.3955 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-23T20:52:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-23T11:52:49Z", "ms": -902837230673.7123 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-23T22:10:58+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-23T13:10:58Z", "ms": -902832541760.4696 } }, "covered_min": 78, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 07:03 on Fri 23 May to 09:38 on Sat 24 May.", "fact": "1941-05-22T22:02:48Z → 1941-05-24T00:37:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:52–22:10 on the 22nd, 20:53–22:11 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 78 minutes on the 22nd and 78 of 78 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31944 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 23 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Friday 23 May. Trayodaśī runs from 07:03 on Fri 23 May to 09:38 on Sat 24 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-05-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-05-24", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-05-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26877, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-05-24T09:37:50+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-24T00:37:50Z", "ms": -902791329842.4878 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-25T12:05:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-25T03:05:01Z", "ms": -902696098868.1456 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-05-24T09:37:50+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-24T00:37:50Z", "ms": -902791329842.4878 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-25T12:05:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-25T03:05:01Z", "ms": -902696098868.1456 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-24T01:21:53+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-23T16:21:53Z", "ms": -902821087249.0522 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-24T02:09:53+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-23T17:09:53Z", "ms": -902818207249.0522 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-05-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-25T01:21:58+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-24T16:21:58Z", "ms": -902734681775.8252 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-25T02:09:58+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-24T17:09:58Z", "ms": -902731801775.8252 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 09:38 on Sat 24 May to 12:05 on Sun 25 May.", "fact": "1941-05-24T00:37:50Z → 1941-05-25T03:05:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:22–02:10 on the 23rd, 01:22–02:10 on the 24th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26877 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 24 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1941 falls on Saturday 24 May. Caturdaśī runs from 09:38 on Sat 24 May to 12:05 on Sun 25 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-05-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/rambha-tritiya", "festival": "rambha-tritiya", "name": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-05-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13131, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1941-05-28T17:49:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-28T08:49:29Z", "ms": -902416230598.0415 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-29T19:02:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-29T10:02:51Z", "ms": -902325429014.3811 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-05-28T17:49:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-28T08:49:29Z", "ms": -902416230598.0415 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-29T19:02:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-29T10:02:51Z", "ms": -902325429014.3811 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-05-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-28T13:22:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-28T04:22:39Z", "ms": -902432241416.8048 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-28T14:10:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-28T05:10:39Z", "ms": -902429361416.8048 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-05-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-29T13:22:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-29T04:22:46Z", "ms": -902345834343.2661 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-29T14:10:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-29T05:10:46Z", "ms": -902342954343.2661 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 17:49 on Wed 28 May to 19:03 on Thu 29 May.", "fact": "1941-05-28T08:49:29Z → 1941-05-29T10:02:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:23–14:11 on the 28th, 13:23–14:11 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 13131 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 29 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rambha-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Rambha trtiya (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rambhā Tṛtīyā 1941 falls on Thursday 29 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 17:49 on Wed 28 May to 19:03 on Thu 29 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/rambha-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-05-30", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-05-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17525, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-05-29T19:02:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-29T10:02:51Z", "ms": -902325429014.3811 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-30T19:52:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-30T10:52:01Z", "ms": -902236078963.7865 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-05-29T19:02:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-29T10:02:51Z", "ms": -902325429014.3811 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-30T19:52:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-30T10:52:01Z", "ms": -902236078963.7865 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-05-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-29T13:22:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-29T04:22:46Z", "ms": -902345834343.2661 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-29T14:10:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-29T05:10:46Z", "ms": -902342954343.2661 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-05-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-30T13:22:53+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-30T04:22:53Z", "ms": -902259426836.9636 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-30T14:10:53+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-30T05:10:53Z", "ms": -902256546836.9636 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:03 on Thu 29 May to 19:52 on Fri 30 May.", "fact": "1941-05-29T10:02:51Z → 1941-05-30T10:52:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:23–14:11 on the 29th, 13:23–14:11 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17525 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 30 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1941 falls on Friday 30 May. Caturthī runs from 19:03 on Thu 29 May to 19:52 on Fri 30 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-05-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/aranya-gauri-vrata", "festival": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "name": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-06-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21381, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1941-05-31T20:14:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-31T11:14:30Z", "ms": -902148329859.0657 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-01T20:07:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-01T11:07:30Z", "ms": -902062349782.5316 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-05-31T20:14:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-31T11:14:30Z", "ms": -902148329859.0657 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-01T20:07:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-01T11:07:30Z", "ms": -902062349782.5316 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-05-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-31T13:23:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-31T04:23:01Z", "ms": -902173018915.4161 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-31T14:11:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-31T05:11:01Z", "ms": -902170138915.4161 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-06-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-01T13:23:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-01T04:23:09Z", "ms": -902086610596.4514 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-01T14:11:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-01T05:11:09Z", "ms": -902083730596.4514 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:15 on Sat 31 May to 20:08 on Sun 1 Jun.", "fact": "1941-05-31T11:14:30Z → 1941-06-01T11:07:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:23–14:11 on the 31st, 13:23–14:11 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21381 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 1 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Araṇya Gaurī Vrata 1941 falls on Sunday 1 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:15 on Sat 31 May to 20:08 on Sun 1 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/aranya-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "festival": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-06-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21381, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1941-05-31T20:14:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-31T11:14:30Z", "ms": -902148329859.0657 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-01T20:07:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-01T11:07:30Z", "ms": -902062349782.5316 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-05-31T20:14:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-31T11:14:30Z", "ms": -902148329859.0657 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-01T20:07:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-01T11:07:30Z", "ms": -902062349782.5316 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-05-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-05-31T13:23:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-31T04:23:01Z", "ms": -902173018915.4161 }, "end": { "local": "1941-05-31T14:11:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-05-31T05:11:01Z", "ms": -902170138915.4161 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-06-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-01T13:23:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-01T04:23:09Z", "ms": -902086610596.4514 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-01T14:11:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-01T05:11:09Z", "ms": -902083730596.4514 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:15 on Sat 31 May to 20:08 on Sun 1 Jun.", "fact": "1941-05-31T11:14:30Z → 1941-06-01T11:07:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:23–14:11 on the 31st, 13:23–14:11 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 21381 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha), Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 1 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha) 1941 falls on Sunday 1 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:15 on Sat 31 May to 20:08 on Sun 1 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-06-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-06-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17087, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-06-05T14:07:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-05T05:07:43Z", "ms": -901738336809.1569 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-06T11:18:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-06T02:18:37Z", "ms": -901662083044.4507 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-06-05T14:07:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-05T05:07:43Z", "ms": -901738336809.1569 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-06T11:18:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-06T02:18:37Z", "ms": -901662083044.4507 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-06-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-05T06:34:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-04T21:34:03Z", "ms": -901765556720.3445 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-05T06:34:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-04T21:34:03Z", "ms": -901765556720.3445 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-06T06:33:50+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-05T21:33:50Z", "ms": -901679170320.9045 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-06T06:33:50+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-05T21:33:50Z", "ms": -901679170320.9045 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:08 on Thu 5 Jun to 11:19 on Fri 6 Jun.", "fact": "1941-06-05T05:07:43Z → 1941-06-06T02:18:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:34 on the 5th and 06:34 on the 6th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 5th and is on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17087 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 6 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Nirjalā Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Friday 6 June. Ekādaśī runs from 14:08 on Thu 5 Jun to 11:19 on Fri 6 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-06-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/shri-rama-dvadashi", "festival": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "name": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-06-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7519, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-06-06T11:18:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-06T02:18:37Z", "ms": -901662083044.4507 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-07T08:06:23+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-06T23:06:23Z", "ms": -901587217456.4493 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-06-06T11:18:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-06T02:18:37Z", "ms": -901662083044.4507 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-07T08:06:23+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-06T23:06:23Z", "ms": -901587217456.4493 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-06T13:23:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-06T04:23:56Z", "ms": -901654563659.6575 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-06T14:11:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-06T05:11:56Z", "ms": -901651683659.6575 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-07T13:24:07+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-07T04:24:07Z", "ms": -901568153321.5225 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-07T14:12:07+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-07T05:12:07Z", "ms": -901565273321.5225 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 11:19 on Fri 6 Jun to 08:06 on Sat 7 Jun.", "fact": "1941-06-06T02:18:37Z → 1941-06-06T23:06:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:24–14:12 on the 6th, 13:24–14:12 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 7519 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 6 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Sri Rama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Campaka dvadasi (Orissa) (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī 1941 falls on Friday 6 June. Dvādaśī runs from 11:19 on Fri 6 Jun to 08:06 on Sat 7 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/shri-rama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-06-07", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-06-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22796, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-06-07T08:06:23+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-06T23:06:23Z", "ms": -901587217456.4493 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-08T04:38:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-07T19:38:38Z", "ms": -901513281567.4065 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-06-07T08:06:23+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-06T23:06:23Z", "ms": -901587217456.4493 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-08T04:38:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-07T19:38:38Z", "ms": -901513281567.4065 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-06T21:02:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-06T12:02:03Z", "ms": -901627076998.4104 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-06T22:18:16+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-06T13:18:16Z", "ms": -901622504364.7657 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-07T21:02:36+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-07T12:02:36Z", "ms": -901540644396.9689 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-07T22:18:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-07T13:18:43Z", "ms": -901536077476.7192 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:06 on Sat 7 Jun to 04:39 on Sun 8 Jun.", "fact": "1941-06-06T23:06:23Z → 1941-06-07T19:38:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 21:02–22:18 on the 6th, 21:03–22:19 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 76 minutes on the 6th and 76 of 76 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22796 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 7 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Saturday 7 June. Trayodaśī runs from 08:06 on Sat 7 Jun to 04:39 on Sun 8 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-06-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vata-savitri-vrata", "festival": "vata-savitri-vrata", "name": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-06-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1822, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1941-06-09T01:04:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-08T16:04:29Z", "ms": -901439730826.6322 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-09T21:34:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-09T12:34:00Z", "ms": -901365960112.4484 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-06-09T01:04:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-08T16:04:29Z", "ms": -901439730826.6322 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-09T21:34:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-09T12:34:00Z", "ms": -901365960112.4484 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-06-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-08T21:03:07+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-08T12:03:07Z", "ms": -901454212910.2601 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-08T22:19:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-08T13:19:09Z", "ms": -901449651331.2656 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-06-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-09T21:03:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-09T12:03:37Z", "ms": -901367782567.7087 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-09T22:19:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-09T13:19:34Z", "ms": -901363225953.9884 } }, "covered_min": 30, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 01:04 on Mon 9 Jun to 21:34 on Mon 9 Jun.", "fact": "1941-06-08T16:04:29Z → 1941-06-09T12:34:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 21:03–22:19 on the 8th, 21:04–22:20 on the 9th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 76 minutes on the 8th and 30 of 76 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1822 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 9 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vata-savitri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Vata-savitri vrata (Deccan) (pradosavyapini, purvaviddha), Snanayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata 1941 falls on Monday 9 June. Pūrṇimā runs from 01:04 on Mon 9 Jun to 21:34 on Mon 9 Jun and covers 30 of 76 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vata-savitri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-06-12", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-06-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37318, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-06-12T13:10:15+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-12T04:10:15Z", "ms": -901136984901.3378 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-13T11:37:22+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-13T02:37:22Z", "ms": -901056157518.5881 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-06-12T13:10:15+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-12T04:10:15Z", "ms": -901136984901.3378 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-13T11:37:22+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-13T02:37:22Z", "ms": -901056157518.5881 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-06-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-12T23:32:13+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-12T14:32:13Z", "ms": -901099667140.098 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-12T23:32:13+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-12T14:32:13Z", "ms": -901099667140.098 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-06-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-14T00:15:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-13T15:15:29Z", "ms": -901010670786.5049 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-14T00:15:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-13T15:15:29Z", "ms": -901010670786.5049 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:10 on Thu 12 Jun to 11:37 on Fri 13 Jun.", "fact": "1941-06-12T04:10:15Z → 1941-06-13T02:37:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:32 on the 12th and 00:15 on the 13th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 12th and is not on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37318 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 12 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1941 falls on Thursday 12 June. Caturthī runs from 13:10 on Thu 12 Jun to 11:37 on Fri 13 Jun and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-06-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-06-20", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Yoginī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-06-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34874, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-06-19T18:20:15+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-19T09:20:15Z", "ms": -900513584850.3386 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-20T20:52:31+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-20T11:52:31Z", "ms": -900418049291.8052 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-06-19T18:20:15+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-19T09:20:15Z", "ms": -900513584850.3386 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-20T20:52:31+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-20T11:52:31Z", "ms": -900418049291.8052 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-06-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-20T06:33:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-19T21:33:34Z", "ms": -900469586131.7786 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-20T06:33:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-19T21:33:34Z", "ms": -900469586131.7786 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-06-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-21T06:33:45+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-20T21:33:45Z", "ms": -900383175163.6431 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-21T06:33:45+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-20T21:33:45Z", "ms": -900383175163.6431 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:20 on Thu 19 Jun to 20:53 on Fri 20 Jun.", "fact": "1941-06-19T09:20:15Z → 1941-06-20T11:52:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:34 on the 20th and 06:34 on the 21st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34874 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yoginī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 20 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Yoginī Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Friday 20 June. Ekādaśī runs from 18:20 on Thu 19 Jun to 20:53 on Fri 20 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-06-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-06-22", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-06-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3154, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-06-21T23:16:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-21T14:16:03Z", "ms": -900323037344.3022 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-23T01:21:54+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-22T16:21:54Z", "ms": -900229085598.4094 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-06-21T23:16:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-21T14:16:03Z", "ms": -900323037344.3022 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-23T01:21:54+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-22T16:21:54Z", "ms": -900229085598.4094 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-06-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-21T21:08:02+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-21T12:08:02Z", "ms": -900330718382.3867 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-21T22:23:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-21T13:23:29Z", "ms": -900326190955.4183 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-06-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-22T21:08:14+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-22T12:08:14Z", "ms": -900244305579.0951 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-22T22:23:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-22T13:23:42Z", "ms": -900239777996.2683 } }, "covered_min": 75, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:16 on Sat 21 Jun to 01:22 on Mon 23 Jun.", "fact": "1941-06-21T14:16:03Z → 1941-06-22T16:21:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 21:08–22:23 on the 21st, 21:08–22:24 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 75 minutes on the 21st and 75 of 75 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3154 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 22 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Sunday 22 June. Trayodaśī runs from 23:16 on Sat 21 Jun to 01:22 on Mon 23 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-06-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-06-22", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-06-22", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 318, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-06-23T01:21:54+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-22T16:21:54Z", "ms": -900229085598.4094 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-24T03:04:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-23T18:04:44Z", "ms": -900136516233.2886 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-06-23T01:21:54+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-22T16:21:54Z", "ms": -900229085598.4094 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-24T03:04:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-23T18:04:44Z", "ms": -900136516233.2886 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-06-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-23T01:27:13+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-22T16:27:13Z", "ms": -900228767143.4948 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-23T02:15:13+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-22T17:15:13Z", "ms": -900225887143.4948 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-06-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-24T01:27:26+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-23T16:27:26Z", "ms": -900142353798.4526 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-24T02:15:26+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-23T17:15:26Z", "ms": -900139473798.4526 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 01:22 on Mon 23 Jun to 03:05 on Tue 24 Jun.", "fact": "1941-06-22T16:21:54Z → 1941-06-23T18:04:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:27–02:15 on the 22nd, 01:27–02:15 on the 23rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both nights qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 318 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 22 June.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-22", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-23", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1941 falls on Sunday 22 June. Caturdaśī runs from 01:22 on Mon 23 Jun to 03:05 on Tue 24 Jun and covers all of niśītha that night. It also reaches the next night for 48 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-06-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/rathayatra", "festival": "rathayatra", "name": "Rathayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-06-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27971, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1941-06-26T05:14:19+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-25T20:14:19Z", "ms": -899955940717.252 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-27T05:41:57+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-26T20:41:57Z", "ms": -899867883132.706 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-06-26T05:14:19+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-25T20:14:19Z", "ms": -899955940717.252 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-27T05:41:57+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-26T20:41:57Z", "ms": -899867883132.706 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-06-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-26T13:27:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-26T04:27:56Z", "ms": -899926324108.5449 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-26T14:15:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-26T05:15:56Z", "ms": -899923444108.5449 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-06-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-27T13:28:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-27T04:28:08Z", "ms": -899839911875.9714 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-27T14:16:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-27T05:16:08Z", "ms": -899837031875.9714 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 05:14 on Thu 26 Jun to 05:42 on Fri 27 Jun.", "fact": "1941-06-25T20:14:19Z → 1941-06-26T20:41:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:28–14:16 on the 26th, 13:28–14:16 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27971 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rathayātrā, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 26 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rathayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Rathayatra (paraviddha, special when combined with naksatra 'Pusya')" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Puṣya nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rathayātrā 1941 falls on Thursday 26 June. Dvitīyā runs from 05:14 on Thu 26 Jun to 05:42 on Fri 27 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/rathayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-06-28", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-06-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27723, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-06-28T05:46:17+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-27T20:46:17Z", "ms": -899781223139.5919 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-29T05:28:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-28T20:28:03Z", "ms": -899695916703.7362 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-06-28T05:46:17+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-27T20:46:17Z", "ms": -899781223139.5919 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-29T05:28:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-28T20:28:03Z", "ms": -899695916703.7362 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-06-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-28T13:28:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-28T04:28:20Z", "ms": -899753499806.3491 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-28T14:16:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-28T05:16:20Z", "ms": -899750619806.3491 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-06-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-29T13:28:32+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-29T04:28:32Z", "ms": -899667087926.012 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-29T14:16:32+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-29T05:16:32Z", "ms": -899664207926.012 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 05:46 on Sat 28 Jun to 05:28 on Sun 29 Jun.", "fact": "1941-06-27T20:46:17Z → 1941-06-28T20:28:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:28–14:16 on the 28th, 13:29–14:17 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27723 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 28 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1941 falls on Saturday 28 June. Caturthī runs from 05:46 on Sat 28 Jun to 05:28 on Sun 29 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-06-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/skanda-panchami", "festival": "skanda-panchami", "name": "Skanda Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-06-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28829, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1941-06-29T05:28:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-28T20:28:03Z", "ms": -899695916703.7362 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-30T04:47:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-29T19:47:20Z", "ms": -899611959821.7329 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-06-29T05:28:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-28T20:28:03Z", "ms": -899695916703.7362 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-30T04:47:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-29T19:47:20Z", "ms": -899611959821.7329 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-06-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-29T13:28:32+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-29T04:28:32Z", "ms": -899667087926.012 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-29T14:16:32+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-29T05:16:32Z", "ms": -899664207926.012 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-06-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-06-30T13:28:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-30T04:28:44Z", "ms": -899580676260.5293 }, "end": { "local": "1941-06-30T14:16:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-30T05:16:44Z", "ms": -899577796260.5293 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 05:28 on Sun 29 Jun to 04:47 on Mon 30 Jun.", "fact": "1941-06-28T20:28:03Z → 1941-06-29T19:47:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:29–14:17 on the 29th, 13:29–14:17 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28829 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 29 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Skanda pancami (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-06-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Skanda Pañcamī 1941 falls on Sunday 29 June. Pañcamī runs from 05:28 on Sun 29 Jun to 04:47 on Mon 30 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/skanda-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vivasvat-saptami", "festival": "vivasvat-saptami", "name": "Vivasvat Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-07-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35116, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1941-07-01T03:43:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-30T18:43:39Z", "ms": -899529380501.9756 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-02T02:16:27+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-01T17:16:27Z", "ms": -899448212606.2004 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-07-01T03:43:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-06-30T18:43:39Z", "ms": -899529380501.9756 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-02T02:16:27+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-01T17:16:27Z", "ms": -899448212606.2004 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-07-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-01T13:28:55+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-01T04:28:55Z", "ms": -899494264834.4417 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-01T14:16:55+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-01T05:16:55Z", "ms": -899491384834.4417 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-07-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-02T13:29:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-02T04:29:06Z", "ms": -899407853671.021 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-02T14:17:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-02T05:17:06Z", "ms": -899404973671.021 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 03:44 on Tue 1 Jul to 02:16 on Wed 2 Jul.", "fact": "1941-06-30T18:43:39Z → 1941-07-01T17:16:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:29–14:17 on the 1st, 13:29–14:17 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 35116 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vivasvat Saptamī, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 1 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vivasvat-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Vivasvat saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vivasvat Saptamī 1941 falls on Tuesday 1 July. Saptamī runs from 03:44 on Tue 1 Jul to 02:16 on Wed 2 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vivasvat-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-07-05", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-07-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36676, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-07-04T19:39:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-04T10:39:00Z", "ms": -899212859667.5024 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-05T16:50:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-05T07:50:00Z", "ms": -899136599898.4209 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-07-04T19:39:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-04T10:39:00Z", "ms": -899212859667.5024 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-05T16:50:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-05T07:50:00Z", "ms": -899136599898.4209 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-07-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-04T06:38:14+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-03T21:38:14Z", "ms": -899259705712.3872 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-04T06:38:14+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-03T21:38:14Z", "ms": -899259705712.3872 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-07-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-05T06:38:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-04T21:38:44Z", "ms": -899173276379.8704 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-05T06:38:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-04T21:38:44Z", "ms": -899173276379.8704 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 19:39 on Fri 4 Jul to 16:50 on Sat 5 Jul.", "fact": "1941-07-04T10:39:00Z → 1941-07-05T07:50:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:38 on the 4th and 06:39 on the 5th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 4th and is on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36676 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 5 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Hariśayanī Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Saturday 5 July. Ekādaśī runs from 19:39 on Fri 4 Jul to 16:50 on Sat 5 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-07-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-07-06", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-07-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26222, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-07-06T13:51:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-06T04:51:20Z", "ms": -899060920391.2439 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-07T10:50:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-07T01:50:28Z", "ms": -898985371781.6344 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-07-06T13:51:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-06T04:51:20Z", "ms": -899060920391.2439 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-07T10:50:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-07T01:50:28Z", "ms": -898985371781.6344 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-07-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-06T21:08:22+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-06T12:08:22Z", "ms": -899034698121.5024 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-06T22:24:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-06T13:24:33Z", "ms": -899030126980.8 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-07T21:08:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-07T12:08:10Z", "ms": -898948310428.8207 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-07T22:24:27+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-07T13:24:27Z", "ms": -898943733324.8485 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:51 on Sun 6 Jul to 10:50 on Mon 7 Jul.", "fact": "1941-07-06T04:51:20Z → 1941-07-07T01:50:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 21:08–22:25 on the 6th, 21:08–22:24 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 76 of 76 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 76 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26222 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 6 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Sunday 6 July. Trayodaśī runs from 13:51 on Sun 6 Jul to 10:50 on Mon 7 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-07-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vyasa-puja", "festival": "vyasa-puja", "name": "Vyāsa Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-07-08", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 4545, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1941-07-08T07:56:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-07T22:56:03Z", "ms": -898909437257.2422 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-09T05:17:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-08T20:17:20Z", "ms": -898832560030.0952 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-07-08T07:56:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-07T22:56:03Z", "ms": -898909437257.2422 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-09T05:17:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-08T20:17:20Z", "ms": -898832560030.0952 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-08T06:40:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-07T21:40:18Z", "ms": -898913982149.0292 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-08T09:33:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-08T00:33:49Z", "ms": -898903570613.3494 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 174, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-09T06:40:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-08T21:40:51Z", "ms": -898827548766.5546 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-09T09:34:13+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-09T00:34:13Z", "ms": -898817147061.6493 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 173, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 07:56 on Tue 8 Jul to 05:17 on Wed 9 Jul.", "fact": "1941-07-07T22:56:03Z → 1941-07-08T20:17:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:40–09:34 on the 8th, 06:41–09:34 on the 9th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 98 of 174 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 173 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither morning qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 4545 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vyāsa Pūjā, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 8 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vyasa-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-08", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-08", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vyāsa Pūjā 1941 falls on Tuesday 8 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 07:56 on Tue 8 Jul to 05:17 on Wed 9 Jul, and reaches the first three muhūrtas after sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vyasa-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/guru-purnima", "festival": "guru-purnima", "name": "Guru Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-07-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20044, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1941-07-08T07:56:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-07T22:56:03Z", "ms": -898909437257.2422 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-09T05:17:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-08T20:17:20Z", "ms": -898832560030.0952 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-07-08T07:56:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-07T22:56:03Z", "ms": -898909437257.2422 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-09T05:17:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-08T20:17:20Z", "ms": -898832560030.0952 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-08T13:30:07+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-08T04:30:07Z", "ms": -898889393309.8297 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-08T14:18:07+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-08T05:18:07Z", "ms": -898886513309.8297 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-09T13:30:15+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-09T04:30:15Z", "ms": -898802984504.2914 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-09T14:18:15+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-09T05:18:15Z", "ms": -898800104504.2914 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 07:56 on Tue 8 Jul to 05:17 on Wed 9 Jul.", "fact": "1941-07-07T22:56:03Z → 1941-07-08T20:17:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:30–14:18 on the 8th, 13:30–14:18 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 20044 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Guru Pūrṇimā, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 8 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "guru-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Guru Pūrṇimā 1941 falls on Tuesday 8 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 07:56 on Tue 8 Jul to 05:17 on Wed 9 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/guru-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/kokila-vrata", "festival": "kokila-vrata", "name": "Kokilā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-07-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29364, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1941-07-08T07:56:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-07T22:56:03Z", "ms": -898909437257.2422 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-09T05:17:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-08T20:17:20Z", "ms": -898832560030.0952 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-07-08T07:56:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-07T22:56:03Z", "ms": -898909437257.2422 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-09T05:17:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-08T20:17:20Z", "ms": -898832560030.0952 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-07T18:14:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-07T09:14:29Z", "ms": -898958731256.3035 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-07T21:08:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-07T12:08:10Z", "ms": -898948310428.8207 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 174, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-08T18:14:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-08T09:14:24Z", "ms": -898872336006.31 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-08T21:07:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-08T12:07:56Z", "ms": -898861924470.6302 } }, "covered_min": 174, "window_min": 174, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 07:56 on Tue 8 Jul to 05:17 on Wed 9 Jul.", "fact": "1941-07-07T22:56:03Z → 1941-07-08T20:17:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 18:14–21:08 on the 7th, 18:14–21:08 on the 8th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 174 minutes on the 7th and 174 of 174 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29364 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kokilā Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 8 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kokila-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kokilā Vrata 1941 falls on Tuesday 8 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 07:56 on Tue 8 Jul to 05:17 on Wed 9 Jul and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/kokila-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/shiva-shayanotsava", "festival": "shiva-shayanotsava", "name": "Śiva Śayanotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-07-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24781, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1941-07-08T07:56:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-07T22:56:03Z", "ms": -898909437257.2422 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-09T05:17:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-08T20:17:20Z", "ms": -898832560030.0952 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-07-08T07:56:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-07T22:56:03Z", "ms": -898909437257.2422 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-09T05:17:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-08T20:17:20Z", "ms": -898832560030.0952 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-07T21:08:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-07T12:08:10Z", "ms": -898948310428.8207 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-07T22:24:27+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-07T13:24:27Z", "ms": -898943733324.8485 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-08T21:07:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-08T12:07:56Z", "ms": -898861924470.6302 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-08T22:24:19+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-08T13:24:19Z", "ms": -898857341043.4202 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 07:56 on Tue 8 Jul to 05:17 on Wed 9 Jul.", "fact": "1941-07-07T22:56:03Z → 1941-07-08T20:17:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 21:08–22:24 on the 7th, 21:08–22:24 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 76 minutes on the 7th and 76 of 76 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24781 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śiva Śayanotsava, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 8 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shiva-shayanotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śiva Śayanotsava 1941 falls on Tuesday 8 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 07:56 on Tue 8 Jul to 05:17 on Wed 9 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/shiva-shayanotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-07-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11759, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1941-07-10T03:03:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-09T18:03:43Z", "ms": -898754177149.16 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-11T01:23:58+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-10T16:23:58Z", "ms": -898673761623.2048 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-07-10T03:03:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-09T18:03:43Z", "ms": -898754177149.16 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-11T01:23:58+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-10T16:23:58Z", "ms": -898673761623.2048 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-09T21:21:12+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-09T12:21:12Z", "ms": -898774728147.3115 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-09T21:21:12+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-09T12:21:12Z", "ms": -898774728147.3115 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-07-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-10T22:07:59+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-10T13:07:59Z", "ms": -898685521037.0292 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-10T22:07:59+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-10T13:07:59Z", "ms": -898685521037.0292 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 03:04 on Thu 10 Jul to 01:24 on Fri 11 Jul.", "fact": "1941-07-09T18:03:43Z → 1941-07-10T16:23:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:21 on the 9th and 22:08 on the 10th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 9th and is on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11759 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha), Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 10 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunya sayana vrata (candrodaya vyapini; purvahna vyapini and purvaviddha in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row reads pūrvāhṇa and pūrvaviddha; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha) 1941 falls on Thursday 10 July. Dvitīyā runs from 03:04 on Thu 10 Jul to 01:24 on Fri 11 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-07-12", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-07-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2764, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-07-12T00:25:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-11T15:25:25Z", "ms": -898590874917.0911 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-13T00:12:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-12T15:12:51Z", "ms": -898505229227.8033 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-07-12T00:25:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-11T15:25:25Z", "ms": -898590874917.0911 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-13T00:12:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-12T15:12:51Z", "ms": -898505229227.8033 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-07-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-11T22:49:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-11T13:49:28Z", "ms": -898596632023.2877 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-11T22:49:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-11T13:49:28Z", "ms": -898596632023.2877 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-07-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-12T23:26:47+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-12T14:26:47Z", "ms": -898507993066.138 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-12T23:26:47+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-12T14:26:47Z", "ms": -898507993066.138 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:25 on Sat 12 Jul to 00:13 on Sun 13 Jul.", "fact": "1941-07-11T15:25:25Z → 1941-07-12T15:12:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:49 on the 11th and 23:27 on the 12th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 11th and is on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2764 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 12 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1941 falls on Saturday 12 July. Caturthī runs from 00:25 on Sat 12 Jul to 00:13 on Sun 13 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-07-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-07-20", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-07-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15674, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-07-19T11:08:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-19T02:08:25Z", "ms": -897947495165.4167 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-20T13:13:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-20T04:13:11Z", "ms": -897853608951.0581 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-07-19T11:08:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-19T02:08:25Z", "ms": -897947495165.4167 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-20T13:13:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-20T04:13:11Z", "ms": -897853608951.0581 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-19T06:47:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-18T21:47:11Z", "ms": -897963168922.1395 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-19T06:47:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-18T21:47:11Z", "ms": -897963168922.1395 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-20T06:47:53+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-19T21:47:53Z", "ms": -897876727089.7266 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-20T06:47:53+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-19T21:47:53Z", "ms": -897876727089.7266 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:08 on Sat 19 Jul to 13:13 on Sun 20 Jul.", "fact": "1941-07-19T02:08:25Z → 1941-07-20T04:13:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:47 on the 19th and 06:48 on the 20th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15674 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 20 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kāmikā Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Sunday 20 July. Ekādaśī runs from 11:08 on Sat 19 Jul to 13:13 on Sun 20 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-07-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-07-21", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-07-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18161, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-07-21T14:51:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-21T05:51:38Z", "ms": -897761302490.4375 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-22T15:59:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-22T06:59:00Z", "ms": -897670859627.7177 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-07-21T14:51:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-21T05:51:38Z", "ms": -897761302490.4375 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-22T15:59:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-22T06:59:00Z", "ms": -897670859627.7177 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-21T21:02:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-21T12:02:18Z", "ms": -897739061574.117 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-21T22:20:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-21T13:20:34Z", "ms": -897734365603.1959 } }, "covered_min": 78, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-07-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-22T21:01:41+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-22T12:01:41Z", "ms": -897652699047.4272 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-22T22:20:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-22T13:20:08Z", "ms": -897647992294.4307 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:52 on Mon 21 Jul to 15:59 on Tue 22 Jul.", "fact": "1941-07-21T05:51:38Z → 1941-07-22T06:59:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 21:02–22:21 on the 21st, 21:02–22:20 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 78 of 78 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 78 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18161 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 21 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Monday 21 July. Trayodaśī runs from 14:52 on Mon 21 Jul to 15:59 on Tue 22 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-07-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-07-22", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-07-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32262, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-07-22T15:59:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-22T06:59:00Z", "ms": -897670859627.7177 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-23T16:34:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-23T07:34:11Z", "ms": -897582348573.3768 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-07-22T15:59:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-22T06:59:00Z", "ms": -897670859627.7177 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-23T16:34:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-23T07:34:11Z", "ms": -897582348573.3768 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-07-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-23T01:31:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-22T16:31:51Z", "ms": -897636488723.6902 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-23T02:19:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-22T17:19:51Z", "ms": -897633608723.6902 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-07-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-24T01:31:54+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-23T16:31:54Z", "ms": -897550086334.1254 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-24T02:19:54+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-23T17:19:54Z", "ms": -897547206334.1254 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 15:59 on Tue 22 Jul to 16:34 on Wed 23 Jul.", "fact": "1941-07-22T06:59:00Z → 1941-07-23T07:34:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:32–02:20 on the 22nd, 01:32–02:20 on the 23rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32262 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 22 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1941 falls on Tuesday 22 July. Caturdaśī runs from 15:59 on Tue 22 Jul to 16:34 on Wed 23 Jul and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-07-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/madhusrava-tritiya", "festival": "madhusrava-tritiya", "name": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Hariyali Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-07-27", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 122, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1941-07-26T15:28:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-26T06:28:43Z", "ms": -897327076920.9418 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-27T14:21:36+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-27T05:21:36Z", "ms": -897244703755.2203 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-07-26T15:28:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-26T06:28:43Z", "ms": -897327076920.9418 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-27T14:21:36+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-27T05:21:36Z", "ms": -897244703755.2203 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-07-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-26T13:31:35+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-26T04:31:35Z", "ms": -897334105174.858 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-26T14:19:35+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-26T05:19:35Z", "ms": -897331225174.858 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-07-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-27T13:31:35+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-27T04:31:35Z", "ms": -897247705321.7168 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-27T14:19:35+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-27T05:19:35Z", "ms": -897244825321.7168 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 15:29 on Sat 26 Jul to 14:22 on Sun 27 Jul.", "fact": "1941-07-26T06:28:43Z → 1941-07-27T05:21:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:32–14:20 on the 26th, 13:32–14:20 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 122 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 27 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "madhusrava-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Madhusrava (Gujerat) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-27", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Madhusravā Tṛtīyā (Hariyali Teej) 1941 falls on Sunday 27 July. Tṛtīyā runs from 15:29 on Sat 26 Jul to 14:22 on Sun 27 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It is 2 min 02 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/madhusrava-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/naga-panchami", "festival": "naga-panchami", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-07-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2050, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1941-07-28T12:57:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-28T03:57:24Z", "ms": -897163355856.2275 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-29T11:18:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-29T02:18:33Z", "ms": -897082886643.7698 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-07-28T12:57:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-28T03:57:24Z", "ms": -897163355856.2275 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-29T11:18:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-29T02:18:33Z", "ms": -897082886643.7698 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-07-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-28T13:31:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-28T04:31:34Z", "ms": -897161306069.8752 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-28T14:19:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-28T05:19:34Z", "ms": -897158426069.8752 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-07-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-29T13:31:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-29T04:31:33Z", "ms": -897074907426.299 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-29T14:19:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-29T05:19:33Z", "ms": -897072027426.299 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 12:57 on Mon 28 Jul to 11:19 on Tue 29 Jul.", "fact": "1941-07-28T03:57:24Z → 1941-07-29T02:18:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:32–14:20 on the 28th, 13:32–14:20 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2050 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 28 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Nāga Pañcamī 1941 falls on Monday 28 July. Pañcamī runs from 12:57 on Mon 28 Jul to 11:19 on Tue 29 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/naga-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-07-28", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-07-28", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 122, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-07-27T14:21:36+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-27T05:21:36Z", "ms": -897244703755.2203 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-28T12:57:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-28T03:57:24Z", "ms": -897163355856.2275 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-07-27T14:21:36+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-27T05:21:36Z", "ms": -897244703755.2203 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-28T12:57:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-28T03:57:24Z", "ms": -897163355856.2275 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-07-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-27T13:31:35+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-27T04:31:35Z", "ms": -897247705321.7168 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-27T14:19:35+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-27T05:19:35Z", "ms": -897244825321.7168 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-07-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-07-28T13:31:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-28T04:31:34Z", "ms": -897161306069.8752 }, "end": { "local": "1941-07-28T14:19:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-07-28T05:19:34Z", "ms": -897158426069.8752 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:22 on Sun 27 Jul to 12:57 on Mon 28 Jul.", "fact": "1941-07-27T05:21:36Z → 1941-07-28T03:57:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:32–14:20 on the 27th, 13:32–14:20 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: unstated → second-day · margin 122 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 28 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-28", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-07-27", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1941 falls on Monday 28 July. Caturthī runs from 14:22 on Sun 27 Jul to 12:57 on Mon 28 Jul, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day. It is 2 min 02 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-07-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-08-03", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23313, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-08-03T00:29:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-02T15:29:48Z", "ms": -896689812307.8757 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-03T22:07:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-03T13:07:10Z", "ms": -896611970485.4597 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-03T00:29:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-02T15:29:48Z", "ms": -896689812307.8757 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-03T22:07:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-03T13:07:10Z", "ms": -896611970485.4597 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-03T06:58:21+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-02T21:58:21Z", "ms": -896666498986.4948 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-03T06:58:21+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-02T21:58:21Z", "ms": -896666498986.4948 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-04T06:59:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-03T21:59:08Z", "ms": -896580052347.6484 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-04T06:59:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-03T21:59:08Z", "ms": -896580052347.6484 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:30 on Sun 3 Aug to 22:07 on Sun 3 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-02T15:29:48Z → 1941-08-03T13:07:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:58 on the 3rd and 06:59 on the 4th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 3rd and is not on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 23313 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 3 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Putradā Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Sunday 3 August. Ekādaśī runs from 00:30 on Sun 3 Aug to 22:07 on Sun 3 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-08-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/damodara-dvadashi", "festival": "damodara-dvadashi", "name": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19864, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-08-03T22:07:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-03T13:07:10Z", "ms": -896611970485.4597 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-04T19:50:15+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-04T10:50:15Z", "ms": -896533784853.9437 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-03T22:07:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-03T13:07:10Z", "ms": -896611970485.4597 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-04T19:50:15+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-04T10:50:15Z", "ms": -896533784853.9437 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-03T13:31:17+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-03T04:31:17Z", "ms": -896642923456.2747 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-03T14:19:17+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-03T05:19:17Z", "ms": -896640043456.2747 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-04T13:31:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-04T04:31:11Z", "ms": -896556528510.7363 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-04T14:19:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-04T05:19:11Z", "ms": -896553648510.7363 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 22:07 on Sun 3 Aug to 19:50 on Mon 4 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-03T13:07:10Z → 1941-08-04T10:50:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:31–14:19 on the 3rd, 13:31–14:19 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 19864 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 4 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "damodara-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Buddha dvadasi, Damodara dvadasi (purvaviddha), Visnu-pavitraropana." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Dāmodara Dvādaśī 1941 falls on Monday 4 August. Dvādaśī runs from 22:07 on Sun 3 Aug to 19:50 on Mon 4 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/damodara-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-08-04", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3660, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-08-04T19:50:15+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-04T10:50:15Z", "ms": -896533784853.9437 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-05T17:45:17+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-05T08:45:17Z", "ms": -896454883036.0599 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-04T19:50:15+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-04T10:50:15Z", "ms": -896533784853.9437 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-05T17:45:17+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-05T08:45:17Z", "ms": -896454883036.0599 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-04T20:51:15+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-04T11:51:15Z", "ms": -896530124673.8241 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-04T22:12:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-04T13:12:25Z", "ms": -896525255464.3291 } }, "covered_min": 81, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-05T20:50:17+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-05T11:50:17Z", "ms": -896443782742.8888 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-05T22:11:40+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-05T13:11:40Z", "ms": -896438899546.1265 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 19:50 on Mon 4 Aug to 17:45 on Tue 5 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-04T10:50:15Z → 1941-08-05T08:45:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:51–22:12 on the 4th, 20:50–22:12 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 81 of 81 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 81 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3660 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 4 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Monday 4 August. Trayodaśī runs from 19:50 on Mon 4 Aug to 17:45 on Tue 5 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-08-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/raksha-bandhana", "festival": "raksha-bandhana", "name": "Rakṣā Bandhana", "everyday": "Rakhi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-07", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 13584, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1941-08-06T15:59:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-06T06:59:01Z", "ms": -896374858727.4689 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-07T14:38:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-07T05:38:20Z", "ms": -896293300063.2812 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "second-half", "start": { "local": "1941-08-07T03:15:04+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-06T18:15:04Z", "ms": -896334296184.5933 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-07T14:38:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-07T05:38:20Z", "ms": -896293300063.2812 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-06T07:00:41+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-05T22:00:41Z", "ms": -896407158767.1716 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-07T07:01:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-06T22:01:28Z", "ms": -896320711855.3651 } }, "covered_min": 226, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-08-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-07T07:01:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-06T22:01:28Z", "ms": -896320711855.3651 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-08T07:02:15+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-07T22:02:15Z", "ms": -896234264879.8551 } }, "covered_min": 457, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 15:59 on Wed 6 Aug to 14:38 on Thu 7 Aug. Its second half begins at 03:15 on Thu 7 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-06T06:59:01Z → 1941-08-07T05:38:20Z · second half from 1941-08-06T18:15:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 07:01 on the 6th, and from 07:01 on the 7th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The second half of Pūrṇimā must be present during the day. It covers 226 of 1441 minutes on the 6th and 457 of 1441 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both days qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 13584 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rakṣā Bandhana, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 7 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "raksha-bandhana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "day", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated", "half": "second" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-07", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-07", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rakṣā Bandhana (Rakhi) 1941 falls on Thursday 7 August. The second half of Pūrṇimā runs from 03:15 on Thu 7 Aug to 14:38 on Thu 7 Aug and falls on two days: 457 minutes of it on the 7th, 226 on the 6th; the rule does not say which to take, and the day that holds more of it is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/raksha-bandhana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/rishi-tarpana", "festival": "rishi-tarpana", "name": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1167, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1941-08-06T15:59:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-06T06:59:01Z", "ms": -896374858727.4689 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-07T14:38:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-07T05:38:20Z", "ms": -896293300063.2812 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-06T15:59:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-06T06:59:01Z", "ms": -896374858727.4689 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-07T14:38:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-07T05:38:20Z", "ms": -896293300063.2812 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-06T13:31:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-06T04:31:00Z", "ms": -896383740435.6526 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-06T14:19:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-06T05:19:00Z", "ms": -896380860435.6526 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-08-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-07T13:30:53+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-07T04:30:53Z", "ms": -896297347291.7253 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-07T14:18:53+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-07T05:18:53Z", "ms": -896294467291.7253 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 15:59 on Wed 6 Aug to 14:38 on Thu 7 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-06T06:59:01Z → 1941-08-07T05:38:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:31–14:19 on the 6th, 13:31–14:19 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1167 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 7 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa 1941 falls on Thursday 7 August. Pūrṇimā runs from 15:59 on Wed 6 Aug to 14:38 on Thu 7 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/rishi-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27189, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1941-08-08T13:49:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-08T04:49:33Z", "ms": -896209827272.6697 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-09T13:37:40+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-09T04:37:40Z", "ms": -896124139777.8774 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-08T13:49:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-08T04:49:33Z", "ms": -896209827272.6697 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-09T13:37:40+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-09T04:37:40Z", "ms": -896124139777.8774 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-08T21:22:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-08T12:22:42Z", "ms": -896182638457.5907 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-08T21:22:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-08T12:22:42Z", "ms": -896182638457.5907 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-08-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-09T21:58:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-09T12:58:42Z", "ms": -896094077976.5399 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-09T21:58:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-09T12:58:42Z", "ms": -896094077976.5399 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 13:50 on Fri 8 Aug to 13:38 on Sat 9 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-08T04:49:33Z → 1941-08-09T04:37:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:23 on the 8th and 21:59 on the 9th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 8th and is not on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27189 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 8 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunyasayana vrata (Dvitiya current at moonrise; if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata 1941 falls on Friday 8 August. Dvitīyā runs from 13:50 on Fri 8 Aug to 13:38 on Sat 9 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/kajjali-tritiya", "festival": "kajjali-tritiya", "name": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Kajari Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 423, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 17, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1941-08-09T13:37:40+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-09T04:37:40Z", "ms": -896124139777.8774 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-10T14:05:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-10T05:05:29Z", "ms": -896036070910.9069 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-09T13:37:40+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-09T04:37:40Z", "ms": -896124139777.8774 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-10T14:05:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-10T05:05:29Z", "ms": -896036070910.9069 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-09T13:30:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-09T04:30:37Z", "ms": -896124562748.9949 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-09T14:18:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-09T05:18:37Z", "ms": -896121682748.9949 } }, "covered_min": 41, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-10T13:30:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-10T04:30:29Z", "ms": -896038171332.0281 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-10T14:18:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-10T05:18:29Z", "ms": -896035291332.0281 } }, "covered_min": 35, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 13:38 on Sat 9 Aug to 14:05 on Sun 10 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-09T04:37:40Z → 1941-08-10T05:05:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:31–14:19 on the 9th, 13:30–14:18 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 41 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 35 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 423 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 10 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kajjali-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 3 Kajjali trtiya, (paraviddha), Angaveta trtiya (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kajjalī Tṛtīyā (Kajari Teej) 1941 falls on Sunday 10 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 13:38 on Sat 9 Aug to 14:05 on Sun 10 Aug and covers 35 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 41 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/kajjali-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/bahula-chaturthi", "festival": "bahula-chaturthi", "name": "Bahulā Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10053, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-08-10T14:05:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-10T05:05:29Z", "ms": -896036070910.9069 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-11T15:12:36+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-11T06:12:36Z", "ms": -895945643835.3395 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-10T14:05:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-10T05:05:29Z", "ms": -896036070910.9069 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-11T15:12:36+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-11T06:12:36Z", "ms": -895945643835.3395 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-10T18:00:52+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-10T09:00:52Z", "ms": -896021947660.9059 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-10T20:45:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-10T11:45:08Z", "ms": -896012091880.1578 } }, "covered_min": 164, "window_min": 164, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-11T18:00:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-11T09:00:09Z", "ms": -895935590544.4996 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-11T20:44:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-11T11:44:03Z", "ms": -895925757259.2998 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 164, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:05 on Sun 10 Aug to 15:13 on Mon 11 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-10T05:05:29Z → 1941-08-11T06:12:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 18:01–20:45 on the 10th, 18:00–20:44 on the 11th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 164 of 164 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 164 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 10053 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bahulā Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 10 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bahula-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Bahula caturthi (Madhyadesa) (Sayahnavyapini: if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the 1st day)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Bahulā Caturthī 1941 falls on Sunday 10 August. Caturthī runs from 14:05 on Sun 10 Aug to 15:13 on Mon 11 Aug and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/bahula-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-08-10", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28352, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-08-10T14:05:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-10T05:05:29Z", "ms": -896036070910.9069 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-11T15:12:36+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-11T06:12:36Z", "ms": -895945643835.3395 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-10T14:05:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-10T05:05:29Z", "ms": -896036070910.9069 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-11T15:12:36+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-11T06:12:36Z", "ms": -895945643835.3395 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-10T22:32:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-10T13:32:30Z", "ms": -896005650077.5366 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-10T22:32:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-10T13:32:30Z", "ms": -896005650077.5366 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-11T23:05:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-11T14:05:08Z", "ms": -895917291853.0911 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-11T23:05:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-11T14:05:08Z", "ms": -895917291853.0911 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:05 on Sun 10 Aug to 15:13 on Mon 11 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-10T05:05:29Z → 1941-08-11T06:12:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:32 on the 10th and 23:05 on the 11th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 10th and is not on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28352 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 10 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1941 falls on Sunday 10 August. Caturthī runs from 14:05 on Sun 10 Aug to 15:13 on Mon 11 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-08-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/hala-shashthi", "festival": "hala-shashthi", "name": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9395, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1941-08-12T16:54:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-12T07:54:44Z", "ms": -895853115562.3671 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-13T19:03:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-13T10:03:30Z", "ms": -895758990237.8173 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-12T16:54:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-12T07:54:44Z", "ms": -895853115562.3671 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-13T19:03:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-13T10:03:30Z", "ms": -895758990237.8173 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-12T13:30:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-12T04:30:10Z", "ms": -895865390160.5168 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-12T14:18:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-12T05:18:10Z", "ms": -895862510160.5168 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-13T13:30:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-13T04:30:00Z", "ms": -895779000387.4089 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-13T14:18:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-13T05:18:00Z", "ms": -895776120387.4089 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 16:55 on Tue 12 Aug to 19:03 on Wed 13 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-12T07:54:44Z → 1941-08-13T10:03:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:30–14:18 on the 12th, 13:30–14:18 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9395 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 13 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "hala-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Hala sasthi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Hala Ṣaṣṭhī 1941 falls on Wednesday 13 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 16:55 on Tue 12 Aug to 19:03 on Wed 13 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/hala-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/janmashtami", "festival": "janmashtami", "name": "Janmāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5938, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1941-08-14T21:26:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-14T12:26:56Z", "ms": -895663984027.5468 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-15T23:51:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-15T14:51:03Z", "ms": -895568936962.486 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-14T21:26:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-14T12:26:56Z", "ms": -895663984027.5468 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-15T23:51:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-15T14:51:03Z", "ms": -895568936962.486 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-15T01:30:12+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-14T16:30:12Z", "ms": -895649387585.8108 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-15T02:18:12+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-14T17:18:12Z", "ms": -895646507585.8108 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-08-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-16T01:30:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-15T16:30:01Z", "ms": -895562998872.374 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-16T02:18:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-15T17:18:01Z", "ms": -895560118872.374 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 21:27 on Thu 14 Aug to 23:51 on Fri 15 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-14T12:26:56Z → 1941-08-15T14:51:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:30–02:18 on the 14th, 01:30–02:18 on the 15th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5938 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Janmāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 14 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "janmashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Janmastami (madhyaratra-vyapini), if midnight is covered on two days, or not on any day, it is to be observed on the 2nd day; special when combined with naksatra 'Rohini' at midnight, more so when on Monday or Wednesday. If the combination occurs before midnight and 'Rohini' extends up to midnight, it is to be observed on that day. Gokulastami." } ], "not_evaluated": "The clauses on Rohiṇī nakṣatra, the Vaiṣṇava observance on the day after saptamī, and the Assam and South India reckoning in the solar month belong to other readings and are not applied.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Janmāṣṭamī 1941 falls on Thursday 14 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 21:27 on Thu 14 Aug to 23:51 on Fri 15 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/janmashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/shitala-saptami", "festival": "shitala-saptami", "name": "Śītalā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17130, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 21, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1941-08-13T19:03:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-13T10:03:30Z", "ms": -895758990237.8173 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-14T21:26:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-14T12:26:56Z", "ms": -895663984027.5468 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-13T19:03:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-13T10:03:30Z", "ms": -895758990237.8173 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-14T21:26:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-14T12:26:56Z", "ms": -895663984027.5468 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-13T13:30:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-13T04:30:00Z", "ms": -895779000387.4089 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-13T14:18:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-13T05:18:00Z", "ms": -895776120387.4089 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-14T13:29:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-14T04:29:49Z", "ms": -895692611143.7075 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-14T14:17:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-14T05:17:49Z", "ms": -895689731143.7075 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 19:03 on Wed 13 Aug to 21:27 on Thu 14 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-13T10:03:30Z → 1941-08-14T12:26:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:30–14:18 on the 13th, 13:30–14:18 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 17130 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalā Saptamī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 14 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitala-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 7 Sitala saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śītalā Saptamī 1941 falls on Thursday 14 August. Saptamī runs from 19:03 on Wed 13 Aug to 21:27 on Thu 14 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/shitala-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-08-18", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ajā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7901, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-08-18T03:47:22+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-17T18:47:22Z", "ms": -895381957703.4885 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-19T04:59:12+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-18T19:59:12Z", "ms": -895291248457.6604 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-18T03:47:22+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-17T18:47:22Z", "ms": -895381957703.4885 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-19T04:59:12+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-18T19:59:12Z", "ms": -895291248457.6604 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-18T07:10:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-17T22:10:06Z", "ms": -895369794008.2383 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-18T07:10:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-17T22:10:06Z", "ms": -895369794008.2383 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-19T07:10:53+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-18T22:10:53Z", "ms": -895283347027.7173 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-19T07:10:53+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-18T22:10:53Z", "ms": -895283347027.7173 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 03:47 on Mon 18 Aug to 04:59 on Tue 19 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-17T18:47:22Z → 1941-08-18T19:59:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:10 on the 18th and 07:11 on the 19th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 18th and is not on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7901 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ajā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 18 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ajā Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Monday 18 August. Ekādaśī runs from 03:47 on Mon 18 Aug to 04:59 on Tue 19 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-08-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-08-20", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26961, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-08-20T05:32:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-19T20:32:56Z", "ms": -895202823905.965 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-21T05:28:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-20T20:28:01Z", "ms": -895116719146.6774 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-20T05:32:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-19T20:32:56Z", "ms": -895202823905.965 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-21T05:28:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-20T20:28:01Z", "ms": -895116719146.6774 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-19T20:34:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-19T11:34:42Z", "ms": -895235118051.8846 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-19T21:59:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-19T12:59:38Z", "ms": -895230022325.3269 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-20T20:33:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-20T11:33:28Z", "ms": -895148792450.6937 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-20T21:58:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-20T12:58:39Z", "ms": -895143680556.1351 } }, "covered_min": 85, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:33 on Wed 20 Aug to 05:28 on Thu 21 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-19T20:32:56Z → 1941-08-20T20:28:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:35–22:00 on the 19th, 20:33–21:59 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 85 minutes on the 19th and 85 of 85 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26961 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 20 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Wednesday 20 August. Trayodaśī runs from 05:33 on Wed 20 Aug to 05:28 on Thu 21 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-08-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/aghora-chaturdashi", "festival": "aghora-chaturdashi", "name": "Aghora Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24551, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-08-21T05:28:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-20T20:28:01Z", "ms": -895116719146.6774 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-22T04:46:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-21T19:46:51Z", "ms": -895032789011.1198 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-21T05:28:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-20T20:28:01Z", "ms": -895116719146.6774 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-22T04:46:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-21T19:46:51Z", "ms": -895032789011.1198 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-20T20:33:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-20T11:33:28Z", "ms": -895148792450.6937 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-20T21:58:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-20T12:58:39Z", "ms": -895143680556.1351 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-21T20:32:12+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-21T11:32:12Z", "ms": -895062467714.9589 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-21T21:57:40+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-21T12:57:40Z", "ms": -895057339546.6005 } }, "covered_min": 85, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:28 on Thu 21 Aug to 04:47 on Fri 22 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-20T20:28:01Z → 1941-08-21T19:46:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:33–21:59 on the 20th, 20:32–21:58 on the 21st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 85 minutes on the 20th and 85 of 85 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24551 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aghora Caturdaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 21 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aghora-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Aghora caturdasi (pradosa vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Aghora Caturdaśī 1941 falls on Thursday 21 August. Caturdaśī runs from 05:28 on Thu 21 Aug to 04:47 on Fri 22 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/aghora-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-08-21", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9008, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-08-21T05:28:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-20T20:28:01Z", "ms": -895116719146.6774 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-22T04:46:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-21T19:46:51Z", "ms": -895032789011.1198 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-21T05:28:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-20T20:28:01Z", "ms": -895116719146.6774 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-22T04:46:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-21T19:46:51Z", "ms": -895032789011.1198 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-21T01:28:57+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-20T16:28:57Z", "ms": -895131062846.0989 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-21T02:16:57+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-20T17:16:57Z", "ms": -895128182846.0989 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-22T01:28:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-21T16:28:43Z", "ms": -895044677083.615 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-22T02:16:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-21T17:16:43Z", "ms": -895041797083.615 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:28 on Thu 21 Aug to 04:47 on Fri 22 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-20T20:28:01Z → 1941-08-21T19:46:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:29–02:17 on the 20th, 01:29–02:17 on the 21st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9008 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 21 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1941 falls on Thursday 21 August. Caturdaśī runs from 05:28 on Thu 21 Aug to 04:47 on Fri 22 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-08-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/rudra-vrata", "festival": "rudra-vrata", "name": "Rudra Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35635, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1941-08-23T03:33:55+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-22T18:33:55Z", "ms": -894950765445.563 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-24T01:54:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-23T16:54:49Z", "ms": -894870311103.4447 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-23T03:33:55+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-22T18:33:55Z", "ms": -894950765445.563 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-24T01:54:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-23T16:54:49Z", "ms": -894870311103.4447 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-23T13:27:50+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-23T04:27:50Z", "ms": -894915130240.5078 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-23T14:15:50+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-23T05:15:50Z", "ms": -894912250240.5078 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-24T13:27:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-24T04:27:34Z", "ms": -894828745784.0704 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-24T14:15:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-24T05:15:34Z", "ms": -894825865784.0704 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 03:34 on Sat 23 Aug to 01:55 on Sun 24 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-22T18:33:55Z → 1941-08-23T16:54:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:28–14:16 on the 23rd, 13:28–14:16 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 35635 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rudra Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 23 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rudra-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Rudra vrata (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rudra Vrata 1941 falls on Saturday 23 August. Pratipadā runs from 03:34 on Sat 23 Aug to 01:55 on Sun 24 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/rudra-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/haritalika-vrata", "festival": "haritalika-vrata", "name": "Haritālikā Vrata", "everyday": "Hartalika Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26822, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1941-08-24T23:55:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-24T14:55:38Z", "ms": -894791062363.8566 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-25T21:42:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-25T12:42:20Z", "ms": -894712660212.1337 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-24T23:55:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-24T14:55:38Z", "ms": -894791062363.8566 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-25T21:42:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-25T12:42:20Z", "ms": -894712660212.1337 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-24T13:27:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-24T04:27:34Z", "ms": -894828745784.0704 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-24T14:15:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-24T05:15:34Z", "ms": -894825865784.0704 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-25T13:27:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-25T04:27:18Z", "ms": -894742361757.4255 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-25T14:15:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-25T05:15:18Z", "ms": -894739481757.4255 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 23:56 on Sun 24 Aug to 21:42 on Mon 25 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-24T14:55:38Z → 1941-08-25T12:42:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:28–14:16 on the 24th, 13:27–14:15 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 48 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26822 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Haritālikā Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 25 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "haritalika-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Haritalika vrata (paraviddha), Gauri vrata (Orissa), Gauri (Mysore)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Haritālikā Vrata (Hartalika Teej) 1941 falls on Monday 25 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 23:56 on Sun 24 Aug to 21:42 on Mon 25 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/haritalika-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ganesha-chaturthi", "festival": "ganesha-chaturthi", "name": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18328, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-08-25T21:42:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-25T12:42:20Z", "ms": -894712660212.1337 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-26T19:20:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-26T10:20:30Z", "ms": -894634770005.4788 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-25T21:42:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-25T12:42:20Z", "ms": -894712660212.1337 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-26T19:20:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-26T10:20:30Z", "ms": -894634770005.4788 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-25T13:27:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-25T04:27:18Z", "ms": -894742361757.4255 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-25T14:15:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-25T05:15:18Z", "ms": -894739481757.4255 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-26T13:27:02+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-26T04:27:02Z", "ms": -894655978150.9388 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-26T14:15:02+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-26T05:15:02Z", "ms": -894653098150.9388 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:42 on Mon 25 Aug to 19:20 on Tue 26 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-25T12:42:20Z → 1941-08-26T10:20:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:27–14:15 on the 25th, 13:27–14:15 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 18328 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 26 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Varada caturthi (purvaviddha, madhyahnavyapini), Samvatsari parva (Jain-caturthi paksa), Saubhagya caturthi (Bengal), Ganesa caturthi (madhyahna vyapini and purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Gaṇeśa Caturthī 1941 falls on Tuesday 26 August. Caturthī runs from 21:42 on Mon 25 Aug to 19:20 on Tue 26 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ganesha-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/rishi-panchami", "festival": "rishi-panchami", "name": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9623, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1941-08-26T19:20:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-26T10:20:30Z", "ms": -894634770005.4788 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-27T16:55:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-27T07:55:08Z", "ms": -894557091917.9285 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-26T19:20:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-26T10:20:30Z", "ms": -894634770005.4788 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-27T16:55:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-27T07:55:08Z", "ms": -894557091917.9285 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-26T13:27:02+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-26T04:27:02Z", "ms": -894655978150.9388 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-26T14:15:02+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-26T05:15:02Z", "ms": -894653098150.9388 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-27T13:26:45+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-27T04:26:45Z", "ms": -894569594953.9663 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-27T14:14:45+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-27T05:14:45Z", "ms": -894566714953.9663 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 19:20 on Tue 26 Aug to 16:55 on Wed 27 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-26T10:20:30Z → 1941-08-27T07:55:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:27–14:15 on the 26th, 13:27–14:15 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 9623 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 27 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 1941 falls on Wednesday 27 August. Pañcamī runs from 19:20 on Tue 26 Aug to 16:55 on Wed 27 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/rishi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "festival": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 968, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1941-08-27T16:55:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-27T07:55:08Z", "ms": -894557091917.9285 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-28T14:30:36+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-28T05:30:36Z", "ms": -894479363798.3022 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-27T16:55:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-27T07:55:08Z", "ms": -894557091917.9285 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-28T14:30:36+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-28T05:30:36Z", "ms": -894479363798.3022 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-27T13:26:45+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-27T04:26:45Z", "ms": -894569594953.9663 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-27T14:14:45+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-27T05:14:45Z", "ms": -894566714953.9663 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-28T13:26:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-28T04:26:28Z", "ms": -894483212154.6011 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-28T14:14:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-28T05:14:28Z", "ms": -894480332154.6011 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 16:55 on Wed 27 Aug to 14:31 on Thu 28 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-27T07:55:08Z → 1941-08-28T05:30:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:27–14:15 on the 27th, 13:26–14:14 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 968 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada), Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 28 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Surya sasthi (paraviddha), Lolarka sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada) 1941 falls on Thursday 28 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 16:55 on Wed 27 Aug to 14:31 on Thu 28 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/muktabharana-vrata", "festival": "muktabharana-vrata", "name": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 968, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1941-08-28T14:30:36+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-28T05:30:36Z", "ms": -894479363798.3022 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-29T12:10:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-29T03:10:42Z", "ms": -894401357979.2936 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-28T14:30:36+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-28T05:30:36Z", "ms": -894479363798.3022 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-29T12:10:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-29T03:10:42Z", "ms": -894401357979.2936 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-28T13:26:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-28T04:26:28Z", "ms": -894483212154.6011 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-28T14:14:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-28T05:14:28Z", "ms": -894480332154.6011 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-29T13:26:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-29T04:26:10Z", "ms": -894396829739.5242 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-29T14:14:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-29T05:14:10Z", "ms": -894393949739.5242 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 14:31 on Thu 28 Aug to 12:11 on Fri 29 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-28T05:30:36Z → 1941-08-29T03:10:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:26–14:14 on the 28th, 13:26–14:14 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → second-day · margin 968 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 29 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "muktabharana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Muktabharana vrata (purvaviddha), Lalita saptami (Bengal & Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Muktābharaṇa Vrata 1941 falls on Friday 29 August. Saptamī runs from 14:31 on Thu 28 Aug to 12:11 on Fri 29 Aug, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/muktabharana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/radhashtami", "festival": "radhashtami", "name": "Rādhāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-08-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4528, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1941-08-29T12:10:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-29T03:10:42Z", "ms": -894401357979.2936 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-30T09:58:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-30T00:58:46Z", "ms": -894322873591.8092 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-08-29T12:10:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-29T03:10:42Z", "ms": -894401357979.2936 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-30T09:58:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-30T00:58:46Z", "ms": -894322873591.8092 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-29T13:26:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-29T04:26:10Z", "ms": -894396829739.5242 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-29T14:14:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-29T05:14:10Z", "ms": -894393949739.5242 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-08-30T13:25:52+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-30T04:25:52Z", "ms": -894310447693.9563 }, "end": { "local": "1941-08-30T14:13:52+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-30T05:13:52Z", "ms": -894307567693.9563 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 12:11 on Fri 29 Aug to 09:59 on Sat 30 Aug.", "fact": "1941-08-29T03:10:42Z → 1941-08-30T00:58:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:26–14:14 on the 29th, 13:26–14:14 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4528 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rādhāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 29 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "radhashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Durvastami (purvaviddha — S 8 of saura Bhadra except Bengal), Mahalaksmi vratarambha, Radhastami (madhyahna vyapini)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rādhāṣṭamī 1941 falls on Friday 29 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 12:11 on Fri 29 Aug to 09:59 on Sat 30 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/radhashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-09-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4193, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-09-01T06:11:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-31T21:11:03Z", "ms": -894163737064.8865 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-02T04:41:16+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-01T19:41:16Z", "ms": -894082724214.0205 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-01T06:11:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-31T21:11:03Z", "ms": -894163737064.8865 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-02T04:41:16+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-01T19:41:16Z", "ms": -894082724214.0205 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-01T07:20:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-31T22:20:56Z", "ms": -894159543803.1982 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-01T07:20:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-08-31T22:20:56Z", "ms": -894159543803.1982 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-02T07:21:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-01T22:21:42Z", "ms": -894073098093.9613 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-02T07:21:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-01T22:21:42Z", "ms": -894073098093.9613 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:11 on Mon 1 Sep to 04:41 on Tue 2 Sep.", "fact": "1941-08-31T21:11:03Z → 1941-09-01T19:41:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:21 on the 1st and 07:22 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 1st and is not on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4193 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 1 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Parivartanī Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Monday 1 September. Ekādaśī runs from 06:11 on Mon 1 Sep to 04:41 on Tue 2 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-09-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vamana-jayanti", "festival": "vamana-jayanti", "name": "Vāmana Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31421, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-09-02T04:41:16+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-01T19:41:16Z", "ms": -894082724214.0205 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-03T03:31:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-02T18:31:42Z", "ms": -894000498271.7074 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-02T04:41:16+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-01T19:41:16Z", "ms": -894082724214.0205 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-03T03:31:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-02T18:31:42Z", "ms": -894000498271.7074 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-02T13:24:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-02T04:24:56Z", "ms": -894051303605.6995 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-02T14:12:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-02T05:12:56Z", "ms": -894048423605.6995 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-03T13:24:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-03T04:24:37Z", "ms": -893964922863.4666 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-03T14:12:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-03T05:12:37Z", "ms": -893962042863.4666 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 04:41 on Tue 2 Sep to 03:32 on Wed 3 Sep.", "fact": "1941-09-01T19:41:16Z → 1941-09-02T18:31:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:25–14:13 on the 2nd, 13:25–14:13 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31421 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vāmana Jayantī, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 2 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vamana-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Visnuparivartanotsava, Sakrotthana (in any of the naksatras U. Asadha, Sravana & Dhanistha), Kalki dvadasi, Sravana dvadasi (when combined with naksatra Sravana), Vamana jayanti (madhyahna vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vāmana Jayantī 1941 falls on Tuesday 2 September. Dvādaśī runs from 04:41 on Tue 2 Sep to 03:32 on Wed 3 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vamana-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-09-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18101, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-09-03T03:31:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-02T18:31:42Z", "ms": -894000498271.7074 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-04T02:45:35+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-03T17:45:35Z", "ms": -893916864744.7634 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-03T03:31:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-02T18:31:42Z", "ms": -894000498271.7074 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-04T02:45:35+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-03T17:45:35Z", "ms": -893916864744.7634 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-02T20:16:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-02T11:16:11Z", "ms": -894026629117.4377 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-02T21:45:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-02T12:45:01Z", "ms": -894021298897.6097 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-03T20:14:47+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-03T11:14:47Z", "ms": -893940313258.2056 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-03T21:43:54+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-03T12:43:54Z", "ms": -893934965746.14 } }, "covered_min": 89, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 03:32 on Wed 3 Sep to 02:46 on Thu 4 Sep.", "fact": "1941-09-02T18:31:42Z → 1941-09-03T17:45:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:16–21:45 on the 2nd, 20:15–21:44 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 89 minutes on the 2nd and 89 of 89 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18101 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 3 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Wednesday 3 September. Trayodaśī runs from 03:32 on Wed 3 Sep to 02:46 on Thu 4 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-09-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ananta-chaturdashi", "festival": "ananta-chaturdashi", "name": "Ananta Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16658, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-09-04T02:45:35+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-03T17:45:35Z", "ms": -893916864744.7634 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-05T02:26:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-04T17:26:05Z", "ms": -893831634787.8433 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-04T02:45:35+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-03T17:45:35Z", "ms": -893916864744.7634 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-05T02:26:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-04T17:26:05Z", "ms": -893831634787.8433 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-04T07:23:13+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-03T22:23:13Z", "ms": -893900206917.7139 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-04T09:57:15+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-04T00:57:15Z", "ms": -893890965109.7897 } }, "covered_min": 154, "window_min": 154, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-05T07:23:59+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-04T22:23:59Z", "ms": -893813761429.9885 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-05T09:57:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-05T00:57:34Z", "ms": -893804545733.1262 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 154, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 02:46 on Thu 4 Sep to 02:26 on Fri 5 Sep.", "fact": "1941-09-03T17:45:35Z → 1941-09-04T17:26:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 07:23–09:57 on the 4th, 07:24–09:58 on the 5th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 154 of 154 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 154 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16658 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ananta Caturdaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 4 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananta-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Ananta caturdasi (covering three muhurtas from sunrise, but one muhurta in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row asks for one muhūrta from sunrise; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ananta Caturdaśī 1941 falls on Thursday 4 September. Caturdaśī runs from 02:46 on Thu 4 Sep to 02:26 on Fri 5 Sep and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ananta-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-09-09", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30839, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-09-09T06:10:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-08T21:10:37Z", "ms": -893472563106.6367 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-10T08:16:32+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-09T23:16:32Z", "ms": -893378608240.4545 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-09T06:10:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-08T21:10:37Z", "ms": -893472563106.6367 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-10T08:16:32+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-09T23:16:32Z", "ms": -893378608240.4545 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-08T21:36:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-08T12:36:38Z", "ms": -893503402476.1443 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-08T21:36:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-08T12:36:38Z", "ms": -893503402476.1443 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-09T22:09:40+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-09T13:09:40Z", "ms": -893415020047.0892 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-09T22:09:40+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-09T13:09:40Z", "ms": -893415020047.0892 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:11 on Tue 9 Sep to 08:17 on Wed 10 Sep.", "fact": "1941-09-08T21:10:37Z → 1941-09-09T23:16:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:37 on the 8th and 22:10 on the 9th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 8th and is on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30839 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 9 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1941 falls on Tuesday 9 September. Caturthī runs from 06:11 on Tue 9 Sep to 08:17 on Wed 10 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-09-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/chandra-shashthi", "festival": "chandra-shashthi", "name": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39167, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1941-09-11T10:38:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-11T01:38:49Z", "ms": -893283670675.2897 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-12T13:06:41+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-12T04:06:41Z", "ms": -893188398979.3961 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-11T10:38:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-11T01:38:49Z", "ms": -893283670675.2897 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-12T13:06:41+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-12T04:06:41Z", "ms": -893188398979.3961 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-11T23:20:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-11T14:20:18Z", "ms": -893237982150.1978 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-11T23:20:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-11T14:20:18Z", "ms": -893237982150.1978 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-12T23:59:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-12T14:59:28Z", "ms": -893149231739.4293 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-12T23:59:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-12T14:59:28Z", "ms": -893149231739.4293 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 10:39 on Thu 11 Sep to 13:07 on Fri 12 Sep.", "fact": "1941-09-11T01:38:49Z → 1941-09-12T04:06:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:20 on the 11th and 23:59 on the 12th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 11th and is not on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 39167 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 11 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chandra-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Candra sasthi (Sasthi current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Candra Ṣaṣṭhī 1941 falls on Thursday 11 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 10:39 on Thu 11 Sep to 13:07 on Fri 12 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/chandra-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/jitashtami", "festival": "jitashtami", "name": "Jitāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Jitiya", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9026, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1941-09-13T15:27:31+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-13T06:27:31Z", "ms": -893093549119.1216 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-14T17:28:31+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-14T08:28:31Z", "ms": -892999889149.1628 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-13T15:27:31+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-13T06:27:31Z", "ms": -893093549119.1216 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-14T17:28:31+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-14T08:28:31Z", "ms": -892999889149.1628 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-13T20:00:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-13T11:00:24Z", "ms": -893077175887.3899 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-13T21:32:27+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-13T12:32:27Z", "ms": -893071652821.755 } }, "covered_min": 92, "window_min": 92, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-14T19:58:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-14T10:58:56Z", "ms": -892990863601.655 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-14T21:31:17+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-14T12:31:17Z", "ms": -892985322772.0739 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 92, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 15:28 on Sat 13 Sep to 17:29 on Sun 14 Sep.", "fact": "1941-09-13T06:27:31Z → 1941-09-14T08:28:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:00–21:32 on the 13th, 19:59–21:31 on the 14th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 92 of 92 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 92 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9026 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jitāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 13 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "jitashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Jitāṣṭamī (Jitiya) 1941 falls on Saturday 13 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 15:28 on Sat 13 Sep to 17:29 on Sun 14 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/jitashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "festival": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "name": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28817, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1941-09-13T15:27:31+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-13T06:27:31Z", "ms": -893093549119.1216 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-14T17:28:31+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-14T08:28:31Z", "ms": -892999889149.1628 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-13T15:27:31+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-13T06:27:31Z", "ms": -893093549119.1216 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-14T17:28:31+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-14T08:28:31Z", "ms": -892999889149.1628 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-14T00:42:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-13T15:42:08Z", "ms": -893060271596.8114 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-14T00:42:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-13T15:42:08Z", "ms": -893060271596.8114 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-15T01:28:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-14T16:28:48Z", "ms": -892971072385.0101 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-15T01:28:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-14T16:28:48Z", "ms": -892971072385.0101 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 15:28 on Sat 13 Sep to 17:29 on Sun 14 Sep.", "fact": "1941-09-13T06:27:31Z → 1941-09-14T08:28:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 00:42 on the 13th and 01:29 on the 14th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 13th and is not on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28817 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 13 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana 1941 falls on Saturday 13 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 15:28 on Sat 13 Sep to 17:29 on Sun 14 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-09-17", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Indirā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 41869, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-09-16T19:49:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-16T10:49:06Z", "ms": -892818654343.5417 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-17T19:56:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-17T10:56:01Z", "ms": -892731839352.8452 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-16T19:49:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-16T10:49:06Z", "ms": -892818654343.5417 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-17T19:56:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-17T10:56:01Z", "ms": -892731839352.8452 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-17T07:33:04+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-16T22:33:04Z", "ms": -892776416143.9597 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-17T07:33:04+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-16T22:33:04Z", "ms": -892776416143.9597 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-18T07:33:50+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-17T22:33:50Z", "ms": -892689970403.6398 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-18T07:33:50+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-17T22:33:50Z", "ms": -892689970403.6398 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 19:49 on Tue 16 Sep to 19:56 on Wed 17 Sep.", "fact": "1941-09-16T10:49:06Z → 1941-09-17T10:56:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:33 on the 17th and 07:34 on the 18th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 17th and is not on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 41869 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Indirā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 17 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Indirā Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Wednesday 17 September. Ekādaśī runs from 19:49 on Tue 16 Sep to 19:56 on Wed 17 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-09-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-09-18", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2070, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-09-18T19:18:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-18T10:18:34Z", "ms": -892647686069.5613 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-19T17:59:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-19T08:59:25Z", "ms": -892566034708.6177 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-18T19:18:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-18T10:18:34Z", "ms": -892647686069.5613 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-19T17:59:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-19T08:59:25Z", "ms": -892566034708.6177 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-18T19:53:04+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-18T10:53:04Z", "ms": -892645615632.5905 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-18T21:26:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-18T12:26:37Z", "ms": -892640003490.9325 } }, "covered_min": 94, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-19T19:51:36+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-19T10:51:36Z", "ms": -892559303795.9059 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-19T21:25:26+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-19T12:25:26Z", "ms": -892553673774.54 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 19:19 on Thu 18 Sep to 17:59 on Fri 19 Sep.", "fact": "1941-09-18T10:18:34Z → 1941-09-19T08:59:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:53–21:27 on the 18th, 19:52–21:25 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 94 of 94 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 94 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2070 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 18 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Thursday 18 September. Trayodaśī runs from 19:19 on Thu 18 Sep to 17:59 on Fri 19 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-09-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-09-19", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26403, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-09-19T17:59:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-19T08:59:25Z", "ms": -892566034708.6177 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-20T16:03:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-20T07:03:46Z", "ms": -892486574410.9227 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-19T17:59:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-19T08:59:25Z", "ms": -892566034708.6177 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-20T16:03:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-20T07:03:46Z", "ms": -892486574410.9227 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-20T01:19:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-19T16:19:29Z", "ms": -892539631215.7839 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-20T02:07:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-19T17:07:29Z", "ms": -892536751215.7839 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-21T01:19:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-20T16:19:08Z", "ms": -892453252280.7617 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-21T02:07:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-20T17:07:08Z", "ms": -892450372280.7617 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 17:59 on Fri 19 Sep to 16:04 on Sat 20 Sep.", "fact": "1941-09-19T08:59:25Z → 1941-09-20T07:03:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:19–02:07 on the 19th, 01:19–02:07 on the 20th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26403 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 19 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1941 falls on Friday 19 September. Caturdaśī runs from 17:59 on Fri 19 Sep to 16:04 on Sat 20 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-09-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/mahalaya-amavasya", "festival": "mahalaya-amavasya", "name": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā", "everyday": "Sarvapitṛ Amāvāsyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4052, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1941-09-20T16:03:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-20T07:03:46Z", "ms": -892486574410.9227 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-21T13:38:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-21T04:38:29Z", "ms": -892408891488.9794 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-20T16:03:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-20T07:03:46Z", "ms": -892486574410.9227 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-21T13:38:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-21T04:38:29Z", "ms": -892408891488.9794 } }, "kaala": "aparahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-20T14:56:13+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-20T05:56:13Z", "ms": -892490626635.3617 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-20T17:23:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-20T08:23:11Z", "ms": -892481809301.9283 } }, "covered_min": 79, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-09-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-21T14:55:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-21T05:55:39Z", "ms": -892404261112.3192 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-21T17:22:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-21T08:22:09Z", "ms": -892395470618.7494 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 16:04 on Sat 20 Sep to 13:38 on Sun 21 Sep.", "fact": "1941-09-20T07:03:46Z → 1941-09-21T04:38:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aparāhṇa is 10th to 12th of 15 day muhūrtas: 14:56–17:23 on the 20th, 14:56–17:22 on the 21st.", "fact": "aparahna: day-muhurta-10-12 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during aparāhṇa. It covers 79 of 147 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 147 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4052 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 20 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalaya-amavasya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Mahalaya amavasya (aparahnavyapini)" } ], "not_evaluated": "The note on p. 106 gives the first day in a decreasing tithimāna and the second in an increasing one, when amāvāsyā covers the whole of aparāhṇa on both days; tithimāna is not computed.", "kaala": "aparahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mahālaya Amāvāsyā 1941 falls on Saturday 20 September. Amāvasyā runs from 16:04 on Sat 20 Sep to 13:38 on Sun 21 Sep and covers 79 of 147 minutes of aparāhṇa that afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/mahalaya-amavasya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/navaratra-arambha", "festival": "navaratra-arambha", "name": "Navarātrārambha", "everyday": "Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1205, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1941-09-21T13:38:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-21T04:38:29Z", "ms": -892408891488.9794 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-22T10:51:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-22T01:51:29Z", "ms": -892332511408.7633 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-21T13:38:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-21T04:38:29Z", "ms": -892408891488.9794 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-22T10:51:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-22T01:51:29Z", "ms": -892332511408.7633 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-21T13:18:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-21T04:18:24Z", "ms": -892410096359.104 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-21T14:06:24+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-21T05:06:24Z", "ms": -892407216359.104 } }, "covered_min": 28, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-09-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-22T13:18:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-22T04:18:03Z", "ms": -892323717338.471 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-22T14:06:03+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-22T05:06:03Z", "ms": -892320837338.471 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 13:38 on Sun 21 Sep to 10:51 on Mon 22 Sep.", "fact": "1941-09-21T04:38:29Z → 1941-09-22T01:51:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:18–14:06 on the 21st, 13:18–14:06 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 28 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1205 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 21 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Navarātrārambha (Navratri) 1941 falls on Sunday 21 September. Pratipadā runs from 13:38 on Sun 21 Sep to 10:51 on Mon 22 Sep and covers 28 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/navaratra-arambha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-09-24", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30692, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-09-24T04:45:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-23T19:45:49Z", "ms": -892181650643.5957 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-25T01:43:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-24T16:43:37Z", "ms": -892106182960.8351 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-24T04:45:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-23T19:45:49Z", "ms": -892181650643.5957 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-25T01:43:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-24T16:43:37Z", "ms": -892106182960.8351 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-24T13:17:21+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-24T04:17:21Z", "ms": -892150959002.1614 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-24T14:05:21+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-24T05:05:21Z", "ms": -892148079002.1614 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-25T13:17:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-25T04:17:00Z", "ms": -892064579654.4495 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-25T14:05:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-25T05:05:00Z", "ms": -892061699654.4495 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:46 on Wed 24 Sep to 01:44 on Thu 25 Sep.", "fact": "1941-09-23T19:45:49Z → 1941-09-24T16:43:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:17–14:05 on the 24th, 13:17–14:05 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30692 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 24 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1941 falls on Wednesday 24 September. Caturthī runs from 04:46 on Wed 24 Sep to 01:44 on Thu 25 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-09-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/durga-saptami", "festival": "durga-saptami", "name": "Durgā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34584, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1941-09-26T20:17:19+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-26T11:17:19Z", "ms": -891952960756.0658 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-27T18:05:07+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-27T09:05:07Z", "ms": -891874493329.3103 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-26T20:17:19+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-26T11:17:19Z", "ms": -891952960756.0658 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-27T18:05:07+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-27T09:05:07Z", "ms": -891874493329.3103 } }, "kaala": "udaya-1", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-26T07:39:59+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-25T22:39:59Z", "ms": -891998400529.5515 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-26T08:28:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-25T23:28:05Z", "ms": -891995515147.5165 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-27T07:40:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-26T22:40:46Z", "ms": -891911953697.0879 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-27T08:28:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-26T23:28:43Z", "ms": -891909077272.577 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 20:17 on Fri 26 Sep to 18:05 on Sat 27 Sep.", "fact": "1941-09-26T11:17:19Z → 1941-09-27T09:05:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first muhūrta after sunrise is 1st of 15 day muhūrtas: 07:40–08:28 on the 26th, 07:41–08:29 on the 27th.", "fact": "udaya-1: day-muhurta-1-1 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must hold through the first muhūrta after sunrise. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34584 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Saptamī, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 27 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Durga saptami (paraviddha) — covering one muhurta from sunrise" } ], "kaala": "udaya-1", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Durgā Saptamī 1941 falls on Saturday 27 September. Saptamī runs from 20:17 on Fri 26 Sep to 18:05 on Sat 27 Sep and covers all of the first muhūrta after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/durga-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/mahashtami", "festival": "mahashtami", "name": "Mahāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Durga Ashtami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8120, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1941-09-27T18:05:07+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-27T09:05:07Z", "ms": -891874493329.3103 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-28T16:19:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-28T07:19:20Z", "ms": -891794440246.319 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-27T18:05:07+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-27T09:05:07Z", "ms": -891874493329.3103 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-28T16:19:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-28T07:19:20Z", "ms": -891794440246.319 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-27T13:16:19+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-27T04:16:19Z", "ms": -891891820513.2563 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-27T14:04:19+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-27T05:04:19Z", "ms": -891888940513.2563 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-28T13:15:59+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-28T04:15:59Z", "ms": -891805440681.7671 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-28T14:03:59+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-28T05:03:59Z", "ms": -891802560681.7671 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 18:05 on Sat 27 Sep to 16:19 on Sun 28 Sep.", "fact": "1941-09-27T09:05:07Z → 1941-09-28T07:19:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:16–14:04 on the 27th, 13:16–14:04 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 8120 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 28 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 1941 falls on Sunday 28 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 18:05 on Sat 27 Sep to 16:19 on Sun 28 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/mahashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/mahanavami", "festival": "mahanavami", "name": "Mahānavamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3534, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1941-09-28T16:19:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-28T07:19:20Z", "ms": -891794440246.319 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-29T15:02:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-29T06:02:33Z", "ms": -891712646712.0154 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-28T16:19:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-28T07:19:20Z", "ms": -891794440246.319 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-29T15:02:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-29T06:02:33Z", "ms": -891712646712.0154 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-28T13:15:59+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-28T04:15:59Z", "ms": -891805440681.7671 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-28T14:03:59+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-28T05:03:59Z", "ms": -891802560681.7671 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-29T13:15:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-29T04:15:39Z", "ms": -891719060649.1522 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-29T14:03:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-29T05:03:39Z", "ms": -891716180649.1522 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 16:19 on Sun 28 Sep to 15:03 on Mon 29 Sep.", "fact": "1941-09-28T07:19:20Z → 1941-09-29T06:02:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:16–14:04 on the 28th, 13:16–14:04 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3534 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahānavamī, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 29 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahanavami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Mahanavami (purvaviddha) (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha covering one muhurta from sunrise)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mahānavamī 1941 falls on Monday 29 September. Navamī runs from 16:19 on Sun 28 Sep to 15:03 on Mon 29 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/mahanavami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vijaya-dashami", "festival": "vijaya-dashami", "name": "Vijayā Daśamī", "everyday": "Dussehra", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-09-30", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 97, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 9, "key": "dashami", "name": "Daśamī", "start": { "local": "1941-09-29T15:02:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-29T06:02:33Z", "ms": -891712646712.0154 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-30T14:15:59+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-30T05:15:59Z", "ms": -891629040841.5112 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "conjunction", "start": { "local": "1941-09-30T07:44:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-29T22:44:44Z", "ms": -891652515631.8037 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-30T14:15:59+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-30T05:15:59Z", "ms": -891629040841.5112 }, "nakshatra": { "type": "nakshatra", "index": 21, "key": "shravana", "name": "Śravaṇa", "start": { "local": "1941-09-30T07:44:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-29T22:44:44Z", "ms": -891652515631.8037 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-01T08:00:31+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-30T23:00:31Z", "ms": -891565168678.3511 } } }, "kaala": "daytime", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-29T07:42:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-28T22:42:20Z", "ms": -891739059539.2722 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-29T19:36:58+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-29T10:36:58Z", "ms": -891696181759.0322 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 715, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-30T07:43:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-29T22:43:08Z", "ms": -891652612190.2035 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-30T19:35:31+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-30T10:35:31Z", "ms": -891609868597.3884 } }, "covered_min": 391, "window_min": 712, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Daśamī runs from 15:03 on Mon 29 Sep to 14:16 on Tue 30 Sep, and Śravaṇa from 07:45 on Tue 30 Sep to 08:01 on Wed 1 Oct. They are together from 07:45 on Tue 30 Sep to 14:16 on Tue 30 Sep.", "fact": "1941-09-29T22:44:44Z → 1941-09-30T05:15:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day time is sunrise to sunset: 07:42–19:37 on the 29th, 07:43–19:36 on the 30th.", "fact": "daytime: sunrise-to-sunset · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Where Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time, that day is taken. Together they cover 0 of 715 minutes on the 29th and 391 of 712 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 97 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Daśamī, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 30 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vijaya-dashami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 10 Vijaya dasami (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha, covering one muhurta from sunrise. In other places, if it touches Sravana naksatra in the day time it is observed on that day), Sarasvati visarjana (to be observed in naksatra Sravana), Dasahara." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day", "conjunction": { "nakshatra": "Śravaṇa", "kaala": "daytime" } }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-30", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-09-30", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vijayā Daśamī (Dussehra) 1941 falls on Tuesday 30 September. Daśamī runs from 15:03 on Mon 29 Sep to 14:16 on Tue 30 Sep and is with Śravaṇa in the day time that day, for 391 minutes. It is 1 min 37 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vijaya-dashami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-10-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22543, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-09-30T14:15:59+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-30T05:15:59Z", "ms": -891629040841.5112 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-01T13:59:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-01T04:59:38Z", "ms": -891543621656.9935 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-09-30T14:15:59+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-30T05:15:59Z", "ms": -891629040841.5112 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-01T13:59:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-01T04:59:38Z", "ms": -891543621656.9935 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-09-30T07:43:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-29T22:43:08Z", "ms": -891652612190.2035 }, "end": { "local": "1941-09-30T07:43:08+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-29T22:43:08Z", "ms": -891652612190.2035 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-01T07:43:55+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-30T22:43:55Z", "ms": -891566164643.4246 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-01T07:43:55+09:00", "utc": "1941-09-30T22:43:55Z", "ms": -891566164643.4246 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:16 on Tue 30 Sep to 14:00 on Wed 1 Oct.", "fact": "1941-09-30T05:15:59Z → 1941-10-01T04:59:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:43 on the 30th and 07:44 on the 1st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 30th and is on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22543 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 1 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Wednesday 1 October. Ekādaśī runs from 14:16 on Tue 30 Sep to 14:00 on Wed 1 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-10-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-10-02", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16656, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-10-02T14:12:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-02T05:12:39Z", "ms": -891456440737.5205 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-03T14:53:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-03T05:53:37Z", "ms": -891367582865.0452 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-02T14:12:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-02T05:12:39Z", "ms": -891456440737.5205 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-03T14:53:37+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-03T05:53:37Z", "ms": -891367582865.0452 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-02T19:32:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-02T10:32:39Z", "ms": -891437241364.7513 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-02T21:10:22+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-02T12:10:22Z", "ms": -891431378369.3763 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-10-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-03T19:31:13+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-03T10:31:13Z", "ms": -891350927230.0087 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-03T21:09:14+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-03T12:09:14Z", "ms": -891345046355.6908 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:13 on Thu 2 Oct to 14:54 on Fri 3 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-02T05:12:39Z → 1941-10-03T05:53:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:33–21:10 on the 2nd, 19:31–21:09 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 98 of 98 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 98 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16656 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 2 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Thursday 2 October. Trayodaśī runs from 14:13 on Thu 2 Oct to 14:54 on Fri 3 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-10-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/karaka-chaturthi", "festival": "karaka-chaturthi", "name": "Karaka Caturthī", "everyday": "Karwa Chauth", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9742, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-10-09T00:00:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-08T15:00:49Z", "ms": -890902750586.5186 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-10T02:31:47+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-09T17:31:47Z", "ms": -890807292517.6064 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-09T00:00:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-08T15:00:49Z", "ms": -890902750586.5186 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-10T02:31:47+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-09T17:31:47Z", "ms": -890807292517.6064 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-08T21:18:27+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-08T12:18:27Z", "ms": -890912492779.0175 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-08T21:18:27+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-08T12:18:27Z", "ms": -890912492779.0175 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-09T21:56:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-09T12:56:25Z", "ms": -890823814555.6454 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-09T21:56:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-09T12:56:25Z", "ms": -890823814555.6454 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:01 on Thu 9 Oct to 02:32 on Fri 10 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-08T15:00:49Z → 1941-10-09T17:31:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:18 on the 8th and 21:56 on the 9th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 8th and is on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 9742 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Karaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 9 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "karaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Karaka caturthi (current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Karaka Caturthī (Karwa Chauth) 1941 falls on Thursday 9 October. Caturthī runs from 00:01 on Thu 9 Oct to 02:32 on Fri 10 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/karaka-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-10-09", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9742, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-10-09T00:00:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-08T15:00:49Z", "ms": -890902750586.5186 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-10T02:31:47+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-09T17:31:47Z", "ms": -890807292517.6064 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-09T00:00:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-08T15:00:49Z", "ms": -890902750586.5186 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-10T02:31:47+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-09T17:31:47Z", "ms": -890807292517.6064 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-08T21:18:27+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-08T12:18:27Z", "ms": -890912492779.0175 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-08T21:18:27+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-08T12:18:27Z", "ms": -890912492779.0175 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-09T21:56:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-09T12:56:25Z", "ms": -890823814555.6454 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-09T21:56:25+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-09T12:56:25Z", "ms": -890823814555.6454 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:01 on Thu 9 Oct to 02:32 on Fri 10 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-08T15:00:49Z → 1941-10-09T17:31:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:18 on the 8th and 21:56 on the 9th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 8th and is on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9742 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 9 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1941 falls on Thursday 9 October. Caturthī runs from 00:01 on Thu 9 Oct to 02:32 on Fri 10 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-10-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ahoyi-ashtami", "festival": "ahoyi-ashtami", "name": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32278, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1941-10-13T09:08:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-13T00:08:20Z", "ms": -890524300068.7227 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-14T10:26:17+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-14T01:26:17Z", "ms": -890433222932.0516 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-13T09:08:20+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-13T00:08:20Z", "ms": -890524300068.7227 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-14T10:26:17+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-14T01:26:17Z", "ms": -890433222932.0516 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-13T00:10:22+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-12T15:10:22Z", "ms": -890556577846.8027 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-13T00:10:22+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-12T15:10:22Z", "ms": -890556577846.8027 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-10-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-14T01:02:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-13T16:02:28Z", "ms": -890467052389.0446 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-14T01:02:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-13T16:02:28Z", "ms": -890467052389.0446 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 09:08 on Mon 13 Oct to 10:26 on Tue 14 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-13T00:08:20Z → 1941-10-14T01:26:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 00:10 on the 12th and 01:02 on the 13th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 12th and is on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 32278 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 13 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ahoyi-ashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Ahoyi astami (Gujerat) (current at moonrise), Karastami (Maharashtra). If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ahoyī Aṣṭamī 1941 falls on Monday 13 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 09:08 on Mon 13 Oct to 10:26 on Tue 14 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ahoyi-ashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-10-17", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ramā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6855, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-10-16T10:50:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-16T01:50:51Z", "ms": -890258948780.6864 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-17T09:51:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-17T00:51:29Z", "ms": -890176111193.6351 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-16T10:50:51+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-16T01:50:51Z", "ms": -890258948780.6864 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-17T09:51:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-17T00:51:29Z", "ms": -890176111193.6351 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-16T07:56:22+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-15T22:56:22Z", "ms": -890269418307.2772 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-16T07:56:22+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-15T22:56:22Z", "ms": -890269418307.2772 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-10-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-17T07:57:14+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-16T22:57:14Z", "ms": -890182965839.4272 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-17T07:57:14+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-16T22:57:14Z", "ms": -890182965839.4272 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:51 on Thu 16 Oct to 09:51 on Fri 17 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-16T01:50:51Z → 1941-10-17T00:51:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:56 on the 16th and 07:57 on the 17th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 16th and is on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6855 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ramā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 17 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ramā Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Friday 17 October. Ekādaśī runs from 10:51 on Thu 16 Oct to 09:51 on Fri 17 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-10-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/govatsa-dvadashi", "festival": "govatsa-dvadashi", "name": "Govatsa Dvādaśī", "everyday": "Vasu Baras", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33637, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 26, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-10-17T09:51:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-17T00:51:29Z", "ms": -890176111193.6351 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-18T08:06:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-17T23:06:18Z", "ms": -890096021522.2338 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-17T09:51:29+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-17T00:51:29Z", "ms": -890176111193.6351 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-18T08:06:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-17T23:06:18Z", "ms": -890096021522.2338 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-17T19:12:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-17T10:12:06Z", "ms": -890142473844.201 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-17T20:54:14+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-17T11:54:14Z", "ms": -890136345731.2198 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-18T19:10:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T10:10:49Z", "ms": -890056150503.4714 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-18T20:53:15+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T11:53:15Z", "ms": -890050005073.6752 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 09:51 on Fri 17 Oct to 08:06 on Sat 18 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-17T00:51:29Z → 1941-10-17T23:06:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:12–20:54 on the 17th, 19:11–20:53 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 102 of 102 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 102 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 33637 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govatsa Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 17 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govatsa-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 12 Govatsa dvadasi (pradosa vyapini). If occurs on two days, it is to be observed on the first day." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vasu Baras) 1941 falls on Friday 17 October. Dvādaśī runs from 09:51 on Fri 17 Oct to 08:06 on Sat 18 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/govatsa-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/yama-dipadana", "festival": "yama-dipadana", "name": "Yama Dīpadāna", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31645, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-10-18T08:06:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-17T23:06:18Z", "ms": -890096021522.2338 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-19T05:40:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T20:40:39Z", "ms": -890018360526.7037 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-18T08:06:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-17T23:06:18Z", "ms": -890096021522.2338 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-19T05:40:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T20:40:39Z", "ms": -890018360526.7037 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-17T19:12:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-17T10:12:06Z", "ms": -890142473844.201 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-17T20:54:14+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-17T11:54:14Z", "ms": -890136345731.2198 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-18T19:10:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T10:10:49Z", "ms": -890056150503.4714 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-18T20:53:15+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T11:53:15Z", "ms": -890050005073.6752 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:06 on Sat 18 Oct to 05:41 on Sun 19 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-17T23:06:18Z → 1941-10-18T20:40:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:12–20:54 on the 17th, 19:11–20:53 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 102 minutes on the 17th and 102 of 102 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31645 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dīpadāna, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 18 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dipadana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 13 Yama dipadana (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Yama Dīpadāna 1941 falls on Saturday 18 October. Trayodaśī runs from 08:06 on Sat 18 Oct to 05:41 on Sun 19 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/yama-dipadana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-10-18", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31645, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-10-18T08:06:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-17T23:06:18Z", "ms": -890096021522.2338 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-19T05:40:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T20:40:39Z", "ms": -890018360526.7037 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-18T08:06:18+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-17T23:06:18Z", "ms": -890096021522.2338 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-19T05:40:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T20:40:39Z", "ms": -890018360526.7037 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-17T19:12:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-17T10:12:06Z", "ms": -890142473844.201 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-17T20:54:14+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-17T11:54:14Z", "ms": -890136345731.2198 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-18T19:10:49+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T10:10:49Z", "ms": -890056150503.4714 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-18T20:53:15+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T11:53:15Z", "ms": -890050005073.6752 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:06 on Sat 18 Oct to 05:41 on Sun 19 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-17T23:06:18Z → 1941-10-18T20:40:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:12–20:54 on the 17th, 19:11–20:53 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 102 minutes on the 17th and 102 of 102 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31645 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 18 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Saturday 18 October. Trayodaśī runs from 08:06 on Sat 18 Oct to 05:41 on Sun 19 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-10-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/naraka-chaturdashi", "festival": "naraka-chaturdashi", "name": "Naraka Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Choti Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2155, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-10-19T05:40:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T20:40:39Z", "ms": -890018360526.7037 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-20T02:42:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-19T17:42:06Z", "ms": -889942674349.3776 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-19T05:40:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T20:40:39Z", "ms": -890018360526.7037 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-20T02:42:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-19T17:42:06Z", "ms": -889942674349.3776 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-19T06:16:35+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T21:16:35Z", "ms": -890016205209.7955 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-19T07:59:00+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T22:59:00Z", "ms": -890010059779.9993 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-20T06:17:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-19T21:17:11Z", "ms": -889929768872.5121 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-20T07:59:54+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-19T22:59:54Z", "ms": -889923606191.3048 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:41 on Sun 19 Oct to 02:42 on Mon 20 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-18T20:40:39Z → 1941-10-19T17:42:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 06:17–07:59 on the 19th, 06:17–08:00 on the 20th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 102 of 102 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 103 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 2155 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Naraka Caturdaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 19 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naraka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Naraka caturdasi (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Naraka Caturdaśī (Choti Diwali) 1941 falls on Sunday 19 October. Caturdaśī runs from 05:41 on Sun 19 Oct to 02:42 on Mon 20 Oct and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/naraka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/kali-puja", "festival": "kali-puja", "name": "Kālī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-19", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2602, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1941-10-20T02:42:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-19T17:42:06Z", "ms": -889942674349.3776 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-20T23:19:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T14:19:43Z", "ms": -889868416781.431 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-20T02:42:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-19T17:42:06Z", "ms": -889942674349.3776 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-20T23:19:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T14:19:43Z", "ms": -889868416781.431 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-20T01:10:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-19T16:10:44Z", "ms": -889948156245.8322 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-20T01:58:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-19T16:58:44Z", "ms": -889945276245.8322 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-21T01:10:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T16:10:33Z", "ms": -889861766721.0298 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-21T01:58:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T16:58:33Z", "ms": -889858886721.0298 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 02:42 on Mon 20 Oct to 23:20 on Mon 20 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-19T17:42:06Z → 1941-10-20T14:19:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:11–01:59 on the 19th, 01:11–01:59 on the 20th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither night qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 2602 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kālī Pūjā, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 19 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-19", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-19", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kālī Pūjā 1941 falls on Sunday 19 October. Amāvasyā runs from 02:42 on Mon 20 Oct to 23:20 on Mon 20 Oct, and reaches niśītha on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/kali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-10-19", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2602, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-10-19T05:40:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T20:40:39Z", "ms": -890018360526.7037 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-20T02:42:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-19T17:42:06Z", "ms": -889942674349.3776 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-19T05:40:39+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T20:40:39Z", "ms": -890018360526.7037 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-20T02:42:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-19T17:42:06Z", "ms": -889942674349.3776 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-19T01:10:55+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T16:10:55Z", "ms": -890034545141.7354 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-19T01:58:55+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-18T16:58:55Z", "ms": -890031665141.7354 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-20T01:10:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-19T16:10:44Z", "ms": -889948156245.8322 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-20T01:58:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-19T16:58:44Z", "ms": -889945276245.8322 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:41 on Sun 19 Oct to 02:42 on Mon 20 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-18T20:40:39Z → 1941-10-19T17:42:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:11–01:59 on the 18th, 01:11–01:59 on the 19th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 48 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2602 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 19 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1941 falls on Sunday 19 October. Caturdaśī runs from 05:41 on Sun 19 Oct to 02:42 on Mon 20 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-10-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "festival": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "name": "Lakṣmī Pūjā", "everyday": "Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8905, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1941-10-20T02:42:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-19T17:42:06Z", "ms": -889942674349.3776 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-20T23:19:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T14:19:43Z", "ms": -889868416781.431 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-20T02:42:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-19T17:42:06Z", "ms": -889942674349.3776 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-20T23:19:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T14:19:43Z", "ms": -889868416781.431 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-19T19:09:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-19T10:09:34Z", "ms": -889969826300.3595 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-19T20:52:16+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-19T11:52:16Z", "ms": -889963663619.1522 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-20T19:08:19+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T10:08:19Z", "ms": -889883501207.0472 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-20T20:51:19+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T11:51:19Z", "ms": -889877321344.1093 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 02:42 on Mon 20 Oct to 23:20 on Mon 20 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-19T17:42:06Z → 1941-10-20T14:19:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:10–20:52 on the 19th, 19:08–20:51 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 103 minutes on the 19th and 103 of 103 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8905 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pūjā, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 20 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali) 1941 falls on Monday 20 October. Amāvasyā runs from 02:42 on Mon 20 Oct to 23:20 on Mon 20 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/govardhana-puja", "festival": "govardhana-puja", "name": "Govardhana Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20738, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1941-10-20T23:19:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T14:19:43Z", "ms": -889868416781.431 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-21T19:43:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-21T10:43:34Z", "ms": -889794985744.5677 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-20T23:19:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T14:19:43Z", "ms": -889868416781.431 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-21T19:43:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-21T10:43:34Z", "ms": -889794985744.5677 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-20T13:10:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T04:10:06Z", "ms": -889904993699.176 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-20T13:58:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T04:58:06Z", "ms": -889902113699.176 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-21T13:09:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-21T04:09:56Z", "ms": -889818603715.6863 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-21T13:57:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-21T04:57:56Z", "ms": -889815723715.6863 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 23:20 on Mon 20 Oct to 19:44 on Tue 21 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-20T14:19:43Z → 1941-10-21T10:43:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:10–13:58 on the 20th, 13:10–13:58 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 20738 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govardhana Pūjā, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 21 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govardhana-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Govardhana Pūjā 1941 falls on Tuesday 21 October. Pratipadā runs from 23:20 on Mon 20 Oct to 19:44 on Tue 21 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/govardhana-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/bali-puja", "festival": "bali-puja", "name": "Bali Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2189, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1941-10-20T23:19:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T14:19:43Z", "ms": -889868416781.431 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-21T19:43:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-21T10:43:34Z", "ms": -889794985744.5677 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-20T23:19:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T14:19:43Z", "ms": -889868416781.431 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-21T19:43:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-21T10:43:34Z", "ms": -889794985744.5677 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-20T19:08:19+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T10:08:19Z", "ms": -889883501207.0472 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-20T20:51:19+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T11:51:19Z", "ms": -889877321344.1093 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-21T19:07:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-21T10:07:05Z", "ms": -889797175196.3602 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-21T20:50:22+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-21T11:50:22Z", "ms": -889790978225.7769 } }, "covered_min": 36, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 23:20 on Mon 20 Oct to 19:44 on Tue 21 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-20T14:19:43Z → 1941-10-21T10:43:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:08–20:51 on the 20th, 19:07–20:50 on the 21st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 103 minutes on the 20th and 36 of 103 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2189 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bali Pūjā, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 21 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Bali Pūjā 1941 falls on Tuesday 21 October. Pratipadā runs from 23:20 on Mon 20 Oct to 19:44 on Tue 21 Oct and covers 36 of 103 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/bali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/dyuta-pratipad", "festival": "dyuta-pratipad", "name": "Dyūta Pratipad", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28841, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1941-10-20T23:19:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T14:19:43Z", "ms": -889868416781.431 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-21T19:43:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-21T10:43:34Z", "ms": -889794985744.5677 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-20T23:19:43+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T14:19:43Z", "ms": -889868416781.431 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-21T19:43:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-21T10:43:34Z", "ms": -889794985744.5677 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-20T07:59:54+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-19T22:59:54Z", "ms": -889923606191.3048 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-20T11:42:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T02:42:42Z", "ms": -889910237863.219 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 223, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-21T08:00:48+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-20T23:00:48Z", "ms": -889837152235.0123 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-21T11:42:53+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-21T02:42:53Z", "ms": -889823826555.4617 } }, "covered_min": 222, "window_min": 222, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 23:20 on Mon 20 Oct to 19:44 on Tue 21 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-20T14:19:43Z → 1941-10-21T10:43:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 08:00–11:43 on the 20th, 08:01–11:43 on the 21st.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 223 minutes on the 20th and 222 of 222 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28841 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dyūta Pratipad, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 21 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dyuta-pratipad", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Dyūta Pratipad 1941 falls on Tuesday 21 October. Pratipadā runs from 23:20 on Mon 20 Oct to 19:44 on Tue 21 Oct and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/dyuta-pratipad", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/yama-dvitiya", "festival": "yama-dvitiya", "name": "Yama Dvitīyā", "everyday": "Bhai Dooj", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7579, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1941-10-21T19:43:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-21T10:43:34Z", "ms": -889794985744.5677 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-22T16:04:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-22T07:04:06Z", "ms": -889721753618.3329 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-21T19:43:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-21T10:43:34Z", "ms": -889794985744.5677 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-22T16:04:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-22T07:04:06Z", "ms": -889721753618.3329 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-21T13:09:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-21T04:09:56Z", "ms": -889818603715.6863 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-21T13:57:56+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-21T04:57:56Z", "ms": -889815723715.6863 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-22T13:09:47+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-22T04:09:47Z", "ms": -889732213079.1202 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-22T13:57:47+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-22T04:57:47Z", "ms": -889729333079.1202 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 19:44 on Tue 21 Oct to 16:04 on Wed 22 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-21T10:43:34Z → 1941-10-22T07:04:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:10–13:58 on the 21st, 13:10–13:58 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 7579 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dvitīyā, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 22 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dvitiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Bhratrdvitiya, Yamadvitiya (madhyahna, purvaviddha), Masyadhara (Dwat) puja (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Yama Dvitīyā (Bhai Dooj) 1941 falls on Wednesday 22 October. Dvitīyā runs from 19:44 on Tue 21 Oct to 16:04 on Wed 22 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/yama-dvitiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/naga-chaturthi", "festival": "naga-chaturthi", "name": "Nāga Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2272, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-10-23T12:31:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-23T03:31:46Z", "ms": -889648093816.8219 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-24T09:16:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-24T00:16:33Z", "ms": -889573407051.3683 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-23T12:31:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-23T03:31:46Z", "ms": -889648093816.8219 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-24T09:16:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-24T00:16:33Z", "ms": -889573407051.3683 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-23T13:09:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-23T04:09:38Z", "ms": -889645821779.2363 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-23T13:57:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-23T04:57:38Z", "ms": -889642941779.2363 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-24T13:09:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-24T04:09:30Z", "ms": -889559429805.6168 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-24T13:57:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-24T04:57:30Z", "ms": -889556549805.6168 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:32 on Thu 23 Oct to 09:17 on Fri 24 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-23T03:31:46Z → 1941-10-24T00:16:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:10–13:58 on the 23rd, 13:10–13:58 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2272 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 23 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Naga caturthi (paraviddha and madhyahnavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-23", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Nāga Caturthī 1941 falls on Thursday 23 October. Caturthī runs from 12:32 on Thu 23 Oct to 09:17 on Fri 24 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/naga-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-10-23", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2272, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-10-23T12:31:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-23T03:31:46Z", "ms": -889648093816.8219 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-24T09:16:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-24T00:16:33Z", "ms": -889573407051.3683 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-23T12:31:46+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-23T03:31:46Z", "ms": -889648093816.8219 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-24T09:16:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-24T00:16:33Z", "ms": -889573407051.3683 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-23T13:09:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-23T04:09:38Z", "ms": -889645821779.2363 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-23T13:57:38+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-23T04:57:38Z", "ms": -889642941779.2363 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-24T13:09:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-24T04:09:30Z", "ms": -889559429805.6168 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-24T13:57:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-24T04:57:30Z", "ms": -889556549805.6168 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:32 on Thu 23 Oct to 09:17 on Fri 24 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-23T03:31:46Z → 1941-10-24T00:16:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:10–13:58 on the 23rd, 13:10–13:58 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2272 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 23 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-23", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1941 falls on Thursday 23 October. Caturthī runs from 12:32 on Thu 23 Oct to 09:17 on Fri 24 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-10-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/surya-shashthi", "festival": "surya-shashthi", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī", "everyday": "Chhath", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24113, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1941-10-25T06:27:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-24T21:27:30Z", "ms": -889497150283.6805 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-26T04:12:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-25T19:12:10Z", "ms": -889418869539.7579 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-25T06:27:30+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-24T21:27:30Z", "ms": -889497150283.6805 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-26T04:12:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-25T19:12:10Z", "ms": -889418869539.7579 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-25T13:09:23+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-25T04:09:23Z", "ms": -889473037147.2695 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-25T13:57:23+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-25T04:57:23Z", "ms": -889470157147.2695 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-26T13:09:16+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-26T04:09:16Z", "ms": -889386643792.4398 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-26T13:57:16+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-26T04:57:16Z", "ms": -889383763792.4398 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 06:27 on Sat 25 Oct to 04:12 on Sun 26 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-24T21:27:30Z → 1941-10-25T19:12:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:09–13:57 on the 25th, 13:09–13:57 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24113 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 25 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Nadi sasthi, Skanda sasthi (Madras), Surya sasthi, Chhat (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Chhath) 1941 falls on Saturday 25 October. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 06:27 on Sat 25 Oct to 04:12 on Sun 26 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/surya-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/gopashtami", "festival": "gopashtami", "name": "Gopāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37985, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1941-10-27T02:36:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-26T17:36:05Z", "ms": -889338234527.1854 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-28T01:42:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-27T16:42:11Z", "ms": -889255068897.4823 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-27T02:36:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-26T17:36:05Z", "ms": -889338234527.1854 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-28T01:42:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-27T16:42:11Z", "ms": -889255068897.4823 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-27T13:09:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-27T04:09:10Z", "ms": -889300249728.6257 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-27T13:57:10+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-27T04:57:10Z", "ms": -889297369728.6257 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-28T13:09:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-28T04:09:05Z", "ms": -889213854942.7344 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-28T13:57:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-28T04:57:05Z", "ms": -889210974942.7344 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 02:36 on Mon 27 Oct to 01:42 on Tue 28 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-26T17:36:05Z → 1941-10-27T16:42:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:09–13:57 on the 27th, 13:09–13:57 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37985 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gopāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gopashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Gopāṣṭamī 1941 falls on Monday 27 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 02:36 on Mon 27 Oct to 01:42 on Tue 28 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/gopashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/akshaya-navami", "festival": "akshaya-navami", "name": "Akṣaya Navamī", "everyday": "Amla Navami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23104, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1941-10-28T01:42:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-27T16:42:11Z", "ms": -889255068897.4823 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-29T01:30:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-28T16:30:33Z", "ms": -889169366684.6815 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-28T01:42:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-27T16:42:11Z", "ms": -889255068897.4823 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-29T01:30:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-28T16:30:33Z", "ms": -889169366684.6815 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-28T08:07:15+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-27T23:07:15Z", "ms": -889231964825.6244 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-28T11:44:28+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-28T02:44:28Z", "ms": -889218931570.3644 } }, "covered_min": 217, "window_min": 217, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-29T08:08:12+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-28T23:08:12Z", "ms": -889145508179.8529 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-29T11:44:44+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-29T02:44:44Z", "ms": -889132515674.1517 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 217, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 01:42 on Tue 28 Oct to 01:31 on Wed 29 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-27T16:42:11Z → 1941-10-28T16:30:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 08:07–11:44 on the 28th, 08:08–11:45 on the 29th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 217 of 217 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 217 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23104 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Navamī, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 28 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Akṣaya Navamī (Amla Navami) 1941 falls on Tuesday 28 October. Navamī runs from 01:42 on Tue 28 Oct to 01:31 on Wed 29 Oct and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/akshaya-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/durga-navami", "festival": "durga-navami", "name": "Durgā Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 41214, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1941-10-28T01:42:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-27T16:42:11Z", "ms": -889255068897.4823 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-29T01:30:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-28T16:30:33Z", "ms": -889169366684.6815 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-28T01:42:11+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-27T16:42:11Z", "ms": -889255068897.4823 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-29T01:30:33+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-28T16:30:33Z", "ms": -889169366684.6815 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-28T13:09:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-28T04:09:05Z", "ms": -889213854942.7344 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-28T13:57:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-28T04:57:05Z", "ms": -889210974942.7344 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-29T13:09:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-29T04:09:01Z", "ms": -889127459421.301 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-29T13:57:01+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-29T04:57:01Z", "ms": -889124579421.301 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 01:42 on Tue 28 Oct to 01:31 on Wed 29 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-27T16:42:11Z → 1941-10-28T16:30:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:09–13:57 on the 28th, 13:09–13:57 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 41214 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Navamī, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 28 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Durgā Navamī 1941 falls on Tuesday 28 October. Navamī runs from 01:42 on Tue 28 Oct to 01:31 on Wed 29 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/durga-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-10-30", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18520, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-10-30T01:58:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-29T16:58:34Z", "ms": -889081285615.2651 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-31T03:01:26+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-30T18:01:26Z", "ms": -888991113649.7009 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-10-30T01:58:34+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-29T16:58:34Z", "ms": -889081285615.2651 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-31T03:01:26+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-30T18:01:26Z", "ms": -888991113649.7009 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-30T08:09:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-29T23:09:09Z", "ms": -889059051228.4884 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-30T08:09:09+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-29T23:09:09Z", "ms": -889059051228.4884 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-31T08:10:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-30T23:10:06Z", "ms": -888972593978.2762 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-31T08:10:06+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-30T23:10:06Z", "ms": -888972593978.2762 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 01:59 on Thu 30 Oct to 03:01 on Fri 31 Oct.", "fact": "1941-10-29T16:58:34Z → 1941-10-30T18:01:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 08:09 on the 30th and 08:10 on the 31st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 30th and is not on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18520 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Thursday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Prabodhinī Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Thursday 30 October. Ekādaśī runs from 01:59 on Thu 30 Oct to 03:01 on Fri 31 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-10-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-11-01", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-11-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28280, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-11-01T04:33:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-31T19:33:05Z", "ms": -888899215081.1567 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-02T05:27:08+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-01T21:27:08Z", "ms": -888805971699.5858 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-11-01T04:33:05+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-31T19:33:05Z", "ms": -888899215081.1567 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-02T05:27:08+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-01T21:27:08Z", "ms": -888805971699.5858 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-10-31T18:55:42+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-31T09:55:42Z", "ms": -888933858256.6395 }, "end": { "local": "1941-10-31T20:41:45+09:00", "utc": "1941-10-31T11:41:45Z", "ms": -888927495347.2954 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-01T18:54:40+09:00", "utc": "1941-11-01T09:54:40Z", "ms": -888847520179.8583 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-01T20:40:59+09:00", "utc": "1941-11-01T11:40:59Z", "ms": -888841141304.0743 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 04:33 on Sat 1 Nov to 05:27 on Sun 2 Nov.", "fact": "1941-10-31T19:33:05Z → 1941-11-01T21:27:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:56–20:42 on the 31st, 18:55–20:41 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 106 minutes on the 31st and 106 of 106 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28280 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 1 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Saturday 1 November. Trayodaśī runs from 04:33 on Sat 1 Nov to 05:27 on Sun 2 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-11-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/kartiki-purnima", "festival": "kartiki-purnima", "name": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7748, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1941-11-03T07:37:43+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-02T23:37:43Z", "ms": -888711737266.4995 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-04T09:59:42+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-04T01:59:42Z", "ms": -888616818248.9102 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-11-03T07:37:43+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-02T23:37:43Z", "ms": -888711737266.4995 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-04T09:59:42+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-04T01:59:42Z", "ms": -888616818248.9102 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-03T12:08:50+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-03T04:08:50Z", "ms": -888695470310.6353 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-03T12:56:50+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-03T04:56:50Z", "ms": -888692590310.6353 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-04T12:08:50+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-04T04:08:50Z", "ms": -888609070098.1785 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-04T12:56:50+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-04T04:56:50Z", "ms": -888606190098.1785 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 07:38 on Mon 3 Nov to 10:00 on Tue 4 Nov.", "fact": "1941-11-02T23:37:43Z → 1941-11-04T01:59:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 3rd, 12:09–12:57 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7748 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kartiki-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kārtikī Pūrṇimā 1941 falls on Monday 3 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 07:38 on Mon 3 Nov to 10:00 on Tue 4 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/kartiki-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/rasayatra", "festival": "rasayatra", "name": "Rāsayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24023, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1941-11-03T07:37:43+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-02T23:37:43Z", "ms": -888711737266.4995 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-04T09:59:42+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-04T01:59:42Z", "ms": -888616818248.9102 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-11-03T07:37:43+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-02T23:37:43Z", "ms": -888711737266.4995 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-04T09:59:42+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-04T01:59:42Z", "ms": -888616818248.9102 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-03T00:09:19+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-02T16:09:19Z", "ms": -888738640660.4124 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-03T00:57:19+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-02T16:57:19Z", "ms": -888735760660.4124 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-04T00:09:19+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-03T16:09:19Z", "ms": -888652241129.0304 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-04T00:57:19+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-03T16:57:19Z", "ms": -888649361129.0304 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 07:38 on Mon 3 Nov to 10:00 on Tue 4 Nov.", "fact": "1941-11-02T23:37:43Z → 1941-11-04T01:59:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:09–00:57 on the 2nd, 00:09–00:57 on the 3rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24023 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāsayātrā, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rasayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rāsayātrā 1941 falls on Monday 3 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 07:38 on Mon 3 Nov to 10:00 on Tue 4 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/rasayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-11-07", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-11-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4553, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-11-07T17:28:55+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-07T09:28:55Z", "ms": -888330665057.2571 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-08T19:49:02+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-08T11:49:02Z", "ms": -888235857550.8027 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-11-07T17:28:55+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-07T09:28:55Z", "ms": -888330665057.2571 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-08T19:49:02+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-08T11:49:02Z", "ms": -888235857550.8027 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-07T20:18:12+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-07T12:18:12Z", "ms": -888320508083.4244 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-07T20:18:12+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-07T12:18:12Z", "ms": -888320508083.4244 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-08T21:04:56+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-08T13:04:56Z", "ms": -888231304191.7125 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-08T21:04:56+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-08T13:04:56Z", "ms": -888231304191.7125 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 17:29 on Fri 7 Nov to 19:49 on Sat 8 Nov.", "fact": "1941-11-07T09:28:55Z → 1941-11-08T11:49:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:18 on the 7th and 21:05 on the 8th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 7th and is not on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4553 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Friday 7 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1941 falls on Friday 7 November. Caturthī runs from 17:29 on Fri 7 Nov to 19:49 on Sat 8 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-11-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-11-15", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Utpannā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-11-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28764, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-11-14T23:25:29+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-14T15:25:29Z", "ms": -887704471125.4491 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-15T21:27:39+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-15T13:27:39Z", "ms": -887625140595.7546 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-11-14T23:25:29+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-14T15:25:29Z", "ms": -887704471125.4491 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-15T21:27:39+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-15T13:27:39Z", "ms": -887625140595.7546 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-11-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-15T07:24:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-14T23:24:53Z", "ms": -887675707225.8982 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-15T07:24:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-14T23:24:53Z", "ms": -887675707225.8982 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-11-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-16T07:25:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-15T23:25:53Z", "ms": -887589247084.3905 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-16T07:25:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-15T23:25:53Z", "ms": -887589247084.3905 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 23:25 on Fri 14 Nov to 21:28 on Sat 15 Nov.", "fact": "1941-11-14T15:25:29Z → 1941-11-15T13:27:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:25 on the 15th and 07:26 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 15th and is not on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28764 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Utpannā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 15 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Utpannā Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Saturday 15 November. Ekādaśī runs from 23:25 on Fri 14 Nov to 21:28 on Sat 15 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-11-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-11-16", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-11-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2636, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-11-16T18:48:07+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-16T10:48:07Z", "ms": -887548312673.9185 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-17T15:34:24+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-17T07:34:24Z", "ms": -887473535989.7517 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-11-16T18:48:07+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-16T10:48:07Z", "ms": -887548312673.9185 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-17T15:34:24+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-17T07:34:24Z", "ms": -887473535989.7517 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-11-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-16T17:42:05+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-16T09:42:05Z", "ms": -887552275243.4407 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-16T19:32:03+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-16T11:32:03Z", "ms": -887545676806.8358 } }, "covered_min": 44, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-11-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-17T17:41:27+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-17T09:41:27Z", "ms": -887465912600.4138 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-17T19:31:39+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-17T11:31:39Z", "ms": -887459301176.1395 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 18:48 on Sun 16 Nov to 15:34 on Mon 17 Nov.", "fact": "1941-11-16T10:48:07Z → 1941-11-17T07:34:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:42–19:32 on the 16th, 17:41–19:32 on the 17th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 44 of 110 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 110 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2636 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 16 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Sunday 16 November. Trayodaśī runs from 18:48 on Sun 16 Nov to 15:34 on Mon 17 Nov and covers 44 of 110 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-11-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-11-17", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-11-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30976, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-11-17T15:34:24+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-17T07:34:24Z", "ms": -887473535989.7517 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-18T11:55:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-18T03:55:58Z", "ms": -887400242390.7568 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-11-17T15:34:24+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-17T07:34:24Z", "ms": -887473535989.7517 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-18T11:55:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-18T03:55:58Z", "ms": -887400242390.7568 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-11-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-18T00:10:40+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-17T16:10:40Z", "ms": -887442559759.3854 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-18T00:58:40+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-17T16:58:40Z", "ms": -887439679759.3854 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-11-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-19T00:10:52+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-18T16:10:52Z", "ms": -887356147579.9233 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-19T00:58:52+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-18T16:58:52Z", "ms": -887353267579.9233 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 15:34 on Mon 17 Nov to 11:56 on Tue 18 Nov.", "fact": "1941-11-17T07:34:24Z → 1941-11-18T03:55:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:11–00:59 on the 17th, 00:11–00:59 on the 18th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30976 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 17 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1941 falls on Monday 17 November. Caturdaśī runs from 15:34 on Mon 17 Nov to 11:56 on Tue 18 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-11-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-11-22", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-11-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18338, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-11-21T20:58:22+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-21T12:58:22Z", "ms": -887108497959.6675 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-22T18:04:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-22T10:04:58Z", "ms": -887032502336.7001 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-11-21T20:58:22+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-21T12:58:22Z", "ms": -887108497959.6675 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-22T18:04:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-22T10:04:58Z", "ms": -887032502336.7001 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-11-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-21T12:11:04+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-21T04:11:04Z", "ms": -887140135860.0078 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-21T12:59:04+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-21T04:59:04Z", "ms": -887137255860.0078 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-11-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-22T12:11:20+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-22T04:11:20Z", "ms": -887053720342.9961 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-22T12:59:20+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-22T04:59:20Z", "ms": -887050840342.9961 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:58 on Fri 21 Nov to 18:05 on Sat 22 Nov.", "fact": "1941-11-21T12:58:22Z → 1941-11-22T10:04:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:11–12:59 on the 21st, 12:11–12:59 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18338 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 22 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1941 falls on Saturday 22 November. Caturthī runs from 20:58 on Fri 21 Nov to 18:05 on Sat 22 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-11-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "festival": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-11-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10346, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1941-11-22T18:04:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-22T10:04:58Z", "ms": -887032502336.7001 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-23T15:52:02+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-23T07:52:02Z", "ms": -886954078473.4534 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-11-22T18:04:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-22T10:04:58Z", "ms": -887032502336.7001 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-23T15:52:02+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-23T07:52:02Z", "ms": -886954078473.4534 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-11-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-22T12:11:20+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-22T04:11:20Z", "ms": -887053720342.9961 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-22T12:59:20+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-22T04:59:20Z", "ms": -887050840342.9961 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-23T12:11:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-23T04:11:36Z", "ms": -886967304040.31 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-23T12:59:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-23T04:59:36Z", "ms": -886964424040.31 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 18:05 on Sat 22 Nov to 15:52 on Sun 23 Nov.", "fact": "1941-11-22T10:04:58Z → 1941-11-23T07:52:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:11–12:59 on the 22nd, 12:12–13:00 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 10346 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa), Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 23 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (2nd) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa) 1941 falls on Sunday 23 November. Pañcamī runs from 18:05 on Sat 22 Nov to 15:52 on Sun 23 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/champa-shashthi", "festival": "champa-shashthi", "name": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-11-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5182, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1941-11-23T15:52:02+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-23T07:52:02Z", "ms": -886954078473.4534 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-24T14:26:15+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-24T06:26:15Z", "ms": -886872825413.2698 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-11-23T15:52:02+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-23T07:52:02Z", "ms": -886954078473.4534 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-24T14:26:15+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-24T06:26:15Z", "ms": -886872825413.2698 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-23T12:11:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-23T04:11:36Z", "ms": -886967304040.31 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-23T12:59:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-23T04:59:36Z", "ms": -886964424040.31 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-24T12:11:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-24T04:11:53Z", "ms": -886880886966.1707 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-24T12:59:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-24T04:59:53Z", "ms": -886878006966.1707 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 15:52 on Sun 23 Nov to 14:26 on Mon 24 Nov.", "fact": "1941-11-23T07:52:02Z → 1941-11-24T06:26:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 23rd, 12:12–13:00 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5182 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 24 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "champa-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Śatabhiṣaj nakṣatra, Vyatīpāta yoga and a Sunday; none is tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Campā Ṣaṣṭhī 1941 falls on Monday 24 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 15:52 on Sun 23 Nov to 14:26 on Mon 24 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/champa-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/skanda-shashthi", "festival": "skanda-shashthi", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-11-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5182, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1941-11-23T15:52:02+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-23T07:52:02Z", "ms": -886954078473.4534 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-24T14:26:15+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-24T06:26:15Z", "ms": -886872825413.2698 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-11-23T15:52:02+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-23T07:52:02Z", "ms": -886954078473.4534 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-24T14:26:15+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-24T06:26:15Z", "ms": -886872825413.2698 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-23T12:11:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-23T04:11:36Z", "ms": -886967304040.31 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-23T12:59:36+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-23T04:59:36Z", "ms": -886964424040.31 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-24T12:11:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-24T04:11:53Z", "ms": -886880886966.1707 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-24T12:59:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-24T04:59:53Z", "ms": -886878006966.1707 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 15:52 on Sun 23 Nov to 14:26 on Mon 24 Nov.", "fact": "1941-11-23T07:52:02Z → 1941-11-24T06:26:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 23rd, 12:12–13:00 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 5182 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 24 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī 1941 falls on Monday 24 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 15:52 on Sun 23 Nov to 14:26 on Mon 24 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/skanda-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/mitra-saptami", "festival": "mitra-saptami", "name": "Mitra Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-11-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3052, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1941-11-24T14:26:15+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-24T06:26:15Z", "ms": -886872825413.2698 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-25T13:51:03+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-25T05:51:03Z", "ms": -886788537401.9817 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-11-24T14:26:15+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-24T06:26:15Z", "ms": -886872825413.2698 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-25T13:51:03+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-25T05:51:03Z", "ms": -886788537401.9817 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-24T12:11:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-24T04:11:53Z", "ms": -886880886966.1707 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-24T12:59:53+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-24T04:59:53Z", "ms": -886878006966.1707 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-11-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-25T12:12:11+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-25T04:12:11Z", "ms": -886794469134.5972 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-25T13:00:11+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-25T05:00:11Z", "ms": -886791589134.5972 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 14:26 on Mon 24 Nov to 13:51 on Tue 25 Nov.", "fact": "1941-11-24T06:26:15Z → 1941-11-25T05:51:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 24th, 12:12–13:00 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 48 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3052 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mitra Saptamī, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 25 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mitra-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Mitra saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mitra Saptamī 1941 falls on Tuesday 25 November. Saptamī runs from 14:26 on Mon 24 Nov to 13:51 on Tue 25 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/mitra-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-11-29", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-11-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32834, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-11-28T16:44:55+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-28T08:44:55Z", "ms": -886518905254.4286 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-29T18:51:12+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-29T10:51:12Z", "ms": -886424927726.4253 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-11-28T16:44:55+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-28T08:44:55Z", "ms": -886518905254.4286 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-29T18:51:12+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-29T10:51:12Z", "ms": -886424927726.4253 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-11-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-28T07:37:40+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-27T23:37:40Z", "ms": -886551739547.2656 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-28T07:37:40+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-27T23:37:40Z", "ms": -886551739547.2656 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-11-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-29T07:38:37+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-28T23:38:37Z", "ms": -886465283108.3916 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-29T07:38:37+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-28T23:38:37Z", "ms": -886465283108.3916 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:45 on Fri 28 Nov to 18:51 on Sat 29 Nov.", "fact": "1941-11-28T08:44:55Z → 1941-11-29T10:51:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:38 on the 28th and 07:39 on the 29th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 28th and is on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 32834 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Saturday 29 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mokṣadā Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Saturday 29 November. Ekādaśī runs from 16:45 on Fri 28 Nov to 18:51 on Sat 29 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-11-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/akhanda-dvadashi", "festival": "akhanda-dvadashi", "name": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-11-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20983, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-11-29T18:51:12+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-29T10:51:12Z", "ms": -886424927726.4253 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-30T21:15:09+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-30T13:15:09Z", "ms": -886329891413.7742 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-11-29T18:51:12+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-29T10:51:12Z", "ms": -886424927726.4253 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-30T21:15:09+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-30T13:15:09Z", "ms": -886329891413.7742 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-11-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-29T12:13:29+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-29T04:13:29Z", "ms": -886448790518.6045 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-29T13:01:29+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-29T05:01:29Z", "ms": -886445910518.6045 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-30T12:13:51+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-30T04:13:51Z", "ms": -886362369117.2129 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-30T13:01:51+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-30T05:01:51Z", "ms": -886359489117.2129 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 18:51 on Sat 29 Nov to 21:15 on Sun 30 Nov.", "fact": "1941-11-29T10:51:12Z → 1941-11-30T13:15:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:13–13:01 on the 29th, 12:14–13:02 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 20983 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 30 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akhanda-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Matsya dvadasi, Akhanda dvadasi (paraviddha), Vyanjana dvadasi & Dana dvadasi (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī 1941 falls on Sunday 30 November. Dvādaśī runs from 18:51 on Sat 29 Nov to 21:15 on Sun 30 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/akhanda-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-12-01", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-12-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6385, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-11-30T21:15:09+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-30T13:15:09Z", "ms": -886329891413.7742 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-01T23:47:33+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-01T15:47:33Z", "ms": -886234346861.955 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-11-30T21:15:09+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-30T13:15:09Z", "ms": -886329891413.7742 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-01T23:47:33+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-01T15:47:33Z", "ms": -886234346861.955 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-11-30T17:36:09+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-30T09:36:09Z", "ms": -886343030970.3253 }, "end": { "local": "1941-11-30T19:28:44+08:00", "utc": "1941-11-30T11:28:44Z", "ms": -886336276448.765 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-12-01T17:35:58+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-01T09:35:58Z", "ms": -886256642039.7684 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-01T19:28:41+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-01T11:28:41Z", "ms": -886249878772.6558 } }, "covered_min": 113, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 21:15 on Sun 30 Nov to 23:48 on Mon 1 Dec.", "fact": "1941-11-30T13:15:09Z → 1941-12-01T15:47:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:36–19:29 on the 30th, 17:36–19:29 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 113 minutes on the 30th and 113 of 113 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6385 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 1 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Monday 1 December. Trayodaśī runs from 21:15 on Sun 30 Nov to 23:48 on Mon 1 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-12-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/dattatreyotpatti", "festival": "dattatreyotpatti", "name": "Dattātreyotpatti", "everyday": "Datta Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-12-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24751, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1941-12-03T02:21:12+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-02T18:21:12Z", "ms": -886138728362.7761 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-04T04:50:51+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-03T20:50:51Z", "ms": -886043349261.115 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-12-03T02:21:12+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-02T18:21:12Z", "ms": -886138728362.7761 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-04T04:50:51+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-03T20:50:51Z", "ms": -886043349261.115 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-12-02T17:35:49+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-02T09:35:49Z", "ms": -886170251127.7845 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-02T19:28:41+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-02T11:28:41Z", "ms": -886163479476.3751 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-12-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-12-03T17:35:42+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-03T09:35:42Z", "ms": -886083858226.4976 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-03T19:28:41+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-03T11:28:41Z", "ms": -886077078559.0911 } }, "covered_min": 113, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 02:21 on Wed 3 Dec to 04:51 on Thu 4 Dec.", "fact": "1941-12-02T18:21:12Z → 1941-12-03T20:50:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:36–19:29 on the 2nd, 17:36–19:29 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 113 minutes on the 2nd and 113 of 113 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24751 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dattātreyotpatti, Qingyang, 1941: Wednesday 3 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dattatreyotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Dattatreyotpatti (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Dattātreyotpatti (Datta Jayanti) 1941 falls on Wednesday 3 December. Pūrṇimā runs from 02:21 on Wed 3 Dec to 04:51 on Thu 4 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/dattatreyotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-12-07", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-12-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31210, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-12-07T11:20:16+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-07T03:20:16Z", "ms": -885760784158.9532 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-08T12:57:54+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-08T04:57:54Z", "ms": -885668525520.8402 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-12-07T11:20:16+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-07T03:20:16Z", "ms": -885760784158.9532 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-08T12:57:54+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-08T04:57:54Z", "ms": -885668525520.8402 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-12-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-12-07T20:43:09+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-07T12:43:09Z", "ms": -885727011326.927 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-07T20:43:09+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-07T12:43:09Z", "ms": -885727011326.927 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-12-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-12-08T21:38:04+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-08T13:38:04Z", "ms": -885637316008.6626 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-08T21:38:04+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-08T13:38:04Z", "ms": -885637316008.6626 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:20 on Sun 7 Dec to 12:58 on Mon 8 Dec.", "fact": "1941-12-07T03:20:16Z → 1941-12-08T04:57:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:43 on the 7th and 21:38 on the 8th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 7th and is not on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31210 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 7 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1941 falls on Sunday 7 December. Caturthī runs from 11:20 on Sun 7 Dec to 12:58 on Mon 8 Dec and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1941-12-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-12-15", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-12-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2258, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-12-14T11:07:23+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-14T03:07:23Z", "ms": -885156757203.9685 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-15T08:29:27+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-15T00:29:27Z", "ms": -885079833166.8593 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-12-14T11:07:23+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-14T03:07:23Z", "ms": -885156757203.9685 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-15T08:29:27+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-15T00:29:27Z", "ms": -885079833166.8593 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-12-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-12-14T07:51:07+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-13T23:51:07Z", "ms": -885168533061.1038 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-14T07:51:07+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-13T23:51:07Z", "ms": -885168533061.1038 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-12-15T07:51:48+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-14T23:51:48Z", "ms": -885082091566.2563 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-15T07:51:48+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-14T23:51:48Z", "ms": -885082091566.2563 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:07 on Sun 14 Dec to 08:29 on Mon 15 Dec.", "fact": "1941-12-14T03:07:23Z → 1941-12-15T00:29:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:51 on the 14th and 07:52 on the 15th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 14th and is on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2258 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 15 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saphalā Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Monday 15 December. Ekādaśī runs from 11:07 on Sun 14 Dec to 08:29 on Mon 15 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-12-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-12-16", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-12-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22603, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-12-16T05:20:04+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-15T21:20:04Z", "ms": -885004795906.1948 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-17T01:48:01+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-16T17:48:01Z", "ms": -884931118529.7882 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-12-16T05:20:04+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-15T21:20:04Z", "ms": -885004795906.1948 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-17T01:48:01+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-16T17:48:01Z", "ms": -884931118529.7882 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-12-15T17:36:52+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-15T09:36:52Z", "ms": -885046987809.8582 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-15T19:30:57+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-15T11:30:57Z", "ms": -885040142955.0059 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-12-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-12-16T17:37:11+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-16T09:37:11Z", "ms": -884960569190.72 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-16T19:31:18+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-16T11:31:18Z", "ms": -884953721646.0088 } }, "covered_min": 114, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:20 on Tue 16 Dec to 01:48 on Wed 17 Dec.", "fact": "1941-12-15T21:20:04Z → 1941-12-16T17:48:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:37–19:31 on the 15th, 17:37–19:31 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 114 minutes on the 15th and 114 of 114 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22603 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 16 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Tuesday 16 December. Trayodaśī runs from 05:20 on Tue 16 Dec to 01:48 on Wed 17 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-12-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-12-16", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-12-16", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2332, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-12-17T01:48:01+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-16T17:48:01Z", "ms": -884931118529.7882 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-17T22:03:38+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-17T14:03:38Z", "ms": -884858182364.7135 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-12-17T01:48:01+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-16T17:48:01Z", "ms": -884931118529.7882 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-17T22:03:38+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-17T14:03:38Z", "ms": -884858182364.7135 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-12-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-12-17T00:21:09+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-16T16:21:09Z", "ms": -884936330898.053 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-17T01:09:09+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-16T17:09:09Z", "ms": -884933450898.053 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-12-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-12-18T00:21:38+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-17T16:21:38Z", "ms": -884849901963.9584 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-18T01:09:38+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-17T17:09:38Z", "ms": -884847021963.9584 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 01:48 on Wed 17 Dec to 22:04 on Wed 17 Dec.", "fact": "1941-12-16T17:48:01Z → 1941-12-17T14:03:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:21–01:09 on the 16th, 00:22–01:10 on the 17th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither night qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 2332 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 16 December.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-16", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-16", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1941 falls on Tuesday 16 December. Caturdaśī runs from 01:48 on Wed 17 Dec to 22:04 on Wed 17 Dec, and reaches niśītha on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/shivaratri?on=1941-12-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-12-21", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-12-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12741, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1941-12-21T08:50:59+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-21T00:50:59Z", "ms": -884560141356.3218 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-22T06:53:45+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-21T22:53:45Z", "ms": -884480774882.0957 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-12-21T08:50:59+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-21T00:50:59Z", "ms": -884560141356.3218 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-22T06:53:45+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-21T22:53:45Z", "ms": -884480774882.0957 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-12-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-12-21T12:23:20+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-21T04:23:20Z", "ms": -884547400340.1262 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-21T13:11:20+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-21T05:11:20Z", "ms": -884544520340.1262 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-12-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-12-22T12:23:50+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-22T04:23:50Z", "ms": -884460970030.9926 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-22T13:11:50+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-22T05:11:50Z", "ms": -884458090030.9926 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:51 on Sun 21 Dec to 06:54 on Mon 22 Dec.", "fact": "1941-12-21T00:50:59Z → 1941-12-21T22:53:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 21st, 12:24–13:12 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12741 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1941: Sunday 21 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1941 falls on Sunday 21 December. Caturthī runs from 08:51 on Sun 21 Dec to 06:54 on Mon 22 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1941-12-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-12-29", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-12-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14115, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-12-28T11:53:46+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-28T03:53:46Z", "ms": -883944374172.4487 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-29T14:29:32+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-29T06:29:32Z", "ms": -883848627684.2822 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-12-28T11:53:46+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-28T03:53:46Z", "ms": -883944374172.4487 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-29T14:29:32+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-29T06:29:32Z", "ms": -883848627684.2822 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-12-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-12-28T07:58:31+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-27T23:58:31Z", "ms": -883958489434.867 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-28T07:58:31+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-27T23:58:31Z", "ms": -883958489434.867 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1941-12-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-12-29T07:58:50+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-28T23:58:50Z", "ms": -883872070429.2654 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-29T07:58:50+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-28T23:58:50Z", "ms": -883872070429.2654 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:54 on Sun 28 Dec to 14:30 on Mon 29 Dec.", "fact": "1941-12-28T03:53:46Z → 1941-12-29T06:29:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:59 on the 28th and 07:59 on the 29th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 28th and is on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14115 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1941: Monday 29 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Putradā Ekādaśī 1941 falls on Monday 29 December. Ekādaśī runs from 11:54 on Sun 28 Dec to 14:30 on Mon 29 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/ekadashi?on=1941-12-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-12-30", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1941, "local_date": "1941-12-30", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 366, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1941-12-30T17:05:35+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-30T09:05:35Z", "ms": -883752865036.4916 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-31T19:33:05+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-31T11:33:05Z", "ms": -883657614619.7712 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1941-12-30T17:05:35+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-30T09:05:35Z", "ms": -883752865036.4916 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-31T19:33:05+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-31T11:33:05Z", "ms": -883657614619.7712 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1941-12-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-12-30T17:44:33+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-30T09:44:33Z", "ms": -883750526612.6708 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-30T19:38:32+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-30T11:38:32Z", "ms": -883743688128.4545 } }, "covered_min": 114, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1941-12-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1941-12-31T17:45:17+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-31T09:45:17Z", "ms": -883664083474.266 }, "end": { "local": "1941-12-31T19:39:11+08:00", "utc": "1941-12-31T11:39:11Z", "ms": -883657248954.2137 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:06 on Tue 30 Dec to 19:33 on Wed 31 Dec.", "fact": "1941-12-30T09:05:35Z → 1941-12-31T11:33:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:45–19:39 on the 30th, 17:45–19:39 on the 31st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 114 of 114 minutes on the 30th and 108 of 114 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 366 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1941: Tuesday 30 December.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-30", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1941-12-30", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1941 falls on Tuesday 30 December. Trayodaśī runs from 17:06 on Tue 30 Dec to 19:33 on Wed 31 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 108 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1941/pradosha-vrata?on=1941-12-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } } ], "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }