{ "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949", "place": { "id": "12359313", "slug": "qingyang", "name": "Qingyang", "region": "Gansu, China", "country": "CN", "lat": 35.70976, "lon": 107.64455, "elevation_m": 1427, "tz": "Asia/Shanghai" }, "year": 1949, "tradition": "smarta", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "rulings": [ { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-01-03", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-01-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26950, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-01-02T20:46:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-02T12:46:36Z", "ms": -662555604324.7717 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-03T22:49:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-03T14:49:09Z", "ms": -662461851113.6816 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-01-02T20:46:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-02T12:46:36Z", "ms": -662555604324.7717 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-03T22:49:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-03T14:49:09Z", "ms": -662461851113.6816 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-01-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-02T12:29:26+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-02T04:29:26Z", "ms": -662585434277.4482 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-02T13:17:26+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-02T05:17:26Z", "ms": -662582554277.4482 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-01-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-03T12:29:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-03T04:29:54Z", "ms": -662499005895.009 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-03T13:17:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-03T05:17:54Z", "ms": -662496125895.009 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:47 on Sun 2 Jan to 22:49 on Mon 3 Jan.", "fact": "1949-01-02T12:46:36Z → 1949-01-03T14:49:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 2nd, 12:30–13:18 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26950 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 3 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1949 falls on Monday 3 January. Caturthī runs from 20:47 on Sun 2 Jan to 22:49 on Mon 3 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-01-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-01-11", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-01-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14516, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-01-10T12:02:06+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-10T04:02:06Z", "ms": -661895874487.0869 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-11T12:21:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-11T04:21:46Z", "ms": -661808293716.208 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-01-10T12:02:06+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-10T04:02:06Z", "ms": -661895874487.0869 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-11T12:21:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-11T04:21:46Z", "ms": -661808293716.208 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-01-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-10T08:00:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-10T00:00:10Z", "ms": -661910390207.0348 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-10T08:00:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-10T00:00:10Z", "ms": -661910390207.0348 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-01-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-11T08:00:03+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-11T00:00:03Z", "ms": -661823996749.1119 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-11T08:00:03+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-11T00:00:03Z", "ms": -661823996749.1119 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:02 on Mon 10 Jan to 12:22 on Tue 11 Jan.", "fact": "1949-01-10T04:02:06Z → 1949-01-11T04:21:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 08:00 on the 10th and 08:00 on the 11th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 10th and is on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14516 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 11 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Putradā Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Tuesday 11 January. Ekādaśī runs from 12:02 on Mon 10 Jan to 12:22 on Tue 11 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-01-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-01-12", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-01-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21916, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-01-12T11:50:26+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-12T03:50:26Z", "ms": -661723774052.8431 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-13T10:31:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T02:31:23Z", "ms": -661642117385.415 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-01-12T11:50:26+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-12T03:50:26Z", "ms": -661723774052.8431 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-13T10:31:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T02:31:23Z", "ms": -661642117385.415 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-01-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-12T17:55:42+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-12T09:55:42Z", "ms": -661701857781.6877 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-12T19:48:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-12T11:48:14Z", "ms": -661695105509.6575 } }, "covered_min": 113, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-13T17:56:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T09:56:39Z", "ms": -661615400860.9706 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-13T19:49:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T11:49:02Z", "ms": -661608657835.9813 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 112, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 11:50 on Wed 12 Jan to 10:31 on Thu 13 Jan.", "fact": "1949-01-12T03:50:26Z → 1949-01-13T02:31:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:56–19:48 on the 12th, 17:57–19:49 on the 13th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 113 of 113 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 112 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21916 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 12 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Wednesday 12 January. Trayodaśī runs from 11:50 on Wed 12 Jan to 10:31 on Thu 13 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-01-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/bhogi", "festival": "bhogi", "name": "Bhogi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19942, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1949-01-13T23:29:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T15:29:01Z", "ms": -661595459089.1244 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-12T12:26:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-12T04:26:53Z", "ms": -659043187465.0775 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1949-01-13T23:29:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T15:29:01Z", "ms": -661595459089.1244 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-13T23:29:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T15:29:01Z", "ms": -661595459089.1244 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-12T17:55:42+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-12T09:55:42Z", "ms": -661701857781.6877 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-13T17:56:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T09:56:39Z", "ms": -661615400860.9706 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-13T17:56:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T09:56:39Z", "ms": -661615400860.9706 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-14T17:57:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-14T09:57:37Z", "ms": -661528943268.6965 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1949-01-14", "days": -1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 23:29 on Thu 13 Jan.", "fact": "1949-01-13T15:29:01Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 17:57, and the day of the 14th ends at 17:58.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 19942 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Bhogi is kept the day before Pongal: Friday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal − 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhogi, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "bhogi", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": -1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1949-01-12", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1949-01-12", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Bhogi 1949 falls on Thursday 13 January. It is kept the day before Pongal, which falls on Friday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 23:29 on Thu 13 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 12 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/bhogi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/makara-sankranti", "festival": "makara-sankranti", "name": "Makara Saṅkrānti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1859, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1949-01-13T23:29:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T15:29:01Z", "ms": -661595459089.1244 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-12T12:26:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-12T04:26:53Z", "ms": -659043187465.0775 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1949-01-13T23:29:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T15:29:01Z", "ms": -661595459089.1244 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-13T23:29:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T15:29:01Z", "ms": -661595459089.1244 } }, "kaala": "civil-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-13T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-12T16:00:00Z", "ms": -661680000000 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-14T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T16:00:00Z", "ms": -661593600000 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-14T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T16:00:00Z", "ms": -661593600000 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-15T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-14T16:00:00Z", "ms": -661507200000 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 23:29 on Thu 13 Jan.", "fact": "1949-01-13T15:29:01Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Qingyang.", "fact": "civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · Asia/Shanghai" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 1859 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Makara Saṅkrānti, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "makara-sankranti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "midnight" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1949-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1949-01-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Makara Saṅkrānti 1949 falls on Thursday 13 January. The Sun enters Makara at 23:29 on Thu 13 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight. By the Tamil rule for the first day of a solar month, which gives a transit after sunset to the next day, it is 14 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/makara-sankranti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pongal", "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19942, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1949-01-13T23:29:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T15:29:01Z", "ms": -661595459089.1244 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-12T12:26:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-12T04:26:53Z", "ms": -659043187465.0775 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1949-01-13T23:29:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T15:29:01Z", "ms": -661595459089.1244 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-13T23:29:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T15:29:01Z", "ms": -661595459089.1244 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-12T17:55:42+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-12T09:55:42Z", "ms": -661701857781.6877 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-13T17:56:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T09:56:39Z", "ms": -661615400860.9706 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-13T17:56:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T09:56:39Z", "ms": -661615400860.9706 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-14T17:57:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-14T09:57:37Z", "ms": -661528943268.6965 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 23:29 on Thu 13 Jan.", "fact": "1949-01-13T15:29:01Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 17:57, and the day of the 14th ends at 17:58.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 19942 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pongal, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "pongal", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The rule that heads the solar festivals, the day \"taken to begin from midnight\" (p. 106), is not applied to Pongal. It is kept on the first day of the month of Makara as the Tamil districts count it, a transit after sunset going to the next day (p. 244); the Rashtriya Panchang prints Pongal so.", "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1949-01-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1949-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Pongal 1949 falls on Friday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 23:29 on Thu 13 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 13 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/mattu-pongal", "festival": "mattu-pongal", "name": "Mattu Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19942, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1949-01-13T23:29:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T15:29:01Z", "ms": -661595459089.1244 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-12T12:26:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-12T04:26:53Z", "ms": -659043187465.0775 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1949-01-13T23:29:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T15:29:01Z", "ms": -661595459089.1244 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-13T23:29:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T15:29:01Z", "ms": -661595459089.1244 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-12T17:55:42+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-12T09:55:42Z", "ms": -661701857781.6877 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-13T17:56:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T09:56:39Z", "ms": -661615400860.9706 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-13T17:56:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-13T09:56:39Z", "ms": -661615400860.9706 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-14T17:57:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-14T09:57:37Z", "ms": -661528943268.6965 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1949-01-14", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 23:29 on Thu 13 Jan.", "fact": "1949-01-13T15:29:01Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 17:57, and the day of the 14th ends at 17:58.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 19942 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Mattu Pongal is kept the day after Pongal: Friday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mattu Pongal, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "mattu-pongal", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1949-01-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1949-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mattu Pongal 1949 falls on Saturday 15 January. It is kept the day after Pongal, which falls on Friday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 23:29 on Thu 13 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 14 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/mattu-pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-01-17", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-01-17", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 306, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-01-17T20:54:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-17T12:54:34Z", "ms": -661259125774.4215 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-18T17:56:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-18T09:56:09Z", "ms": -661183431420.092 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-01-17T20:54:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-17T12:54:34Z", "ms": -661259125774.4215 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-18T17:56:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-18T09:56:09Z", "ms": -661183431420.092 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-01-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-17T20:49:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-17T12:49:28Z", "ms": -661259431591.9591 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-17T20:49:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-17T12:49:28Z", "ms": -661259431591.9591 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-01-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-18T22:02:08+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-18T14:02:08Z", "ms": -661168672427.0403 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-18T22:02:08+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-18T14:02:08Z", "ms": -661168672427.0403 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:55 on Mon 17 Jan to 17:56 on Tue 18 Jan.", "fact": "1949-01-17T12:54:34Z → 1949-01-18T09:56:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:49 on the 17th and 22:02 on the 18th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 17th and is not on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 306 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 17 January.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-17", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-17", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1949 falls on Monday 17 January. Caturthī runs from 20:55 on Mon 17 Jan to 17:56 on Tue 18 Jan, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-01-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-01-24", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-01-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 447, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-01-24T07:48:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-23T23:48:16Z", "ms": -660701504151.3862 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-25T07:36:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-24T23:36:53Z", "ms": -660615786524.8517 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-01-24T07:48:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-23T23:48:16Z", "ms": -660701504151.3862 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-25T07:36:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-24T23:36:53Z", "ms": -660615786524.8517 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-01-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-24T07:55:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-23T23:55:43Z", "ms": -660701056787.2051 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-24T07:55:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-23T23:55:43Z", "ms": -660701056787.2051 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-25T07:55:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-24T23:55:10Z", "ms": -660614689708.4747 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-25T07:55:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-24T23:55:10Z", "ms": -660614689708.4747 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 07:48 on Mon 24 Jan to 07:37 on Tue 25 Jan.", "fact": "1949-01-23T23:48:16Z → 1949-01-24T23:36:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:56 on the 24th and 07:55 on the 25th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 24th and is not on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 447 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 24 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Monday 24 January. Ekādaśī runs from 07:48 on Mon 24 Jan to 07:37 on Tue 25 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-01-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-01-26", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-01-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35246, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-01-26T07:48:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-25T23:48:47Z", "ms": -660528673219.503 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-27T08:23:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-27T00:23:22Z", "ms": -660440197919.0583 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-01-26T07:48:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-25T23:48:47Z", "ms": -660528673219.503 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-27T08:23:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-27T00:23:22Z", "ms": -660440197919.0583 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-26T18:09:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-26T10:09:45Z", "ms": -660491414675.5114 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-26T19:59:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-26T11:59:39Z", "ms": -660484820824.9794 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-01-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-27T18:10:48+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-27T10:10:48Z", "ms": -660404952075.0951 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-27T20:00:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-27T12:00:28Z", "ms": -660398371654.7446 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 07:49 on Wed 26 Jan to 08:23 on Thu 27 Jan.", "fact": "1949-01-25T23:48:47Z → 1949-01-27T00:23:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:10–20:00 on the 26th, 18:11–20:00 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 110 of 110 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 110 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35246 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 26 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Wednesday 26 January. Trayodaśī runs from 07:49 on Wed 26 Jan to 08:23 on Thu 27 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-01-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-01-27", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-01-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25050, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-01-27T08:23:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-27T00:23:22Z", "ms": -660440197919.0583 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-28T09:20:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-28T01:20:55Z", "ms": -660350345237.0823 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-01-27T08:23:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-27T00:23:22Z", "ms": -660440197919.0583 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-28T09:20:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-28T01:20:55Z", "ms": -660350345237.0823 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-27T00:37:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-26T16:37:52Z", "ms": -660468127736.0164 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-27T01:25:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-26T17:25:52Z", "ms": -660465247736.0164 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-01-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-28T00:38:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-27T16:38:05Z", "ms": -660381715498.781 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-28T01:26:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-27T17:26:05Z", "ms": -660378835498.781 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 08:23 on Thu 27 Jan to 09:21 on Fri 28 Jan.", "fact": "1949-01-27T00:23:22Z → 1949-01-28T01:20:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:38–01:26 on the 26th, 00:38–01:26 on the 27th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25050 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 27 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1949 falls on Thursday 27 January. Caturdaśī runs from 08:23 on Thu 27 Jan to 09:21 on Fri 28 Jan and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-01-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/yama-tarpana", "festival": "yama-tarpana", "name": "Yama Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-01-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1763, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-01-27T08:23:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-27T00:23:22Z", "ms": -660440197919.0583 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-28T09:20:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-28T01:20:55Z", "ms": -660350345237.0823 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-01-27T08:23:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-27T00:23:22Z", "ms": -660440197919.0583 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-28T09:20:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-28T01:20:55Z", "ms": -660350345237.0823 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-01-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-27T06:04:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-26T22:04:05Z", "ms": -660448554647.0533 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-27T07:53:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-26T23:53:59Z", "ms": -660441960796.5214 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-01-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-01-28T06:03:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-27T22:03:41Z", "ms": -660362179342.8173 }, "end": { "local": "1949-01-28T07:53:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-01-27T23:53:21Z", "ms": -660355598922.4668 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 08:23 on Thu 27 Jan to 09:21 on Fri 28 Jan.", "fact": "1949-01-27T00:23:22Z → 1949-01-28T01:20:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 06:04–07:54 on the 27th, 06:04–07:53 on the 28th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 110 minutes on the 27th and 110 of 110 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1763 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Tarpaṇa, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 28 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Yama tarpana (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-01-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Yama Tarpaṇa 1949 falls on Friday 28 January. Caturdaśī runs from 08:23 on Thu 27 Jan to 09:21 on Fri 28 Jan and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/yama-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/tila-chaturthi", "festival": "tila-chaturthi", "name": "Tila Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-02-01", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1141, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-02-01T17:04:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-01T09:04:36Z", "ms": -659976923694.1973 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-02T19:46:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-02T11:46:18Z", "ms": -659880821538.5968 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-02-01T17:04:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-01T09:04:36Z", "ms": -659976923694.1973 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-02T19:46:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-02T11:46:18Z", "ms": -659880821538.5968 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-01T18:16:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-01T10:16:02Z", "ms": -659972638335.5515 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-01T20:04:32+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-01T12:04:32Z", "ms": -659966128488.4128 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-02-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-02T18:17:04+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-02T10:17:04Z", "ms": -659886175683.6913 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-02T20:05:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-02T12:05:19Z", "ms": -659879680580.3732 } }, "covered_min": 89, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 17:05 on Tue 1 Feb to 19:46 on Wed 2 Feb.", "fact": "1949-02-01T09:04:36Z → 1949-02-02T11:46:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:16–20:05 on the 1st, 18:17–20:05 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 108 of 108 minutes on the 1st and 89 of 108 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1141 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Tila Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 1 February.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "tila-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-01", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-01", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Tila Caturthī 1949 falls on Tuesday 1 February. Caturthī runs from 17:05 on Tue 1 Feb to 19:46 on Wed 2 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 89 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/tila-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ganesha-jayanti", "festival": "ganesha-jayanti", "name": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī", "everyday": "Maghi Ganesh Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-02-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13040, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-02-01T17:04:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-01T09:04:36Z", "ms": -659976923694.1973 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-02T19:46:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-02T11:46:18Z", "ms": -659880821538.5968 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-02-01T17:04:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-01T09:04:36Z", "ms": -659976923694.1973 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-02T19:46:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-02T11:46:18Z", "ms": -659880821538.5968 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-01T12:39:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-01T04:39:17Z", "ms": -659992843230.7019 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-01T13:27:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-01T05:27:17Z", "ms": -659989963230.7019 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-02-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-02T12:39:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-02T04:39:25Z", "ms": -659906435082.8514 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-02T13:27:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-02T05:27:25Z", "ms": -659903555082.8514 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 17:05 on Tue 1 Feb to 19:46 on Wed 2 Feb.", "fact": "1949-02-01T09:04:36Z → 1949-02-02T11:46:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:39–13:27 on the 1st, 12:39–13:27 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 13040 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 2 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Gaṇeśa Jayantī (Maghi Ganesh Jayanti) 1949 falls on Wednesday 2 February. Caturthī runs from 17:05 on Tue 1 Feb to 19:46 on Wed 2 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ganesha-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/shri-panchami", "festival": "shri-panchami", "name": "Śrī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-02-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22734, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1949-02-02T19:46:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-02T11:46:18Z", "ms": -659880821538.5968 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-03T22:30:51+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-03T14:30:51Z", "ms": -659784548712.3392 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-02-02T19:46:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-02T11:46:18Z", "ms": -659880821538.5968 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-03T22:30:51+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-03T14:30:51Z", "ms": -659784548712.3392 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-02-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-02T12:39:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-02T04:39:25Z", "ms": -659906435082.8514 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-02T13:27:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-02T05:27:25Z", "ms": -659903555082.8514 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-02-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-03T12:39:32+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-03T04:39:32Z", "ms": -659820027772.7466 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-03T13:27:32+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-03T05:27:32Z", "ms": -659817147772.7466 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 19:46 on Wed 2 Feb to 22:31 on Thu 3 Feb.", "fact": "1949-02-02T11:46:18Z → 1949-02-03T14:30:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:39–13:27 on the 2nd, 12:40–13:28 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 22734 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 3 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śrī Pañcamī 1949 falls on Thursday 3 February. Pañcamī runs from 19:46 on Wed 2 Feb to 22:31 on Thu 3 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/shri-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vasanta-panchami", "festival": "vasanta-panchami", "name": "Vasanta Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-02-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22734, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1949-02-02T19:46:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-02T11:46:18Z", "ms": -659880821538.5968 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-03T22:30:51+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-03T14:30:51Z", "ms": -659784548712.3392 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-02-02T19:46:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-02T11:46:18Z", "ms": -659880821538.5968 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-03T22:30:51+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-03T14:30:51Z", "ms": -659784548712.3392 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-02-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-02T12:39:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-02T04:39:25Z", "ms": -659906435082.8514 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-02T13:27:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-02T05:27:25Z", "ms": -659903555082.8514 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-02-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-03T12:39:32+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-03T04:39:32Z", "ms": -659820027772.7466 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-03T13:27:32+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-03T05:27:32Z", "ms": -659817147772.7466 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 19:46 on Wed 2 Feb to 22:31 on Thu 3 Feb.", "fact": "1949-02-02T11:46:18Z → 1949-02-03T14:30:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:39–13:27 on the 2nd, 12:40–13:28 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22734 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasanta Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 3 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasanta-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vasanta Pañcamī 1949 falls on Thursday 3 February. Pañcamī runs from 19:46 on Wed 2 Feb to 22:31 on Thu 3 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vasanta-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ratha-saptami", "festival": "ratha-saptami", "name": "Ratha Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-02-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9888, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1949-02-05T01:04:57+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-04T17:04:57Z", "ms": -659688902749.5033 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-06T03:14:07+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-05T19:14:07Z", "ms": -659594753192.4171 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-02-05T01:04:57+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-04T17:04:57Z", "ms": -659688902749.5033 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-06T03:14:07+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-05T19:14:07Z", "ms": -659594753192.4171 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-02-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-05T05:59:32+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-04T21:59:32Z", "ms": -659671227911.0094 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-05T07:47:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-04T23:47:17Z", "ms": -659664762863.1527 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-06T05:58:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-05T21:58:55Z", "ms": -659584865083.7963 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-06T07:46:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-05T23:46:25Z", "ms": -659578415332.7574 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 01:05 on Sat 5 Feb to 03:14 on Sun 6 Feb.", "fact": "1949-02-04T17:04:57Z → 1949-02-05T19:14:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 06:00–07:47 on the 5th, 05:59–07:46 on the 6th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 108 of 108 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 107 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9888 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ratha Saptamī, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 5 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ratha-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Ratha saptami (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise), Acala saptami, Vidhana saptami, Arogya saptami [purvaviddha]." } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ratha Saptamī 1949 falls on Saturday 5 February. Saptamī runs from 01:05 on Sat 5 Feb to 03:14 on Sun 6 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ratha-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-02-09", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Jayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-02-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8800, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-02-09T05:16:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-08T21:16:59Z", "ms": -659328181117.478 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-10T04:12:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-09T20:12:45Z", "ms": -659245635109.7992 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-02-09T05:16:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-08T21:16:59Z", "ms": -659328181117.478 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-10T04:12:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-09T20:12:45Z", "ms": -659245635109.7992 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-02-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-09T07:43:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-08T23:43:39Z", "ms": -659319381344.6553 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-09T07:43:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-08T23:43:39Z", "ms": -659319381344.6553 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-10T07:42:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-09T23:42:41Z", "ms": -659233039442.5125 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-10T07:42:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-09T23:42:41Z", "ms": -659233039442.5125 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:17 on Wed 9 Feb to 04:13 on Thu 10 Feb.", "fact": "1949-02-08T21:16:59Z → 1949-02-09T20:12:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:44 on the 9th and 07:43 on the 10th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 9th and is not on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 8800 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jayā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 9 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Jayā Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Wednesday 9 February. Ekādaśī runs from 05:17 on Wed 9 Feb to 04:13 on Thu 10 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-02-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/bhishma-dvadashi", "festival": "bhishma-dvadashi", "name": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-02-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30435, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-02-10T04:12:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-09T20:12:45Z", "ms": -659245635109.7992 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-11T02:19:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-10T18:19:14Z", "ms": -659166045811.0457 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-02-10T04:12:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-09T20:12:45Z", "ms": -659245635109.7992 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-11T02:19:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-10T18:19:14Z", "ms": -659166045811.0457 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-10T12:40:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-10T04:40:00Z", "ms": -659215199879.887 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-10T13:28:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-10T05:28:00Z", "ms": -659212319879.887 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-11T12:40:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-11T04:40:01Z", "ms": -659128799150.9473 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-11T13:28:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-11T05:28:01Z", "ms": -659125919150.9473 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 04:13 on Thu 10 Feb to 02:19 on Fri 11 Feb.", "fact": "1949-02-09T20:12:45Z → 1949-02-10T18:19:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:40–13:28 on the 10th, 12:40–13:28 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 30435 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 10 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhishma-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Bhisma dvadasi (purvaviddha), Amalaki dvadasi, Santana dvadasi, Varaha dvadasi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Bhīṣma Dvādaśī 1949 falls on Thursday 10 February. Dvādaśī runs from 04:13 on Thu 10 Feb to 02:19 on Fri 11 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/bhishma-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-02-11", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-02-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12705, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-02-11T02:19:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-10T18:19:14Z", "ms": -659166045811.0457 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-11T23:44:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-11T15:44:00Z", "ms": -659088960204.2831 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-02-11T02:19:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-10T18:19:14Z", "ms": -659166045811.0457 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-11T23:44:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-11T15:44:00Z", "ms": -659088960204.2831 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-10T18:25:20+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-10T10:25:20Z", "ms": -659194480317.2615 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-10T20:11:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-10T12:11:31Z", "ms": -659188109456.9386 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-11T18:26:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-11T10:26:21Z", "ms": -659108019437.0548 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-11T20:12:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-11T12:12:15Z", "ms": -659101664789.0547 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 02:19 on Fri 11 Feb to 23:44 on Fri 11 Feb.", "fact": "1949-02-10T18:19:14Z → 1949-02-11T15:44:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:25–20:12 on the 10th, 18:26–20:12 on the 11th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 106 minutes on the 10th and 106 of 106 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12705 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 11 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Friday 11 February. Trayodaśī runs from 02:19 on Fri 11 Feb to 23:44 on Fri 11 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-02-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/maghi-purnima", "festival": "maghi-purnima", "name": "Māghī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-02-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13215, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1949-02-12T20:36:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-12T12:36:43Z", "ms": -659013796765.8868 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-13T17:08:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-13T09:08:15Z", "ms": -658939905216.4265 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-02-12T20:36:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-12T12:36:43Z", "ms": -659013796765.8868 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-13T17:08:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-13T09:08:15Z", "ms": -658939905216.4265 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-02-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-12T12:40:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-12T04:40:01Z", "ms": -659042399206.5203 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-12T13:28:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-12T05:28:01Z", "ms": -659039519206.5203 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-02-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-13T12:40:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-13T04:40:00Z", "ms": -658956000032.6232 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-13T13:28:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-13T05:28:00Z", "ms": -658953120032.6232 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:37 on Sat 12 Feb to 17:08 on Sun 13 Feb.", "fact": "1949-02-12T12:36:43Z → 1949-02-13T09:08:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:40–13:28 on the 12th, 12:40–13:28 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13215 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Māghī Pūrṇimā, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 13 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maghi-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Maghi purnima (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Māghī Pūrṇimā 1949 falls on Sunday 13 February. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:37 on Sat 12 Feb to 17:08 on Sun 13 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/maghi-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-02-16", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-02-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18853, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-02-16T06:26:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-15T22:26:10Z", "ms": -658719230430.9493 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-17T03:20:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-16T19:20:27Z", "ms": -658643973185.4482 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-02-16T06:26:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-15T22:26:10Z", "ms": -658719230430.9493 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-17T03:20:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-16T19:20:27Z", "ms": -658643973185.4482 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-02-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-15T20:53:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-15T12:53:52Z", "ms": -658753568264.444 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-15T20:53:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-15T12:53:52Z", "ms": -658753568264.444 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-02-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-16T22:06:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-16T14:06:14Z", "ms": -658662826358.2866 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-16T22:06:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-16T14:06:14Z", "ms": -658662826358.2866 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:26 on Wed 16 Feb to 03:20 on Thu 17 Feb.", "fact": "1949-02-15T22:26:10Z → 1949-02-16T19:20:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:54 on the 15th and 22:06 on the 16th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 15th and is on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18853 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 16 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1949 falls on Wednesday 16 February. Caturthī runs from 06:26 on Wed 16 Feb to 03:20 on Thu 17 Feb and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-02-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-02-23", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Vijayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-02-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35943, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-02-22T20:34:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-22T12:34:31Z", "ms": -658149928580.934 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-23T21:28:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-23T13:28:01Z", "ms": -658060318987.8999 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-02-22T20:34:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-22T12:34:31Z", "ms": -658149928580.934 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-23T21:28:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-23T13:28:01Z", "ms": -658060318987.8999 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-02-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-23T07:28:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-22T23:28:17Z", "ms": -658110702697.7562 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-23T07:28:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-22T23:28:17Z", "ms": -658110702697.7562 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-02-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-24T07:27:04+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-23T23:27:04Z", "ms": -658024376240.4769 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-24T07:27:04+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-23T23:27:04Z", "ms": -658024376240.4769 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:35 on Tue 22 Feb to 21:28 on Wed 23 Feb.", "fact": "1949-02-22T12:34:31Z → 1949-02-23T13:28:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:28 on the 23rd and 07:27 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 23rd and is not on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35943 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 23 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vijayā Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Wednesday 23 February. Ekādaśī runs from 20:35 on Tue 22 Feb to 21:28 on Wed 23 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-02-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/maha-shivaratri", "festival": "maha-shivaratri", "name": "Mahāśivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-02-25", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-disputed" ], "boundary_margin_s": 397, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-02-26T00:31:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-25T16:31:41Z", "ms": -657876499443.9932 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-27T02:34:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-26T18:34:53Z", "ms": -657782706988.7307 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-02-26T00:31:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-25T16:31:41Z", "ms": -657876499443.9932 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-27T02:34:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-26T18:34:53Z", "ms": -657782706988.7307 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-02-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-26T00:38:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-25T16:38:18Z", "ms": -657876102012.9985 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-26T01:26:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-25T17:26:18Z", "ms": -657873222012.9985 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-02-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-27T00:38:08+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-26T16:38:08Z", "ms": -657789711877.4431 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-27T01:26:08+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-26T17:26:08Z", "ms": -657786831877.4431 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 00:32 on Sat 26 Feb to 02:35 on Sun 27 Feb.", "fact": "1949-02-25T16:31:41Z → 1949-02-26T18:34:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:38–01:26 on the 25th, 00:38–01:26 on the 26th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both nights qualify and the cited authorities disagree. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: disputed → greater-coverage · margin 397 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāśivarātri, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 25 February.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-disputed)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maha-shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day" } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-25", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-25", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mahāśivarātri 1949 falls on Friday 25 February. Caturdaśī runs from 00:32 on Sat 26 Feb to 02:35 on Sun 27 Feb and covers all of niśītha that night. It also reaches the next night for 48 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/maha-shivaratri", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-02-25", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-02-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8818, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-02-24T22:48:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-24T14:48:17Z", "ms": -657969102627.0365 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-26T00:31:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-25T16:31:41Z", "ms": -657876499443.9932 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-02-24T22:48:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-24T14:48:17Z", "ms": -657969102627.0365 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-26T00:31:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-25T16:31:41Z", "ms": -657876499443.9932 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-02-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-24T18:39:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-24T10:39:05Z", "ms": -657984054783.147 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-24T20:21:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-24T12:21:19Z", "ms": -657977920898.1517 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-02-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-02-25T18:40:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-25T10:40:02Z", "ms": -657897598142.4111 }, "end": { "local": "1949-02-25T20:21:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-02-25T12:21:58Z", "ms": -657891481841.2344 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:48 on Thu 24 Feb to 00:32 on Sat 26 Feb.", "fact": "1949-02-24T14:48:17Z → 1949-02-25T16:31:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:39–20:21 on the 24th, 18:40–20:22 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 102 minutes on the 24th and 102 of 102 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8818 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 25 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-02-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Friday 25 February. Trayodaśī runs from 22:48 on Thu 24 Feb to 00:32 on Sat 26 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-02-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-03-04", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-03-04", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 692, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-03-03T12:49:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-03T04:49:22Z", "ms": -657400237829.2233 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-04T15:22:42+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-04T07:22:42Z", "ms": -657304637605.5299 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-03-03T12:49:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-03T04:49:22Z", "ms": -657400237829.2233 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-04T15:22:42+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-04T07:22:42Z", "ms": -657304637605.5299 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-03-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-03T12:37:51+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-03T04:37:51Z", "ms": -657400929380.0149 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-03T13:25:51+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-03T05:25:51Z", "ms": -657398049380.0149 } }, "covered_min": 36, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-03-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-04T12:37:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-04T04:37:38Z", "ms": -657314542020.0006 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-04T13:25:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-04T05:25:38Z", "ms": -657311662020.0006 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:49 on Thu 3 Mar to 15:23 on Fri 4 Mar.", "fact": "1949-03-03T04:49:22Z → 1949-03-04T07:22:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:38–13:26 on the 3rd, 12:38–13:26 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 36 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 692 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 4 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-04", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-04", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1949 falls on Friday 4 March. Caturthī runs from 12:49 on Thu 3 Mar to 15:23 on Fri 4 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 36 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-03-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-03-11", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-03-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34338, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-03-10T18:48:51+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-10T10:48:51Z", "ms": -656773869020.029 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-11T16:39:32+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-11T08:39:32Z", "ms": -656695228352.2972 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-03-10T18:48:51+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-10T10:48:51Z", "ms": -656773869020.029 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-11T16:39:32+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-11T08:39:32Z", "ms": -656695228352.2972 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-03-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-10T07:08:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-09T23:08:37Z", "ms": -656815882894.8373 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-10T07:08:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-09T23:08:37Z", "ms": -656815882894.8373 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-03-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-11T07:07:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-10T23:07:14Z", "ms": -656729566243.8502 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-11T07:07:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-10T23:07:14Z", "ms": -656729566243.8502 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:49 on Thu 10 Mar to 16:40 on Fri 11 Mar.", "fact": "1949-03-10T10:48:51Z → 1949-03-11T08:39:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:09 on the 10th and 07:07 on the 11th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 10th and is on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34338 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 11 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Āmalakī Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Friday 11 March. Ekādaśī runs from 18:49 on Thu 10 Mar to 16:40 on Fri 11 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-03-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-03-12", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-03-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18161, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-03-12T13:50:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-12T05:50:52Z", "ms": -656618948119.5188 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-13T10:31:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-13T02:31:44Z", "ms": -656544496486.8762 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-03-12T13:50:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-12T05:50:52Z", "ms": -656618948119.5188 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-13T10:31:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-13T02:31:44Z", "ms": -656544496486.8762 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-03-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-12T18:53:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-12T10:53:33Z", "ms": -656600787354.0139 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-12T20:31:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-12T12:31:00Z", "ms": -656594940258.1436 } }, "covered_min": 97, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-03-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-13T18:54:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-13T10:54:24Z", "ms": -656514335676.6625 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-13T20:31:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-13T12:31:33Z", "ms": -656508506734.6302 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:51 on Sat 12 Mar to 10:32 on Sun 13 Mar.", "fact": "1949-03-12T05:50:52Z → 1949-03-13T02:31:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:54–20:31 on the 12th, 18:54–20:32 on the 13th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 97 of 97 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 97 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18161 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 12 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Saturday 12 March. Trayodaśī runs from 13:51 on Sat 12 Mar to 10:32 on Sun 13 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-03-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/holika-dahana", "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-03-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29253, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1949-03-14T06:52:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-13T22:52:10Z", "ms": -656471269991.8557 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-15T03:02:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-14T19:02:49Z", "ms": -656398631314.1227 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-03-14T06:52:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-13T22:52:10Z", "ms": -656471269991.8557 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-15T03:02:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-14T19:02:49Z", "ms": -656398631314.1227 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-03-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-13T16:32:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-13T08:32:25Z", "ms": -656522855368.3271 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-13T18:54:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-13T10:54:24Z", "ms": -656514335676.6625 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 142, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-03-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-14T16:32:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-14T08:32:49Z", "ms": -656436431112.6854 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-14T18:55:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-14T10:55:16Z", "ms": -656427884238.0016 } }, "covered_min": 142, "window_min": 142, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 06:52 on Mon 14 Mar to 03:03 on Tue 15 Mar.", "fact": "1949-03-13T22:52:10Z → 1949-03-14T19:02:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:32–18:54 on the 13th, 16:33–18:55 on the 14th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 142 minutes on the 13th and 142 of 142 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29253 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holikā Dahana, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 14 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holika-dahana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "not_evaluated": "The hour the row gives for the rite (\"it should be observed on second half of purnima at night\") is not tested: sāyāhna alone settles the day.", "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Holikā Dahana 1949 falls on Monday 14 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 06:52 on Mon 14 Mar to 03:03 on Tue 15 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/holika-dahana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/holi", "festival": "holi", "name": "Holī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-03-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29253, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1949-03-14T06:52:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-13T22:52:10Z", "ms": -656471269991.8557 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-15T03:02:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-14T19:02:49Z", "ms": -656398631314.1227 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-03-14T06:52:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-13T22:52:10Z", "ms": -656471269991.8557 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-15T03:02:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-14T19:02:49Z", "ms": -656398631314.1227 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-03-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-13T16:32:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-13T08:32:25Z", "ms": -656522855368.3271 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-13T18:54:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-13T10:54:24Z", "ms": -656514335676.6625 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 142, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-03-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-14T16:32:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-14T08:32:49Z", "ms": -656436431112.6854 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-14T18:55:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-14T10:55:16Z", "ms": -656427884238.0016 } }, "covered_min": 142, "window_min": 142, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "local_date": "1949-03-14", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 06:52 on Mon 14 Mar to 03:03 on Tue 15 Mar.", "fact": "1949-03-13T22:52:10Z → 1949-03-14T19:02:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:32–18:54 on the 13th, 16:33–18:55 on the 14th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 142 minutes on the 13th and 142 of 142 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29253 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Holī is kept the day after Holikā Dahana: Monday 14 March is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: holika-dahana + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holī, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 15 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holi", "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Holī 1949 falls on Tuesday 15 March. It is kept the day after Holikā Dahana, which falls on Monday 14 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 06:52 on Mon 14 Mar to 03:03 on Tue 15 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna on the 14th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/holi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vasantotsava", "festival": "vasantotsava", "name": "Vasantotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-03-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14328, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 15, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1949-03-15T03:02:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-14T19:02:49Z", "ms": -656398631314.1227 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-15T23:14:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-15T15:14:22Z", "ms": -656325938239.2343 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-03-15T03:02:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-14T19:02:49Z", "ms": -656398631314.1227 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-15T23:14:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-15T15:14:22Z", "ms": -656325938239.2343 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-03-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-15T07:01:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-14T23:01:37Z", "ms": -656384303398.2448 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-15T07:01:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-14T23:01:37Z", "ms": -656384303398.2448 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-03-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-16T07:00:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-15T23:00:12Z", "ms": -656297988463.0002 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-16T07:00:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-15T23:00:12Z", "ms": -656297988463.0002 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 03:03 on Tue 15 Mar to 23:14 on Tue 15 Mar.", "fact": "1949-03-14T19:02:49Z → 1949-03-15T15:14:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:02 on the 15th and 07:00 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be current at sunrise. It is on the 15th and is not on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 14328 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasantotsava, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 15 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasantotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 1 Vasantotsava (current at sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vasantotsava 1949 falls on Tuesday 15 March. Pratipadā runs from 03:03 on Tue 15 Mar to 23:14 on Tue 15 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vasantotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-03-17", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-03-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20845, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-03-17T16:21:06+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-17T08:21:06Z", "ms": -656177934182.1716 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-18T13:34:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-18T05:34:40Z", "ms": -656101519685.9294 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-03-17T16:21:06+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-17T08:21:06Z", "ms": -656177934182.1716 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-18T13:34:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-18T05:34:40Z", "ms": -656101519685.9294 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-03-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-17T22:08:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-17T14:08:31Z", "ms": -656157089085.4584 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-17T22:08:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-17T14:08:31Z", "ms": -656157089085.4584 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-03-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-18T23:22:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-18T15:22:15Z", "ms": -656066265300.6554 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-18T23:22:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-18T15:22:15Z", "ms": -656066265300.6554 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:21 on Thu 17 Mar to 13:35 on Fri 18 Mar.", "fact": "1949-03-17T08:21:06Z → 1949-03-18T05:34:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:09 on the 17th and 23:22 on the 18th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 17th and is not on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20845 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 17 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1949 falls on Thursday 17 March. Caturthī runs from 16:21 on Thu 17 Mar to 13:35 on Fri 18 Mar and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-03-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/shitalashtami", "festival": "shitalashtami", "name": "Śītalāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-03-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11760, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1949-03-21T09:14:48+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-21T01:14:48Z", "ms": -655857911842.2666 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-22T09:16:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-22T01:16:49Z", "ms": -655771391235.1584 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-03-21T09:14:48+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-21T01:14:48Z", "ms": -655857911842.2666 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-22T09:16:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-22T01:16:49Z", "ms": -655771391235.1584 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-03-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-21T12:33:07+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-21T04:33:07Z", "ms": -655846013111.6476 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-21T13:21:07+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-21T05:21:07Z", "ms": -655843133111.6476 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-03-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-22T12:32:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-22T04:32:49Z", "ms": -655759631082.4827 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-22T13:20:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-22T05:20:49Z", "ms": -655756751082.4827 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 09:15 on Mon 21 Mar to 09:17 on Tue 22 Mar.", "fact": "1949-03-21T01:14:48Z → 1949-03-22T01:16:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:33–13:21 on the 21st, 12:33–13:21 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 11760 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 21 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitalashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Sitalastami, (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śītalāṣṭamī 1949 falls on Monday 21 March. Aṣṭamī runs from 09:15 on Mon 21 Mar to 09:17 on Tue 22 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/shitalashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-03-25", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-03-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16388, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-03-24T11:21:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-24T03:21:53Z", "ms": -655591087444.0326 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-25T13:13:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-25T05:13:05Z", "ms": -655498015075.748 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-03-24T11:21:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-24T03:21:53Z", "ms": -655591087444.0326 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-25T13:13:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-25T05:13:05Z", "ms": -655498015075.748 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-24T06:48:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-23T22:48:45Z", "ms": -655607475208.3116 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-24T06:48:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-23T22:48:45Z", "ms": -655607475208.3116 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-25T06:47:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-24T22:47:19Z", "ms": -655521161377.4543 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-25T06:47:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-24T22:47:19Z", "ms": -655521161377.4543 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:22 on Thu 24 Mar to 13:13 on Fri 25 Mar.", "fact": "1949-03-24T03:21:53Z → 1949-03-25T05:13:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:49 on the 24th and 06:47 on the 25th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16388 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 25 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Friday 25 March. Ekādaśī runs from 11:22 on Thu 24 Mar to 13:13 on Fri 25 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-03-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-03-26", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-03-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4220, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-03-26T15:26:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-26T07:26:56Z", "ms": -655403584162.0361 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-27T17:55:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-27T09:55:50Z", "ms": -655308250416.8462 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-03-26T15:26:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-26T07:26:56Z", "ms": -655403584162.0361 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-27T17:55:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-27T09:55:50Z", "ms": -655308250416.8462 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-03-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-26T19:05:20+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-26T11:05:20Z", "ms": -655390479719.3556 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-26T20:38:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-26T12:38:33Z", "ms": -655384886905.6654 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-03-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-27T19:06:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-27T11:06:10Z", "ms": -655304030038.947 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-27T20:39:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-27T12:39:05Z", "ms": -655298455317.9183 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 15:27 on Sat 26 Mar to 17:56 on Sun 27 Mar.", "fact": "1949-03-26T07:26:56Z → 1949-03-27T09:55:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:05–20:39 on the 26th, 19:06–20:39 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 93 of 93 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 93 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4220 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 26 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Saturday 26 March. Trayodaśī runs from 15:27 on Sat 26 Mar to 17:56 on Sun 27 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-03-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-03-27", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-03-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14261, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-03-27T17:55:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-27T09:55:50Z", "ms": -655308250416.8462 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-28T20:32:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-28T12:32:36Z", "ms": -655212443854.9158 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-03-27T17:55:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-27T09:55:50Z", "ms": -655308250416.8462 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-28T20:32:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-28T12:32:36Z", "ms": -655212443854.9158 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-03-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-28T00:30:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-27T16:30:35Z", "ms": -655284564835.0892 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-28T01:18:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-27T17:18:35Z", "ms": -655281684835.0892 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-03-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-29T00:30:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-28T16:30:17Z", "ms": -655198182981.7654 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-29T01:18:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-28T17:18:17Z", "ms": -655195302981.7654 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 17:56 on Sun 27 Mar to 20:33 on Mon 28 Mar.", "fact": "1949-03-27T09:55:50Z → 1949-03-28T12:32:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:31–01:19 on the 27th, 00:30–01:18 on the 28th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14261 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 27 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1949 falls on Sunday 27 March. Caturdaśī runs from 17:56 on Sun 27 Mar to 20:33 on Mon 28 Mar and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-03-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "festival": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "name": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra)", "everyday": "Chaitra Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-03-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35515, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1949-03-29T23:10:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-29T15:10:37Z", "ms": -655116562786.7357 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-31T01:43:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-30T17:43:35Z", "ms": -655020985330.7084 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-03-29T23:10:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-29T15:10:37Z", "ms": -655116562786.7357 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-31T01:43:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-30T17:43:35Z", "ms": -655020985330.7084 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-03-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-29T12:30:42+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-29T04:30:42Z", "ms": -655154958204.0095 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-29T13:18:42+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-29T05:18:42Z", "ms": -655152078204.0095 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-03-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-03-30T12:30:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-30T04:30:24Z", "ms": -655068576339.3063 }, "end": { "local": "1949-03-30T13:18:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-30T05:18:24Z", "ms": -655065696339.3063 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 23:11 on Tue 29 Mar to 01:44 on Thu 31 Mar.", "fact": "1949-03-29T15:10:37Z → 1949-03-30T17:43:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:31–13:19 on the 29th, 12:30–13:18 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35515 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra), Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 30 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Navarātrārambha (Caitra) (Chaitra Navratri) 1949 falls on Wednesday 30 March. Pratipadā runs from 23:11 on Tue 29 Mar to 01:44 on Thu 31 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/gauri-tritiya", "festival": "gauri-tritiya", "name": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Gangaur", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-04-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22828, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1949-04-01T04:05:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-31T20:05:12Z", "ms": -654926087882.825 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-02T06:09:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-01T22:09:02Z", "ms": -654832258180.8741 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-04-01T04:05:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-31T20:05:12Z", "ms": -654926087882.825 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-02T06:09:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-01T22:09:02Z", "ms": -654832258180.8741 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-01T12:29:48+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-01T04:29:48Z", "ms": -654895812420.4165 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-01T13:17:48+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-01T05:17:48Z", "ms": -654892932420.4165 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-04-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-02T12:29:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-02T04:29:30Z", "ms": -654809430333.1562 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-02T13:17:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-02T05:17:30Z", "ms": -654806550333.1562 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 04:05 on Fri 1 Apr to 06:09 on Sat 2 Apr.", "fact": "1949-03-31T20:05:12Z → 1949-04-01T22:09:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:30–13:18 on the 1st, 12:29–13:17 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22828 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 1 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gauri-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Gaurī Tṛtīyā (Gangaur) 1949 falls on Friday 1 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 04:05 on Fri 1 Apr to 06:09 on Sat 2 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/gauri-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-04-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22828, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1949-04-01T04:05:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-31T20:05:12Z", "ms": -654926087882.825 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-02T06:09:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-01T22:09:02Z", "ms": -654832258180.8741 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-04-01T04:05:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-03-31T20:05:12Z", "ms": -654926087882.825 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-02T06:09:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-01T22:09:02Z", "ms": -654832258180.8741 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-01T12:29:48+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-01T04:29:48Z", "ms": -654895812420.4165 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-01T13:17:48+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-01T05:17:48Z", "ms": -654892932420.4165 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-04-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-02T12:29:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-02T04:29:30Z", "ms": -654809430333.1562 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-02T13:17:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-02T05:17:30Z", "ms": -654806550333.1562 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 04:05 on Fri 1 Apr to 06:09 on Sat 2 Apr.", "fact": "1949-03-31T20:05:12Z → 1949-04-01T22:09:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:30–13:18 on the 1st, 12:29–13:17 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22828 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 1 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata 1949 falls on Friday 1 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 04:05 on Fri 1 Apr to 06:09 on Sat 2 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-04-02", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-04-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16845, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-04-02T06:09:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-01T22:09:02Z", "ms": -654832258180.8741 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-03T07:48:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-02T23:48:27Z", "ms": -654739892984.9543 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-04-02T06:09:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-01T22:09:02Z", "ms": -654832258180.8741 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-03T07:48:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-02T23:48:27Z", "ms": -654739892984.9543 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-02T12:29:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-02T04:29:30Z", "ms": -654809430333.1562 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-02T13:17:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-02T05:17:30Z", "ms": -654806550333.1562 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-04-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-03T12:29:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-03T04:29:12Z", "ms": -654723048138.7875 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-03T13:17:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-03T05:17:12Z", "ms": -654720168138.7875 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:09 on Sat 2 Apr to 07:48 on Sun 3 Apr.", "fact": "1949-04-01T22:09:02Z → 1949-04-02T23:48:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 2nd, 12:29–13:17 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16845 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 2 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1949 falls on Saturday 2 April. Caturthī runs from 06:09 on Sat 2 Apr to 07:48 on Sun 3 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-04-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/lakshmi-panchami", "festival": "lakshmi-panchami", "name": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-04-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12710, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1949-04-03T07:48:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-02T23:48:27Z", "ms": -654739892984.9543 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-04T08:57:04+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-04T00:57:04Z", "ms": -654649376271.0977 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-04-03T07:48:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-02T23:48:27Z", "ms": -654739892984.9543 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-04T08:57:04+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-04T00:57:04Z", "ms": -654649376271.0977 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-03T12:29:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-03T04:29:12Z", "ms": -654723048138.7875 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-03T13:17:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-03T05:17:12Z", "ms": -654720168138.7875 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-04T12:28:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-04T04:28:54Z", "ms": -654636665820.9036 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-04T13:16:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-04T05:16:54Z", "ms": -654633785820.9036 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 07:48 on Sun 3 Apr to 08:57 on Mon 4 Apr.", "fact": "1949-04-02T23:48:27Z → 1949-04-04T00:57:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 3rd, 12:29–13:17 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 12710 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 3 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "lakshmi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri pancami or Laksmi pancami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Lakṣmī Pañcamī 1949 falls on Sunday 3 April. Pañcamī runs from 07:48 on Sun 3 Apr to 08:57 on Mon 4 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/lakshmi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/bhavani-utpatti", "festival": "bhavani-utpatti", "name": "Bhavānī Utpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-04-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11229, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1949-04-06T09:21:11+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-06T01:21:11Z", "ms": -654475129254.9052 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-07T08:30:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-07T00:30:49Z", "ms": -654391750548.9542 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-04-06T09:21:11+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-06T01:21:11Z", "ms": -654475129254.9052 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-07T08:30:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-07T00:30:49Z", "ms": -654391750548.9542 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-06T12:28:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-06T04:28:19Z", "ms": -654463900748.4349 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-06T13:16:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-06T05:16:19Z", "ms": -654461020748.4349 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-07T12:28:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-07T04:28:02Z", "ms": -654377517960.1592 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-07T13:16:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-07T05:16:02Z", "ms": -654374637960.1592 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 09:21 on Wed 6 Apr to 08:31 on Thu 7 Apr.", "fact": "1949-04-06T01:21:11Z → 1949-04-07T00:30:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 6th, 12:28–13:16 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11229 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhavānī Utpatti, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 6 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhavani-utpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Annapurna puja (Beng.) (paraviddha), Bhavani-utpatti (paraviddha), Asokastami (Special when combined with naks. Punarvasu and Wednesday, after mid-day)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Bhavānī Utpatti 1949 falls on Wednesday 6 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 09:21 on Wed 6 Apr to 08:31 on Thu 7 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/bhavani-utpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/rama-navami", "festival": "rama-navami", "name": "Rāma Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-04-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14233, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1949-04-07T08:30:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-07T00:30:49Z", "ms": -654391750548.9542 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-08T06:58:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-07T22:58:50Z", "ms": -654310869620.3094 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-04-07T08:30:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-07T00:30:49Z", "ms": -654391750548.9542 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-08T06:58:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-07T22:58:50Z", "ms": -654310869620.3094 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-07T12:28:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-07T04:28:02Z", "ms": -654377517960.1592 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-07T13:16:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-07T05:16:02Z", "ms": -654374637960.1592 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-08T12:27:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-08T04:27:45Z", "ms": -654291134980.6609 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-08T13:15:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-08T05:15:45Z", "ms": -654288254980.6609 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 08:31 on Thu 7 Apr to 06:59 on Fri 8 Apr.", "fact": "1949-04-07T00:30:49Z → 1949-04-07T22:58:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 7th, 12:28–13:16 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14233 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāma Navamī, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 7 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rama-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Ramanavami (madhyahnavyapini, special with Punarvasu naks.), Rama jayanti." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special when it falls with Punarvasu nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rāma Navamī 1949 falls on Thursday 7 April. Navamī runs from 08:31 on Thu 7 Apr to 06:59 on Fri 8 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/rama-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-04-09", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-04-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5869, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-04-09T04:48:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-08T20:48:15Z", "ms": -654232304623.7871 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-10T02:04:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-09T18:04:15Z", "ms": -654155744864.8931 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-04-09T04:48:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-08T20:48:15Z", "ms": -654232304623.7871 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-10T02:04:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-09T18:04:15Z", "ms": -654155744864.8931 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-09T06:26:04+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-08T22:26:04Z", "ms": -654226435639.8086 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-09T06:26:04+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-08T22:26:04Z", "ms": -654226435639.8086 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-10T06:24:42+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-09T22:24:42Z", "ms": -654140118111.3005 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-10T06:24:42+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-09T22:24:42Z", "ms": -654140118111.3005 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:48 on Sat 9 Apr to 02:04 on Sun 10 Apr.", "fact": "1949-04-08T20:48:15Z → 1949-04-09T18:04:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:26 on the 9th and 06:25 on the 10th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 9th and is not on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5869 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 9 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kāmadā Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Saturday 9 April. Ekādaśī runs from 04:48 on Sat 9 Apr to 02:04 on Sun 10 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-04-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ananga-trayodashi", "festival": "ananga-trayodashi", "name": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-04-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22194, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-04-10T22:53:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-10T14:53:43Z", "ms": -654080776545.31 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-11T19:24:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-11T11:24:50Z", "ms": -654006910321.7648 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-04-10T22:53:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-10T14:53:43Z", "ms": -654080776545.31 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-11T19:24:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-11T11:24:50Z", "ms": -654006910321.7648 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-10T12:27:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-10T04:27:12Z", "ms": -654118368374.0731 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-10T13:15:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-10T05:15:12Z", "ms": -654115488374.0731 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-11T12:26:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-11T04:26:55Z", "ms": -654031984707.7128 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-11T13:14:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-11T05:14:55Z", "ms": -654029104707.7128 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:54 on Sun 10 Apr to 19:25 on Mon 11 Apr.", "fact": "1949-04-10T14:53:43Z → 1949-04-11T11:24:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:27–13:15 on the 10th, 12:27–13:15 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 22194 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 11 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananga-trayodashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 13 Ananga trayodasi (purvaviddha), Mahavira jayanti (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Anaṅga Trayodaśī 1949 falls on Monday 11 April. Trayodaśī runs from 22:54 on Sun 10 Apr to 19:25 on Mon 11 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ananga-trayodashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-04-11", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-04-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 379, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-04-10T22:53:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-10T14:53:43Z", "ms": -654080776545.31 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-11T19:24:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-11T11:24:50Z", "ms": -654006910321.7648 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-04-10T22:53:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-10T14:53:43Z", "ms": -654080776545.31 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-11T19:24:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-11T11:24:50Z", "ms": -654006910321.7648 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-10T19:17:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-10T11:17:41Z", "ms": -654093738636.8457 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-10T20:46:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-10T12:46:27Z", "ms": -654088413499.6686 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-11T19:18:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-11T11:18:31Z", "ms": -654007289307.4086 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-11T20:46:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-11T12:46:58Z", "ms": -654001981612.9503 } }, "covered_min": 6, "window_min": 88, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:54 on Sun 10 Apr to 19:25 on Mon 11 Apr.", "fact": "1949-04-10T14:53:43Z → 1949-04-11T11:24:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:18–20:46 on the 10th, 19:19–20:47 on the 11th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 89 minutes on the 10th and 6 of 88 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 379 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 11 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Monday 11 April. Trayodaśī runs from 22:54 on Sun 10 Apr to 19:25 on Mon 11 Apr and covers 6 of 88 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-04-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "festival": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "name": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-04-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9114, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-04-11T19:24:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-11T11:24:50Z", "ms": -654006910321.7648 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-12T15:46:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-12T07:46:34Z", "ms": -653933606386.2203 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-04-11T19:24:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-11T11:24:50Z", "ms": -654006910321.7648 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-12T15:46:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-12T07:46:34Z", "ms": -653933606386.2203 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-11T12:26:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-11T04:26:55Z", "ms": -654031984707.7128 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-11T13:14:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-11T05:14:55Z", "ms": -654029104707.7128 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-12T12:26:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-12T04:26:39Z", "ms": -653945600771.7131 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-12T13:14:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-12T05:14:39Z", "ms": -653942720771.7131 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:25 on Mon 11 Apr to 15:47 on Tue 12 Apr.", "fact": "1949-04-11T11:24:50Z → 1949-04-12T07:46:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:27–13:15 on the 11th, 12:27–13:15 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9114 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 12 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Madanabhanji, (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Sivadamanaka caturdasi, Visnudamanaka caturdasi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī 1949 falls on Tuesday 12 April. Caturdaśī runs from 19:25 on Mon 11 Apr to 15:47 on Tue 12 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vaishakhi", "festival": "vaishakhi", "name": "Vaiśākhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 42016, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 0, "key": "mesha", "name": "Meṣa", "start": { "local": "1949-04-13T18:00:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-13T10:00:54Z", "ms": -653839146274.6849 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-14T16:02:41+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-14T07:02:41Z", "ms": -651171438545.3662 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1949-04-13T18:00:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-13T10:00:54Z", "ms": -653839146274.6849 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-13T18:00:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-13T10:00:54Z", "ms": -653839146274.6849 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-12T06:21:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-11T22:21:58Z", "ms": -653967481598.9714 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-13T06:20:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-12T22:20:37Z", "ms": -653881162552.9977 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-13T06:20:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-12T22:20:37Z", "ms": -653881162552.9977 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-14T06:19:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-13T22:19:17Z", "ms": -653794842938.8401 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Meṣa at 18:01 on Wed 13 Apr.", "fact": "1949-04-13T10:00:54Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:22 on the 12th, and from 06:21 on the 13th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from sunrise. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunrise → only-day · margin 42016 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaiśākhī, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "vaishakhi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Mesadi — Cadaka puja (Bengal), Bahag Bihu (Assam), Cheiraoba (Manipur), Visu (T. C. State), Vaisakhi (on the samkramana day commencing from sunrise)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The other names in the row (Cadaka puja, Bahag Bihu, Cheiraoba, Visu) are regional observances and wait with the regional rows.", "rashi": "Meṣa", "day_from": "sunrise" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1949-04-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1949-04-13", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vaiśākhī 1949 falls on Wednesday 13 April. The Sun enters Meṣa at 18:01 on Wed 13 Apr, and the rule counts the day from sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vaishakhi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/chaitri-purnima", "festival": "chaitri-purnima", "name": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1079, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1949-04-12T15:46:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-12T07:46:34Z", "ms": -653933606386.2203 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-13T12:08:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-13T04:08:24Z", "ms": -653860295759.0176 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-04-12T15:46:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-12T07:46:34Z", "ms": -653933606386.2203 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-13T12:08:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-13T04:08:24Z", "ms": -653860295759.0176 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-12T12:26:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-12T04:26:39Z", "ms": -653945600771.7131 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-12T13:14:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-12T05:14:39Z", "ms": -653942720771.7131 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-13T12:26:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-13T04:26:23Z", "ms": -653859216544.7958 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-13T13:14:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-13T05:14:23Z", "ms": -653856336544.7958 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 15:47 on Tue 12 Apr to 12:08 on Wed 13 Apr.", "fact": "1949-04-12T07:46:34Z → 1949-04-13T04:08:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:27–13:15 on the 12th, 12:26–13:14 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → second-day · margin 1079 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chaitri-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Caitri purnima (paraviddha), Hanumat jayanti, Oli ending (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Caitrī Pūrṇimā 1949 falls on Wednesday 13 April. Pūrṇimā runs from 15:47 on Tue 12 Apr to 12:08 on Wed 13 Apr, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/chaitri-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-04-16", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-04-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4882, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-04-16T02:50:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-15T18:50:09Z", "ms": -653634590861.7593 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-17T00:45:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-16T16:45:44Z", "ms": -653555655605.8932 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-04-16T02:50:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-15T18:50:09Z", "ms": -653634590861.7593 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-17T00:45:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-16T16:45:44Z", "ms": -653555655605.8932 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-15T22:11:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-15T14:11:31Z", "ms": -653651308764.1193 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-15T22:11:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-15T14:11:31Z", "ms": -653651308764.1193 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-16T23:24:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-16T15:24:23Z", "ms": -653560537327.01 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-16T23:24:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-16T15:24:23Z", "ms": -653560537327.01 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 02:50 on Sat 16 Apr to 00:46 on Sun 17 Apr.", "fact": "1949-04-15T18:50:09Z → 1949-04-16T16:45:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:12 on the 15th and 23:24 on the 16th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 15th and is on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4882 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 16 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1949 falls on Saturday 16 April. Caturthī runs from 02:50 on Sat 16 Apr to 00:46 on Sun 17 Apr and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-04-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-04-24", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-04-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 777, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-04-23T03:50:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-22T19:50:22Z", "ms": -653026178216.1967 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-24T06:19:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-23T22:19:28Z", "ms": -652930831505.8009 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-04-23T03:50:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-22T19:50:22Z", "ms": -653026178216.1967 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-24T06:19:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-23T22:19:28Z", "ms": -652930831505.8009 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-23T06:07:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-22T22:07:44Z", "ms": -653017935739.2986 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-23T06:07:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-22T22:07:44Z", "ms": -653017935739.2986 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-04-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-24T06:06:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-23T22:06:31Z", "ms": -652931608760.9651 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-24T06:06:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-23T22:06:31Z", "ms": -652931608760.9651 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 03:50 on Sat 23 Apr to 06:19 on Sun 24 Apr.", "fact": "1949-04-22T19:50:22Z → 1949-04-23T22:19:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:08 on the 23rd and 06:07 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 23rd and is on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both sunrises qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 777 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 24 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Varūthinī Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Sunday 24 April. Ekādaśī runs from 03:50 on Sat 23 Apr to 06:19 on Sun 24 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-04-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-04-25", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-04-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28742, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-04-25T08:56:51+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-25T00:56:51Z", "ms": -652834989168.4003 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-26T11:31:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-26T03:31:56Z", "ms": -652739284033.8383 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-04-25T08:56:51+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-25T00:56:51Z", "ms": -652834989168.4003 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-26T11:31:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-26T03:31:56Z", "ms": -652739284033.8383 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-25T19:30:08+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-25T11:30:08Z", "ms": -652796992060.4526 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-25T20:54:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-25T12:54:40Z", "ms": -652791920064.2587 } }, "covered_min": 85, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-04-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-26T19:30:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-26T11:30:58Z", "ms": -652710541762.4585 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-26T20:55:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-26T12:55:14Z", "ms": -652705485839.6272 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:57 on Mon 25 Apr to 11:32 on Tue 26 Apr.", "fact": "1949-04-25T00:56:51Z → 1949-04-26T03:31:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:30–20:55 on the 25th, 19:31–20:55 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 85 of 85 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 84 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28742 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 25 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Monday 25 April. Trayodaśī runs from 08:57 on Mon 25 Apr to 11:32 on Tue 26 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-04-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-04-26", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-04-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37248, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-04-26T11:31:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-26T03:31:56Z", "ms": -652739284033.8383 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-27T13:55:57+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-27T05:55:57Z", "ms": -652644243045.8607 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-04-26T11:31:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-26T03:31:56Z", "ms": -652739284033.8383 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-27T13:55:57+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-27T05:55:57Z", "ms": -652644243045.8607 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-26T00:23:08+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-25T16:23:08Z", "ms": -652779412074.7253 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-26T01:11:08+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-25T17:11:08Z", "ms": -652776532074.7253 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-04-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-27T00:22:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-26T16:22:58Z", "ms": -652693022051.8412 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-27T01:10:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-26T17:10:58Z", "ms": -652690142051.8412 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 11:32 on Tue 26 Apr to 13:56 on Wed 27 Apr.", "fact": "1949-04-26T03:31:56Z → 1949-04-27T05:55:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:23–01:11 on the 25th, 00:23–01:11 on the 26th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37248 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 26 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-04-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1949 falls on Tuesday 26 April. Caturdaśī runs from 11:32 on Tue 26 Apr to 13:56 on Wed 27 Apr and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-04-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/akshaya-tritiya", "festival": "akshaya-tritiya", "name": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30781, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1949-04-30T19:04:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-30T11:04:10Z", "ms": -652366550207.8984 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-01T20:54:35+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-01T11:54:35Z", "ms": -652277124691.4053 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-04-30T19:04:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-30T11:04:10Z", "ms": -652366550207.8984 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-01T20:54:35+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-01T11:54:35Z", "ms": -652277124691.4053 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-30T05:59:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-29T21:59:33Z", "ms": -652413627134.6869 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-30T10:31:08+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-30T02:31:08Z", "ms": -652397331549.5762 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 272, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-01T06:58:27+09:00", "utc": "1949-04-30T21:58:27Z", "ms": -652327293325.8284 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-01T11:30:41+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-01T02:30:41Z", "ms": -652310958902.786 } }, "covered_min": 272, "window_min": 272, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 19:04 on Sat 30 Apr to 20:55 on Sun 1 May.", "fact": "1949-04-30T11:04:10Z → 1949-05-01T11:54:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:00–10:31 on the 30th, 06:58–11:31 on the 1st.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 272 minutes on the 30th and 272 of 272 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30781 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 1 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Rohiṇī nakṣatra and a Wednesday; neither is tested.", "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Akṣaya Tṛtīyā 1949 falls on Sunday 1 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 19:04 on Sat 30 Apr to 20:55 on Sun 1 May and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/akshaya-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/parashurama-jayanti", "festival": "parashurama-jayanti", "name": "Paraśurāma Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1165, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1949-04-30T19:04:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-30T11:04:10Z", "ms": -652366550207.8984 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-01T20:54:35+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-01T11:54:35Z", "ms": -652277124691.4053 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-04-30T19:04:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-30T11:04:10Z", "ms": -652366550207.8984 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-01T20:54:35+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-01T11:54:35Z", "ms": -652277124691.4053 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-04-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-04-30T19:34:20+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-30T11:34:20Z", "ms": -652364740379.3547 }, "end": { "local": "1949-04-30T20:57:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-04-30T12:57:33Z", "ms": -652359747438.8845 } }, "covered_min": 83, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-01T20:35:10+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-01T11:35:10Z", "ms": -652278290056.7013 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-01T21:58:07+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-01T12:58:07Z", "ms": -652273312507.561 } }, "covered_min": 19, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 19:04 on Sat 30 Apr to 20:55 on Sun 1 May.", "fact": "1949-04-30T11:04:10Z → 1949-05-01T11:54:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:34–20:58 on the 30th, 20:35–21:58 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 83 of 83 minutes on the 30th and 19 of 83 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 1165 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Jayantī, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 1 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Paraśurāma Jayantī 1949 falls on Sunday 1 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 19:04 on Sat 30 Apr to 20:55 on Sun 1 May and covers 19 of 83 minutes of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 83 minutes; by the rule the second evening is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/parashurama-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-05-02", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24227, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-05-01T20:54:35+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-01T11:54:35Z", "ms": -652277124691.4053 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-02T21:15:54+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-02T12:15:54Z", "ms": -652189446368.2407 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-05-01T20:54:35+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-01T11:54:35Z", "ms": -652277124691.4053 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-02T21:15:54+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-02T12:15:54Z", "ms": -652189446368.2407 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-01T13:22:48+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-01T04:22:48Z", "ms": -652304231691.2649 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-01T14:10:48+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-01T05:10:48Z", "ms": -652301351691.2649 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-05-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-02T13:22:41+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-02T04:22:41Z", "ms": -652217839106.99 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-02T14:10:41+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-02T05:10:41Z", "ms": -652214959106.99 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:55 on Sun 1 May to 21:16 on Mon 2 May.", "fact": "1949-05-01T11:54:35Z → 1949-05-02T12:15:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:23–14:11 on the 1st, 13:23–14:11 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24227 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 2 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1949 falls on Monday 2 May. Caturthī runs from 20:55 on Sun 1 May to 21:16 on Mon 2 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-05-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/shankara-jayanti", "festival": "shankara-jayanti", "name": "Śaṅkara Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24997, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1949-05-02T21:15:54+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-02T12:15:54Z", "ms": -652189446368.2407 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-03T21:07:11+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-03T12:07:11Z", "ms": -652103568918.3662 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-05-02T21:15:54+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-02T12:15:54Z", "ms": -652189446368.2407 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-03T21:07:11+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-03T12:07:11Z", "ms": -652103568918.3662 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-05-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-02T13:22:41+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-02T04:22:41Z", "ms": -652217839106.99 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-02T14:10:41+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-02T05:10:41Z", "ms": -652214959106.99 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-05-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-03T13:22:34+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-03T04:22:34Z", "ms": -652131446000.6423 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-03T14:10:34+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-03T05:10:34Z", "ms": -652128566000.6423 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 21:16 on Mon 2 May to 21:07 on Tue 3 May.", "fact": "1949-05-02T12:15:54Z → 1949-05-03T12:07:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:23–14:11 on the 2nd, 13:23–14:11 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24997 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śaṅkara Jayantī, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 3 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shankara-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sankara jayanti." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śaṅkara Jayantī 1949 falls on Tuesday 3 May. Pañcamī runs from 21:16 on Mon 2 May to 21:07 on Tue 3 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/shankara-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/gangotpatti", "festival": "gangotpatti", "name": "Gaṅgotpatti", "everyday": "Ganga Saptami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18499, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1949-05-04T20:28:03+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-04T11:28:03Z", "ms": -652019517139.138 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-05T19:18:41+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-05T10:18:41Z", "ms": -651937278969.5366 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-05-04T20:28:03+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-04T11:28:03Z", "ms": -652019517139.138 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-05T19:18:41+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-05T10:18:41Z", "ms": -651937278969.5366 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-05-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-04T13:22:28+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-04T04:22:28Z", "ms": -652045052368.9867 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-04T14:10:28+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-04T05:10:28Z", "ms": -652042172368.9867 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-05T13:22:22+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-05T04:22:22Z", "ms": -651958658208.9177 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-05T14:10:22+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-05T05:10:22Z", "ms": -651955778208.9177 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 20:28 on Wed 4 May to 19:19 on Thu 5 May.", "fact": "1949-05-04T11:28:03Z → 1949-05-05T10:18:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:22–14:10 on the 4th, 13:22–14:10 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 18499 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṅgotpatti, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 5 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gangotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 1949 falls on Thursday 5 May. Saptamī runs from 20:28 on Wed 4 May to 19:19 on Thu 5 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/gangotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-05-09", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mohinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12314, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-05-08T13:04:43+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-08T04:04:43Z", "ms": -651700516612.7078 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-09T10:15:32+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T01:15:32Z", "ms": -651624267562.211 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-05-08T13:04:43+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-08T04:04:43Z", "ms": -651700516612.7078 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-09T10:15:32+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T01:15:32Z", "ms": -651624267562.211 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-08T06:51:15+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-07T21:51:15Z", "ms": -651722925042.1492 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-08T06:51:15+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-07T21:51:15Z", "ms": -651722925042.1492 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-09T06:50:18+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-08T21:50:18Z", "ms": -651636581891.0948 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-09T06:50:18+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-08T21:50:18Z", "ms": -651636581891.0948 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:05 on Sun 8 May to 10:16 on Mon 9 May.", "fact": "1949-05-08T04:04:43Z → 1949-05-09T01:15:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:51 on the 8th and 06:50 on the 9th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 8th and is on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12314 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mohinī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 9 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mohinī Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Monday 9 May. Ekādaśī runs from 13:05 on Sun 8 May to 10:16 on Mon 9 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-05-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/parashurama-dvadashi", "festival": "parashurama-dvadashi", "name": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11191, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-05-09T10:15:32+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T01:15:32Z", "ms": -651624267562.211 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-10T07:12:27+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T22:12:27Z", "ms": -651548853030.8597 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-05-09T10:15:32+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T01:15:32Z", "ms": -651624267562.211 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-10T07:12:27+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T22:12:27Z", "ms": -651548853030.8597 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-09T13:22:04+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T04:22:04Z", "ms": -651613076215.1619 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-09T14:10:04+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T05:10:04Z", "ms": -651610196215.1619 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-10T13:22:01+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-10T04:22:01Z", "ms": -651526679356.8699 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-10T14:10:01+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-10T05:10:01Z", "ms": -651523799356.8699 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 10:16 on Mon 9 May to 07:12 on Tue 10 May.", "fact": "1949-05-09T01:15:32Z → 1949-05-09T22:12:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:22–14:10 on the 9th, 13:22–14:10 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 11191 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 9 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Paraśurāma Dvādaśī 1949 falls on Monday 9 May. Dvādaśī runs from 10:16 on Mon 9 May to 07:12 on Tue 10 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/parashurama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/rukmini-dvadashi", "festival": "rukmini-dvadashi", "name": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11191, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-05-09T10:15:32+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T01:15:32Z", "ms": -651624267562.211 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-10T07:12:27+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T22:12:27Z", "ms": -651548853030.8597 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-05-09T10:15:32+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T01:15:32Z", "ms": -651624267562.211 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-10T07:12:27+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T22:12:27Z", "ms": -651548853030.8597 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-09T13:22:04+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T04:22:04Z", "ms": -651613076215.1619 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-09T14:10:04+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T05:10:04Z", "ms": -651610196215.1619 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-10T13:22:01+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-10T04:22:01Z", "ms": -651526679356.8699 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-10T14:10:01+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-10T05:10:01Z", "ms": -651523799356.8699 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 10:16 on Mon 9 May to 07:12 on Tue 10 May.", "fact": "1949-05-09T01:15:32Z → 1949-05-09T22:12:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:22–14:10 on the 9th, 13:22–14:10 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 11191 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 9 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rukmini-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī 1949 falls on Monday 9 May. Dvādaśī runs from 10:16 on Mon 9 May to 07:12 on Tue 10 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/rukmini-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-05-10", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21522, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-05-10T07:12:27+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T22:12:27Z", "ms": -651548853030.8597 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-11T04:02:07+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-10T19:02:07Z", "ms": -651473872633.7654 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-05-10T07:12:27+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T22:12:27Z", "ms": -651548853030.8597 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-11T04:02:07+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-10T19:02:07Z", "ms": -651473872633.7654 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-09T20:41:49+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T11:41:49Z", "ms": -651586690539.229 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-09T22:02:50+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-09T13:02:50Z", "ms": -651581830128.092 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-10T20:42:39+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-10T11:42:39Z", "ms": -651500241258.0378 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-10T22:03:25+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-10T13:03:25Z", "ms": -651495394651.4281 } }, "covered_min": 81, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 07:12 on Tue 10 May to 04:02 on Wed 11 May.", "fact": "1949-05-09T22:12:27Z → 1949-05-10T19:02:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:42–22:03 on the 9th, 20:43–22:03 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 81 minutes on the 9th and 81 of 81 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21522 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 10 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Tuesday 10 May. Trayodaśī runs from 07:12 on Tue 10 May to 04:02 on Wed 11 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-05-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "festival": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "name": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Narasimha Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10087, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-05-11T04:02:07+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-10T19:02:07Z", "ms": -651473872633.7654 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-12T00:52:08+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-11T15:52:08Z", "ms": -651398871788.2068 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-05-11T04:02:07+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-10T19:02:07Z", "ms": -651473872633.7654 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-12T00:52:08+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-11T15:52:08Z", "ms": -651398871788.2068 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-10T20:42:39+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-10T11:42:39Z", "ms": -651500241258.0378 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-10T22:03:25+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-10T13:03:25Z", "ms": -651495394651.4281 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-11T20:43:28+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-11T11:43:28Z", "ms": -651413792180.3171 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-11T22:04:01+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-11T13:04:01Z", "ms": -651408959172.7369 } }, "covered_min": 81, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 04:02 on Wed 11 May to 00:52 on Thu 12 May.", "fact": "1949-05-10T19:02:07Z → 1949-05-11T15:52:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:43–22:03 on the 10th, 20:43–22:04 on the 11th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 81 minutes on the 10th and 81 of 81 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 10087 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 11 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Nrsimha caturdasi (pradosa vyapini — if it occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed, special when combined with naksatra 'Svati', yoga 'Siddhi' and 'Saturday')." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Svātī nakṣatra, Siddhi yoga and a Saturday; none is tested.", "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī (Narasimha Jayanti) 1949 falls on Wednesday 11 May. Caturdaśī runs from 04:02 on Wed 11 May to 00:52 on Thu 12 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/buddha-purnima", "festival": "buddha-purnima", "name": "Buddha Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27649, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1949-05-12T00:52:08+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-11T15:52:08Z", "ms": -651398871788.2068 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-12T21:50:45+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-12T12:50:45Z", "ms": -651323354604.7275 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-05-12T00:52:08+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-11T15:52:08Z", "ms": -651398871788.2068 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-12T21:50:45+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-12T12:50:45Z", "ms": -651323354604.7275 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-11T13:21:58+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-11T04:21:58Z", "ms": -651440281944.3909 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-11T14:09:58+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-11T05:09:58Z", "ms": -651437401944.3909 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-05-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-12T13:21:56+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-12T04:21:56Z", "ms": -651353883972.4594 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-12T14:09:56+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-12T05:09:56Z", "ms": -651351003972.4594 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 00:52 on Thu 12 May to 21:51 on Thu 12 May.", "fact": "1949-05-11T15:52:08Z → 1949-05-12T12:50:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:22–14:10 on the 11th, 13:22–14:10 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27649 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Buddha Pūrṇimā, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 12 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "buddha-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Buddha Pūrṇimā 1949 falls on Thursday 12 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 00:52 on Thu 12 May to 21:51 on Thu 12 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/buddha-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/sampat-gauri-vrata", "festival": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "name": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27649, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1949-05-12T00:52:08+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-11T15:52:08Z", "ms": -651398871788.2068 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-12T21:50:45+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-12T12:50:45Z", "ms": -651323354604.7275 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-05-12T00:52:08+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-11T15:52:08Z", "ms": -651398871788.2068 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-12T21:50:45+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-12T12:50:45Z", "ms": -651323354604.7275 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-11T13:21:58+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-11T04:21:58Z", "ms": -651440281944.3909 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-11T14:09:58+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-11T05:09:58Z", "ms": -651437401944.3909 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-05-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-12T13:21:56+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-12T04:21:56Z", "ms": -651353883972.4594 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-12T14:09:56+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-12T05:09:56Z", "ms": -651351003972.4594 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 00:52 on Thu 12 May to 21:51 on Thu 12 May.", "fact": "1949-05-11T15:52:08Z → 1949-05-12T12:50:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:22–14:10 on the 11th, 13:22–14:10 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27649 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 12 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Sampat Gaurī Vrata 1949 falls on Thursday 12 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 00:52 on Thu 12 May to 21:51 on Thu 12 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/sampat-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-05-15", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33019, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-05-15T15:04:31+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-15T06:04:31Z", "ms": -651088529177.6108 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-16T14:01:34+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-16T05:01:34Z", "ms": -651005905970.666 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-05-15T15:04:31+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-15T06:04:31Z", "ms": -651088529177.6108 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-16T14:01:34+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-16T05:01:34Z", "ms": -651005905970.666 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-16T00:14:50+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-15T15:14:50Z", "ms": -651055510085.7733 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-16T00:14:50+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-15T15:14:50Z", "ms": -651055510085.7733 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-17T01:08:42+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-16T16:08:42Z", "ms": -650965877653.6162 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-17T01:08:42+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-16T16:08:42Z", "ms": -650965877653.6162 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:05 on Sun 15 May to 14:02 on Mon 16 May.", "fact": "1949-05-15T06:04:31Z → 1949-05-16T05:01:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 00:15 on the 15th and 01:09 on the 16th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 15th and is not on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33019 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 15 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1949 falls on Sunday 15 May. Caturthī runs from 15:05 on Sun 15 May to 14:02 on Mon 16 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-05-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-05-23", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Aparā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21035, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-05-22T22:15:52+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-22T13:15:52Z", "ms": -650457848468.8871 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-24T00:48:19+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-23T15:48:19Z", "ms": -650362301488.604 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-05-22T22:15:52+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-22T13:15:52Z", "ms": -650457848468.8871 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-24T00:48:19+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-23T15:48:19Z", "ms": -650362301488.604 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-23T06:39:29+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-22T21:39:29Z", "ms": -650427631254.1411 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-23T06:39:29+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-22T21:39:29Z", "ms": -650427631254.1411 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-05-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-24T06:38:54+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-23T21:38:54Z", "ms": -650341266252.1426 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-24T06:38:54+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-23T21:38:54Z", "ms": -650341266252.1426 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 22:16 on Sun 22 May to 00:48 on Tue 24 May.", "fact": "1949-05-22T13:15:52Z → 1949-05-23T15:48:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:39 on the 23rd and 06:39 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 23rd and is not on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21035 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aparā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 23 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Aparā Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Monday 23 May. Ekādaśī runs from 22:16 on Sun 22 May to 00:48 on Tue 24 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-05-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-05-25", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17739, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-05-25T03:07:14+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-24T18:07:14Z", "ms": -650267565938.6616 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-26T05:02:56+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-25T20:02:56Z", "ms": -650174224216.1001 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-05-25T03:07:14+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-24T18:07:14Z", "ms": -650267565938.6616 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-26T05:02:56+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-25T20:02:56Z", "ms": -650174224216.1001 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-05-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-24T20:53:38+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-24T11:53:38Z", "ms": -650289982256.3558 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-24T22:11:35+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-24T13:11:35Z", "ms": -650285304573.5188 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-25T20:54:22+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-25T11:54:22Z", "ms": -650203538493.1519 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-25T22:12:09+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-25T13:12:09Z", "ms": -650198870879.5028 } }, "covered_min": 78, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 03:07 on Wed 25 May to 05:03 on Thu 26 May.", "fact": "1949-05-24T18:07:14Z → 1949-05-25T20:02:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:54–22:12 on the 24th, 20:54–22:12 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 78 minutes on the 24th and 78 of 78 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17739 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 25 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Wednesday 25 May. Trayodaśī runs from 03:07 on Wed 25 May to 05:03 on Thu 26 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-05-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-05-26", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10371, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-05-26T05:02:56+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-25T20:02:56Z", "ms": -650174224216.1001 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-27T06:29:20+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-26T21:29:20Z", "ms": -650082640424.3828 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-05-26T05:02:56+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-25T20:02:56Z", "ms": -650174224216.1001 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-27T06:29:20+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-26T21:29:20Z", "ms": -650082640424.3828 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-26T01:22:05+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-25T16:22:05Z", "ms": -650187474941.9678 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-26T02:10:05+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-25T17:10:05Z", "ms": -650184594941.9678 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-05-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-27T01:22:12+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-26T16:22:12Z", "ms": -650101068430.3953 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-27T02:10:12+09:00", "utc": "1949-05-26T17:10:12Z", "ms": -650098188430.3953 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:03 on Thu 26 May to 06:29 on Fri 27 May.", "fact": "1949-05-25T20:02:56Z → 1949-05-26T21:29:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:22–02:10 on the 25th, 01:22–02:10 on the 26th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10371 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 26 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1949 falls on Thursday 26 May. Caturdaśī runs from 05:03 on Thu 26 May to 06:29 on Fri 27 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-05-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/rambha-tritiya", "festival": "rambha-tritiya", "name": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20591, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1949-05-30T06:39:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-05-29T22:39:43Z", "ms": -649819217159.9432 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-31T06:06:11+08:00", "utc": "1949-05-30T22:06:11Z", "ms": -649734828698.9912 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-05-30T06:39:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-05-29T22:39:43Z", "ms": -649819217159.9432 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-31T06:06:11+08:00", "utc": "1949-05-30T22:06:11Z", "ms": -649734828698.9912 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-05-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-30T12:22:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-05-30T04:22:54Z", "ms": -649798625878.2999 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-30T13:10:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-05-30T05:10:54Z", "ms": -649795745878.2999 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-05-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-31T12:23:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-05-31T04:23:02Z", "ms": -649712217910.2776 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-31T13:11:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-05-31T05:11:02Z", "ms": -649709337910.2776 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 06:40 on Mon 30 May to 06:06 on Tue 31 May.", "fact": "1949-05-29T22:39:43Z → 1949-05-30T22:06:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 30th, 12:23–13:11 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 20591 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 30 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rambha-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Rambha trtiya (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rambhā Tṛtīyā 1949 falls on Monday 30 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 06:40 on Mon 30 May to 06:06 on Tue 31 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/rambha-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-05-31", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-05-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22611, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-05-31T06:06:11+08:00", "utc": "1949-05-30T22:06:11Z", "ms": -649734828698.9912 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-01T05:09:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-05-31T21:09:21Z", "ms": -649651839469.5994 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-05-31T06:06:11+08:00", "utc": "1949-05-30T22:06:11Z", "ms": -649734828698.9912 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-01T05:09:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-05-31T21:09:21Z", "ms": -649651839469.5994 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-05-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-05-31T12:23:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-05-31T04:23:02Z", "ms": -649712217910.2776 }, "end": { "local": "1949-05-31T13:11:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-05-31T05:11:02Z", "ms": -649709337910.2776 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-06-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-01T12:23:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-01T04:23:10Z", "ms": -649625809541.6196 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-01T13:11:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-01T05:11:10Z", "ms": -649622929541.6196 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:06 on Tue 31 May to 05:09 on Wed 1 Jun.", "fact": "1949-05-30T22:06:11Z → 1949-05-31T21:09:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 31st, 12:23–13:11 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22611 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 31 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-05-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1949 falls on Tuesday 31 May. Caturthī runs from 06:06 on Tue 31 May to 05:09 on Wed 1 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-05-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/aranya-gauri-vrata", "festival": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "name": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-06-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30663, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1949-06-02T03:52:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-01T19:52:16Z", "ms": -649570063679.575 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-03T02:17:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-02T18:17:37Z", "ms": -649489343368.2256 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-06-02T03:52:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-01T19:52:16Z", "ms": -649570063679.575 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-03T02:17:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-02T18:17:37Z", "ms": -649489343368.2256 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-06-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-02T12:23:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-02T04:23:19Z", "ms": -649539400791.6174 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-02T13:11:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-02T05:11:19Z", "ms": -649536520791.6174 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-06-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-03T12:23:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-03T04:23:28Z", "ms": -649452991679.4354 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-03T13:11:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-03T05:11:28Z", "ms": -649450111679.4354 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 03:52 on Thu 2 Jun to 02:18 on Fri 3 Jun.", "fact": "1949-06-01T19:52:16Z → 1949-06-02T18:17:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 2nd, 12:23–13:11 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30663 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 2 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Araṇya Gaurī Vrata 1949 falls on Thursday 2 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 03:52 on Thu 2 Jun to 02:18 on Fri 3 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/aranya-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "festival": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-06-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30663, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1949-06-02T03:52:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-01T19:52:16Z", "ms": -649570063679.575 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-03T02:17:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-02T18:17:37Z", "ms": -649489343368.2256 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-06-02T03:52:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-01T19:52:16Z", "ms": -649570063679.575 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-03T02:17:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-02T18:17:37Z", "ms": -649489343368.2256 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-06-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-02T12:23:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-02T04:23:19Z", "ms": -649539400791.6174 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-02T13:11:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-02T05:11:19Z", "ms": -649536520791.6174 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-06-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-03T12:23:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-03T04:23:28Z", "ms": -649452991679.4354 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-03T13:11:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-03T05:11:28Z", "ms": -649450111679.4354 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 03:52 on Thu 2 Jun to 02:18 on Fri 3 Jun.", "fact": "1949-06-01T19:52:16Z → 1949-06-02T18:17:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 2nd, 12:23–13:11 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 30663 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha), Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 2 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha) 1949 falls on Thursday 2 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 03:52 on Thu 2 Jun to 02:18 on Fri 3 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-06-07", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-06-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34757, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-06-06T17:43:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-06T09:43:50Z", "ms": -649174569517.7059 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-07T15:12:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-07T07:12:54Z", "ms": -649097225607.9626 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-06-06T17:43:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-06T09:43:50Z", "ms": -649174569517.7059 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-07T15:12:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-07T07:12:54Z", "ms": -649097225607.9626 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-06T05:33:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-05T21:33:49Z", "ms": -649218371313.197 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-06T05:33:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-05T21:33:49Z", "ms": -649218371313.197 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-07T05:33:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-06T21:33:37Z", "ms": -649131983099.273 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-07T05:33:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-06T21:33:37Z", "ms": -649131983099.273 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 17:44 on Mon 6 Jun to 15:13 on Tue 7 Jun.", "fact": "1949-06-06T09:43:50Z → 1949-06-07T07:12:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:34 on the 6th and 05:34 on the 7th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 6th and is on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34757 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 7 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Nirjalā Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Tuesday 7 June. Ekādaśī runs from 17:44 on Mon 6 Jun to 15:13 on Tue 7 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-06-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/shri-rama-dvadashi", "festival": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "name": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-06-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 931, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-06-07T15:12:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-07T07:12:54Z", "ms": -649097225607.9626 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-08T12:39:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-08T04:39:49Z", "ms": -649020010571.7937 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-06-07T15:12:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-07T07:12:54Z", "ms": -649097225607.9626 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-08T12:39:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-08T04:39:49Z", "ms": -649020010571.7937 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-07T12:24:08+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-07T04:24:08Z", "ms": -649107351974.2316 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-07T13:12:08+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-07T05:12:08Z", "ms": -649104471974.2316 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-06-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-08T12:24:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-08T04:24:19Z", "ms": -649020941319.1746 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-08T13:12:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-08T05:12:19Z", "ms": -649018061319.1746 } }, "covered_min": 16, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 15:13 on Tue 7 Jun to 12:40 on Wed 8 Jun.", "fact": "1949-06-07T07:12:54Z → 1949-06-08T04:39:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:24–13:12 on the 7th, 12:24–13:12 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 16 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 931 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 8 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Sri Rama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Campaka dvadasi (Orissa) (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī 1949 falls on Wednesday 8 June. Dvādaśī runs from 15:13 on Tue 7 Jun to 12:40 on Wed 8 Jun and covers 16 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/shri-rama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-06-08", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-06-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26601, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-06-08T12:39:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-08T04:39:49Z", "ms": -649020010571.7937 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-09T10:09:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-09T02:09:50Z", "ms": -648942610050.6771 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-06-08T12:39:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-08T04:39:49Z", "ms": -649020010571.7937 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-09T10:09:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-09T02:09:50Z", "ms": -648942610050.6771 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-06-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-08T20:03:11+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-08T12:03:11Z", "ms": -648993409425.4481 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-08T21:19:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-08T13:19:12Z", "ms": -648988848389.5452 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-06-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-09T20:03:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-09T12:03:41Z", "ms": -648906979153.3837 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-09T21:19:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-09T13:19:37Z", "ms": -648902423057.189 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 12:40 on Wed 8 Jun to 10:10 on Thu 9 Jun.", "fact": "1949-06-08T04:39:49Z → 1949-06-09T02:09:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:03–21:19 on the 8th, 20:04–21:20 on the 9th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 76 of 76 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 76 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26601 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 8 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Wednesday 8 June. Trayodaśī runs from 12:40 on Wed 8 Jun to 10:10 on Thu 9 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-06-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vata-savitri-vrata", "festival": "vata-savitri-vrata", "name": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-06-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30312, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1949-06-10T07:49:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-09T23:49:15Z", "ms": -648864645234.97 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-11T05:45:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-10T21:45:14Z", "ms": -648785686452.3636 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-06-10T07:49:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-09T23:49:15Z", "ms": -648864645234.97 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-11T05:45:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-10T21:45:14Z", "ms": -648785686452.3636 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-06-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-09T20:03:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-09T12:03:41Z", "ms": -648906979153.3837 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-09T21:19:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-09T13:19:37Z", "ms": -648902423057.189 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-06-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-10T20:04:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-10T12:04:10Z", "ms": -648820550061.6285 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-10T21:20:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-10T13:20:01Z", "ms": -648815998525.9076 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 07:49 on Fri 10 Jun to 05:45 on Sat 11 Jun.", "fact": "1949-06-09T23:49:15Z → 1949-06-10T21:45:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:04–21:20 on the 9th, 20:04–21:20 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 76 minutes on the 9th and 76 of 76 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 30312 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 10 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vata-savitri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Vata-savitri vrata (Deccan) (pradosavyapini, purvaviddha), Snanayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata 1949 falls on Friday 10 June. Pūrṇimā runs from 07:49 on Fri 10 Jun to 05:45 on Sat 11 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vata-savitri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-06-14", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-06-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11644, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-06-14T02:26:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-13T18:26:50Z", "ms": -648538389917.2114 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-15T02:38:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-14T18:38:53Z", "ms": -648451267449.2643 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-06-14T02:26:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-13T18:26:50Z", "ms": -648538389917.2114 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-15T02:38:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-14T18:38:53Z", "ms": -648451267449.2643 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-06-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-13T22:45:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-13T14:45:01Z", "ms": -648551699231.2312 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-13T22:45:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-13T14:45:01Z", "ms": -648551699231.2312 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-06-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-14T23:24:48+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-14T15:24:48Z", "ms": -648462911647.4591 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-14T23:24:48+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-14T15:24:48Z", "ms": -648462911647.4591 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 02:27 on Tue 14 Jun to 02:39 on Wed 15 Jun.", "fact": "1949-06-13T18:26:50Z → 1949-06-14T18:38:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:45 on the 13th and 23:25 on the 14th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 13th and is on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11644 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 14 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1949 falls on Tuesday 14 June. Caturthī runs from 02:27 on Tue 14 Jun to 02:39 on Wed 15 Jun and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-06-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-06-22", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Yoginī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-06-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32493, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-06-21T14:35:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-21T06:35:18Z", "ms": -647889882258.2445 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-22T16:30:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-22T08:30:23Z", "ms": -647796577002.4688 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-06-21T14:35:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-21T06:35:18Z", "ms": -647889882258.2445 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-22T16:30:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-22T08:30:23Z", "ms": -647796577002.4688 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-06-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-21T05:33:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-20T21:33:45Z", "ms": -647922374869.5516 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-21T05:33:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-20T21:33:45Z", "ms": -647922374869.5516 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-06-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-22T05:33:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-21T21:33:58Z", "ms": -647835962327.2977 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-22T05:33:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-21T21:33:58Z", "ms": -647835962327.2977 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:35 on Tue 21 Jun to 16:30 on Wed 22 Jun.", "fact": "1949-06-21T06:35:18Z → 1949-06-22T08:30:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:34 on the 21st and 05:34 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 32493 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yoginī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 22 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Yoginī Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Wednesday 22 June. Ekādaśī runs from 14:35 on Tue 21 Jun to 16:30 on Wed 22 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-06-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-06-23", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-06-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5725, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-06-23T17:51:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-23T09:51:16Z", "ms": -647705323814.7423 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-24T18:33:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-24T10:33:12Z", "ms": -647616408102.8157 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-06-23T17:51:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-23T09:51:16Z", "ms": -647705323814.7423 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-24T18:33:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-24T10:33:12Z", "ms": -647616408102.8157 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-06-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-23T20:08:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-23T12:08:28Z", "ms": -647697092327.835 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-23T21:23:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-23T13:23:56Z", "ms": -647692564388.565 } }, "covered_min": 75, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-06-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-24T20:08:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-24T12:08:37Z", "ms": -647610682744.6436 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-24T21:24:06+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-24T13:24:06Z", "ms": -647606153823.7369 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:51 on Thu 23 Jun to 18:33 on Fri 24 Jun.", "fact": "1949-06-23T09:51:16Z → 1949-06-24T10:33:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:08–21:24 on the 23rd, 20:09–21:24 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 75 of 75 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 75 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5725 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 23 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Thursday 23 June. Trayodaśī runs from 17:51 on Thu 23 Jun to 18:33 on Fri 24 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-06-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-06-24", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-06-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21128, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-06-24T18:33:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-24T10:33:12Z", "ms": -647616408102.8157 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-25T18:35:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-25T10:35:46Z", "ms": -647529854227.6743 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-06-24T18:33:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-24T10:33:12Z", "ms": -647616408102.8157 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-25T18:35:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-25T10:35:46Z", "ms": -647529854227.6743 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-06-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-25T00:27:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-24T16:27:41Z", "ms": -647595139291.2439 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-25T01:15:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-24T17:15:41Z", "ms": -647592259291.2439 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-06-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-26T00:27:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-25T16:27:54Z", "ms": -647508726118.6965 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-26T01:15:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-25T17:15:54Z", "ms": -647505846118.6965 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 18:33 on Fri 24 Jun to 18:36 on Sat 25 Jun.", "fact": "1949-06-24T10:33:12Z → 1949-06-25T10:35:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:28–01:16 on the 24th, 00:28–01:16 on the 25th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21128 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 24 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1949 falls on Friday 24 June. Caturdaśī runs from 18:33 on Fri 24 Jun to 18:36 on Sat 25 Jun and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-06-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/rathayatra", "festival": "rathayatra", "name": "Rathayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-06-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7857, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1949-06-27T16:57:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-27T08:57:01Z", "ms": -647362978766.6008 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-28T15:27:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-28T07:27:18Z", "ms": -647281961545.1804 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-06-27T16:57:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-27T08:57:01Z", "ms": -647362978766.6008 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-28T15:27:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-28T07:27:18Z", "ms": -647281961545.1804 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-06-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-27T12:28:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-27T04:28:09Z", "ms": -647379110695.5486 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-27T13:16:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-27T05:16:09Z", "ms": -647376230695.5486 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-06-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-28T12:28:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-28T04:28:21Z", "ms": -647292698619.3259 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-28T13:16:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-28T05:16:21Z", "ms": -647289818619.3259 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 16:57 on Mon 27 Jun to 15:27 on Tue 28 Jun.", "fact": "1949-06-27T08:57:01Z → 1949-06-28T07:27:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 27th, 12:28–13:16 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7857 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rathayātrā, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 28 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rathayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Rathayatra (paraviddha, special when combined with naksatra 'Pusya')" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Puṣya nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rathayātrā 1949 falls on Tuesday 28 June. Dvitīyā runs from 16:57 on Mon 27 Jun to 15:27 on Tue 28 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/rathayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/skanda-panchami", "festival": "skanda-panchami", "name": "Skanda Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-06-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2963, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1949-06-30T11:39:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-30T03:39:22Z", "ms": -647122838142.0153 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-01T09:32:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-01T01:32:22Z", "ms": -647044057908.7909 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-06-30T11:39:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-30T03:39:22Z", "ms": -647122838142.0153 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-01T09:32:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-01T01:32:22Z", "ms": -647044057908.7909 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-06-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-30T12:28:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-30T04:28:45Z", "ms": -647119875051.6104 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-30T13:16:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-30T05:16:45Z", "ms": -647116995051.6104 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-07-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-01T12:28:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-01T04:28:56Z", "ms": -647033463612.8458 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-01T13:16:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-01T05:16:56Z", "ms": -647030583612.8458 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 11:39 on Thu 30 Jun to 09:32 on Fri 1 Jul.", "fact": "1949-06-30T03:39:22Z → 1949-07-01T01:32:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 30th, 12:29–13:17 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2963 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 30 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Skanda pancami (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Skanda Pañcamī 1949 falls on Thursday 30 June. Pañcamī runs from 11:39 on Thu 30 Jun to 09:32 on Fri 1 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/skanda-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-06-30", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-06-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1370, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-06-29T13:39:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-29T05:39:24Z", "ms": -647202036458.9808 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-30T11:39:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-30T03:39:22Z", "ms": -647122838142.0153 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-06-29T13:39:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-29T05:39:24Z", "ms": -647202036458.9808 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-30T11:39:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-30T03:39:22Z", "ms": -647122838142.0153 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-06-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-29T12:28:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-29T04:28:33Z", "ms": -647206286729.0437 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-29T13:16:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-29T05:16:33Z", "ms": -647203406729.0437 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-06-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-06-30T12:28:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-30T04:28:45Z", "ms": -647119875051.6104 }, "end": { "local": "1949-06-30T13:16:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-06-30T05:16:45Z", "ms": -647116995051.6104 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:39 on Wed 29 Jun to 11:39 on Thu 30 Jun.", "fact": "1949-06-29T05:39:24Z → 1949-06-30T03:39:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 29th, 12:29–13:17 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: unstated → second-day · margin 1370 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 30 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-06-29", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1949 falls on Thursday 30 June. Caturthī runs from 13:39 on Wed 29 Jun to 11:39 on Thu 30 Jun, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-06-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vivasvat-saptami", "festival": "vivasvat-saptami", "name": "Vivasvat Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-07-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18405, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1949-07-02T07:22:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-01T23:22:22Z", "ms": -646965457540.0693 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-03T05:12:11+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-02T21:12:11Z", "ms": -646886868794.3662 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-07-02T07:22:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-01T23:22:22Z", "ms": -646965457540.0693 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-03T05:12:11+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-02T21:12:11Z", "ms": -646886868794.3662 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-07-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-02T12:29:08+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-02T04:29:08Z", "ms": -646947052437.1315 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-02T13:17:08+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-02T05:17:08Z", "ms": -646944172437.1315 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-07-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-03T12:29:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-03T04:29:18Z", "ms": -646860641547.1372 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-03T13:17:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-03T05:17:18Z", "ms": -646857761547.1372 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 07:22 on Sat 2 Jul to 05:12 on Sun 3 Jul.", "fact": "1949-07-01T23:22:22Z → 1949-07-02T21:12:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 2nd, 12:29–13:17 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 18405 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vivasvat Saptamī, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 2 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vivasvat-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Vivasvat saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vivasvat Saptamī 1949 falls on Saturday 2 July. Saptamī runs from 07:22 on Sat 2 Jul to 05:12 on Sun 3 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vivasvat-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-07-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-07-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24121, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-07-05T22:57:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-05T14:57:14Z", "ms": -646650165560.7499 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-06T21:02:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-06T13:02:39Z", "ms": -646570641306.2618 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-07-05T22:57:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-05T14:57:14Z", "ms": -646650165560.7499 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-06T21:02:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-06T13:02:39Z", "ms": -646570641306.2618 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-07-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-06T05:39:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-05T21:39:16Z", "ms": -646626044174.864 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-06T05:39:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-05T21:39:16Z", "ms": -646626044174.864 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-07T05:39:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-06T21:39:47Z", "ms": -646539612651.2242 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-07T05:39:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-06T21:39:47Z", "ms": -646539612651.2242 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 22:57 on Tue 5 Jul to 21:03 on Wed 6 Jul.", "fact": "1949-07-05T14:57:14Z → 1949-07-06T13:02:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:39 on the 6th and 05:40 on the 7th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 6th and is not on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24121 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 6 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Hariśayanī Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Wednesday 6 July. Ekādaśī runs from 22:57 on Tue 5 Jul to 21:03 on Wed 6 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-07-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-07-07", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-07-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3052, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-07-07T19:17:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-07T11:17:19Z", "ms": -646490561447.8936 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-08T17:45:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-08T09:45:12Z", "ms": -646409688440.2677 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-07-07T19:17:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-07T11:17:19Z", "ms": -646490561447.8936 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-08T17:45:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-08T09:45:12Z", "ms": -646409688440.2677 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-07T20:08:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-07T12:08:10Z", "ms": -646487509824.7789 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-07T21:24:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-07T13:24:27Z", "ms": -646482932533.5437 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-08T20:07:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-08T12:07:56Z", "ms": -646401123976.104 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-08T21:24:20+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-08T13:24:20Z", "ms": -646396540336.0392 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 19:17 on Thu 7 Jul to 17:45 on Fri 8 Jul.", "fact": "1949-07-07T11:17:19Z → 1949-07-08T09:45:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:08–21:24 on the 7th, 20:08–21:24 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 76 of 76 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 76 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3052 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 7 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Thursday 7 July. Trayodaśī runs from 19:17 on Thu 7 Jul to 17:45 on Fri 8 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-07-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/kokila-vrata", "festival": "kokila-vrata", "name": "Kokilā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-07-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2583, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1949-07-09T16:31:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-09T08:31:16Z", "ms": -646327724133.2523 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-10T15:41:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-10T07:41:09Z", "ms": -646244331085.1777 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-07-09T16:31:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-09T08:31:16Z", "ms": -646327724133.2523 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-10T15:41:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-10T07:41:09Z", "ms": -646244331085.1777 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-09T17:14:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-09T09:14:19Z", "ms": -646325141222.2338 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-09T20:07:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-09T12:07:40Z", "ms": -646314739858.8877 } }, "covered_min": 173, "window_min": 173, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-07-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-10T17:14:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-10T09:14:12Z", "ms": -646238748431.5741 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-10T20:07:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-10T12:07:23Z", "ms": -646228357467.2666 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 173, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 16:31 on Sat 9 Jul to 15:41 on Sun 10 Jul.", "fact": "1949-07-09T08:31:16Z → 1949-07-10T07:41:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 17:14–20:08 on the 9th, 17:14–20:07 on the 10th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 173 of 173 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 173 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2583 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kokilā Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 9 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kokila-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kokilā Vrata 1949 falls on Saturday 9 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 16:31 on Sat 9 Jul to 15:41 on Sun 10 Jul and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/kokila-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/shiva-shayanotsava", "festival": "shiva-shayanotsava", "name": "Śiva Śayanotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-07-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12984, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1949-07-09T16:31:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-09T08:31:16Z", "ms": -646327724133.2523 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-10T15:41:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-10T07:41:09Z", "ms": -646244331085.1777 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-07-09T16:31:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-09T08:31:16Z", "ms": -646327724133.2523 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-10T15:41:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-10T07:41:09Z", "ms": -646244331085.1777 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-09T20:07:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-09T12:07:40Z", "ms": -646314739858.8877 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-09T21:24:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-09T13:24:10Z", "ms": -646310149516.2098 } }, "covered_min": 77, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-07-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-10T20:07:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-10T12:07:23Z", "ms": -646228357467.2666 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-10T21:24:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-10T13:24:00Z", "ms": -646223760073.2156 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 16:31 on Sat 9 Jul to 15:41 on Sun 10 Jul.", "fact": "1949-07-09T08:31:16Z → 1949-07-10T07:41:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:08–21:24 on the 9th, 20:07–21:24 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 77 of 77 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 77 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12984 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śiva Śayanotsava, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 9 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shiva-shayanotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śiva Śayanotsava 1949 falls on Saturday 9 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 16:31 on Sat 9 Jul to 15:41 on Sun 10 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/shiva-shayanotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vyasa-puja", "festival": "vyasa-puja", "name": "Vyāsa Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-07-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25590, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1949-07-09T16:31:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-09T08:31:16Z", "ms": -646327724133.2523 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-10T15:41:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-10T07:41:09Z", "ms": -646244331085.1777 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-07-09T16:31:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-09T08:31:16Z", "ms": -646327724133.2523 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-10T15:41:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-10T07:41:09Z", "ms": -646244331085.1777 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-09T05:40:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-08T21:40:53Z", "ms": -646366746675.6182 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-09T08:34:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-09T00:34:15Z", "ms": -646356345312.2721 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 173, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-07-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-10T05:41:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-09T21:41:28Z", "ms": -646280312288.804 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-10T08:34:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-10T00:34:39Z", "ms": -646269921324.4965 } }, "covered_min": 173, "window_min": 173, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 16:31 on Sat 9 Jul to 15:41 on Sun 10 Jul.", "fact": "1949-07-09T08:31:16Z → 1949-07-10T07:41:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:41–08:34 on the 9th, 05:41–08:35 on the 10th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 173 minutes on the 9th and 173 of 173 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25590 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vyāsa Pūjā, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 10 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vyasa-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vyāsa Pūjā 1949 falls on Sunday 10 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 16:31 on Sat 9 Jul to 15:41 on Sun 10 Jul and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vyasa-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/guru-purnima", "festival": "guru-purnima", "name": "Guru Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-07-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8564, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1949-07-09T16:31:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-09T08:31:16Z", "ms": -646327724133.2523 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-10T15:41:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-10T07:41:09Z", "ms": -646244331085.1777 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-07-09T16:31:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-09T08:31:16Z", "ms": -646327724133.2523 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-10T15:41:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-10T07:41:09Z", "ms": -646244331085.1777 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-09T12:30:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-09T04:30:17Z", "ms": -646342183267.2529 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-09T13:18:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-09T05:18:17Z", "ms": -646339303267.2529 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-07-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-10T12:30:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-10T04:30:25Z", "ms": -646255774878.0353 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-10T13:18:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-10T05:18:25Z", "ms": -646252894878.0353 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 16:31 on Sat 9 Jul to 15:41 on Sun 10 Jul.", "fact": "1949-07-09T08:31:16Z → 1949-07-10T07:41:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:30–13:18 on the 9th, 12:30–13:18 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 8564 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Guru Pūrṇimā, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 10 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "guru-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Guru Pūrṇimā 1949 falls on Sunday 10 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 16:31 on Sat 9 Jul to 15:41 on Sun 10 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/guru-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-07-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21568, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1949-07-11T15:20:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-11T07:20:30Z", "ms": -646159170093.7263 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-12T15:34:07+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-12T07:34:07Z", "ms": -646071953448.2463 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-07-11T15:20:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-11T07:20:30Z", "ms": -646159170093.7263 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-12T15:34:07+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-12T07:34:07Z", "ms": -646071953448.2463 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-07-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-11T21:19:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-11T13:19:58Z", "ms": -646137601993.2892 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-11T21:19:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-11T13:19:58Z", "ms": -646137601993.2892 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-07-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-12T21:55:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-12T13:55:27Z", "ms": -646049072788.0748 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-12T21:55:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-12T13:55:27Z", "ms": -646049072788.0748 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 15:20 on Mon 11 Jul to 15:34 on Tue 12 Jul.", "fact": "1949-07-11T07:20:30Z → 1949-07-12T07:34:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:20 on the 11th and 21:55 on the 12th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 11th and is not on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21568 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha), Qingyang, 1949: Monday 11 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunya sayana vrata (candrodaya vyapini; purvahna vyapini and purvaviddha in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row reads pūrvāhṇa and pūrvaviddha; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha) 1949 falls on Monday 11 July. Dvitīyā runs from 15:20 on Mon 11 Jul to 15:34 on Tue 12 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-07-13", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-07-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17908, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-07-13T16:24:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-13T08:24:49Z", "ms": -645982511495.861 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-14T17:52:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-14T09:52:15Z", "ms": -645890865046.7288 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-07-13T16:24:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-13T08:24:49Z", "ms": -645982511495.861 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-14T17:52:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-14T09:52:15Z", "ms": -645890865046.7288 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-07-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-13T22:25:04+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-13T14:25:04Z", "ms": -645960895788.6622 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-13T22:25:04+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-13T14:25:04Z", "ms": -645960895788.6622 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-14T22:50:42+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-14T14:50:42Z", "ms": -645872957541.3241 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-14T22:50:42+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-14T14:50:42Z", "ms": -645872957541.3241 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:25 on Wed 13 Jul to 17:52 on Thu 14 Jul.", "fact": "1949-07-13T08:24:49Z → 1949-07-14T09:52:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:25 on the 13th and 22:51 on the 14th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 13th and is not on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17908 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 13 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1949 falls on Wednesday 13 July. Caturthī runs from 16:25 on Wed 13 Jul to 17:52 on Thu 14 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-07-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-07-22", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-07-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3525, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-07-21T06:47:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-20T22:47:22Z", "ms": -645325957765.7249 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-22T07:34:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-21T23:34:37Z", "ms": -645236723415.8993 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-07-21T06:47:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-20T22:47:22Z", "ms": -645325957765.7249 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-22T07:34:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-21T23:34:37Z", "ms": -645236723415.8993 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-21T05:48:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-20T21:48:38Z", "ms": -645329482361.9834 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-21T05:48:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-20T21:48:38Z", "ms": -645329482361.9834 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-07-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-22T05:49:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-21T21:49:21Z", "ms": -645243039440.8494 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-22T05:49:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-21T21:49:21Z", "ms": -645243039440.8494 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:47 on Thu 21 Jul to 07:35 on Fri 22 Jul.", "fact": "1949-07-20T22:47:22Z → 1949-07-21T23:34:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:49 on the 21st and 05:49 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3525 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 22 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kāmikā Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Friday 22 July. Ekādaśī runs from 06:47 on Thu 21 Jul to 07:35 on Fri 22 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-07-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-07-23", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-07-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34357, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-07-23T07:35:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-22T23:35:47Z", "ms": -645150252698.2828 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-24T06:52:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-23T22:52:16Z", "ms": -645066464127.3535 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-07-23T07:35:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-22T23:35:47Z", "ms": -645150252698.2828 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-24T06:52:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-23T22:52:16Z", "ms": -645066464127.3535 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-07-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-22T20:01:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-22T12:01:40Z", "ms": -645191900250.8401 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-22T21:20:07+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-22T13:20:07Z", "ms": -645187193021.2407 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-07-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-23T20:01:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-23T12:01:01Z", "ms": -645105539431.8983 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-23T21:19:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-23T13:19:39Z", "ms": -645100821129.1843 } }, "covered_min": 79, "window_min": 79, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 07:36 on Sat 23 Jul to 06:52 on Sun 24 Jul.", "fact": "1949-07-22T23:35:47Z → 1949-07-23T22:52:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:02–21:20 on the 22nd, 20:01–21:20 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 78 minutes on the 22nd and 79 of 79 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34357 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 23 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Saturday 23 July. Trayodaśī runs from 07:36 on Sat 23 Jul to 06:52 on Sun 24 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-07-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-07-24", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-07-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14941, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-07-24T06:52:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-23T22:52:16Z", "ms": -645066464127.3535 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-25T05:28:57+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-24T21:28:57Z", "ms": -644985063236.0164 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-07-24T06:52:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-23T22:52:16Z", "ms": -645066464127.3535 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-25T05:28:57+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-24T21:28:57Z", "ms": -644985063236.0164 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-07-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-24T00:31:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-23T16:31:54Z", "ms": -645089285796.7211 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-24T01:19:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-23T17:19:54Z", "ms": -645086405796.7211 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-07-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-25T00:31:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-24T16:31:56Z", "ms": -645002884028.7178 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-25T01:19:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-24T17:19:56Z", "ms": -645000004028.7178 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 06:52 on Sun 24 Jul to 05:29 on Mon 25 Jul.", "fact": "1949-07-23T22:52:16Z → 1949-07-24T21:28:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:32–01:20 on the 23rd, 00:32–01:20 on the 24th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14941 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 24 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1949 falls on Sunday 24 July. Caturdaśī runs from 06:52 on Sun 24 Jul to 05:29 on Mon 25 Jul and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-07-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/madhusrava-tritiya", "festival": "madhusrava-tritiya", "name": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Hariyali Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-07-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23707, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1949-07-27T22:37:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-27T14:37:27Z", "ms": -644750552580.287 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-28T19:54:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-28T11:54:41Z", "ms": -644673919187.6073 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-07-27T22:37:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-27T14:37:27Z", "ms": -644750552580.287 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-28T19:54:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-28T11:54:41Z", "ms": -644673919187.6073 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-07-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-27T12:31:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-27T04:31:35Z", "ms": -644786904944.0558 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-27T13:19:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-27T05:19:35Z", "ms": -644784024944.0558 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-07-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-28T12:31:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-28T04:31:34Z", "ms": -644700505716.9128 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-28T13:19:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-28T05:19:34Z", "ms": -644697625716.9128 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 22:37 on Wed 27 Jul to 19:55 on Thu 28 Jul.", "fact": "1949-07-27T14:37:27Z → 1949-07-28T11:54:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 27th, 12:32–13:20 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 23707 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 28 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "madhusrava-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Madhusrava (Gujerat) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Madhusravā Tṛtīyā (Hariyali Teej) 1949 falls on Thursday 28 July. Tṛtīyā runs from 22:37 on Wed 27 Jul to 19:55 on Thu 28 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/madhusrava-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-07-29", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-07-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13946, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-07-28T19:54:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-28T11:54:41Z", "ms": -644673919187.6073 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-29T17:11:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-29T09:11:59Z", "ms": -644597280779.1346 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-07-28T19:54:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-28T11:54:41Z", "ms": -644673919187.6073 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-29T17:11:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-29T09:11:59Z", "ms": -644597280779.1346 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-07-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-28T12:31:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-28T04:31:34Z", "ms": -644700505716.9128 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-28T13:19:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-28T05:19:34Z", "ms": -644697625716.9128 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-07-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-29T12:31:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-29T04:31:33Z", "ms": -644614107095.2407 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-29T13:19:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-29T05:19:33Z", "ms": -644611227095.2407 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:55 on Thu 28 Jul to 17:12 on Fri 29 Jul.", "fact": "1949-07-28T11:54:41Z → 1949-07-29T09:11:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 28th, 12:32–13:20 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13946 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 29 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1949 falls on Friday 29 July. Caturthī runs from 19:55 on Thu 28 Jul to 17:12 on Fri 29 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-07-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/naga-panchami", "festival": "naga-panchami", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-07-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4554, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1949-07-29T17:11:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-29T09:11:59Z", "ms": -644597280779.1346 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-30T14:35:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-30T06:35:25Z", "ms": -644520274807.6593 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-07-29T17:11:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-29T09:11:59Z", "ms": -644597280779.1346 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-30T14:35:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-30T06:35:25Z", "ms": -644520274807.6593 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-07-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-29T12:31:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-29T04:31:33Z", "ms": -644614107095.2407 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-29T13:19:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-29T05:19:33Z", "ms": -644611227095.2407 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-07-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-07-30T12:31:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-30T04:31:31Z", "ms": -644527709085.3472 }, "end": { "local": "1949-07-30T13:19:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-07-30T05:19:31Z", "ms": -644524829085.3472 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 17:12 on Fri 29 Jul to 14:35 on Sat 30 Jul.", "fact": "1949-07-29T09:11:59Z → 1949-07-30T06:35:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 29th, 12:32–13:20 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4554 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 30 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-07-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Nāga Pañcamī 1949 falls on Saturday 30 July. Pañcamī runs from 17:12 on Fri 29 Jul to 14:35 on Sat 30 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/naga-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-08-04", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3503, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-08-04T05:00:48+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-03T21:00:48Z", "ms": -644122752330.5037 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-05T03:58:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-04T19:58:02Z", "ms": -644040117555.3939 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-04T05:00:48+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-03T21:00:48Z", "ms": -644122752330.5037 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-05T03:58:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-04T19:58:02Z", "ms": -644040117555.3939 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-04T05:59:11+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-03T21:59:11Z", "ms": -644119249371.9303 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-04T05:59:11+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-03T21:59:11Z", "ms": -644119249371.9303 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-05T05:59:57+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-04T21:59:57Z", "ms": -644032802586.1793 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-05T05:59:57+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-04T21:59:57Z", "ms": -644032802586.1793 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:01 on Thu 4 Aug to 03:58 on Fri 5 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-03T21:00:48Z → 1949-08-04T19:58:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:59 on the 4th and 06:00 on the 5th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 4th and is not on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3503 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 4 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Putradā Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Thursday 4 August. Ekādaśī runs from 05:01 on Thu 4 Aug to 03:58 on Fri 5 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-08-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/damodara-dvadashi", "festival": "damodara-dvadashi", "name": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30784, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-08-05T03:58:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-04T19:58:02Z", "ms": -644040117555.3939 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-06T03:15:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-05T19:15:31Z", "ms": -643956269271.2291 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-05T03:58:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-04T19:58:02Z", "ms": -644040117555.3939 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-06T03:15:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-05T19:15:31Z", "ms": -643956269271.2291 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-05T12:31:06+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-05T04:31:06Z", "ms": -644009333979.1389 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-05T13:19:06+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-05T05:19:06Z", "ms": -644006453979.1389 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-06T12:31:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-06T04:31:00Z", "ms": -643922940267.4596 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-06T13:19:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-06T05:19:00Z", "ms": -643920060267.4596 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 03:58 on Fri 5 Aug to 03:16 on Sat 6 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-04T19:58:02Z → 1949-08-05T19:15:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:31–13:19 on the 5th, 12:31–13:19 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 30784 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 5 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "damodara-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Buddha dvadasi, Damodara dvadasi (purvaviddha), Visnu-pavitraropana." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Dāmodara Dvādaśī 1949 falls on Friday 5 August. Dvādaśī runs from 03:58 on Fri 5 Aug to 03:16 on Sat 6 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/damodara-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-08-06", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20670, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-08-06T03:15:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-05T19:15:31Z", "ms": -643956269271.2291 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-07T02:55:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-06T18:55:24Z", "ms": -643871076204.2709 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-06T03:15:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-05T19:15:31Z", "ms": -643956269271.2291 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-07T02:55:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-06T18:55:24Z", "ms": -643871076204.2709 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-05T19:50:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-05T11:50:15Z", "ms": -643982985372.0984 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-05T21:11:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-05T13:11:39Z", "ms": -643978101418.2345 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-06T19:49:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-06T11:49:15Z", "ms": -643896644816.8004 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-06T21:10:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-06T13:10:53Z", "ms": -643891746678.9684 } }, "covered_min": 82, "window_min": 82, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 03:16 on Sat 6 Aug to 02:55 on Sun 7 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-05T19:15:31Z → 1949-08-06T18:55:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:50–21:12 on the 5th, 19:49–21:11 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 81 minutes on the 5th and 82 of 82 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20670 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 6 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Saturday 6 August. Trayodaśī runs from 03:16 on Sat 6 Aug to 02:55 on Sun 7 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-08-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/raksha-bandhana", "festival": "raksha-bandhana", "name": "Rakṣā Bandhana", "everyday": "Rakhi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8990, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1949-08-08T03:00:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-07T19:00:24Z", "ms": -643784376341.2054 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-09T03:33:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-08T19:33:15Z", "ms": -643696005178.5801 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "second-half", "start": { "local": "1949-08-08T15:13:11+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-08T07:13:11Z", "ms": -643740408913.5448 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-09T03:33:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-08T19:33:15Z", "ms": -643696005178.5801 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-08T06:02:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-07T22:02:18Z", "ms": -643773461794.6105 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-09T06:03:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-08T22:03:05Z", "ms": -643687014764.9166 } }, "covered_min": 740, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-08-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-09T06:03:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-08T22:03:05Z", "ms": -643687014764.9166 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-10T06:03:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-09T22:03:52Z", "ms": -643600567704.9288 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 03:00 on Mon 8 Aug to 03:33 on Tue 9 Aug. Its second half begins at 15:13 on Mon 8 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-07T19:00:24Z → 1949-08-08T19:33:15Z · second half from 1949-08-08T07:13:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:02 on the 8th, and from 06:03 on the 9th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The second half of Pūrṇimā must be present during the day. It covers 740 of 1441 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 1441 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8990 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rakṣā Bandhana, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 8 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "raksha-bandhana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "day", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated", "half": "second" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rakṣā Bandhana (Rakhi) 1949 falls on Monday 8 August. The second half of Pūrṇimā runs from 15:13 on Mon 8 Aug to 03:33 on Tue 9 Aug and lies within that day, sunrise to sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/raksha-bandhana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/rishi-tarpana", "festival": "rishi-tarpana", "name": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32242, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1949-08-08T03:00:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-07T19:00:24Z", "ms": -643784376341.2054 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-09T03:33:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-08T19:33:15Z", "ms": -643696005178.5801 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-08T03:00:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-07T19:00:24Z", "ms": -643784376341.2054 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-09T03:33:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-08T19:33:15Z", "ms": -643696005178.5801 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-08T12:30:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-08T04:30:45Z", "ms": -643750154627.9395 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-08T13:18:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-08T05:18:45Z", "ms": -643747274627.9395 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-08-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-09T12:30:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-09T04:30:37Z", "ms": -643663762684.0708 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-09T13:18:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-09T05:18:37Z", "ms": -643660882684.0708 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 03:00 on Mon 8 Aug to 03:33 on Tue 9 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-07T19:00:24Z → 1949-08-08T19:33:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:31–13:19 on the 8th, 12:31–13:19 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32242 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 8 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa 1949 falls on Monday 8 August. Pūrṇimā runs from 03:00 on Mon 8 Aug to 03:33 on Tue 9 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/rishi-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29413, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1949-08-10T04:35:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-09T20:35:59Z", "ms": -643605841095.979 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-11T06:08:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-10T22:08:56Z", "ms": -643513863525.0048 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-10T04:35:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-09T20:35:59Z", "ms": -643605841095.979 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-11T06:08:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-10T22:08:56Z", "ms": -643513863525.0048 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-09T20:25:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-09T12:25:46Z", "ms": -643635254281.5612 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-09T20:25:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-09T12:25:46Z", "ms": -643635254281.5612 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-10T20:52:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-10T12:52:35Z", "ms": -643547244865.2842 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-10T20:52:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-10T12:52:35Z", "ms": -643547244865.2842 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 04:36 on Wed 10 Aug to 06:09 on Thu 11 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-09T20:35:59Z → 1949-08-10T22:08:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:26 on the 9th and 20:53 on the 10th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 9th and is on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29413 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 10 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunyasayana vrata (Dvitiya current at moonrise; if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata 1949 falls on Wednesday 10 August. Dvitīyā runs from 04:36 on Wed 10 Aug to 06:09 on Thu 11 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/kajjali-tritiya", "festival": "kajjali-tritiya", "name": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Kajari Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15625, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 17, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1949-08-11T06:08:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-10T22:08:56Z", "ms": -643513863525.0048 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-12T08:09:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-12T00:09:45Z", "ms": -643420214965.7782 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-11T06:08:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-10T22:08:56Z", "ms": -643513863525.0048 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-12T08:09:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-12T00:09:45Z", "ms": -643420214965.7782 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-11T12:30:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-11T04:30:19Z", "ms": -643490980503.5132 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-11T13:18:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-11T05:18:19Z", "ms": -643488100503.5132 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-12T12:30:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-12T04:30:10Z", "ms": -643404590247.7261 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-12T13:18:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-12T05:18:10Z", "ms": -643401710247.7261 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 06:09 on Thu 11 Aug to 08:10 on Fri 12 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-10T22:08:56Z → 1949-08-12T00:09:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:30–13:18 on the 11th, 12:30–13:18 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15625 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 11 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kajjali-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 3 Kajjali trtiya, (paraviddha), Angaveta trtiya (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kajjalī Tṛtīyā (Kajari Teej) 1949 falls on Thursday 11 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 06:09 on Thu 11 Aug to 08:10 on Fri 12 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/kajjali-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/bahula-chaturthi", "festival": "bahula-chaturthi", "name": "Bahulā Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23170, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-08-12T08:09:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-12T00:09:45Z", "ms": -643420214965.7782 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-13T10:32:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-13T02:32:29Z", "ms": -643325251318.9215 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-12T08:09:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-12T00:09:45Z", "ms": -643420214965.7782 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-13T10:32:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-13T02:32:29Z", "ms": -643325251318.9215 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-12T16:59:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-12T08:59:24Z", "ms": -643388436276.2996 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-12T19:42:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-12T11:42:53Z", "ms": -643378626962.0151 } }, "covered_min": 163, "window_min": 163, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-13T16:58:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-13T08:58:39Z", "ms": -643302080992.1195 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-13T19:41:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-13T11:41:45Z", "ms": -643292294630.1514 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 163, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:10 on Fri 12 Aug to 10:32 on Sat 13 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-12T00:09:45Z → 1949-08-13T02:32:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:59–19:43 on the 12th, 16:59–19:42 on the 13th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 163 of 163 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 163 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 23170 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bahulā Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 12 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bahula-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Bahula caturthi (Madhyadesa) (Sayahnavyapini: if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the 1st day)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Bahulā Caturthī 1949 falls on Friday 12 August. Caturthī runs from 08:10 on Fri 12 Aug to 10:32 on Sat 13 Aug and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/bahula-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-08-12", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39194, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-08-12T08:09:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-12T00:09:45Z", "ms": -643420214965.7782 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-13T10:32:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-13T02:32:29Z", "ms": -643325251318.9215 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-12T08:09:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-12T00:09:45Z", "ms": -643420214965.7782 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-13T10:32:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-13T02:32:29Z", "ms": -643325251318.9215 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-11T21:16:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-11T13:16:31Z", "ms": -643459408567.1315 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-11T21:16:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-11T13:16:31Z", "ms": -643459408567.1315 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-12T21:38:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-12T13:38:56Z", "ms": -643371663718.3494 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-12T21:38:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-12T13:38:56Z", "ms": -643371663718.3494 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:10 on Fri 12 Aug to 10:32 on Sat 13 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-12T00:09:45Z → 1949-08-13T02:32:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:17 on the 11th and 21:39 on the 12th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 11th and is on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 39194 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 12 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1949 falls on Friday 12 August. Caturthī runs from 08:10 on Fri 12 Aug to 10:32 on Sat 13 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-08-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/hala-shashthi", "festival": "hala-shashthi", "name": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 628, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1949-08-14T13:07:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-14T05:07:21Z", "ms": -643229559154.0255 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-15T15:41:20+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-15T07:41:20Z", "ms": -643133919697.1129 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-14T13:07:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-14T05:07:21Z", "ms": -643229559154.0255 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-15T15:41:20+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-15T07:41:20Z", "ms": -643133919697.1129 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-14T12:29:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-14T04:29:49Z", "ms": -643231811355.3953 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-14T13:17:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-14T05:17:49Z", "ms": -643228931355.3953 } }, "covered_min": 10, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-08-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-15T12:29:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-15T04:29:37Z", "ms": -643145422698.3748 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-15T13:17:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-15T05:17:37Z", "ms": -643142542698.3748 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 13:07 on Sun 14 Aug to 15:41 on Mon 15 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-14T05:07:21Z → 1949-08-15T07:41:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:30–13:18 on the 14th, 12:30–13:18 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 10 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 628 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 15 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "hala-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Hala sasthi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Hala Ṣaṣṭhī 1949 falls on Monday 15 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 13:07 on Sun 14 Aug to 15:41 on Mon 15 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 10 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/hala-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/janmashtami", "festival": "janmashtami", "name": "Janmāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16863, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1949-08-16T17:59:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-16T09:59:46Z", "ms": -643039213631.1384 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-17T19:48:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-17T11:48:34Z", "ms": -642946286061.8064 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-16T17:59:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-16T09:59:46Z", "ms": -643039213631.1384 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-17T19:48:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-17T11:48:34Z", "ms": -642946286061.8064 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-17T00:29:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-16T16:29:49Z", "ms": -643015811041.9608 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-17T01:17:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-16T17:17:49Z", "ms": -643012931041.9608 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-18T00:29:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-17T16:29:37Z", "ms": -642929423416.6216 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-18T01:17:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-17T17:17:37Z", "ms": -642926543416.6216 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 18:00 on Tue 16 Aug to 19:49 on Wed 17 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-16T09:59:46Z → 1949-08-17T11:48:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:30–01:18 on the 16th, 00:30–01:18 on the 17th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16863 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Janmāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 16 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "janmashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Janmastami (madhyaratra-vyapini), if midnight is covered on two days, or not on any day, it is to be observed on the 2nd day; special when combined with naksatra 'Rohini' at midnight, more so when on Monday or Wednesday. If the combination occurs before midnight and 'Rohini' extends up to midnight, it is to be observed on that day. Gokulastami." } ], "not_evaluated": "The clauses on Rohiṇī nakṣatra, the Vaiṣṇava observance on the day after saptamī, and the Assam and South India reckoning in the solar month belong to other readings and are not applied.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Janmāṣṭamī 1949 falls on Tuesday 16 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 18:00 on Tue 16 Aug to 19:49 on Wed 17 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/janmashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/shitala-saptami", "festival": "shitala-saptami", "name": "Śītalā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8623, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 21, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1949-08-15T15:41:20+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-15T07:41:20Z", "ms": -643133919697.1129 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-16T17:59:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-16T09:59:46Z", "ms": -643039213631.1384 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-15T15:41:20+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-15T07:41:20Z", "ms": -643133919697.1129 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-16T17:59:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-16T09:59:46Z", "ms": -643039213631.1384 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-15T12:29:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-15T04:29:37Z", "ms": -643145422698.3748 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-15T13:17:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-15T05:17:37Z", "ms": -643142542698.3748 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-16T12:29:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-16T04:29:25Z", "ms": -643059034553.5488 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-16T13:17:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-16T05:17:25Z", "ms": -643056154553.5488 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 15:41 on Mon 15 Aug to 18:00 on Tue 16 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-15T07:41:20Z → 1949-08-16T09:59:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:30–13:18 on the 15th, 12:29–13:17 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 8623 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalā Saptamī, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 16 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitala-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 7 Sitala saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śītalā Saptamī 1949 falls on Tuesday 16 August. Saptamī runs from 15:41 on Mon 15 Aug to 18:00 on Tue 16 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/shitala-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-08-20", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ajā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32110, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-08-19T21:16:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-19T13:16:33Z", "ms": -642768207323.0297 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-20T20:46:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-20T12:46:45Z", "ms": -642683595323.4382 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-19T21:16:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-19T13:16:33Z", "ms": -642768207323.0297 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-20T20:46:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-20T12:46:45Z", "ms": -642683595323.4382 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-20T06:11:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-19T22:11:43Z", "ms": -642736097376.2563 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-20T06:11:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-19T22:11:43Z", "ms": -642736097376.2563 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-21T06:12:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-20T22:12:29Z", "ms": -642649650537.2123 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-21T06:12:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-20T22:12:29Z", "ms": -642649650537.2123 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:17 on Fri 19 Aug to 20:47 on Sat 20 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-19T13:16:33Z → 1949-08-20T12:46:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:12 on the 20th and 06:12 on the 21st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 32110 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ajā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 20 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ajā Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Saturday 20 August. Ekādaśī runs from 21:17 on Fri 19 Aug to 20:47 on Sat 20 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-08-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-08-21", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-21", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 167, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-08-21T19:29:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-21T11:29:22Z", "ms": -642601838350.7775 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-22T17:30:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-22T09:30:05Z", "ms": -642522594516.4515 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-21T19:29:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-21T11:29:22Z", "ms": -642601838350.7775 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-22T17:30:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-22T09:30:05Z", "ms": -642522594516.4515 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-21T19:32:08+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-21T11:32:08Z", "ms": -642601671749.3966 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-21T20:57:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-21T12:57:37Z", "ms": -642596542684.408 } }, "covered_min": 85, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-22T19:30:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-22T11:30:52Z", "ms": -642515347942.1859 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-22T20:56:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-22T12:56:38Z", "ms": -642510202490.9896 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 19:29 on Sun 21 Aug to 17:30 on Mon 22 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-21T11:29:22Z → 1949-08-22T09:30:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:32–20:58 on the 21st, 19:31–20:57 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 85 of 85 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 86 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 167 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 21 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-21", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-21", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Sunday 21 August. Trayodaśī runs from 19:29 on Sun 21 Aug to 17:30 on Mon 22 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It is 2 min 47 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-08-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/aghora-chaturdashi", "festival": "aghora-chaturdashi", "name": "Aghora Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7247, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-08-22T17:30:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-22T09:30:05Z", "ms": -642522594516.4515 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-23T14:56:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-23T06:56:54Z", "ms": -642445385836.4895 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-22T17:30:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-22T09:30:05Z", "ms": -642522594516.4515 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-23T14:56:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-23T06:56:54Z", "ms": -642445385836.4895 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-22T19:30:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-22T11:30:52Z", "ms": -642515347942.1859 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-22T20:56:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-22T12:56:38Z", "ms": -642510202490.9896 } }, "covered_min": 86, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-23T19:29:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-23T11:29:35Z", "ms": -642429024946.0107 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-23T20:55:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-23T12:55:37Z", "ms": -642423863011.0303 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 17:30 on Mon 22 Aug to 14:57 on Tue 23 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-22T09:30:05Z → 1949-08-23T06:56:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:31–20:57 on the 22nd, 19:30–20:56 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 86 of 86 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 86 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7247 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aghora Caturdaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 22 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aghora-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Aghora caturdasi (pradosa vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Aghora Caturdaśī 1949 falls on Monday 22 August. Caturdaśī runs from 17:30 on Mon 22 Aug to 14:57 on Tue 23 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/aghora-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-08-22", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25102, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-08-22T17:30:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-22T09:30:05Z", "ms": -642522594516.4515 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-23T14:56:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-23T06:56:54Z", "ms": -642445385836.4895 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-22T17:30:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-22T09:30:05Z", "ms": -642522594516.4515 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-23T14:56:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-23T06:56:54Z", "ms": -642445385836.4895 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-23T00:28:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-22T16:28:27Z", "ms": -642497492500.2 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-23T01:16:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-22T17:16:27Z", "ms": -642494612500.2 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-24T00:28:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-23T16:28:12Z", "ms": -642411107689.834 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-24T01:16:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-23T17:16:12Z", "ms": -642408227689.834 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 17:30 on Mon 22 Aug to 14:57 on Tue 23 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-22T09:30:05Z → 1949-08-23T06:56:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:28–01:16 on the 22nd, 00:28–01:16 on the 23rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25102 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 22 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1949 falls on Monday 22 August. Caturdaśī runs from 17:30 on Mon 22 Aug to 14:57 on Tue 23 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-08-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/rudra-vrata", "festival": "rudra-vrata", "name": "Rudra Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1713, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1949-08-24T11:59:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-24T03:59:01Z", "ms": -642369659279.762 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-25T08:46:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-25T00:46:05Z", "ms": -642294835359.1674 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-24T11:59:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-24T03:59:01Z", "ms": -642369659279.762 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-25T08:46:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-25T00:46:05Z", "ms": -642294835359.1674 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-24T12:27:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-24T04:27:33Z", "ms": -642367946584.6445 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-24T13:15:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-24T05:15:33Z", "ms": -642365066584.6445 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-25T12:27:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-25T04:27:17Z", "ms": -642281562591.0016 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-25T13:15:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-25T05:15:17Z", "ms": -642278682591.0016 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 11:59 on Wed 24 Aug to 08:46 on Thu 25 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-24T03:59:01Z → 1949-08-25T00:46:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 24th, 12:27–13:15 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1713 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rudra Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 24 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rudra-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Rudra vrata (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rudra Vrata 1949 falls on Wednesday 24 August. Pratipadā runs from 11:59 on Wed 24 Aug to 08:46 on Thu 25 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/rudra-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/haritalika-vrata", "festival": "haritalika-vrata", "name": "Haritālikā Vrata", "everyday": "Hartalika Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25166, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1949-08-26T05:27:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-25T21:27:35Z", "ms": -642220344569.2139 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-27T02:12:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-26T18:12:25Z", "ms": -642145654533.1893 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-26T05:27:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-25T21:27:35Z", "ms": -642220344569.2139 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-27T02:12:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-26T18:12:25Z", "ms": -642145654533.1893 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-26T12:27:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-26T04:27:01Z", "ms": -642195179012.1066 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-26T13:15:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-26T05:15:01Z", "ms": -642192299012.1066 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-27T12:26:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-27T04:26:44Z", "ms": -642108795837.9941 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-27T13:14:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-27T05:14:44Z", "ms": -642105915837.9941 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 05:28 on Fri 26 Aug to 02:12 on Sat 27 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-25T21:27:35Z → 1949-08-26T18:12:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:27–13:15 on the 26th, 12:27–13:15 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25166 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Haritālikā Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 26 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "haritalika-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Haritalika vrata (paraviddha), Gauri vrata (Orissa), Gauri (Mysore)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Haritālikā Vrata (Hartalika Teej) 1949 falls on Friday 26 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 05:28 on Fri 26 Aug to 02:12 on Sat 27 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/haritalika-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ganesha-chaturthi", "festival": "ganesha-chaturthi", "name": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35625, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-08-27T02:12:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-26T18:12:25Z", "ms": -642145654533.1893 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-27T23:08:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-27T15:08:29Z", "ms": -642070290796.8959 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-27T02:12:25+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-26T18:12:25Z", "ms": -642145654533.1893 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-27T23:08:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-27T15:08:29Z", "ms": -642070290796.8959 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-26T12:27:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-26T04:27:01Z", "ms": -642195179012.1066 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-26T13:15:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-26T05:15:01Z", "ms": -642192299012.1066 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-27T12:26:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-27T04:26:44Z", "ms": -642108795837.9941 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-27T13:14:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-27T05:14:44Z", "ms": -642105915837.9941 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 02:12 on Sat 27 Aug to 23:08 on Sat 27 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-26T18:12:25Z → 1949-08-27T15:08:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:27–13:15 on the 26th, 12:27–13:15 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 35625 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 27 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Varada caturthi (purvaviddha, madhyahnavyapini), Samvatsari parva (Jain-caturthi paksa), Saubhagya caturthi (Bengal), Ganesa caturthi (madhyahna vyapini and purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Gaṇeśa Caturthī 1949 falls on Saturday 27 August. Caturthī runs from 02:12 on Sat 27 Aug to 23:08 on Sat 27 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ganesha-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/rishi-panchami", "festival": "rishi-panchami", "name": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25680, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1949-08-27T23:08:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-27T15:08:29Z", "ms": -642070290796.8959 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-28T20:22:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-28T12:22:27Z", "ms": -641993852970.9437 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-27T23:08:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-27T15:08:29Z", "ms": -642070290796.8959 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-28T20:22:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-28T12:22:27Z", "ms": -641993852970.9437 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-27T12:26:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-27T04:26:44Z", "ms": -642108795837.9941 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-27T13:14:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-27T05:14:44Z", "ms": -642105915837.9941 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-28T12:26:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-28T04:26:27Z", "ms": -642022413057.4263 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-28T13:14:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-28T05:14:27Z", "ms": -642019533057.4263 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 23:08 on Sat 27 Aug to 20:22 on Sun 28 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-27T15:08:29Z → 1949-08-28T12:22:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:27–13:15 on the 27th, 12:26–13:14 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 25680 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 28 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 1949 falls on Sunday 28 August. Pañcamī runs from 23:08 on Sat 27 Aug to 20:22 on Sun 28 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/rishi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "festival": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17124, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1949-08-28T20:22:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-28T12:22:27Z", "ms": -641993852970.9437 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-29T17:59:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-29T09:59:34Z", "ms": -641916026254.389 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-28T20:22:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-28T12:22:27Z", "ms": -641993852970.9437 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-29T17:59:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-29T09:59:34Z", "ms": -641916026254.389 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-28T12:26:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-28T04:26:27Z", "ms": -642022413057.4263 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-28T13:14:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-28T05:14:27Z", "ms": -642019533057.4263 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-29T12:26:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-29T04:26:09Z", "ms": -641936030657.6978 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-29T13:14:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-29T05:14:09Z", "ms": -641933150657.6978 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:22 on Sun 28 Aug to 18:00 on Mon 29 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-28T12:22:27Z → 1949-08-29T09:59:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:26–13:14 on the 28th, 12:26–13:14 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17124 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada), Qingyang, 1949: Monday 29 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Surya sasthi (paraviddha), Lolarka sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada) 1949 falls on Monday 29 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:22 on Sun 28 Aug to 18:00 on Mon 29 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/muktabharana-vrata", "festival": "muktabharana-vrata", "name": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10182, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1949-08-29T17:59:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-29T09:59:34Z", "ms": -641916026254.389 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-30T16:03:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-30T08:03:33Z", "ms": -641836586964.5321 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-29T17:59:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-29T09:59:34Z", "ms": -641916026254.389 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-30T16:03:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-30T08:03:33Z", "ms": -641836586964.5321 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-29T12:26:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-29T04:26:09Z", "ms": -641936030657.6978 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-29T13:14:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-29T05:14:09Z", "ms": -641933150657.6978 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-30T12:25:51+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-30T04:25:51Z", "ms": -641849648624.6246 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-30T13:13:51+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-30T05:13:51Z", "ms": -641846768624.6246 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 18:00 on Mon 29 Aug to 16:04 on Tue 30 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-29T09:59:34Z → 1949-08-30T08:03:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:26–13:14 on the 29th, 12:26–13:14 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 10182 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 30 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "muktabharana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Muktabharana vrata (purvaviddha), Lalita saptami (Bengal & Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Muktābharaṇa Vrata 1949 falls on Tuesday 30 August. Saptamī runs from 18:00 on Mon 29 Aug to 16:04 on Tue 30 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/muktabharana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/radhashtami", "festival": "radhashtami", "name": "Rādhāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-08-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4987, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1949-08-30T16:03:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-30T08:03:33Z", "ms": -641836586964.5321 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-31T14:36:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-31T06:36:40Z", "ms": -641755400197.8671 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-08-30T16:03:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-30T08:03:33Z", "ms": -641836586964.5321 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-31T14:36:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-31T06:36:40Z", "ms": -641755400197.8671 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-30T12:25:51+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-30T04:25:51Z", "ms": -641849648624.6246 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-30T13:13:51+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-30T05:13:51Z", "ms": -641846768624.6246 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-08-31T12:25:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-31T04:25:33Z", "ms": -641763266942.6431 }, "end": { "local": "1949-08-31T13:13:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-08-31T05:13:33Z", "ms": -641760386942.6431 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 16:04 on Tue 30 Aug to 14:37 on Wed 31 Aug.", "fact": "1949-08-30T08:03:33Z → 1949-08-31T06:36:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:26–13:14 on the 30th, 12:26–13:14 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4987 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rādhāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 31 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "radhashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Durvastami (purvaviddha — S 8 of saura Bhadra except Bengal), Mahalaksmi vratarambha, Radhastami (madhyahna vyapini)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rādhāṣṭamī 1949 falls on Wednesday 31 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 16:04 on Tue 30 Aug to 14:37 on Wed 31 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/radhashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-09-03", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-09-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24681, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-09-02T13:13:06+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-02T05:13:06Z", "ms": -641587613838.7706 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-03T13:15:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-03T05:15:46Z", "ms": -641501054038.456 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-09-02T13:13:06+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-02T05:13:06Z", "ms": -641587613838.7706 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-03T13:15:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-03T05:15:46Z", "ms": -641501054038.456 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-02T06:21:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-01T22:21:45Z", "ms": -641612295209.694 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-02T06:21:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-01T22:21:45Z", "ms": -641612295209.694 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-03T06:22:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-02T22:22:30Z", "ms": -641525849566.7534 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-03T06:22:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-02T22:22:30Z", "ms": -641525849566.7534 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:13 on Fri 2 Sep to 13:16 on Sat 3 Sep.", "fact": "1949-09-02T05:13:06Z → 1949-09-03T05:15:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:22 on the 2nd and 06:23 on the 3rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 2nd and is on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24681 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 3 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Parivartanī Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Saturday 3 September. Ekādaśī runs from 13:13 on Fri 2 Sep to 13:16 on Sat 3 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-09-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vamana-jayanti", "festival": "vamana-jayanti", "name": "Vāmana Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-09-04", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 190, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-09-03T13:15:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-03T05:15:46Z", "ms": -641501054038.456 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-04T13:46:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-04T05:46:55Z", "ms": -641412784976.7075 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-09-03T13:15:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-03T05:15:46Z", "ms": -641501054038.456 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-04T13:46:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-04T05:46:55Z", "ms": -641412784976.7075 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-03T12:24:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-03T04:24:36Z", "ms": -641504123830.1752 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-03T13:12:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-03T05:12:36Z", "ms": -641501243830.1752 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-04T12:24:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-04T04:24:17Z", "ms": -641417743374.7888 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-04T13:12:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-04T05:12:17Z", "ms": -641414863374.7888 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 13:16 on Sat 3 Sep to 13:47 on Sun 4 Sep.", "fact": "1949-09-03T05:15:46Z → 1949-09-04T05:46:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:25–13:13 on the 3rd, 12:24–13:12 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 190 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vāmana Jayantī, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 4 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vamana-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Visnuparivartanotsava, Sakrotthana (in any of the naksatras U. Asadha, Sravana & Dhanistha), Kalki dvadasi, Sravana dvadasi (when combined with naksatra Sravana), Vamana jayanti (madhyahna vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-04", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-04", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vāmana Jayantī 1949 falls on Sunday 4 September. Dvādaśī runs from 13:16 on Sat 3 Sep to 13:47 on Sun 4 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It is 3 min 10 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vamana-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-09-04", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-09-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15982, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-09-04T13:46:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-04T05:46:55Z", "ms": -641412784976.7075 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-05T14:45:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-05T06:45:30Z", "ms": -641322870128.5669 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-09-04T13:46:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-04T05:46:55Z", "ms": -641412784976.7075 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-05T14:45:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-05T06:45:30Z", "ms": -641322870128.5669 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-04T19:13:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-04T11:13:17Z", "ms": -641393202745.983 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-04T20:42:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-04T12:42:43Z", "ms": -641387836847.9055 } }, "covered_min": 89, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-05T19:11:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-05T11:11:52Z", "ms": -641306887844.4849 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-05T20:41:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-05T12:41:35Z", "ms": -641301504542.0576 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:47 on Sun 4 Sep to 14:45 on Mon 5 Sep.", "fact": "1949-09-04T05:46:55Z → 1949-09-05T06:45:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:13–20:43 on the 4th, 19:12–20:42 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 89 of 89 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 90 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15982 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 4 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Sunday 4 September. Trayodaśī runs from 13:47 on Sun 4 Sep to 14:45 on Mon 5 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-09-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ananta-chaturdashi", "festival": "ananta-chaturdashi", "name": "Ananta Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-09-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20874, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-09-05T14:45:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-05T06:45:30Z", "ms": -641322870128.5669 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-06T16:10:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-06T08:10:15Z", "ms": -641231385217.139 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-09-05T14:45:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-05T06:45:30Z", "ms": -641322870128.5669 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-06T16:10:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-06T08:10:15Z", "ms": -641231385217.139 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-05T06:24:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-04T22:24:01Z", "ms": -641352958510.4015 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-05T08:57:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-05T00:57:36Z", "ms": -641343744377.2181 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 154, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-06T06:24:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-05T22:24:47Z", "ms": -641266513076.2806 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-06T08:57:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-06T00:57:55Z", "ms": -641257325132.7789 } }, "covered_min": 153, "window_min": 153, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 14:45 on Mon 5 Sep to 16:10 on Tue 6 Sep.", "fact": "1949-09-05T06:45:30Z → 1949-09-06T08:10:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:24–08:58 on the 5th, 06:25–08:58 on the 6th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 154 minutes on the 5th and 153 of 153 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20874 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ananta Caturdaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 6 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananta-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Ananta caturdasi (covering three muhurtas from sunrise, but one muhurta in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row asks for one muhūrta from sunrise; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ananta Caturdaśī 1949 falls on Tuesday 6 September. Caturdaśī runs from 14:45 on Mon 5 Sep to 16:10 on Tue 6 Sep and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ananta-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-09-11", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-09-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17253, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-09-11T01:14:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-10T17:14:55Z", "ms": -640853105233.393 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-12T03:53:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-11T19:53:12Z", "ms": -640757207576.5778 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-09-11T01:14:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-10T17:14:55Z", "ms": -640853105233.393 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-12T03:53:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-11T19:53:12Z", "ms": -640757207576.5778 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-10T20:27:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-10T12:27:21Z", "ms": -640870358686.8839 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-10T20:27:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-10T12:27:21Z", "ms": -640870358686.8839 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-11T20:51:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-11T12:51:19Z", "ms": -640782520619.4506 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-11T20:51:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-11T12:51:19Z", "ms": -640782520619.4506 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:15 on Sun 11 Sep to 03:53 on Mon 12 Sep.", "fact": "1949-09-10T17:14:55Z → 1949-09-11T19:53:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:27 on the 10th and 20:51 on the 11th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 10th and is on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17253 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 11 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1949 falls on Sunday 11 September. Caturthī runs from 01:15 on Sun 11 Sep to 03:53 on Mon 12 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-09-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/chandra-shashthi", "festival": "chandra-shashthi", "name": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-09-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32577, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1949-09-13T06:21:08+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-12T22:21:08Z", "ms": -640661932080.9926 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-14T08:26:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-14T00:26:40Z", "ms": -640567999595.5754 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-09-13T06:21:08+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-12T22:21:08Z", "ms": -640661932080.9926 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-14T08:26:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-14T00:26:40Z", "ms": -640567999595.5754 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-12T21:18:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-12T13:18:10Z", "ms": -640694509568.3842 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-12T21:18:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-12T13:18:10Z", "ms": -640694509568.3842 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-13T21:49:26+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-13T13:49:26Z", "ms": -640606233531.6837 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-13T21:49:26+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-13T13:49:26Z", "ms": -640606233531.6837 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 06:21 on Tue 13 Sep to 08:27 on Wed 14 Sep.", "fact": "1949-09-12T22:21:08Z → 1949-09-14T00:26:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:18 on the 12th and 21:49 on the 13th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 12th and is on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 32577 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 13 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chandra-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Candra sasthi (Sasthi current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Candra Ṣaṣṭhī 1949 falls on Tuesday 13 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 06:21 on Tue 13 Sep to 08:27 on Wed 14 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/chandra-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/jitashtami", "festival": "jitashtami", "name": "Jitāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Jitiya", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-09-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29290, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1949-09-15T09:58:32+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-15T01:58:32Z", "ms": -640476087749.4082 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-16T10:47:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-16T02:47:45Z", "ms": -640386734740.2399 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-09-15T09:58:32+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-15T01:58:32Z", "ms": -640476087749.4082 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-16T10:47:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-16T02:47:45Z", "ms": -640386734740.2399 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-15T18:57:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-15T10:57:23Z", "ms": -640443756753.7256 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-15T20:30:03+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-15T12:30:03Z", "ms": -640438197082.9921 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-09-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-16T18:55:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-16T10:55:55Z", "ms": -640357444784.6252 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-16T20:28:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-16T12:28:53Z", "ms": -640351867294.0569 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 09:59 on Thu 15 Sep to 10:48 on Fri 16 Sep.", "fact": "1949-09-15T01:58:32Z → 1949-09-16T02:47:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:57–20:30 on the 15th, 18:56–20:29 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 93 of 93 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 93 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29290 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jitāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 15 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "jitashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Jitāṣṭamī (Jitiya) 1949 falls on Thursday 15 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 09:59 on Thu 15 Sep to 10:48 on Fri 16 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/jitashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "festival": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "name": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-09-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 41499, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1949-09-15T09:58:32+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-15T01:58:32Z", "ms": -640476087749.4082 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-16T10:47:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-16T02:47:45Z", "ms": -640386734740.2399 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-09-15T09:58:32+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-15T01:58:32Z", "ms": -640476087749.4082 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-16T10:47:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-16T02:47:45Z", "ms": -640386734740.2399 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-14T22:26:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-14T14:26:53Z", "ms": -640517587074.0564 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-14T22:26:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-14T14:26:53Z", "ms": -640517587074.0564 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-15T23:12:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-15T15:12:14Z", "ms": -640428466168.3792 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-15T23:12:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-15T15:12:14Z", "ms": -640428466168.3792 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 09:59 on Thu 15 Sep to 10:48 on Fri 16 Sep.", "fact": "1949-09-15T01:58:32Z → 1949-09-16T02:47:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:27 on the 14th and 23:12 on the 15th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 14th and is on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 41499 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 15 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana 1949 falls on Thursday 15 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 09:59 on Thu 15 Sep to 10:48 on Fri 16 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-09-19", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Indirā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-09-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6586, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-09-18T10:00:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-18T02:00:19Z", "ms": -640216780767.6361 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-19T08:24:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-19T00:24:24Z", "ms": -640136136439.9828 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-09-18T10:00:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-18T02:00:19Z", "ms": -640216780767.6361 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-19T08:24:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-19T00:24:24Z", "ms": -640136136439.9828 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-18T06:33:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-17T22:33:52Z", "ms": -640229167897.5023 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-18T06:33:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-17T22:33:52Z", "ms": -640229167897.5023 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-19T06:34:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-18T22:34:38Z", "ms": -640142722089.7769 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-19T06:34:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-18T22:34:38Z", "ms": -640142722089.7769 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:00 on Sun 18 Sep to 08:24 on Mon 19 Sep.", "fact": "1949-09-18T02:00:19Z → 1949-09-19T00:24:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:34 on the 18th and 06:35 on the 19th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 18th and is on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6586 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Indirā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 19 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Indirā Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Monday 19 September. Ekādaśī runs from 10:00 on Sun 18 Sep to 08:24 on Mon 19 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-09-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-09-20", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-09-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24572, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-09-20T06:06:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-19T22:06:22Z", "ms": -640058018472.8383 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-21T03:13:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-20T19:13:43Z", "ms": -639981976901.6718 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-09-20T06:06:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-19T22:06:22Z", "ms": -640058018472.8383 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-21T03:13:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-20T19:13:43Z", "ms": -639981976901.6718 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-19T18:51:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-19T10:51:31Z", "ms": -640098509305.686 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-19T20:25:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-19T12:25:22Z", "ms": -640092878221.3804 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-20T18:50:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-20T10:50:02Z", "ms": -640012197528.6973 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-20T20:24:11+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-20T12:24:11Z", "ms": -640006548543.6232 } }, "covered_min": 94, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 06:06 on Tue 20 Sep to 03:14 on Wed 21 Sep.", "fact": "1949-09-19T22:06:22Z → 1949-09-20T19:13:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:52–20:25 on the 19th, 18:50–20:24 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 94 minutes on the 19th and 94 of 94 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24572 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 20 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Tuesday 20 September. Trayodaśī runs from 06:06 on Tue 20 Sep to 03:14 on Wed 21 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-09-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-09-20", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-09-20", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1403, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-09-21T03:13:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-20T19:13:43Z", "ms": -639981976901.6718 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-21T23:55:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-21T15:55:22Z", "ms": -639907477710.817 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-09-21T03:13:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-20T19:13:43Z", "ms": -639981976901.6718 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-21T23:55:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-21T15:55:22Z", "ms": -639907477710.817 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-21T00:19:06+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-20T16:19:06Z", "ms": -639992453834.6697 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-21T01:07:06+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-20T17:07:06Z", "ms": -639989573834.6697 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-09-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-22T00:18:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-21T16:18:45Z", "ms": -639906074858.0034 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-22T01:06:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-21T17:06:45Z", "ms": -639903194858.0034 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 03:14 on Wed 21 Sep to 23:55 on Wed 21 Sep.", "fact": "1949-09-20T19:13:43Z → 1949-09-21T15:55:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:19–01:07 on the 20th, 00:19–01:07 on the 21st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither night qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 1403 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 20 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-20", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-20", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1949 falls on Tuesday 20 September. Caturdaśī runs from 03:14 on Wed 21 Sep to 23:55 on Wed 21 Sep, and reaches niśītha on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-09-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/mahalaya-amavasya", "festival": "mahalaya-amavasya", "name": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā", "everyday": "Sarvapitṛ Amāvāsyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-09-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14393, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1949-09-21T23:55:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-21T15:55:22Z", "ms": -639907477710.817 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-22T20:20:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-22T12:20:58Z", "ms": -639833942478.5573 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-09-21T23:55:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-21T15:55:22Z", "ms": -639907477710.817 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-22T20:20:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-22T12:20:58Z", "ms": -639833942478.5573 } }, "kaala": "aparahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-09-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-21T13:55:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-21T05:55:37Z", "ms": -639943463495.0095 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-21T16:22:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-21T08:22:05Z", "ms": -639934674613.132 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 146, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-09-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-22T13:55:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-22T05:55:02Z", "ms": -639857097926.3523 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-22T16:21:04+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-22T08:21:04Z", "ms": -639848335906.8855 } }, "covered_min": 146, "window_min": 146, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 23:55 on Wed 21 Sep to 20:21 on Thu 22 Sep.", "fact": "1949-09-21T15:55:22Z → 1949-09-22T12:20:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aparāhṇa is 10th to 12th of 15 day muhūrtas: 13:56–16:22 on the 21st, 13:55–16:21 on the 22nd.", "fact": "aparahna: day-muhurta-10-12 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during aparāhṇa. It covers 0 of 146 minutes on the 21st and 146 of 146 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14393 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 22 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalaya-amavasya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Mahalaya amavasya (aparahnavyapini)" } ], "not_evaluated": "The note on p. 106 gives the first day in a decreasing tithimāna and the second in an increasing one, when amāvāsyā covers the whole of aparāhṇa on both days; tithimāna is not computed.", "kaala": "aparahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mahālaya Amāvāsyā 1949 falls on Thursday 22 September. Amāvasyā runs from 23:55 on Wed 21 Sep to 20:21 on Thu 22 Sep and covers all of aparāhṇa that afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/mahalaya-amavasya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/navaratra-arambha", "festival": "navaratra-arambha", "name": "Navarātrārambha", "everyday": "Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-09-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12881, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1949-09-22T20:20:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-22T12:20:58Z", "ms": -639833942478.5573 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-23T16:40:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-23T08:40:22Z", "ms": -639760778397.7059 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-09-22T20:20:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-22T12:20:58Z", "ms": -639833942478.5573 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-23T16:40:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-23T08:40:22Z", "ms": -639760778397.7059 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-09-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-22T12:18:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-22T04:18:01Z", "ms": -639862918936.0857 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-22T13:06:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-22T05:06:01Z", "ms": -639860038936.0857 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-23T12:17:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-23T04:17:40Z", "ms": -639776539835.6915 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-23T13:05:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-23T05:05:40Z", "ms": -639773659835.6915 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 20:21 on Thu 22 Sep to 16:40 on Fri 23 Sep.", "fact": "1949-09-22T12:20:58Z → 1949-09-23T08:40:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:18–13:06 on the 22nd, 12:18–13:06 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12881 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 23 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Navarātrārambha (Navratri) 1949 falls on Friday 23 September. Pratipadā runs from 20:21 on Thu 22 Sep to 16:40 on Fri 23 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/navaratra-arambha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-09-25", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-09-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9472, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-09-25T09:39:07+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-25T01:39:07Z", "ms": -639613252782.8237 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-26T06:36:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-25T22:36:18Z", "ms": -639537821732.647 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-09-25T09:39:07+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-25T01:39:07Z", "ms": -639613252782.8237 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-26T06:36:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-25T22:36:18Z", "ms": -639537821732.647 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-25T12:16:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-25T04:16:59Z", "ms": -639603781270.6184 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-25T13:04:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-25T05:04:59Z", "ms": -639600901270.6184 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-26T12:16:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-26T04:16:38Z", "ms": -639517401773.425 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-26T13:04:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-26T05:04:38Z", "ms": -639514521773.425 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:39 on Sun 25 Sep to 06:36 on Mon 26 Sep.", "fact": "1949-09-25T01:39:07Z → 1949-09-25T22:36:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:17–13:05 on the 25th, 12:17–13:05 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9472 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 25 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1949 falls on Sunday 25 September. Caturthī runs from 09:39 on Sun 25 Sep to 06:36 on Mon 26 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-09-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/durga-saptami", "festival": "durga-saptami", "name": "Durgā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-09-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16706, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1949-09-28T02:03:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-27T18:03:10Z", "ms": -639381409728.7834 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-29T00:43:03+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-28T16:43:03Z", "ms": -639299817333.9606 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-09-28T02:03:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-27T18:03:10Z", "ms": -639381409728.7834 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-29T00:43:03+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-28T16:43:03Z", "ms": -639299817333.9606 } }, "kaala": "udaya-1", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-28T06:41:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-27T22:41:36Z", "ms": -639364704120.6765 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-28T07:29:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-27T23:29:23Z", "ms": -639361837206.1515 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-29T06:42:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-28T22:42:23Z", "ms": -639278256921.7415 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-29T07:30:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-28T23:30:01Z", "ms": -639275398960.0408 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 02:03 on Wed 28 Sep to 00:43 on Thu 29 Sep.", "fact": "1949-09-27T18:03:10Z → 1949-09-28T16:43:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first muhūrta after sunrise is 1st of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:42–07:29 on the 28th, 06:42–07:30 on the 29th.", "fact": "udaya-1: day-muhurta-1-1 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must hold through the first muhūrta after sunrise. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16706 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Saptamī, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 28 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Durga saptami (paraviddha) — covering one muhurta from sunrise" } ], "kaala": "udaya-1", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Durgā Saptamī 1949 falls on Wednesday 28 September. Saptamī runs from 02:03 on Wed 28 Sep to 00:43 on Thu 29 Sep and covers all of the first muhūrta after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/durga-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/mahashtami", "festival": "mahashtami", "name": "Mahāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Durga Ashtami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-09-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39623, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1949-09-29T00:43:03+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-28T16:43:03Z", "ms": -639299817333.9606 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-30T00:04:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-29T16:04:01Z", "ms": -639215758993.6855 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-09-29T00:43:03+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-28T16:43:03Z", "ms": -639299817333.9606 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-30T00:04:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-29T16:04:01Z", "ms": -639215758993.6855 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-28T12:15:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-28T04:15:58Z", "ms": -639344642261.739 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-28T13:03:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-28T05:03:58Z", "ms": -639341762261.739 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-29T12:15:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-29T04:15:38Z", "ms": -639258262208.986 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-29T13:03:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-29T05:03:38Z", "ms": -639255382208.986 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 00:43 on Thu 29 Sep to 00:04 on Fri 30 Sep.", "fact": "1949-09-28T16:43:03Z → 1949-09-29T16:04:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:16–13:04 on the 28th, 12:16–13:04 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 39623 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 29 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 1949 falls on Thursday 29 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 00:43 on Thu 29 Sep to 00:04 on Fri 30 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/mahashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/mahanavami", "festival": "mahanavami", "name": "Mahānavamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-09-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39623, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1949-09-30T00:04:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-29T16:04:01Z", "ms": -639215758993.6855 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-01T00:05:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-30T16:05:55Z", "ms": -639129244873.4012 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-09-30T00:04:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-29T16:04:01Z", "ms": -639215758993.6855 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-01T00:05:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-30T16:05:55Z", "ms": -639129244873.4012 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-29T12:15:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-29T04:15:38Z", "ms": -639258262208.986 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-29T13:03:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-29T05:03:38Z", "ms": -639255382208.986 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-09-30T12:15:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-30T04:15:18Z", "ms": -639171881931.2433 }, "end": { "local": "1949-09-30T13:03:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-30T05:03:18Z", "ms": -639169001931.2433 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 00:04 on Fri 30 Sep to 00:06 on Sat 1 Oct.", "fact": "1949-09-29T16:04:01Z → 1949-09-30T16:05:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:16–13:04 on the 29th, 12:15–13:03 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 39623 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahānavamī, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 30 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahanavami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Mahanavami (purvaviddha) (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha covering one muhurta from sunrise)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mahānavamī 1949 falls on Friday 30 September. Navamī runs from 00:04 on Fri 30 Sep to 00:06 on Sat 1 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/mahanavami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vijaya-dashami", "festival": "vijaya-dashami", "name": "Vijayā Daśamī", "everyday": "Dussehra", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12121, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 9, "key": "dashami", "name": "Daśamī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-01T00:05:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-30T16:05:55Z", "ms": -639129244873.4012 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-02T00:46:26+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-01T16:46:26Z", "ms": -639040413501.5873 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "conjunction", "start": { "local": "1949-10-01T15:11:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-01T07:11:58Z", "ms": -639074881602.981 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-02T00:46:26+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-01T16:46:26Z", "ms": -639040413501.5873 }, "nakshatra": { "type": "nakshatra", "index": 21, "key": "shravana", "name": "Śravaṇa", "start": { "local": "1949-10-01T15:11:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-01T07:11:58Z", "ms": -639074881602.981 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-02T16:50:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-02T08:50:05Z", "ms": -638982594589.1538 } } }, "kaala": "daytime", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-01T06:43:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-09-30T22:43:58Z", "ms": -639105361960.7169 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-01T18:33:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-01T10:33:59Z", "ms": -639062760853.8656 } }, "covered_min": 202, "window_min": 710, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-10-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-02T06:44:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-01T22:44:46Z", "ms": -639018914173.7622 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-02T18:32:33+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-02T10:32:33Z", "ms": -638976447056.9565 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 708, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Daśamī runs from 00:06 on Sat 1 Oct to 00:46 on Sun 2 Oct, and Śravaṇa from 15:12 on Sat 1 Oct to 16:50 on Sun 2 Oct. They are together from 15:12 on Sat 1 Oct to 00:46 on Sun 2 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-01T07:11:58Z → 1949-10-01T16:46:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day time is sunrise to sunset: 06:44–18:34 on the 1st, 06:45–18:33 on the 2nd.", "fact": "daytime: sunrise-to-sunset · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Where Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time, that day is taken. Together they cover 202 of 710 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 708 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12121 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Daśamī, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 1 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vijaya-dashami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 10 Vijaya dasami (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha, covering one muhurta from sunrise. In other places, if it touches Sravana naksatra in the day time it is observed on that day), Sarasvati visarjana (to be observed in naksatra Sravana), Dasahara." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day", "conjunction": { "nakshatra": "Śravaṇa", "kaala": "daytime" } }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vijayā Daśamī (Dussehra) 1949 falls on Saturday 1 October. Daśamī runs from 00:06 on Sat 1 Oct to 00:46 on Sun 2 Oct and is with Śravaṇa in the day time that day, for 202 minutes.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vijaya-dashami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-10-02", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17044, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-02T00:46:26+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-01T16:46:26Z", "ms": -639040413501.5873 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-03T02:01:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-02T18:01:30Z", "ms": -638949510119.3093 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-02T00:46:26+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-01T16:46:26Z", "ms": -639040413501.5873 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-03T02:01:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-02T18:01:30Z", "ms": -638949510119.3093 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-02T06:44:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-01T22:44:46Z", "ms": -639018914173.7622 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-02T06:44:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-01T22:44:46Z", "ms": -639018914173.7622 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-10-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-03T06:45:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-02T22:45:34Z", "ms": -638932466164.7826 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-03T06:45:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-02T22:45:34Z", "ms": -638932466164.7826 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:46 on Sun 2 Oct to 02:01 on Mon 3 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-01T16:46:26Z → 1949-10-02T18:01:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:45 on the 2nd and 06:46 on the 3rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 2nd and is not on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17044 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 2 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Sunday 2 October. Ekādaśī runs from 00:46 on Sun 2 Oct to 02:01 on Mon 3 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-10-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-10-04", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27396, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-04T03:45:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-03T19:45:46Z", "ms": -638856854475.1501 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-05T05:53:13+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-04T21:53:13Z", "ms": -638762807168.0394 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-04T03:45:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-03T19:45:46Z", "ms": -638856854475.1501 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-05T05:53:13+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-04T21:53:13Z", "ms": -638762807168.0394 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-03T18:31:07+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-03T10:31:07Z", "ms": -638890132901.7659 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-03T20:09:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-03T12:09:09Z", "ms": -638884250904.1887 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-04T18:29:42+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-04T10:29:42Z", "ms": -638803818357.2253 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-04T20:08:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-04T12:08:02Z", "ms": -638797918499.6176 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 03:46 on Tue 4 Oct to 05:53 on Wed 5 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-03T19:45:46Z → 1949-10-04T21:53:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:31–20:09 on the 3rd, 18:30–20:08 on the 4th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 98 minutes on the 3rd and 98 of 98 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27396 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 4 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Tuesday 4 October. Trayodaśī runs from 03:46 on Tue 4 Oct to 05:53 on Wed 5 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-10-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/karaka-chaturthi", "festival": "karaka-chaturthi", "name": "Karaka Caturthī", "everyday": "Karwa Chauth", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1039, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-10T18:34:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-10T10:34:23Z", "ms": -638285136656.4178 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-11T20:43:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-11T12:43:00Z", "ms": -638191019905.1006 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-10T18:34:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-10T10:34:23Z", "ms": -638285136656.4178 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-11T20:43:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-11T12:43:00Z", "ms": -638191019905.1006 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-10T19:50:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-10T11:50:44Z", "ms": -638280555801.1652 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-10T19:50:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-10T11:50:44Z", "ms": -638280555801.1652 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-11T20:25:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-11T12:25:41Z", "ms": -638192059063.4535 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-11T20:25:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-11T12:25:41Z", "ms": -638192059063.4535 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 18:34 on Mon 10 Oct to 20:43 on Tue 11 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-10T10:34:23Z → 1949-10-11T12:43:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:51 on the 10th and 20:26 on the 11th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 10th and is on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both moonrises qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 1039 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Karaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 10 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "karaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Karaka caturthi (current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Karaka Caturthī (Karwa Chauth) 1949 falls on Monday 10 October. Caturthī runs from 18:34 on Mon 10 Oct to 20:43 on Tue 11 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/karaka-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-10-10", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-10", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1039, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-10T18:34:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-10T10:34:23Z", "ms": -638285136656.4178 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-11T20:43:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-11T12:43:00Z", "ms": -638191019905.1006 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-10T18:34:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-10T10:34:23Z", "ms": -638285136656.4178 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-11T20:43:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-11T12:43:00Z", "ms": -638191019905.1006 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-10T19:50:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-10T11:50:44Z", "ms": -638280555801.1652 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-10T19:50:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-10T11:50:44Z", "ms": -638280555801.1652 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-11T20:25:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-11T12:25:41Z", "ms": -638192059063.4535 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-11T20:25:41+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-11T12:25:41Z", "ms": -638192059063.4535 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 18:34 on Mon 10 Oct to 20:43 on Tue 11 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-10T10:34:23Z → 1949-10-11T12:43:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:51 on the 10th and 20:26 on the 11th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 10th and is on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both moonrises qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1039 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 10 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-10", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-10", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1949 falls on Monday 10 October. Caturthī runs from 18:34 on Mon 10 Oct to 20:43 on Tue 11 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-10-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ahoyi-ashtami", "festival": "ahoyi-ashtami", "name": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-14", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 415, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-15T00:06:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-14T16:06:27Z", "ms": -637919612652.6444 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-15T23:53:57+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-15T15:53:57Z", "ms": -637833963315.07 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-15T00:06:27+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-14T16:06:27Z", "ms": -637919612652.6444 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-15T23:53:57+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-15T15:53:57Z", "ms": -637833963315.07 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-14T22:55:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-14T14:55:54Z", "ms": -637923845629.9075 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-14T22:55:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-14T14:55:54Z", "ms": -637923845629.9075 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-16T00:00:51+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-15T16:00:51Z", "ms": -637833548518.0375 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-16T00:00:51+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-15T16:00:51Z", "ms": -637833548518.0375 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 00:06 on Sat 15 Oct to 23:54 on Sat 15 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-14T16:06:27Z → 1949-10-15T15:53:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:56 on the 14th and 00:01 on the 15th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 14th and is not on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 415 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 14 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ahoyi-ashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Ahoyi astami (Gujerat) (current at moonrise), Karastami (Maharashtra). If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-14", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-14", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ahoyī Aṣṭamī 1949 falls on Friday 14 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 00:06 on Sat 15 Oct to 23:54 on Sat 15 Oct, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ahoyi-ashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-10-18", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ramā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34906, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-17T21:16:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-17T13:16:24Z", "ms": -637670616449.5511 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-18T18:56:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-18T10:56:29Z", "ms": -637592611230.7238 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-17T21:16:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-17T13:16:24Z", "ms": -637670616449.5511 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-18T18:56:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-18T10:56:29Z", "ms": -637592611230.7238 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-18T06:58:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-17T22:58:10Z", "ms": -637635710471.5309 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-18T06:58:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-17T22:58:10Z", "ms": -637635710471.5309 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-19T06:59:03+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-18T22:59:03Z", "ms": -637549257263.8813 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-19T06:59:03+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-18T22:59:03Z", "ms": -637549257263.8813 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:16 on Mon 17 Oct to 18:56 on Tue 18 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-17T13:16:24Z → 1949-10-18T10:56:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:58 on the 18th and 06:59 on the 19th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 18th and is not on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34906 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ramā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 18 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Ramā Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Tuesday 18 October. Ekādaśī runs from 21:16 on Mon 17 Oct to 18:56 on Tue 18 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-10-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/govatsa-dvadashi", "festival": "govatsa-dvadashi", "name": "Govatsa Dvādaśī", "everyday": "Vasu Baras", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2745, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 26, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-18T18:56:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-18T10:56:29Z", "ms": -637592611230.7238 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-19T16:03:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-19T08:03:02Z", "ms": -637516617846.3671 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-18T18:56:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-18T10:56:29Z", "ms": -637592611230.7238 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-19T16:03:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-19T08:03:02Z", "ms": -637516617846.3671 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-18T18:10:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-18T10:10:44Z", "ms": -637595356135.5541 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-18T19:53:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-18T11:53:10Z", "ms": -637589209619.331 } }, "covered_min": 57, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-19T18:09:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-19T10:09:28Z", "ms": -637509031939.8949 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-19T19:52:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-19T11:52:12Z", "ms": -637502868171.5514 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 18:56 on Tue 18 Oct to 16:03 on Wed 19 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-18T10:56:29Z → 1949-10-19T08:03:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:11–19:53 on the 18th, 18:09–19:52 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 57 of 102 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 103 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 2745 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govatsa Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 18 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govatsa-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 12 Govatsa dvadasi (pradosa vyapini). If occurs on two days, it is to be observed on the first day." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vasu Baras) 1949 falls on Tuesday 18 October. Dvādaśī runs from 18:56 on Tue 18 Oct to 16:03 on Wed 19 Oct and covers 57 of 102 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/govatsa-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/yama-dipadana", "festival": "yama-dipadana", "name": "Yama Dīpadāna", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7586, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-19T16:03:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-19T08:03:02Z", "ms": -637516617846.3671 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-20T12:43:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T04:43:39Z", "ms": -637442181288.7588 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-19T16:03:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-19T08:03:02Z", "ms": -637516617846.3671 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-20T12:43:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T04:43:39Z", "ms": -637442181288.7588 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-19T18:09:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-19T10:09:28Z", "ms": -637509031939.8949 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-19T19:52:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-19T11:52:12Z", "ms": -637502868171.5514 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-20T18:08:13+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T10:08:13Z", "ms": -637422706847.465 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-20T19:51:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T11:51:14Z", "ms": -637416525896.5221 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:03 on Wed 19 Oct to 12:44 on Thu 20 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-19T08:03:02Z → 1949-10-20T04:43:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:09–19:52 on the 19th, 18:08–19:51 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 103 of 103 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 103 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7586 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dīpadāna, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 19 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dipadana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 13 Yama dipadana (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Yama Dīpadāna 1949 falls on Wednesday 19 October. Trayodaśī runs from 16:03 on Wed 19 Oct to 12:44 on Thu 20 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/yama-dipadana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-10-19", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7586, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-19T16:03:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-19T08:03:02Z", "ms": -637516617846.3671 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-20T12:43:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T04:43:39Z", "ms": -637442181288.7588 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-19T16:03:02+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-19T08:03:02Z", "ms": -637516617846.3671 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-20T12:43:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T04:43:39Z", "ms": -637442181288.7588 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-19T18:09:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-19T10:09:28Z", "ms": -637509031939.8949 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-19T19:52:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-19T11:52:12Z", "ms": -637502868171.5514 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-20T18:08:13+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T10:08:13Z", "ms": -637422706847.465 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-20T19:51:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T11:51:14Z", "ms": -637416525896.5221 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:03 on Wed 19 Oct to 12:44 on Thu 20 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-19T08:03:02Z → 1949-10-20T04:43:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:09–19:52 on the 19th, 18:08–19:51 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 103 of 103 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 103 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7586 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 19 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Wednesday 19 October. Trayodaśī runs from 16:03 on Wed 19 Oct to 12:44 on Thu 20 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-10-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-10-20", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29312, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-20T12:43:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T04:43:39Z", "ms": -637442181288.7588 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-21T09:07:03+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T01:07:03Z", "ms": -637368776599.6924 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-20T12:43:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T04:43:39Z", "ms": -637442181288.7588 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-21T09:07:03+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T01:07:03Z", "ms": -637368776599.6924 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-20T00:10:42+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-19T16:10:42Z", "ms": -637487357808.6067 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-20T00:58:42+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-19T16:58:42Z", "ms": -637484477808.6067 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-21T00:10:32+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T16:10:32Z", "ms": -637400968281.4293 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-21T00:58:32+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T16:58:32Z", "ms": -637398088281.4293 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 12:44 on Thu 20 Oct to 09:07 on Fri 21 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-20T04:43:39Z → 1949-10-21T01:07:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:11–00:59 on the 19th, 00:11–00:59 on the 20th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29312 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 20 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1949 falls on Thursday 20 October. Caturdaśī runs from 12:44 on Thu 20 Oct to 09:07 on Fri 21 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-10-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/naraka-chaturdashi", "festival": "naraka-chaturdashi", "name": "Naraka Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Choti Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7573, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-20T12:43:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T04:43:39Z", "ms": -637442181288.7588 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-21T09:07:03+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T01:07:03Z", "ms": -637368776599.6924 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-20T12:43:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T04:43:39Z", "ms": -637442181288.7588 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-21T09:07:03+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T01:07:03Z", "ms": -637368776599.6924 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-20T05:17:13+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-19T21:17:13Z", "ms": -637468967445.6621 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-20T06:59:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-19T22:59:56Z", "ms": -637462803677.3186 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-21T05:17:49+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T21:17:49Z", "ms": -637382530666.3365 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-21T07:00:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T23:00:50Z", "ms": -637376349715.3937 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 12:44 on Thu 20 Oct to 09:07 on Fri 21 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-20T04:43:39Z → 1949-10-21T01:07:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:17–07:00 on the 20th, 05:18–07:01 on the 21st.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 103 minutes on the 20th and 103 of 103 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 7573 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Naraka Caturdaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 21 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naraka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Naraka caturdasi (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Naraka Caturdaśī (Choti Diwali) 1949 falls on Friday 21 October. Caturdaśī runs from 12:44 on Thu 20 Oct to 09:07 on Fri 21 Oct and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/naraka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "festival": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "name": "Lakṣmī Pūjā", "everyday": "Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32396, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1949-10-21T09:07:03+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T01:07:03Z", "ms": -637368776599.6924 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-22T05:22:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T21:22:47Z", "ms": -637295832797.179 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-21T09:07:03+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T01:07:03Z", "ms": -637368776599.6924 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-22T05:22:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T21:22:47Z", "ms": -637295832797.179 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-21T18:06:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T10:06:59Z", "ms": -637336380829.2837 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-21T19:50:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T11:50:17Z", "ms": -637330182769.8583 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-22T18:05:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T10:05:46Z", "ms": -637250053857.144 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-22T19:49:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T11:49:21Z", "ms": -637243838768.0665 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 09:07 on Fri 21 Oct to 05:23 on Sat 22 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-21T01:07:03Z → 1949-10-21T21:22:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:07–19:50 on the 21st, 18:06–19:49 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 103 of 103 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 104 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32396 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pūjā, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 21 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali) 1949 falls on Friday 21 October. Amāvasyā runs from 09:07 on Fri 21 Oct to 05:23 on Sat 22 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/kali-puja", "festival": "kali-puja", "name": "Kālī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15865, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1949-10-21T09:07:03+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T01:07:03Z", "ms": -637368776599.6924 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-22T05:22:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T21:22:47Z", "ms": -637295832797.179 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-21T09:07:03+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T01:07:03Z", "ms": -637368776599.6924 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-22T05:22:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T21:22:47Z", "ms": -637295832797.179 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-21T00:10:32+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T16:10:32Z", "ms": -637400968281.4293 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-21T00:58:32+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-20T16:58:32Z", "ms": -637398088281.4293 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-22T00:10:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T16:10:22Z", "ms": -637314578106.4382 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-22T00:58:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T16:58:22Z", "ms": -637311698106.4382 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 09:07 on Fri 21 Oct to 05:23 on Sat 22 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-21T01:07:03Z → 1949-10-21T21:22:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:11–00:59 on the 20th, 00:10–00:58 on the 21st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15865 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kālī Pūjā, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 21 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kālī Pūjā 1949 falls on Friday 21 October. Amāvasyā runs from 09:07 on Fri 21 Oct to 05:23 on Sat 22 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/kali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/govardhana-puja", "festival": "govardhana-puja", "name": "Govardhana Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24418, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1949-10-22T05:22:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T21:22:47Z", "ms": -637295832797.179 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-23T01:40:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T17:40:47Z", "ms": -637222752963.9336 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-22T05:22:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T21:22:47Z", "ms": -637295832797.179 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-23T01:40:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T17:40:47Z", "ms": -637222752963.9336 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-22T12:09:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T04:09:45Z", "ms": -637271414620.3684 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-22T12:57:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T04:57:45Z", "ms": -637268534620.3684 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-23T12:09:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-23T04:09:37Z", "ms": -637185023296.0786 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-23T12:57:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-23T04:57:37Z", "ms": -637182143296.0786 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 05:23 on Sat 22 Oct to 01:41 on Sun 23 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-21T21:22:47Z → 1949-10-22T17:40:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 22nd, 12:10–12:58 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 24418 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govardhana Pūjā, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 22 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govardhana-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Govardhana Pūjā 1949 falls on Saturday 22 October. Pratipadā runs from 05:23 on Sat 22 Oct to 01:41 on Sun 23 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/govardhana-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/bali-puja", "festival": "bali-puja", "name": "Bali Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21086, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1949-10-22T05:22:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T21:22:47Z", "ms": -637295832797.179 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-23T01:40:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T17:40:47Z", "ms": -637222752963.9336 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-22T05:22:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T21:22:47Z", "ms": -637295832797.179 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-23T01:40:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T17:40:47Z", "ms": -637222752963.9336 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-21T18:06:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T10:06:59Z", "ms": -637336380829.2837 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-21T19:50:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T11:50:17Z", "ms": -637330182769.8583 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-22T18:05:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T10:05:46Z", "ms": -637250053857.144 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-22T19:49:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T11:49:21Z", "ms": -637243838768.0665 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 05:23 on Sat 22 Oct to 01:41 on Sun 23 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-21T21:22:47Z → 1949-10-22T17:40:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:07–19:50 on the 21st, 18:06–19:49 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 103 minutes on the 21st and 104 of 104 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21086 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bali Pūjā, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 22 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Bali Pūjā 1949 falls on Saturday 22 October. Pratipadā runs from 05:23 on Sat 22 Oct to 01:41 on Sun 23 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/bali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/dyuta-pratipad", "festival": "dyuta-pratipad", "name": "Dyūta Pratipad", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5937, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1949-10-22T05:22:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T21:22:47Z", "ms": -637295832797.179 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-23T01:40:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T17:40:47Z", "ms": -637222752963.9336 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-22T05:22:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T21:22:47Z", "ms": -637295832797.179 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-23T01:40:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T17:40:47Z", "ms": -637222752963.9336 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-22T07:01:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-21T23:01:45Z", "ms": -637289895383.5927 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-22T10:43:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T02:43:05Z", "ms": -637276614874.7765 } }, "covered_min": 221, "window_min": 221, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-23T07:02:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T23:02:39Z", "ms": -637203440689.0629 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-23T10:43:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-23T02:43:18Z", "ms": -637190202427.0734 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 221, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 05:23 on Sat 22 Oct to 01:41 on Sun 23 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-21T21:22:47Z → 1949-10-22T17:40:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 07:02–10:43 on the 22nd, 07:03–10:43 on the 23rd.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 221 of 221 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 221 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5937 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dyūta Pratipad, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 22 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dyuta-pratipad", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Dyūta Pratipad 1949 falls on Saturday 22 October. Pratipadā runs from 05:23 on Sat 22 Oct to 01:41 on Sun 23 Oct and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/dyuta-pratipad", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/yama-dvitiya", "festival": "yama-dvitiya", "name": "Yama Dvitīyā", "everyday": "Bhai Dooj", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33210, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1949-10-23T01:40:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T17:40:47Z", "ms": -637222752963.9336 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-23T22:11:07+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-23T14:11:07Z", "ms": -637148932813.4332 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-23T01:40:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T17:40:47Z", "ms": -637222752963.9336 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-23T22:11:07+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-23T14:11:07Z", "ms": -637148932813.4332 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-22T12:09:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T04:09:45Z", "ms": -637271414620.3684 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-22T12:57:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-22T04:57:45Z", "ms": -637268534620.3684 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-23T12:09:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-23T04:09:37Z", "ms": -637185023296.0786 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-23T12:57:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-23T04:57:37Z", "ms": -637182143296.0786 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 01:41 on Sun 23 Oct to 22:11 on Sun 23 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-22T17:40:47Z → 1949-10-23T14:11:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 22nd, 12:10–12:58 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 33210 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dvitīyā, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 23 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dvitiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Bhratrdvitiya, Yamadvitiya (madhyahna, purvaviddha), Masyadhara (Dwat) puja (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Yama Dvitīyā (Bhai Dooj) 1949 falls on Sunday 23 October. Dvitīyā runs from 01:41 on Sun 23 Oct to 22:11 on Sun 23 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/yama-dvitiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/naga-chaturthi", "festival": "naga-chaturthi", "name": "Nāga Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12613, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-24T19:03:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-24T11:03:39Z", "ms": -637073781162.0901 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-25T16:27:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-25T08:27:34Z", "ms": -636996745921.7582 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-24T19:03:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-24T11:03:39Z", "ms": -637073781162.0901 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-25T16:27:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-25T08:27:34Z", "ms": -636996745921.7582 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-24T12:09:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-24T04:09:29Z", "ms": -637098631289.5017 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-24T12:57:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-24T04:57:29Z", "ms": -637095751289.5017 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-25T12:09:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-25T04:09:21Z", "ms": -637012238590.5923 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-25T12:57:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-25T04:57:21Z", "ms": -637009358590.5923 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:04 on Mon 24 Oct to 16:28 on Tue 25 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-24T11:03:39Z → 1949-10-25T08:27:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 24th, 12:09–12:57 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 48 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12613 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 25 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Naga caturthi (paraviddha and madhyahnavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Nāga Caturthī 1949 falls on Tuesday 25 October. Caturthī runs from 19:04 on Mon 24 Oct to 16:28 on Tue 25 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/naga-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-10-25", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12613, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-24T19:03:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-24T11:03:39Z", "ms": -637073781162.0901 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-25T16:27:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-25T08:27:34Z", "ms": -636996745921.7582 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-24T19:03:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-24T11:03:39Z", "ms": -637073781162.0901 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-25T16:27:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-25T08:27:34Z", "ms": -636996745921.7582 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-24T12:09:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-24T04:09:29Z", "ms": -637098631289.5017 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-24T12:57:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-24T04:57:29Z", "ms": -637095751289.5017 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-25T12:09:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-25T04:09:21Z", "ms": -637012238590.5923 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-25T12:57:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-25T04:57:21Z", "ms": -637009358590.5923 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:04 on Mon 24 Oct to 16:28 on Tue 25 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-24T11:03:39Z → 1949-10-25T08:27:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 24th, 12:09–12:57 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 48 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12613 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 25 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1949 falls on Tuesday 25 October. Caturthī runs from 19:04 on Mon 24 Oct to 16:28 on Tue 25 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-10-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/surya-shashthi", "festival": "surya-shashthi", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī", "everyday": "Chhath", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1346, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-26T14:30:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-26T06:30:52Z", "ms": -636917348276.1589 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-27T13:19:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-27T05:19:35Z", "ms": -636835225135.9343 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-26T14:30:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-26T06:30:52Z", "ms": -636917348276.1589 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-27T13:19:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-27T05:19:35Z", "ms": -636835225135.9343 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-26T12:09:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-26T04:09:15Z", "ms": -636925845188.8691 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-26T12:57:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-26T04:57:15Z", "ms": -636922965188.8691 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-27T12:09:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-27T04:09:09Z", "ms": -636839451073.2659 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-27T12:57:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-27T04:57:09Z", "ms": -636836571073.2659 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 14:31 on Wed 26 Oct to 13:20 on Thu 27 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-26T06:30:52Z → 1949-10-27T05:19:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 26th, 12:09–12:57 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1346 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Nadi sasthi, Skanda sasthi (Madras), Surya sasthi, Chhat (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Chhath) 1949 falls on Thursday 27 October. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 14:31 on Wed 26 Oct to 13:20 on Thu 27 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/surya-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/gopashtami", "festival": "gopashtami", "name": "Gopāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-29", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-28T12:57:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-28T04:57:05Z", "ms": -636750175433.5503 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-29T13:23:20+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-29T05:23:20Z", "ms": -636662200005.6415 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-28T12:57:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-28T04:57:05Z", "ms": -636750175433.5503 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-29T13:23:20+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-29T05:23:20Z", "ms": -636662200005.6415 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-28T12:09:04+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-28T04:09:04Z", "ms": -636753056232.1743 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-28T12:57:04+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-28T04:57:04Z", "ms": -636750176232.1743 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-29T12:08:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-29T04:08:59Z", "ms": -636666660653.6 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-29T12:56:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-29T04:56:59Z", "ms": -636663780653.6 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 12:57 on Fri 28 Oct to 13:23 on Sat 29 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-28T04:57:05Z → 1949-10-29T05:23:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 28th, 12:09–12:57 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gopāṣṭamī, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gopashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-29", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-29", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Gopāṣṭamī 1949 falls on Saturday 29 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 12:57 on Fri 28 Oct to 13:23 on Sat 29 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It is 0 min 01 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/gopashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/akshaya-navami", "festival": "akshaya-navami", "name": "Akṣaya Navamī", "everyday": "Amla Navami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9516, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-29T13:23:20+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-29T05:23:20Z", "ms": -636662200005.6415 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-30T14:34:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-30T06:34:40Z", "ms": -636571520391.5237 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-29T13:23:20+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-29T05:23:20Z", "ms": -636662200005.6415 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-30T14:34:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-30T06:34:40Z", "ms": -636571520391.5237 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-29T07:08:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-28T23:08:15Z", "ms": -636684705393.4609 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-29T10:44:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-29T02:44:44Z", "ms": -636671715566.887 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 216, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-30T07:09:12+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-29T23:09:12Z", "ms": -636598248403.0212 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-30T10:45:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-30T02:45:01Z", "ms": -636585299017.9171 } }, "covered_min": 216, "window_min": 216, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 13:23 on Sat 29 Oct to 14:35 on Sun 30 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-29T05:23:20Z → 1949-10-30T06:34:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 07:08–10:45 on the 29th, 07:09–10:45 on the 30th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 216 minutes on the 29th and 216 of 216 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9516 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Navamī, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Akṣaya Navamī (Amla Navami) 1949 falls on Sunday 30 October. Navamī runs from 13:23 on Sat 29 Oct to 14:35 on Sun 30 Oct and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/akshaya-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/durga-navami", "festival": "durga-navami", "name": "Durgā Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1581, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-29T13:23:20+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-29T05:23:20Z", "ms": -636662200005.6415 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-30T14:34:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-30T06:34:40Z", "ms": -636571520391.5237 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-29T13:23:20+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-29T05:23:20Z", "ms": -636662200005.6415 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-30T14:34:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-30T06:34:40Z", "ms": -636571520391.5237 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-29T12:08:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-29T04:08:59Z", "ms": -636666660653.6 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-29T12:56:59+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-29T04:56:59Z", "ms": -636663780653.6 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-30T12:08:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-30T04:08:56Z", "ms": -636580264325.365 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-30T12:56:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-30T04:56:56Z", "ms": -636577384325.365 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 13:23 on Sat 29 Oct to 14:35 on Sun 30 Oct.", "fact": "1949-10-29T05:23:20Z → 1949-10-30T06:34:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 29th, 12:09–12:57 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1581 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Navamī, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Durgā Navamī 1949 falls on Sunday 30 October. Navamī runs from 13:23 on Sat 29 Oct to 14:35 on Sun 30 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/durga-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-11-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-11-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33228, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-10-31T16:23:57+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-31T08:23:57Z", "ms": -636478563121.0095 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-01T18:41:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-01T10:41:34Z", "ms": -636383905734.3596 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-10-31T16:23:57+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-31T08:23:57Z", "ms": -636478563121.0095 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-01T18:41:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-01T10:41:34Z", "ms": -636383905734.3596 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-10-31T07:10:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-30T23:10:09Z", "ms": -636511791117.866 }, "end": { "local": "1949-10-31T07:10:09+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-30T23:10:09Z", "ms": -636511791117.866 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-01T07:11:06+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-31T23:11:06Z", "ms": -636425333546.5708 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-01T07:11:06+08:00", "utc": "1949-10-31T23:11:06Z", "ms": -636425333546.5708 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:24 on Mon 31 Oct to 18:42 on Tue 1 Nov.", "fact": "1949-10-31T08:23:57Z → 1949-11-01T10:41:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:10 on the 31st and 07:11 on the 1st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 31st and is on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33228 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Tuesday 1 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Prabodhinī Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Tuesday 1 November. Ekādaśī runs from 16:24 on Mon 31 Oct to 18:42 on Tue 1 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-11-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-11-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5794, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-11-02T21:16:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-02T13:16:44Z", "ms": -636288195910.446 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-03T23:58:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-03T15:58:53Z", "ms": -636192066913.0059 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-11-02T21:16:44+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-02T13:16:44Z", "ms": -636288195910.446 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-03T23:58:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-03T15:58:53Z", "ms": -636192066913.0059 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-02T17:53:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-02T09:53:34Z", "ms": -636300385745.4236 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-02T19:40:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-02T11:40:10Z", "ms": -636293989990.4285 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-03T17:52:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-03T09:52:35Z", "ms": -636214044967.8098 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-03T19:39:26+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-03T11:39:26Z", "ms": -636207633533.6058 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 21:17 on Wed 2 Nov to 23:59 on Thu 3 Nov.", "fact": "1949-11-02T13:16:44Z → 1949-11-03T15:58:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:54–19:40 on the 2nd, 17:53–19:39 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 107 minutes on the 2nd and 107 of 107 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5794 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Thursday 3 November. Trayodaśī runs from 21:17 on Wed 2 Nov to 23:59 on Thu 3 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-11-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/kartiki-purnima", "festival": "kartiki-purnima", "name": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-11-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25192, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1949-11-05T02:38:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-04T18:38:47Z", "ms": -636096073208.8644 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-06T05:09:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-05T21:09:00Z", "ms": -636000659698.1705 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-11-05T02:38:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-04T18:38:47Z", "ms": -636096073208.8644 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-06T05:09:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-05T21:09:00Z", "ms": -636000659698.1705 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-05T12:08:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-05T04:08:50Z", "ms": -636061869948.2937 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-05T12:56:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-05T04:56:50Z", "ms": -636058989948.2937 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-06T12:08:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-06T04:08:52Z", "ms": -635975468047.4232 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-06T12:56:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-06T04:56:52Z", "ms": -635972588047.4232 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 02:39 on Sat 5 Nov to 05:09 on Sun 6 Nov.", "fact": "1949-11-04T18:38:47Z → 1949-11-05T21:09:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 5th, 12:09–12:57 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25192 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 5 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kartiki-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kārtikī Pūrṇimā 1949 falls on Saturday 5 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 02:39 on Sat 5 Nov to 05:09 on Sun 6 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/kartiki-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/rasayatra", "festival": "rasayatra", "name": "Rāsayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-11-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6089, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1949-11-05T02:38:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-04T18:38:47Z", "ms": -636096073208.8644 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-06T05:09:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-05T21:09:00Z", "ms": -636000659698.1705 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-11-05T02:38:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-04T18:38:47Z", "ms": -636096073208.8644 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-06T05:09:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-05T21:09:00Z", "ms": -636000659698.1705 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-05T00:09:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-04T16:09:18Z", "ms": -636105041712.8549 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-05T00:57:18+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-04T16:57:18Z", "ms": -636102161712.8549 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-06T00:09:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-05T16:09:19Z", "ms": -636018640524.2496 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-06T00:57:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-05T16:57:19Z", "ms": -636015760524.2496 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 02:39 on Sat 5 Nov to 05:09 on Sun 6 Nov.", "fact": "1949-11-04T18:38:47Z → 1949-11-05T21:09:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:09–00:57 on the 4th, 00:09–00:57 on the 5th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6089 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāsayātrā, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 5 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rasayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Rāsayātrā 1949 falls on Saturday 5 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 02:39 on Sat 5 Nov to 05:09 on Sun 6 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/rasayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-11-09", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-11-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31870, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-11-09T10:51:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-09T02:51:46Z", "ms": -635720894223.114 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-10T11:58:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-10T03:58:14Z", "ms": -635630505997.5299 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-11-09T10:51:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-09T02:51:46Z", "ms": -635720894223.114 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-10T11:58:14+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-10T03:58:14Z", "ms": -635630505997.5299 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-09T19:54:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-09T11:54:00Z", "ms": -635688359824.1947 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-09T19:54:00+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-09T11:54:00Z", "ms": -635688359824.1947 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-10T20:49:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-10T12:49:24Z", "ms": -635598635721.9297 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-10T20:49:24+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-10T12:49:24Z", "ms": -635598635721.9297 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 10:52 on Wed 9 Nov to 11:58 on Thu 10 Nov.", "fact": "1949-11-09T02:51:46Z → 1949-11-10T03:58:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:54 on the 9th and 20:49 on the 10th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 9th and is not on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31870 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 9 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1949 falls on Wednesday 9 November. Caturthī runs from 10:52 on Wed 9 Nov to 11:58 on Thu 10 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-11-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-11-16", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Utpannā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-11-16", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 80, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-11-16T07:24:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-15T23:24:35Z", "ms": -635128524839.4435 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-17T04:45:20+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-16T20:45:20Z", "ms": -635051679596.3739 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-11-16T07:24:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-15T23:24:35Z", "ms": -635128524839.4435 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-17T04:45:20+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-16T20:45:20Z", "ms": -635051679596.3739 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-11-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-16T07:25:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-15T23:25:56Z", "ms": -635128444419.3257 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-16T07:25:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-15T23:25:56Z", "ms": -635128444419.3257 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-11-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-17T07:26:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-16T23:26:56Z", "ms": -635041984328.7622 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-17T07:26:56+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-16T23:26:56Z", "ms": -635041984328.7622 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 07:25 on Wed 16 Nov to 04:45 on Thu 17 Nov.", "fact": "1949-11-15T23:24:35Z → 1949-11-16T20:45:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:26 on the 16th and 07:27 on the 17th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 16th and is not on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 80 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Utpannā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 16 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-16", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Utpannā Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Wednesday 16 November. Ekādaśī runs from 07:25 on Wed 16 Nov to 04:45 on Thu 17 Nov and is current at sunrise that day. It is 1 min 20 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-11-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-11-18", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-11-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10306, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-11-18T01:42:26+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-17T17:42:26Z", "ms": -634976253760.508 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-18T22:22:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-18T14:22:58Z", "ms": -634901821658.3651 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-11-18T01:42:26+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-17T17:42:26Z", "ms": -634976253760.508 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-18T22:22:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-18T14:22:58Z", "ms": -634901821658.3651 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-11-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-17T17:41:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-17T09:41:23Z", "ms": -635005116774.2279 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-17T19:31:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-17T11:31:36Z", "ms": -634998504444.2273 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-11-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-18T17:40:48+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-18T09:40:48Z", "ms": -634918752307.518 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-18T19:31:13+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-18T11:31:13Z", "ms": -634912127249.163 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 01:42 on Fri 18 Nov to 22:23 on Fri 18 Nov.", "fact": "1949-11-17T17:42:26Z → 1949-11-18T14:22:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:41–19:32 on the 17th, 17:41–19:31 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 110 minutes on the 17th and 110 of 110 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10306 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 18 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Friday 18 November. Trayodaśī runs from 01:42 on Fri 18 Nov to 22:23 on Fri 18 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-11-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-11-18", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-11-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6473, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-11-18T22:22:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-18T14:22:58Z", "ms": -634901821658.3651 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-19T18:55:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-19T10:55:22Z", "ms": -634827877813.5676 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-11-18T22:22:58+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-18T14:22:58Z", "ms": -634901821658.3651 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-19T18:55:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-19T10:55:22Z", "ms": -634827877813.5676 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-11-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-19T00:10:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-18T16:10:52Z", "ms": -634895348338.687 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-19T00:58:52+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-18T16:58:52Z", "ms": -634892468338.687 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-11-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-20T00:11:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-19T16:11:05Z", "ms": -634808935312.2245 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-20T00:59:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-19T16:59:05Z", "ms": -634806055312.2245 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:23 on Fri 18 Nov to 18:55 on Sat 19 Nov.", "fact": "1949-11-18T14:22:58Z → 1949-11-19T10:55:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:11–00:59 on the 18th, 00:11–00:59 on the 19th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6473 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 18 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1949 falls on Friday 18 November. Caturdaśī runs from 22:23 on Fri 18 Nov to 18:55 on Sat 19 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-11-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-11-23", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-11-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18701, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-11-23T06:59:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-22T22:59:54Z", "ms": -634525205581.8142 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-24T05:19:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-23T21:19:36Z", "ms": -634444824420.3014 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-11-23T06:59:54+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-22T22:59:54Z", "ms": -634525205581.8142 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-24T05:19:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-23T21:19:36Z", "ms": -634444824420.3014 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-23T12:11:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-23T04:11:35Z", "ms": -634506504583.1729 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-23T12:59:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-23T04:59:35Z", "ms": -634503624583.1729 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-24T12:11:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-24T04:11:53Z", "ms": -634420087445.1128 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-24T12:59:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-24T04:59:53Z", "ms": -634417207445.1128 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:00 on Wed 23 Nov to 05:20 on Thu 24 Nov.", "fact": "1949-11-22T22:59:54Z → 1949-11-23T21:19:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 23rd, 12:12–13:00 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18701 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Wednesday 23 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1949 falls on Wednesday 23 November. Caturthī runs from 07:00 on Wed 23 Nov to 05:20 on Thu 24 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-11-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "festival": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-11-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24737, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1949-11-24T05:19:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-23T21:19:36Z", "ms": -634444824420.3014 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-25T04:27:13+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-24T20:27:13Z", "ms": -634361566694.1914 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-11-24T05:19:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-23T21:19:36Z", "ms": -634444824420.3014 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-25T04:27:13+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-24T20:27:13Z", "ms": -634361566694.1914 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-24T12:11:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-24T04:11:53Z", "ms": -634420087445.1128 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-24T12:59:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-24T04:59:53Z", "ms": -634417207445.1128 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-11-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-25T12:12:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-25T04:12:10Z", "ms": -634333669545.5303 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-25T13:00:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-25T05:00:10Z", "ms": -634330789545.5303 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 05:20 on Thu 24 Nov to 04:27 on Fri 25 Nov.", "fact": "1949-11-23T21:19:36Z → 1949-11-24T20:27:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 24th, 12:12–13:00 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24737 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa), Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 24 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (2nd) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa) 1949 falls on Thursday 24 November. Pañcamī runs from 05:20 on Thu 24 Nov to 04:27 on Fri 25 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/champa-shashthi", "festival": "champa-shashthi", "name": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-11-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27897, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1949-11-25T04:27:13+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-24T20:27:13Z", "ms": -634361566694.1914 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-26T04:26:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-25T20:26:43Z", "ms": -634275197493.3987 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-11-25T04:27:13+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-24T20:27:13Z", "ms": -634361566694.1914 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-26T04:26:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-25T20:26:43Z", "ms": -634275197493.3987 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-11-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-25T12:12:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-25T04:12:10Z", "ms": -634333669545.5303 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-25T13:00:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-25T05:00:10Z", "ms": -634330789545.5303 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-11-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-26T12:12:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-26T04:12:29Z", "ms": -634247250900.2131 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-26T13:00:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-26T05:00:29Z", "ms": -634244370900.2131 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 04:27 on Fri 25 Nov to 04:27 on Sat 26 Nov.", "fact": "1949-11-24T20:27:13Z → 1949-11-25T20:26:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 25th, 12:12–13:00 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27897 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 25 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "champa-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Śatabhiṣaj nakṣatra, Vyatīpāta yoga and a Sunday; none is tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Campā Ṣaṣṭhī 1949 falls on Friday 25 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 04:27 on Fri 25 Nov to 04:27 on Sat 26 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/champa-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/skanda-shashthi", "festival": "skanda-shashthi", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-11-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27897, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1949-11-25T04:27:13+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-24T20:27:13Z", "ms": -634361566694.1914 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-26T04:26:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-25T20:26:43Z", "ms": -634275197493.3987 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-11-25T04:27:13+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-24T20:27:13Z", "ms": -634361566694.1914 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-26T04:26:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-25T20:26:43Z", "ms": -634275197493.3987 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-11-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-25T12:12:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-25T04:12:10Z", "ms": -634333669545.5303 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-25T13:00:10+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-25T05:00:10Z", "ms": -634330789545.5303 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-11-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-26T12:12:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-26T04:12:29Z", "ms": -634247250900.2131 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-26T13:00:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-26T05:00:29Z", "ms": -634244370900.2131 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 04:27 on Fri 25 Nov to 04:27 on Sat 26 Nov.", "fact": "1949-11-24T20:27:13Z → 1949-11-25T20:26:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 25th, 12:12–13:00 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 27897 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 25 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī 1949 falls on Friday 25 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 04:27 on Fri 25 Nov to 04:27 on Sat 26 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/skanda-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/mitra-saptami", "festival": "mitra-saptami", "name": "Mitra Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-11-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24903, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1949-11-26T04:26:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-25T20:26:43Z", "ms": -634275197493.3987 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-27T05:17:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-26T21:17:45Z", "ms": -634185734609.1033 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-11-26T04:26:43+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-25T20:26:43Z", "ms": -634275197493.3987 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-27T05:17:45+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-26T21:17:45Z", "ms": -634185734609.1033 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-11-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-26T12:12:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-26T04:12:29Z", "ms": -634247250900.2131 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-26T13:00:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-26T05:00:29Z", "ms": -634244370900.2131 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-11-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-27T12:12:48+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-27T04:12:48Z", "ms": -634160831525.0952 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-27T13:00:48+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-27T05:00:48Z", "ms": -634157951525.0952 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 04:27 on Sat 26 Nov to 05:18 on Sun 27 Nov.", "fact": "1949-11-25T20:26:43Z → 1949-11-26T21:17:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 26th, 12:13–13:01 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 24903 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mitra Saptamī, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 26 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mitra-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Mitra saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-11-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mitra Saptamī 1949 falls on Saturday 26 November. Saptamī runs from 04:27 on Sat 26 Nov to 05:18 on Sun 27 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/mitra-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-12-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-12-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14800, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-11-30T11:46:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-30T03:46:15Z", "ms": -633903224633.3853 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-01T14:31:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-01T06:31:55Z", "ms": -633806885011.5927 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-11-30T11:46:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-30T03:46:15Z", "ms": -633903224633.3853 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-01T14:31:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-01T06:31:55Z", "ms": -633806885011.5927 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-11-30T07:39:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-29T23:39:35Z", "ms": -633918024653.0442 }, "end": { "local": "1949-11-30T07:39:35+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-29T23:39:35Z", "ms": -633918024653.0442 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-01T07:40:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-30T23:40:31Z", "ms": -633831569465.6892 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-01T07:40:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-11-30T23:40:31Z", "ms": -633831569465.6892 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:46 on Wed 30 Nov to 14:32 on Thu 1 Dec.", "fact": "1949-11-30T03:46:15Z → 1949-12-01T06:31:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:40 on the 30th and 07:41 on the 1st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 30th and is on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14800 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Thursday 1 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Mokṣadā Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Thursday 1 December. Ekādaśī runs from 11:46 on Wed 30 Nov to 14:32 on Thu 1 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-12-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/akhanda-dvadashi", "festival": "akhanda-dvadashi", "name": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-12-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5382, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-12-01T14:31:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-01T06:31:55Z", "ms": -633806885011.5927 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-02T17:12:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-02T09:12:28Z", "ms": -633710851801.8031 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-12-01T14:31:55+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-01T06:31:55Z", "ms": -633806885011.5927 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-02T17:12:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-02T09:12:28Z", "ms": -633710851801.8031 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-01T12:14:13+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-01T04:14:13Z", "ms": -633815147059.2101 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-01T13:02:13+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-01T05:02:13Z", "ms": -633812267059.2101 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-02T12:14:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-02T04:14:36Z", "ms": -633728724289.4675 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-02T13:02:36+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-02T05:02:36Z", "ms": -633725844289.4675 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 14:32 on Thu 1 Dec to 17:12 on Fri 2 Dec.", "fact": "1949-12-01T06:31:55Z → 1949-12-02T09:12:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:14–13:02 on the 1st, 12:15–13:03 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5382 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 2 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akhanda-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Matsya dvadasi, Akhanda dvadasi (paraviddha), Vyanjana dvadasi & Dana dvadasi (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī 1949 falls on Friday 2 December. Dvādaśī runs from 14:32 on Thu 1 Dec to 17:12 on Fri 2 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/akhanda-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-12-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-12-03", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 506, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-12-02T17:12:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-02T09:12:28Z", "ms": -633710851801.8031 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-03T19:37:06+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-03T11:37:06Z", "ms": -633615774337.2198 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-12-02T17:12:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-02T09:12:28Z", "ms": -633710851801.8031 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-03T19:37:06+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-03T11:37:06Z", "ms": -633615774337.2198 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-02T17:35:46+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-02T09:35:46Z", "ms": -633709453609.5028 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-02T19:28:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-02T11:28:39Z", "ms": -633702681289.4617 } }, "covered_min": 113, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-12-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-03T17:35:39+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-03T09:35:39Z", "ms": -633623060582.5603 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-03T19:28:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-03T11:28:40Z", "ms": -633616280268.8619 } }, "covered_min": 113, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:12 on Fri 2 Dec to 19:37 on Sat 3 Dec.", "fact": "1949-12-02T09:12:28Z → 1949-12-03T11:37:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:36–19:29 on the 2nd, 17:36–19:29 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 113 of 113 minutes on the 2nd and 113 of 113 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 506 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 3 December.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-03", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-02", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Saturday 3 December. Trayodaśī runs from 17:12 on Fri 2 Dec to 19:37 on Sat 3 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 113 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-12-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/dattatreyotpatti", "festival": "dattatreyotpatti", "name": "Dattātreyotpatti", "everyday": "Datta Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-12-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7796, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1949-12-04T21:38:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-04T13:38:38Z", "ms": -633522082079.1898 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-05T23:13:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-05T15:13:28Z", "ms": -633429991507.295 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-12-04T21:38:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-04T13:38:38Z", "ms": -633522082079.1898 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-05T23:13:28+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-05T15:13:28Z", "ms": -633429991507.295 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-12-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-04T17:35:34+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-04T09:35:34Z", "ms": -633536665566.7997 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-04T19:28:42+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-04T11:28:42Z", "ms": -633529877634.7037 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-12-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-05T17:35:31+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-05T09:35:31Z", "ms": -633450268558.5057 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-05T19:28:47+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-05T11:28:47Z", "ms": -633443473389.7295 } }, "covered_min": 113, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 21:39 on Sun 4 Dec to 23:13 on Mon 5 Dec.", "fact": "1949-12-04T13:38:38Z → 1949-12-05T15:13:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:36–19:29 on the 4th, 17:36–19:29 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 113 minutes on the 4th and 113 of 113 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7796 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dattātreyotpatti, Qingyang, 1949: Monday 5 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dattatreyotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Dattatreyotpatti (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Dattātreyotpatti (Datta Jayanti) 1949 falls on Monday 5 December. Pūrṇimā runs from 21:39 on Sun 4 Dec to 23:13 on Mon 5 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/dattatreyotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-12-09", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-12-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15543, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-12-09T01:17:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-08T17:17:17Z", "ms": -633163363048.6205 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-10T01:09:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-09T17:09:40Z", "ms": -633077420352.3422 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-12-09T01:17:17+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-08T17:17:17Z", "ms": -633163363048.6205 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-10T01:09:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-09T17:09:40Z", "ms": -633077420352.3422 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-12-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-08T19:45:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-08T11:45:01Z", "ms": -633183298780.1267 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-08T19:45:01+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-08T11:45:01Z", "ms": -633183298780.1267 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-09T20:50:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-09T12:50:37Z", "ms": -633092963378.9913 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-09T20:50:37+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-09T12:50:37Z", "ms": -633092963378.9913 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:17 on Fri 9 Dec to 01:10 on Sat 10 Dec.", "fact": "1949-12-08T17:17:17Z → 1949-12-09T17:09:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:45 on the 8th and 20:51 on the 9th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 8th and is on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15543 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 9 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1949 falls on Friday 9 December. Caturthī runs from 01:17 on Fri 9 Dec to 01:10 on Sat 10 Dec and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1949-12-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-12-16", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-12-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22338, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-12-15T16:40:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-15T08:40:15Z", "ms": -632589585240.1295 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-16T14:04:48+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-16T06:04:48Z", "ms": -632512511708.3964 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-12-15T16:40:15+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-15T08:40:15Z", "ms": -632589585240.1295 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-16T14:04:48+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-16T06:04:48Z", "ms": -632512511708.3964 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-15T07:51:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-14T23:51:50Z", "ms": -632621289852.767 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-15T07:51:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-14T23:51:50Z", "ms": -632621289852.767 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-12-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-16T07:52:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-15T23:52:30Z", "ms": -632534849767.841 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-16T07:52:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-15T23:52:30Z", "ms": -632534849767.841 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:40 on Thu 15 Dec to 14:05 on Fri 16 Dec.", "fact": "1949-12-15T08:40:15Z → 1949-12-16T06:04:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:52 on the 15th and 07:53 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 15th and is on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22338 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 16 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Saphalā Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Friday 16 December. Ekādaśī runs from 16:40 on Thu 15 Dec to 14:05 on Fri 16 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-12-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-12-17", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-12-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22812, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-12-17T11:17:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-17T03:17:19Z", "ms": -632436161431.1394 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-18T08:24:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-18T00:24:22Z", "ms": -632360137508.2638 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-12-17T11:17:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-17T03:17:19Z", "ms": -632436161431.1394 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-18T08:24:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-18T00:24:22Z", "ms": -632360137508.2638 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-12-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-17T17:37:30+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-17T09:37:30Z", "ms": -632413349898.6865 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-17T19:31:40+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-17T11:31:40Z", "ms": -632406499747.9696 } }, "covered_min": 114, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1949-12-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-18T17:37:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-18T09:37:53Z", "ms": -632326927457.5625 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-18T19:32:04+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-18T11:32:04Z", "ms": -632320075522.8887 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 11:17 on Sat 17 Dec to 08:24 on Sun 18 Dec.", "fact": "1949-12-17T03:17:19Z → 1949-12-18T00:24:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:38–19:32 on the 17th, 17:38–19:32 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 114 of 114 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 114 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22812 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 17 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1949 falls on Saturday 17 December. Trayodaśī runs from 11:17 on Sat 17 Dec to 08:24 on Sun 18 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/pradosha-vrata?on=1949-12-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-12-18", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-12-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15837, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-12-18T08:24:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-18T00:24:22Z", "ms": -632360137508.2638 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-19T05:34:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-18T21:34:05Z", "ms": -632283955324.5862 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-12-18T08:24:22+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-18T00:24:22Z", "ms": -632360137508.2638 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-19T05:34:05+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-18T21:34:05Z", "ms": -632283955324.5862 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-12-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-18T00:21:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-17T16:21:38Z", "ms": -632389101833.4982 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-18T01:09:38+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-17T17:09:38Z", "ms": -632386221833.4982 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-12-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-19T00:22:07+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-18T16:22:07Z", "ms": -632302672702.5356 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-19T01:10:07+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-18T17:10:07Z", "ms": -632299792702.5356 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 08:24 on Sun 18 Dec to 05:34 on Mon 19 Dec.", "fact": "1949-12-18T00:24:22Z → 1949-12-18T21:34:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:22–01:10 on the 17th, 00:22–01:10 on the 18th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 48 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15837 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Qingyang, 1949: Sunday 18 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Śivarātri 1949 falls on Sunday 18 December. Caturdaśī runs from 08:24 on Sun 18 Dec to 05:34 on Mon 19 Dec and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/shivaratri?on=1949-12-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-12-23", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-12-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29755, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1949-12-22T21:47:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-22T13:47:19Z", "ms": -631966360810.5333 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-23T21:28:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-23T13:28:16Z", "ms": -631881104380.2039 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-12-22T21:47:19+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-22T13:47:19Z", "ms": -631966360810.5333 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-23T21:28:16+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-23T13:28:16Z", "ms": -631881104380.2039 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-12-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-22T12:23:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-22T04:23:50Z", "ms": -632000169757.9729 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-22T13:11:50+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-22T05:11:50Z", "ms": -631997289757.9729 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-12-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-23T12:24:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-23T04:24:21Z", "ms": -631913739395.3064 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-23T13:12:21+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-23T05:12:21Z", "ms": -631910859395.3064 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:47 on Thu 22 Dec to 21:28 on Fri 23 Dec.", "fact": "1949-12-22T13:47:19Z → 1949-12-23T13:28:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:24–13:12 on the 22nd, 12:24–13:12 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29755 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Qingyang, 1949: Friday 23 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Vināyaka Caturthī 1949 falls on Friday 23 December. Caturthī runs from 21:47 on Thu 22 Dec to 21:28 on Fri 23 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1949-12-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-12-31", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "12359313", "year": 1949, "local_date": "1949-12-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4522, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1949-12-30T09:14:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-30T01:14:29Z", "ms": -631320330724.8546 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-31T11:37:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-31T03:37:53Z", "ms": -631225327198.4084 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1949-12-30T09:14:29+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-30T01:14:29Z", "ms": -631320330724.8546 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-31T11:37:53+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-31T03:37:53Z", "ms": -631225327198.4084 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1949-12-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-30T07:59:07+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-29T23:59:07Z", "ms": -631324852659.1799 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-30T07:59:07+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-29T23:59:07Z", "ms": -631324852659.1799 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1949-12-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1949-12-31T07:59:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-30T23:59:23Z", "ms": -631238437451.9448 }, "end": { "local": "1949-12-31T07:59:23+08:00", "utc": "1949-12-30T23:59:23Z", "ms": -631238437451.9448 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 09:14 on Fri 30 Dec to 11:38 on Sat 31 Dec.", "fact": "1949-12-30T01:14:29Z → 1949-12-31T03:37:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:59 on the 30th and 07:59 on the 31st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 30th and is on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4522 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Qingyang, 1949: Saturday 31 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1949-12-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Qingyang, Putradā Ekādaśī 1949 falls on Saturday 31 December. Ekādaśī runs from 09:14 on Fri 30 Dec to 11:38 on Sat 31 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/qingyang/festivals/1949/ekadashi?on=1949-12-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } } ], "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }