{ "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948", "place": { "id": "124665", "slug": "mashhad", "name": "Mashhad", "region": "Razavi Khorasan, Iran", "country": "IR", "lat": 36.29807, "lon": 59.60567, "elevation_m": 980, "tz": "Asia/Tehran" }, "year": 1948, "tradition": "smarta", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "rulings": [ { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-01-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-01-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11543, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-01-06T02:32:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-05T23:02:15Z", "ms": -693881865441.7511 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-07T03:31:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-07T00:01:34Z", "ms": -693791906087.88 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-01-06T02:32:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-05T23:02:15Z", "ms": -693881865441.7511 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-07T03:31:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-07T00:01:34Z", "ms": -693791906087.88 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-01-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-06T06:43:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-06T03:13:54Z", "ms": -693866765632.0388 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-06T06:43:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-06T03:13:54Z", "ms": -693866765632.0388 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-01-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-07T06:43:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-07T03:13:56Z", "ms": -693780363560.8564 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-07T06:43:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-07T03:13:56Z", "ms": -693780363560.8564 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 02:32 on Tue 6 Jan to 03:32 on Wed 7 Jan.", "fact": "1948-01-05T23:02:15Z → 1948-01-07T00:01:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:44 on the 6th and 06:44 on the 7th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 6th and is not on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11543 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 6 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Saphalā Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Tuesday 6 January. Ekādaśī runs from 02:32 on Tue 6 Jan to 03:32 on Wed 7 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-01-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-01-08", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-01-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35062, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-01-08T04:59:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-08T01:29:00Z", "ms": -693700259834.8125 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-09T06:48:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-09T03:18:39Z", "ms": -693607281296.5378 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-01-08T04:59:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-08T01:29:00Z", "ms": -693700259834.8125 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-09T06:48:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-09T03:18:39Z", "ms": -693607281296.5378 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-01-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-08T16:32:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-08T13:02:07Z", "ms": -693658673198.0024 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-08T18:25:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-08T14:55:41Z", "ms": -693651858819.4287 } }, "covered_min": 114, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-01-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-09T16:33:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-09T13:03:01Z", "ms": -693572219231.4833 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-09T18:26:27+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-09T14:56:27Z", "ms": -693565412565.9706 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 04:59 on Thu 8 Jan to 06:49 on Fri 9 Jan.", "fact": "1948-01-08T01:29:00Z → 1948-01-09T03:18:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:32–18:26 on the 8th, 16:33–18:26 on the 9th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 114 of 114 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 113 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35062 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 8 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Thursday 8 January. Trayodaśī runs from 04:59 on Thu 8 Jan to 06:49 on Fri 9 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-01-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-01-09", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-01-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24398, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-01-09T06:48:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-09T03:18:39Z", "ms": -693607281296.5378 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-10T08:55:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-10T05:25:16Z", "ms": -693513283629.3146 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-01-09T06:48:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-09T03:18:39Z", "ms": -693607281296.5378 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-10T08:55:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-10T05:25:16Z", "ms": -693513283629.3146 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-01-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-08T23:14:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-08T19:44:01Z", "ms": -693634559278.3511 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-09T00:02:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-08T20:32:01Z", "ms": -693631679278.3511 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-01-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-09T23:14:26+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-09T19:44:26Z", "ms": -693548134235.8105 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-10T00:02:26+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-09T20:32:26Z", "ms": -693545254235.8105 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 06:49 on Fri 9 Jan to 08:55 on Sat 10 Jan.", "fact": "1948-01-09T03:18:39Z → 1948-01-10T05:25:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:14–00:02 on the 8th, 23:14–00:02 on the 9th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24398 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 9 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śivarātri 1948 falls on Friday 9 January. Caturdaśī runs from 06:49 on Fri 9 Jan to 08:55 on Sat 10 Jan and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-01-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/bhogi", "festival": "bhogi", "name": "Bhogi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13591, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1948-01-14T12:51:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T09:21:13Z", "ms": -693153526908.2714 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-13T01:49:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-12T22:19:01Z", "ms": -690601258691.5675 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1948-01-14T12:51:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T09:21:13Z", "ms": -693153526908.2714 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-14T12:51:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T09:21:13Z", "ms": -693153526908.2714 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-13T16:36:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-13T13:06:46Z", "ms": -693226394382.3519 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-14T16:37:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T13:07:44Z", "ms": -693139936194.2312 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-14T16:37:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T13:07:44Z", "ms": -693139936194.2312 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-15T16:38:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-15T13:08:43Z", "ms": -693053477321.9606 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1948-01-14", "days": -1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 12:51 on Wed 14 Jan.", "fact": "1948-01-14T09:21:13Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 16:38, and the day of the 15th ends at 16:39.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 13591 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Bhogi is kept the day before Pongal: Wednesday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal − 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhogi, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "bhogi", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": -1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1948-01-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1948-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Bhogi 1948 falls on Tuesday 13 January. It is kept the day before Pongal, which falls on Wednesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 12:51 on Wed 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/bhogi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pongal", "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13591, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1948-01-14T12:51:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T09:21:13Z", "ms": -693153526908.2714 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-13T01:49:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-12T22:19:01Z", "ms": -690601258691.5675 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1948-01-14T12:51:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T09:21:13Z", "ms": -693153526908.2714 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-14T12:51:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T09:21:13Z", "ms": -693153526908.2714 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-13T16:36:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-13T13:06:46Z", "ms": -693226394382.3519 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-14T16:37:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T13:07:44Z", "ms": -693139936194.2312 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-14T16:37:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T13:07:44Z", "ms": -693139936194.2312 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-15T16:38:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-15T13:08:43Z", "ms": -693053477321.9606 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 12:51 on Wed 14 Jan.", "fact": "1948-01-14T09:21:13Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 16:38, and the day of the 15th ends at 16:39.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 13591 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pongal, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "pongal", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The rule that heads the solar festivals, the day \"taken to begin from midnight\" (p. 106), is not applied to Pongal. It is kept on the first day of the month of Makara as the Tamil districts count it, a transit after sunset going to the next day (p. 244); the Rashtriya Panchang prints Pongal so.", "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1948-01-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1948-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Pongal 1948 falls on Wednesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 12:51 on Wed 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/makara-sankranti", "festival": "makara-sankranti", "name": "Makara Saṅkrānti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 40127, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1948-01-14T12:51:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T09:21:13Z", "ms": -693153526908.2714 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-13T01:49:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-12T22:19:01Z", "ms": -690601258691.5675 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1948-01-14T12:51:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T09:21:13Z", "ms": -693153526908.2714 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-14T12:51:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T09:21:13Z", "ms": -693153526908.2714 } }, "kaala": "civil-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-14T00:00:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-13T20:30:00Z", "ms": -693199800000 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-15T00:00:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T20:30:00Z", "ms": -693113400000 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-15T00:00:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T20:30:00Z", "ms": -693113400000 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-16T00:00:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-15T20:30:00Z", "ms": -693027000000 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 12:51 on Wed 14 Jan.", "fact": "1948-01-14T09:21:13Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Mashhad.", "fact": "civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · Asia/Tehran" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 14th, not the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 40127 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Makara Saṅkrānti, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "makara-sankranti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "midnight" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1948-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1948-01-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Makara Saṅkrānti 1948 falls on Wednesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 12:51 on Wed 14 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/makara-sankranti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/mattu-pongal", "festival": "mattu-pongal", "name": "Mattu Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13591, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1948-01-14T12:51:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T09:21:13Z", "ms": -693153526908.2714 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-13T01:49:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-12T22:19:01Z", "ms": -690601258691.5675 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1948-01-14T12:51:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T09:21:13Z", "ms": -693153526908.2714 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-14T12:51:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T09:21:13Z", "ms": -693153526908.2714 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-13T16:36:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-13T13:06:46Z", "ms": -693226394382.3519 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-14T16:37:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T13:07:44Z", "ms": -693139936194.2312 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-14T16:37:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T13:07:44Z", "ms": -693139936194.2312 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-15T16:38:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-15T13:08:43Z", "ms": -693053477321.9606 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1948-01-14", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 12:51 on Wed 14 Jan.", "fact": "1948-01-14T09:21:13Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 16:38, and the day of the 15th ends at 16:39.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 13591 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Mattu Pongal is kept the day after Pongal: Wednesday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mattu Pongal, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "mattu-pongal", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1948-01-15", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1948-01-15", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Mattu Pongal 1948 falls on Thursday 15 January. It is kept the day after Pongal, which falls on Wednesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 12:51 on Wed 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/mattu-pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-01-15", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24348, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-01-14T18:50:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T15:20:17Z", "ms": -693131982674.4595 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-15T21:18:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-15T17:48:20Z", "ms": -693036700014.476 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-01-14T18:50:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T15:20:17Z", "ms": -693131982674.4595 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-15T21:18:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-15T17:48:20Z", "ms": -693036700014.476 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-14T11:16:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T07:46:30Z", "ms": -693159210452.4773 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-14T12:04:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-14T08:34:30Z", "ms": -693156330452.4773 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-15T11:16:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-15T07:46:52Z", "ms": -693072787940.1482 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-15T12:04:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-15T08:34:52Z", "ms": -693069907940.1482 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 18:50 on Wed 14 Jan to 21:18 on Thu 15 Jan.", "fact": "1948-01-14T15:20:17Z → 1948-01-15T17:48:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:16–12:04 on the 14th, 11:17–12:05 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24348 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vināyaka Caturthī 1948 falls on Thursday 15 January. Caturthī runs from 18:50 on Wed 14 Jan to 21:18 on Thu 15 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-01-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-01-22", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-01-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17074, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-01-22T01:55:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-21T22:25:56Z", "ms": -692501644368.5321 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-23T00:03:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-22T20:33:03Z", "ms": -692422016648.6527 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-01-22T01:55:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-21T22:25:56Z", "ms": -692501644368.5321 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-23T00:03:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-22T20:33:03Z", "ms": -692422016648.6527 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-01-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-22T06:40:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-22T03:10:30Z", "ms": -692484570378.4199 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-22T06:40:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-22T03:10:30Z", "ms": -692484570378.4199 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-01-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-23T06:40:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-23T03:10:00Z", "ms": -692398199728.9623 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-23T06:40:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-23T03:10:00Z", "ms": -692398199728.9623 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 01:56 on Thu 22 Jan to 00:03 on Fri 23 Jan.", "fact": "1948-01-21T22:25:56Z → 1948-01-22T20:33:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:40 on the 22nd and 06:40 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 22nd and is not on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17074 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 22 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Putradā Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Thursday 22 January. Ekādaśī runs from 01:56 on Thu 22 Jan to 00:03 on Fri 23 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-01-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-01-24", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-01-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1494, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-01-23T21:26:24+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-23T17:56:24Z", "ms": -692345015678.3823 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-24T18:13:49+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-24T14:43:49Z", "ms": -692270171074.9586 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-01-23T21:26:24+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-23T17:56:24Z", "ms": -692345015678.3823 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-24T18:13:49+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-24T14:43:49Z", "ms": -692270171074.9586 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-01-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-23T16:46:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-23T13:16:52Z", "ms": -692361787682.65 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-23T18:37:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-23T15:07:53Z", "ms": -692355126782.742 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-01-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-24T16:47:55+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-24T13:17:55Z", "ms": -692275324831.8695 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-24T18:38:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-24T15:08:43Z", "ms": -692268676716.3846 } }, "covered_min": 86, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 21:26 on Fri 23 Jan to 18:14 on Sat 24 Jan.", "fact": "1948-01-23T17:56:24Z → 1948-01-24T14:43:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:47–18:38 on the 23rd, 16:48–18:39 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 111 minutes on the 23rd and 86 of 111 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1494 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 24 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Saturday 24 January. Trayodaśī runs from 21:26 on Fri 23 Jan to 18:14 on Sat 24 Jan and covers 86 of 111 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-01-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-01-28", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-01-28", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 682, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-01-28T23:28:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-28T19:58:21Z", "ms": -691905698583.0115 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-29T20:31:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-29T17:01:20Z", "ms": -691829920417.506 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-01-28T23:28:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-28T19:58:21Z", "ms": -691905698583.0115 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-29T20:31:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-29T17:01:20Z", "ms": -691829920417.506 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-01-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-28T19:30:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-28T16:00:28Z", "ms": -691919971867.6508 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-28T19:30:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-28T16:00:28Z", "ms": -691919971867.6508 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-01-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-01-29T20:42:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-29T17:12:41Z", "ms": -691829238824.3011 }, "end": { "local": "1948-01-29T20:42:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-01-29T17:12:41Z", "ms": -691829238824.3011 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 23:28 on Wed 28 Jan to 20:31 on Thu 29 Jan.", "fact": "1948-01-28T19:58:21Z → 1948-01-29T17:01:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:30 on the 28th and 20:43 on the 29th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 28th and is not on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 682 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 28 January.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-28", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-01-28", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1948 falls on Wednesday 28 January. Caturthī runs from 23:28 on Wed 28 Jan to 20:31 on Thu 29 Jan, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-01-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-02-05", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-02-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35520, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-02-04T18:37:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-04T15:07:47Z", "ms": -691318332965.5555 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-05T20:38:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-05T17:08:07Z", "ms": -691224713071.0094 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-02-04T18:37:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-04T15:07:47Z", "ms": -691318332965.5555 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-05T20:38:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-05T17:08:07Z", "ms": -691224713071.0094 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-02-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-05T06:31:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-05T03:01:00Z", "ms": -691275540010.7433 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-05T06:31:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-05T03:01:00Z", "ms": -691275540010.7433 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-06T06:30:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-06T03:00:07Z", "ms": -691189192802.7766 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-06T06:30:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-06T03:00:07Z", "ms": -691189192802.7766 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:38 on Wed 4 Feb to 20:38 on Thu 5 Feb.", "fact": "1948-02-04T15:07:47Z → 1948-02-05T17:08:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:31 on the 5th and 06:30 on the 6th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 5th and is not on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35520 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 5 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Thursday 5 February. Ekādaśī runs from 18:38 on Wed 4 Feb to 20:38 on Thu 5 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-02-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-02-07", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-02-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14877, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-02-06T22:57:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-06T19:27:19Z", "ms": -691129960803.0366 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-08T01:26:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-07T21:56:52Z", "ms": -691034588326.7246 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-02-06T22:57:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-06T19:27:19Z", "ms": -691129960803.0366 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-08T01:26:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-07T21:56:52Z", "ms": -691034588326.7246 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-06T17:01:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-06T13:31:42Z", "ms": -691151297629.9742 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-06T18:49:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-06T15:19:22Z", "ms": -691144837553.8425 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-07T17:02:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-07T13:32:46Z", "ms": -691064834221.1052 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-07T18:50:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-07T15:20:10Z", "ms": -691058390025.0883 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:57 on Fri 6 Feb to 01:27 on Sun 8 Feb.", "fact": "1948-02-06T19:27:19Z → 1948-02-07T21:56:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:02–18:49 on the 6th, 17:03–18:50 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 108 minutes on the 6th and 107 of 107 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14877 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 7 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Saturday 7 February. Trayodaśī runs from 22:57 on Fri 6 Feb to 01:27 on Sun 8 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-02-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/yama-tarpana", "festival": "yama-tarpana", "name": "Yama Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-02-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2412, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-02-08T01:26:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-07T21:56:52Z", "ms": -691034588326.7246 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-09T04:00:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-09T00:30:00Z", "ms": -690939000088.0969 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-02-08T01:26:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-07T21:56:52Z", "ms": -691034588326.7246 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-09T04:00:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-09T00:30:00Z", "ms": -690939000088.0969 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-02-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-08T04:40:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-08T01:10:53Z", "ms": -691022946946.9951 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-08T06:28:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-08T02:58:17Z", "ms": -691016502750.9781 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-02-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-09T04:40:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-09T01:10:12Z", "ms": -690936588000.7092 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-09T06:27:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-09T02:57:20Z", "ms": -690930159850.1842 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 01:27 on Sun 8 Feb to 04:00 on Mon 9 Feb.", "fact": "1948-02-07T21:56:52Z → 1948-02-09T00:30:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 04:41–06:28 on the 8th, 04:40–06:27 on the 9th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 107 of 107 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 107 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2412 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Tarpaṇa, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 8 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Yama tarpana (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Yama Tarpaṇa 1948 falls on Sunday 8 February. Caturdaśī runs from 01:27 on Sun 8 Feb to 04:00 on Mon 9 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/yama-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-02-08", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-02-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4640, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-02-08T01:26:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-07T21:56:52Z", "ms": -691034588326.7246 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-09T04:00:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-09T00:30:00Z", "ms": -690939000088.0969 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-02-08T01:26:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-07T21:56:52Z", "ms": -691034588326.7246 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-09T04:00:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-09T00:30:00Z", "ms": -690939000088.0969 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-07T23:21:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-07T19:51:32Z", "ms": -691042108486.0417 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-08T00:09:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-07T20:39:32Z", "ms": -691039228486.0417 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-02-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-08T23:21:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-08T19:51:35Z", "ms": -690955705414.6532 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-09T00:09:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-08T20:39:35Z", "ms": -690952825414.6532 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 01:27 on Sun 8 Feb to 04:00 on Mon 9 Feb.", "fact": "1948-02-07T21:56:52Z → 1948-02-09T00:30:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:22–00:10 on the 7th, 23:22–00:10 on the 8th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4640 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 8 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śivarātri 1948 falls on Sunday 8 February. Caturdaśī runs from 01:27 on Sun 8 Feb to 04:00 on Mon 9 Feb and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-02-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/tila-chaturthi", "festival": "tila-chaturthi", "name": "Tila Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-02-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7285, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-02-13T13:21:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-13T09:51:34Z", "ms": -690559706063.9191 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-14T15:08:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-14T11:38:39Z", "ms": -690466881088.0269 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-02-13T13:21:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-13T09:51:34Z", "ms": -690559706063.9191 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-14T15:08:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-14T11:38:39Z", "ms": -690466881088.0269 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-02-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-13T17:09:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-13T13:39:02Z", "ms": -690546058043.7301 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-13T18:54:48+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-13T15:24:48Z", "ms": -690539712362.9783 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-14T17:10:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-14T13:40:04Z", "ms": -690459596245.9523 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-14T18:55:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-14T15:25:33Z", "ms": -690453267462.0032 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:22 on Fri 13 Feb to 15:09 on Sat 14 Feb.", "fact": "1948-02-13T09:51:34Z → 1948-02-14T11:38:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:09–18:55 on the 13th, 17:10–18:56 on the 14th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 106 of 106 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 105 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7285 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Tila Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 13 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "tila-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Tila Caturthī 1948 falls on Friday 13 February. Caturthī runs from 13:22 on Fri 13 Feb to 15:09 on Sat 14 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/tila-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ganesha-jayanti", "festival": "ganesha-jayanti", "name": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī", "everyday": "Maghi Ganesh Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-02-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4284, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-02-13T13:21:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-13T09:51:34Z", "ms": -690559706063.9191 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-14T15:08:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-14T11:38:39Z", "ms": -690466881088.0269 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-02-13T13:21:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-13T09:51:34Z", "ms": -690559706063.9191 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-14T15:08:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-14T11:38:39Z", "ms": -690466881088.0269 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-02-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-13T11:22:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-13T07:52:10Z", "ms": -690566869891.7991 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-13T12:10:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-13T08:40:10Z", "ms": -690563989891.7991 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-14T11:22:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-14T07:52:09Z", "ms": -690480470842.0217 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-14T12:10:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-14T08:40:09Z", "ms": -690477590842.0217 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:22 on Fri 13 Feb to 15:09 on Sat 14 Feb.", "fact": "1948-02-13T09:51:34Z → 1948-02-14T11:38:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:22–12:10 on the 13th, 11:22–12:10 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 4284 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 14 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Gaṇeśa Jayantī (Maghi Ganesh Jayanti) 1948 falls on Saturday 14 February. Caturthī runs from 13:22 on Fri 13 Feb to 15:09 on Sat 14 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ganesha-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shri-panchami", "festival": "shri-panchami", "name": "Śrī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-02-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10710, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1948-02-14T15:08:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-14T11:38:39Z", "ms": -690466881088.0269 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-15T16:31:08+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-15T13:01:08Z", "ms": -690375531541.1937 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-02-14T15:08:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-14T11:38:39Z", "ms": -690466881088.0269 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-15T16:31:08+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-15T13:01:08Z", "ms": -690375531541.1937 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-14T11:22:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-14T07:52:09Z", "ms": -690480470842.0217 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-14T12:10:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-14T08:40:09Z", "ms": -690477590842.0217 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-02-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-15T11:22:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-15T07:52:07Z", "ms": -690394072557.6781 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-15T12:10:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-15T08:40:07Z", "ms": -690391192557.6781 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 15:09 on Sat 14 Feb to 16:31 on Sun 15 Feb.", "fact": "1948-02-14T11:38:39Z → 1948-02-15T13:01:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:22–12:10 on the 14th, 11:22–12:10 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 10710 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Pañcamī, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 15 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śrī Pañcamī 1948 falls on Sunday 15 February. Pañcamī runs from 15:09 on Sat 14 Feb to 16:31 on Sun 15 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shri-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vasanta-panchami", "festival": "vasanta-panchami", "name": "Vasanta Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-02-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10710, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1948-02-14T15:08:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-14T11:38:39Z", "ms": -690466881088.0269 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-15T16:31:08+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-15T13:01:08Z", "ms": -690375531541.1937 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-02-14T15:08:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-14T11:38:39Z", "ms": -690466881088.0269 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-15T16:31:08+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-15T13:01:08Z", "ms": -690375531541.1937 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-14T11:22:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-14T07:52:09Z", "ms": -690480470842.0217 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-14T12:10:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-14T08:40:09Z", "ms": -690477590842.0217 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-02-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-15T11:22:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-15T07:52:07Z", "ms": -690394072557.6781 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-15T12:10:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-15T08:40:07Z", "ms": -690391192557.6781 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 15:09 on Sat 14 Feb to 16:31 on Sun 15 Feb.", "fact": "1948-02-14T11:38:39Z → 1948-02-15T13:01:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:22–12:10 on the 14th, 11:22–12:10 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10710 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasanta Pañcamī, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 15 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasanta-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vasanta Pañcamī 1948 falls on Sunday 15 February. Pañcamī runs from 15:09 on Sat 14 Feb to 16:31 on Sun 15 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vasanta-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ratha-saptami", "festival": "ratha-saptami", "name": "Ratha Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-02-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39513, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1948-02-16T17:21:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-16T13:51:59Z", "ms": -690286081137.6138 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-17T17:34:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-17T14:04:37Z", "ms": -690198922655.8552 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-02-16T17:21:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-16T13:51:59Z", "ms": -690286081137.6138 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-17T17:34:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-17T14:04:37Z", "ms": -690198922655.8552 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-02-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-17T04:34:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-17T01:04:02Z", "ms": -690245758425.3711 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-17T06:18:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-17T02:48:56Z", "ms": -690239463788.3579 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-02-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-18T04:33:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-18T01:03:10Z", "ms": -690159409617.0118 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-18T06:17:48+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-18T02:47:48Z", "ms": -690153132218.3826 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 17:22 on Mon 16 Feb to 17:35 on Tue 17 Feb.", "fact": "1948-02-16T13:51:59Z → 1948-02-17T14:04:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 04:34–06:19 on the 17th, 04:33–06:18 on the 18th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 105 of 105 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 105 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 39513 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ratha Saptamī, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 17 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ratha-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Ratha saptami (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise), Acala saptami, Vidhana saptami, Arogya saptami [purvaviddha]." } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Ratha Saptamī 1948 falls on Tuesday 17 February. Saptamī runs from 17:22 on Mon 16 Feb to 17:35 on Tue 17 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ratha-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-02-21", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Jayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-02-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17775, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-02-20T13:49:29+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-20T10:19:29Z", "ms": -689953230593.5507 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-21T11:10:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-21T07:40:31Z", "ms": -689876368892.9933 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-02-20T13:49:29+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-20T10:19:29Z", "ms": -689953230593.5507 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-21T11:10:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-21T07:40:31Z", "ms": -689876368892.9933 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-02-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-20T06:15:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-20T02:45:28Z", "ms": -689980472351.7693 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-20T06:15:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-20T02:45:28Z", "ms": -689980472351.7693 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-02-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-21T06:14:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-21T02:44:16Z", "ms": -689894143986.8594 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-21T06:14:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-21T02:44:16Z", "ms": -689894143986.8594 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:49 on Fri 20 Feb to 11:11 on Sat 21 Feb.", "fact": "1948-02-20T10:19:29Z → 1948-02-21T07:40:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:15 on the 20th and 06:14 on the 21st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 20th and is on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17775 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jayā Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 21 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Jayā Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Saturday 21 February. Ekādaśī runs from 13:49 on Fri 20 Feb to 11:11 on Sat 21 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-02-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/bhishma-dvadashi", "festival": "bhishma-dvadashi", "name": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-02-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 671, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-02-21T11:10:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-21T07:40:31Z", "ms": -689876368892.9933 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-22T07:58:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-22T04:28:56Z", "ms": -689801464365.2675 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-02-21T11:10:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-21T07:40:31Z", "ms": -689876368892.9933 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-22T07:58:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-22T04:28:56Z", "ms": -689801464365.2675 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-02-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-21T11:21:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-21T07:51:42Z", "ms": -689875698338.7002 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-21T12:09:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-21T08:39:42Z", "ms": -689872818338.7002 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-02-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-22T11:21:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-22T07:51:35Z", "ms": -689789305090.9912 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-22T12:09:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-22T08:39:35Z", "ms": -689786425090.9912 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 11:11 on Sat 21 Feb to 07:59 on Sun 22 Feb.", "fact": "1948-02-21T07:40:31Z → 1948-02-22T04:28:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:22–12:10 on the 21st, 11:22–12:10 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 671 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 21 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhishma-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Bhisma dvadasi (purvaviddha), Amalaki dvadasi, Santana dvadasi, Varaha dvadasi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Bhīṣma Dvādaśī 1948 falls on Saturday 21 February. Dvādaśī runs from 11:11 on Sat 21 Feb to 07:59 on Sun 22 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/bhishma-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-02-22", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-02-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33551, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-02-22T07:58:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-22T04:28:56Z", "ms": -689801464365.2675 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-23T04:23:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-23T00:53:47Z", "ms": -689727972687.73 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-02-22T07:58:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-22T04:28:56Z", "ms": -689801464365.2675 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-23T04:23:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-23T00:53:47Z", "ms": -689727972687.73 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-02-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-22T17:18:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-22T13:48:06Z", "ms": -689767913561.188 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-22T19:01:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-22T15:31:16Z", "ms": -689761723782.0836 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-02-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-23T17:19:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-23T13:49:05Z", "ms": -689681454781.5731 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-23T19:01:57+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-23T15:31:57Z", "ms": -689675282776.3538 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 07:59 on Sun 22 Feb to 04:24 on Mon 23 Feb.", "fact": "1948-02-22T04:28:56Z → 1948-02-23T00:53:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:18–19:01 on the 22nd, 17:19–19:02 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 103 of 103 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 103 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33551 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 22 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Sunday 22 February. Trayodaśī runs from 07:59 on Sun 22 Feb to 04:24 on Mon 23 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-02-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/maghi-purnima", "festival": "maghi-purnima", "name": "Māghī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-02-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30980, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1948-02-24T00:35:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-23T21:05:36Z", "ms": -689655264459.6702 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-24T20:45:40+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-24T17:15:40Z", "ms": -689582660380.6564 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-02-24T00:35:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-23T21:05:36Z", "ms": -689655264459.6702 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-24T20:45:40+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-24T17:15:40Z", "ms": -689582660380.6564 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-02-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-23T11:21:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-23T07:51:28Z", "ms": -689702912499.7393 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-23T12:09:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-23T08:39:28Z", "ms": -689700032499.7393 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-02-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-24T11:21:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-24T07:51:19Z", "ms": -689616520544.6226 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-24T12:09:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-24T08:39:19Z", "ms": -689613640544.6226 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 00:36 on Tue 24 Feb to 20:46 on Tue 24 Feb.", "fact": "1948-02-23T21:05:36Z → 1948-02-24T17:15:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:21–12:09 on the 23rd, 11:21–12:09 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30980 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Māghī Pūrṇimā, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 24 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maghi-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Maghi purnima (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Māghī Pūrṇimā 1948 falls on Tuesday 24 February. Pūrṇimā runs from 00:36 on Tue 24 Feb to 20:46 on Tue 24 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/maghi-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-02-27", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-02-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34743, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-02-27T11:00:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-27T07:30:09Z", "ms": -689358591024.3217 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-28T08:54:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-28T05:24:30Z", "ms": -689279729969.2219 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-02-27T11:00:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-27T07:30:09Z", "ms": -689358591024.3217 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-28T08:54:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-28T05:24:30Z", "ms": -689279729969.2219 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-02-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-27T20:39:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-27T17:09:12Z", "ms": -689323848271.4991 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-27T20:39:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-27T17:09:12Z", "ms": -689323848271.4991 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-02-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-02-28T21:47:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-28T18:17:36Z", "ms": -689233343623.3279 }, "end": { "local": "1948-02-28T21:47:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-02-28T18:17:36Z", "ms": -689233343623.3279 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:00 on Fri 27 Feb to 08:55 on Sat 28 Feb.", "fact": "1948-02-27T07:30:09Z → 1948-02-28T05:24:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:39 on the 27th and 21:48 on the 28th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 27th and is not on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34743 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 27 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-02-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1948 falls on Friday 27 February. Caturthī runs from 11:00 on Fri 27 Feb to 08:55 on Sat 28 Feb and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-02-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-03-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Vijayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-03-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24755, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-03-05T12:50:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-05T09:20:02Z", "ms": -688747198360.5695 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-06T15:20:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-06T11:50:05Z", "ms": -688651795303.3656 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-03-05T12:50:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-05T09:20:02Z", "ms": -688747198360.5695 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-06T15:20:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-06T11:50:05Z", "ms": -688651795303.3656 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-03-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-05T05:57:27+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-05T02:27:27Z", "ms": -688771953436.3516 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-05T05:57:27+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-05T02:27:27Z", "ms": -688771953436.3516 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-03-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-06T05:56:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-06T02:26:04Z", "ms": -688685635935.4087 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-06T05:56:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-06T02:26:04Z", "ms": -688685635935.4087 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:50 on Fri 5 Mar to 15:20 on Sat 6 Mar.", "fact": "1948-03-05T09:20:02Z → 1948-03-06T11:50:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:57 on the 5th and 05:56 on the 6th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 5th and is on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24755 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 6 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vijayā Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Saturday 6 March. Ekādaśī runs from 12:50 on Fri 5 Mar to 15:20 on Sat 6 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-03-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/maha-shivaratri", "festival": "maha-shivaratri", "name": "Mahāśivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-03-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2175, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-03-08T20:23:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-08T16:53:18Z", "ms": -688460802498.18 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-09T22:41:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-09T19:11:34Z", "ms": -688366106086.3533 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-03-08T20:23:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-08T16:53:18Z", "ms": -688460802498.18 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-09T22:41:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-09T19:11:34Z", "ms": -688366106086.3533 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-03-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-08T23:18:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-08T19:48:04Z", "ms": -688450315716.8643 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-09T00:06:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-08T20:36:04Z", "ms": -688447435716.8643 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-03-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-09T23:17:49+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-09T19:47:49Z", "ms": -688363930807.2776 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-10T00:05:49+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-09T20:35:49Z", "ms": -688361050807.2776 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 20:23 on Mon 8 Mar to 22:42 on Tue 9 Mar.", "fact": "1948-03-08T16:53:18Z → 1948-03-09T19:11:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:18–00:06 on the 8th, 23:18–00:06 on the 9th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 2175 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāśivarātri, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 8 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maha-shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day" } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Mahāśivarātri 1948 falls on Monday 8 March. Caturdaśī runs from 20:23 on Mon 8 Mar to 22:42 on Tue 9 Mar and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/maha-shivaratri", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-03-08", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-03-08", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1363, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-03-07T17:54:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-07T14:24:04Z", "ms": -688556156005.4686 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-08T20:23:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-08T16:53:18Z", "ms": -688460802498.18 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-03-07T17:54:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-07T14:24:04Z", "ms": -688556156005.4686 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-08T20:23:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-08T16:53:18Z", "ms": -688460802498.18 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-03-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-07T17:31:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-07T14:01:21Z", "ms": -688557519450.3727 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-07T19:10:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-07T15:40:16Z", "ms": -688551583858.9252 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-03-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-08T17:32:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-08T14:02:15Z", "ms": -688471064897.7329 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-08T19:10:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-08T15:40:52Z", "ms": -688465147782.8346 } }, "covered_min": 99, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:54 on Sun 7 Mar to 20:23 on Mon 8 Mar.", "fact": "1948-03-07T14:24:04Z → 1948-03-08T16:53:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:31–19:10 on the 7th, 17:32–19:11 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 76 of 99 minutes on the 7th and 99 of 99 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1363 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 8 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-08", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-08", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Monday 8 March. Trayodaśī runs from 17:54 on Sun 7 Mar to 20:23 on Mon 8 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 76 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-03-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-03-14", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-03-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20242, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-03-14T05:00:26+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-14T01:30:26Z", "ms": -687997773544.7336 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-15T05:39:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-15T02:09:33Z", "ms": -687909026765.319 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-03-14T05:00:26+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-14T01:30:26Z", "ms": -687997773544.7336 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-15T05:39:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-15T02:09:33Z", "ms": -687909026765.319 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-03-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-14T11:17:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-14T07:47:12Z", "ms": -687975167860.493 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-14T12:05:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-14T08:35:12Z", "ms": -687972287860.493 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-03-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-15T11:16:55+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-15T07:46:55Z", "ms": -687888784590.0789 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-15T12:04:55+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-15T08:34:55Z", "ms": -687885904590.0789 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 05:00 on Sun 14 Mar to 05:40 on Mon 15 Mar.", "fact": "1948-03-14T01:30:26Z → 1948-03-15T02:09:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:17–12:05 on the 14th, 11:17–12:05 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20242 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 14 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vināyaka Caturthī 1948 falls on Sunday 14 March. Caturthī runs from 05:00 on Sun 14 Mar to 05:40 on Mon 15 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-03-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-03-21", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-03-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25077, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-03-20T22:36:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-20T19:06:41Z", "ms": -687415999014.7281 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-21T19:41:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-21T16:11:22Z", "ms": -687340117867.6796 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-03-20T22:36:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-20T19:06:41Z", "ms": -687415999014.7281 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-21T19:41:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-21T16:11:22Z", "ms": -687340117867.6796 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-03-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-21T05:34:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-21T02:04:38Z", "ms": -687390921679.5123 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-21T05:34:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-21T02:04:38Z", "ms": -687390921679.5123 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-03-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-22T05:33:11+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-22T02:03:11Z", "ms": -687304609298.0348 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-22T05:33:11+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-22T02:03:11Z", "ms": -687304609298.0348 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 22:37 on Sat 20 Mar to 19:41 on Sun 21 Mar.", "fact": "1948-03-20T19:06:41Z → 1948-03-21T16:11:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:35 on the 21st and 05:33 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 21st and is not on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25077 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 21 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Āmalakī Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Sunday 21 March. Ekādaśī runs from 22:37 on Sat 20 Mar to 19:41 on Sun 21 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-03-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-03-22", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-03-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4533, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-03-22T16:29:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-22T12:59:01Z", "ms": -687265258944.0009 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-23T13:08:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-23T09:38:16Z", "ms": -687190904255.1207 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-03-22T16:29:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-22T12:59:01Z", "ms": -687265258944.0009 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-23T13:08:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-23T09:38:16Z", "ms": -687190904255.1207 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-03-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-22T17:44:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-22T14:14:34Z", "ms": -687260725930.1598 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-22T19:18:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-22T15:48:51Z", "ms": -687255068737.1167 } }, "covered_min": 94, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-23T17:45:25+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-23T14:15:25Z", "ms": -687174274589.169 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-23T19:19:24+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-23T15:49:24Z", "ms": -687168635937.3375 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:29 on Mon 22 Mar to 13:08 on Tue 23 Mar.", "fact": "1948-03-22T12:59:01Z → 1948-03-23T09:38:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:45–19:19 on the 22nd, 17:45–19:19 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 94 of 94 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 94 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4533 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 22 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Monday 22 March. Trayodaśī runs from 16:29 on Mon 22 Mar to 13:08 on Tue 23 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-03-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/holika-dahana", "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-03-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19826, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1948-03-24T09:48:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-24T06:18:38Z", "ms": -687116481776.7999 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-25T06:40:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-25T03:10:07Z", "ms": -687041393078.8601 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-03-24T09:48:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-24T06:18:38Z", "ms": -687116481776.7999 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-25T06:40:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-25T03:10:07Z", "ms": -687041393078.8601 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-24T15:19:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-24T11:49:04Z", "ms": -687096655639.1678 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-24T17:46:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-24T14:16:17Z", "ms": -687087823373.8516 } }, "covered_min": 147, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-25T15:19:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-25T11:49:28Z", "ms": -687010232297.005 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-25T17:47:08+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-25T14:17:08Z", "ms": -687001372266.1522 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 148, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 09:49 on Wed 24 Mar to 06:40 on Thu 25 Mar.", "fact": "1948-03-24T06:18:38Z → 1948-03-25T03:10:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 15:19–17:46 on the 24th, 15:19–17:47 on the 25th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 147 of 147 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 148 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19826 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holikā Dahana, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 24 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holika-dahana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "not_evaluated": "The hour the row gives for the rite (\"it should be observed on second half of purnima at night\") is not tested: sāyāhna alone settles the day.", "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Holikā Dahana 1948 falls on Wednesday 24 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 09:49 on Wed 24 Mar to 06:40 on Thu 25 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/holika-dahana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/holi", "festival": "holi", "name": "Holī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-03-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19826, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1948-03-24T09:48:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-24T06:18:38Z", "ms": -687116481776.7999 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-25T06:40:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-25T03:10:07Z", "ms": -687041393078.8601 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-03-24T09:48:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-24T06:18:38Z", "ms": -687116481776.7999 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-25T06:40:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-25T03:10:07Z", "ms": -687041393078.8601 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-24T15:19:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-24T11:49:04Z", "ms": -687096655639.1678 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-24T17:46:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-24T14:16:17Z", "ms": -687087823373.8516 } }, "covered_min": 147, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-25T15:19:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-25T11:49:28Z", "ms": -687010232297.005 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-25T17:47:08+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-25T14:17:08Z", "ms": -687001372266.1522 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 148, "qualifies": false } ], "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "local_date": "1948-03-24", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 09:49 on Wed 24 Mar to 06:40 on Thu 25 Mar.", "fact": "1948-03-24T06:18:38Z → 1948-03-25T03:10:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 15:19–17:46 on the 24th, 15:19–17:47 on the 25th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 147 of 147 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 148 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19826 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Holī is kept the day after Holikā Dahana: Wednesday 24 March is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: holika-dahana + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 25 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holi", "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Holī 1948 falls on Thursday 25 March. It is kept the day after Holikā Dahana, which falls on Wednesday 24 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 09:49 on Wed 24 Mar to 06:40 on Thu 25 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna on the 24th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/holi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vasantotsava", "festival": "vasantotsava", "name": "Vasantotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-03-25", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 4279, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 15, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1948-03-25T06:40:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-25T03:10:07Z", "ms": -687041393078.8601 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-26T03:52:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-26T00:22:38Z", "ms": -686965042234.7395 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-03-25T06:40:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-25T03:10:07Z", "ms": -687041393078.8601 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-26T03:52:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-26T00:22:38Z", "ms": -686965042234.7395 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-25T05:28:48+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-25T01:58:48Z", "ms": -687045672420.4164 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-25T05:28:48+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-25T01:58:48Z", "ms": -687045672420.4164 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-03-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-26T05:27:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-26T01:57:20Z", "ms": -686959360110.5737 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-26T05:27:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-26T01:57:20Z", "ms": -686959360110.5737 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 06:40 on Thu 25 Mar to 03:53 on Fri 26 Mar.", "fact": "1948-03-25T03:10:07Z → 1948-03-26T00:22:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:29 on the 25th and 05:27 on the 26th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 25th and is not on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → tithi-day · margin 4279 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasantotsava, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 25 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasantotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 1 Vasantotsava (current at sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-25", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-25", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vasantotsava 1948 falls on Thursday 25 March. Pratipadā runs from 06:40 on Thu 25 Mar to 03:53 on Fri 26 Mar, and is current at sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vasantotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-03-28", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-03-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4805, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-03-27T23:56:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-27T20:26:53Z", "ms": -686806386843.9467 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-28T23:02:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-28T19:32:46Z", "ms": -686723233601.6678 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-03-27T23:56:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-27T20:26:53Z", "ms": -686806386843.9467 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-28T23:02:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-28T19:32:46Z", "ms": -686723233601.6678 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-03-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-27T20:34:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-27T17:04:10Z", "ms": -686818550331.1482 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-27T20:34:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-27T17:04:10Z", "ms": -686818550331.1482 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-03-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-03-28T21:42:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-28T18:12:42Z", "ms": -686728038378.1895 }, "end": { "local": "1948-03-28T21:42:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-28T18:12:42Z", "ms": -686728038378.1895 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 23:57 on Sat 27 Mar to 23:03 on Sun 28 Mar.", "fact": "1948-03-27T20:26:53Z → 1948-03-28T19:32:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:34 on the 27th and 21:43 on the 28th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 27th and is on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4805 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 28 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-03-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1948 falls on Sunday 28 March. Caturthī runs from 23:57 on Sat 27 Mar to 23:03 on Sun 28 Mar and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-03-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shitalashtami", "festival": "shitalashtami", "name": "Śītalāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29672, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1948-04-01T01:00:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-31T21:30:05Z", "ms": -686456994525.6653 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-02T02:57:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-01T23:27:00Z", "ms": -686363579575.7544 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-04-01T01:00:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-03-31T21:30:05Z", "ms": -686456994525.6653 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-02T02:57:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-01T23:27:00Z", "ms": -686363579575.7544 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-01T11:11:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-01T07:41:50Z", "ms": -686420290026.6128 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-01T11:59:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-01T08:29:50Z", "ms": -686417410026.6128 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-04-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-02T11:11:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-02T07:41:32Z", "ms": -686333907942.8735 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-02T11:59:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-02T08:29:32Z", "ms": -686331027942.8735 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 01:00 on Thu 1 Apr to 02:57 on Fri 2 Apr.", "fact": "1948-03-31T21:30:05Z → 1948-04-01T23:27:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:12–12:00 on the 1st, 11:12–12:00 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 29672 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalāṣṭamī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 1 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitalashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Sitalastami, (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śītalāṣṭamī 1948 falls on Thursday 1 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 01:00 on Thu 1 Apr to 02:57 on Fri 2 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shitalashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-04-05", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9036, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-04-04T07:44:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-04T04:14:53Z", "ms": -686173506604.6549 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-05T10:10:49+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-05T06:40:49Z", "ms": -686078350771.3987 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-04-04T07:44:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-04T04:14:53Z", "ms": -686173506604.6549 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-05T10:10:49+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-05T06:40:49Z", "ms": -686078350771.3987 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-04T05:14:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-04T01:44:17Z", "ms": -686182542895.3192 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-04T05:14:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-04T01:44:17Z", "ms": -686182542895.3192 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-05T05:12:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-05T01:42:51Z", "ms": -686096228611.1936 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-05T05:12:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-05T01:42:51Z", "ms": -686096228611.1936 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 07:45 on Sun 4 Apr to 10:11 on Mon 5 Apr.", "fact": "1948-04-04T04:14:53Z → 1948-04-05T06:40:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:14 on the 4th and 05:13 on the 5th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 4th and is on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9036 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 5 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Monday 5 April. Ekādaśī runs from 07:45 on Sun 4 Apr to 10:11 on Mon 5 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-04-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-04-06", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13289, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-04-06T12:23:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-06T08:53:51Z", "ms": -685983969418.729 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-07T14:16:40+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-07T10:46:40Z", "ms": -685890800229.8082 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-04-06T12:23:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-06T08:53:51Z", "ms": -685983969418.729 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-07T14:16:40+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-07T10:46:40Z", "ms": -685890800229.8082 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-06T17:57:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-06T14:27:18Z", "ms": -685963962105.8198 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-06T19:27:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-06T15:57:00Z", "ms": -685958580350.5835 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-07T17:58:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-07T14:28:09Z", "ms": -685877511226.2152 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-07T19:27:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-07T15:57:32Z", "ms": -685872147529.4308 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 12:24 on Tue 6 Apr to 14:17 on Wed 7 Apr.", "fact": "1948-04-06T08:53:51Z → 1948-04-07T10:46:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:57–19:27 on the 6th, 17:58–19:28 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 90 of 90 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 89 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13289 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 6 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Tuesday 6 April. Trayodaśī runs from 12:24 on Tue 6 Apr to 14:17 on Wed 7 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-04-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-04-07", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26653, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-04-07T14:16:40+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-07T10:46:40Z", "ms": -685890800229.8082 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-08T15:44:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-08T12:14:53Z", "ms": -685799106785.3618 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-04-07T14:16:40+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-07T10:46:40Z", "ms": -685890800229.8082 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-08T15:44:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-08T12:14:53Z", "ms": -685799106785.3618 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-07T23:09:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-07T19:39:23Z", "ms": -685858837363.2738 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-07T23:57:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-07T20:27:23Z", "ms": -685855957363.2738 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-08T23:09:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-08T19:39:06Z", "ms": -685772453966.4558 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-08T23:57:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-08T20:27:06Z", "ms": -685769573966.4558 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 14:17 on Wed 7 Apr to 15:45 on Thu 8 Apr.", "fact": "1948-04-07T10:46:40Z → 1948-04-08T12:14:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:09–23:57 on the 7th, 23:09–23:57 on the 8th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26653 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 7 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śivarātri 1948 falls on Wednesday 7 April. Caturdaśī runs from 14:17 on Wed 7 Apr to 15:45 on Thu 8 Apr and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-04-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "festival": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "name": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra)", "everyday": "Chaitra Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17340, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1948-04-09T16:46:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-09T13:16:31Z", "ms": -685709008554.8381 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-10T17:21:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-10T13:51:15Z", "ms": -685620525415.1355 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-04-09T16:46:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-09T13:16:31Z", "ms": -685709008554.8381 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-10T17:21:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-10T13:51:15Z", "ms": -685620525415.1355 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-09T11:09:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-09T07:39:32Z", "ms": -685729228493.633 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-09T11:57:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-09T08:27:32Z", "ms": -685726348493.633 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-10T11:09:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-10T07:39:15Z", "ms": -685642844828.082 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-10T11:57:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-10T08:27:15Z", "ms": -685639964828.082 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 16:47 on Fri 9 Apr to 17:21 on Sat 10 Apr.", "fact": "1948-04-09T13:16:31Z → 1948-04-10T13:51:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:10–11:58 on the 9th, 11:09–11:57 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17340 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra), Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 10 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Navarātrārambha (Caitra) (Chaitra Navratri) 1948 falls on Saturday 10 April. Pratipadā runs from 16:47 on Fri 9 Apr to 17:21 on Sat 10 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/gauri-tritiya", "festival": "gauri-tritiya", "name": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Gangaur", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18958, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1948-04-11T17:29:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-11T13:59:39Z", "ms": -685533621468.5492 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-12T17:12:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-12T13:42:41Z", "ms": -685448238531.8243 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-04-11T17:29:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-11T13:59:39Z", "ms": -685533621468.5492 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-12T17:12:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-12T13:42:41Z", "ms": -685448238531.8243 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-11T11:08:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-11T07:38:59Z", "ms": -685556460897.2406 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-11T11:56:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-11T08:26:59Z", "ms": -685553580897.2406 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-12T11:08:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-12T07:38:43Z", "ms": -685470076687.9497 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-12T11:56:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-12T08:26:43Z", "ms": -685467196687.9497 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 17:30 on Sun 11 Apr to 17:13 on Mon 12 Apr.", "fact": "1948-04-11T13:59:39Z → 1948-04-12T13:42:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:09–11:57 on the 11th, 11:09–11:57 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18958 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 12 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gauri-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Gaurī Tṛtīyā (Gangaur) 1948 falls on Monday 12 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 17:30 on Sun 11 Apr to 17:13 on Mon 12 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/gauri-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18958, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1948-04-11T17:29:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-11T13:59:39Z", "ms": -685533621468.5492 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-12T17:12:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-12T13:42:41Z", "ms": -685448238531.8243 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-04-11T17:29:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-11T13:59:39Z", "ms": -685533621468.5492 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-12T17:12:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-12T13:42:41Z", "ms": -685448238531.8243 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-11T11:08:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-11T07:38:59Z", "ms": -685556460897.2406 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-11T11:56:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-11T08:26:59Z", "ms": -685553580897.2406 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-12T11:08:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-12T07:38:43Z", "ms": -685470076687.9497 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-12T11:56:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-12T08:26:43Z", "ms": -685467196687.9497 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 17:30 on Sun 11 Apr to 17:13 on Mon 12 Apr.", "fact": "1948-04-11T13:59:39Z → 1948-04-12T13:42:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:09–11:57 on the 11th, 11:09–11:57 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18958 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 12 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata 1948 falls on Monday 12 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 17:30 on Sun 11 Apr to 17:13 on Mon 12 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vaishakhi", "festival": "vaishakhi", "name": "Vaiśākhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8236, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 0, "key": "mesha", "name": "Meṣa", "start": { "local": "1948-04-13T07:18:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-13T03:48:56Z", "ms": -685397463618.2968 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-14T04:17:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-14T00:47:22Z", "ms": -682729958285.2545 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1948-04-13T07:18:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-13T03:48:56Z", "ms": -685397463618.2968 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-13T07:18:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-13T03:48:56Z", "ms": -685397463618.2968 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-12T05:03:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-12T01:33:03Z", "ms": -685492017056.3414 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-13T05:01:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-13T01:31:41Z", "ms": -685405699140.9543 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-13T05:01:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-13T01:31:41Z", "ms": -685405699140.9543 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-14T05:00:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-14T01:30:19Z", "ms": -685319380649.7743 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Meṣa at 07:19 on Tue 13 Apr.", "fact": "1948-04-13T03:48:56Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 05:03 on the 12th, and from 05:02 on the 13th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from sunrise. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunrise → only-day · margin 8236 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaiśākhī, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "vaishakhi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Mesadi — Cadaka puja (Bengal), Bahag Bihu (Assam), Cheiraoba (Manipur), Visu (T. C. State), Vaisakhi (on the samkramana day commencing from sunrise)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The other names in the row (Cadaka puja, Bahag Bihu, Cheiraoba, Visu) are regional observances and wait with the regional rows.", "rashi": "Meṣa", "day_from": "sunrise" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1948-04-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1948-04-13", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vaiśākhī 1948 falls on Tuesday 13 April. The Sun enters Meṣa at 07:19 on Tue 13 Apr, and the rule counts the day from sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vaishakhi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-04-13", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16497, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-04-12T17:12:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-12T13:42:41Z", "ms": -685448238531.8243 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-13T16:31:25+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-13T13:01:25Z", "ms": -685364315035.0199 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-04-12T17:12:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-12T13:42:41Z", "ms": -685448238531.8243 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-13T16:31:25+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-13T13:01:25Z", "ms": -685364315035.0199 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-12T11:08:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-12T07:38:43Z", "ms": -685470076687.9497 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-12T11:56:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-12T08:26:43Z", "ms": -685467196687.9497 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-13T11:08:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-13T07:38:28Z", "ms": -685383692187.3567 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-13T11:56:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-13T08:26:28Z", "ms": -685380812187.3567 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 17:13 on Mon 12 Apr to 16:31 on Tue 13 Apr.", "fact": "1948-04-12T13:42:41Z → 1948-04-13T13:01:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:09–11:57 on the 12th, 11:08–11:56 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16497 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vināyaka Caturthī 1948 falls on Tuesday 13 April. Caturthī runs from 17:13 on Mon 12 Apr to 16:31 on Tue 13 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-04-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/lakshmi-panchami", "festival": "lakshmi-panchami", "name": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12637, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1948-04-13T16:31:25+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-13T13:01:25Z", "ms": -685364315035.0199 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-14T15:26:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-14T11:56:50Z", "ms": -685281790186.6122 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-04-13T16:31:25+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-13T13:01:25Z", "ms": -685364315035.0199 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-14T15:26:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-14T11:56:50Z", "ms": -685281790186.6122 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-13T11:08:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-13T07:38:28Z", "ms": -685383692187.3567 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-13T11:56:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-13T08:26:28Z", "ms": -685380812187.3567 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-14T11:08:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-14T07:38:13Z", "ms": -685297307382.7242 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-14T11:56:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-14T08:26:13Z", "ms": -685294427382.7242 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 16:31 on Tue 13 Apr to 15:27 on Wed 14 Apr.", "fact": "1948-04-13T13:01:25Z → 1948-04-14T11:56:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:08–11:56 on the 13th, 11:08–11:56 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 12637 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 14 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "lakshmi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri pancami or Laksmi pancami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Lakṣmī Pañcamī 1948 falls on Wednesday 14 April. Pañcamī runs from 16:31 on Tue 13 Apr to 15:27 on Wed 14 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/lakshmi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/rama-navami", "festival": "rama-navami", "name": "Rāma Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3652, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1948-04-17T10:06:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-17T06:36:37Z", "ms": -685041803302.1362 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-18T07:45:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-18T04:15:05Z", "ms": -684963894977.0027 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-04-17T10:06:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-17T06:36:37Z", "ms": -685041803302.1362 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-18T07:45:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-18T04:15:05Z", "ms": -684963894977.0027 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-17T11:07:29+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-17T07:37:29Z", "ms": -685038151014.4556 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-17T11:55:29+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-17T08:25:29Z", "ms": -685035271014.4556 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-04-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-18T11:07:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-18T07:37:15Z", "ms": -684951764861.1677 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-18T11:55:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-18T08:25:15Z", "ms": -684948884861.1677 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 10:07 on Sat 17 Apr to 07:45 on Sun 18 Apr.", "fact": "1948-04-17T06:36:37Z → 1948-04-18T04:15:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:07–11:55 on the 17th, 11:07–11:55 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3652 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāma Navamī, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 17 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rama-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Ramanavami (madhyahnavyapini, special with Punarvasu naks.), Rama jayanti." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special when it falls with Punarvasu nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Rāma Navamī 1948 falls on Saturday 17 April. Navamī runs from 10:07 on Sat 17 Apr to 07:45 on Sun 18 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/rama-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/bhavani-utpatti", "festival": "bhavani-utpatti", "name": "Bhavānī Utpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1013, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1948-04-16T12:12:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-16T08:42:37Z", "ms": -685120643398.2556 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-17T10:06:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-17T06:36:37Z", "ms": -685041803302.1362 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-04-16T12:12:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-16T08:42:37Z", "ms": -685120643398.2556 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-17T10:06:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-17T06:36:37Z", "ms": -685041803302.1362 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-16T11:07:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-16T07:37:43Z", "ms": -685124536809.6853 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-16T11:55:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-16T08:25:43Z", "ms": -685121656809.6853 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-04-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-17T11:07:29+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-17T07:37:29Z", "ms": -685038151014.4556 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-17T11:55:29+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-17T08:25:29Z", "ms": -685035271014.4556 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 12:13 on Fri 16 Apr to 10:07 on Sat 17 Apr.", "fact": "1948-04-16T08:42:37Z → 1948-04-17T06:36:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:08–11:56 on the 16th, 11:07–11:55 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → second-day · margin 1013 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhavānī Utpatti, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 17 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhavani-utpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Annapurna puja (Beng.) (paraviddha), Bhavani-utpatti (paraviddha), Asokastami (Special when combined with naks. Punarvasu and Wednesday, after mid-day)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Bhavānī Utpatti 1948 falls on Saturday 17 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 12:13 on Fri 16 Apr to 10:07 on Sat 17 Apr, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/bhavani-utpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-04-19", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1101, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-04-19T05:12:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-19T01:42:03Z", "ms": -684886677190.8688 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-20T02:32:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-19T23:02:32Z", "ms": -684809847716.4858 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-04-19T05:12:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-19T01:42:03Z", "ms": -684886677190.8688 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-20T02:32:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-19T23:02:32Z", "ms": -684809847716.4858 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-19T04:53:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-19T01:23:41Z", "ms": -684887778569.9308 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-19T04:53:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-19T01:23:41Z", "ms": -684887778569.9308 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-20T04:52:24+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-20T01:22:24Z", "ms": -684801456023.0042 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-20T04:52:24+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-20T01:22:24Z", "ms": -684801456023.0042 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:12 on Mon 19 Apr to 02:33 on Tue 20 Apr.", "fact": "1948-04-19T01:42:03Z → 1948-04-19T23:02:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:54 on the 19th and 04:52 on the 20th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 19th and is not on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 1101 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 19 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kāmadā Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Monday 19 April. Ekādaśī runs from 05:12 on Mon 19 Apr to 02:33 on Tue 20 Apr, and is current at sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-04-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ananga-trayodashi", "festival": "ananga-trayodashi", "name": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33844, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-04-20T23:52:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-20T20:22:31Z", "ms": -684733049138.5234 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-21T21:18:40+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-21T17:48:40Z", "ms": -684655880019.7521 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-04-20T23:52:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-20T20:22:31Z", "ms": -684733049138.5234 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-21T21:18:40+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-21T17:48:40Z", "ms": -684655880019.7521 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-20T11:06:49+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-20T07:36:49Z", "ms": -684778991419.0967 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-20T11:54:49+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-20T08:24:49Z", "ms": -684776111419.0967 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-21T11:06:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-21T07:36:36Z", "ms": -684692604097.9343 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-21T11:54:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-21T08:24:36Z", "ms": -684689724097.9343 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:53 on Tue 20 Apr to 21:19 on Wed 21 Apr.", "fact": "1948-04-20T20:22:31Z → 1948-04-21T17:48:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:07–11:55 on the 20th, 11:07–11:55 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 33844 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 21 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananga-trayodashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 13 Ananga trayodasi (purvaviddha), Mahavira jayanti (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Anaṅga Trayodaśī 1948 falls on Wednesday 21 April. Trayodaśī runs from 23:53 on Tue 20 Apr to 21:19 on Wed 21 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ananga-trayodashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-04-21", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6197, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-04-20T23:52:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-20T20:22:31Z", "ms": -684733049138.5234 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-21T21:18:40+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-21T17:48:40Z", "ms": -684655880019.7521 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-04-20T23:52:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-20T20:22:31Z", "ms": -684733049138.5234 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-21T21:18:40+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-21T17:48:40Z", "ms": -684655880019.7521 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-20T18:09:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-20T14:39:13Z", "ms": -684753646815.1892 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-20T19:34:48+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-20T16:04:48Z", "ms": -684748511599.1051 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-21T18:10:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-21T14:40:04Z", "ms": -684667195501.3098 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-21T19:35:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-21T16:05:23Z", "ms": -684662077241.6035 } }, "covered_min": 85, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:53 on Tue 20 Apr to 21:19 on Wed 21 Apr.", "fact": "1948-04-20T20:22:31Z → 1948-04-21T17:48:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:09–19:35 on the 20th, 18:10–19:35 on the 21st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 86 minutes on the 20th and 85 of 85 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6197 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 21 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Wednesday 21 April. Trayodaśī runs from 23:53 on Tue 20 Apr to 21:19 on Wed 21 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-04-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "festival": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "name": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25426, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-04-21T21:18:40+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-21T17:48:40Z", "ms": -684655880019.7521 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-22T18:58:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-22T15:28:09Z", "ms": -684577910574.8136 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-04-21T21:18:40+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-21T17:48:40Z", "ms": -684655880019.7521 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-22T18:58:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-22T15:28:09Z", "ms": -684577910574.8136 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-21T11:06:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-21T07:36:36Z", "ms": -684692604097.9343 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-21T11:54:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-21T08:24:36Z", "ms": -684689724097.9343 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-04-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-22T11:06:24+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-22T07:36:24Z", "ms": -684606216354.4365 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-22T11:54:24+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-22T08:24:24Z", "ms": -684603336354.4365 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 21:19 on Wed 21 Apr to 18:58 on Thu 22 Apr.", "fact": "1948-04-21T17:48:40Z → 1948-04-22T15:28:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:07–11:55 on the 21st, 11:06–11:54 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25426 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 22 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Madanabhanji, (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Sivadamanaka caturdasi, Visnudamanaka caturdasi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī 1948 falls on Thursday 22 April. Caturdaśī runs from 21:19 on Wed 21 Apr to 18:58 on Thu 22 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/chaitri-purnima", "festival": "chaitri-purnima", "name": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18245, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1948-04-22T18:58:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-22T15:28:09Z", "ms": -684577910574.8136 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-23T16:58:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-23T13:28:17Z", "ms": -684498702892.8033 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-04-22T18:58:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-22T15:28:09Z", "ms": -684577910574.8136 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-23T16:58:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-23T13:28:17Z", "ms": -684498702892.8033 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-22T11:06:24+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-22T07:36:24Z", "ms": -684606216354.4365 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-22T11:54:24+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-22T08:24:24Z", "ms": -684603336354.4365 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-04-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-23T11:06:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-23T07:36:12Z", "ms": -684519828171.9663 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-23T11:54:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-23T08:24:12Z", "ms": -684516948171.9663 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 18:58 on Thu 22 Apr to 16:58 on Fri 23 Apr.", "fact": "1948-04-22T15:28:09Z → 1948-04-23T13:28:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:06–11:54 on the 22nd, 11:06–11:54 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18245 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 23 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chaitri-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Caitri purnima (paraviddha), Hanumat jayanti, Oli ending (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Caitrī Pūrṇimā 1948 falls on Friday 23 April. Pūrṇimā runs from 18:58 on Thu 22 Apr to 16:58 on Fri 23 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/chaitri-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-04-26", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-04-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26901, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-04-26T14:07:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-26T10:37:38Z", "ms": -684249741577.7484 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-27T14:28:25+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-27T10:58:25Z", "ms": -684162094589.3607 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-04-26T14:07:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-26T10:37:38Z", "ms": -684249741577.7484 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-27T14:28:25+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-27T10:58:25Z", "ms": -684162094589.3607 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-04-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-26T21:36:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-26T18:06:00Z", "ms": -684222840362.7018 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-26T21:36:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-26T18:06:00Z", "ms": -684222840362.7018 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-04-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-04-27T22:37:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-27T19:07:12Z", "ms": -684132767784.6301 }, "end": { "local": "1948-04-27T22:37:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-04-27T19:07:12Z", "ms": -684132767784.6301 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:08 on Mon 26 Apr to 14:28 on Tue 27 Apr.", "fact": "1948-04-26T10:37:38Z → 1948-04-27T10:58:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:36 on the 26th and 22:37 on the 27th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 26th and is not on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26901 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 26 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-04-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1948 falls on Monday 26 April. Caturthī runs from 14:08 on Mon 26 Apr to 14:28 on Tue 27 Apr and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-04-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-05-04", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-05-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2303, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-05-04T02:04:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-03T22:34:46Z", "ms": -683601914005.7542 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-05T03:56:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-05T00:26:30Z", "ms": -683508809993.445 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-05-04T02:04:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-03T22:34:46Z", "ms": -683601914005.7542 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-05T03:56:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-05T00:26:30Z", "ms": -683508809993.445 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-05-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-04T04:35:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-04T01:05:56Z", "ms": -683592844290.2179 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-04T04:35:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-04T01:05:56Z", "ms": -683592844290.2179 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-05T04:34:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-05T01:04:53Z", "ms": -683506506821.0212 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-05T04:34:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-05T01:04:53Z", "ms": -683506506821.0212 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 02:05 on Tue 4 May to 03:57 on Wed 5 May.", "fact": "1948-05-03T22:34:46Z → 1948-05-05T00:26:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:36 on the 4th and 04:35 on the 5th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 4th and is not on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2303 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 4 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Varūthinī Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Tuesday 4 May. Ekādaśī runs from 02:05 on Tue 4 May to 03:57 on Wed 5 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-05-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-05-06", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-05-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34519, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-05-06T05:18:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-06T01:48:59Z", "ms": -683417461301.5875 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-07T06:07:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-07T02:37:33Z", "ms": -683328147047.9589 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-05-06T05:18:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-06T01:48:59Z", "ms": -683417461301.5875 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-07T06:07:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-07T02:37:33Z", "ms": -683328147047.9589 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-05T18:22:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-05T14:52:05Z", "ms": -683456874989.6196 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-05T19:43:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-05T16:13:39Z", "ms": -683451980741.2843 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 82, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-06T18:22:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-06T14:52:56Z", "ms": -683370423736.6622 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-06T19:44:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-06T16:14:16Z", "ms": -683365544329.5105 } }, "covered_min": 81, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:19 on Thu 6 May to 06:08 on Fri 7 May.", "fact": "1948-05-06T01:48:59Z → 1948-05-07T02:37:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:22–19:44 on the 5th, 18:23–19:44 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 82 minutes on the 5th and 81 of 81 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34519 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 6 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Thursday 6 May. Trayodaśī runs from 05:19 on Thu 6 May to 06:08 on Fri 7 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-05-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-05-07", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-05-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22539, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-05-07T06:07:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-07T02:37:33Z", "ms": -683328147047.9589 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-08T06:20:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-08T02:50:50Z", "ms": -683240949836.5686 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-05-07T06:07:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-07T02:37:33Z", "ms": -683328147047.9589 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-08T06:20:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-08T02:50:50Z", "ms": -683240949836.5686 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-06T23:03:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-06T19:33:54Z", "ms": -683353565959.8433 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-06T23:51:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-06T20:21:54Z", "ms": -683350685959.8433 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-07T23:03:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-07T19:33:50Z", "ms": -683267169782.4146 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-07T23:51:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-07T20:21:50Z", "ms": -683264289782.4146 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 06:08 on Fri 7 May to 06:21 on Sat 8 May.", "fact": "1948-05-07T02:37:33Z → 1948-05-08T02:50:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:04–23:52 on the 6th, 23:04–23:52 on the 7th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22539 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 7 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śivarātri 1948 falls on Friday 7 May. Caturdaśī runs from 06:08 on Fri 7 May to 06:21 on Sat 8 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-05-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/akshaya-tritiya", "festival": "akshaya-tritiya", "name": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-05-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2310, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1948-05-11T03:50:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-11T00:20:34Z", "ms": -682990765789.4504 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-12T02:11:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-11T22:41:00Z", "ms": -682910340237.4531 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-05-11T03:50:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-11T00:20:34Z", "ms": -682990765789.4504 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-12T02:11:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-11T22:41:00Z", "ms": -682910340237.4531 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-11T04:29:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-11T00:59:05Z", "ms": -682988455429.5973 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-11T09:08:26+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-11T05:38:26Z", "ms": -682971693525.7747 } }, "covered_min": 279, "window_min": 279, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-05-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-12T04:28:11+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-12T00:58:11Z", "ms": -682902108885.1135 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-12T09:08:08+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-12T05:38:08Z", "ms": -682885312441.2294 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 280, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 03:51 on Tue 11 May to 02:11 on Wed 12 May.", "fact": "1948-05-11T00:20:34Z → 1948-05-11T22:41:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 04:29–09:08 on the 11th, 04:28–09:08 on the 12th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 279 of 279 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 280 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2310 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 11 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Rohiṇī nakṣatra and a Wednesday; neither is tested.", "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Akṣaya Tṛtīyā 1948 falls on Tuesday 11 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 03:51 on Tue 11 May to 02:11 on Wed 12 May and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/akshaya-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/parashurama-jayanti", "festival": "parashurama-jayanti", "name": "Paraśurāma Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-05-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23021, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1948-05-11T03:50:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-11T00:20:34Z", "ms": -682990765789.4504 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-12T02:11:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-11T22:41:00Z", "ms": -682910340237.4531 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-05-11T03:50:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-11T00:20:34Z", "ms": -682990765789.4504 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-12T02:11:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-11T22:41:00Z", "ms": -682910340237.4531 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-10T18:26:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-10T14:56:20Z", "ms": -683024620134.3853 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-10T19:46:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-10T16:16:42Z", "ms": -683019798173.7468 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-11T18:27:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-11T14:57:10Z", "ms": -682938169718.1294 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-11T19:47:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-11T16:17:18Z", "ms": -682933361607.0607 } }, "covered_min": 80, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 03:51 on Tue 11 May to 02:11 on Wed 12 May.", "fact": "1948-05-11T00:20:34Z → 1948-05-11T22:41:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:26–19:47 on the 10th, 18:27–19:47 on the 11th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 80 minutes on the 10th and 80 of 80 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 23021 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Jayantī, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 11 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Paraśurāma Jayantī 1948 falls on Tuesday 11 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 03:51 on Tue 11 May to 02:11 on Wed 12 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/parashurama-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-05-12", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-05-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31986, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-05-12T02:11:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-11T22:41:00Z", "ms": -682910340237.4531 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-13T00:14:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-12T20:44:54Z", "ms": -682830906381.3654 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-05-12T02:11:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-11T22:41:00Z", "ms": -682910340237.4531 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-13T00:14:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-12T20:44:54Z", "ms": -682830906381.3654 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-05-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-12T11:04:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-12T07:34:06Z", "ms": -682878354219.2872 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-12T11:52:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-12T08:22:06Z", "ms": -682875474219.2872 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-05-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-13T11:04:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-13T07:34:05Z", "ms": -682791955313.2478 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-13T11:52:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-13T08:22:05Z", "ms": -682789075313.2478 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 02:11 on Wed 12 May to 00:15 on Thu 13 May.", "fact": "1948-05-11T22:41:00Z → 1948-05-12T20:44:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:04–11:52 on the 12th, 11:04–11:52 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31986 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 12 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vināyaka Caturthī 1948 falls on Wednesday 12 May. Caturthī runs from 02:11 on Wed 12 May to 00:15 on Thu 13 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-05-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shankara-jayanti", "festival": "shankara-jayanti", "name": "Śaṅkara Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-05-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36902, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1948-05-13T00:14:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-12T20:44:54Z", "ms": -682830906381.3654 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-13T22:07:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-13T18:37:06Z", "ms": -682752173532.2354 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-05-13T00:14:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-12T20:44:54Z", "ms": -682830906381.3654 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-13T22:07:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-13T18:37:06Z", "ms": -682752173532.2354 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-05-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-12T11:04:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-12T07:34:06Z", "ms": -682878354219.2872 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-12T11:52:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-12T08:22:06Z", "ms": -682875474219.2872 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-05-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-13T11:04:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-13T07:34:05Z", "ms": -682791955313.2478 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-13T11:52:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-13T08:22:05Z", "ms": -682789075313.2478 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 00:15 on Thu 13 May to 22:07 on Thu 13 May.", "fact": "1948-05-12T20:44:54Z → 1948-05-13T18:37:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:04–11:52 on the 12th, 11:04–11:52 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36902 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śaṅkara Jayantī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 13 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shankara-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sankara jayanti." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śaṅkara Jayantī 1948 falls on Thursday 13 May. Pañcamī runs from 00:15 on Thu 13 May to 22:07 on Thu 13 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shankara-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/gangotpatti", "festival": "gangotpatti", "name": "Gaṅgotpatti", "everyday": "Ganga Saptami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-05-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20514, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1948-05-14T19:52:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-14T16:22:07Z", "ms": -682673872911.1954 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-15T17:33:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-15T14:03:58Z", "ms": -682595761641.7751 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-05-14T19:52:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-14T16:22:07Z", "ms": -682673872911.1954 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-15T17:33:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-15T14:03:58Z", "ms": -682595761641.7751 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-14T11:04:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-14T07:34:04Z", "ms": -682705555860.603 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-14T11:52:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-14T08:22:04Z", "ms": -682702675860.603 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-15T11:04:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-15T07:34:04Z", "ms": -682619155865.9844 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-15T11:52:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-15T08:22:04Z", "ms": -682616275865.9844 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 19:52 on Fri 14 May to 17:34 on Sat 15 May.", "fact": "1948-05-14T16:22:07Z → 1948-05-15T14:03:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:04–11:52 on the 14th, 11:04–11:52 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 20514 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṅgotpatti, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 15 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gangotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 1948 falls on Saturday 15 May. Saptamī runs from 19:52 on Fri 14 May to 17:34 on Sat 15 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/gangotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-05-19", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mohinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-05-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16593, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-05-18T10:55:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-18T07:25:42Z", "ms": -682360457862.2 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-19T08:59:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-19T05:29:10Z", "ms": -682281049861.2565 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-05-18T10:55:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-18T07:25:42Z", "ms": -682360457862.2 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-19T08:59:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-19T05:29:10Z", "ms": -682281049861.2565 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-05-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-18T04:23:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-18T00:53:20Z", "ms": -682383999778.8566 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-18T04:23:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-18T00:53:20Z", "ms": -682383999778.8566 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-19T04:22:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-19T00:52:37Z", "ms": -682297643086.5872 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-19T04:22:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-19T00:52:37Z", "ms": -682297643086.5872 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:56 on Tue 18 May to 08:59 on Wed 19 May.", "fact": "1948-05-18T07:25:42Z → 1948-05-19T05:29:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:23 on the 18th and 04:23 on the 19th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 18th and is on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16593 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mohinī Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 19 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Mohinī Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Wednesday 19 May. Ekādaśī runs from 10:56 on Tue 18 May to 08:59 on Wed 19 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-05-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/parashurama-dvadashi", "festival": "parashurama-dvadashi", "name": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-05-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7499, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-05-19T08:59:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-19T05:29:10Z", "ms": -682281049861.2565 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-20T07:16:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-20T03:46:17Z", "ms": -682200822756.3795 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-05-19T08:59:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-19T05:29:10Z", "ms": -682281049861.2565 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-20T07:16:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-20T03:46:17Z", "ms": -682200822756.3795 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-19T11:04:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-19T07:34:09Z", "ms": -682273550544.2161 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-19T11:52:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-19T08:22:09Z", "ms": -682270670544.2161 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-20T11:04:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-20T07:34:12Z", "ms": -682187147893.5491 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-20T11:52:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-20T08:22:12Z", "ms": -682184267893.5491 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 08:59 on Wed 19 May to 07:16 on Thu 20 May.", "fact": "1948-05-19T05:29:10Z → 1948-05-20T03:46:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:04–11:52 on the 19th, 11:04–11:52 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 7499 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 19 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Paraśurāma Dvādaśī 1948 falls on Wednesday 19 May. Dvādaśī runs from 08:59 on Wed 19 May to 07:16 on Thu 20 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/parashurama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/rukmini-dvadashi", "festival": "rukmini-dvadashi", "name": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-05-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7499, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-05-19T08:59:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-19T05:29:10Z", "ms": -682281049861.2565 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-20T07:16:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-20T03:46:17Z", "ms": -682200822756.3795 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-05-19T08:59:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-19T05:29:10Z", "ms": -682281049861.2565 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-20T07:16:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-20T03:46:17Z", "ms": -682200822756.3795 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-19T11:04:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-19T07:34:09Z", "ms": -682273550544.2161 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-19T11:52:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-19T08:22:09Z", "ms": -682270670544.2161 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-20T11:04:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-20T07:34:12Z", "ms": -682187147893.5491 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-20T11:52:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-20T08:22:12Z", "ms": -682184267893.5491 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 08:59 on Wed 19 May to 07:16 on Thu 20 May.", "fact": "1948-05-19T05:29:10Z → 1948-05-20T03:46:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:04–11:52 on the 19th, 11:04–11:52 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 7499 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 19 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rukmini-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī 1948 falls on Wednesday 19 May. Dvādaśī runs from 08:59 on Wed 19 May to 07:16 on Thu 20 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/rukmini-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-05-20", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-05-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35879, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-05-20T07:16:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-20T03:46:17Z", "ms": -682200822756.3795 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-21T05:50:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-21T02:20:42Z", "ms": -682119557760.4395 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-05-20T07:16:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-20T03:46:17Z", "ms": -682200822756.3795 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-21T05:50:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-21T02:20:42Z", "ms": -682119557760.4395 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-19T18:33:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-19T15:03:42Z", "ms": -682246578001.8451 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-19T19:52:08+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-19T16:22:08Z", "ms": -682241872249.4388 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-20T18:34:29+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-20T15:04:29Z", "ms": -682160130928.2994 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-20T19:52:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-20T16:22:43Z", "ms": -682155436814.512 } }, "covered_min": 78, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 07:16 on Thu 20 May to 05:51 on Fri 21 May.", "fact": "1948-05-20T03:46:17Z → 1948-05-21T02:20:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:34–19:52 on the 19th, 18:34–19:53 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 78 minutes on the 19th and 78 of 78 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35879 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 20 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Thursday 20 May. Trayodaśī runs from 07:16 on Thu 20 May to 05:51 on Fri 21 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-05-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "festival": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "name": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Narasimha Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-05-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31979, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-05-21T05:50:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-21T02:20:42Z", "ms": -682119557760.4395 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-22T04:46:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-22T01:16:17Z", "ms": -682037022581.4094 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-05-21T05:50:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-21T02:20:42Z", "ms": -682119557760.4395 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-22T04:46:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-22T01:16:17Z", "ms": -682037022581.4094 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-20T18:34:29+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-20T15:04:29Z", "ms": -682160130928.2994 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-20T19:52:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-20T16:22:43Z", "ms": -682155436814.512 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-05-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-21T18:35:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-21T15:05:16Z", "ms": -682073684366.4384 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-21T19:53:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-21T16:23:18Z", "ms": -682069001612.8915 } }, "covered_min": 78, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:51 on Fri 21 May to 04:46 on Sat 22 May.", "fact": "1948-05-21T02:20:42Z → 1948-05-22T01:16:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:34–19:53 on the 20th, 18:35–19:53 on the 21st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 78 minutes on the 20th and 78 of 78 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31979 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 21 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Nrsimha caturdasi (pradosa vyapini — if it occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed, special when combined with naksatra 'Svati', yoga 'Siddhi' and 'Saturday')." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Svātī nakṣatra, Siddhi yoga and a Saturday; none is tested.", "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī (Narasimha Jayanti) 1948 falls on Friday 21 May. Caturdaśī runs from 05:51 on Fri 21 May to 04:46 on Sat 22 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/buddha-purnima", "festival": "buddha-purnima", "name": "Buddha Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-05-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22682, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1948-05-22T04:46:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-22T01:16:17Z", "ms": -682037022581.4094 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-23T04:06:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-23T00:36:58Z", "ms": -681952981732.4701 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-05-22T04:46:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-22T01:16:17Z", "ms": -682037022581.4094 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-23T04:06:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-23T00:36:58Z", "ms": -681952981732.4701 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-05-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-22T11:04:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-22T07:34:19Z", "ms": -682014341029.0667 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-22T11:52:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-22T08:22:19Z", "ms": -682011461029.0667 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-23T11:04:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-23T07:34:23Z", "ms": -681927936823.003 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-23T11:52:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-23T08:22:23Z", "ms": -681925056823.003 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 04:46 on Sat 22 May to 04:07 on Sun 23 May.", "fact": "1948-05-22T01:16:17Z → 1948-05-23T00:36:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:04–11:52 on the 22nd, 11:04–11:52 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22682 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Buddha Pūrṇimā, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 22 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "buddha-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Buddha Pūrṇimā 1948 falls on Saturday 22 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 04:46 on Sat 22 May to 04:07 on Sun 23 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/buddha-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/sampat-gauri-vrata", "festival": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "name": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-05-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22682, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1948-05-22T04:46:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-22T01:16:17Z", "ms": -682037022581.4094 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-23T04:06:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-23T00:36:58Z", "ms": -681952981732.4701 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-05-22T04:46:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-22T01:16:17Z", "ms": -682037022581.4094 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-23T04:06:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-23T00:36:58Z", "ms": -681952981732.4701 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-05-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-22T11:04:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-22T07:34:19Z", "ms": -682014341029.0667 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-22T11:52:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-22T08:22:19Z", "ms": -682011461029.0667 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-23T11:04:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-23T07:34:23Z", "ms": -681927936823.003 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-23T11:52:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-23T08:22:23Z", "ms": -681925056823.003 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 04:46 on Sat 22 May to 04:07 on Sun 23 May.", "fact": "1948-05-22T01:16:17Z → 1948-05-23T00:36:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:04–11:52 on the 22nd, 11:04–11:52 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22682 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 22 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Sampat Gaurī Vrata 1948 falls on Saturday 22 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 04:46 on Sat 22 May to 04:07 on Sun 23 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/sampat-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-05-26", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-05-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28211, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-05-26T05:10:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-26T01:40:58Z", "ms": -681689941902.4012 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-27T06:36:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-27T03:06:16Z", "ms": -681598424086.2776 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-05-26T05:10:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-26T01:40:58Z", "ms": -681689941902.4012 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-27T06:36:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-27T03:06:16Z", "ms": -681598424086.2776 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-25T21:20:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-25T17:50:47Z", "ms": -681718153113.1216 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-25T21:20:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-25T17:50:47Z", "ms": -681718153113.1216 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-05-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-05-26T22:11:11+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-26T18:41:11Z", "ms": -681628729041.102 }, "end": { "local": "1948-05-26T22:11:11+03:30", "utc": "1948-05-26T18:41:11Z", "ms": -681628729041.102 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 05:11 on Wed 26 May to 06:36 on Thu 27 May.", "fact": "1948-05-26T01:40:58Z → 1948-05-27T03:06:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:21 on the 25th and 22:11 on the 26th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 25th and is on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28211 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 26 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-05-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1948 falls on Wednesday 26 May. Caturthī runs from 05:11 on Wed 26 May to 06:36 on Thu 27 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-05-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-06-03", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Aparā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-06-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30603, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-06-02T18:51:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-02T15:21:13Z", "ms": -681035926876.3689 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-03T19:44:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-03T16:14:42Z", "ms": -680946318417.117 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-06-02T18:51:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-02T15:21:13Z", "ms": -681035926876.3689 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-03T19:44:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-03T16:14:42Z", "ms": -680946318417.117 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-06-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-03T04:15:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-03T00:45:02Z", "ms": -681002098352.2332 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-03T04:15:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-03T00:45:02Z", "ms": -681002098352.2332 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-06-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-04T04:14:45+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-04T00:44:45Z", "ms": -680915715121.2694 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-04T04:14:45+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-04T00:44:45Z", "ms": -680915715121.2694 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:51 on Wed 2 Jun to 19:45 on Thu 3 Jun.", "fact": "1948-06-02T15:21:13Z → 1948-06-03T16:14:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:15 on the 3rd and 04:15 on the 4th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 3rd and is not on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30603 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aparā Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 3 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Aparā Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Thursday 3 June. Ekādaśī runs from 18:51 on Wed 2 Jun to 19:45 on Thu 3 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-06-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-06-05", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-06-05", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin", "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 297, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-06-04T19:55:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-04T16:25:56Z", "ms": -680859244150.1825 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-05T19:24:14+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-05T15:54:14Z", "ms": -680774746023.7203 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-06-04T19:55:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-04T16:25:56Z", "ms": -680859244150.1825 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-05T19:24:14+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-05T15:54:14Z", "ms": -680774746023.7203 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-06-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-04T18:44:57+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-04T15:14:57Z", "ms": -680863503430.5061 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-04T20:00:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-04T16:30:53Z", "ms": -680858946993.4841 } }, "covered_min": 5, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-06-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-05T18:45:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-05T15:15:32Z", "ms": -680777068409.7823 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-05T20:01:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-05T16:31:22Z", "ms": -680772518415.0057 } }, "covered_min": 39, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 19:56 on Fri 4 Jun to 19:24 on Sat 5 Jun.", "fact": "1948-06-04T16:25:56Z → 1948-06-05T15:54:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:45–20:01 on the 4th, 18:46–20:01 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 5 of 76 minutes on the 4th and 39 of 76 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 297 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 5 June.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin, tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-05", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-04", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Saturday 5 June. Trayodaśī runs from 19:56 on Fri 4 Jun to 19:24 on Sat 5 Jun and covers 39 of 76 minutes of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 5 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested. It is 4 min 57 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-06-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-06-05", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-06-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13300, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-06-05T19:24:14+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-05T15:54:14Z", "ms": -680774746023.7203 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-06T18:12:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-06T14:42:18Z", "ms": -680692661607.2078 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-06-05T19:24:14+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-05T15:54:14Z", "ms": -680774746023.7203 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-06T18:12:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-06T14:42:18Z", "ms": -680692661607.2078 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-06-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-05T23:05:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-05T19:35:54Z", "ms": -680761445929.3702 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-05T23:53:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-05T20:23:54Z", "ms": -680758565929.3702 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-06T23:06:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-06T19:36:05Z", "ms": -680675034736.3002 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-06T23:54:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-06T20:24:05Z", "ms": -680672154736.3002 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:24 on Sat 5 Jun to 18:12 on Sun 6 Jun.", "fact": "1948-06-05T15:54:14Z → 1948-06-06T14:42:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:06–23:54 on the 5th, 23:06–23:54 on the 6th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 5 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śivarātri 1948 falls on Saturday 5 June. Caturdaśī runs from 19:24 on Sat 5 Jun to 18:12 on Sun 6 Jun and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-06-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/rambha-tritiya", "festival": "rambha-tritiya", "name": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-06-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1134, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1948-06-09T11:35:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-09T08:05:50Z", "ms": -680457249794.517 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-10T08:49:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-10T05:19:17Z", "ms": -680380842601.6693 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-06-09T11:35:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-09T08:05:50Z", "ms": -680457249794.517 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-10T08:49:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-10T05:19:17Z", "ms": -680380842601.6693 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-06-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-09T11:06:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-09T07:36:44Z", "ms": -680458996209.4524 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-09T11:54:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-09T08:24:44Z", "ms": -680456116209.4524 } }, "covered_min": 19, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-06-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-10T11:06:55+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-10T07:36:55Z", "ms": -680372584792.0288 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-10T11:54:55+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-10T08:24:55Z", "ms": -680369704792.0288 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 11:36 on Wed 9 Jun to 08:49 on Thu 10 Jun.", "fact": "1948-06-09T08:05:50Z → 1948-06-10T05:19:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:07–11:55 on the 9th, 11:07–11:55 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 19 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1134 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 9 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rambha-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Rambha trtiya (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Rambhā Tṛtīyā 1948 falls on Wednesday 9 June. Tṛtīyā runs from 11:36 on Wed 9 Jun to 08:49 on Thu 10 Jun and covers 19 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/rambha-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-06-10", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-06-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8258, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-06-10T08:49:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-10T05:19:17Z", "ms": -680380842601.6693 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-11T05:59:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-11T02:29:01Z", "ms": -680304659254.6733 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-06-10T08:49:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-10T05:19:17Z", "ms": -680380842601.6693 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-11T05:59:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-11T02:29:01Z", "ms": -680304659254.6733 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-06-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-10T11:06:55+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-10T07:36:55Z", "ms": -680372584792.0288 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-10T11:54:55+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-10T08:24:55Z", "ms": -680369704792.0288 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-06-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-11T11:07:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-11T07:37:07Z", "ms": -680286173166.5342 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-11T11:55:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-11T08:25:07Z", "ms": -680283293166.5342 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:49 on Thu 10 Jun to 05:59 on Fri 11 Jun.", "fact": "1948-06-10T05:19:17Z → 1948-06-11T02:29:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:07–11:55 on the 10th, 11:07–11:55 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8258 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 10 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vināyaka Caturthī 1948 falls on Thursday 10 June. Caturthī runs from 08:49 on Thu 10 Jun to 05:59 on Fri 11 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-06-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/aranya-gauri-vrata", "festival": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "name": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-06-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28496, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1948-06-12T03:12:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-11T23:42:22Z", "ms": -680228257827.2682 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-13T00:35:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-12T21:05:44Z", "ms": -680151256317.537 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-06-12T03:12:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-11T23:42:22Z", "ms": -680228257827.2682 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-13T00:35:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-12T21:05:44Z", "ms": -680151256317.537 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-06-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-12T11:07:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-12T07:37:19Z", "ms": -680199761358.3115 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-12T11:55:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-12T08:25:19Z", "ms": -680196881358.3115 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-06-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-13T11:07:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-13T07:37:31Z", "ms": -680113349391.6946 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-13T11:55:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-13T08:25:31Z", "ms": -680110469391.6946 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 03:12 on Sat 12 Jun to 00:36 on Sun 13 Jun.", "fact": "1948-06-11T23:42:22Z → 1948-06-12T21:05:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:07–11:55 on the 12th, 11:08–11:56 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28496 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 12 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Araṇya Gaurī Vrata 1948 falls on Saturday 12 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 03:12 on Sat 12 Jun to 00:36 on Sun 13 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/aranya-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "festival": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-06-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28496, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1948-06-12T03:12:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-11T23:42:22Z", "ms": -680228257827.2682 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-13T00:35:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-12T21:05:44Z", "ms": -680151256317.537 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-06-12T03:12:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-11T23:42:22Z", "ms": -680228257827.2682 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-13T00:35:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-12T21:05:44Z", "ms": -680151256317.537 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-06-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-12T11:07:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-12T07:37:19Z", "ms": -680199761358.3115 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-12T11:55:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-12T08:25:19Z", "ms": -680196881358.3115 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-06-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-13T11:07:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-13T07:37:31Z", "ms": -680113349391.6946 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-13T11:55:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-13T08:25:31Z", "ms": -680110469391.6946 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 03:12 on Sat 12 Jun to 00:36 on Sun 13 Jun.", "fact": "1948-06-11T23:42:22Z → 1948-06-12T21:05:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:07–11:55 on the 12th, 11:08–11:56 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 28496 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha), Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 12 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha) 1948 falls on Saturday 12 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 03:12 on Sat 12 Jun to 00:36 on Sun 13 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-06-17", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-06-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39759, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-06-16T17:11:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-16T13:41:04Z", "ms": -679832336214.9017 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-17T16:14:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-17T12:44:58Z", "ms": -679749301586.3453 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-06-16T17:11:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-16T13:41:04Z", "ms": -679832336214.9017 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-17T16:14:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-17T12:44:58Z", "ms": -679749301586.3453 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-06-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-17T04:13:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-17T00:43:42Z", "ms": -679792577646.6288 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-17T04:13:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-17T00:43:42Z", "ms": -679792577646.6288 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-06-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-18T04:13:49+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-18T00:43:49Z", "ms": -679706170889.3438 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-18T04:13:49+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-18T00:43:49Z", "ms": -679706170889.3438 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 17:11 on Wed 16 Jun to 16:15 on Thu 17 Jun.", "fact": "1948-06-16T13:41:04Z → 1948-06-17T12:44:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:14 on the 17th and 04:14 on the 18th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 17th and is not on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 39759 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 17 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Nirjalā Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Thursday 17 June. Ekādaśī runs from 17:11 on Wed 16 Jun to 16:15 on Thu 17 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-06-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shri-rama-dvadashi", "festival": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "name": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-06-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13523, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-06-17T16:14:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-17T12:44:58Z", "ms": -679749301586.3453 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-18T15:41:55+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-18T12:11:55Z", "ms": -679664885222.6454 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-06-17T16:14:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-17T12:44:58Z", "ms": -679749301586.3453 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-18T15:41:55+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-18T12:11:55Z", "ms": -679664885222.6454 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-06-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-17T11:08:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-17T07:38:20Z", "ms": -679767700389.6267 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-17T11:56:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-17T08:26:20Z", "ms": -679764820389.6267 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-06-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-18T11:08:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-18T07:38:32Z", "ms": -679681287959.5901 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-18T11:56:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-18T08:26:32Z", "ms": -679678407959.5901 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 16:15 on Thu 17 Jun to 15:42 on Fri 18 Jun.", "fact": "1948-06-17T12:44:58Z → 1948-06-18T12:11:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:08–11:56 on the 17th, 11:09–11:57 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 48 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 13523 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 18 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Sri Rama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Campaka dvadasi (Orissa) (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī 1948 falls on Friday 18 June. Dvādaśī runs from 16:15 on Thu 17 Jun to 15:42 on Fri 18 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shri-rama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-06-18", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-06-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11360, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-06-18T15:41:55+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-18T12:11:55Z", "ms": -679664885222.6454 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-19T15:32:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-19T12:02:03Z", "ms": -679579076590.7153 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-06-18T15:41:55+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-18T12:11:55Z", "ms": -679664885222.6454 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-19T15:32:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-19T12:02:03Z", "ms": -679579076590.7153 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-06-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-18T18:51:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-18T15:21:15Z", "ms": -679653525029.8363 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-18T20:06:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-18T16:36:17Z", "ms": -679649023366.1818 } }, "covered_min": 75, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-06-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-19T18:51:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-19T15:21:32Z", "ms": -679567108442.5646 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-19T20:06:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-19T16:36:32Z", "ms": -679562607670.7076 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 15:42 on Fri 18 Jun to 15:32 on Sat 19 Jun.", "fact": "1948-06-18T12:11:55Z → 1948-06-19T12:02:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:51–20:06 on the 18th, 18:52–20:07 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 75 of 75 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 75 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11360 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 18 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Friday 18 June. Trayodaśī runs from 15:42 on Fri 18 Jun to 15:32 on Sat 19 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-06-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vata-savitri-vrata", "festival": "vata-savitri-vrata", "name": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-06-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8877, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1948-06-20T15:45:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-20T12:15:52Z", "ms": -679491848068.2042 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-21T16:24:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-21T12:54:03Z", "ms": -679403157287.8003 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-06-20T15:45:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-20T12:15:52Z", "ms": -679491848068.2042 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-21T16:24:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-21T12:54:03Z", "ms": -679403157287.8003 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-06-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-20T18:51:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-20T15:21:47Z", "ms": -679480693391.8351 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-20T20:06:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-20T16:36:47Z", "ms": -679476193101.1387 } }, "covered_min": 75, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-06-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-21T18:52:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-21T15:22:00Z", "ms": -679394279897.7172 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-21T20:07:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-21T16:37:00Z", "ms": -679389779677.4775 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 15:46 on Sun 20 Jun to 16:24 on Mon 21 Jun.", "fact": "1948-06-20T12:15:52Z → 1948-06-21T12:54:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:52–20:07 on the 20th, 18:52–20:07 on the 21st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 75 of 75 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 75 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 8877 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 20 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vata-savitri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Vata-savitri vrata (Deccan) (pradosavyapini, purvaviddha), Snanayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata 1948 falls on Sunday 20 June. Pūrṇimā runs from 15:46 on Sun 20 Jun to 16:24 on Mon 21 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vata-savitri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-06-24", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-06-24", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2493, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-06-24T20:46:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-24T17:16:18Z", "ms": -679128222308.6108 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-25T22:56:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-25T19:26:22Z", "ms": -679034017768.4397 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-06-24T20:46:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-24T17:16:18Z", "ms": -679128222308.6108 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-25T22:56:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-25T19:26:22Z", "ms": -679034017768.4397 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-06-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-24T21:27:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-24T17:57:51Z", "ms": -679125728988.4211 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-24T21:27:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-24T17:57:51Z", "ms": -679125728988.4211 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-06-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-06-25T22:00:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-25T18:30:13Z", "ms": -679037387251.677 }, "end": { "local": "1948-06-25T22:00:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-06-25T18:30:13Z", "ms": -679037387251.677 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:46 on Thu 24 Jun to 22:56 on Fri 25 Jun.", "fact": "1948-06-24T17:16:18Z → 1948-06-25T19:26:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:28 on the 24th and 22:00 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both moonrises qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 2493 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 24 June.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-24", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-06-24", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1948 falls on Thursday 24 June. Caturthī runs from 20:46 on Thu 24 Jun to 22:56 on Fri 25 Jun and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-06-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-07-03", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Yoginī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-07-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17326, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-07-02T09:26:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-02T05:56:12Z", "ms": -678477827868.7318 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-03T09:07:14+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-03T05:37:14Z", "ms": -678392565944.8685 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-07-02T09:26:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-02T05:56:12Z", "ms": -678477827868.7318 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-03T09:07:14+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-03T05:37:14Z", "ms": -678392565944.8685 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-07-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-02T04:18:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-02T00:48:00Z", "ms": -678496319938.3248 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-02T04:18:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-02T00:48:00Z", "ms": -678496319938.3248 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-07-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-03T04:18:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-03T00:48:28Z", "ms": -678409891854.9326 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-03T04:18:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-03T00:48:28Z", "ms": -678409891854.9326 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 09:26 on Fri 2 Jul to 09:07 on Sat 3 Jul.", "fact": "1948-07-02T05:56:12Z → 1948-07-03T05:37:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:18 on the 2nd and 04:18 on the 3rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 2nd and is on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17326 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yoginī Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 3 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Yoginī Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Saturday 3 July. Ekādaśī runs from 09:26 on Fri 2 Jul to 09:07 on Sat 3 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-07-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-07-04", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-07-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35984, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-07-04T07:59:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-04T04:29:50Z", "ms": -678310210280.0292 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-05T06:07:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-05T02:37:46Z", "ms": -678230533569.9445 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-07-04T07:59:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-04T04:29:50Z", "ms": -678310210280.0292 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-05T06:07:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-05T02:37:46Z", "ms": -678230533569.9445 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-07-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-03T18:52:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-03T15:22:34Z", "ms": -678357445570.4218 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-03T20:08:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-03T16:38:05Z", "ms": -678352914505.552 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-07-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-04T18:52:26+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-04T15:22:26Z", "ms": -678271053754.836 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-04T20:08:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-04T16:38:02Z", "ms": -678266517542.6936 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:00 on Sun 4 Jul to 06:08 on Mon 5 Jul.", "fact": "1948-07-04T04:29:50Z → 1948-07-05T02:37:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:53–20:08 on the 3rd, 18:52–20:08 on the 4th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 76 minutes on the 3rd and 76 of 76 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35984 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 4 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Sunday 4 July. Trayodaśī runs from 08:00 on Sun 4 Jul to 06:08 on Mon 5 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-07-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-07-05", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-07-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13061, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-07-05T06:07:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-05T02:37:46Z", "ms": -678230533569.9445 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-06T03:37:49+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-06T00:07:49Z", "ms": -678153131234.721 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-07-05T06:07:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-05T02:37:46Z", "ms": -678230533569.9445 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-06T03:37:49+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-06T00:07:49Z", "ms": -678153131234.721 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-07-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-04T23:11:57+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-04T19:41:57Z", "ms": -678255482959.302 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-04T23:59:57+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-04T20:29:57Z", "ms": -678252602959.302 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-07-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-05T23:12:08+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-05T19:42:08Z", "ms": -678169072160.3337 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-06T00:00:08+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-05T20:30:08Z", "ms": -678166192160.3337 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 06:08 on Mon 5 Jul to 03:38 on Tue 6 Jul.", "fact": "1948-07-05T02:37:46Z → 1948-07-06T00:07:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:12–00:00 on the 4th, 23:12–00:00 on the 5th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13061 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 5 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śivarātri 1948 falls on Monday 5 July. Caturdaśī runs from 06:08 on Mon 5 Jul to 03:38 on Tue 6 Jul and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-07-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/rathayatra", "festival": "rathayatra", "name": "Rathayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-07-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21160, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1948-07-07T21:20:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-07T17:50:19Z", "ms": -678002981297.1759 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-08T17:53:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-08T14:23:01Z", "ms": -677929019434.2361 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-07-07T21:20:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-07T17:50:19Z", "ms": -678002981297.1759 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-08T17:53:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-08T14:23:01Z", "ms": -677929019434.2361 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-07T11:12:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-07T07:42:12Z", "ms": -678039468427.7695 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-07T12:00:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-07T08:30:12Z", "ms": -678036588427.7695 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-08T11:12:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-08T07:42:21Z", "ms": -677953059224.6296 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-08T12:00:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-08T08:30:21Z", "ms": -677950179224.6296 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 21:20 on Wed 7 Jul to 17:53 on Thu 8 Jul.", "fact": "1948-07-07T17:50:19Z → 1948-07-08T14:23:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:12–12:00 on the 7th, 11:12–12:00 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21160 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rathayātrā, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 8 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rathayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Rathayatra (paraviddha, special when combined with naksatra 'Pusya')" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Puṣya nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Rathayātrā 1948 falls on Thursday 8 July. Dvitīyā runs from 21:20 on Wed 7 Jul to 17:53 on Thu 8 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/rathayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/skanda-panchami", "festival": "skanda-panchami", "name": "Skanda Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-07-10", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 51, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1948-07-10T11:11:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-10T07:41:47Z", "ms": -677780293030.8607 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-11T08:15:49+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-11T04:45:49Z", "ms": -677704451124.5568 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-07-10T11:11:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-10T07:41:47Z", "ms": -677780293030.8607 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-11T08:15:49+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-11T04:45:49Z", "ms": -677704451124.5568 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-07-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-10T11:12:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-10T07:42:38Z", "ms": -677780242027.8774 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-10T12:00:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-10T08:30:38Z", "ms": -677777362027.8774 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-07-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-11T11:12:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-11T07:42:46Z", "ms": -677693834077.3379 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-11T12:00:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-11T08:30:46Z", "ms": -677690954077.3379 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 11:12 on Sat 10 Jul to 08:16 on Sun 11 Jul.", "fact": "1948-07-10T07:41:47Z → 1948-07-11T04:45:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:13–12:01 on the 10th, 11:13–12:01 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 51 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Pañcamī, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 10 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Skanda pancami (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-10", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Skanda Pañcamī 1948 falls on Saturday 10 July. Pañcamī runs from 11:12 on Sat 10 Jul to 08:16 on Sun 11 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It is 0 min 51 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/skanda-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-07-10", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-07-10", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 51, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-07-09T14:26:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-09T10:56:59Z", "ms": -677854980920.8159 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-10T11:11:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-10T07:41:47Z", "ms": -677780293030.8607 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-07-09T14:26:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-09T10:56:59Z", "ms": -677854980920.8159 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-10T11:11:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-10T07:41:47Z", "ms": -677780293030.8607 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-09T11:12:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-09T07:42:30Z", "ms": -677866650417.1599 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-09T12:00:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-09T08:30:30Z", "ms": -677863770417.1599 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-07-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-10T11:12:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-10T07:42:38Z", "ms": -677780242027.8774 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-10T12:00:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-10T08:30:38Z", "ms": -677777362027.8774 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:27 on Fri 9 Jul to 11:12 on Sat 10 Jul.", "fact": "1948-07-09T10:56:59Z → 1948-07-10T07:41:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:12–12:00 on the 9th, 11:13–12:01 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: unstated → second-day · margin 51 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 10 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-10", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vināyaka Caturthī 1948 falls on Saturday 10 July. Caturthī runs from 14:27 on Fri 9 Jul to 11:12 on Sat 10 Jul, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day. It is 0 min 51 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-07-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vivasvat-saptami", "festival": "vivasvat-saptami", "name": "Vivasvat Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-07-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19620, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1948-07-12T05:45:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-12T02:15:54Z", "ms": -677627046176.8967 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-13T03:46:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-13T00:16:52Z", "ms": -677547788395.082 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-07-12T05:45:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-12T02:15:54Z", "ms": -677627046176.8967 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-13T03:46:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-13T00:16:52Z", "ms": -677547788395.082 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-07-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-12T11:12:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-12T07:42:53Z", "ms": -677607426583.8901 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-12T12:00:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-12T08:30:53Z", "ms": -677604546583.8901 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-07-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-13T11:13:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-13T07:43:00Z", "ms": -677521019563.7168 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-13T12:01:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-13T08:31:00Z", "ms": -677518139563.7168 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 05:46 on Mon 12 Jul to 03:47 on Tue 13 Jul.", "fact": "1948-07-12T02:15:54Z → 1948-07-13T00:16:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:13–12:01 on the 12th, 11:13–12:01 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 19620 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vivasvat Saptamī, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 12 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vivasvat-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Vivasvat saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vivasvat Saptamī 1948 falls on Monday 12 July. Saptamī runs from 05:46 on Mon 12 Jul to 03:47 on Tue 13 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vivasvat-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-07-16", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-07-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11157, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-07-16T01:10:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-15T21:40:23Z", "ms": -677297977350.2693 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-17T01:20:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-16T21:50:50Z", "ms": -677210949970.0457 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-07-16T01:10:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-15T21:40:23Z", "ms": -677297977350.2693 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-17T01:20:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-16T21:50:50Z", "ms": -677210949970.0457 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-07-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-16T04:26:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-16T00:56:06Z", "ms": -677286233622.7153 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-16T04:26:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-16T00:56:06Z", "ms": -677286233622.7153 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-07-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-17T04:26:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-17T00:56:47Z", "ms": -677199792622.1494 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-17T04:26:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-17T00:56:47Z", "ms": -677199792622.1494 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 01:10 on Fri 16 Jul to 01:21 on Sat 17 Jul.", "fact": "1948-07-15T21:40:23Z → 1948-07-16T21:50:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:26 on the 16th and 04:27 on the 17th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 16th and is not on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11157 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 16 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Hariśayanī Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Friday 16 July. Ekādaśī runs from 01:10 on Fri 16 Jul to 01:21 on Sat 17 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-07-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-07-18", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-07-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21154, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-07-18T01:57:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-17T22:27:50Z", "ms": -677122330160.8127 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-19T02:58:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-18T23:28:23Z", "ms": -677032296615.6711 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-07-18T01:57:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-17T22:27:50Z", "ms": -677122330160.8127 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-19T02:58:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-18T23:28:23Z", "ms": -677032296615.6711 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-07-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-17T18:48:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-17T15:18:00Z", "ms": -677148120329.4163 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-17T20:05:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-17T16:35:16Z", "ms": -677143484416.7437 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-18T18:47:27+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-18T15:17:27Z", "ms": -677061753023.9456 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-18T20:04:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-18T16:34:53Z", "ms": -677057107119.6759 } }, "covered_min": 77, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 01:58 on Sun 18 Jul to 02:58 on Mon 19 Jul.", "fact": "1948-07-17T22:27:50Z → 1948-07-18T23:28:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:48–20:05 on the 17th, 18:47–20:05 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 77 minutes on the 17th and 77 of 77 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21154 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 18 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Sunday 18 July. Trayodaśī runs from 01:58 on Sun 18 Jul to 02:58 on Mon 19 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-07-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vyasa-puja", "festival": "vyasa-puja", "name": "Vyāsa Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-07-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 528, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1948-07-20T04:20:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-20T00:50:06Z", "ms": -676940994401.2454 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-21T06:01:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-21T02:31:02Z", "ms": -676848538286.0172 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-07-20T04:20:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-20T00:50:06Z", "ms": -676940994401.2454 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-21T06:01:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-21T02:31:02Z", "ms": -676848538286.0172 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-20T04:28:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-20T00:58:54Z", "ms": -676940465926.3243 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-20T07:20:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-20T03:50:23Z", "ms": -676930177427.0531 } }, "covered_min": 171, "window_min": 171, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-21T04:29:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-21T00:59:37Z", "ms": -676854022568.1405 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-21T07:20:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-21T03:50:50Z", "ms": -676843750275.3876 } }, "covered_min": 91, "window_min": 171, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 04:20 on Tue 20 Jul to 06:01 on Wed 21 Jul.", "fact": "1948-07-20T00:50:06Z → 1948-07-21T02:31:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 04:29–07:20 on the 20th, 04:30–07:21 on the 21st.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 171 of 171 minutes on the 20th and 91 of 171 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 528 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vyāsa Pūjā, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 20 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vyasa-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vyāsa Pūjā 1948 falls on Tuesday 20 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 04:20 on Tue 20 Jul to 06:01 on Wed 21 Jul and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vyasa-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/guru-purnima", "festival": "guru-purnima", "name": "Guru Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-07-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18756, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1948-07-20T04:20:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-20T00:50:06Z", "ms": -676940994401.2454 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-21T06:01:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-21T02:31:02Z", "ms": -676848538286.0172 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-07-20T04:20:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-20T00:50:06Z", "ms": -676940994401.2454 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-21T06:01:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-21T02:31:02Z", "ms": -676848538286.0172 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-20T11:13:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-20T07:43:35Z", "ms": -676916184678.1462 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-20T12:01:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-20T08:31:35Z", "ms": -676913304678.1462 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-21T11:13:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-21T07:43:38Z", "ms": -676829781836.258 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-21T12:01:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-21T08:31:38Z", "ms": -676826901836.258 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 04:20 on Tue 20 Jul to 06:01 on Wed 21 Jul.", "fact": "1948-07-20T00:50:06Z → 1948-07-21T02:31:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:14–12:02 on the 20th, 11:14–12:02 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18756 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Guru Pūrṇimā, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 20 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "guru-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Guru Pūrṇimā 1948 falls on Tuesday 20 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 04:20 on Tue 20 Jul to 06:01 on Wed 21 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/guru-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/kokila-vrata", "festival": "kokila-vrata", "name": "Kokilā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-07-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34393, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1948-07-20T04:20:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-20T00:50:06Z", "ms": -676940994401.2454 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-21T06:01:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-21T02:31:02Z", "ms": -676848538286.0172 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-07-20T04:20:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-20T00:50:06Z", "ms": -676940994401.2454 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-21T06:01:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-21T02:31:02Z", "ms": -676848538286.0172 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-19T15:55:08+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-19T12:25:08Z", "ms": -676985691665.877 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-19T18:46:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-19T15:16:53Z", "ms": -676975387396.8654 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 172, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-20T15:54:48+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-20T12:24:48Z", "ms": -676899311929.2393 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-20T18:46:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-20T15:16:17Z", "ms": -676889023429.968 } }, "covered_min": 171, "window_min": 171, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 04:20 on Tue 20 Jul to 06:01 on Wed 21 Jul.", "fact": "1948-07-20T00:50:06Z → 1948-07-21T02:31:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 15:55–18:47 on the 19th, 15:55–18:46 on the 20th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 172 minutes on the 19th and 171 of 171 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34393 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kokilā Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 20 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kokila-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kokilā Vrata 1948 falls on Tuesday 20 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 04:20 on Tue 20 Jul to 06:01 on Wed 21 Jul and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/kokila-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shiva-shayanotsava", "festival": "shiva-shayanotsava", "name": "Śiva Śayanotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-07-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29737, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1948-07-20T04:20:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-20T00:50:06Z", "ms": -676940994401.2454 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-21T06:01:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-21T02:31:02Z", "ms": -676848538286.0172 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-07-20T04:20:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-20T00:50:06Z", "ms": -676940994401.2454 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-21T06:01:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-21T02:31:02Z", "ms": -676848538286.0172 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-19T18:46:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-19T15:16:53Z", "ms": -676975387396.8654 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-19T20:04:29+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-19T16:34:29Z", "ms": -676970731200.7932 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-20T18:46:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-20T15:16:17Z", "ms": -676889023429.968 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-20T20:04:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-20T16:34:03Z", "ms": -676884356648.391 } }, "covered_min": 78, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 04:20 on Tue 20 Jul to 06:01 on Wed 21 Jul.", "fact": "1948-07-20T00:50:06Z → 1948-07-21T02:31:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:47–20:04 on the 19th, 18:46–20:04 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 78 minutes on the 19th and 78 of 78 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29737 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śiva Śayanotsava, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 20 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shiva-shayanotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śiva Śayanotsava 1948 falls on Tuesday 20 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 04:20 on Tue 20 Jul to 06:01 on Wed 21 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shiva-shayanotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-07-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37074, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1948-07-22T07:59:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-22T04:29:19Z", "ms": -676755041241.6418 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-23T10:12:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-23T06:42:19Z", "ms": -676660661450.6982 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-07-22T07:59:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-22T04:29:19Z", "ms": -676755041241.6418 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-23T10:12:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-23T06:42:19Z", "ms": -676660661450.6982 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-07-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-22T20:01:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-22T16:31:01Z", "ms": -676711739169.1274 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-22T20:01:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-22T16:31:01Z", "ms": -676711739169.1274 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-07-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-23T20:30:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-23T17:00:13Z", "ms": -676623587351.7675 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-23T20:30:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-23T17:00:13Z", "ms": -676623587351.7675 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 07:59 on Thu 22 Jul to 10:12 on Fri 23 Jul.", "fact": "1948-07-22T04:29:19Z → 1948-07-23T06:42:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:01 on the 22nd and 20:30 on the 23rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 22nd and is not on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37074 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha), Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 22 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunya sayana vrata (candrodaya vyapini; purvahna vyapini and purvaviddha in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row reads pūrvāhṇa and pūrvaviddha; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha) 1948 falls on Thursday 22 July. Dvitīyā runs from 07:59 on Thu 22 Jul to 10:12 on Fri 23 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-07-24", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-07-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22595, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-07-24T12:35:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-24T09:05:44Z", "ms": -676565655555.3126 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-25T15:02:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-25T11:32:59Z", "ms": -676470421145.9905 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-07-24T12:35:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-24T09:05:44Z", "ms": -676565655555.3126 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-25T15:02:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-25T11:32:59Z", "ms": -676470421145.9905 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-07-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-24T20:55:57+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-24T17:25:57Z", "ms": -676535642944.131 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-24T20:55:57+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-24T17:25:57Z", "ms": -676535642944.131 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-07-25T21:19:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-25T17:49:34Z", "ms": -676447825809.2711 }, "end": { "local": "1948-07-25T21:19:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-25T17:49:34Z", "ms": -676447825809.2711 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:36 on Sat 24 Jul to 15:03 on Sun 25 Jul.", "fact": "1948-07-24T09:05:44Z → 1948-07-25T11:32:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:56 on the 24th and 21:20 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 24th and is not on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22595 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 24 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-07-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1948 falls on Saturday 24 July. Caturthī runs from 12:36 on Sat 24 Jul to 15:03 on Sun 25 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-07-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-08-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25372, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-07-31T21:35:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-31T18:05:10Z", "ms": -675928490046.2644 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-01T20:04:26+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-01T16:34:26Z", "ms": -675847533571.3615 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-07-31T21:35:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-07-31T18:05:10Z", "ms": -675928490046.2644 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-01T20:04:26+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-01T16:34:26Z", "ms": -675847533571.3615 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-01T04:38:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-01T01:08:02Z", "ms": -675903117870.3079 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-01T04:38:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-01T01:08:02Z", "ms": -675903117870.3079 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-08-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-02T04:38:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-02T01:08:50Z", "ms": -675816670157.9784 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-02T04:38:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-02T01:08:50Z", "ms": -675816670157.9784 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:35 on Sat 31 Jul to 20:04 on Sun 1 Aug.", "fact": "1948-07-31T18:05:10Z → 1948-08-01T16:34:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:38 on the 1st and 04:39 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 1st and is not on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25372 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 1 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kāmikā Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Sunday 1 August. Ekādaśī runs from 21:35 on Sat 31 Jul to 20:04 on Sun 1 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-08-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-08-02", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2915, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-08-02T17:47:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-02T14:17:31Z", "ms": -675769348507.418 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-03T14:51:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-03T11:21:46Z", "ms": -675693494343.4232 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-08-02T17:47:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-02T14:17:31Z", "ms": -675769348507.418 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-03T14:51:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-03T11:21:46Z", "ms": -675693494343.4232 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-02T18:36:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-02T15:06:06Z", "ms": -675766433647.4545 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-02T19:56:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-02T16:26:35Z", "ms": -675761605461.7539 } }, "covered_min": 80, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-08-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-03T18:35:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-03T15:05:09Z", "ms": -675680090724.0681 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-03T19:55:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-03T16:25:51Z", "ms": -675675248519.2638 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:48 on Mon 2 Aug to 14:52 on Tue 3 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-02T14:17:31Z → 1948-08-03T11:21:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:36–19:57 on the 2nd, 18:35–19:56 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 80 of 80 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 81 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2915 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 2 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Monday 2 August. Trayodaśī runs from 17:48 on Mon 2 Aug to 14:52 on Tue 3 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-08-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-08-03", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30122, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-08-03T14:51:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-03T11:21:46Z", "ms": -675693494343.4232 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-04T11:26:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-04T07:56:36Z", "ms": -675619404215.3713 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-08-03T14:51:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-03T11:21:46Z", "ms": -675693494343.4232 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-04T11:26:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-04T07:56:36Z", "ms": -675619404215.3713 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-03T23:13:48+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-03T19:43:48Z", "ms": -675663372456.052 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-04T00:01:48+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-03T20:31:48Z", "ms": -675660492456.052 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-04T23:13:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-04T19:43:42Z", "ms": -675576977561.0002 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-05T00:01:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-04T20:31:42Z", "ms": -675574097561.0002 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 14:52 on Tue 3 Aug to 11:27 on Wed 4 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-03T11:21:46Z → 1948-08-04T07:56:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:14–00:02 on the 3rd, 23:14–00:02 on the 4th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30122 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 3 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śivarātri 1948 falls on Tuesday 3 August. Caturdaśī runs from 14:52 on Tue 3 Aug to 11:27 on Wed 4 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-08-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/madhusrava-tritiya", "festival": "madhusrava-tritiya", "name": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Hariyali Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30600, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1948-08-07T00:03:57+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-06T20:33:57Z", "ms": -675401163467.4518 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-07T20:30:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-07T17:00:59Z", "ms": -675327540614.2461 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-08-07T00:03:57+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-06T20:33:57Z", "ms": -675401163467.4518 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-07T20:30:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-07T17:00:59Z", "ms": -675327540614.2461 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-06T11:13:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-06T07:43:06Z", "ms": -675447413778.6581 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-06T12:01:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-06T08:31:06Z", "ms": -675444533778.6581 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-08-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-07T11:12:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-07T07:42:59Z", "ms": -675361020727.377 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-07T12:00:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-07T08:30:59Z", "ms": -675358140727.377 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 00:04 on Sat 7 Aug to 20:31 on Sat 7 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-06T20:33:57Z → 1948-08-07T17:00:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:13–12:01 on the 6th, 11:13–12:01 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30600 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 7 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "madhusrava-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Madhusrava (Gujerat) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Madhusravā Tṛtīyā (Hariyali Teej) 1948 falls on Saturday 7 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 00:04 on Sat 7 Aug to 20:31 on Sat 7 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/madhusrava-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-08-08", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19285, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-08-07T20:30:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-07T17:00:59Z", "ms": -675327540614.2461 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-08T17:22:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-08T13:52:17Z", "ms": -675252462827.9607 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-08-07T20:30:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-07T17:00:59Z", "ms": -675327540614.2461 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-08T17:22:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-08T13:52:17Z", "ms": -675252462827.9607 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-07T11:12:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-07T07:42:59Z", "ms": -675361020727.377 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-07T12:00:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-07T08:30:59Z", "ms": -675358140727.377 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-08-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-08T11:12:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-08T07:42:52Z", "ms": -675274628270.9264 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-08T12:00:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-08T08:30:52Z", "ms": -675271748270.9264 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:31 on Sat 7 Aug to 17:22 on Sun 8 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-07T17:00:59Z → 1948-08-08T13:52:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:13–12:01 on the 7th, 11:13–12:01 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19285 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 8 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vināyaka Caturthī 1948 falls on Sunday 8 August. Caturthī runs from 20:31 on Sat 7 Aug to 17:22 on Sun 8 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-08-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/naga-panchami", "festival": "naga-panchami", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9915, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1948-08-08T17:22:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-08T13:52:17Z", "ms": -675252462827.9607 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-09T14:45:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-09T11:15:59Z", "ms": -675175441096.3715 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-08-08T17:22:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-08T13:52:17Z", "ms": -675252462827.9607 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-09T14:45:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-09T11:15:59Z", "ms": -675175441096.3715 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-08T11:12:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-08T07:42:52Z", "ms": -675274628270.9264 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-08T12:00:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-08T08:30:52Z", "ms": -675271748270.9264 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-08-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-09T11:12:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-09T07:42:44Z", "ms": -675188236407.8354 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-09T12:00:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-09T08:30:44Z", "ms": -675185356407.8354 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 17:22 on Sun 8 Aug to 14:46 on Mon 9 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-08T13:52:17Z → 1948-08-09T11:15:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:13–12:01 on the 8th, 11:13–12:01 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9915 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 9 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Nāga Pañcamī 1948 falls on Monday 9 August. Pañcamī runs from 17:22 on Sun 8 Aug to 14:46 on Mon 9 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/naga-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-08-15", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25162, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-08-14T11:47:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-14T08:17:52Z", "ms": -674754127897.7273 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-15T13:00:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-15T09:30:38Z", "ms": -674663361812.4099 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-08-14T11:47:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-14T08:17:52Z", "ms": -674754127897.7273 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-15T13:00:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-15T09:30:38Z", "ms": -674663361812.4099 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-14T04:48:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-14T01:18:30Z", "ms": -674779289954.0568 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-14T04:48:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-14T01:18:30Z", "ms": -674779289954.0568 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-08-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-15T04:49:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-15T01:19:18Z", "ms": -674692841579.1582 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-15T04:49:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-15T01:19:18Z", "ms": -674692841579.1582 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:48 on Sat 14 Aug to 13:01 on Sun 15 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-14T08:17:52Z → 1948-08-15T09:30:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:49 on the 14th and 04:49 on the 15th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 14th and is on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25162 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 15 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Putradā Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Sunday 15 August. Ekādaśī runs from 11:48 on Sat 14 Aug to 13:01 on Sun 15 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-08-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/damodara-dvadashi", "festival": "damodara-dvadashi", "name": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3656, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-08-15T13:00:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-15T09:30:38Z", "ms": -674663361812.4099 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-16T14:37:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-16T11:07:34Z", "ms": -674571146477.1493 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-08-15T13:00:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-15T09:30:38Z", "ms": -674663361812.4099 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-16T14:37:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-16T11:07:34Z", "ms": -674571146477.1493 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-15T11:11:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-15T07:41:43Z", "ms": -674669897372.0889 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-15T11:59:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-15T08:29:43Z", "ms": -674667017372.0889 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-16T11:11:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-16T07:41:31Z", "ms": -674583509472.9711 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-16T11:59:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-16T08:29:31Z", "ms": -674580629472.9711 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 13:01 on Sun 15 Aug to 14:38 on Mon 16 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-15T09:30:38Z → 1948-08-16T11:07:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:12–12:00 on the 15th, 11:12–12:00 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3656 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 16 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "damodara-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Buddha dvadasi, Damodara dvadasi (purvaviddha), Visnu-pavitraropana." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-16", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Dāmodara Dvādaśī 1948 falls on Monday 16 August. Dvādaśī runs from 13:01 on Sun 15 Aug to 14:38 on Mon 16 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/damodara-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-08-16", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6396, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-08-16T14:37:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-16T11:07:34Z", "ms": -674571146477.1493 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-17T16:33:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-17T13:03:05Z", "ms": -674477814791.4128 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-08-16T14:37:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-16T11:07:34Z", "ms": -674571146477.1493 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-17T16:33:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-17T13:03:05Z", "ms": -674477814791.4128 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-16T18:20:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-16T14:50:54Z", "ms": -674557745686.1533 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-16T19:44:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-16T16:14:54Z", "ms": -674552705594.8971 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-17T18:19:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-17T14:49:41Z", "ms": -674471419193.777 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-17T19:43:57+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-17T16:13:57Z", "ms": -674466362875.8464 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:38 on Mon 16 Aug to 16:33 on Tue 17 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-16T11:07:34Z → 1948-08-17T13:03:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:21–19:45 on the 16th, 18:20–19:44 on the 17th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 84 of 84 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 84 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6396 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 16 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Monday 16 August. Trayodaśī runs from 14:38 on Mon 16 Aug to 16:33 on Tue 17 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-08-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/raksha-bandhana", "festival": "raksha-bandhana", "name": "Rakṣā Bandhana", "everyday": "Rakhi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10717, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1948-08-18T18:42:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-18T15:12:30Z", "ms": -674383649878.491 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-19T21:01:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-19T17:31:46Z", "ms": -674288893943.375 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "second-half", "start": { "local": "1948-08-19T07:51:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-19T04:21:09Z", "ms": -674336331452.1641 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-19T21:01:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-19T17:31:46Z", "ms": -674288893943.375 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-18T04:51:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-18T01:21:43Z", "ms": -674433496809.2975 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-19T04:52:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-19T01:22:31Z", "ms": -674347048685.4381 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-19T04:52:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-19T01:22:31Z", "ms": -674347048685.4381 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-20T04:53:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-20T01:23:19Z", "ms": -674260600631.8792 } }, "covered_min": 791, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 18:43 on Wed 18 Aug to 21:02 on Thu 19 Aug. Its second half begins at 07:51 on Thu 19 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-18T15:12:30Z → 1948-08-19T17:31:46Z · second half from 1948-08-19T04:21:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 04:52 on the 18th, and from 04:53 on the 19th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The second half of Pūrṇimā must be present during the day. It covers 0 of 1441 minutes on the 18th and 791 of 1441 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10717 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rakṣā Bandhana, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 19 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "raksha-bandhana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "day", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated", "half": "second" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Rakṣā Bandhana (Rakhi) 1948 falls on Thursday 19 August. The second half of Pūrṇimā runs from 07:51 on Thu 19 Aug to 21:02 on Thu 19 Aug and lies within that day, sunrise to sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/raksha-bandhana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/rishi-tarpana", "festival": "rishi-tarpana", "name": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24205, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1948-08-18T18:42:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-18T15:12:30Z", "ms": -674383649878.491 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-19T21:01:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-19T17:31:46Z", "ms": -674288893943.375 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-08-18T18:42:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-18T15:12:30Z", "ms": -674383649878.491 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-19T21:01:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-19T17:31:46Z", "ms": -674288893943.375 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-18T11:11:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-18T07:41:05Z", "ms": -674410735233.1733 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-18T11:59:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-18T08:29:05Z", "ms": -674407855233.1733 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-19T11:10:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-19T07:40:51Z", "ms": -674324348865.3196 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-19T11:58:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-19T08:28:51Z", "ms": -674321468865.3196 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 18:43 on Wed 18 Aug to 21:02 on Thu 19 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-18T15:12:30Z → 1948-08-19T17:31:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:11–11:59 on the 18th, 11:11–11:59 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 48 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24205 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 19 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa 1948 falls on Thursday 19 August. Pūrṇimā runs from 18:43 on Wed 18 Aug to 21:02 on Thu 19 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/rishi-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16030, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1948-08-20T23:26:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-20T19:56:58Z", "ms": -674193781830.9652 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-22T01:53:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-21T22:23:33Z", "ms": -674098586722.9839 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-08-20T23:26:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-20T19:56:58Z", "ms": -674193781830.9652 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-22T01:53:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-21T22:23:33Z", "ms": -674098586722.9839 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-20T18:59:48+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-20T15:29:48Z", "ms": -674209811808.1086 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-20T18:59:48+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-20T15:29:48Z", "ms": -674209811808.1086 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-21T19:23:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-21T15:53:50Z", "ms": -674121970137.1409 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-21T19:23:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-21T15:53:50Z", "ms": -674121970137.1409 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 23:27 on Fri 20 Aug to 01:54 on Sun 22 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-20T19:56:58Z → 1948-08-21T22:23:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:00 on the 20th and 19:24 on the 21st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 20th and is on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16030 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 21 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunyasayana vrata (Dvitiya current at moonrise; if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata 1948 falls on Saturday 21 August. Dvitīyā runs from 23:27 on Fri 20 Aug to 01:54 on Sun 22 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/kajjali-tritiya", "festival": "kajjali-tritiya", "name": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Kajari Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24853, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 17, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1948-08-22T01:53:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-21T22:23:33Z", "ms": -674098586722.9839 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-23T04:15:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-23T00:45:38Z", "ms": -674003661518.698 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-08-22T01:53:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-21T22:23:33Z", "ms": -674098586722.9839 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-23T04:15:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-23T00:45:38Z", "ms": -674003661518.698 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-22T11:10:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-22T07:40:07Z", "ms": -674065192595.0464 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-22T11:58:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-22T08:28:07Z", "ms": -674062312595.0464 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-23T11:09:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-23T07:39:52Z", "ms": -673978808064.9238 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-23T11:57:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-23T08:27:52Z", "ms": -673975928064.9238 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 01:54 on Sun 22 Aug to 04:16 on Mon 23 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-21T22:23:33Z → 1948-08-23T00:45:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:10–11:58 on the 22nd, 11:10–11:58 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24853 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 22 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kajjali-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 3 Kajjali trtiya, (paraviddha), Angaveta trtiya (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kajjalī Tṛtīyā (Kajari Teej) 1948 falls on Sunday 22 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 01:54 on Sun 22 Aug to 04:16 on Mon 23 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/kajjali-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/bahula-chaturthi", "festival": "bahula-chaturthi", "name": "Bahulā Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32770, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-08-23T04:15:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-23T00:45:38Z", "ms": -674003661518.698 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-24T06:25:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-24T02:55:41Z", "ms": -673909458630.642 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-08-23T04:15:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-23T00:45:38Z", "ms": -674003661518.698 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-24T06:25:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-24T02:55:41Z", "ms": -673909458630.642 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-23T15:32:45+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-23T12:02:45Z", "ms": -673963034766.9702 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-23T18:12:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-23T14:42:01Z", "ms": -673953479235.0012 } }, "covered_min": 159, "window_min": 159, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-24T15:31:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-24T12:01:51Z", "ms": -673876688856.0662 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-24T18:10:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-24T14:40:41Z", "ms": -673867158790.0453 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 159, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:16 on Mon 23 Aug to 06:26 on Tue 24 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-23T00:45:38Z → 1948-08-24T02:55:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 15:33–18:12 on the 23rd, 15:32–18:11 on the 24th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 159 of 159 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 159 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 32770 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bahulā Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 23 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bahula-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Bahula caturthi (Madhyadesa) (Sayahnavyapini: if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the 1st day)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Bahulā Caturthī 1948 falls on Monday 23 August. Caturthī runs from 04:16 on Mon 23 Aug to 06:26 on Tue 24 Aug and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/bahula-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-08-23", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30545, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-08-23T04:15:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-23T00:45:38Z", "ms": -674003661518.698 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-24T06:25:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-24T02:55:41Z", "ms": -673909458630.642 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-08-23T04:15:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-23T00:45:38Z", "ms": -674003661518.698 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-24T06:25:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-24T02:55:41Z", "ms": -673909458630.642 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-22T19:46:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-22T16:16:33Z", "ms": -674034206628.3098 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-22T19:46:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-22T16:16:33Z", "ms": -674034206628.3098 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-23T20:09:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-23T16:39:07Z", "ms": -673946453481.5187 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-23T20:09:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-23T16:39:07Z", "ms": -673946453481.5187 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:16 on Mon 23 Aug to 06:26 on Tue 24 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-23T00:45:38Z → 1948-08-24T02:55:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:47 on the 22nd and 20:09 on the 23rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 22nd and is on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30545 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 23 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1948 falls on Monday 23 August. Caturthī runs from 04:16 on Mon 23 Aug to 06:26 on Tue 24 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-08-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/hala-shashthi", "festival": "hala-shashthi", "name": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5739, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1948-08-25T08:14:45+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-25T04:44:45Z", "ms": -673816514642.3928 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-26T09:33:24+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-26T06:03:24Z", "ms": -673725396339.545 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-08-25T08:14:45+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-25T04:44:45Z", "ms": -673816514642.3928 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-26T09:33:24+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-26T06:03:24Z", "ms": -673725396339.545 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-25T11:09:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-25T07:39:20Z", "ms": -673806040249.4346 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-25T11:57:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-25T08:27:20Z", "ms": -673803160249.4346 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-26T11:09:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-26T07:39:03Z", "ms": -673719656931.7114 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-26T11:57:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-26T08:27:03Z", "ms": -673716776931.7114 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:15 on Wed 25 Aug to 09:33 on Thu 26 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-25T04:44:45Z → 1948-08-26T06:03:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:09–11:57 on the 25th, 11:09–11:57 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5739 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 25 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "hala-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Hala sasthi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Hala Ṣaṣṭhī 1948 falls on Wednesday 25 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:15 on Wed 25 Aug to 09:33 on Thu 26 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/hala-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shitala-saptami", "festival": "shitala-saptami", "name": "Śītalā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3346, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 21, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1948-08-26T09:33:24+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-26T06:03:24Z", "ms": -673725396339.545 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-27T10:13:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-27T06:43:00Z", "ms": -673636619505.082 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-08-26T09:33:24+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-26T06:03:24Z", "ms": -673725396339.545 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-27T10:13:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-27T06:43:00Z", "ms": -673636619505.082 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-26T11:09:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-26T07:39:03Z", "ms": -673719656931.7114 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-26T11:57:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-26T08:27:03Z", "ms": -673716776931.7114 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-27T11:08:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-27T07:38:46Z", "ms": -673633273985.7163 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-27T11:56:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-27T08:26:46Z", "ms": -673630393985.7163 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 09:33 on Thu 26 Aug to 10:13 on Fri 27 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-26T06:03:24Z → 1948-08-27T06:43:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:09–11:57 on the 26th, 11:09–11:57 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3346 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalā Saptamī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 26 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitala-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 7 Sitala saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-26", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śītalā Saptamī 1948 falls on Thursday 26 August. Saptamī runs from 09:33 on Thu 26 Aug to 10:13 on Fri 27 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shitala-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/janmashtami", "festival": "janmashtami", "name": "Janmāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36606, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1948-08-27T10:13:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-27T06:43:00Z", "ms": -673636619505.082 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-28T10:07:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-28T06:37:15Z", "ms": -673550564508.0692 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-08-27T10:13:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-27T06:43:00Z", "ms": -673636619505.082 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-28T10:07:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-28T06:37:15Z", "ms": -673550564508.0692 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-26T23:09:27+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-26T19:39:27Z", "ms": -673676433138.4359 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-26T23:57:27+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-26T20:27:27Z", "ms": -673673553138.4359 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-27T23:09:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-27T19:39:10Z", "ms": -673590050220.9734 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-27T23:57:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-27T20:27:10Z", "ms": -673587170220.9734 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 10:13 on Fri 27 Aug to 10:07 on Sat 28 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-27T06:43:00Z → 1948-08-28T06:37:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:09–23:57 on the 26th, 23:09–23:57 on the 27th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36606 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Janmāṣṭamī, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 27 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "janmashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Janmastami (madhyaratra-vyapini), if midnight is covered on two days, or not on any day, it is to be observed on the 2nd day; special when combined with naksatra 'Rohini' at midnight, more so when on Monday or Wednesday. If the combination occurs before midnight and 'Rohini' extends up to midnight, it is to be observed on that day. Gokulastami." } ], "not_evaluated": "The clauses on Rohiṇī nakṣatra, the Vaiṣṇava observance on the day after saptamī, and the Assam and South India reckoning in the solar month belong to other readings and are not applied.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Janmāṣṭamī 1948 falls on Friday 27 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 10:13 on Fri 27 Aug to 10:07 on Sat 28 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/janmashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-08-31", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ajā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-08-31", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 205, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-08-30T07:31:08+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-30T04:01:08Z", "ms": -673387132096.7867 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-31T05:05:29+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-31T01:35:29Z", "ms": -673309471395.0983 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-08-30T07:31:08+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-30T04:01:08Z", "ms": -673387132096.7867 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-31T05:05:29+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-31T01:35:29Z", "ms": -673309471395.0983 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-30T05:01:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-30T01:31:16Z", "ms": -673396123750.6534 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-30T05:01:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-30T01:31:16Z", "ms": -673396123750.6534 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-31T05:02:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-31T01:32:04Z", "ms": -673309676378.9899 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-31T05:02:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-31T01:32:04Z", "ms": -673309676378.9899 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 07:31 on Mon 30 Aug to 05:05 on Tue 31 Aug.", "fact": "1948-08-30T04:01:08Z → 1948-08-31T01:35:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:01 on the 30th and 05:02 on the 31st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 30th and is on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 205 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ajā Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 31 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-30", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-08-31", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Ajā Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Tuesday 31 August. Ekādaśī runs from 07:31 on Mon 30 Aug to 05:05 on Tue 31 Aug and is current at sunrise that day. It is 3 min 25 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-08-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-09-01", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11081, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-01T02:03:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-31T22:33:04Z", "ms": -673234016436.9705 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-01T22:32:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-01T19:02:53Z", "ms": -673160227312.9456 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-01T02:03:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-31T22:33:04Z", "ms": -673234016436.9705 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-01T22:32:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-01T19:02:53Z", "ms": -673160227312.9456 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-08-31T18:01:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-31T14:31:05Z", "ms": -673262934827.542 }, "end": { "local": "1948-08-31T19:29:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-08-31T15:59:19Z", "ms": -673257640724.9269 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 88, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-01T17:59:40+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-01T14:29:40Z", "ms": -673176619509.7511 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-01T19:28:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-01T15:58:12Z", "ms": -673171307813.4954 } }, "covered_min": 89, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 02:03 on Wed 1 Sep to 22:33 on Wed 1 Sep.", "fact": "1948-08-31T22:33:04Z → 1948-09-01T19:02:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:01–19:29 on the 31st, 18:00–19:28 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 88 minutes on the 31st and 89 of 89 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11081 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 1 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Wednesday 1 September. Trayodaśī runs from 02:03 on Wed 1 Sep to 22:33 on Wed 1 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-09-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-09-01", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2087, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-01T22:32:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-01T19:02:53Z", "ms": -673160227312.9456 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-02T18:45:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-02T15:15:15Z", "ms": -673087485014.2697 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-01T22:32:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-01T19:02:53Z", "ms": -673160227312.9456 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-02T18:45:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-02T15:15:15Z", "ms": -673087485014.2697 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-01T23:07:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-01T19:37:39Z", "ms": -673158140648.792 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-01T23:55:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-01T20:25:39Z", "ms": -673155260648.792 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-02T23:07:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-02T19:37:20Z", "ms": -673071759638.814 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-02T23:55:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-02T20:25:20Z", "ms": -673068879638.814 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:33 on Wed 1 Sep to 18:45 on Thu 2 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-01T19:02:53Z → 1948-09-02T15:15:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:08–23:56 on the 1st, 23:07–23:55 on the 2nd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2087 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 1 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śivarātri 1948 falls on Wednesday 1 September. Caturdaśī runs from 22:33 on Wed 1 Sep to 18:45 on Thu 2 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-09-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/aghora-chaturdashi", "festival": "aghora-chaturdashi", "name": "Aghora Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2510, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-01T22:32:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-01T19:02:53Z", "ms": -673160227312.9456 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-02T18:45:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-02T15:15:15Z", "ms": -673087485014.2697 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-01T22:32:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-01T19:02:53Z", "ms": -673160227312.9456 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-02T18:45:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-02T15:15:15Z", "ms": -673087485014.2697 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-01T17:59:40+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-01T14:29:40Z", "ms": -673176619509.7511 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-01T19:28:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-01T15:58:12Z", "ms": -673171307813.4954 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-02T17:58:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-02T14:28:15Z", "ms": -673090304708.1289 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-02T19:27:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-02T15:57:05Z", "ms": -673084975356.3116 } }, "covered_min": 47, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:33 on Wed 1 Sep to 18:45 on Thu 2 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-01T19:02:53Z → 1948-09-02T15:15:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:00–19:28 on the 1st, 17:58–19:27 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 89 minutes on the 1st and 47 of 89 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2510 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aghora Caturdaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 2 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aghora-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Aghora caturdasi (pradosa vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Aghora Caturdaśī 1948 falls on Thursday 2 September. Caturdaśī runs from 22:33 on Wed 1 Sep to 18:45 on Thu 2 Sep and covers 47 of 89 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/aghora-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/rudra-vrata", "festival": "rudra-vrata", "name": "Rudra Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-04", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 269, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1948-09-03T14:51:11+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-03T11:21:11Z", "ms": -673015129412.431 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-04T11:01:49+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-04T07:31:49Z", "ms": -672942490643.314 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-03T14:51:11+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-03T11:21:11Z", "ms": -673015129412.431 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-04T11:01:49+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-04T07:31:49Z", "ms": -672942490643.314 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-03T11:06:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-03T07:36:38Z", "ms": -673028602483.5051 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-03T11:54:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-03T08:24:38Z", "ms": -673025722483.5051 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-04T11:06:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-04T07:36:18Z", "ms": -672942221978.3761 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-04T11:54:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-04T08:24:18Z", "ms": -672939341978.3761 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 14:51 on Fri 3 Sep to 11:02 on Sat 4 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-03T11:21:11Z → 1948-09-04T07:31:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:07–11:55 on the 3rd, 11:06–11:54 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → second-day · margin 269 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rudra Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 4 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rudra-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Rudra vrata (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-04", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Rudra Vrata 1948 falls on Saturday 4 September. Pratipadā runs from 14:51 on Fri 3 Sep to 11:02 on Sat 4 Sep, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day. It is 4 min 29 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/rudra-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/haritalika-vrata", "festival": "haritalika-vrata", "name": "Haritālikā Vrata", "everyday": "Hartalika Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13075, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1948-09-05T07:28:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-05T03:58:03Z", "ms": -672868916960.8235 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-06T04:19:57+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-06T00:49:57Z", "ms": -672793803002.4524 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-05T07:28:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-05T03:58:03Z", "ms": -672868916960.8235 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-06T04:19:57+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-06T00:49:57Z", "ms": -672793803002.4524 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-05T11:05:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-05T07:35:58Z", "ms": -672855841720.1284 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-05T11:53:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-05T08:23:58Z", "ms": -672852961720.1284 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-06T11:05:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-06T07:35:38Z", "ms": -672769461695.3596 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-06T11:53:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-06T08:23:38Z", "ms": -672766581695.3596 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 07:28 on Sun 5 Sep to 04:20 on Mon 6 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-05T03:58:03Z → 1948-09-06T00:49:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:06–11:54 on the 5th, 11:06–11:54 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13075 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Haritālikā Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 5 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "haritalika-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Haritalika vrata (paraviddha), Gauri vrata (Orissa), Gauri (Mysore)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Haritālikā Vrata (Hartalika Teej) 1948 falls on Sunday 5 September. Tṛtīyā runs from 07:28 on Sun 5 Sep to 04:20 on Mon 6 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/haritalika-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ganesha-chaturthi", "festival": "ganesha-chaturthi", "name": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24341, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-06T04:19:57+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-06T00:49:57Z", "ms": -672793803002.4524 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-07T01:46:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-06T22:16:18Z", "ms": -672716621618.1501 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-06T04:19:57+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-06T00:49:57Z", "ms": -672793803002.4524 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-07T01:46:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-06T22:16:18Z", "ms": -672716621618.1501 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-06T11:05:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-06T07:35:38Z", "ms": -672769461695.3596 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-06T11:53:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-06T08:23:38Z", "ms": -672766581695.3596 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-07T11:05:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-07T07:35:18Z", "ms": -672683081889.4214 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-07T11:53:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-07T08:23:18Z", "ms": -672680201889.4214 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:20 on Mon 6 Sep to 01:46 on Tue 7 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-06T00:49:57Z → 1948-09-06T22:16:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:06–11:54 on the 6th, 11:05–11:53 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 24341 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 6 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Varada caturthi (purvaviddha, madhyahnavyapini), Samvatsari parva (Jain-caturthi paksa), Saubhagya caturthi (Bengal), Ganesa caturthi (madhyahna vyapini and purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Gaṇeśa Caturthī 1948 falls on Monday 6 September. Caturthī runs from 04:20 on Mon 6 Sep to 01:46 on Tue 7 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ganesha-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/rishi-panchami", "festival": "rishi-panchami", "name": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33540, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-07T01:46:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-06T22:16:18Z", "ms": -672716621618.1501 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-07T23:54:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-07T20:24:00Z", "ms": -672636960058.6589 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-07T01:46:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-06T22:16:18Z", "ms": -672716621618.1501 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-07T23:54:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-07T20:24:00Z", "ms": -672636960058.6589 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-07T11:05:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-07T07:35:18Z", "ms": -672683081889.4214 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-07T11:53:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-07T08:23:18Z", "ms": -672680201889.4214 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-08T11:04:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-08T07:34:58Z", "ms": -672596702286.3386 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-08T11:52:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-08T08:22:58Z", "ms": -672593822286.3386 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 01:46 on Tue 7 Sep to 23:54 on Tue 7 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-06T22:16:18Z → 1948-09-07T20:24:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:05–11:53 on the 7th, 11:05–11:53 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 33540 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 7 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 1948 falls on Tuesday 7 September. Pañcamī runs from 01:46 on Tue 7 Sep to 23:54 on Tue 7 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/rishi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "festival": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39265, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-07T23:54:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-07T20:24:00Z", "ms": -672636960058.6589 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-08T22:47:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-08T19:17:23Z", "ms": -672554557464.9171 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-07T23:54:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-07T20:24:00Z", "ms": -672636960058.6589 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-08T22:47:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-08T19:17:23Z", "ms": -672554557464.9171 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-07T11:05:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-07T07:35:18Z", "ms": -672683081889.4214 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-07T11:53:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-07T08:23:18Z", "ms": -672680201889.4214 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-08T11:04:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-08T07:34:58Z", "ms": -672596702286.3386 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-08T11:52:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-08T08:22:58Z", "ms": -672593822286.3386 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 23:54 on Tue 7 Sep to 22:47 on Wed 8 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-07T20:24:00Z → 1948-09-08T19:17:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:05–11:53 on the 7th, 11:05–11:53 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 39265 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada), Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 8 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Surya sasthi (paraviddha), Lolarka sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada) 1948 falls on Wednesday 8 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 23:54 on Tue 7 Sep to 22:47 on Wed 8 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/muktabharana-vrata", "festival": "muktabharana-vrata", "name": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38107, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-08T22:47:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-08T19:17:23Z", "ms": -672554557464.9171 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-09T22:27:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-09T18:57:44Z", "ms": -672469335948.5874 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-08T22:47:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-08T19:17:23Z", "ms": -672554557464.9171 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-09T22:27:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-09T18:57:44Z", "ms": -672469335948.5874 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-08T11:04:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-08T07:34:58Z", "ms": -672596702286.3386 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-08T11:52:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-08T08:22:58Z", "ms": -672593822286.3386 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-09T11:04:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-09T07:34:37Z", "ms": -672510322868.8889 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-09T11:52:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-09T08:22:37Z", "ms": -672507442868.8889 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 22:47 on Wed 8 Sep to 22:28 on Thu 9 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-08T19:17:23Z → 1948-09-09T18:57:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:05–11:53 on the 8th, 11:05–11:53 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 38107 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 9 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "muktabharana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Muktabharana vrata (purvaviddha), Lalita saptami (Bengal & Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Muktābharaṇa Vrata 1948 falls on Thursday 9 September. Saptamī runs from 22:47 on Wed 8 Sep to 22:28 on Thu 9 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/muktabharana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/radhashtami", "festival": "radhashtami", "name": "Rādhāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38107, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-09T22:27:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-09T18:57:44Z", "ms": -672469335948.5874 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-10T22:53:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-10T19:23:06Z", "ms": -672381414138.5449 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-09T22:27:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-09T18:57:44Z", "ms": -672469335948.5874 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-10T22:53:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-10T19:23:06Z", "ms": -672381414138.5449 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-09T11:04:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-09T07:34:37Z", "ms": -672510322868.8889 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-09T11:52:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-09T08:22:37Z", "ms": -672507442868.8889 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-10T11:04:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-10T07:34:16Z", "ms": -672423943618.7551 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-10T11:52:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-10T08:22:16Z", "ms": -672421063618.7551 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 22:28 on Thu 9 Sep to 22:53 on Fri 10 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-09T18:57:44Z → 1948-09-10T19:23:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:05–11:53 on the 9th, 11:04–11:52 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 38107 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rādhāṣṭamī, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 10 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "radhashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Durvastami (purvaviddha — S 8 of saura Bhadra except Bengal), Mahalaksmi vratarambha, Radhastami (madhyahna vyapini)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Rādhāṣṭamī 1948 falls on Friday 10 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 22:28 on Thu 9 Sep to 22:53 on Fri 10 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/radhashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-09-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5660, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-13T01:36:29+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-12T22:06:29Z", "ms": -672198811137.3611 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-14T03:38:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-14T00:08:42Z", "ms": -672105078431.7028 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-13T01:36:29+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-12T22:06:29Z", "ms": -672198811137.3611 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-14T03:38:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-14T00:08:42Z", "ms": -672105078431.7028 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-13T05:12:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-13T01:42:15Z", "ms": -672185864834.6989 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-13T05:12:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-13T01:42:15Z", "ms": -672185864834.6989 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-14T05:13:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-14T01:43:02Z", "ms": -672099417967.5284 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-14T05:13:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-14T01:43:02Z", "ms": -672099417967.5284 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 01:36 on Mon 13 Sep to 03:39 on Tue 14 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-12T22:06:29Z → 1948-09-14T00:08:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:12 on the 13th and 05:13 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 13th and is not on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5660 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 13 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Parivartanī Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Monday 13 September. Ekādaśī runs from 01:36 on Mon 13 Sep to 03:39 on Tue 14 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-09-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vamana-jayanti", "festival": "vamana-jayanti", "name": "Vāmana Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18358, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-14T03:38:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-14T00:08:42Z", "ms": -672105078431.7028 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-15T05:56:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-15T02:26:33Z", "ms": -672010406950.8995 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-14T03:38:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-14T00:08:42Z", "ms": -672105078431.7028 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-15T05:56:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-15T02:26:33Z", "ms": -672010406950.8995 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-14T11:02:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-14T07:32:52Z", "ms": -672078427895.6487 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-14T11:50:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-14T08:20:52Z", "ms": -672075547895.6487 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-15T11:02:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-15T07:32:31Z", "ms": -671992049179.5082 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-15T11:50:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-15T08:20:31Z", "ms": -671989169179.5082 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 03:39 on Tue 14 Sep to 05:57 on Wed 15 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-14T00:08:42Z → 1948-09-15T02:26:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:03–11:51 on the 14th, 11:03–11:51 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18358 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vāmana Jayantī, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 14 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vamana-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Visnuparivartanotsava, Sakrotthana (in any of the naksatras U. Asadha, Sravana & Dhanistha), Kalki dvadasi, Sravana dvadasi (when combined with naksatra Sravana), Vamana jayanti (madhyahna vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vāmana Jayantī 1948 falls on Tuesday 14 September. Dvādaśī runs from 03:39 on Tue 14 Sep to 05:57 on Wed 15 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vamana-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-09-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33322, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-15T05:56:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-15T02:26:33Z", "ms": -672010406950.8995 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-16T08:22:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-16T04:52:21Z", "ms": -671915259058.0033 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-15T05:56:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-15T02:26:33Z", "ms": -672010406950.8995 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-16T08:22:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-16T04:52:21Z", "ms": -671915259058.0033 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-15T17:39:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-15T14:09:13Z", "ms": -671968247281.7683 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-15T19:11:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-15T15:41:56Z", "ms": -671962684197.5985 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-09-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-16T17:37:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-16T14:07:43Z", "ms": -671881936862.2394 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-16T19:10:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-16T15:40:44Z", "ms": -671876355570.1692 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:57 on Wed 15 Sep to 08:22 on Thu 16 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-15T02:26:33Z → 1948-09-16T04:52:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:39–19:12 on the 15th, 17:38–19:11 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 93 of 93 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 93 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33322 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 15 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Wednesday 15 September. Trayodaśī runs from 05:57 on Wed 15 Sep to 08:22 on Thu 16 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-09-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ananta-chaturdashi", "festival": "ananta-chaturdashi", "name": "Ananta Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2348, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-16T08:22:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-16T04:52:21Z", "ms": -671915259058.0033 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-17T10:49:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-17T07:19:35Z", "ms": -671820025068.9998 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-16T08:22:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-16T04:52:21Z", "ms": -671915259058.0033 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-17T10:49:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-17T07:19:35Z", "ms": -671820025068.9998 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-16T05:14:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-16T01:44:36Z", "ms": -671926524150.4946 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-16T07:43:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-16T04:13:13Z", "ms": -671917606692.8436 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 149, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-17T05:15:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-17T01:45:23Z", "ms": -671840077171.7129 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-17T07:43:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-17T04:13:33Z", "ms": -671831187044.2582 } }, "covered_min": 148, "window_min": 148, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 08:22 on Thu 16 Sep to 10:50 on Fri 17 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-16T04:52:21Z → 1948-09-17T07:19:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:15–07:43 on the 16th, 05:15–07:44 on the 17th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 149 minutes on the 16th and 148 of 148 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2348 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ananta Caturdaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 17 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananta-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Ananta caturdasi (covering three muhurtas from sunrise, but one muhurta in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row asks for one muhūrta from sunrise; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Ananta Caturdaśī 1948 falls on Friday 17 September. Caturdaśī runs from 08:22 on Thu 16 Sep to 10:50 on Fri 17 Sep and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ananta-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-09-22", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 499, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-21T19:10:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-21T15:40:21Z", "ms": -671444378594.6027 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-22T20:28:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-22T16:58:23Z", "ms": -671353296552.6802 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-21T19:10:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-21T15:40:21Z", "ms": -671444378594.6027 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-22T20:28:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-22T16:58:23Z", "ms": -671353296552.6802 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-21T19:02:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-21T15:32:02Z", "ms": -671444878072.8817 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-21T19:02:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-21T15:32:02Z", "ms": -671444878072.8817 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-09-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-22T19:30:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-22T16:00:09Z", "ms": -671356791134.0168 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-22T19:30:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-22T16:00:09Z", "ms": -671356791134.0168 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:10 on Tue 21 Sep to 20:28 on Wed 22 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-21T15:40:21Z → 1948-09-22T16:58:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:02 on the 21st and 19:30 on the 22nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 499 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 22 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1948 falls on Wednesday 22 September. Caturthī runs from 19:10 on Tue 21 Sep to 20:28 on Wed 22 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-09-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/chandra-shashthi", "festival": "chandra-shashthi", "name": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2799, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-23T21:16:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-23T17:46:36Z", "ms": -671264004205.61 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-24T21:29:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-24T17:59:53Z", "ms": -671176806887.1617 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-23T21:16:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-23T17:46:36Z", "ms": -671264004205.61 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-24T21:29:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-24T17:59:53Z", "ms": -671176806887.1617 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-23T20:03:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-23T16:33:13Z", "ms": -671268406971.8463 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-23T20:03:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-23T16:33:13Z", "ms": -671268406971.8463 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-24T20:43:14+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-24T17:13:14Z", "ms": -671179605869.39 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-24T20:43:14+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-24T17:13:14Z", "ms": -671179605869.39 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 21:17 on Thu 23 Sep to 21:30 on Fri 24 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-23T17:46:36Z → 1948-09-24T17:59:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:03 on the 23rd and 20:43 on the 24th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 23rd and is on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 2799 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 24 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chandra-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Candra sasthi (Sasthi current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Candra Ṣaṣṭhī 1948 falls on Friday 24 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 21:17 on Thu 23 Sep to 21:30 on Fri 24 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/chandra-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "festival": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "name": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1656, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-25T21:04:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-25T17:34:32Z", "ms": -671091928426.454 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-26T19:58:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-26T16:28:51Z", "ms": -671009468753.6128 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-25T21:04:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-25T17:34:32Z", "ms": -671091928426.454 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-26T19:58:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-26T16:28:51Z", "ms": -671009468753.6128 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-25T21:32:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-25T18:02:07Z", "ms": -671090272883.6324 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-25T21:32:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-25T18:02:07Z", "ms": -671090272883.6324 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-26T22:30:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-26T19:00:50Z", "ms": -671000349629.5667 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-26T22:30:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-26T19:00:50Z", "ms": -671000349629.5667 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 21:05 on Sat 25 Sep to 19:59 on Sun 26 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-25T17:34:32Z → 1948-09-26T16:28:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:32 on the 25th and 22:31 on the 26th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 25th and is not on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1656 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 25 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana 1948 falls on Saturday 25 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 21:05 on Sat 25 Sep to 19:59 on Sun 26 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/jitashtami", "festival": "jitashtami", "name": "Jitāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Jitiya", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3600, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-25T21:04:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-25T17:34:32Z", "ms": -671091928426.454 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-26T19:58:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-26T16:28:51Z", "ms": -671009468753.6128 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-25T21:04:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-25T17:34:32Z", "ms": -671091928426.454 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-26T19:58:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-26T16:28:51Z", "ms": -671009468753.6128 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-25T17:24:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-25T13:54:16Z", "ms": -671105143585.312 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-25T19:00:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-25T15:30:02Z", "ms": -671099397702.795 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 96, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-26T17:22:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-26T13:52:47Z", "ms": -671018832722.9148 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-26T18:58:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-26T15:28:51Z", "ms": -671013068508.908 } }, "covered_min": 96, "window_min": 96, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 21:05 on Sat 25 Sep to 19:59 on Sun 26 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-25T17:34:32Z → 1948-09-26T16:28:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:24–19:00 on the 25th, 17:23–18:59 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 96 minutes on the 25th and 96 of 96 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3600 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jitāṣṭamī, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 26 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "jitashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Jitāṣṭamī (Jitiya) 1948 falls on Sunday 26 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 21:05 on Sat 25 Sep to 19:59 on Sun 26 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/jitashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-09-29", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Indirā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27328, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-28T15:52:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-28T12:22:20Z", "ms": -670851460103.87 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-29T13:00:24+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-29T09:30:24Z", "ms": -670775375942.0444 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-28T15:52:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-28T12:22:20Z", "ms": -670851460103.87 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-29T13:00:24+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-29T09:30:24Z", "ms": -670775375942.0444 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-28T05:24:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-28T01:54:07Z", "ms": -670889152554.5249 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-28T05:24:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-28T01:54:07Z", "ms": -670889152554.5249 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-29T05:24:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-29T01:54:56Z", "ms": -670802703766.4067 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-29T05:24:56+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-29T01:54:56Z", "ms": -670802703766.4067 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:52 on Tue 28 Sep to 13:00 on Wed 29 Sep.", "fact": "1948-09-28T12:22:20Z → 1948-09-29T09:30:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:24 on the 28th and 05:25 on the 29th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 28th and is on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27328 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Indirā Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 29 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Indirā Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Wednesday 29 September. Ekādaśī runs from 15:52 on Tue 28 Sep to 13:00 on Wed 29 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-09-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-09-30", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-09-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27096, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-09-30T09:45:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-30T06:15:17Z", "ms": -670700682599.1449 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-01T06:15:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-01T02:45:43Z", "ms": -670626857090.8569 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-09-30T09:45:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-30T06:15:17Z", "ms": -670700682599.1449 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-01T06:15:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-01T02:45:43Z", "ms": -670626857090.8569 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-30T17:16:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-30T13:46:53Z", "ms": -670673586883.982 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-30T18:54:11+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-30T15:24:11Z", "ms": -670667749363.9076 } }, "covered_min": 97, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-01T17:15:25+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-01T13:45:25Z", "ms": -670587274684.3711 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-01T18:53:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-01T15:23:01Z", "ms": -670581418856.554 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 09:45 on Thu 30 Sep to 06:16 on Fri 1 Oct.", "fact": "1948-09-30T06:15:17Z → 1948-10-01T02:45:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:17–18:54 on the 30th, 17:15–18:53 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 97 of 97 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 98 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27096 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 30 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Thursday 30 September. Trayodaśī runs from 09:45 on Thu 30 Sep to 06:16 on Fri 1 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-09-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-10-01", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10549, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-10-01T06:15:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-01T02:45:43Z", "ms": -670626857090.8569 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-02T02:41:14+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-01T23:11:14Z", "ms": -670553326261.8469 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-01T06:15:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-01T02:45:43Z", "ms": -670626857090.8569 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-02T02:41:14+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-01T23:11:14Z", "ms": -670553326261.8469 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-09-30T22:57:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-30T19:27:44Z", "ms": -670653136183.7029 }, "end": { "local": "1948-09-30T23:45:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-09-30T20:15:44Z", "ms": -670650256183.7029 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-01T22:57:25+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-01T19:27:25Z", "ms": -670566755330.0569 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-01T23:45:25+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-01T20:15:25Z", "ms": -670563875330.0569 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 06:16 on Fri 1 Oct to 02:41 on Sat 2 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-01T02:45:43Z → 1948-10-01T23:11:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 22:58–23:46 on the 30th, 22:57–23:45 on the 1st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10549 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 1 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śivarātri 1948 falls on Friday 1 October. Caturdaśī runs from 06:16 on Fri 1 Oct to 02:41 on Sat 2 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-10-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/mahalaya-amavasya", "festival": "mahalaya-amavasya", "name": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā", "everyday": "Sarvapitṛ Amāvāsyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29948, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1948-10-02T02:41:14+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-01T23:11:14Z", "ms": -670553326261.8469 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-02T23:11:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-02T19:41:47Z", "ms": -670479492531.3855 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-02T02:41:14+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-01T23:11:14Z", "ms": -670553326261.8469 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-02T23:11:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-02T19:41:47Z", "ms": -670479492531.3855 } }, "kaala": "aparahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-01T12:31:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-01T09:01:53Z", "ms": -670604287003.9922 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-01T14:53:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-01T11:23:39Z", "ms": -670595780844.1816 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 142, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-10-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-02T12:31:20+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-02T09:01:20Z", "ms": -670517919670.876 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-02T14:52:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-02T11:22:39Z", "ms": -670509440902.5872 } }, "covered_min": 141, "window_min": 141, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 02:41 on Sat 2 Oct to 23:12 on Sat 2 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-01T23:11:14Z → 1948-10-02T19:41:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aparāhṇa is 10th to 12th of 15 day muhūrtas: 12:32–14:54 on the 1st, 12:31–14:53 on the 2nd.", "fact": "aparahna: day-muhurta-10-12 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during aparāhṇa. It covers 0 of 142 minutes on the 1st and 141 of 141 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29948 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 2 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalaya-amavasya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Mahalaya amavasya (aparahnavyapini)" } ], "not_evaluated": "The note on p. 106 gives the first day in a decreasing tithimāna and the second in an increasing one, when amāvāsyā covers the whole of aparāhṇa on both days; tithimāna is not computed.", "kaala": "aparahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Mahālaya Amāvāsyā 1948 falls on Saturday 2 October. Amāvasyā runs from 02:41 on Sat 2 Oct to 23:12 on Sat 2 Oct and covers all of aparāhṇa that afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/mahalaya-amavasya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/navaratra-arambha", "festival": "navaratra-arambha", "name": "Navarātrārambha", "everyday": "Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29580, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1948-10-02T23:11:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-02T19:41:47Z", "ms": -670479492531.3855 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-03T19:57:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-03T16:27:22Z", "ms": -670404757917.4338 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-02T23:11:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-02T19:41:47Z", "ms": -670479492531.3855 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-03T19:57:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-03T16:27:22Z", "ms": -670404757917.4338 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-02T10:56:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-02T07:26:41Z", "ms": -670523599055.0205 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-02T11:44:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-02T08:14:41Z", "ms": -670520719055.0205 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-10-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-03T10:56:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-03T07:26:22Z", "ms": -670437217712.2312 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-03T11:44:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-03T08:14:22Z", "ms": -670434337712.2312 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 23:12 on Sat 2 Oct to 19:57 on Sun 3 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-02T19:41:47Z → 1948-10-03T16:27:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 10:57–11:45 on the 2nd, 10:56–11:44 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29580 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 3 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Navarātrārambha (Navratri) 1948 falls on Sunday 3 October. Pratipadā runs from 23:12 on Sat 2 Oct to 19:57 on Sun 3 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/navaratra-arambha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-10-06", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5471, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-10-05T14:50:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-05T11:20:53Z", "ms": -670250346547.3552 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-06T13:14:40+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-06T09:44:40Z", "ms": -670169720332.7225 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-05T14:50:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-05T11:20:53Z", "ms": -670250346547.3552 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-06T13:14:40+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-06T09:44:40Z", "ms": -670169720332.7225 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-05T10:55:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-05T07:25:46Z", "ms": -670264454022.7054 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-05T11:43:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-05T08:13:46Z", "ms": -670261574022.7054 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-06T10:55:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-06T07:25:28Z", "ms": -670178071643.888 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-06T11:43:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-06T08:13:28Z", "ms": -670175191643.888 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:51 on Tue 5 Oct to 13:15 on Wed 6 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-05T11:20:53Z → 1948-10-06T09:44:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 10:56–11:44 on the 5th, 10:55–11:43 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5471 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 6 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vināyaka Caturthī 1948 falls on Wednesday 6 October. Caturthī runs from 14:51 on Tue 5 Oct to 13:15 on Wed 6 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-10-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/durga-saptami", "festival": "durga-saptami", "name": "Durgā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21706, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1948-10-08T12:20:24+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-08T08:50:24Z", "ms": -670000175799.3416 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-09T13:03:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-09T09:33:04Z", "ms": -669911216184.3383 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-08T12:20:24+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-08T08:50:24Z", "ms": -670000175799.3416 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-09T13:03:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-09T09:33:04Z", "ms": -669911216184.3383 } }, "kaala": "udaya-1", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-08T05:32:26+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-08T02:02:26Z", "ms": -670024653502.6096 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-08T06:18:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-08T02:48:38Z", "ms": -670021881799.9625 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 46, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-09T05:33:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-09T02:03:18Z", "ms": -669938202139.286 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-09T06:19:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-09T02:49:21Z", "ms": -669935439475.927 } }, "covered_min": 46, "window_min": 46, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 12:20 on Fri 8 Oct to 13:03 on Sat 9 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-08T08:50:24Z → 1948-10-09T09:33:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first muhūrta after sunrise is 1st of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:32–06:19 on the 8th, 05:33–06:19 on the 9th.", "fact": "udaya-1: day-muhurta-1-1 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must hold through the first muhūrta after sunrise. It covers 0 of 46 minutes on the 8th and 46 of 46 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21706 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Saptamī, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 9 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Durga saptami (paraviddha) — covering one muhurta from sunrise" } ], "kaala": "udaya-1", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Durgā Saptamī 1948 falls on Saturday 9 October. Saptamī runs from 12:20 on Fri 8 Oct to 13:03 on Sat 9 Oct and covers all of the first muhūrta after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/durga-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/mahashtami", "festival": "mahashtami", "name": "Mahāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Durga Ashtami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4826, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1948-10-09T13:03:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-09T09:33:04Z", "ms": -669911216184.3383 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-10T14:26:45+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-10T10:56:45Z", "ms": -669819795044.9553 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-09T13:03:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-09T09:33:04Z", "ms": -669911216184.3383 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-10T14:26:45+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-10T10:56:45Z", "ms": -669819795044.9553 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-09T10:54:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-09T07:24:38Z", "ms": -669918922164.0938 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-09T11:42:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-09T08:12:38Z", "ms": -669916042164.0938 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-10T10:54:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-10T07:24:22Z", "ms": -669832538161.4647 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-10T11:42:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-10T08:12:22Z", "ms": -669829658161.4647 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 13:03 on Sat 9 Oct to 14:27 on Sun 10 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-09T09:33:04Z → 1948-10-10T10:56:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 10:55–11:43 on the 9th, 10:54–11:42 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4826 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāṣṭamī, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 10 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 1948 falls on Sunday 10 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 13:03 on Sat 9 Oct to 14:27 on Sun 10 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/mahashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/mahanavami", "festival": "mahanavami", "name": "Mahānavamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9863, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1948-10-10T14:26:45+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-10T10:56:45Z", "ms": -669819795044.9553 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-11T16:23:11+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-11T12:53:11Z", "ms": -669726409212.332 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-10T14:26:45+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-10T10:56:45Z", "ms": -669819795044.9553 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-11T16:23:11+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-11T12:53:11Z", "ms": -669726409212.332 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-10T10:54:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-10T07:24:22Z", "ms": -669832538161.4647 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-10T11:42:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-10T08:12:22Z", "ms": -669829658161.4647 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-11T10:54:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-11T07:24:06Z", "ms": -669746153705.3918 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-11T11:42:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-11T08:12:06Z", "ms": -669743273705.3918 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 14:27 on Sun 10 Oct to 16:23 on Mon 11 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-10T10:56:45Z → 1948-10-11T12:53:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 10:54–11:42 on the 10th, 10:54–11:42 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 9863 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahānavamī, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 11 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahanavami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Mahanavami (purvaviddha) (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha covering one muhurta from sunrise)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Mahānavamī 1948 falls on Monday 11 October. Navamī runs from 14:27 on Sun 10 Oct to 16:23 on Mon 11 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/mahanavami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vijaya-dashami", "festival": "vijaya-dashami", "name": "Vijayā Daśamī", "everyday": "Dussehra", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-12", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2280, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 9, "key": "dashami", "name": "Daśamī", "start": { "local": "1948-10-11T16:23:11+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-11T12:53:11Z", "ms": -669726409212.332 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-12T18:41:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-12T15:11:51Z", "ms": -669631688768.0817 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "conjunction", "start": { "local": "1948-10-11T16:23:11+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-11T12:53:11Z", "ms": -669726409212.332 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-12T13:11:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-12T09:41:53Z", "ms": -669651486625.6035 }, "nakshatra": { "type": "nakshatra", "index": 21, "key": "shravana", "name": "Śravaṇa", "start": { "local": "1948-10-11T10:26:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-11T06:56:53Z", "ms": -669747786517.3224 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-12T13:11:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-12T09:41:53Z", "ms": -669651486625.6035 } } }, "kaala": "daytime", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-11T05:35:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-11T02:05:01Z", "ms": -669765298539.8358 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-11T17:01:11+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-11T13:31:11Z", "ms": -669724128870.9478 } }, "covered_min": 38, "window_min": 686, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-10-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-12T05:35:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-12T02:05:54Z", "ms": -669678846288.4482 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-12T16:59:49+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-12T13:29:49Z", "ms": -669637811263.7642 } }, "covered_min": 456, "window_min": 684, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Daśamī runs from 16:23 on Mon 11 Oct to 18:42 on Tue 12 Oct, and Śravaṇa from 10:27 on Mon 11 Oct to 13:12 on Tue 12 Oct. They are together from 16:23 on Mon 11 Oct to 13:12 on Tue 12 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-11T12:53:11Z → 1948-10-12T09:41:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day time is sunrise to sunset: 05:35–17:01 on the 11th, 05:36–17:00 on the 12th.", "fact": "daytime: sunrise-to-sunset · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Where Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time, that day is taken. Together they cover 38 of 686 minutes on the 11th and 456 of 684 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both days qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 2280 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Daśamī, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 12 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vijaya-dashami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 10 Vijaya dasami (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha, covering one muhurta from sunrise. In other places, if it touches Sravana naksatra in the day time it is observed on that day), Sarasvati visarjana (to be observed in naksatra Sravana), Dasahara." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day", "conjunction": { "nakshatra": "Śravaṇa", "kaala": "daytime" } }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-12", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-12", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vijayā Daśamī (Dussehra) 1948 falls on Tuesday 12 October. Daśamī runs from 16:23 on Mon 11 Oct to 18:42 on Tue 12 Oct and is with Śravaṇa in the day time that day, for 456 minutes. They are together in the day time on the previous day too, for 38 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the day they share longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vijaya-dashami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-10-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30371, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-10-12T18:41:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-12T15:11:51Z", "ms": -669631688768.0817 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-13T21:11:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-13T17:41:28Z", "ms": -669536311666.6349 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-12T18:41:51+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-12T15:11:51Z", "ms": -669631688768.0817 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-13T21:11:28+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-13T17:41:28Z", "ms": -669536311666.6349 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-13T05:36:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-13T02:06:46Z", "ms": -669592393725.4872 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-13T05:36:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-13T02:06:46Z", "ms": -669592393725.4872 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-14T05:37:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-14T02:07:39Z", "ms": -669505940843.0502 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-14T05:37:39+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-14T02:07:39Z", "ms": -669505940843.0502 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:42 on Tue 12 Oct to 21:11 on Wed 13 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-12T15:11:51Z → 1948-10-13T17:41:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:37 on the 13th and 05:38 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 13th and is not on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30371 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 13 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Wednesday 13 October. Ekādaśī runs from 18:42 on Tue 12 Oct to 21:11 on Wed 13 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-10-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-10-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18164, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-10-14T23:41:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-14T20:11:22Z", "ms": -669440918115.4998 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-16T02:02:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-15T22:32:32Z", "ms": -669346047804.065 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-14T23:41:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-14T20:11:22Z", "ms": -669440918115.4998 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-16T02:02:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-15T22:32:32Z", "ms": -669346047804.065 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-14T16:57:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-14T13:27:06Z", "ms": -669465173992.6924 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-14T18:38:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-14T15:08:38Z", "ms": -669459082478.1035 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-15T16:55:46+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-15T13:25:46Z", "ms": -669378854263.9265 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-15T18:37:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-15T15:07:35Z", "ms": -669372744907.1909 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:41 on Thu 14 Oct to 02:03 on Sat 16 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-14T20:11:22Z → 1948-10-15T22:32:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:57–18:39 on the 14th, 16:56–18:38 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 102 minutes on the 14th and 102 of 102 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18164 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 15 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Friday 15 October. Trayodaśī runs from 23:41 on Thu 14 Oct to 02:03 on Sat 16 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-10-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/karaka-chaturthi", "festival": "karaka-chaturthi", "name": "Karaka Caturthī", "everyday": "Karwa Chauth", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36070, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-10-21T08:41:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-21T05:11:23Z", "ms": -668890116614.5939 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-22T08:43:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-22T05:13:36Z", "ms": -668803583960.9662 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-21T08:41:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-21T05:11:23Z", "ms": -668890116614.5939 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-22T08:43:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-22T05:13:36Z", "ms": -668803583960.9662 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-21T18:42:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-21T15:12:34Z", "ms": -668854046229.9867 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-21T18:42:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-21T15:12:34Z", "ms": -668854046229.9867 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-22T19:28:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-22T15:58:31Z", "ms": -668764888683.8527 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-22T19:28:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-22T15:58:31Z", "ms": -668764888683.8527 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:41 on Thu 21 Oct to 08:44 on Fri 22 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-21T05:11:23Z → 1948-10-22T05:13:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 18:43 on the 21st and 19:29 on the 22nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 21st and is not on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 36070 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Karaka Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 21 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "karaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Karaka caturthi (current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Karaka Caturthī (Karwa Chauth) 1948 falls on Thursday 21 October. Caturthī runs from 08:41 on Thu 21 Oct to 08:44 on Fri 22 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/karaka-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-10-21", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36070, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-10-21T08:41:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-21T05:11:23Z", "ms": -668890116614.5939 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-22T08:43:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-22T05:13:36Z", "ms": -668803583960.9662 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-21T08:41:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-21T05:11:23Z", "ms": -668890116614.5939 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-22T08:43:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-22T05:13:36Z", "ms": -668803583960.9662 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-21T18:42:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-21T15:12:34Z", "ms": -668854046229.9867 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-21T18:42:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-21T15:12:34Z", "ms": -668854046229.9867 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-22T19:28:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-22T15:58:31Z", "ms": -668764888683.8527 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-22T19:28:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-22T15:58:31Z", "ms": -668764888683.8527 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:41 on Thu 21 Oct to 08:44 on Fri 22 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-21T05:11:23Z → 1948-10-22T05:13:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 18:43 on the 21st and 19:29 on the 22nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 21st and is not on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36070 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 21 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1948 falls on Thursday 21 October. Caturthī runs from 08:41 on Thu 21 Oct to 08:44 on Fri 22 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-10-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ahoyi-ashtami", "festival": "ahoyi-ashtami", "name": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20240, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1948-10-25T06:02:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-25T02:32:09Z", "ms": -668554071175.5317 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-26T04:14:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-26T00:44:30Z", "ms": -668474130384.4131 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-25T06:02:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-25T02:32:09Z", "ms": -668554071175.5317 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-26T04:14:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-26T00:44:30Z", "ms": -668474130384.4131 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-24T21:27:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-24T17:57:21Z", "ms": -668584958577.1823 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-24T21:27:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-24T17:57:21Z", "ms": -668584958577.1823 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-25T22:37:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-25T19:07:10Z", "ms": -668494370441.1592 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-25T22:37:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-25T19:07:10Z", "ms": -668494370441.1592 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 06:02 on Mon 25 Oct to 04:14 on Tue 26 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-25T02:32:09Z → 1948-10-26T00:44:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:27 on the 24th and 22:37 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 20240 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 25 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ahoyi-ashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Ahoyi astami (Gujerat) (current at moonrise), Karastami (Maharashtra). If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Ahoyī Aṣṭamī 1948 falls on Monday 25 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 06:02 on Mon 25 Oct to 04:14 on Tue 26 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ahoyi-ashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-10-28", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ramā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22680, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-10-27T23:32:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-27T20:02:37Z", "ms": -668318243462.2792 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-28T20:47:11+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-28T17:17:11Z", "ms": -668241768968.4382 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-27T23:32:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-27T20:02:37Z", "ms": -668318243462.2792 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-28T20:47:11+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-28T17:17:11Z", "ms": -668241768968.4382 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-28T05:50:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-28T02:20:37Z", "ms": -668295563364.7949 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-28T05:50:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-28T02:20:37Z", "ms": -668295563364.7949 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-29T05:51:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-29T02:21:35Z", "ms": -668209105096.6873 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-29T05:51:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-29T02:21:35Z", "ms": -668209105096.6873 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 23:33 on Wed 27 Oct to 20:47 on Thu 28 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-27T20:02:37Z → 1948-10-28T17:17:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:51 on the 28th and 05:52 on the 29th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 28th and is not on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22680 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ramā Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 28 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Ramā Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Thursday 28 October. Ekādaśī runs from 23:33 on Wed 27 Oct to 20:47 on Thu 28 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-10-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/govatsa-dvadashi", "festival": "govatsa-dvadashi", "name": "Govatsa Dvādaśī", "everyday": "Vasu Baras", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1879, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 26, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-10-28T20:47:11+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-28T17:17:11Z", "ms": -668241768968.4382 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-29T17:53:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-29T14:23:10Z", "ms": -668165809504.6232 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-28T20:47:11+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-28T17:17:11Z", "ms": -668241768968.4382 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-29T17:53:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-29T14:23:10Z", "ms": -668165809504.6232 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-28T16:39:45+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-28T13:09:45Z", "ms": -668256615306.566 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-28T18:25:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-28T14:55:19Z", "ms": -668250280611.9155 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-29T16:38:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-29T13:08:38Z", "ms": -668170281710.9475 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-29T18:24:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-29T14:54:30Z", "ms": -668163930348.6067 } }, "covered_min": 75, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 20:47 on Thu 28 Oct to 17:53 on Fri 29 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-28T17:17:11Z → 1948-10-29T14:23:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:40–18:25 on the 28th, 16:39–18:24 on the 29th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 106 minutes on the 28th and 75 of 106 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1879 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govatsa Dvādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govatsa-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 12 Govatsa dvadasi (pradosa vyapini). If occurs on two days, it is to be observed on the first day." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vasu Baras) 1948 falls on Friday 29 October. Dvādaśī runs from 20:47 on Thu 28 Oct to 17:53 on Fri 29 Oct and covers 75 of 106 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/govatsa-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/yama-dipadana", "festival": "yama-dipadana", "name": "Yama Dīpadāna", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1879, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-10-29T17:53:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-29T14:23:10Z", "ms": -668165809504.6232 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-30T14:57:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T11:27:33Z", "ms": -668089946550.6195 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-29T17:53:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-29T14:23:10Z", "ms": -668165809504.6232 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-30T14:57:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T11:27:33Z", "ms": -668089946550.6195 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-29T16:38:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-29T13:08:38Z", "ms": -668170281710.9475 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-29T18:24:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-29T14:54:30Z", "ms": -668163930348.6067 } }, "covered_min": 31, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-30T16:37:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T13:07:33Z", "ms": -668083946878.1406 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-30T18:23:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T14:53:41Z", "ms": -668077578970.3806 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:53 on Fri 29 Oct to 14:58 on Sat 30 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-29T14:23:10Z → 1948-10-30T11:27:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:39–18:24 on the 29th, 16:38–18:24 on the 30th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 31 of 106 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 106 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1879 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dīpadāna, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dipadana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 13 Yama dipadana (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Yama Dīpadāna 1948 falls on Friday 29 October. Trayodaśī runs from 17:53 on Fri 29 Oct to 14:58 on Sat 30 Oct and covers 31 of 106 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/yama-dipadana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-10-29", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1879, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-10-29T17:53:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-29T14:23:10Z", "ms": -668165809504.6232 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-30T14:57:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T11:27:33Z", "ms": -668089946550.6195 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-29T17:53:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-29T14:23:10Z", "ms": -668165809504.6232 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-30T14:57:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T11:27:33Z", "ms": -668089946550.6195 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-29T16:38:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-29T13:08:38Z", "ms": -668170281710.9475 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-29T18:24:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-29T14:54:30Z", "ms": -668163930348.6067 } }, "covered_min": 31, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-30T16:37:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T13:07:33Z", "ms": -668083946878.1406 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-30T18:23:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T14:53:41Z", "ms": -668077578970.3806 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:53 on Fri 29 Oct to 14:58 on Sat 30 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-29T14:23:10Z → 1948-10-30T11:27:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:39–18:24 on the 29th, 16:38–18:24 on the 30th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 31 of 106 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 106 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1879 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Friday 29 October. Trayodaśī runs from 17:53 on Fri 29 Oct to 14:58 on Sat 30 Oct and covers 31 of 106 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-10-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-10-30", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28439, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-10-30T14:57:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T11:27:33Z", "ms": -668089946550.6195 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-31T12:07:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-31T08:37:59Z", "ms": -668013720668.6432 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-30T14:57:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T11:27:33Z", "ms": -668089946550.6195 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-31T12:07:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-31T08:37:59Z", "ms": -668013720668.6432 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-30T22:51:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T19:21:33Z", "ms": -668061507224.0408 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-30T23:39:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T20:09:33Z", "ms": -668058627224.0408 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-31T22:51:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-31T19:21:30Z", "ms": -667975109561.1116 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-31T23:39:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-31T20:09:30Z", "ms": -667972229561.1116 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 14:58 on Sat 30 Oct to 12:08 on Sun 31 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-30T11:27:33Z → 1948-10-31T08:37:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 22:52–23:40 on the 30th, 22:52–23:40 on the 31st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28439 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śivarātri 1948 falls on Saturday 30 October. Caturdaśī runs from 14:58 on Sat 30 Oct to 12:08 on Sun 31 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-10-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/naraka-chaturdashi", "festival": "naraka-chaturdashi", "name": "Naraka Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Choti Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22467, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-10-30T14:57:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T11:27:33Z", "ms": -668089946550.6195 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-31T12:07:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-31T08:37:59Z", "ms": -668013720668.6432 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-30T14:57:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T11:27:33Z", "ms": -668089946550.6195 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-31T12:07:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-31T08:37:59Z", "ms": -668013720668.6432 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-30T04:06:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T00:36:42Z", "ms": -668128997855.7323 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-30T05:52:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T02:22:34Z", "ms": -668122646493.3915 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-31T04:07:25+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-31T00:37:25Z", "ms": -668042555477.7008 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-31T05:53:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-31T02:23:32Z", "ms": -668036187569.9408 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 14:58 on Sat 30 Oct to 12:08 on Sun 31 Oct.", "fact": "1948-10-30T11:27:33Z → 1948-10-31T08:37:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 04:07–05:53 on the 30th, 04:07–05:54 on the 31st.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 106 minutes on the 30th and 106 of 106 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 22467 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Naraka Caturdaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 31 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naraka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Naraka caturdasi (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Naraka Caturdaśī (Choti Diwali) 1948 falls on Sunday 31 October. Caturdaśī runs from 14:58 on Sat 30 Oct to 12:08 on Sun 31 Oct and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/naraka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "festival": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "name": "Lakṣmī Pūjā", "everyday": "Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16110, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1948-10-31T12:07:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-31T08:37:59Z", "ms": -668013720668.6432 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-01T09:32:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T06:02:33Z", "ms": -667936647495.4775 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-31T12:07:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-31T08:37:59Z", "ms": -668013720668.6432 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-01T09:32:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T06:02:33Z", "ms": -667936647495.4775 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-31T16:36:29+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-31T13:06:29Z", "ms": -667997610778.7655 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-31T18:22:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-31T14:52:54Z", "ms": -667991226454.0577 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-01T16:35:27+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T13:05:27Z", "ms": -667911273384.1295 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-01T18:22:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T14:52:07Z", "ms": -667904872777.2925 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 12:08 on Sun 31 Oct to 09:33 on Mon 1 Nov.", "fact": "1948-10-31T08:37:59Z → 1948-11-01T06:02:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:36–18:23 on the 31st, 16:35–18:22 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 106 of 106 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 107 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16110 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pūjā, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 31 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali) 1948 falls on Sunday 31 October. Amāvasyā runs from 12:08 on Sun 31 Oct to 09:33 on Mon 1 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/kali-puja", "festival": "kali-puja", "name": "Kālī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-10-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35582, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1948-10-31T12:07:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-31T08:37:59Z", "ms": -668013720668.6432 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-01T09:32:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T06:02:33Z", "ms": -667936647495.4775 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-10-31T12:07:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-31T08:37:59Z", "ms": -668013720668.6432 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-01T09:32:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T06:02:33Z", "ms": -667936647495.4775 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-30T22:51:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T19:21:33Z", "ms": -668061507224.0408 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-30T23:39:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-30T20:09:33Z", "ms": -668058627224.0408 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-10-31T22:51:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-31T19:21:30Z", "ms": -667975109561.1116 }, "end": { "local": "1948-10-31T23:39:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-10-31T20:09:30Z", "ms": -667972229561.1116 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 12:08 on Sun 31 Oct to 09:33 on Mon 1 Nov.", "fact": "1948-10-31T08:37:59Z → 1948-11-01T06:02:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 22:52–23:40 on the 30th, 22:52–23:40 on the 31st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35582 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kālī Pūjā, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 31 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kālī Pūjā 1948 falls on Sunday 31 October. Amāvasyā runs from 12:08 on Sun 31 Oct to 09:33 on Mon 1 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/kali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/govardhana-puja", "festival": "govardhana-puja", "name": "Govardhana Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4707, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1948-11-01T09:32:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T06:02:33Z", "ms": -667936647495.4775 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-02T07:19:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-02T03:49:22Z", "ms": -667858237780.093 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-01T09:32:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T06:02:33Z", "ms": -667936647495.4775 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-02T07:19:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-02T03:49:22Z", "ms": -667858237780.093 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-01T10:50:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T07:20:59Z", "ms": -667931940863.7936 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-01T11:38:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T08:08:59Z", "ms": -667929060863.7936 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-02T10:50:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-02T07:20:58Z", "ms": -667845541749.3098 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-02T11:38:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-02T08:08:58Z", "ms": -667842661749.3098 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 09:33 on Mon 1 Nov to 07:19 on Tue 2 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-01T06:02:33Z → 1948-11-02T03:49:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 10:51–11:39 on the 1st, 10:51–11:39 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 4707 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govardhana Pūjā, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 1 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govardhana-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Govardhana Pūjā 1948 falls on Monday 1 November. Pratipadā runs from 09:33 on Mon 1 Nov to 07:19 on Tue 2 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/govardhana-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/bali-puja", "festival": "bali-puja", "name": "Bali Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25374, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1948-11-01T09:32:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T06:02:33Z", "ms": -667936647495.4775 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-02T07:19:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-02T03:49:22Z", "ms": -667858237780.093 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-01T09:32:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T06:02:33Z", "ms": -667936647495.4775 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-02T07:19:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-02T03:49:22Z", "ms": -667858237780.093 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-01T16:35:27+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T13:05:27Z", "ms": -667911273384.1295 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-01T18:22:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T14:52:07Z", "ms": -667904872777.2925 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-02T16:34:25+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-02T13:04:25Z", "ms": -667824934665.7675 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-02T18:21:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-02T14:51:22Z", "ms": -667818517918.1222 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 09:33 on Mon 1 Nov to 07:19 on Tue 2 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-01T06:02:33Z → 1948-11-02T03:49:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:35–18:22 on the 1st, 16:34–18:21 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 107 of 107 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 107 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25374 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bali Pūjā, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 1 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Bali Pūjā 1948 falls on Monday 1 November. Pratipadā runs from 09:33 on Mon 1 Nov to 07:19 on Tue 2 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/bali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/yama-dvitiya", "festival": "yama-dvitiya", "name": "Yama Dvitīyā", "everyday": "Bhai Dooj", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12696, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1948-11-02T07:19:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-02T03:49:22Z", "ms": -667858237780.093 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-03T05:36:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-03T02:06:16Z", "ms": -667778023809.9208 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-02T07:19:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-02T03:49:22Z", "ms": -667858237780.093 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-03T05:36:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-03T02:06:16Z", "ms": -667778023809.9208 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-02T10:50:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-02T07:20:58Z", "ms": -667845541749.3098 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-02T11:38:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-02T08:08:58Z", "ms": -667842661749.3098 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-03T10:50:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-03T07:20:58Z", "ms": -667759141826.7212 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-03T11:38:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-03T08:08:58Z", "ms": -667756261826.7212 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 07:19 on Tue 2 Nov to 05:36 on Wed 3 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-02T03:49:22Z → 1948-11-03T02:06:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 10:51–11:39 on the 2nd, 10:51–11:39 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 12696 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dvitīyā, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 2 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dvitiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Bhratrdvitiya, Yamadvitiya (madhyahna, purvaviddha), Masyadhara (Dwat) puja (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Yama Dvitīyā (Bhai Dooj) 1948 falls on Tuesday 2 November. Dvitīyā runs from 07:19 on Tue 2 Nov to 05:36 on Wed 3 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/yama-dvitiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/dyuta-pratipad", "festival": "dyuta-pratipad", "name": "Dyūta Pratipad", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-02", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 263, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1948-11-01T09:32:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T06:02:33Z", "ms": -667936647495.4775 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-02T07:19:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-02T03:49:22Z", "ms": -667858237780.093 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-01T09:32:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T06:02:33Z", "ms": -667936647495.4775 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-02T07:19:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-02T03:49:22Z", "ms": -667858237780.093 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-01T05:54:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T02:24:32Z", "ms": -667949728343.4576 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-01T09:28:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-01T05:58:10Z", "ms": -667936910023.6816 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 214, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-02T05:55:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-02T02:25:31Z", "ms": -667863268832.852 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-02T09:28:29+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-02T05:58:29Z", "ms": -667850490777.1572 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 213, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 09:33 on Mon 1 Nov to 07:19 on Tue 2 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-01T06:02:33Z → 1948-11-02T03:49:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:55–09:28 on the 1st, 05:56–09:28 on the 2nd.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 214 minutes on the 1st and 84 of 213 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 263 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dyūta Pratipad, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 2 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dyuta-pratipad", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-02", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-02", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Dyūta Pratipad 1948 falls on Tuesday 2 November. Pratipadā runs from 09:33 on Mon 1 Nov to 07:19 on Tue 2 Nov and covers 84 of 213 minutes of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon. It is 4 min 23 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/dyuta-pratipad", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/naga-chaturthi", "festival": "naga-chaturthi", "name": "Nāga Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22854, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-11-04T04:30:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-04T01:00:05Z", "ms": -667695594813.2303 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-05T04:05:57+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-05T00:35:57Z", "ms": -667610642618.9653 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-04T04:30:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-04T01:00:05Z", "ms": -667695594813.2303 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-05T04:05:57+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-05T00:35:57Z", "ms": -667610642618.9653 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-04T10:50:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-04T07:20:59Z", "ms": -667672741092.0967 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-04T11:38:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-04T08:08:59Z", "ms": -667669861092.0967 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-05T10:51:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-05T07:21:00Z", "ms": -667586339541.5433 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-05T11:39:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-05T08:09:00Z", "ms": -667583459541.5433 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:30 on Thu 4 Nov to 04:06 on Fri 5 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-04T01:00:05Z → 1948-11-05T00:35:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 10:51–11:39 on the 4th, 10:51–11:39 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22854 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 4 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Naga caturthi (paraviddha and madhyahnavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Nāga Caturthī 1948 falls on Thursday 4 November. Caturthī runs from 04:30 on Thu 4 Nov to 04:06 on Fri 5 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/naga-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-11-04", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22854, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-11-04T04:30:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-04T01:00:05Z", "ms": -667695594813.2303 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-05T04:05:57+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-05T00:35:57Z", "ms": -667610642618.9653 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-04T04:30:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-04T01:00:05Z", "ms": -667695594813.2303 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-05T04:05:57+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-05T00:35:57Z", "ms": -667610642618.9653 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-04T10:50:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-04T07:20:59Z", "ms": -667672741092.0967 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-04T11:38:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-04T08:08:59Z", "ms": -667669861092.0967 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-05T10:51:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-05T07:21:00Z", "ms": -667586339541.5433 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-05T11:39:00+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-05T08:09:00Z", "ms": -667583459541.5433 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:30 on Thu 4 Nov to 04:06 on Fri 5 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-04T01:00:05Z → 1948-11-05T00:35:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 10:51–11:39 on the 4th, 10:51–11:39 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22854 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Thursday 4 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vināyaka Caturthī 1948 falls on Thursday 4 November. Caturthī runs from 04:30 on Thu 4 Nov to 04:06 on Fri 5 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-11-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/surya-shashthi", "festival": "surya-shashthi", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī", "everyday": "Chhath", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19235, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1948-11-06T04:26:25+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-06T00:56:25Z", "ms": -667523015152.0625 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-07T05:30:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-07T02:00:31Z", "ms": -667432768962.2202 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-06T04:26:25+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-06T00:56:25Z", "ms": -667523015152.0625 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-07T05:30:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-07T02:00:31Z", "ms": -667432768962.2202 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-06T10:51:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-06T07:21:03Z", "ms": -667499937171.1383 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-06T11:39:03+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-06T08:09:03Z", "ms": -667497057171.1383 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-07T10:51:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-07T07:21:06Z", "ms": -667413533976.9788 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-07T11:39:06+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-07T08:09:06Z", "ms": -667410653976.9788 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 04:26 on Sat 6 Nov to 05:31 on Sun 7 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-06T00:56:25Z → 1948-11-07T02:00:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 10:51–11:39 on the 6th, 10:51–11:39 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19235 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 6 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Nadi sasthi, Skanda sasthi (Madras), Surya sasthi, Chhat (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Chhath) 1948 falls on Saturday 6 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 04:26 on Sat 6 Nov to 05:31 on Sun 7 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/surya-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/gopashtami", "festival": "gopashtami", "name": "Gopāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5140, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1948-11-08T07:13:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-08T03:43:15Z", "ms": -667340204591.6788 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-09T09:25:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-09T05:55:35Z", "ms": -667245864915.0377 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-08T07:13:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-08T03:43:15Z", "ms": -667340204591.6788 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-09T09:25:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-09T05:55:35Z", "ms": -667245864915.0377 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-08T10:51:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-08T07:21:10Z", "ms": -667327129955.2908 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-08T11:39:10+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-08T08:09:10Z", "ms": -667324249955.2908 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-09T10:51:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-09T07:21:15Z", "ms": -667240725102.5555 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-09T11:39:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-09T08:09:15Z", "ms": -667237845102.5555 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 07:13 on Mon 8 Nov to 09:26 on Tue 9 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-08T03:43:15Z → 1948-11-09T05:55:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 10:51–11:39 on the 8th, 10:51–11:39 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5140 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gopāṣṭamī, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 8 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gopashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Gopāṣṭamī 1948 falls on Monday 8 November. Aṣṭamī runs from 07:13 on Mon 8 Nov to 09:26 on Tue 9 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/gopashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/durga-navami", "festival": "durga-navami", "name": "Durgā Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 957, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1948-11-09T09:25:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-09T05:55:35Z", "ms": -667245864915.0377 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-10T11:55:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-10T08:25:17Z", "ms": -667150482804.1469 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-09T09:25:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-09T05:55:35Z", "ms": -667245864915.0377 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-10T11:55:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-10T08:25:17Z", "ms": -667150482804.1469 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-09T10:51:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-09T07:21:15Z", "ms": -667240725102.5555 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-09T11:39:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-09T08:09:15Z", "ms": -667237845102.5555 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-10T10:51:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-10T07:21:21Z", "ms": -667154319415.6138 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-10T11:39:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-10T08:09:21Z", "ms": -667151439415.6138 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 09:26 on Tue 9 Nov to 11:55 on Wed 10 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-09T05:55:35Z → 1948-11-10T08:25:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 10:51–11:39 on the 9th, 10:51–11:39 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 957 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Navamī, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 9 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Durgā Navamī 1948 falls on Tuesday 9 November. Navamī runs from 09:26 on Tue 9 Nov to 11:55 on Wed 10 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/durga-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/akshaya-navami", "festival": "akshaya-navami", "name": "Akṣaya Navamī", "everyday": "Amla Navami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-10", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 326, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1948-11-09T09:25:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-09T05:55:35Z", "ms": -667245864915.0377 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-10T11:55:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-10T08:25:17Z", "ms": -667150482804.1469 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-09T09:25:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-09T05:55:35Z", "ms": -667245864915.0377 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-10T11:55:17+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-10T08:25:17Z", "ms": -667150482804.1469 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-09T06:02:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-09T02:32:34Z", "ms": -667258046094.5476 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-09T09:31:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-09T06:01:01Z", "ms": -667245538766.5529 } }, "covered_min": 5, "window_min": 208, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-10T06:03:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-10T02:33:35Z", "ms": -667171585093.0808 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-10T09:31:25+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-10T06:01:25Z", "ms": -667159114641.4362 } }, "covered_min": 208, "window_min": 208, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 09:26 on Tue 9 Nov to 11:55 on Wed 10 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-09T05:55:35Z → 1948-11-10T08:25:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:03–09:31 on the 9th, 06:04–09:31 on the 10th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 5 of 208 minutes on the 9th and 208 of 208 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both forenoons qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 326 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Navamī, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 10 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-10", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-10", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Akṣaya Navamī (Amla Navami) 1948 falls on Wednesday 10 November. Navamī runs from 09:26 on Tue 9 Nov to 11:55 on Wed 10 Nov and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon. It also reaches the previous forenoon for 5 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/akshaya-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-11-12", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30242, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-11-11T14:28:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-11T10:58:38Z", "ms": -667054882305.8998 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-12T16:52:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-12T13:22:21Z", "ms": -666959858691.986 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-11T14:28:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-11T10:58:38Z", "ms": -667054882305.8998 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-12T16:52:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-12T13:22:21Z", "ms": -666959858691.986 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-11T06:04:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-11T02:34:36Z", "ms": -667085124010.0563 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-11T06:04:36+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-11T02:34:36Z", "ms": -667085124010.0563 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-12T06:05:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-12T02:35:37Z", "ms": -666998662870.6912 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-12T06:05:37+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-12T02:35:37Z", "ms": -666998662870.6912 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:29 on Thu 11 Nov to 16:52 on Fri 12 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-11T10:58:38Z → 1948-11-12T13:22:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:05 on the 11th and 06:06 on the 12th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 11th and is on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30242 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 12 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Prabodhinī Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Friday 12 November. Ekādaśī runs from 14:29 on Thu 11 Nov to 16:52 on Fri 12 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-11-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-11-14", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2457, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-11-13T18:55:27+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-13T15:25:27Z", "ms": -666866072846.6288 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-14T20:30:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-14T17:00:13Z", "ms": -666773987087.9877 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-13T18:55:27+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-13T15:25:27Z", "ms": -666866072846.6288 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-14T20:30:13+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-14T17:00:13Z", "ms": -666773987087.9877 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-13T16:24:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-13T12:54:47Z", "ms": -666875112948.593 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-13T18:14:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-13T14:44:30Z", "ms": -666868529959.0741 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-14T16:24:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-14T12:54:04Z", "ms": -666788756030.0364 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-14T18:14:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-14T14:44:01Z", "ms": -666782159142.8788 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 18:55 on Sat 13 Nov to 20:30 on Sun 14 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-13T15:25:27Z → 1948-11-14T17:00:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:25–18:15 on the 13th, 16:24–18:14 on the 14th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 110 minutes on the 13th and 110 of 110 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2457 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 14 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-14", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Sunday 14 November. Trayodaśī runs from 18:55 on Sat 13 Nov to 20:30 on Sun 14 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-11-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/rasayatra", "festival": "rasayatra", "name": "Rāsayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3081, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1948-11-15T21:32:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-15T18:02:30Z", "ms": -666683849717.9928 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-16T22:01:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-16T18:31:22Z", "ms": -666595718114.5189 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-15T21:32:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-15T18:02:30Z", "ms": -666683849717.9928 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-16T22:01:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-16T18:31:22Z", "ms": -666595718114.5189 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-15T22:52:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-15T19:22:32Z", "ms": -666679047840.0676 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-15T23:40:32+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-15T20:10:32Z", "ms": -666676167840.0676 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-11-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-16T22:52:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-16T19:22:43Z", "ms": -666592637148.0004 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-16T23:40:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-16T20:10:43Z", "ms": -666589757148.0004 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 21:33 on Mon 15 Nov to 22:01 on Tue 16 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-15T18:02:30Z → 1948-11-16T18:31:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 22:53–23:41 on the 15th, 22:53–23:41 on the 16th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3081 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāsayātrā, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 15 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rasayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Rāsayātrā 1948 falls on Monday 15 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 21:33 on Mon 15 Nov to 22:01 on Tue 16 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/rasayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/kartiki-purnima", "festival": "kartiki-purnima", "name": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35549, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1948-11-15T21:32:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-15T18:02:30Z", "ms": -666683849717.9928 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-16T22:01:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-16T18:31:22Z", "ms": -666595718114.5189 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-15T21:32:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-15T18:02:30Z", "ms": -666683849717.9928 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-16T22:01:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-16T18:31:22Z", "ms": -666595718114.5189 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-15T10:52:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-15T07:22:02Z", "ms": -666722278389.6154 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-15T11:40:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-15T08:10:02Z", "ms": -666719398389.6154 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-11-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-16T10:52:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-16T07:22:12Z", "ms": -666635867657.5586 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-16T11:40:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-16T08:10:12Z", "ms": -666632987657.5586 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 21:33 on Mon 15 Nov to 22:01 on Tue 16 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-15T18:02:30Z → 1948-11-16T18:31:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 10:52–11:40 on the 15th, 10:52–11:40 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35549 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 16 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kartiki-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kārtikī Pūrṇimā 1948 falls on Tuesday 16 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 21:33 on Mon 15 Nov to 22:01 on Tue 16 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/kartiki-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-11-19", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-19", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 483, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-11-19T20:29:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-19T16:59:34Z", "ms": -666342026440.4465 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-20T19:12:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-20T15:42:05Z", "ms": -666260275408.287 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-19T20:29:34+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-19T16:59:34Z", "ms": -666342026440.4465 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-20T19:12:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-20T15:42:05Z", "ms": -666260275408.287 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-19T18:18:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-19T14:48:04Z", "ms": -666349915511.4503 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-19T18:18:04+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-19T14:48:04Z", "ms": -666349915511.4503 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-11-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-20T19:20:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-20T15:50:07Z", "ms": -666259792781.0096 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-20T19:20:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-20T15:50:07Z", "ms": -666259792781.0096 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:30 on Fri 19 Nov to 19:12 on Sat 20 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-19T16:59:34Z → 1948-11-20T15:42:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 18:18 on the 19th and 19:20 on the 20th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 19th and is not on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 483 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 19 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-19", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-19", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1948 falls on Friday 19 November. Caturthī runs from 20:30 on Fri 19 Nov to 19:12 on Sat 20 Nov, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-11-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-11-26", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Utpannā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3685, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-11-26T07:29:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-26T03:59:19Z", "ms": -665784041285.6173 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-27T05:19:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-27T01:49:16Z", "ms": -665705443704.8992 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-26T07:29:19+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-26T03:59:19Z", "ms": -665784041285.6173 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-27T05:19:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-27T01:49:16Z", "ms": -665705443704.8992 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-26T06:19:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-26T02:49:43Z", "ms": -665788217151.262 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-26T06:19:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-26T02:49:43Z", "ms": -665788217151.262 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-11-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-27T06:20:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-27T02:50:41Z", "ms": -665701758863.8129 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-27T06:20:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-27T02:50:41Z", "ms": -665701758863.8129 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 07:29 on Fri 26 Nov to 05:19 on Sat 27 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-26T03:59:19Z → 1948-11-27T01:49:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:20 on the 26th and 06:21 on the 27th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 26th and is not on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 3685 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Utpannā Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Friday 26 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Utpannā Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Friday 26 November. Ekādaśī runs from 07:29 on Fri 26 Nov to 05:19 on Sat 27 Nov, and is current at sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-11-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-11-28", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25666, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-11-28T03:13:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-27T23:43:54Z", "ms": -665626565733.4543 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-29T01:17:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-28T21:47:41Z", "ms": -665547138680.393 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-28T03:13:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-27T23:43:54Z", "ms": -665626565733.4543 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-29T01:17:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-28T21:47:41Z", "ms": -665547138680.393 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-27T16:17:29+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-27T12:47:29Z", "ms": -665665950908.4792 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-27T18:10:02+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-27T14:40:02Z", "ms": -665659197599.1378 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-11-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-28T16:17:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-28T12:47:12Z", "ms": -665579567774.3427 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-28T18:09:55+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-28T14:39:55Z", "ms": -665572804587.982 } }, "covered_min": 113, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 03:14 on Sun 28 Nov to 01:18 on Mon 29 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-27T23:43:54Z → 1948-11-28T21:47:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:17–18:10 on the 27th, 16:17–18:10 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 113 minutes on the 27th and 113 of 113 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25666 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 28 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Sunday 28 November. Trayodaśī runs from 03:14 on Sun 28 Nov to 01:18 on Mon 29 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-11-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-11-29", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-11-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 501, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-11-29T01:17:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-28T21:47:41Z", "ms": -665547138680.393 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-29T23:35:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-29T20:05:54Z", "ms": -665466845840.8472 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-11-29T01:17:41+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-28T21:47:41Z", "ms": -665547138680.393 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-29T23:35:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-29T20:05:54Z", "ms": -665466845840.8472 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-11-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-28T22:55:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-28T19:25:54Z", "ms": -665555645825.4905 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-28T23:43:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-28T20:13:54Z", "ms": -665552765825.4905 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-11-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-11-29T22:56:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-29T19:26:15Z", "ms": -665469224956.7601 }, "end": { "local": "1948-11-29T23:44:15+03:30", "utc": "1948-11-29T20:14:15Z", "ms": -665466344956.7601 } }, "covered_min": 40, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 01:18 on Mon 29 Nov to 23:36 on Mon 29 Nov.", "fact": "1948-11-28T21:47:41Z → 1948-11-29T20:05:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 22:56–23:44 on the 28th, 22:56–23:44 on the 29th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 40 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 501 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 29 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-11-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śivarātri 1948 falls on Monday 29 November. Caturdaśī runs from 01:18 on Mon 29 Nov to 23:36 on Mon 29 Nov and covers 40 of 48 minutes of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-11-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-12-04", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-12-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33951, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-12-03T21:11:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-03T17:41:09Z", "ms": -665129931078.4296 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-04T22:04:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-04T18:34:42Z", "ms": -665040317865.0356 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-12-03T21:11:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-03T17:41:09Z", "ms": -665129931078.4296 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-04T22:04:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-04T18:34:42Z", "ms": -665040317865.0356 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-12-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-03T10:57:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-03T07:27:18Z", "ms": -665166761811.8529 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-03T11:45:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-03T08:15:18Z", "ms": -665163881811.8529 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-12-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-04T10:57:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-04T07:27:43Z", "ms": -665080337398.7407 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-04T11:45:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-04T08:15:43Z", "ms": -665077457398.7407 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:11 on Fri 3 Dec to 22:05 on Sat 4 Dec.", "fact": "1948-12-03T17:41:09Z → 1948-12-04T18:34:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 10:57–11:45 on the 3rd, 10:58–11:46 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33951 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Saturday 4 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Vināyaka Caturthī 1948 falls on Saturday 4 December. Caturthī runs from 21:11 on Fri 3 Dec to 22:05 on Sat 4 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1948-12-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "festival": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-12-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37140, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1948-12-04T22:04:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-04T18:34:42Z", "ms": -665040317865.0356 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-05T23:36:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-05T20:06:30Z", "ms": -664948410470.2056 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-12-04T22:04:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-04T18:34:42Z", "ms": -665040317865.0356 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-05T23:36:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-05T20:06:30Z", "ms": -664948410470.2056 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-12-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-04T10:57:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-04T07:27:43Z", "ms": -665080337398.7407 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-04T11:45:43+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-04T08:15:43Z", "ms": -665077457398.7407 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-12-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-05T10:58:08+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-05T07:28:08Z", "ms": -664993912418.8625 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-05T11:46:08+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-05T08:16:08Z", "ms": -664991032418.8625 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 22:05 on Sat 4 Dec to 23:36 on Sun 5 Dec.", "fact": "1948-12-04T18:34:42Z → 1948-12-05T20:06:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 10:58–11:46 on the 4th, 10:58–11:46 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 37140 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa), Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 5 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (2nd) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa) 1948 falls on Sunday 5 December. Pañcamī runs from 22:05 on Sat 4 Dec to 23:36 on Sun 5 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/champa-shashthi", "festival": "champa-shashthi", "name": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-12-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33467, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1948-12-05T23:36:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-05T20:06:30Z", "ms": -664948410470.2056 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-07T01:41:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-06T22:11:12Z", "ms": -664854527839.2008 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-12-05T23:36:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-05T20:06:30Z", "ms": -664948410470.2056 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-07T01:41:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-06T22:11:12Z", "ms": -664854527839.2008 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-12-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-06T10:58:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-06T07:28:33Z", "ms": -664907486899.8293 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-06T11:46:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-06T08:16:33Z", "ms": -664904606899.8293 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-12-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-07T10:58:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-07T07:28:59Z", "ms": -664821060869.5022 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-07T11:46:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-07T08:16:59Z", "ms": -664818180869.5022 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 23:36 on Sun 5 Dec to 01:41 on Tue 7 Dec.", "fact": "1948-12-05T20:06:30Z → 1948-12-06T22:11:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 10:59–11:47 on the 6th, 10:59–11:47 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33467 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 6 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "champa-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Śatabhiṣaj nakṣatra, Vyatīpāta yoga and a Sunday; none is tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Campā Ṣaṣṭhī 1948 falls on Monday 6 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 23:36 on Sun 5 Dec to 01:41 on Tue 7 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/champa-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/skanda-shashthi", "festival": "skanda-shashthi", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-12-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33467, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1948-12-05T23:36:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-05T20:06:30Z", "ms": -664948410470.2056 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-07T01:41:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-06T22:11:12Z", "ms": -664854527839.2008 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-12-05T23:36:30+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-05T20:06:30Z", "ms": -664948410470.2056 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-07T01:41:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-06T22:11:12Z", "ms": -664854527839.2008 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-12-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-06T10:58:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-06T07:28:33Z", "ms": -664907486899.8293 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-06T11:46:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-06T08:16:33Z", "ms": -664904606899.8293 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-12-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-07T10:58:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-07T07:28:59Z", "ms": -664821060869.5022 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-07T11:46:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-07T08:16:59Z", "ms": -664818180869.5022 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 23:36 on Sun 5 Dec to 01:41 on Tue 7 Dec.", "fact": "1948-12-05T20:06:30Z → 1948-12-06T22:11:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 10:59–11:47 on the 6th, 10:59–11:47 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 33467 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 6 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī 1948 falls on Monday 6 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 23:36 on Sun 5 Dec to 01:41 on Tue 7 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/skanda-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/mitra-saptami", "festival": "mitra-saptami", "name": "Mitra Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-12-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24626, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1948-12-07T01:41:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-06T22:11:12Z", "ms": -664854527839.2008 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-08T04:08:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-08T00:38:59Z", "ms": -664759260554.6887 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-12-07T01:41:12+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-06T22:11:12Z", "ms": -664854527839.2008 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-08T04:08:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-08T00:38:59Z", "ms": -664759260554.6887 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-12-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-07T10:58:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-07T07:28:59Z", "ms": -664821060869.5022 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-07T11:46:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-07T08:16:59Z", "ms": -664818180869.5022 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-12-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-08T10:59:26+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-08T07:29:26Z", "ms": -664734634356.0183 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-08T11:47:26+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-08T08:17:26Z", "ms": -664731754356.0183 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 01:41 on Tue 7 Dec to 04:09 on Wed 8 Dec.", "fact": "1948-12-06T22:11:12Z → 1948-12-08T00:38:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 10:59–11:47 on the 7th, 10:59–11:47 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 24626 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mitra Saptamī, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 7 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mitra-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Mitra saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Mitra Saptamī 1948 falls on Tuesday 7 December. Saptamī runs from 01:41 on Tue 7 Dec to 04:09 on Wed 8 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/mitra-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-12-12", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-12-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17693, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-12-11T11:27:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-11T07:57:53Z", "ms": -664473727477.3827 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-12T13:05:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-12T09:35:18Z", "ms": -664381482311.2692 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-12-11T11:27:53+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-11T07:57:53Z", "ms": -664473727477.3827 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-12T13:05:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-12T09:35:18Z", "ms": -664381482311.2692 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-12-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-11T06:32:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-11T03:02:59Z", "ms": -664491420891.5087 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-11T06:32:59+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-11T03:02:59Z", "ms": -664491420891.5087 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-12-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-12T06:33:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-12T03:03:44Z", "ms": -664404975854.0464 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-12T06:33:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-12T03:03:44Z", "ms": -664404975854.0464 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:28 on Sat 11 Dec to 13:05 on Sun 12 Dec.", "fact": "1948-12-11T07:57:53Z → 1948-12-12T09:35:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:33 on the 11th and 06:34 on the 12th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 11th and is on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17693 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 12 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Mokṣadā Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Sunday 12 December. Ekādaśī runs from 11:28 on Sat 11 Dec to 13:05 on Sun 12 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-12-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/akhanda-dvadashi", "festival": "akhanda-dvadashi", "name": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-12-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4562, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-12-12T13:05:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-12T09:35:18Z", "ms": -664381482311.2692 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-13T14:02:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-13T10:32:09Z", "ms": -664291670570.1014 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-12-12T13:05:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-12T09:35:18Z", "ms": -664381482311.2692 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-13T14:02:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-13T10:32:09Z", "ms": -664291670570.1014 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-12-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-12T11:01:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-12T07:31:16Z", "ms": -664388924042.7637 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-12T11:49:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-12T08:19:16Z", "ms": -664386044042.7637 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-12-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-13T11:01:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-13T07:31:44Z", "ms": -664302495544.3741 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-13T11:49:44+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-13T08:19:44Z", "ms": -664299615544.3741 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 13:05 on Sun 12 Dec to 14:02 on Mon 13 Dec.", "fact": "1948-12-12T09:35:18Z → 1948-12-13T10:32:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:01–11:49 on the 12th, 11:02–11:50 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4562 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 13 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akhanda-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Matsya dvadasi, Akhanda dvadasi (paraviddha), Vyanjana dvadasi & Dana dvadasi (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī 1948 falls on Monday 13 December. Dvādaśī runs from 13:05 on Sun 12 Dec to 14:02 on Mon 13 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/akhanda-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-12-13", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-12-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7301, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-12-13T14:02:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-13T10:32:09Z", "ms": -664291670570.1014 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-14T14:15:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-14T10:45:35Z", "ms": -664204464530.2925 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-12-13T14:02:09+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-13T10:32:09Z", "ms": -664291670570.1014 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-14T14:15:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-14T10:45:35Z", "ms": -664204464530.2925 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-12-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-13T16:17:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-13T12:47:01Z", "ms": -664283578988.3822 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-13T18:11:26+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-13T14:41:26Z", "ms": -664276713746.4178 } }, "covered_min": 114, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-12-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-14T16:17:16+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-14T12:47:16Z", "ms": -664197163798.3689 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-14T18:11:45+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-14T14:41:45Z", "ms": -664190295107.302 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:02 on Mon 13 Dec to 14:16 on Tue 14 Dec.", "fact": "1948-12-13T10:32:09Z → 1948-12-14T10:45:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:17–18:11 on the 13th, 16:17–18:12 on the 14th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 114 of 114 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 114 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7301 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 13 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Monday 13 December. Trayodaśī runs from 14:02 on Mon 13 Dec to 14:16 on Tue 14 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-12-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/dattatreyotpatti", "festival": "dattatreyotpatti", "name": "Dattātreyotpatti", "everyday": "Datta Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-12-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9035, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1948-12-15T13:46:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-15T10:16:58Z", "ms": -664119781785.3566 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-16T12:40:55+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-16T09:10:55Z", "ms": -664037345309.3441 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-12-15T13:46:58+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-15T10:16:58Z", "ms": -664119781785.3566 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-16T12:40:55+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-16T09:10:55Z", "ms": -664037345309.3441 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-15T16:17:33+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-15T12:47:33Z", "ms": -664110746677.6819 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-15T18:12:05+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-15T14:42:05Z", "ms": -664103874982.7054 } }, "covered_min": 115, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-12-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-16T16:17:52+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-16T12:47:52Z", "ms": -664024327643.8722 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-16T18:12:27+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-16T14:42:27Z", "ms": -664017453392.9624 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 13:47 on Wed 15 Dec to 12:41 on Thu 16 Dec.", "fact": "1948-12-15T10:16:58Z → 1948-12-16T09:10:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:18–18:12 on the 15th, 16:18–18:12 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 115 of 115 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 115 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9035 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dattātreyotpatti, Mashhad, 1948: Wednesday 15 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dattatreyotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Dattatreyotpatti (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Dattātreyotpatti (Datta Jayanti) 1948 falls on Wednesday 15 December. Pūrṇimā runs from 13:47 on Wed 15 Dec to 12:41 on Thu 16 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/dattatreyotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-12-19", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-12-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32337, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1948-12-19T06:50:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-19T03:20:07Z", "ms": -663799192847.5703 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-20T04:28:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-20T00:58:35Z", "ms": -663721285298.2633 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-12-19T06:50:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-19T03:20:07Z", "ms": -663799192847.5703 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-20T04:28:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-20T00:58:35Z", "ms": -663721285298.2633 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-12-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-18T18:16:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-18T14:46:47Z", "ms": -663844393112.9573 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-18T18:16:47+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-18T14:46:47Z", "ms": -663844393112.9573 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-12-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-19T19:29:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-19T15:59:38Z", "ms": -663753621996.9796 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-19T19:29:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-19T15:59:38Z", "ms": -663753621996.9796 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:50 on Sun 19 Dec to 04:29 on Mon 20 Dec.", "fact": "1948-12-19T03:20:07Z → 1948-12-20T00:58:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 18:17 on the 18th and 19:30 on the 19th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 18th and is on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32337 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 19 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1948 falls on Sunday 19 December. Caturthī runs from 06:50 on Sun 19 Dec to 04:29 on Mon 20 Dec and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1948-12-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-12-26", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-12-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30941, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-12-25T16:32:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-25T13:02:38Z", "ms": -663245842188.6467 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-26T15:17:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-26T11:47:23Z", "ms": -663163956557.6083 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-12-25T16:32:38+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-25T13:02:38Z", "ms": -663245842188.6467 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-26T15:17:23+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-26T11:47:23Z", "ms": -663163956557.6083 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-12-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-25T06:41:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-25T03:11:18Z", "ms": -663281321569.5245 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-25T06:41:18+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-25T03:11:18Z", "ms": -663281321569.5245 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1948-12-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-26T06:41:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-26T03:11:42Z", "ms": -663194897995.4519 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-26T06:41:42+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-26T03:11:42Z", "ms": -663194897995.4519 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:33 on Sat 25 Dec to 15:17 on Sun 26 Dec.", "fact": "1948-12-25T13:02:38Z → 1948-12-26T11:47:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:41 on the 25th and 06:42 on the 26th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 25th and is on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30941 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Mashhad, 1948: Sunday 26 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Saphalā Ekādaśī 1948 falls on Sunday 26 December. Ekādaśī runs from 16:33 on Sat 25 Dec to 15:17 on Sun 26 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/ekadashi?on=1948-12-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-12-27", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-12-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7547, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-12-27T14:17:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-27T10:47:35Z", "ms": -663081145401.1101 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-28T13:35:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-28T10:05:07Z", "ms": -662997292988.7338 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-12-27T14:17:35+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-27T10:47:35Z", "ms": -663081145401.1101 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-28T13:35:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-28T10:05:07Z", "ms": -662997292988.7338 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-12-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-27T16:23:21+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-27T12:53:21Z", "ms": -663073598627.6527 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-27T18:17:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-27T14:47:54Z", "ms": -663066726311.339 } }, "covered_min": 115, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-12-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-28T16:24:01+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-28T12:54:01Z", "ms": -662987158662.2894 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-28T18:18:31+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-28T14:48:31Z", "ms": -662980289260.4011 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:18 on Mon 27 Dec to 13:35 on Tue 28 Dec.", "fact": "1948-12-27T10:47:35Z → 1948-12-28T10:05:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:23–18:18 on the 27th, 16:24–18:19 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 115 of 115 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 114 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7547 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mashhad, 1948: Monday 27 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1948 falls on Monday 27 December. Trayodaśī runs from 14:18 on Mon 27 Dec to 13:35 on Tue 28 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/pradosha-vrata?on=1948-12-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-12-28", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "124665", "year": 1948, "local_date": "1948-12-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34455, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1948-12-28T13:35:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-28T10:05:07Z", "ms": -662997292988.7338 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-29T13:12:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-29T09:42:54Z", "ms": -662912225547.689 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1948-12-28T13:35:07+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-28T10:05:07Z", "ms": -662997292988.7338 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-29T13:12:54+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-29T09:42:54Z", "ms": -662912225547.689 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1948-12-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-28T23:09:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-28T19:39:22Z", "ms": -662962838405.2085 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-28T23:57:22+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-28T20:27:22Z", "ms": -662959958405.2085 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1948-12-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1948-12-29T23:09:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-29T19:39:50Z", "ms": -662876409560.1562 }, "end": { "local": "1948-12-29T23:57:50+03:30", "utc": "1948-12-29T20:27:50Z", "ms": -662873529560.1562 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:35 on Tue 28 Dec to 13:13 on Wed 29 Dec.", "fact": "1948-12-28T10:05:07Z → 1948-12-29T09:42:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:09–23:57 on the 28th, 23:10–23:58 on the 29th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34455 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mashhad, 1948: Tuesday 28 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1948-12-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mashhad, Śivarātri 1948 falls on Tuesday 28 December. Caturdaśī runs from 13:35 on Tue 28 Dec to 13:13 on Wed 29 Dec and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mashhad/festivals/1948/shivaratri?on=1948-12-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } } ], "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }