{ "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023", "place": { "id": "1253914", "slug": "ujjain", "name": "Ujjain", "region": "Madhya Pradesh, India", "country": "IN", "lat": 23.18239, "lon": 75.77643, "elevation_m": 494, "tz": "Asia/Kolkata" }, "year": 2023, "tradition": "smarta", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "rulings": [ { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-01-02", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-01-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38699, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-01-01T19:12:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-01T13:42:06Z", "ms": 1672580526292.963 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-02T20:23:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-02T14:53:56Z", "ms": 1672671235891.1008 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-01-01T19:12:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-01T13:42:06Z", "ms": 1672580526292.963 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-02T20:23:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-02T14:53:56Z", "ms": 1672671235891.1008 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-01-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-02T07:08:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-02T01:38:38Z", "ms": 1672623518073.8018 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-02T07:08:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-02T01:38:38Z", "ms": 1672623518073.8018 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-01-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-03T07:08:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-03T01:38:55Z", "ms": 1672709934975.6458 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-03T07:08:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-03T01:38:55Z", "ms": 1672709934975.6458 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 19:12 on Sun 1 Jan to 20:24 on Mon 2 Jan.", "fact": "2023-01-01T13:42:06Z → 2023-01-02T14:53:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:09 on the 2nd and 07:09 on the 3rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 2nd and is not on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 38699 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 2 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Putradā Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Monday 2 January. Ekādaśī runs from 19:12 on Sun 1 Jan to 20:24 on Mon 2 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-01-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-01-04", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-01-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8573, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-01-03T22:02:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-03T16:32:28Z", "ms": 1672763547720.5032 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-05T00:01:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-04T18:31:11Z", "ms": 1672857071293.6606 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-01-03T22:02:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-03T16:32:28Z", "ms": 1672763547720.5032 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-05T00:01:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-04T18:31:11Z", "ms": 1672857071293.6606 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-01-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-03T17:53:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-03T12:23:29Z", "ms": 1672748608955.0134 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-03T19:39:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-03T14:09:35Z", "ms": 1672754974507.727 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-01-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-04T17:54:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-04T12:24:09Z", "ms": 1672835048578.1545 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-04T19:40:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-04T14:10:11Z", "ms": 1672841410758.6497 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:02 on Tue 3 Jan to 00:01 on Thu 5 Jan.", "fact": "2023-01-03T16:32:28Z → 2023-01-04T18:31:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:53–19:40 on the 3rd, 17:54–19:40 on the 4th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 106 minutes on the 3rd and 106 of 106 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8573 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 4 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Wednesday 4 January. Trayodaśī runs from 22:02 on Tue 3 Jan to 00:01 on Thu 5 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-01-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-01-10", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-01-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26184, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-01-10T12:10:02+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-10T06:40:02Z", "ms": 1673332801700.374 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-11T14:31:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-11T09:01:54Z", "ms": 1673427713521.757 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-01-10T12:10:02+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-10T06:40:02Z", "ms": 1673332801700.374 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-11T14:31:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-11T09:01:54Z", "ms": 1673427713521.757 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-01-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-10T20:56:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-10T15:26:46Z", "ms": 1673364405589.2488 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-10T20:56:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-10T15:26:46Z", "ms": 1673364405589.2488 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-01-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-11T21:48:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-11T16:18:17Z", "ms": 1673453897178.4358 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-11T21:48:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-11T16:18:17Z", "ms": 1673453897178.4358 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:10 on Tue 10 Jan to 14:32 on Wed 11 Jan.", "fact": "2023-01-10T06:40:02Z → 2023-01-11T09:01:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:57 on the 10th and 21:48 on the 11th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 10th and is not on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26184 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 10 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī (Sankatahara Chaturthi) 2023 falls on Tuesday 10 January. Caturthī runs from 12:10 on Tue 10 Jan to 14:32 on Wed 11 Jan and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-01-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/bhogi", "festival": "bhogi", "name": "Bhogi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9865, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2023-01-14T20:45:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T15:15:30Z", "ms": 1673709329925.272 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-13T09:44:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-13T04:14:54Z", "ms": 1676261693863.3198 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2023-01-14T20:45:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T15:15:30Z", "ms": 1673709329925.272 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-14T20:45:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T15:15:30Z", "ms": 1673709329925.272 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-13T18:00:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-13T12:30:22Z", "ms": 1673613022078.6985 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-14T18:01:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T12:31:05Z", "ms": 1673699464822.4841 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-14T18:01:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T12:31:05Z", "ms": 1673699464822.4841 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-15T18:01:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-15T12:31:48Z", "ms": 1673785907691.8677 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "2023-01-15", "days": -1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 20:45 on Sat 14 Jan.", "fact": "2023-01-14T15:15:30Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 18:01, and the day of the 15th ends at 18:02.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 9865 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Bhogi is kept the day before Pongal: Sunday 15 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal − 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhogi, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "bhogi", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": -1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2023-01-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2023-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-01-14" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2022-23", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Bhogi 2023 falls on Saturday 14 January. It is kept the day before Pongal, which falls on Sunday 15 January. The Sun enters Makara at 20:45 on Sat 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 13 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/bhogi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/makara-sankranti", "festival": "makara-sankranti", "name": "Makara Saṅkrānti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11670, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2023-01-14T20:45:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T15:15:30Z", "ms": 1673709329925.272 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-13T09:44:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-13T04:14:54Z", "ms": 1676261693863.3198 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2023-01-14T20:45:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T15:15:30Z", "ms": 1673709329925.272 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-14T20:45:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T15:15:30Z", "ms": 1673709329925.272 } }, "kaala": "civil-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-14T00:00:00+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-13T18:30:00Z", "ms": 1673634600000 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-15T00:00:00+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T18:30:00Z", "ms": 1673721000000 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-15T00:00:00+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T18:30:00Z", "ms": 1673721000000 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-16T00:00:00+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-15T18:30:00Z", "ms": 1673807400000 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 20:45 on Sat 14 Jan.", "fact": "2023-01-14T15:15:30Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Ujjain.", "fact": "civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · Asia/Kolkata" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 14th, not the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 11670 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Makara Saṅkrānti, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "makara-sankranti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "midnight" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2023-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "2023-01-15", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-01-15" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2022-23", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Makara Saṅkrānti 2023 falls on Saturday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 20:45 on Sat 14 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight. By the Tamil rule for the first day of a solar month, which gives a transit after sunset to the next day, it is 15 January. Rashtriya Panchang recorded 15 January (Principal festivals, 2022-23).", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/makara-sankranti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pongal", "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9865, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2023-01-14T20:45:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T15:15:30Z", "ms": 1673709329925.272 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-13T09:44:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-13T04:14:54Z", "ms": 1676261693863.3198 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2023-01-14T20:45:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T15:15:30Z", "ms": 1673709329925.272 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-14T20:45:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T15:15:30Z", "ms": 1673709329925.272 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-13T18:00:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-13T12:30:22Z", "ms": 1673613022078.6985 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-14T18:01:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T12:31:05Z", "ms": 1673699464822.4841 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-14T18:01:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T12:31:05Z", "ms": 1673699464822.4841 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-15T18:01:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-15T12:31:48Z", "ms": 1673785907691.8677 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 20:45 on Sat 14 Jan.", "fact": "2023-01-14T15:15:30Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 18:01, and the day of the 15th ends at 18:02.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 9865 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pongal, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "pongal", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The rule that heads the solar festivals, the day \"taken to begin from midnight\" (p. 106), is not applied to Pongal. It is kept on the first day of the month of Makara as the Tamil districts count it, a transit after sunset going to the next day (p. 244); the Rashtriya Panchang prints Pongal so.", "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2023-01-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2023-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-01-15" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2022-23", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Pongal (Tai Pongal) 2023 falls on Sunday 15 January. The Sun enters Makara at 20:45 on Sat 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 14 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/mattu-pongal", "festival": "mattu-pongal", "name": "Mattu Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-01-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9865, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2023-01-14T20:45:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T15:15:30Z", "ms": 1673709329925.272 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-13T09:44:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-13T04:14:54Z", "ms": 1676261693863.3198 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2023-01-14T20:45:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T15:15:30Z", "ms": 1673709329925.272 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-14T20:45:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T15:15:30Z", "ms": 1673709329925.272 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-13T18:00:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-13T12:30:22Z", "ms": 1673613022078.6985 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-14T18:01:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T12:31:05Z", "ms": 1673699464822.4841 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-14T18:01:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-14T12:31:05Z", "ms": 1673699464822.4841 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-15T18:01:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-15T12:31:48Z", "ms": 1673785907691.8677 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "2023-01-15", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 20:45 on Sat 14 Jan.", "fact": "2023-01-14T15:15:30Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 18:01, and the day of the 15th ends at 18:02.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 9865 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Mattu Pongal is kept the day after Pongal: Sunday 15 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mattu Pongal, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 16 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "mattu-pongal", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2023-01-15", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2023-01-15", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-01-16" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2022-23", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Mattu Pongal 2023 falls on Monday 16 January. It is kept the day after Pongal, which falls on Sunday 15 January. The Sun enters Makara at 20:45 on Sat 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 15 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/mattu-pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-01-18", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-01-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31966, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-01-17T18:05:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-17T12:35:44Z", "ms": 1673958944171.58 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-18T16:03:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-18T10:33:15Z", "ms": 1674037995012.8948 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-01-17T18:05:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-17T12:35:44Z", "ms": 1673958944171.58 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-18T16:03:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-18T10:33:15Z", "ms": 1674037995012.8948 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-01-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-17T07:10:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-17T01:40:32Z", "ms": 1673919631950.3594 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-17T07:10:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-17T01:40:32Z", "ms": 1673919631950.3594 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-01-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-18T07:10:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-18T01:40:29Z", "ms": 1674006028577.4595 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-18T07:10:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-18T01:40:29Z", "ms": 1674006028577.4595 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:06 on Tue 17 Jan to 16:03 on Wed 18 Jan.", "fact": "2023-01-17T12:35:44Z → 2023-01-18T10:33:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:11 on the 17th and 07:10 on the 18th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 17th and is on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31966 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 18 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Wednesday 18 January. Ekādaśī runs from 18:06 on Tue 17 Jan to 16:03 on Wed 18 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-01-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-01-19", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-01-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17158, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-01-19T13:18:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-19T07:48:42Z", "ms": 1674114522079.6367 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-20T10:00:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-20T04:30:16Z", "ms": 1674189015905.2283 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-01-19T13:18:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-19T07:48:42Z", "ms": 1674114522079.6367 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-20T10:00:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-20T04:30:16Z", "ms": 1674189015905.2283 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-01-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-19T18:04:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-19T12:34:40Z", "ms": 1674131679758.298 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-19T19:49:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-19T14:19:25Z", "ms": 1674137964810.1577 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-01-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-20T18:05:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-20T12:35:23Z", "ms": 1674218122750.9238 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-20T19:50:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-20T14:20:01Z", "ms": 1674224401062.3933 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:19 on Thu 19 Jan to 10:00 on Fri 20 Jan.", "fact": "2023-01-19T07:48:42Z → 2023-01-20T04:30:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:05–19:49 on the 19th, 18:05–19:50 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 105 of 105 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 105 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17158 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 19 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Thursday 19 January. Trayodaśī runs from 13:19 on Thu 19 Jan to 10:00 on Fri 20 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-01-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-01-20", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-01-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18975, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-01-20T10:00:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-20T04:30:16Z", "ms": 1674189015905.2283 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-21T06:18:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-21T00:48:01Z", "ms": 1674262081365.6465 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-01-20T10:00:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-20T04:30:16Z", "ms": 1674189015905.2283 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-21T06:18:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-21T00:48:01Z", "ms": 1674262081365.6465 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-01-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-20T00:13:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-19T18:43:29Z", "ms": 1674153808702.772 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-20T01:01:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-19T19:31:29Z", "ms": 1674156688702.772 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-01-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-21T00:13:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-20T18:43:46Z", "ms": 1674240226418.934 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-21T01:01:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-20T19:31:46Z", "ms": 1674243106418.934 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 10:00 on Fri 20 Jan to 06:18 on Sat 21 Jan.", "fact": "2023-01-20T04:30:16Z → 2023-01-21T00:48:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:13–01:01 on the 19th, 00:14–01:02 on the 20th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18975 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 20 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śivarātri (Masik Shivaratri) 2023 falls on Friday 20 January. Caturdaśī runs from 10:00 on Fri 20 Jan to 06:18 on Sat 21 Jan and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-01-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/yama-tarpana", "festival": "yama-tarpana", "name": "Yama Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-01-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3129, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-01-20T10:00:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-20T04:30:16Z", "ms": 1674189015905.2283 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-21T06:18:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-21T00:48:01Z", "ms": 1674262081365.6465 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-01-20T10:00:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-20T04:30:16Z", "ms": 1674189015905.2283 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-21T06:18:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-21T00:48:01Z", "ms": 1674262081365.6465 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-01-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-20T05:25:33+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-19T23:55:33Z", "ms": 1674172532595.3862 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-20T07:10:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-20T01:40:18Z", "ms": 1674178817647.2458 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-01-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-21T05:25:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-20T23:55:32Z", "ms": 1674258931775.4749 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-21T07:10:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-21T01:40:10Z", "ms": 1674265210086.9443 } }, "covered_min": 52, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 10:00 on Fri 20 Jan to 06:18 on Sat 21 Jan.", "fact": "2023-01-20T04:30:16Z → 2023-01-21T00:48:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:26–07:10 on the 20th, 05:26–07:10 on the 21st.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 105 minutes on the 20th and 52 of 105 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3129 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Tarpaṇa, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 21 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Yama tarpana (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Yama Tarpaṇa 2023 falls on Saturday 21 January. Caturdaśī runs from 10:00 on Fri 20 Jan to 06:18 on Sat 21 Jan and covers 52 of 105 minutes of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/yama-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/tila-chaturthi", "festival": "tila-chaturthi", "name": "Tila Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-01-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9943, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-01-24T15:22:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-24T09:52:30Z", "ms": 1674553950215.179 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-25T12:34:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-25T07:04:34Z", "ms": 1674630274159.3313 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-01-24T15:22:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-24T09:52:30Z", "ms": 1674553950215.179 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-25T12:34:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-25T07:04:34Z", "ms": 1674630274159.3313 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-01-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-24T18:08:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-24T12:38:14Z", "ms": 1674563893572.332 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-24T19:52:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-24T14:22:23Z", "ms": 1674570143210.4353 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-25T18:08:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-25T12:38:56Z", "ms": 1674650335825.2893 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-25T19:52:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-25T14:22:58Z", "ms": 1674656577890.4707 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:23 on Tue 24 Jan to 12:35 on Wed 25 Jan.", "fact": "2023-01-24T09:52:30Z → 2023-01-25T07:04:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:08–19:52 on the 24th, 18:09–19:53 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 104 of 104 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 104 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9943 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Tila Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 24 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "tila-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Tila Caturthī 2023 falls on Tuesday 24 January. Caturthī runs from 15:23 on Tue 24 Jan to 12:35 on Wed 25 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/tila-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/shri-panchami", "festival": "shri-panchami", "name": "Śrī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-01-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1163, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2023-01-25T12:34:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-25T07:04:34Z", "ms": 1674630274159.3313 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-26T10:28:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-26T04:58:38Z", "ms": 1674709118279.076 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-01-25T12:34:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-25T07:04:34Z", "ms": 1674630274159.3313 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-26T10:28:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-26T04:58:38Z", "ms": 1674709118279.076 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-25T12:15:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-25T06:45:11Z", "ms": 1674629110841.6978 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-25T13:03:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-25T07:33:11Z", "ms": 1674631990841.6978 } }, "covered_min": 29, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-26T12:15:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-26T06:45:25Z", "ms": 1674715524576.5166 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-26T13:03:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-26T07:33:25Z", "ms": 1674718404576.5166 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 12:35 on Wed 25 Jan to 10:29 on Thu 26 Jan.", "fact": "2023-01-25T07:04:34Z → 2023-01-26T04:58:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:15–13:03 on the 25th, 12:15–13:03 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 29 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1163 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Pañcamī, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 25 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-01-26" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2022-23", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śrī Pañcamī 2023 falls on Wednesday 25 January. Pañcamī runs from 12:35 on Wed 25 Jan to 10:29 on Thu 26 Jan and covers 29 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. Rashtriya Panchang recorded 26 January (Principal festivals, 2022-23).", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/shri-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vasanta-panchami", "festival": "vasanta-panchami", "name": "Vasanta Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-01-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1163, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2023-01-25T12:34:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-25T07:04:34Z", "ms": 1674630274159.3313 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-26T10:28:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-26T04:58:38Z", "ms": 1674709118279.076 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-01-25T12:34:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-25T07:04:34Z", "ms": 1674630274159.3313 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-26T10:28:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-26T04:58:38Z", "ms": 1674709118279.076 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-25T12:15:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-25T06:45:11Z", "ms": 1674629110841.6978 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-25T13:03:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-25T07:33:11Z", "ms": 1674631990841.6978 } }, "covered_min": 29, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-26T12:15:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-26T06:45:25Z", "ms": 1674715524576.5166 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-26T13:03:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-26T07:33:25Z", "ms": 1674718404576.5166 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 12:35 on Wed 25 Jan to 10:29 on Thu 26 Jan.", "fact": "2023-01-25T07:04:34Z → 2023-01-26T04:58:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:15–13:03 on the 25th, 12:15–13:03 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 29 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1163 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasanta Pañcamī, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 25 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasanta-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-01-26" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2022-23", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vasanta Pañcamī (Basant Panchami) 2023 falls on Wednesday 25 January. Pañcamī runs from 12:35 on Wed 25 Jan to 10:29 on Thu 26 Jan and covers 29 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. Rashtriya Panchang recorded 26 January (Principal festivals, 2022-23).", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vasanta-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ganesha-jayanti", "festival": "ganesha-jayanti", "name": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-01-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1163, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-01-24T15:22:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-24T09:52:30Z", "ms": 1674553950215.179 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-25T12:34:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-25T07:04:34Z", "ms": 1674630274159.3313 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-01-24T15:22:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-24T09:52:30Z", "ms": 1674553950215.179 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-25T12:34:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-25T07:04:34Z", "ms": 1674630274159.3313 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-01-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-24T12:14:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-24T06:44:56Z", "ms": 1674542696291.9565 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-24T13:02:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-24T07:32:56Z", "ms": 1674545576291.9565 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-25T12:15:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-25T06:45:11Z", "ms": 1674629110841.6978 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-25T13:03:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-25T07:33:11Z", "ms": 1674631990841.6978 } }, "covered_min": 19, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:23 on Tue 24 Jan to 12:35 on Wed 25 Jan.", "fact": "2023-01-24T09:52:30Z → 2023-01-25T07:04:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:15–13:03 on the 24th, 12:15–13:03 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 19 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1163 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 25 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Gaṇeśa Jayantī (Maghi Ganesh Jayanti) 2023 falls on Wednesday 25 January. Caturthī runs from 15:23 on Tue 24 Jan to 12:35 on Wed 25 Jan and covers 19 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ganesha-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ratha-saptami", "festival": "ratha-saptami", "name": "Ratha Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-01-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5698, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2023-01-27T09:10:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-27T03:40:46Z", "ms": 1674790846362.0771 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-28T08:43:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-28T03:13:36Z", "ms": 1674875616220.6023 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-01-27T09:10:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-27T03:40:46Z", "ms": 1674790846362.0771 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-28T08:43:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-28T03:13:36Z", "ms": 1674875616220.6023 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-01-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-27T05:25:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-26T23:55:01Z", "ms": 1674777301048.0212 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-27T07:08:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-27T01:38:55Z", "ms": 1674783535387.8887 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-01-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-28T05:24:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-27T23:54:52Z", "ms": 1674863691623.055 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-28T07:08:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-28T01:38:38Z", "ms": 1674869918089.9453 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 09:11 on Fri 27 Jan to 08:44 on Sat 28 Jan.", "fact": "2023-01-27T03:40:46Z → 2023-01-28T03:13:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:25–07:09 on the 27th, 05:25–07:09 on the 28th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 104 minutes on the 27th and 104 of 104 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5698 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ratha Saptamī, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 28 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ratha-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Ratha saptami (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise), Acala saptami, Vidhana saptami, Arogya saptami [purvaviddha]." } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-01-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Ratha Saptamī 2023 falls on Saturday 28 January. Saptamī runs from 09:11 on Fri 27 Jan to 08:44 on Sat 28 Jan and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ratha-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-02-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Jayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-02-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17206, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-01-31T11:54:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-31T06:24:24Z", "ms": 1675146264166.6597 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-01T14:02:33+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-01T08:32:33Z", "ms": 1675240353390.129 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-01-31T11:54:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-31T06:24:24Z", "ms": 1675146264166.6597 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-01T14:02:33+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-01T08:32:33Z", "ms": 1675240353390.129 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-01-31T07:07:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-31T01:37:38Z", "ms": 1675129058101.1797 }, "end": { "local": "2023-01-31T07:07:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-01-31T01:37:38Z", "ms": 1675129058101.1797 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-02-01T07:07:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-01T01:37:15Z", "ms": 1675215435459.101 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-01T07:07:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-01T01:37:15Z", "ms": 1675215435459.101 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:54 on Tue 31 Jan to 14:03 on Wed 1 Feb.", "fact": "2023-01-31T06:24:24Z → 2023-02-01T08:32:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:08 on the 31st and 07:07 on the 1st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 31st and is on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17206 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jayā Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 1 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Jayā Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Wednesday 1 February. Ekādaśī runs from 11:54 on Tue 31 Jan to 14:03 on Wed 1 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-02-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/bhishma-dvadashi", "festival": "bhishma-dvadashi", "name": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-02-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3484, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-02-01T14:02:33+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-01T08:32:33Z", "ms": 1675240353390.129 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-02T16:26:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-02T10:56:42Z", "ms": 1675335401521.0825 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-02-01T14:02:33+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-01T08:32:33Z", "ms": 1675240353390.129 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-02T16:26:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-02T10:56:42Z", "ms": 1675335401521.0825 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-02-01T12:16:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-01T06:46:30Z", "ms": 1675233989557.3423 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-01T13:04:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-01T07:34:30Z", "ms": 1675236869557.3423 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-02-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-02-02T12:16:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-02T06:46:37Z", "ms": 1675320397470.0566 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-02T13:04:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-02T07:34:37Z", "ms": 1675323277470.0566 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 14:03 on Wed 1 Feb to 16:27 on Thu 2 Feb.", "fact": "2023-02-01T08:32:33Z → 2023-02-02T10:56:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:16–13:04 on the 1st, 12:17–13:05 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3484 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 2 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhishma-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Bhisma dvadasi (purvaviddha), Amalaki dvadasi, Santana dvadasi, Varaha dvadasi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Bhīṣma Dvādaśī 2023 falls on Thursday 2 February. Dvādaśī runs from 14:03 on Wed 1 Feb to 16:27 on Thu 2 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/bhishma-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-02-02", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-02-02", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2589, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-02-02T16:26:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-02T10:56:42Z", "ms": 1675335401521.0825 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-03T18:58:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-03T13:28:11Z", "ms": 1675430891494.4695 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-02-02T16:26:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-02T10:56:42Z", "ms": 1675335401521.0825 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-03T18:58:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-03T13:28:11Z", "ms": 1675430891494.4695 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-02-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-02-02T18:14:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-02T12:44:23Z", "ms": 1675341863416.6384 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-02T19:57:20+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-02T14:27:20Z", "ms": 1675348039802.8313 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-02-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-02-03T18:15:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-03T12:45:03Z", "ms": 1675428302795.8826 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-03T19:57:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-03T14:27:50Z", "ms": 1675434470402.794 } }, "covered_min": 43, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:27 on Thu 2 Feb to 18:58 on Fri 3 Feb.", "fact": "2023-02-02T10:56:42Z → 2023-02-03T13:28:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:14–19:57 on the 2nd, 18:15–19:58 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 103 of 103 minutes on the 2nd and 43 of 103 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 2589 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 2 February.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-02", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-02", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Thursday 2 February. Trayodaśī runs from 16:27 on Thu 2 Feb to 18:58 on Fri 3 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 43 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-02-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/maghi-purnima", "festival": "maghi-purnima", "name": "Māghī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-02-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30334, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2023-02-04T21:30:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-04T16:00:24Z", "ms": 1675526424498.7053 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-05T23:58:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-05T18:28:34Z", "ms": 1675621713945.5916 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-02-04T21:30:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-04T16:00:24Z", "ms": 1675526424498.7053 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-05T23:58:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-05T18:28:34Z", "ms": 1675621713945.5916 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-02-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-02-04T12:16:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-04T06:46:51Z", "ms": 1675493210815.4517 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-04T13:04:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-04T07:34:51Z", "ms": 1675496090815.4517 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-02-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-02-05T12:16:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-05T06:46:56Z", "ms": 1675579616258.8828 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-05T13:04:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-05T07:34:56Z", "ms": 1675582496258.8828 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 21:30 on Sat 4 Feb to 23:59 on Sun 5 Feb.", "fact": "2023-02-04T16:00:24Z → 2023-02-05T18:28:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:17–13:05 on the 4th, 12:17–13:05 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30334 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Māghī Pūrṇimā, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 5 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maghi-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Maghi purnima (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Māghī Pūrṇimā 2023 falls on Sunday 5 February. Pūrṇimā runs from 21:30 on Sat 4 Feb to 23:59 on Sun 5 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/maghi-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-02-09", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-02-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35277, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-02-09T06:23:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-09T00:53:37Z", "ms": 1675904016555.8882 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-10T07:58:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-10T02:28:51Z", "ms": 1675996131362.3975 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-02-09T06:23:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-09T00:53:37Z", "ms": 1675904016555.8882 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-10T07:58:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-10T02:28:51Z", "ms": 1675996131362.3975 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-02-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-02-08T20:35:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-08T15:05:40Z", "ms": 1675868739959.4683 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-08T20:35:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-08T15:05:40Z", "ms": 1675868739959.4683 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-02-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-02-09T21:26:41+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-09T15:56:41Z", "ms": 1675958200988.0874 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-09T21:26:41+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-09T15:56:41Z", "ms": 1675958200988.0874 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:24 on Thu 9 Feb to 07:59 on Fri 10 Feb.", "fact": "2023-02-09T00:53:37Z → 2023-02-10T02:28:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:36 on the 8th and 21:27 on the 9th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 8th and is on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35277 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 9 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī (Sankatahara Chaturthi) 2023 falls on Thursday 9 February. Caturthī runs from 06:24 on Thu 9 Feb to 07:59 on Fri 10 Feb and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-02-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-02-16", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Vijayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-02-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5167, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-02-16T05:33:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-16T00:03:05Z", "ms": 1676505784949.3938 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-17T02:49:43+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-16T21:19:43Z", "ms": 1676582382928.4822 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-02-16T05:33:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-16T00:03:05Z", "ms": 1676505784949.3938 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-17T02:49:43+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-16T21:19:43Z", "ms": 1676582382928.4822 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-02-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-02-16T06:59:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-16T01:29:12Z", "ms": 1676510952353.0479 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-16T06:59:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-16T01:29:12Z", "ms": 1676510952353.0479 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-02-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-02-17T06:58:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-17T01:28:32Z", "ms": 1676597311602.2551 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-17T06:58:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-17T01:28:32Z", "ms": 1676597311602.2551 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:33 on Thu 16 Feb to 02:50 on Fri 17 Feb.", "fact": "2023-02-16T00:03:05Z → 2023-02-16T21:19:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:59 on the 16th and 06:59 on the 17th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 16th and is not on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5167 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 16 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vijayā Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Thursday 16 February. Ekādaśī runs from 05:33 on Thu 16 Feb to 02:50 on Fri 17 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-02-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/maha-shivaratri", "festival": "maha-shivaratri", "name": "Mahāśivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-02-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15225, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-02-18T20:02:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-18T14:32:50Z", "ms": 1676730770141.666 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-19T16:18:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-19T10:48:51Z", "ms": 1676803731210.152 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-02-18T20:02:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-18T14:32:50Z", "ms": 1676730770141.666 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-19T16:18:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-19T10:48:51Z", "ms": 1676803731210.152 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-02-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-02-19T00:16:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-18T18:46:35Z", "ms": 1676745995426.8037 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-19T01:04:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-18T19:34:35Z", "ms": 1676748875426.8037 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-02-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-02-20T00:16:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-19T18:46:30Z", "ms": 1676832389970.2825 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-20T01:04:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-19T19:34:30Z", "ms": 1676835269970.2825 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 20:03 on Sat 18 Feb to 16:19 on Sun 19 Feb.", "fact": "2023-02-18T14:32:50Z → 2023-02-19T10:48:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:17–01:05 on the 18th, 00:16–01:04 on the 19th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 15225 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāśivarātri, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 18 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maha-shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day" } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Mahāśivarātri (Shivratri) 2023 falls on Saturday 18 February. Caturdaśī runs from 20:03 on Sat 18 Feb to 16:19 on Sun 19 Feb and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/maha-shivaratri", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-02-18", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-02-18", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 98, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-02-17T23:36:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-17T18:06:36Z", "ms": 1676657195949.5112 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-18T20:02:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-18T14:32:50Z", "ms": 1676730770141.666 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-02-17T23:36:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-17T18:06:36Z", "ms": 1676657195949.5112 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-18T20:02:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-18T14:32:50Z", "ms": 1676730770141.666 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-02-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-02-17T18:23:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-17T12:53:31Z", "ms": 1676638410512.8828 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-17T20:04:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-17T14:34:05Z", "ms": 1676644445099.6123 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-02-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-02-18T18:24:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-18T12:54:04Z", "ms": 1676724843546.2026 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-18T20:04:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-18T14:34:28Z", "ms": 1676730868047.6963 } }, "covered_min": 99, "window_min": 100, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:37 on Fri 17 Feb to 20:03 on Sat 18 Feb.", "fact": "2023-02-17T18:06:36Z → 2023-02-18T14:32:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:24–20:04 on the 17th, 18:24–20:04 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 101 minutes on the 17th and 99 of 100 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 98 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 18 February.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-18", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Saturday 18 February. Trayodaśī runs from 23:37 on Fri 17 Feb to 20:03 on Sat 18 Feb and covers 99 of 100 minutes of pradoṣa that evening. It is 1 min 38 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-02-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-02-23", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-02-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31890, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-02-23T03:24:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-22T21:54:55Z", "ms": 1677102894830.2214 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-24T01:34:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-23T20:04:04Z", "ms": 1677182644162.6233 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-02-23T03:24:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-22T21:54:55Z", "ms": 1677102894830.2214 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-24T01:34:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-23T20:04:04Z", "ms": 1677182644162.6233 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-02-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-02-23T12:16:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-23T06:46:25Z", "ms": 1677134785065.0342 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-23T13:04:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-23T07:34:25Z", "ms": 1677137665065.0342 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-02-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-02-24T12:16:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-24T06:46:17Z", "ms": 1677221176798.12 }, "end": { "local": "2023-02-24T13:04:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-02-24T07:34:17Z", "ms": 1677224056798.12 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:25 on Thu 23 Feb to 01:34 on Fri 24 Feb.", "fact": "2023-02-22T21:54:55Z → 2023-02-23T20:04:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:16–13:04 on the 23rd, 12:16–13:04 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31890 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 23 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-02-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vināyaka Caturthī 2023 falls on Thursday 23 February. Caturthī runs from 03:25 on Thu 23 Feb to 01:34 on Fri 24 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-02-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-03-03", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-03-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 502, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-03-02T06:40:02+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-02T01:10:02Z", "ms": 1677719401916.2346 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-03T09:11:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-03T03:41:44Z", "ms": 1677814903618.6658 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-03-02T06:40:02+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-02T01:10:02Z", "ms": 1677719401916.2346 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-03T09:11:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-03T03:41:44Z", "ms": 1677814903618.6658 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-03-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-02T06:48:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-02T01:18:24Z", "ms": 1677719904361.3232 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-02T06:48:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-02T01:18:24Z", "ms": 1677719904361.3232 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-03-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-03T06:47:33+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-03T01:17:33Z", "ms": 1677806252532.6938 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-03T06:47:33+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-03T01:17:33Z", "ms": 1677806252532.6938 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:40 on Thu 2 Mar to 09:12 on Fri 3 Mar.", "fact": "2023-03-02T01:10:02Z → 2023-03-03T03:41:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:48 on the 2nd and 06:48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 2nd and is on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both sunrises qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 502 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 3 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Āmalakī Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Friday 3 March. Ekādaśī runs from 06:40 on Thu 2 Mar to 09:12 on Fri 3 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-03-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-03-04", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-03-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15822, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-03-04T11:43:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-04T06:13:46Z", "ms": 1677910426406.67 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-05T14:07:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-05T08:37:45Z", "ms": 1678005464846.0994 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-03-04T11:43:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-04T06:13:46Z", "ms": 1677910426406.67 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-05T14:07:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-05T08:37:45Z", "ms": 1678005464846.0994 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-03-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-04T18:31:00+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-04T13:01:00Z", "ms": 1677934859829.914 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-04T20:08:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-04T14:38:58Z", "ms": 1677940738134.6074 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-03-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-05T18:31:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-05T13:01:27Z", "ms": 1678021286507.2808 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-05T20:09:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-05T14:39:14Z", "ms": 1678027154117.51 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 11:44 on Sat 4 Mar to 14:08 on Sun 5 Mar.", "fact": "2023-03-04T06:13:46Z → 2023-03-05T08:37:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:31–20:09 on the 4th, 18:31–20:09 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 98 of 98 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 98 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15822 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 4 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Saturday 4 March. Trayodaśī runs from 11:44 on Sat 4 Mar to 14:08 on Sun 5 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-03-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/holika-dahana", "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-03-06", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 440, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2023-03-06T16:17:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-06T10:47:49Z", "ms": 1678099669338.203 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-07T18:10:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-07T12:40:22Z", "ms": 1678192821862.187 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-03-06T16:17:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-06T10:47:49Z", "ms": 1678099669338.203 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-07T18:10:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-07T12:40:22Z", "ms": 1678192821862.187 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-03-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-06T16:10:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-06T10:40:29Z", "ms": 1678099228986.3083 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-06T18:31:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-06T13:01:53Z", "ms": 1678107712836.8857 } }, "covered_min": 134, "window_min": 141, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-03-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-07T16:10:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-07T10:40:39Z", "ms": 1678185638976.4802 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-07T18:32:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-07T13:02:19Z", "ms": 1678194138835.0217 } }, "covered_min": 120, "window_min": 142, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 16:18 on Mon 6 Mar to 18:10 on Tue 7 Mar.", "fact": "2023-03-06T10:47:49Z → 2023-03-07T12:40:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:10–18:32 on the 6th, 16:11–18:32 on the 7th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 134 of 141 minutes on the 6th and 120 of 142 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both late afternoons qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 440 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holikā Dahana, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 6 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holika-dahana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "not_evaluated": "The hour the row gives for the rite (\"it should be observed on second half of purnima at night\") is not tested: sāyāhna alone settles the day.", "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-06", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-06", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-03-07" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2022-23", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Holikā Dahana 2023 falls on Monday 6 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 16:18 on Mon 6 Mar to 18:10 on Tue 7 Mar and covers 134 of 141 minutes of sāyāhna that late afternoon. It also reaches the next late afternoon for 120 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested. Rashtriya Panchang recorded 7 March (Principal festivals, 2022-23).", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/holika-dahana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/holi", "festival": "holi", "name": "Holī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-03-07", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 440, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2023-03-06T16:17:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-06T10:47:49Z", "ms": 1678099669338.203 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-07T18:10:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-07T12:40:22Z", "ms": 1678192821862.187 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-03-06T16:17:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-06T10:47:49Z", "ms": 1678099669338.203 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-07T18:10:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-07T12:40:22Z", "ms": 1678192821862.187 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-03-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-06T16:10:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-06T10:40:29Z", "ms": 1678099228986.3083 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-06T18:31:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-06T13:01:53Z", "ms": 1678107712836.8857 } }, "covered_min": 134, "window_min": 141, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-03-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-07T16:10:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-07T10:40:39Z", "ms": 1678185638976.4802 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-07T18:32:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-07T13:02:19Z", "ms": 1678194138835.0217 } }, "covered_min": 120, "window_min": 142, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "local_date": "2023-03-06", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 16:18 on Mon 6 Mar to 18:10 on Tue 7 Mar.", "fact": "2023-03-06T10:47:49Z → 2023-03-07T12:40:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:10–18:32 on the 6th, 16:11–18:32 on the 7th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 134 of 141 minutes on the 6th and 120 of 142 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both late afternoons qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 440 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Holī is kept the day after Holikā Dahana: Monday 6 March is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: holika-dahana + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holī, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 7 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holi", "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-07", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-07", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-03-08" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2022-23", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Holī 2023 falls on Tuesday 7 March. It is kept the day after Holikā Dahana, which falls on Monday 6 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 16:18 on Mon 6 Mar to 18:10 on Tue 7 Mar and covers 134 of 141 minutes of sāyāhna on the 6th. It also reaches the next late afternoon for 120 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested. Rashtriya Panchang recorded 8 March (Principal festivals, 2022-23).", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/holi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vasantotsava", "festival": "vasantotsava", "name": "Vasantotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-03-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39541, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 15, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2023-03-07T18:10:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-07T12:40:22Z", "ms": 1678192821862.187 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-08T19:43:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-08T14:13:09Z", "ms": 1678284789490.3728 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-03-07T18:10:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-07T12:40:22Z", "ms": 1678192821862.187 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-08T19:43:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-08T14:13:09Z", "ms": 1678284789490.3728 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-03-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-08T06:43:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-08T01:13:05Z", "ms": 1678237985019.5623 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-08T06:43:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-08T01:13:05Z", "ms": 1678237985019.5623 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-03-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-09T06:42:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-09T01:12:10Z", "ms": 1678324330044.7969 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-09T06:42:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-09T01:12:10Z", "ms": 1678324330044.7969 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 18:10 on Tue 7 Mar to 19:43 on Wed 8 Mar.", "fact": "2023-03-07T12:40:22Z → 2023-03-08T14:13:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:43 on the 8th and 06:42 on the 9th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be current at sunrise. It is on the 8th and is not on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 39541 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasantotsava, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 8 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasantotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 1 Vasantotsava (current at sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vasantotsava 2023 falls on Wednesday 8 March. Pratipadā runs from 18:10 on Tue 7 Mar to 19:43 on Wed 8 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vasantotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-03-11", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-03-11", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 147, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-03-10T21:42:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-10T16:12:55Z", "ms": 1678464775222.4138 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-11T22:06:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-11T16:36:08Z", "ms": 1678552568169.2395 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-03-10T21:42:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-10T16:12:55Z", "ms": 1678464775222.4138 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-11T22:06:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-11T16:36:08Z", "ms": 1678552568169.2395 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-03-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-10T21:08:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-10T15:38:03Z", "ms": 1678462682553.3027 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-10T21:08:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-10T15:38:03Z", "ms": 1678462682553.3027 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-03-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-11T22:03:41+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-11T16:33:41Z", "ms": 1678552421446.5898 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-11T22:03:41+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-11T16:33:41Z", "ms": 1678552421446.5898 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:43 on Fri 10 Mar to 22:06 on Sat 11 Mar.", "fact": "2023-03-10T16:12:55Z → 2023-03-11T16:36:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:08 on the 10th and 22:04 on the 11th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 10th and is on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 147 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 11 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-11", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-11", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī (Sankatahara Chaturthi) 2023 falls on Saturday 11 March. Caturthī runs from 21:43 on Fri 10 Mar to 22:06 on Sat 11 Mar and is current at moonrise that day. It is 2 min 27 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-03-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/shitalashtami", "festival": "shitalashtami", "name": "Śītalāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-03-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20764, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2023-03-14T20:22:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-14T14:52:42Z", "ms": 1678805561687.4238 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-15T18:46:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-15T13:16:09Z", "ms": 1678886168577.003 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-03-14T20:22:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-14T14:52:42Z", "ms": 1678805561687.4238 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-15T18:46:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-15T13:16:09Z", "ms": 1678886168577.003 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-03-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-14T12:12:21+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-14T06:42:21Z", "ms": 1678776141156.244 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-14T13:00:21+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-14T07:30:21Z", "ms": 1678779021156.244 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-03-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-15T12:12:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-15T06:42:05Z", "ms": 1678862524583.1514 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-15T13:00:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-15T07:30:05Z", "ms": 1678865404583.1514 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 20:23 on Tue 14 Mar to 18:46 on Wed 15 Mar.", "fact": "2023-03-14T14:52:42Z → 2023-03-15T13:16:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 14th, 12:12–13:00 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 20764 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalāṣṭamī, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 15 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitalashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Sitalastami, (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śītalāṣṭamī 2023 falls on Wednesday 15 March. Aṣṭamī runs from 20:23 on Tue 14 Mar to 18:46 on Wed 15 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/shitalashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-03-18", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-03-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16842, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-03-17T14:07:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-17T08:37:27Z", "ms": 1679042246610.345 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-18T11:14:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-18T05:44:22Z", "ms": 1679118261682.1626 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-03-17T14:07:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-17T08:37:27Z", "ms": 1679042246610.345 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-18T11:14:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-18T05:44:22Z", "ms": 1679118261682.1626 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-03-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-17T06:34:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-17T01:04:37Z", "ms": 1679015077426.7195 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-17T06:34:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-17T01:04:37Z", "ms": 1679015077426.7195 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-03-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-18T06:33:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-18T01:03:40Z", "ms": 1679101419665.5664 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-18T06:33:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-18T01:03:40Z", "ms": 1679101419665.5664 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:07 on Fri 17 Mar to 11:14 on Sat 18 Mar.", "fact": "2023-03-17T08:37:27Z → 2023-03-18T05:44:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:35 on the 17th and 06:34 on the 18th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 17th and is on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16842 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 18 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Saturday 18 March. Ekādaśī runs from 14:07 on Fri 17 Mar to 11:14 on Sat 18 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-03-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-03-19", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-03-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31400, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-03-19T08:07:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-19T02:37:42Z", "ms": 1679193462004.9155 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-20T04:55:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-19T23:25:47Z", "ms": 1679268346976.2002 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-03-19T08:07:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-19T02:37:42Z", "ms": 1679193462004.9155 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-20T04:55:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-19T23:25:47Z", "ms": 1679268346976.2002 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-03-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-18T18:36:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-18T13:06:48Z", "ms": 1679144807579.272 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-18T20:12:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-18T14:42:15Z", "ms": 1679150534799.2324 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-03-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-19T18:37:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-19T13:07:11Z", "ms": 1679231230839.6833 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-19T20:12:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-19T14:42:27Z", "ms": 1679236947213.1824 } }, "covered_min": 95, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:08 on Sun 19 Mar to 04:56 on Mon 20 Mar.", "fact": "2023-03-19T02:37:42Z → 2023-03-19T23:25:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:37–20:12 on the 18th, 18:37–20:12 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 95 minutes on the 18th and 95 of 95 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31400 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 19 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Sunday 19 March. Trayodaśī runs from 08:08 on Sun 19 Mar to 04:56 on Mon 20 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-03-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-03-20", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-03-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2976, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-03-20T04:55:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-19T23:25:47Z", "ms": 1679268346976.2002 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-21T01:47:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-20T20:17:45Z", "ms": 1679343465312.6562 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-03-20T04:55:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-19T23:25:47Z", "ms": 1679268346976.2002 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-21T01:47:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-20T20:17:45Z", "ms": 1679343465312.6562 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-03-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-20T00:10:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-19T18:40:27Z", "ms": 1679251227240.3047 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-20T00:58:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-19T19:28:27Z", "ms": 1679254107240.3047 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-03-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-21T00:10:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-20T18:40:10Z", "ms": 1679337609691.3516 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-21T00:58:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-20T19:28:10Z", "ms": 1679340489691.3516 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 04:56 on Mon 20 Mar to 01:48 on Tue 21 Mar.", "fact": "2023-03-19T23:25:47Z → 2023-03-20T20:17:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:10–00:58 on the 19th, 00:10–00:58 on the 20th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2976 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 20 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śivarātri (Masik Shivaratri) 2023 falls on Monday 20 March. Caturdaśī runs from 04:56 on Mon 20 Mar to 01:48 on Tue 21 Mar and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-03-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "festival": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "name": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-03-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26599, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2023-03-21T22:53:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-21T17:23:09Z", "ms": 1679419388680.4924 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-22T20:21:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-22T14:51:23Z", "ms": 1679496682915.2686 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-03-21T22:53:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-21T17:23:09Z", "ms": 1679419388680.4924 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-22T20:21:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-22T14:51:23Z", "ms": 1679496682915.2686 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-03-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-21T12:10:21+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-21T06:40:21Z", "ms": 1679380821184.1333 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-21T12:58:21+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-21T07:28:21Z", "ms": 1679383701184.1333 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-03-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-22T12:10:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-22T06:40:03Z", "ms": 1679467203454.0557 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-22T12:58:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-22T07:28:03Z", "ms": 1679470083454.0557 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 22:53 on Tue 21 Mar to 20:21 on Wed 22 Mar.", "fact": "2023-03-21T17:23:09Z → 2023-03-22T14:51:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 21st, 12:10–12:58 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26599 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra), Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 22 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-03-22" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2022-23", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Navarātrārambha (Caitra) (Chaitra Navratri) 2023 falls on Wednesday 22 March. Pratipadā runs from 22:53 on Tue 21 Mar to 20:21 on Wed 22 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/gauri-tritiya", "festival": "gauri-tritiya", "name": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-03-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14562, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2023-03-23T18:21:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-23T12:51:14Z", "ms": 1679575874423.5588 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-24T17:00:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-24T11:30:09Z", "ms": 1679657409383.4077 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-03-23T18:21:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-23T12:51:14Z", "ms": 1679575874423.5588 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-24T17:00:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-24T11:30:09Z", "ms": 1679657409383.4077 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-23T12:09:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-23T06:39:46Z", "ms": 1679553585625.2 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-23T12:57:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-23T07:27:46Z", "ms": 1679556465625.2 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-24T12:09:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-24T06:39:28Z", "ms": 1679639967713.9014 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-24T12:57:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-24T07:27:28Z", "ms": 1679642847713.9014 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 18:21 on Thu 23 Mar to 17:00 on Fri 24 Mar.", "fact": "2023-03-23T12:51:14Z → 2023-03-24T11:30:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 23rd, 12:09–12:57 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14562 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 24 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gauri-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-03-24" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2022-23", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Gaurī Tṛtīyā (Gangaur) 2023 falls on Friday 24 March. Tṛtīyā runs from 18:21 on Thu 23 Mar to 17:00 on Fri 24 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/gauri-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-03-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14562, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2023-03-23T18:21:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-23T12:51:14Z", "ms": 1679575874423.5588 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-24T17:00:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-24T11:30:09Z", "ms": 1679657409383.4077 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-03-23T18:21:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-23T12:51:14Z", "ms": 1679575874423.5588 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-24T17:00:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-24T11:30:09Z", "ms": 1679657409383.4077 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-23T12:09:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-23T06:39:46Z", "ms": 1679553585625.2 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-23T12:57:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-23T07:27:46Z", "ms": 1679556465625.2 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-24T12:09:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-24T06:39:28Z", "ms": 1679639967713.9014 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-24T12:57:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-24T07:27:28Z", "ms": 1679642847713.9014 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 18:21 on Thu 23 Mar to 17:00 on Fri 24 Mar.", "fact": "2023-03-23T12:51:14Z → 2023-03-24T11:30:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 23rd, 12:09–12:57 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14562 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 24 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata 2023 falls on Friday 24 March. Tṛtīyā runs from 18:21 on Thu 23 Mar to 17:00 on Fri 24 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-03-25", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-03-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12376, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-03-24T17:00:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-24T11:30:09Z", "ms": 1679657409383.4077 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-25T16:23:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-25T10:53:25Z", "ms": 1679741605351.7502 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-03-24T17:00:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-24T11:30:09Z", "ms": 1679657409383.4077 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-25T16:23:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-25T10:53:25Z", "ms": 1679741605351.7502 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-24T12:09:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-24T06:39:28Z", "ms": 1679639967713.9014 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-24T12:57:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-24T07:27:28Z", "ms": 1679642847713.9014 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-25T12:09:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-25T06:39:10Z", "ms": 1679726349737.1338 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-25T12:57:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-25T07:27:10Z", "ms": 1679729229737.1338 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 17:00 on Fri 24 Mar to 16:23 on Sat 25 Mar.", "fact": "2023-03-24T11:30:09Z → 2023-03-25T10:53:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 24th, 12:09–12:57 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 48 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12376 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 25 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vināyaka Caturthī 2023 falls on Saturday 25 March. Caturthī runs from 17:00 on Fri 24 Mar to 16:23 on Sat 25 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-03-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/lakshmi-panchami", "festival": "lakshmi-panchami", "name": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-03-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12376, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2023-03-25T16:23:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-25T10:53:25Z", "ms": 1679741605351.7502 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-26T16:33:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-26T11:03:19Z", "ms": 1679828599341.0273 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-03-25T16:23:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-25T10:53:25Z", "ms": 1679741605351.7502 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-26T16:33:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-26T11:03:19Z", "ms": 1679828599341.0273 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-25T12:09:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-25T06:39:10Z", "ms": 1679726349737.1338 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-25T12:57:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-25T07:27:10Z", "ms": 1679729229737.1338 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-03-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-26T12:08:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-26T06:38:52Z", "ms": 1679812731712.6016 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-26T12:56:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-26T07:26:52Z", "ms": 1679815611712.6016 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 16:23 on Sat 25 Mar to 16:33 on Sun 26 Mar.", "fact": "2023-03-25T10:53:25Z → 2023-03-26T11:03:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 25th, 12:09–12:57 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 12376 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 26 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "lakshmi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri pancami or Laksmi pancami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Lakṣmī Pañcamī 2023 falls on Sunday 26 March. Pañcamī runs from 16:23 on Sat 25 Mar to 16:33 on Sun 26 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/lakshmi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/bhavani-utpatti", "festival": "bhavani-utpatti", "name": "Bhavānī Utpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-03-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22006, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2023-03-28T19:03:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-28T13:33:01Z", "ms": 1680010381143.199 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-29T21:07:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-29T15:37:52Z", "ms": 1680104271661.2126 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-03-28T19:03:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-28T13:33:01Z", "ms": 1680010381143.199 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-29T21:07:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-29T15:37:52Z", "ms": 1680104271661.2126 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-03-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-28T12:08:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-28T06:38:16Z", "ms": 1679985495594.498 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-28T12:56:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-28T07:26:16Z", "ms": 1679988375594.498 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-03-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-29T12:07:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-29T06:37:58Z", "ms": 1680071877539.458 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-29T12:55:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-29T07:25:58Z", "ms": 1680074757539.458 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 19:03 on Tue 28 Mar to 21:08 on Wed 29 Mar.", "fact": "2023-03-28T13:33:01Z → 2023-03-29T15:37:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 28th, 12:08–12:56 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22006 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhavānī Utpatti, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 29 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhavani-utpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Annapurna puja (Beng.) (paraviddha), Bhavani-utpatti (paraviddha), Asokastami (Special when combined with naks. Punarvasu and Wednesday, after mid-day)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Bhavānī Utpatti 2023 falls on Wednesday 29 March. Aṣṭamī runs from 19:03 on Tue 28 Mar to 21:08 on Wed 29 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/bhavani-utpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/rama-navami", "festival": "rama-navami", "name": "Rāma Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-03-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29514, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2023-03-29T21:07:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-29T15:37:52Z", "ms": 1680104271661.2126 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-30T23:30:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-30T18:00:52Z", "ms": 1680199252088.3223 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-03-29T21:07:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-29T15:37:52Z", "ms": 1680104271661.2126 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-30T23:30:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-30T18:00:52Z", "ms": 1680199252088.3223 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-03-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-29T12:07:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-29T06:37:58Z", "ms": 1680071877539.458 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-29T12:55:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-29T07:25:58Z", "ms": 1680074757539.458 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-03-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-03-30T12:07:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-30T06:37:40Z", "ms": 1680158259513.4895 }, "end": { "local": "2023-03-30T12:55:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-30T07:25:40Z", "ms": 1680161139513.4895 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 21:08 on Wed 29 Mar to 23:31 on Thu 30 Mar.", "fact": "2023-03-29T15:37:52Z → 2023-03-30T18:00:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 29th, 12:08–12:56 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29514 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāma Navamī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 30 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rama-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Ramanavami (madhyahnavyapini, special with Punarvasu naks.), Rama jayanti." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special when it falls with Punarvasu nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-03-30" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2022-23", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Rāma Navamī 2023 falls on Thursday 30 March. Navamī runs from 21:08 on Wed 29 Mar to 23:31 on Thu 30 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/rama-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-04-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-04-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7128, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-04-01T01:59:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-31T20:29:03Z", "ms": 1680294542875.2917 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-02T04:20:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-01T22:50:18Z", "ms": 1680389417591.5388 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-04-01T01:59:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-03-31T20:29:03Z", "ms": 1680294542875.2917 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-02T04:20:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-01T22:50:18Z", "ms": 1680389417591.5388 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-01T06:20:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-01T00:50:03Z", "ms": 1680310203329.725 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-01T06:20:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-01T00:50:03Z", "ms": 1680310203329.725 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-04-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-02T06:19:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-02T00:49:05Z", "ms": 1680396545457.818 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-02T06:19:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-02T00:49:05Z", "ms": 1680396545457.818 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 01:59 on Sat 1 Apr to 04:20 on Sun 2 Apr.", "fact": "2023-03-31T20:29:03Z → 2023-04-01T22:50:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:20 on the 1st and 06:19 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 1st and is not on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7128 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 1 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kāmadā Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Saturday 1 April. Ekādaśī runs from 01:59 on Sat 1 Apr to 04:20 on Sun 2 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-04-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ananga-trayodashi", "festival": "ananga-trayodashi", "name": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-04-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14422, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-04-03T06:24:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-03T00:54:49Z", "ms": 1680483288519.6956 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-04T08:05:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-04T02:35:49Z", "ms": 1680575748587.337 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-04-03T06:24:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-03T00:54:49Z", "ms": 1680483288519.6956 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-04T08:05:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-04T02:35:49Z", "ms": 1680575748587.337 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-04-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-03T12:06:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-03T06:36:28Z", "ms": 1680503788108.1123 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-03T12:54:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-03T07:24:28Z", "ms": 1680506668108.1123 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-04T12:06:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-04T06:36:11Z", "ms": 1680590170535.4053 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-04T12:54:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-04T07:24:11Z", "ms": 1680593050535.4053 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 06:25 on Mon 3 Apr to 08:06 on Tue 4 Apr.", "fact": "2023-04-03T00:54:49Z → 2023-04-04T02:35:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:06–12:54 on the 3rd, 12:06–12:54 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 14422 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 3 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananga-trayodashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 13 Ananga trayodasi (purvaviddha), Mahavira jayanti (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Anaṅga Trayodaśī 2023 falls on Monday 3 April. Trayodaśī runs from 06:25 on Mon 3 Apr to 08:06 on Tue 4 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ananga-trayodashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-04-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-04-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36577, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-04-03T06:24:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-03T00:54:49Z", "ms": 1680483288519.6956 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-04T08:05:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-04T02:35:49Z", "ms": 1680575748587.337 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-04-03T06:24:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-03T00:54:49Z", "ms": 1680483288519.6956 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-04T08:05:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-04T02:35:49Z", "ms": 1680575748587.337 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-04-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-02T18:42:26+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-02T13:12:26Z", "ms": 1680441146168.7822 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-02T20:15:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-02T14:45:12Z", "ms": 1680446711717.489 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-04-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-03T18:42:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-03T13:12:48Z", "ms": 1680527568432.1414 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-03T20:15:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-03T14:45:23Z", "ms": 1680533123352.6196 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 06:25 on Mon 3 Apr to 08:06 on Tue 4 Apr.", "fact": "2023-04-03T00:54:49Z → 2023-04-04T02:35:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:42–20:15 on the 2nd, 18:43–20:15 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 93 minutes on the 2nd and 93 of 93 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36577 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 3 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Monday 3 April. Trayodaśī runs from 06:25 on Mon 3 Apr to 08:06 on Tue 4 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-04-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "festival": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "name": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-04-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9983, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-04-04T08:05:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-04T02:35:49Z", "ms": 1680575748587.337 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-05T09:19:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-05T03:49:30Z", "ms": 1680666569743.0469 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-04-04T08:05:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-04T02:35:49Z", "ms": 1680575748587.337 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-05T09:19:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-05T03:49:30Z", "ms": 1680666569743.0469 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-04T12:06:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-04T06:36:11Z", "ms": 1680590170535.4053 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-04T12:54:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-04T07:24:11Z", "ms": 1680593050535.4053 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-05T12:05:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-05T06:35:53Z", "ms": 1680676553116.525 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-05T12:53:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-05T07:23:53Z", "ms": 1680679433116.525 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 08:06 on Tue 4 Apr to 09:19 on Wed 5 Apr.", "fact": "2023-04-04T02:35:49Z → 2023-04-05T03:49:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:06–12:54 on the 4th, 12:06–12:54 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9983 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 4 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Madanabhanji, (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Sivadamanaka caturdasi, Visnudamanaka caturdasi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī 2023 falls on Tuesday 4 April. Caturdaśī runs from 08:06 on Tue 4 Apr to 09:19 on Wed 5 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/chaitri-purnima", "festival": "chaitri-purnima", "name": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-04-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7264, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2023-04-05T09:19:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-05T03:49:30Z", "ms": 1680666569743.0469 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-06T10:04:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-06T04:34:31Z", "ms": 1680755671457.7751 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-04-05T09:19:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-05T03:49:30Z", "ms": 1680666569743.0469 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-06T10:04:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-06T04:34:31Z", "ms": 1680755671457.7751 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-05T12:05:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-05T06:35:53Z", "ms": 1680676553116.525 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-05T12:53:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-05T07:23:53Z", "ms": 1680679433116.525 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-06T12:05:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-06T06:35:36Z", "ms": 1680762935872.9639 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-06T12:53:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-06T07:23:36Z", "ms": 1680765815872.9639 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 09:19 on Wed 5 Apr to 10:05 on Thu 6 Apr.", "fact": "2023-04-05T03:49:30Z → 2023-04-06T04:34:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:06–12:54 on the 5th, 12:06–12:54 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7264 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 5 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chaitri-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Caitri purnima (paraviddha), Hanumat jayanti, Oli ending (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Caitrī Pūrṇimā 2023 falls on Wednesday 5 April. Pūrṇimā runs from 09:19 on Wed 5 Apr to 10:05 on Thu 6 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/chaitri-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-04-09", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-04-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38408, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-04-09T09:36:00+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-09T04:06:00Z", "ms": 1681013159673.3342 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-10T08:37:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-10T03:07:47Z", "ms": 1681096066806.8335 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-04-09T09:36:00+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-09T04:06:00Z", "ms": 1681013159673.3342 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-10T08:37:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-10T03:07:47Z", "ms": 1681096066806.8335 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-08T20:55:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-08T15:25:56Z", "ms": 1680967555844.8345 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-08T20:55:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-08T15:25:56Z", "ms": 1680967555844.8345 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-09T21:57:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-09T16:27:38Z", "ms": 1681057658369.2239 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-09T21:57:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-09T16:27:38Z", "ms": 1681057658369.2239 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:36 on Sun 9 Apr to 08:38 on Mon 10 Apr.", "fact": "2023-04-09T04:06:00Z → 2023-04-10T03:07:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:56 on the 8th and 21:58 on the 9th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 8th and is on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 38408 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 9 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī (Sankatahara Chaturthi) 2023 falls on Sunday 9 April. Caturthī runs from 09:36 on Sun 9 Apr to 08:38 on Mon 10 Apr and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-04-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vaishakhi", "festival": "vaishakhi", "name": "Vaiśākhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-04-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31864, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 0, "key": "mesha", "name": "Meṣa", "start": { "local": "2023-04-14T14:58:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-14T09:28:58Z", "ms": 1681464537796.1758 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-15T11:44:57+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-15T06:14:57Z", "ms": 1684131296828.768 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2023-04-14T14:58:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-14T09:28:58Z", "ms": 1681464537796.1758 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-14T14:58:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-14T09:28:58Z", "ms": 1681464537796.1758 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-13T06:08:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-13T00:38:48Z", "ms": 1681346327966.1301 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-14T06:07:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-14T00:37:54Z", "ms": 1681432674273.0264 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-14T06:07:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-14T00:37:54Z", "ms": 1681432674273.0264 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-15T06:07:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-15T00:37:01Z", "ms": 1681519021099.9714 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Meṣa at 14:59 on Fri 14 Apr.", "fact": "2023-04-14T09:28:58Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:09 on the 13th, and from 06:08 on the 14th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from sunrise. The transit falls on the 14th, not the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunrise → only-day · margin 31864 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaiśākhī, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 14 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "vaishakhi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Mesadi — Cadaka puja (Bengal), Bahag Bihu (Assam), Cheiraoba (Manipur), Visu (T. C. State), Vaisakhi (on the samkramana day commencing from sunrise)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The other names in the row (Cadaka puja, Bahag Bihu, Cheiraoba, Visu) are regional observances and wait with the regional rows.", "rashi": "Meṣa", "day_from": "sunrise" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2023-04-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "2023-04-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-04-14" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2022-23", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vaiśākhī (Baisakhi) 2023 falls on Friday 14 April. The Sun enters Meṣa at 14:59 on Fri 14 Apr, and the rule counts the day from sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vaishakhi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-04-16", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-04-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33624, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-04-15T20:45:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-15T15:15:45Z", "ms": 1681571744810.4465 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-16T18:14:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-16T12:44:54Z", "ms": 1681649094476.4238 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-04-15T20:45:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-15T15:15:45Z", "ms": 1681571744810.4465 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-16T18:14:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-16T12:44:54Z", "ms": 1681649094476.4238 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-16T06:06:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-16T00:36:08Z", "ms": 1681605368470.6018 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-16T06:06:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-16T00:36:08Z", "ms": 1681605368470.6018 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-04-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-17T06:05:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-17T00:35:16Z", "ms": 1681691716407.471 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-17T06:05:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-17T00:35:16Z", "ms": 1681691716407.471 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:46 on Sat 15 Apr to 18:15 on Sun 16 Apr.", "fact": "2023-04-15T15:15:45Z → 2023-04-16T12:44:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:06 on the 16th and 06:05 on the 17th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 16th and is not on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33624 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 16 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Varūthinī Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Sunday 16 April. Ekādaśī runs from 20:46 on Sat 15 Apr to 18:15 on Sun 16 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-04-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-04-17", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-04-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10876, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-04-17T15:46:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-17T10:16:55Z", "ms": 1681726614638.8313 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-18T13:27:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-18T07:57:50Z", "ms": 1681804669898.0562 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-04-17T15:46:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-17T10:16:55Z", "ms": 1681726614638.8313 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-18T13:27:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-18T07:57:50Z", "ms": 1681804669898.0562 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-04-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-17T18:48:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-17T13:18:11Z", "ms": 1681737490817.0527 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-17T20:18:21+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-17T14:48:21Z", "ms": 1681742900699.0508 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-04-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-18T18:48:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-18T13:18:35Z", "ms": 1681823915055.7676 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-18T20:18:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-18T14:48:35Z", "ms": 1681829314923.636 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 15:47 on Mon 17 Apr to 13:28 on Tue 18 Apr.", "fact": "2023-04-17T10:16:55Z → 2023-04-18T07:57:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:48–20:18 on the 17th, 18:49–20:19 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 90 of 90 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 90 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10876 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 17 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Monday 17 April. Trayodaśī runs from 15:47 on Mon 17 Apr to 13:28 on Tue 18 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-04-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-04-18", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-04-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38046, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-04-18T13:27:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-18T07:57:50Z", "ms": 1681804669898.0562 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-19T11:24:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-19T05:54:10Z", "ms": 1681883650086.3887 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-04-18T13:27:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-18T07:57:50Z", "ms": 1681804669898.0562 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-19T11:24:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-19T05:54:10Z", "ms": 1681883650086.3887 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-04-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-18T00:02:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-17T18:32:18Z", "ms": 1681756337874.5452 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-18T00:50:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-17T19:20:18Z", "ms": 1681759217874.5452 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-04-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-19T00:02:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-18T18:32:05Z", "ms": 1681842724560.274 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-19T00:50:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-18T19:20:05Z", "ms": 1681845604560.274 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:28 on Tue 18 Apr to 11:24 on Wed 19 Apr.", "fact": "2023-04-18T07:57:50Z → 2023-04-19T05:54:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:02–00:50 on the 17th, 00:02–00:50 on the 18th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 48 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 38046 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 18 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śivarātri (Masik Shivaratri) 2023 falls on Tuesday 18 April. Caturdaśī runs from 13:28 on Tue 18 Apr to 11:24 on Wed 19 Apr and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-04-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/parashurama-jayanti", "festival": "parashurama-jayanti", "name": "Paraśurāma Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-04-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39629, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2023-04-22T07:49:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-22T02:19:45Z", "ms": 1682129985010.1423 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-23T07:47:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-23T02:17:58Z", "ms": 1682216278089.5996 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-04-22T07:49:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-22T02:19:45Z", "ms": 1682129985010.1423 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-23T07:47:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-23T02:17:58Z", "ms": 1682216278089.5996 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-04-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-22T18:50:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-22T13:20:14Z", "ms": 1682169613905.9172 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-22T20:19:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-22T14:49:34Z", "ms": 1682174974327.5354 } }, "covered_min": 89, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-04-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-23T18:50:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-23T13:20:39Z", "ms": 1682256039086.0476 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-23T20:19:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-23T14:49:50Z", "ms": 1682261389812.4268 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 07:50 on Sat 22 Apr to 07:48 on Sun 23 Apr.", "fact": "2023-04-22T02:19:45Z → 2023-04-23T02:17:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:50–20:20 on the 22nd, 18:51–20:20 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 89 of 89 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 89 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 39629 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Jayantī, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 22 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-04-22" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Paraśurāma Jayantī 2023 falls on Saturday 22 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 07:50 on Sat 22 Apr to 07:48 on Sun 23 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/parashurama-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/akshaya-tritiya", "festival": "akshaya-tritiya", "name": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-04-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6461, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2023-04-22T07:49:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-22T02:19:45Z", "ms": 1682129985010.1423 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-23T07:47:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-23T02:17:58Z", "ms": 1682216278089.5996 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-04-22T07:49:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-22T02:19:45Z", "ms": 1682129985010.1423 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-23T07:47:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-23T02:17:58Z", "ms": 1682216278089.5996 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-04-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-22T06:01:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-22T00:31:05Z", "ms": 1682123465307.7651 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-22T10:17:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-22T04:47:28Z", "ms": 1682138848173.816 } }, "covered_min": 148, "window_min": 256, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-04-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-23T06:00:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-23T00:30:17Z", "ms": 1682209817068.0535 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-23T10:17:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-23T04:47:04Z", "ms": 1682225224407.3848 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 257, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 07:50 on Sat 22 Apr to 07:48 on Sun 23 Apr.", "fact": "2023-04-22T02:19:45Z → 2023-04-23T02:17:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:01–10:17 on the 22nd, 06:00–10:17 on the 23rd.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 148 of 256 minutes on the 22nd and 108 of 257 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both forenoons qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 6461 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 23 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Rohiṇī nakṣatra and a Wednesday; neither is tested.", "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-04-22" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Akṣaya Tṛtīyā (Akha Teej) 2023 falls on Sunday 23 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 07:50 on Sat 22 Apr to 07:48 on Sun 23 Apr and covers 108 of 257 minutes of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon. It also reaches the previous forenoon for 148 minutes; by the rule the second forenoon is taken. Rashtriya Panchang recorded 22 April (Principal festivals, 2023-24).", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/akshaya-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-04-23", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-04-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12950, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-04-23T07:47:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-23T02:17:58Z", "ms": 1682216278089.5996 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-24T08:25:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-24T02:55:27Z", "ms": 1682304926932.1755 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-04-23T07:47:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-23T02:17:58Z", "ms": 1682216278089.5996 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-24T08:25:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-24T02:55:27Z", "ms": 1682304926932.1755 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-04-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-23T12:01:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-23T06:31:28Z", "ms": 1682231488077.0505 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-23T12:49:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-23T07:19:28Z", "ms": 1682234368077.0505 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-04-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-24T12:01:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-24T06:31:17Z", "ms": 1682317876991.839 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-24T12:49:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-24T07:19:17Z", "ms": 1682320756991.839 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:48 on Sun 23 Apr to 08:25 on Mon 24 Apr.", "fact": "2023-04-23T02:17:58Z → 2023-04-24T02:55:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:01–12:49 on the 23rd, 12:01–12:49 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12950 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 23 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vināyaka Caturthī 2023 falls on Sunday 23 April. Caturthī runs from 07:48 on Sun 23 Apr to 08:25 on Mon 24 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-04-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/shankara-jayanti", "festival": "shankara-jayanti", "name": "Śaṅkara Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-04-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8430, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2023-04-24T08:25:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-24T02:55:27Z", "ms": 1682304926932.1755 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-25T09:40:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-25T04:10:36Z", "ms": 1682395836442.948 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-04-24T08:25:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-24T02:55:27Z", "ms": 1682304926932.1755 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-25T09:40:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-25T04:10:36Z", "ms": 1682395836442.948 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-04-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-24T12:01:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-24T06:31:17Z", "ms": 1682317876991.839 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-24T12:49:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-24T07:19:17Z", "ms": 1682320756991.839 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-04-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-25T12:01:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-25T06:31:06Z", "ms": 1682404266360.3013 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-25T12:49:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-25T07:19:06Z", "ms": 1682407146360.3013 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 08:25 on Mon 24 Apr to 09:41 on Tue 25 Apr.", "fact": "2023-04-24T02:55:27Z → 2023-04-25T04:10:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:01–12:49 on the 24th, 12:01–12:49 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8430 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śaṅkara Jayantī, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 24 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shankara-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sankara jayanti." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-04-25" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śaṅkara Jayantī (Shankaracharya Jayanti) 2023 falls on Monday 24 April. Pañcamī runs from 08:25 on Mon 24 Apr to 09:41 on Tue 25 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. Rashtriya Panchang recorded 25 April (Principal festivals, 2023-24).", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/shankara-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/gangotpatti", "festival": "gangotpatti", "name": "Gaṅgotpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-04-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1965, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2023-04-26T11:28:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-26T05:58:11Z", "ms": 1682488690957.2583 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-27T13:39:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-27T08:09:14Z", "ms": 1682582954091.042 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-04-26T11:28:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-26T05:58:11Z", "ms": 1682488690957.2583 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-27T13:39:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-27T08:09:14Z", "ms": 1682582954091.042 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-04-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-26T12:00:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-26T06:30:56Z", "ms": 1682490656191.6514 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-26T12:48:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-26T07:18:56Z", "ms": 1682493536191.6514 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-04-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-04-27T12:00:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-27T06:30:46Z", "ms": 1682577046495.1514 }, "end": { "local": "2023-04-27T12:48:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-27T07:18:46Z", "ms": 1682579926495.1514 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 11:28 on Wed 26 Apr to 13:39 on Thu 27 Apr.", "fact": "2023-04-26T05:58:11Z → 2023-04-27T08:09:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:01–12:49 on the 26th, 12:01–12:49 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 1965 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṅgotpatti, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 26 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gangotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-04-26", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 2023 falls on Wednesday 26 April. Saptamī runs from 11:28 on Wed 26 Apr to 13:39 on Thu 27 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/gangotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-05-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mohinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-05-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27802, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-04-30T20:29:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-30T14:59:13Z", "ms": 1682866753075.1582 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-01T22:10:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-01T16:40:15Z", "ms": 1682959214686.519 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-04-30T20:29:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-04-30T14:59:13Z", "ms": 1682866753075.1582 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-01T22:10:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-01T16:40:15Z", "ms": 1682959214686.519 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-01T05:54:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-01T00:24:18Z", "ms": 1682900658246.2195 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-01T05:54:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-01T00:24:18Z", "ms": 1682900658246.2195 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-05-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-02T05:53:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-02T00:23:37Z", "ms": 1682987017085.5015 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-02T05:53:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-02T00:23:37Z", "ms": 1682987017085.5015 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:29 on Sun 30 Apr to 22:10 on Mon 1 May.", "fact": "2023-04-30T14:59:13Z → 2023-05-01T16:40:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:54 on the 1st and 05:54 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 1st and is not on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27802 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mohinī Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 1 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Mohinī Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Monday 1 May. Ekādaśī runs from 20:29 on Sun 30 Apr to 22:10 on Mon 1 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-05-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/parashurama-dvadashi", "festival": "parashurama-dvadashi", "name": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-05-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33722, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-05-01T22:10:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-01T16:40:15Z", "ms": 1682959214686.519 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-02T23:18:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-02T17:48:28Z", "ms": 1683049708045.7065 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-05-01T22:10:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-01T16:40:15Z", "ms": 1682959214686.519 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-02T23:18:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-02T17:48:28Z", "ms": 1683049708045.7065 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-01T12:00:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-01T06:30:13Z", "ms": 1682922612614.28 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-01T12:48:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-01T07:18:13Z", "ms": 1682925492614.28 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-05-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-02T12:00:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-02T06:30:05Z", "ms": 1683009005415.5522 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-02T12:48:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-02T07:18:05Z", "ms": 1683011885415.5522 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 22:10 on Mon 1 May to 23:18 on Tue 2 May.", "fact": "2023-05-01T16:40:15Z → 2023-05-02T17:48:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:00–12:48 on the 1st, 12:00–12:48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 33722 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 2 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Paraśurāma Dvādaśī 2023 falls on Tuesday 2 May. Dvādaśī runs from 22:10 on Mon 1 May to 23:18 on Tue 2 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/parashurama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/rukmini-dvadashi", "festival": "rukmini-dvadashi", "name": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-05-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33722, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-05-01T22:10:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-01T16:40:15Z", "ms": 1682959214686.519 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-02T23:18:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-02T17:48:28Z", "ms": 1683049708045.7065 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-05-01T22:10:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-01T16:40:15Z", "ms": 1682959214686.519 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-02T23:18:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-02T17:48:28Z", "ms": 1683049708045.7065 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-01T12:00:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-01T06:30:13Z", "ms": 1682922612614.28 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-01T12:48:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-01T07:18:13Z", "ms": 1682925492614.28 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-05-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-02T12:00:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-02T06:30:05Z", "ms": 1683009005415.5522 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-02T12:48:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-02T07:18:05Z", "ms": 1683011885415.5522 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 22:10 on Mon 1 May to 23:18 on Tue 2 May.", "fact": "2023-05-01T16:40:15Z → 2023-05-02T17:48:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:00–12:48 on the 1st, 12:00–12:48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 33722 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 2 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rukmini-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī 2023 falls on Tuesday 2 May. Dvādaśī runs from 22:10 on Mon 1 May to 23:18 on Tue 2 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/rukmini-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-05-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-05-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10567, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-05-02T23:18:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-02T17:48:28Z", "ms": 1683049708045.7065 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-03T23:50:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-03T18:20:03Z", "ms": 1683138003136.085 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-05-02T23:18:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-02T17:48:28Z", "ms": 1683049708045.7065 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-03T23:50:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-03T18:20:03Z", "ms": 1683138003136.085 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-05-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-02T18:54:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-02T13:24:34Z", "ms": 1683033873745.6033 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-02T20:22:21+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-02T14:52:21Z", "ms": 1683039140821.2546 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 88, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-05-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-03T18:55:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-03T13:25:01Z", "ms": 1683120300673.4744 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-03T20:22:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-03T14:52:39Z", "ms": 1683125558910.1982 } }, "covered_min": 88, "window_min": 88, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:18 on Tue 2 May to 23:50 on Wed 3 May.", "fact": "2023-05-02T17:48:28Z → 2023-05-03T18:20:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:55–20:22 on the 2nd, 18:55–20:23 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 88 minutes on the 2nd and 88 of 88 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10567 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 3 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Wednesday 3 May. Trayodaśī runs from 23:18 on Tue 2 May to 23:50 on Wed 3 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-05-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "festival": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "name": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-05-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12094, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-05-03T23:50:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-03T18:20:03Z", "ms": 1683138003136.085 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-04T23:44:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-04T18:14:31Z", "ms": 1683224070870.054 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-05-03T23:50:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-03T18:20:03Z", "ms": 1683138003136.085 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-04T23:44:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-04T18:14:31Z", "ms": 1683224070870.054 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-05-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-03T18:55:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-03T13:25:01Z", "ms": 1683120300673.4744 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-03T20:22:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-03T14:52:39Z", "ms": 1683125558910.1982 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 88, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-05-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-04T18:55:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-04T13:25:28Z", "ms": 1683206727763.4136 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-04T20:22:57+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-04T14:52:57Z", "ms": 1683211977263.4114 } }, "covered_min": 87, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 23:50 on Wed 3 May to 23:45 on Thu 4 May.", "fact": "2023-05-03T18:20:03Z → 2023-05-04T18:14:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:55–20:23 on the 3rd, 18:55–20:23 on the 4th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 88 minutes on the 3rd and 87 of 87 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12094 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 4 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Nrsimha caturdasi (pradosa vyapini — if it occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed, special when combined with naksatra 'Svati', yoga 'Siddhi' and 'Saturday')." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Svātī nakṣatra, Siddhi yoga and a Saturday; none is tested.", "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī (Narasimha Jayanti) 2023 falls on Thursday 4 May. Caturdaśī runs from 23:50 on Wed 3 May to 23:45 on Thu 4 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/buddha-purnima", "festival": "buddha-purnima", "name": "Buddha Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-05-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36976, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2023-05-04T23:44:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-04T18:14:31Z", "ms": 1683224070870.054 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-05T23:04:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-05T17:34:03Z", "ms": 1683308043271.7153 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-05-04T23:44:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-04T18:14:31Z", "ms": 1683224070870.054 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-05T23:04:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-05T17:34:03Z", "ms": 1683308043271.7153 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-05-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-04T11:59:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-04T06:29:53Z", "ms": 1683181792606.1582 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-04T12:47:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-04T07:17:53Z", "ms": 1683184672606.1582 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-05T11:59:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-05T06:29:47Z", "ms": 1683268187013.0884 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-05T12:47:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-05T07:17:47Z", "ms": 1683271067013.0884 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 23:45 on Thu 4 May to 23:04 on Fri 5 May.", "fact": "2023-05-04T18:14:31Z → 2023-05-05T17:34:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:00–12:48 on the 4th, 12:00–12:48 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36976 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Buddha Pūrṇimā, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 5 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "buddha-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-05-05" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Buddha Pūrṇimā (Vesak) 2023 falls on Friday 5 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 23:45 on Thu 4 May to 23:04 on Fri 5 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/buddha-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/sampat-gauri-vrata", "festival": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "name": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-05-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36976, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2023-05-04T23:44:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-04T18:14:31Z", "ms": 1683224070870.054 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-05T23:04:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-05T17:34:03Z", "ms": 1683308043271.7153 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-05-04T23:44:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-04T18:14:31Z", "ms": 1683224070870.054 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-05T23:04:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-05T17:34:03Z", "ms": 1683308043271.7153 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-05-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-04T11:59:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-04T06:29:53Z", "ms": 1683181792606.1582 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-04T12:47:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-04T07:17:53Z", "ms": 1683184672606.1582 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-05T11:59:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-05T06:29:47Z", "ms": 1683268187013.0884 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-05T12:47:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-05T07:17:47Z", "ms": 1683271067013.0884 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 23:45 on Thu 4 May to 23:04 on Fri 5 May.", "fact": "2023-05-04T18:14:31Z → 2023-05-05T17:34:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:00–12:48 on the 4th, 12:00–12:48 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36976 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 5 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Sampat Gaurī Vrata 2023 falls on Friday 5 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 23:45 on Thu 4 May to 23:04 on Fri 5 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/sampat-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-05-08", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-05-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13061, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-05-08T18:19:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-08T12:49:19Z", "ms": 1683550159130.8005 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-09T16:08:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-09T10:38:49Z", "ms": 1683628728947.461 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-05-08T18:19:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-08T12:49:19Z", "ms": 1683550159130.8005 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-09T16:08:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-09T10:38:49Z", "ms": 1683628728947.461 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-08T21:57:00+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-08T16:27:00Z", "ms": 1683563219799.2217 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-08T21:57:00+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-08T16:27:00Z", "ms": 1683563219799.2217 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-09T23:00:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-09T17:30:25Z", "ms": 1683653425303.3027 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-09T23:00:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-09T17:30:25Z", "ms": 1683653425303.3027 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 18:19 on Mon 8 May to 16:09 on Tue 9 May.", "fact": "2023-05-08T12:49:19Z → 2023-05-09T10:38:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:57 on the 8th and 23:00 on the 9th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 8th and is not on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13061 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 8 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī (Sankatahara Chaturthi) 2023 falls on Monday 8 May. Caturthī runs from 18:19 on Mon 8 May to 16:09 on Tue 9 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-05-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-05-15", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Aparā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-05-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10765, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-05-15T02:46:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-14T21:16:45Z", "ms": 1684099004512.872 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-16T01:03:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-15T19:33:37Z", "ms": 1684179217388.9307 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-05-15T02:46:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-14T21:16:45Z", "ms": 1684099004512.872 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-16T01:03:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-15T19:33:37Z", "ms": 1684179217388.9307 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-15T05:46:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-15T00:16:10Z", "ms": 1684109769929.8174 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-15T05:46:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-15T00:16:10Z", "ms": 1684109769929.8174 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-16T05:45:43+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-16T00:15:43Z", "ms": 1684196142911.3816 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-16T05:45:43+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-16T00:15:43Z", "ms": 1684196142911.3816 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 02:47 on Mon 15 May to 01:04 on Tue 16 May.", "fact": "2023-05-14T21:16:45Z → 2023-05-15T19:33:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:46 on the 15th and 05:46 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 15th and is not on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 10765 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aparā Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 15 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Aparā Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Monday 15 May. Ekādaśī runs from 02:47 on Mon 15 May to 01:04 on Tue 16 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-05-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-05-17", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-05-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7302, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-05-16T23:36:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-16T18:06:46Z", "ms": 1684260405955.6633 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-17T22:29:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-17T16:59:01Z", "ms": 1684342741055.8418 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-05-16T23:36:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-16T18:06:46Z", "ms": 1684260405955.6633 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-17T22:29:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-17T16:59:01Z", "ms": 1684342741055.8418 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-16T19:01:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-16T13:31:04Z", "ms": 1684243863598.1555 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-16T20:26:57+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-16T14:56:57Z", "ms": 1684249017386.6846 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-17T19:01:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-17T13:31:32Z", "ms": 1684330292152.99 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-17T20:27:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-17T14:57:19Z", "ms": 1684335438831.0884 } }, "covered_min": 86, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:37 on Tue 16 May to 22:29 on Wed 17 May.", "fact": "2023-05-16T18:06:46Z → 2023-05-17T16:59:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:01–20:27 on the 16th, 19:02–20:27 on the 17th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 86 minutes on the 16th and 86 of 86 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7302 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 17 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Wednesday 17 May. Trayodaśī runs from 23:37 on Tue 16 May to 22:29 on Wed 17 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-05-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-05-17", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-05-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5411, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-05-17T22:29:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-17T16:59:01Z", "ms": 1684342741055.8418 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-18T21:43:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-18T16:13:28Z", "ms": 1684426407587.4224 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-05-17T22:29:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-17T16:59:01Z", "ms": 1684342741055.8418 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-18T21:43:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-18T16:13:28Z", "ms": 1684426407587.4224 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-17T23:59:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-17T18:29:12Z", "ms": 1684348152195.859 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-18T00:47:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-17T19:17:12Z", "ms": 1684351032195.859 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-05-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-18T23:59:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-18T18:29:15Z", "ms": 1684434554654.7085 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-19T00:47:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-18T19:17:15Z", "ms": 1684437434654.7085 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:29 on Wed 17 May to 21:43 on Thu 18 May.", "fact": "2023-05-17T16:59:01Z → 2023-05-18T16:13:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:59–00:47 on the 17th, 23:59–00:47 on the 18th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5411 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 17 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śivarātri (Masik Shivaratri) 2023 falls on Wednesday 17 May. Caturdaśī runs from 22:29 on Wed 17 May to 21:43 on Thu 18 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-05-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/rambha-tritiya", "festival": "rambha-tritiya", "name": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-05-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33744, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2023-05-21T22:09:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-21T16:39:59Z", "ms": 1684687199401.4358 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-22T23:19:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-22T17:49:35Z", "ms": 1684777775293.78 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-05-21T22:09:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-21T16:39:59Z", "ms": 1684687199401.4358 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-22T23:19:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-22T17:49:35Z", "ms": 1684777775293.78 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-05-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-21T11:59:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-21T06:29:35Z", "ms": 1684650575451.7708 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-21T12:47:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-21T07:17:35Z", "ms": 1684653455451.7708 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-05-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-22T11:59:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-22T06:29:40Z", "ms": 1684736979506.2544 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-22T12:47:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-22T07:17:40Z", "ms": 1684739859506.2544 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 22:10 on Sun 21 May to 23:20 on Mon 22 May.", "fact": "2023-05-21T16:39:59Z → 2023-05-22T17:49:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:00–12:48 on the 21st, 12:00–12:48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 33744 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 22 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rambha-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Rambha trtiya (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Rambhā Tṛtīyā 2023 falls on Monday 22 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 22:10 on Sun 21 May to 23:20 on Mon 22 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/rambha-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-05-23", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-05-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37916, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-05-22T23:19:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-22T17:49:35Z", "ms": 1684777775293.78 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-24T00:58:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-23T19:28:22Z", "ms": 1684870101575.5923 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-05-22T23:19:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-22T17:49:35Z", "ms": 1684777775293.78 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-24T00:58:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-23T19:28:22Z", "ms": 1684870101575.5923 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-05-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-22T11:59:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-22T06:29:40Z", "ms": 1684736979506.2544 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-22T12:47:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-22T07:17:40Z", "ms": 1684739859506.2544 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-23T11:59:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-23T06:29:44Z", "ms": 1684823384072.6985 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-23T12:47:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-23T07:17:44Z", "ms": 1684826264072.6985 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 23:20 on Mon 22 May to 00:58 on Wed 24 May.", "fact": "2023-05-22T17:49:35Z → 2023-05-23T19:28:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:00–12:48 on the 22nd, 12:00–12:48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37916 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 23 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vināyaka Caturthī 2023 falls on Tuesday 23 May. Caturthī runs from 23:20 on Mon 22 May to 00:58 on Wed 24 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-05-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/aranya-gauri-vrata", "festival": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "name": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-05-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23995, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2023-05-25T03:01:20+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-24T21:31:20Z", "ms": 1684963879785.8826 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-26T05:20:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-25T23:50:05Z", "ms": 1685058605458.151 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-05-25T03:01:20+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-24T21:31:20Z", "ms": 1684963879785.8826 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-26T05:20:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-25T23:50:05Z", "ms": 1685058605458.151 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-25T11:59:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-25T06:29:55Z", "ms": 1684996194693.2346 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-25T12:47:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-25T07:17:55Z", "ms": 1684999074693.2346 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-05-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-26T12:00:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-26T06:30:01Z", "ms": 1685082600722.6416 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-26T12:48:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-26T07:18:01Z", "ms": 1685085480722.6416 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 03:01 on Thu 25 May to 05:20 on Fri 26 May.", "fact": "2023-05-24T21:31:20Z → 2023-05-25T23:50:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:00–12:48 on the 25th, 12:00–12:48 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 23995 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 25 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Araṇya Gaurī Vrata 2023 falls on Thursday 25 May. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 03:01 on Thu 25 May to 05:20 on Fri 26 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/aranya-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "festival": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-05-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23995, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2023-05-25T03:01:20+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-24T21:31:20Z", "ms": 1684963879785.8826 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-26T05:20:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-25T23:50:05Z", "ms": 1685058605458.151 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-05-25T03:01:20+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-24T21:31:20Z", "ms": 1684963879785.8826 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-26T05:20:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-25T23:50:05Z", "ms": 1685058605458.151 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-25T11:59:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-25T06:29:55Z", "ms": 1684996194693.2346 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-25T12:47:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-25T07:17:55Z", "ms": 1684999074693.2346 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-05-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-26T12:00:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-26T06:30:01Z", "ms": 1685082600722.6416 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-26T12:48:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-26T07:18:01Z", "ms": 1685085480722.6416 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 03:01 on Thu 25 May to 05:20 on Fri 26 May.", "fact": "2023-05-24T21:31:20Z → 2023-05-25T23:50:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:00–12:48 on the 25th, 12:00–12:48 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 23995 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha), Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 25 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha) 2023 falls on Thursday 25 May. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 03:01 on Thu 25 May to 05:20 on Fri 26 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-05-31", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-05-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26831, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-05-30T13:08:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-30T07:38:35Z", "ms": 1685432315409.7434 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-31T13:46:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-31T08:16:32Z", "ms": 1685520991709.4158 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-05-30T13:08:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-30T07:38:35Z", "ms": 1685432315409.7434 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-31T13:46:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-31T08:16:32Z", "ms": 1685520991709.4158 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-05-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-30T05:41:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-30T00:11:24Z", "ms": 1685405483961.9236 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-30T05:41:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-30T00:11:24Z", "ms": 1685405483961.9236 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-05-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-31T05:41:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-31T00:11:14Z", "ms": 1685491874056.3914 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-31T05:41:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-31T00:11:14Z", "ms": 1685491874056.3914 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:09 on Tue 30 May to 13:47 on Wed 31 May.", "fact": "2023-05-30T07:38:35Z → 2023-05-31T08:16:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:41 on the 30th and 05:41 on the 31st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 30th and is on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26831 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 31 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-05-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Nirjalā Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Wednesday 31 May. Ekādaśī runs from 13:09 on Tue 30 May to 13:47 on Wed 31 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-05-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/shri-rama-dvadashi", "festival": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "name": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-06-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3064, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-05-31T13:46:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-31T08:16:32Z", "ms": 1685520991709.4158 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-01T13:39:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-01T08:09:50Z", "ms": 1685606990445.053 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-05-31T13:46:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-31T08:16:32Z", "ms": 1685520991709.4158 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-01T13:39:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-01T08:09:50Z", "ms": 1685606990445.053 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-05-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-05-31T12:00:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-31T06:30:38Z", "ms": 1685514637547.2783 }, "end": { "local": "2023-05-31T12:48:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-05-31T07:18:38Z", "ms": 1685517517547.2783 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-06-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-01T12:00:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-01T06:30:46Z", "ms": 1685601046155.247 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-01T12:48:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-01T07:18:46Z", "ms": 1685603926155.247 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 13:47 on Wed 31 May to 13:40 on Thu 1 Jun.", "fact": "2023-05-31T08:16:32Z → 2023-06-01T08:09:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:01–12:49 on the 31st, 12:01–12:49 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3064 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 1 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Sri Rama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Campaka dvadasi (Orissa) (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-01", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī 2023 falls on Thursday 1 June. Dvādaśī runs from 13:47 on Wed 31 May to 13:40 on Thu 1 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/shri-rama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-06-01", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-06-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19717, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-06-01T13:39:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-01T08:09:50Z", "ms": 1685606990445.053 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-02T12:48:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-02T07:18:54Z", "ms": 1685690334460.759 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-06-01T13:39:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-01T08:09:50Z", "ms": 1685606990445.053 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-02T12:48:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-02T07:18:54Z", "ms": 1685690334460.759 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-06-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-01T19:08:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-01T13:38:27Z", "ms": 1685626707017.4004 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-01T20:32:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-01T15:02:47Z", "ms": 1685631767104.2292 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-06-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-02T19:08:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-02T13:38:53Z", "ms": 1685713132624.1294 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-02T20:33:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-02T15:03:08Z", "ms": 1685718188431.6545 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:40 on Thu 1 Jun to 12:49 on Fri 2 Jun.", "fact": "2023-06-01T08:09:50Z → 2023-06-02T07:18:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:08–20:33 on the 1st, 19:09–20:33 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 84 of 84 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 84 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19717 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 1 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Thursday 1 June. Trayodaśī runs from 13:40 on Thu 1 Jun to 12:49 on Fri 2 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-06-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vata-savitri-vrata", "festival": "vata-savitri-vrata", "name": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-06-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28310, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2023-06-03T11:17:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-03T05:47:28Z", "ms": 1685771248015.942 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-04T09:11:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-04T03:41:44Z", "ms": 1685850104226.0518 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-06-03T11:17:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-03T05:47:28Z", "ms": 1685771248015.942 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-04T09:11:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-04T03:41:44Z", "ms": 1685850104226.0518 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-06-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-03T19:09:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-03T13:39:18Z", "ms": 1685799557835.8215 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-03T20:33:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-03T15:03:30Z", "ms": 1685804609567.7764 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-06-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-04T19:09:43+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-04T13:39:43Z", "ms": 1685885982630.0615 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-04T20:33:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-04T15:03:50Z", "ms": 1685891030492.6543 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 11:17 on Sat 3 Jun to 09:12 on Sun 4 Jun.", "fact": "2023-06-03T05:47:28Z → 2023-06-04T03:41:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:09–20:33 on the 3rd, 19:10–20:34 on the 4th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 84 of 84 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 84 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 28310 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 3 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vata-savitri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Vata-savitri vrata (Deccan) (pradosavyapini, purvaviddha), Snanayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata (Vat Purnima) 2023 falls on Saturday 3 June. Pūrṇimā runs from 11:17 on Sat 3 Jun to 09:12 on Sun 4 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vata-savitri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-06-06", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-06-06", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 3257, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-06-07T00:50:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-06T19:20:35Z", "ms": 1686079234768.7915 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-07T21:51:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-07T16:21:13Z", "ms": 1686154872842.8157 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-06-07T00:50:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-06T19:20:35Z", "ms": 1686079234768.7915 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-07T21:51:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-07T16:21:13Z", "ms": 1686154872842.8157 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-06T21:50:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-06T16:20:04Z", "ms": 1686068403952.2332 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-06T21:50:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-06T16:20:04Z", "ms": 1686068403952.2332 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-07T22:45:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-07T17:15:30Z", "ms": 1686158129652.2605 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-07T22:45:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-07T17:15:30Z", "ms": 1686158129652.2605 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:51 on Wed 7 Jun to 21:51 on Wed 7 Jun.", "fact": "2023-06-06T19:20:35Z → 2023-06-07T16:21:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:50 on the 6th and 22:45 on the 7th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 6th and is not on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 3257 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 6 June.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-06", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-06", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī (Sankatahara Chaturthi) 2023 falls on Tuesday 6 June. Caturthī runs from 00:51 on Wed 7 Jun to 21:51 on Wed 7 Jun, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-06-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-06-14", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Yoginī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-06-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11279, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-06-13T09:29:26+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-13T03:59:26Z", "ms": 1686628765927.548 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-14T08:48:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-14T03:18:52Z", "ms": 1686712731809.5288 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-06-13T09:29:26+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-13T03:59:26Z", "ms": 1686628765927.548 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-14T08:48:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-14T03:18:52Z", "ms": 1686712731809.5288 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-06-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-13T05:40:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-13T00:10:48Z", "ms": 1686615047686.244 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-13T05:40:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-13T00:10:48Z", "ms": 1686615047686.244 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-06-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-14T05:40:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-14T00:10:53Z", "ms": 1686701453272.4292 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-14T05:40:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-14T00:10:53Z", "ms": 1686701453272.4292 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 09:29 on Tue 13 Jun to 08:49 on Wed 14 Jun.", "fact": "2023-06-13T03:59:26Z → 2023-06-14T03:18:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:41 on the 13th and 05:41 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 13th and is on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11279 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yoginī Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 14 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Yoginī Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Wednesday 14 June. Ekādaśī runs from 09:29 on Tue 13 Jun to 08:49 on Wed 14 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-06-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-06-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-06-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38003, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-06-15T08:32:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-15T03:02:47Z", "ms": 1686798167439.06 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-16T08:40:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-16T03:10:36Z", "ms": 1686885036028.4578 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-06-15T08:32:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-15T03:02:47Z", "ms": 1686798167439.06 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-16T08:40:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-16T03:10:36Z", "ms": 1686885036028.4578 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-06-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-15T19:13:41+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-15T13:43:41Z", "ms": 1686836620868.5378 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-15T20:37:20+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-15T15:07:20Z", "ms": 1686841640415.9849 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-06-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-16T19:13:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-16T13:43:59Z", "ms": 1686923038675.3066 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-16T20:37:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-16T15:07:37Z", "ms": 1686928056991.253 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:33 on Thu 15 Jun to 08:41 on Fri 16 Jun.", "fact": "2023-06-15T03:02:47Z → 2023-06-16T03:10:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:14–20:37 on the 15th, 19:14–20:38 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 84 of 84 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 84 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 38003 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 15 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Thursday 15 June. Trayodaśī runs from 08:33 on Thu 15 Jun to 08:41 on Fri 16 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-06-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-06-16", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-06-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28152, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-06-16T08:40:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-16T03:10:36Z", "ms": 1686885036028.4578 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-17T09:12:02+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-17T03:42:02Z", "ms": 1686973321959.3352 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-06-16T08:40:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-16T03:10:36Z", "ms": 1686885036028.4578 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-17T09:12:02+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-17T03:42:02Z", "ms": 1686973321959.3352 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-06-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-16T00:03:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-15T18:33:24Z", "ms": 1686854004171.4639 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-16T00:51:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-15T19:21:24Z", "ms": 1686856884171.4639 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-06-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-17T00:03:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-16T18:33:37Z", "ms": 1686940417360.105 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-17T00:51:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-16T19:21:37Z", "ms": 1686943297360.105 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 08:41 on Fri 16 Jun to 09:12 on Sat 17 Jun.", "fact": "2023-06-16T03:10:36Z → 2023-06-17T03:42:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:03–00:51 on the 15th, 00:04–00:52 on the 16th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28152 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 16 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śivarātri (Masik Shivaratri) 2023 falls on Friday 16 June. Caturdaśī runs from 08:41 on Fri 16 Jun to 09:12 on Sat 17 Jun and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-06-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/rathayatra", "festival": "rathayatra", "name": "Rathayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-06-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 921, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2023-06-19T11:25:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-19T05:55:58Z", "ms": 1687154158282.7698 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-20T13:07:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-20T07:37:46Z", "ms": 1687246665605.2334 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-06-19T11:25:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-19T05:55:58Z", "ms": 1687154158282.7698 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-20T13:07:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-20T07:37:46Z", "ms": 1687246665605.2334 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-06-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-19T12:04:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-19T06:34:12Z", "ms": 1687156451673.3687 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-19T12:52:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-19T07:22:12Z", "ms": 1687159331673.3687 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-06-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-20T12:04:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-20T06:34:25Z", "ms": 1687242864611.3643 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-20T12:52:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-20T07:22:25Z", "ms": 1687245744611.3643 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 11:26 on Mon 19 Jun to 13:08 on Tue 20 Jun.", "fact": "2023-06-19T05:55:58Z → 2023-06-20T07:37:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:04–12:52 on the 19th, 12:04–12:52 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 921 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rathayātrā, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 20 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rathayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Rathayatra (paraviddha, special when combined with naksatra 'Pusya')" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Puṣya nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-06-20" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Rathayātrā 2023 falls on Tuesday 20 June. Dvitīyā runs from 11:26 on Mon 19 Jun to 13:08 on Tue 20 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/rathayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-06-22", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-06-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8252, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-06-21T15:10:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-21T09:40:10Z", "ms": 1687340409776.9255 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-22T17:28:21+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-22T11:58:21Z", "ms": 1687435100535.2769 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-06-21T15:10:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-21T09:40:10Z", "ms": 1687340409776.9255 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-22T17:28:21+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-22T11:58:21Z", "ms": 1687435100535.2769 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-06-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-21T12:04:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-21T06:34:38Z", "ms": 1687329277539.7808 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-21T12:52:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-21T07:22:38Z", "ms": 1687332157539.7808 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-06-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-22T12:04:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-22T06:34:50Z", "ms": 1687415690431.8599 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-22T12:52:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-22T07:22:50Z", "ms": 1687418570431.8599 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:10 on Wed 21 Jun to 17:28 on Thu 22 Jun.", "fact": "2023-06-21T09:40:10Z → 2023-06-22T11:58:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:05–12:53 on the 21st, 12:05–12:53 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8252 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 22 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vināyaka Caturthī 2023 falls on Thursday 22 June. Caturthī runs from 15:10 on Wed 21 Jun to 17:28 on Thu 22 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-06-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/skanda-panchami", "festival": "skanda-panchami", "name": "Skanda Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-06-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16530, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2023-06-22T17:28:21+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-22T11:58:21Z", "ms": 1687435100535.2769 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-23T19:54:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-23T14:24:27Z", "ms": 1687530266998.1965 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-06-22T17:28:21+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-22T11:58:21Z", "ms": 1687435100535.2769 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-23T19:54:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-23T14:24:27Z", "ms": 1687530266998.1965 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-06-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-22T12:04:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-22T06:34:50Z", "ms": 1687415690431.8599 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-22T12:52:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-22T07:22:50Z", "ms": 1687418570431.8599 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-06-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-23T12:05:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-23T06:35:03Z", "ms": 1687502103261.3394 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-23T12:53:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-23T07:23:03Z", "ms": 1687504983261.3394 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 17:28 on Thu 22 Jun to 19:54 on Fri 23 Jun.", "fact": "2023-06-22T11:58:21Z → 2023-06-23T14:24:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:05–12:53 on the 22nd, 12:05–12:53 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16530 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Pañcamī, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 23 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Skanda pancami (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Skanda Pañcamī 2023 falls on Friday 23 June. Pañcamī runs from 17:28 on Thu 22 Jun to 19:54 on Fri 23 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/skanda-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vivasvat-saptami", "festival": "vivasvat-saptami", "name": "Vivasvat Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-06-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33869, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2023-06-24T22:17:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-24T16:47:45Z", "ms": 1687625265384.5122 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-26T00:25:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-25T18:55:38Z", "ms": 1687719337818.9866 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-06-24T22:17:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-24T16:47:45Z", "ms": 1687625265384.5122 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-26T00:25:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-25T18:55:38Z", "ms": 1687719337818.9866 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-06-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-24T12:05:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-24T06:35:16Z", "ms": 1687588516002.5183 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-24T12:53:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-24T07:23:16Z", "ms": 1687591396002.5183 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-06-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-25T12:05:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-25T06:35:29Z", "ms": 1687674928630.3176 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-25T12:53:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-25T07:23:29Z", "ms": 1687677808630.3176 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 22:18 on Sat 24 Jun to 00:26 on Mon 26 Jun.", "fact": "2023-06-24T16:47:45Z → 2023-06-25T18:55:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:05–12:53 on the 24th, 12:05–12:53 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 48 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 33869 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vivasvat Saptamī, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 25 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vivasvat-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Vivasvat saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vivasvat Saptamī 2023 falls on Sunday 25 June. Saptamī runs from 22:18 on Sat 24 Jun to 00:26 on Mon 26 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vivasvat-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-06-29", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-06-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8693, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-06-29T03:19:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-28T21:49:12Z", "ms": 1687988952270.6199 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-30T02:42:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-29T21:12:46Z", "ms": 1688073165634.54 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-06-29T03:19:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-28T21:49:12Z", "ms": 1687988952270.6199 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-30T02:42:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-29T21:12:46Z", "ms": 1688073165634.54 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-06-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-29T05:44:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-29T00:14:05Z", "ms": 1687997645306.6096 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-29T05:44:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-29T00:14:05Z", "ms": 1687997645306.6096 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-06-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-30T05:44:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-30T00:14:24Z", "ms": 1688084064133.843 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-30T05:44:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-30T00:14:24Z", "ms": 1688084064133.843 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 03:19 on Thu 29 Jun to 02:43 on Fri 30 Jun.", "fact": "2023-06-28T21:49:12Z → 2023-06-29T21:12:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:44 on the 29th and 05:44 on the 30th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 29th and is not on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 8693 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 29 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-06-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Hariśayanī Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Thursday 29 June. Ekādaśī runs from 03:19 on Thu 29 Jun to 02:43 on Fri 30 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-06-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-07-01", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-07-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8851, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-07-01T01:17:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-30T19:47:24Z", "ms": 1688154444224.4756 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-01T23:07:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-01T17:37:56Z", "ms": 1688233075851.2131 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-07-01T01:17:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-30T19:47:24Z", "ms": 1688154444224.4756 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-01T23:07:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-01T17:37:56Z", "ms": 1688233075851.2131 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-06-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-06-30T19:16:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-30T13:46:34Z", "ms": 1688132794355.1848 }, "end": { "local": "2023-06-30T20:40:20+05:30", "utc": "2023-06-30T15:10:20Z", "ms": 1688137819582.9053 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-07-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-01T19:16:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-01T13:46:38Z", "ms": 1688219197859.458 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-01T20:40:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-01T15:10:25Z", "ms": 1688224225287.3801 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 01:17 on Sat 1 Jul to 23:08 on Sat 1 Jul.", "fact": "2023-06-30T19:47:24Z → 2023-07-01T17:37:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:17–20:40 on the 30th, 19:17–20:40 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 84 minutes on the 30th and 84 of 84 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8851 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 1 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Saturday 1 July. Trayodaśī runs from 01:17 on Sat 1 Jul to 23:08 on Sat 1 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-07-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/shiva-shayanotsava", "festival": "shiva-shayanotsava", "name": "Śiva Śayanotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-07-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1116, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2023-07-02T20:21:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-02T14:51:54Z", "ms": 1688309514146.8093 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-03T17:08:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-03T11:38:42Z", "ms": 1688384321751.7625 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-07-02T20:21:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-02T14:51:54Z", "ms": 1688309514146.8093 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-03T17:08:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-03T11:38:42Z", "ms": 1688384321751.7625 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-07-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-02T19:16:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-02T13:46:40Z", "ms": 1688305600259.9146 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-02T20:40:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-02T15:10:30Z", "ms": 1688310630108.8997 } }, "covered_min": 19, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-07-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-03T19:16:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-03T13:46:42Z", "ms": 1688392001547.6577 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-03T20:40:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-03T15:10:34Z", "ms": 1688397034036.6396 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:22 on Sun 2 Jul to 17:09 on Mon 3 Jul.", "fact": "2023-07-02T14:51:54Z → 2023-07-03T11:38:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:17–20:41 on the 2nd, 19:17–20:41 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 19 of 84 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 84 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1116 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śiva Śayanotsava, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 2 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shiva-shayanotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śiva Śayanotsava 2023 falls on Sunday 2 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:22 on Sun 2 Jul to 17:09 on Mon 3 Jul and covers 19 of 84 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/shiva-shayanotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vyasa-puja", "festival": "vyasa-puja", "name": "Vyāsa Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-07-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31262, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2023-07-02T20:21:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-02T14:51:54Z", "ms": 1688309514146.8093 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-03T17:08:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-03T11:38:42Z", "ms": 1688384321751.7625 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-07-02T20:21:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-02T14:51:54Z", "ms": 1688309514146.8093 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-03T17:08:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-03T11:38:42Z", "ms": 1688384321751.7625 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-07-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-02T05:45:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-02T00:15:04Z", "ms": 1688256903568.8748 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-02T08:27:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-02T02:57:23Z", "ms": 1688266642907.0828 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 162, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-07-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-03T05:45:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-03T00:15:24Z", "ms": 1688343324127.3037 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-03T08:27:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-03T02:57:40Z", "ms": 1688353059611.3745 } }, "covered_min": 162, "window_min": 162, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:22 on Sun 2 Jul to 17:09 on Mon 3 Jul.", "fact": "2023-07-02T14:51:54Z → 2023-07-03T11:38:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:45–08:27 on the 2nd, 05:45–08:28 on the 3rd.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 162 minutes on the 2nd and 162 of 162 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31262 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vyāsa Pūjā, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 3 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vyasa-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vyāsa Pūjā 2023 falls on Monday 3 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:22 on Sun 2 Jul to 17:09 on Mon 3 Jul and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vyasa-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/guru-purnima", "festival": "guru-purnima", "name": "Guru Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-07-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15219, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2023-07-02T20:21:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-02T14:51:54Z", "ms": 1688309514146.8093 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-03T17:08:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-03T11:38:42Z", "ms": 1688384321751.7625 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-07-02T20:21:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-02T14:51:54Z", "ms": 1688309514146.8093 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-03T17:08:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-03T11:38:42Z", "ms": 1688384321751.7625 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-07-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-02T12:06:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-02T06:36:52Z", "ms": 1688279811914.3945 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-02T12:54:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-02T07:24:52Z", "ms": 1688282691914.3945 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-07-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-03T12:07:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-03T06:37:03Z", "ms": 1688366222837.4807 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-03T12:55:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-03T07:25:03Z", "ms": 1688369102837.4807 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:22 on Sun 2 Jul to 17:09 on Mon 3 Jul.", "fact": "2023-07-02T14:51:54Z → 2023-07-03T11:38:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:07–12:55 on the 2nd, 12:07–12:55 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15219 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Guru Pūrṇimā, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 3 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "guru-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Guru Pūrṇimā 2023 falls on Monday 3 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:22 on Sun 2 Jul to 17:09 on Mon 3 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/guru-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/kokila-vrata", "festival": "kokila-vrata", "name": "Kokilā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-07-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2056, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2023-07-02T20:21:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-02T14:51:54Z", "ms": 1688309514146.8093 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-03T17:08:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-03T11:38:42Z", "ms": 1688384321751.7625 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-07-02T20:21:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-02T14:51:54Z", "ms": 1688309514146.8093 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-03T17:08:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-03T11:38:42Z", "ms": 1688384321751.7625 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-07-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-02T16:34:21+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-02T11:04:21Z", "ms": 1688295860921.7065 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-02T19:16:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-02T13:46:40Z", "ms": 1688305600259.9146 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 162, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-07-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-03T16:34:26+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-03T11:04:26Z", "ms": 1688382266063.587 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-03T19:16:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-03T13:46:42Z", "ms": 1688392001547.6577 } }, "covered_min": 34, "window_min": 162, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:22 on Sun 2 Jul to 17:09 on Mon 3 Jul.", "fact": "2023-07-02T14:51:54Z → 2023-07-03T11:38:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:34–19:17 on the 2nd, 16:34–19:17 on the 3rd.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 162 minutes on the 2nd and 34 of 162 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2056 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kokilā Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 3 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kokila-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kokilā Vrata 2023 falls on Monday 3 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:22 on Sun 2 Jul to 17:09 on Mon 3 Jul and covers 34 of 162 minutes of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/kokila-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-07-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24894, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2023-07-04T13:38:41+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-04T08:08:41Z", "ms": 1688458120909.2532 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-05T10:02:33+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-05T04:32:33Z", "ms": 1688531553176.8218 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-07-04T13:38:41+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-04T08:08:41Z", "ms": 1688458120909.2532 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-05T10:02:33+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-05T04:32:33Z", "ms": 1688531553176.8218 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-07-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-04T20:33:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-04T15:03:35Z", "ms": 1688483015343.8044 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-04T20:33:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-04T15:03:35Z", "ms": 1688483015343.8044 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-07-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-05T21:26:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-05T15:56:23Z", "ms": 1688572582500.7454 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-05T21:26:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-05T15:56:23Z", "ms": 1688572582500.7454 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 13:39 on Tue 4 Jul to 10:03 on Wed 5 Jul.", "fact": "2023-07-04T08:08:41Z → 2023-07-05T04:32:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:34 on the 4th and 21:26 on the 5th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 4th and is not on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24894 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha), Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 4 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunya sayana vrata (candrodaya vyapini; purvahna vyapini and purvaviddha in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row reads pūrvāhṇa and pūrvaviddha; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha) 2023 falls on Tuesday 4 July. Dvitīyā runs from 13:39 on Tue 4 Jul to 10:03 on Wed 5 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-07-06", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-07-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18054, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-07-06T06:30:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-06T01:00:46Z", "ms": 1688605245992.934 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-07T03:13:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-06T21:43:03Z", "ms": 1688679782603.8303 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-07-06T06:30:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-06T01:00:46Z", "ms": 1688605245992.934 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-07T03:13:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-06T21:43:03Z", "ms": 1688679782603.8303 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-07-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-05T21:26:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-05T15:56:23Z", "ms": 1688572582500.7454 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-05T21:26:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-05T15:56:23Z", "ms": 1688572582500.7454 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-07-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-06T22:12:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-06T16:42:09Z", "ms": 1688661728804.0464 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-06T22:12:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-06T16:42:09Z", "ms": 1688661728804.0464 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:31 on Thu 6 Jul to 03:13 on Fri 7 Jul.", "fact": "2023-07-06T01:00:46Z → 2023-07-06T21:43:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:26 on the 5th and 22:12 on the 6th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 5th and is on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18054 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 6 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī (Sankatahara Chaturthi) 2023 falls on Thursday 6 July. Caturthī runs from 06:31 on Thu 6 Jul to 03:13 on Fri 7 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-07-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-07-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-07-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 41054, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-07-12T18:00:02+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-12T12:30:02Z", "ms": 1689165002464.0195 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-13T18:25:26+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-13T12:55:26Z", "ms": 1689252925891.1191 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-07-12T18:00:02+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-12T12:30:02Z", "ms": 1689165002464.0195 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-13T18:25:26+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-13T12:55:26Z", "ms": 1689252925891.1191 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-07-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-13T05:49:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-13T00:19:15Z", "ms": 1689207555004.6038 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-13T05:49:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-13T00:19:15Z", "ms": 1689207555004.6038 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-14T05:49:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-14T00:19:40Z", "ms": 1689293980066.7502 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-14T05:49:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-14T00:19:40Z", "ms": 1689293980066.7502 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:00 on Wed 12 Jul to 18:25 on Thu 13 Jul.", "fact": "2023-07-12T12:30:02Z → 2023-07-13T12:55:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:49 on the 13th and 05:50 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 13th and is not on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 41054 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 13 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kāmikā Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Thursday 13 July. Ekādaśī runs from 18:00 on Wed 12 Jul to 18:25 on Thu 13 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-07-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-07-14", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-07-14", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin", "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 118, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-07-14T19:17:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-14T13:47:38Z", "ms": 1689342457962.91 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-15T20:33:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-15T15:03:01Z", "ms": 1689433380900.472 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-07-14T19:17:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-14T13:47:38Z", "ms": 1689342457962.91 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-15T20:33:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-15T15:03:01Z", "ms": 1689433380900.472 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-14T19:15:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-14T13:45:40Z", "ms": 1689342340240.072 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-14T20:40:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-14T15:10:16Z", "ms": 1689347415591.4016 } }, "covered_min": 83, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-15T19:15:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-15T13:45:28Z", "ms": 1689428727634.5813 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-15T20:40:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-15T15:10:08Z", "ms": 1689433808069.9604 } }, "covered_min": 78, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 19:18 on Fri 14 Jul to 20:33 on Sat 15 Jul.", "fact": "2023-07-14T13:47:38Z → 2023-07-15T15:03:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:16–20:40 on the 14th, 19:15–20:40 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 83 of 85 minutes on the 14th and 78 of 85 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 118 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 14 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin, tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-15", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-14", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Friday 14 July. Trayodaśī runs from 19:18 on Fri 14 Jul to 20:33 on Sat 15 Jul and covers 83 of 85 minutes of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 78 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested. It is 1 min 58 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-07-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-07-15", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-07-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7231, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-07-15T20:33:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-15T15:03:01Z", "ms": 1689433380900.472 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-16T22:08:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-16T16:38:34Z", "ms": 1689525514210.6653 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-07-15T20:33:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-15T15:03:01Z", "ms": 1689433380900.472 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-16T22:08:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-16T16:38:34Z", "ms": 1689525514210.6653 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-16T00:08:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-15T18:38:59Z", "ms": 1689446339267.2534 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-16T00:56:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-15T19:26:59Z", "ms": 1689449219267.2534 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-07-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-17T00:09:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-16T18:39:05Z", "ms": 1689532745222.454 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-17T00:57:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-16T19:27:05Z", "ms": 1689535625222.454 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 20:33 on Sat 15 Jul to 22:09 on Sun 16 Jul.", "fact": "2023-07-15T15:03:01Z → 2023-07-16T16:38:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:09–00:57 on the 15th, 00:09–00:57 on the 16th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7231 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 15 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śivarātri (Masik Shivaratri) 2023 falls on Saturday 15 July. Caturdaśī runs from 20:33 on Sat 15 Jul to 22:09 on Sun 16 Jul and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-07-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-07-21", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-07-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9747, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-07-21T06:58:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-21T01:28:53Z", "ms": 1689902932690.07 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-22T09:26:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-22T03:56:49Z", "ms": 1689998209419.144 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-07-21T06:58:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-21T01:28:53Z", "ms": 1689902932690.07 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-22T09:26:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-22T03:56:49Z", "ms": 1689998209419.144 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-21T12:09:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-21T06:39:14Z", "ms": 1689921553783.792 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-21T12:57:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-21T07:27:14Z", "ms": 1689924433783.792 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-07-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-22T12:09:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-22T06:39:16Z", "ms": 1690007956394.1216 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-22T12:57:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-22T07:27:16Z", "ms": 1690010836394.1216 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:59 on Fri 21 Jul to 09:27 on Sat 22 Jul.", "fact": "2023-07-21T01:28:53Z → 2023-07-22T03:56:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 21st, 12:09–12:57 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9747 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 21 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vināyaka Caturthī 2023 falls on Friday 21 July. Caturthī runs from 06:59 on Fri 21 Jul to 09:27 on Sat 22 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-07-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-07-29", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Śukla Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-07-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25777, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-07-28T14:51:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-28T09:21:56Z", "ms": 1690536116234.1714 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-29T13:05:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-29T07:35:47Z", "ms": 1690616147297.0725 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-07-28T14:51:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-28T09:21:56Z", "ms": 1690536116234.1714 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-29T13:05:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-29T07:35:47Z", "ms": 1690616147297.0725 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-07-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-28T05:55:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-28T00:25:44Z", "ms": 1690503944203.9573 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-28T05:55:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-28T00:25:44Z", "ms": 1690503944203.9573 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-07-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-29T05:56:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-29T00:26:10Z", "ms": 1690590370185.0073 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-29T05:56:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-29T00:26:10Z", "ms": 1690590370185.0073 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:52 on Fri 28 Jul to 13:06 on Sat 29 Jul.", "fact": "2023-07-28T09:21:56Z → 2023-07-29T07:35:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:56 on the 28th and 05:56 on the 29th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 28th and is on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25777 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 29 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śukla Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Saturday 29 July. Ekādaśī runs from 14:52 on Fri 28 Jul to 13:06 on Sat 29 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-07-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-07-30", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-07-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30903, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-07-30T10:34:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-30T05:04:53Z", "ms": 1690693492584.6584 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-31T07:27:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-31T01:57:09Z", "ms": 1690768629042.9607 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-07-30T10:34:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-30T05:04:53Z", "ms": 1690693492584.6584 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-31T07:27:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-31T01:57:09Z", "ms": 1690768629042.9607 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-07-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-30T19:09:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-30T13:39:55Z", "ms": 1690724395271.4292 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-30T20:36:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-30T15:06:12Z", "ms": 1690729572143.8774 } }, "covered_min": 86, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-07-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-07-31T19:09:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-31T13:39:24Z", "ms": 1690810763814.4824 }, "end": { "local": "2023-07-31T20:35:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-07-31T15:05:48Z", "ms": 1690815948298.0132 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 10:35 on Sun 30 Jul to 07:27 on Mon 31 Jul.", "fact": "2023-07-30T05:04:53Z → 2023-07-31T01:57:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:10–20:36 on the 30th, 19:09–20:36 on the 31st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 86 of 86 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 86 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30903 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 30 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-07-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Sunday 30 July. Trayodaśī runs from 10:35 on Sun 30 Jul to 07:27 on Mon 31 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-07-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-08-04", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-08-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31203, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-08-04T12:45:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-04T07:15:29Z", "ms": 1691133329281.4087 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-05T09:40:33+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-05T04:10:33Z", "ms": 1691208632965.0803 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-08-04T12:45:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-04T07:15:29Z", "ms": 1691133329281.4087 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-05T09:40:33+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-05T04:10:33Z", "ms": 1691208632965.0803 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-04T21:25:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-04T15:55:32Z", "ms": 1691164532224.2898 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-04T21:25:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-04T15:55:32Z", "ms": 1691164532224.2898 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-05T22:02:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-05T16:32:22Z", "ms": 1691253142037.5332 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-05T22:02:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-05T16:32:22Z", "ms": 1691253142037.5332 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:45 on Fri 4 Aug to 09:41 on Sat 5 Aug.", "fact": "2023-08-04T07:15:29Z → 2023-08-05T04:10:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:26 on the 4th and 22:02 on the 5th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 4th and is not on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31203 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 4 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī (Sankatahara Chaturthi) 2023 falls on Friday 4 August. Caturthī runs from 12:45 on Fri 4 Aug to 09:41 on Sat 5 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-08-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-08-12", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-08-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1802, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-08-11T05:06:57+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-10T23:36:57Z", "ms": 1691710616903.025 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-12T06:32:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-12T01:02:01Z", "ms": 1691802120997.5266 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-08-11T05:06:57+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-10T23:36:57Z", "ms": 1691710616903.025 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-12T06:32:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-12T01:02:01Z", "ms": 1691802120997.5266 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-11T06:01:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-11T00:31:35Z", "ms": 1691713895215.7878 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-11T06:01:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-11T00:31:35Z", "ms": 1691713895215.7878 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-12T06:01:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-12T00:31:59Z", "ms": 1691800319005.7605 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-12T06:01:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-12T00:31:59Z", "ms": 1691800319005.7605 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:07 on Fri 11 Aug to 06:32 on Sat 12 Aug.", "fact": "2023-08-10T23:36:57Z → 2023-08-12T01:02:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:02 on the 11th and 06:02 on the 12th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 11th and is on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both sunrises qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 1802 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 12 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Saturday 12 August. Ekādaśī runs from 05:07 on Fri 11 Aug to 06:32 on Sat 12 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-08-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-08-13", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-08-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30864, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-08-13T08:20:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-13T02:50:22Z", "ms": 1691895021826.6956 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-14T10:25:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-14T04:55:53Z", "ms": 1691988953113.4136 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-08-13T08:20:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-13T02:50:22Z", "ms": 1691895021826.6956 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-14T10:25:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-14T04:55:53Z", "ms": 1691988953113.4136 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-13T19:01:02+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-13T13:31:02Z", "ms": 1691933461974.415 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-13T20:29:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-13T14:59:16Z", "ms": 1691938755838.3445 } }, "covered_min": 88, "window_min": 88, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-14T19:00:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-14T13:30:17Z", "ms": 1692019816840.1428 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-14T20:28:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-14T14:58:40Z", "ms": 1692025119808.0298 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 88, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:20 on Sun 13 Aug to 10:26 on Mon 14 Aug.", "fact": "2023-08-13T02:50:22Z → 2023-08-14T04:55:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:01–20:29 on the 13th, 19:00–20:29 on the 14th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 88 of 88 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 88 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30864 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 13 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Sunday 13 August. Trayodaśī runs from 08:20 on Sun 13 Aug to 10:26 on Mon 14 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-08-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-08-14", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-08-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34199, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-08-14T10:25:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-14T04:55:53Z", "ms": 1691988953113.4136 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-15T12:43:20+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-15T07:13:20Z", "ms": 1692083600210.043 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-08-14T10:25:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-14T04:55:53Z", "ms": 1691988953113.4136 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-15T12:43:20+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-15T07:13:20Z", "ms": 1692083600210.043 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-14T00:07:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-13T18:37:54Z", "ms": 1691951873964.1504 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-14T00:55:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-13T19:25:54Z", "ms": 1691954753964.1504 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-15T00:07:43+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-14T18:37:43Z", "ms": 1692038262969.7188 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-15T00:55:43+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-14T19:25:43Z", "ms": 1692041142969.7188 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 10:26 on Mon 14 Aug to 12:43 on Tue 15 Aug.", "fact": "2023-08-14T04:55:53Z → 2023-08-15T07:13:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:08–00:56 on the 13th, 00:08–00:56 on the 14th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34199 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 14 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śivarātri (Masik Shivaratri) 2023 falls on Monday 14 August. Caturdaśī runs from 10:26 on Mon 14 Aug to 12:43 on Tue 15 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-08-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/madhusrava-tritiya", "festival": "madhusrava-tritiya", "name": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-08-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25641, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2023-08-18T20:02:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-18T14:32:04Z", "ms": 1692369123608.9185 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-19T22:20:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-19T16:50:03Z", "ms": 1692463803277.1096 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-08-18T20:02:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-18T14:32:04Z", "ms": 1692369123608.9185 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-19T22:20:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-19T16:50:03Z", "ms": 1692463803277.1096 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-18T12:06:43+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-18T06:36:43Z", "ms": 1692340602584.9219 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-18T12:54:43+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-18T07:24:43Z", "ms": 1692343482584.9219 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-19T12:06:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-19T06:36:29Z", "ms": 1692426989098.0962 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-19T12:54:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-19T07:24:29Z", "ms": 1692429869098.0962 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 20:02 on Fri 18 Aug to 22:20 on Sat 19 Aug.", "fact": "2023-08-18T14:32:04Z → 2023-08-19T16:50:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:07–12:55 on the 18th, 12:06–12:54 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 48 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25641 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 19 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "madhusrava-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Madhusrava (Gujerat) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-08-19" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Madhusravā Tṛtīyā (Teej) 2023 falls on Saturday 19 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 20:02 on Fri 18 Aug to 22:20 on Sat 19 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/madhusrava-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-08-20", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-08-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33934, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-08-19T22:20:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-19T16:50:03Z", "ms": 1692463803277.1096 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-21T00:22:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-20T18:52:32Z", "ms": 1692557552398.9133 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-08-19T22:20:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-19T16:50:03Z", "ms": 1692463803277.1096 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-21T00:22:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-20T18:52:32Z", "ms": 1692557552398.9133 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-19T12:06:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-19T06:36:29Z", "ms": 1692426989098.0962 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-19T12:54:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-19T07:24:29Z", "ms": 1692429869098.0962 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-20T12:06:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-20T06:36:15Z", "ms": 1692513375114.212 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-20T12:54:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-20T07:24:15Z", "ms": 1692516255114.212 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:20 on Sat 19 Aug to 00:23 on Mon 21 Aug.", "fact": "2023-08-19T16:50:03Z → 2023-08-20T18:52:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:06–12:54 on the 19th, 12:06–12:54 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33934 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 20 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vināyaka Caturthī 2023 falls on Sunday 20 August. Caturthī runs from 22:20 on Sat 19 Aug to 00:23 on Mon 21 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-08-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/naga-panchami", "festival": "naga-panchami", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-08-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36290, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2023-08-21T00:22:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-20T18:52:32Z", "ms": 1692557552398.9133 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-22T02:00:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-21T20:30:56Z", "ms": 1692649855765.3315 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-08-21T00:22:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-20T18:52:32Z", "ms": 1692557552398.9133 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-22T02:00:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-21T20:30:56Z", "ms": 1692649855765.3315 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-21T12:06:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-21T06:36:01Z", "ms": 1692599760642.7998 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-21T12:54:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-21T07:24:01Z", "ms": 1692602640642.7998 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-22T12:05:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-22T06:35:46Z", "ms": 1692686145694.2048 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-22T12:53:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-22T07:23:46Z", "ms": 1692689025694.2048 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 00:23 on Mon 21 Aug to 02:01 on Tue 22 Aug.", "fact": "2023-08-20T18:52:32Z → 2023-08-21T20:30:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:06–12:54 on the 21st, 12:06–12:54 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36290 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 21 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-08-21" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Nāga Pañcamī 2023 falls on Monday 21 August. Pañcamī runs from 00:23 on Mon 21 Aug to 02:01 on Tue 22 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/naga-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-08-27", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-08-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21528, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-08-27T00:08:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-26T18:38:40Z", "ms": 1693075120493.5076 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-27T21:33:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-27T16:03:01Z", "ms": 1693152180841.8958 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-08-27T00:08:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-26T18:38:40Z", "ms": 1693075120493.5076 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-27T21:33:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-27T16:03:01Z", "ms": 1693152180841.8958 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-27T06:07:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-27T00:37:29Z", "ms": 1693096648507.117 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-27T06:07:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-27T00:37:29Z", "ms": 1693096648507.117 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-28T06:07:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-28T00:37:49Z", "ms": 1693183068619.0432 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-28T06:07:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-28T00:37:49Z", "ms": 1693183068619.0432 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:09 on Sun 27 Aug to 21:33 on Sun 27 Aug.", "fact": "2023-08-26T18:38:40Z → 2023-08-27T16:03:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:07 on the 27th and 06:08 on the 28th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 27th and is not on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21528 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 27 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Putradā Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Sunday 27 August. Ekādaśī runs from 00:09 on Sun 27 Aug to 21:33 on Sun 27 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-08-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/damodara-dvadashi", "festival": "damodara-dvadashi", "name": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-08-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19867, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-08-27T21:33:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-27T16:03:01Z", "ms": 1693152180841.8958 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-28T18:23:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-28T12:53:14Z", "ms": 1693227194092.6775 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-08-27T21:33:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-27T16:03:01Z", "ms": 1693152180841.8958 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-28T18:23:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-28T12:53:14Z", "ms": 1693227194092.6775 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-27T12:04:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-27T06:34:24Z", "ms": 1693118064219.753 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-27T12:52:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-27T07:22:24Z", "ms": 1693120944219.753 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-28T12:04:07+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-28T06:34:07Z", "ms": 1693204446678.9888 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-28T12:52:07+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-28T07:22:07Z", "ms": 1693207326678.9888 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 21:33 on Sun 27 Aug to 18:23 on Mon 28 Aug.", "fact": "2023-08-27T16:03:01Z → 2023-08-28T12:53:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:04–12:52 on the 27th, 12:04–12:52 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 19867 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 28 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "damodara-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Buddha dvadasi, Damodara dvadasi (purvaviddha), Visnu-pavitraropana." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Dāmodara Dvādaśī 2023 falls on Monday 28 August. Dvādaśī runs from 21:33 on Sun 27 Aug to 18:23 on Mon 28 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/damodara-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-08-28", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-08-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1511, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-08-28T18:23:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-28T12:53:14Z", "ms": 1693227194092.6775 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-29T14:48:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-29T09:18:28Z", "ms": 1693300707701.2363 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-08-28T18:23:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-28T12:53:14Z", "ms": 1693227194092.6775 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-29T14:48:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-29T09:18:28Z", "ms": 1693300707701.2363 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-28T18:48:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-28T13:18:25Z", "ms": 1693228704738.9343 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-28T20:19:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-28T14:49:03Z", "ms": 1693234142577.0605 } }, "covered_min": 91, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-29T18:47:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-29T13:17:29Z", "ms": 1693315048999.7168 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-29T20:18:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-29T14:48:17Z", "ms": 1693320496897.9456 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 18:23 on Mon 28 Aug to 14:48 on Tue 29 Aug.", "fact": "2023-08-28T12:53:14Z → 2023-08-29T09:18:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:48–20:19 on the 28th, 18:47–20:18 on the 29th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 91 of 91 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 91 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1511 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 28 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Monday 28 August. Trayodaśī runs from 18:23 on Mon 28 Aug to 14:48 on Tue 29 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-08-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/raksha-bandhana", "festival": "raksha-bandhana", "name": "Rakṣā Bandhana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-08-30", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 3410, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2023-08-30T10:58:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-30T05:28:58Z", "ms": 1693373338473.1943 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-31T07:05:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-31T01:35:38Z", "ms": 1693445737907.0256 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "second-half", "start": { "local": "2023-08-30T21:02:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-30T15:32:06Z", "ms": 1693409525851.3481 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-31T07:05:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-31T01:35:38Z", "ms": 1693445737907.0256 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-30T06:08:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-30T00:38:28Z", "ms": 1693355908236.4326 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-31T06:08:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-31T00:38:48Z", "ms": 1693442327767.3867 } }, "covered_min": 547, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-31T06:08:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-31T00:38:48Z", "ms": 1693442327767.3867 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-01T06:09:07+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-01T00:39:07Z", "ms": 1693528747132.8247 } }, "covered_min": 57, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 10:59 on Wed 30 Aug to 07:06 on Thu 31 Aug. Its second half begins at 21:02 on Wed 30 Aug.", "fact": "2023-08-30T05:28:58Z → 2023-08-31T01:35:38Z · second half from 2023-08-30T15:32:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:08 on the 30th, and from 06:09 on the 31st.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The second half of Pūrṇimā must be present during the day. It covers 547 of 1440 minutes on the 30th and 57 of 1440 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both days qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 3410 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rakṣā Bandhana, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 30 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "raksha-bandhana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "day", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated", "half": "second" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-30", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-30", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-08-30" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Rakṣā Bandhana (Rakhi) 2023 falls on Wednesday 30 August. The second half of Pūrṇimā runs from 21:02 on Wed 30 Aug to 07:06 on Thu 31 Aug and falls on two days: 547 minutes of it on the 30th, 57 on the 31st; the rule does not say which to take, and the day that holds more of it is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/raksha-bandhana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/rishi-tarpana", "festival": "rishi-tarpana", "name": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-08-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3872, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2023-08-30T10:58:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-30T05:28:58Z", "ms": 1693373338473.1943 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-31T07:05:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-31T01:35:38Z", "ms": 1693445737907.0256 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-08-30T10:58:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-30T05:28:58Z", "ms": 1693373338473.1943 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-31T07:05:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-31T01:35:38Z", "ms": 1693445737907.0256 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-30T12:03:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-30T06:33:30Z", "ms": 1693377210489.2273 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-30T12:51:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-30T07:21:30Z", "ms": 1693380090489.2273 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-31T12:03:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-31T06:33:12Z", "ms": 1693463591880.4365 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-31T12:51:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-31T07:21:12Z", "ms": 1693466471880.4365 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 10:59 on Wed 30 Aug to 07:06 on Thu 31 Aug.", "fact": "2023-08-30T05:28:58Z → 2023-08-31T01:35:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:04–12:52 on the 30th, 12:03–12:51 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3872 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 30 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa 2023 falls on Wednesday 30 August. Pūrṇimā runs from 10:59 on Wed 30 Aug to 07:06 on Thu 31 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/rishi-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14098, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2023-09-01T03:19:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-31T21:49:23Z", "ms": 1693518563281.6306 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-01T23:50:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-01T18:20:51Z", "ms": 1693592451358.462 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-01T03:19:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-31T21:49:23Z", "ms": 1693518563281.6306 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-01T23:50:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-01T18:20:51Z", "ms": 1693592451358.462 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-08-31T19:17:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-31T13:47:12Z", "ms": 1693489632417.0593 }, "end": { "local": "2023-08-31T19:17:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-08-31T13:47:12Z", "ms": 1693489632417.0593 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-01T19:55:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-01T14:25:53Z", "ms": 1693578352934.5679 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-01T19:55:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-01T14:25:53Z", "ms": 1693578352934.5679 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 03:19 on Fri 1 Sep to 23:51 on Fri 1 Sep.", "fact": "2023-08-31T21:49:23Z → 2023-09-01T18:20:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:17 on the 31st and 19:56 on the 1st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 31st and is on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14098 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 1 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunyasayana vrata (Dvitiya current at moonrise; if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata 2023 falls on Friday 1 September. Dvitīyā runs from 03:19 on Fri 1 Sep to 23:51 on Fri 1 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/kajjali-tritiya", "festival": "kajjali-tritiya", "name": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28757, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 17, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2023-09-01T23:50:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-01T18:20:51Z", "ms": 1693592451358.462 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-02T20:49:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-02T15:19:51Z", "ms": 1693667990914.4973 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-01T23:50:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-01T18:20:51Z", "ms": 1693592451358.462 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-02T20:49:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-02T15:19:51Z", "ms": 1693667990914.4973 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-01T12:02:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-01T06:32:53Z", "ms": 1693549972957.3875 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-01T12:50:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-01T07:20:53Z", "ms": 1693552852957.3875 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-02T12:02:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-02T06:32:34Z", "ms": 1693636353741.7878 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-02T12:50:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-02T07:20:34Z", "ms": 1693639233741.7878 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 23:51 on Fri 1 Sep to 20:50 on Sat 2 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-01T18:20:51Z → 2023-09-02T15:19:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:03–12:51 on the 1st, 12:03–12:51 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28757 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 2 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kajjali-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 3 Kajjali trtiya, (paraviddha), Angaveta trtiya (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kajjalī Tṛtīyā (Kajari Teej) 2023 falls on Saturday 2 September. Tṛtīyā runs from 23:51 on Fri 1 Sep to 20:50 on Sat 2 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/kajjali-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-09-02", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-02", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1003, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-02T20:49:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-02T15:19:51Z", "ms": 1693667990914.4973 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-03T18:24:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-03T12:54:51Z", "ms": 1693745691158.1177 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-02T20:49:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-02T15:19:51Z", "ms": 1693667990914.4973 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-03T18:24:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-03T12:54:51Z", "ms": 1693745691158.1177 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-02T20:33:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-02T15:03:08Z", "ms": 1693666988255.532 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-02T20:33:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-02T15:03:08Z", "ms": 1693666988255.532 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-03T21:10:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-03T15:40:35Z", "ms": 1693755634726.7275 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-03T21:10:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-03T15:40:35Z", "ms": 1693755634726.7275 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:50 on Sat 2 Sep to 18:25 on Sun 3 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-02T15:19:51Z → 2023-09-03T12:54:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:33 on the 2nd and 21:11 on the 3rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 2nd and is not on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 1003 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 2 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-02", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-02", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī (Sankatahara Chaturthi) 2023 falls on Saturday 2 September. Caturthī runs from 20:50 on Sat 2 Sep to 18:25 on Sun 3 Sep, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-09-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/bahula-chaturthi", "festival": "bahula-chaturthi", "name": "Bahulā Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1072, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-02T20:49:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-02T15:19:51Z", "ms": 1693667990914.4973 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-03T18:24:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-03T12:54:51Z", "ms": 1693745691158.1177 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-02T20:49:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-02T15:19:51Z", "ms": 1693667990914.4973 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-03T18:24:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-03T12:54:51Z", "ms": 1693745691158.1177 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-02T16:12:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-02T10:42:50Z", "ms": 1693651370177.6475 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-02T18:43:41+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-02T13:13:41Z", "ms": 1693660421134.8872 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 151, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-03T16:12:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-03T10:42:08Z", "ms": 1693737727549.4316 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-03T18:42:43+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-03T13:12:43Z", "ms": 1693746763079.2344 } }, "covered_min": 133, "window_min": 151, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:50 on Sat 2 Sep to 18:25 on Sun 3 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-02T15:19:51Z → 2023-09-03T12:54:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:13–18:44 on the 2nd, 16:12–18:43 on the 3rd.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 151 minutes on the 2nd and 133 of 151 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1072 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bahulā Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 3 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bahula-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Bahula caturthi (Madhyadesa) (Sayahnavyapini: if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the 1st day)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Bahulā Caturthī 2023 falls on Sunday 3 September. Caturthī runs from 20:50 on Sat 2 Sep to 18:25 on Sun 3 Sep and covers 133 of 151 minutes of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/bahula-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/hala-shashthi", "festival": "hala-shashthi", "name": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10619, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-04T16:42:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-04T11:12:25Z", "ms": 1693825945392.08 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-05T15:46:33+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-05T10:16:33Z", "ms": 1693908993089.9404 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-04T16:42:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-04T11:12:25Z", "ms": 1693825945392.08 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-05T15:46:33+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-05T10:16:33Z", "ms": 1693908993089.9404 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-04T12:01:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-04T06:31:55Z", "ms": 1693809114516.8438 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-04T12:49:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-04T07:19:55Z", "ms": 1693811994516.8438 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-05T12:01:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-05T06:31:35Z", "ms": 1693895494547.8733 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-05T12:49:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-05T07:19:35Z", "ms": 1693898374547.8733 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 16:42 on Mon 4 Sep to 15:47 on Tue 5 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-04T11:12:25Z → 2023-09-05T10:16:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:02–12:50 on the 4th, 12:02–12:50 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 10619 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 5 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "hala-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Hala sasthi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Hala Ṣaṣṭhī 2023 falls on Tuesday 5 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 16:42 on Mon 4 Sep to 15:47 on Tue 5 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/hala-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/janmashtami", "festival": "janmashtami", "name": "Janmāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27978, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-06T15:38:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-06T10:08:08Z", "ms": 1693994888209.5447 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-07T16:14:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-07T10:44:45Z", "ms": 1694083485079.9834 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-06T15:38:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-06T10:08:08Z", "ms": 1693994888209.5447 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-07T16:14:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-07T10:44:45Z", "ms": 1694083485079.9834 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-07T00:01:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-06T18:31:24Z", "ms": 1694025083706.7063 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-07T00:49:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-06T19:19:24Z", "ms": 1694027963706.7063 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-08T00:01:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-07T18:31:03Z", "ms": 1694111463295.9678 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-08T00:49:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-07T19:19:03Z", "ms": 1694114343295.9678 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 15:38 on Wed 6 Sep to 16:15 on Thu 7 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-06T10:08:08Z → 2023-09-07T10:44:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:01–00:49 on the 6th, 00:01–00:49 on the 7th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27978 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Janmāṣṭamī, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 6 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "janmashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Janmastami (madhyaratra-vyapini), if midnight is covered on two days, or not on any day, it is to be observed on the 2nd day; special when combined with naksatra 'Rohini' at midnight, more so when on Monday or Wednesday. If the combination occurs before midnight and 'Rohini' extends up to midnight, it is to be observed on that day. Gokulastami." } ], "not_evaluated": "The clauses on Rohiṇī nakṣatra, the Vaiṣṇava observance on the day after saptamī, and the Assam and South India reckoning in the solar month belong to other readings and are not applied.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-09-06" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Janmāṣṭamī (Krishna Janmashtami) 2023 falls on Wednesday 6 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 15:38 on Wed 6 Sep to 16:15 on Thu 7 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/janmashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/shitala-saptami", "festival": "shitala-saptami", "name": "Śītalā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10134, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 21, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-05T15:46:33+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-05T10:16:33Z", "ms": 1693908993089.9404 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-06T15:38:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-06T10:08:08Z", "ms": 1693994888209.5447 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-05T15:46:33+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-05T10:16:33Z", "ms": 1693908993089.9404 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-06T15:38:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-06T10:08:08Z", "ms": 1693994888209.5447 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-05T12:01:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-05T06:31:35Z", "ms": 1693895494547.8733 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-05T12:49:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-05T07:19:35Z", "ms": 1693898374547.8733 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-06T12:01:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-06T06:31:14Z", "ms": 1693981874366.6953 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-06T12:49:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-06T07:19:14Z", "ms": 1693984754366.6953 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 15:47 on Tue 5 Sep to 15:38 on Wed 6 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-05T10:16:33Z → 2023-09-06T10:08:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:02–12:50 on the 5th, 12:01–12:49 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 10134 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalā Saptamī, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 6 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitala-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 7 Sitala saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śītalā Saptamī 2023 falls on Wednesday 6 September. Saptamī runs from 15:47 on Tue 5 Sep to 15:38 on Wed 6 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/shitala-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-09-10", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ajā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31395, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-09T19:18:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-09T13:48:39Z", "ms": 1694267318554.779 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-10T21:28:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-10T15:58:59Z", "ms": 1694361539460.354 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-09T19:18:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-09T13:48:39Z", "ms": 1694267318554.779 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-10T21:28:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-10T15:58:59Z", "ms": 1694361539460.354 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-10T06:11:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-10T00:41:56Z", "ms": 1694306516345.4019 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-10T06:11:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-10T00:41:56Z", "ms": 1694306516345.4019 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-11T06:12:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-11T00:42:15Z", "ms": 1694392934804.1416 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-11T06:12:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-11T00:42:15Z", "ms": 1694392934804.1416 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 19:19 on Sat 9 Sep to 21:29 on Sun 10 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-09T13:48:39Z → 2023-09-10T15:58:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:12 on the 10th and 06:12 on the 11th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 10th and is not on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31395 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ajā Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 10 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Ajā Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Sunday 10 September. Ekādaśī runs from 19:19 on Sat 9 Sep to 21:29 on Sun 10 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-09-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-09-12", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13501, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-11T23:52:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-11T18:22:50Z", "ms": 1694456569985.589 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-13T02:21:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-12T20:51:58Z", "ms": 1694551918404.7715 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-11T23:52:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-11T18:22:50Z", "ms": 1694456569985.589 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-13T02:21:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-12T20:51:58Z", "ms": 1694551918404.7715 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-11T18:34:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-11T13:04:47Z", "ms": 1694437486994.904 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-11T20:07:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-11T14:37:49Z", "ms": 1694443069160.0422 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-12T18:33:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-12T13:03:46Z", "ms": 1694523826394.6008 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-12T20:06:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-12T14:36:59Z", "ms": 1694529419094.4648 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:53 on Mon 11 Sep to 02:22 on Wed 13 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-11T18:22:50Z → 2023-09-12T20:51:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:35–20:08 on the 11th, 18:34–20:07 on the 12th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 93 minutes on the 11th and 93 of 93 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13501 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 12 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Tuesday 12 September. Trayodaśī runs from 23:53 on Mon 11 Sep to 02:22 on Wed 13 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-09-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/aghora-chaturdashi", "festival": "aghora-chaturdashi", "name": "Aghora Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22499, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-13T02:21:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-12T20:51:58Z", "ms": 1694551918404.7715 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-14T04:49:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-13T23:19:31Z", "ms": 1694647171306.6519 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-13T02:21:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-12T20:51:58Z", "ms": 1694551918404.7715 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-14T04:49:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-13T23:19:31Z", "ms": 1694647171306.6519 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-12T18:33:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-12T13:03:46Z", "ms": 1694523826394.6008 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-12T20:06:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-12T14:36:59Z", "ms": 1694529419094.4648 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-13T18:32:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-13T13:02:46Z", "ms": 1694610165630.907 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-13T20:06:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-13T14:36:09Z", "ms": 1694615768886.1035 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 02:22 on Wed 13 Sep to 04:50 on Thu 14 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-12T20:51:58Z → 2023-09-13T23:19:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:34–20:07 on the 12th, 18:33–20:06 on the 13th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 93 minutes on the 12th and 93 of 93 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22499 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aghora Caturdaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 13 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aghora-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Aghora caturdasi (pradosa vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Aghora Caturdaśī 2023 falls on Wednesday 13 September. Caturdaśī runs from 02:22 on Wed 13 Sep to 04:50 on Thu 14 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/aghora-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-09-13", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5679, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-13T02:21:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-12T20:51:58Z", "ms": 1694551918404.7715 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-14T04:49:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-13T23:19:31Z", "ms": 1694647171306.6519 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-13T02:21:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-12T20:51:58Z", "ms": 1694551918404.7715 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-14T04:49:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-13T23:19:31Z", "ms": 1694647171306.6519 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-12T23:59:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-12T18:29:19Z", "ms": 1694543359019.0913 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-13T00:47:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-12T19:17:19Z", "ms": 1694546239019.0913 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-13T23:58:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-13T18:28:58Z", "ms": 1694629737837.894 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-14T00:46:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-13T19:16:58Z", "ms": 1694632617837.894 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 02:22 on Wed 13 Sep to 04:50 on Thu 14 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-12T20:51:58Z → 2023-09-13T23:19:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:59–00:47 on the 12th, 23:59–00:47 on the 13th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5679 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 13 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śivarātri (Masik Shivaratri) 2023 falls on Wednesday 13 September. Caturdaśī runs from 02:22 on Wed 13 Sep to 04:50 on Thu 14 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-09-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/rudra-vrata", "festival": "rudra-vrata", "name": "Rudra Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9586, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2023-09-15T07:09:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-15T01:39:49Z", "ms": 1694741988670.925 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-16T09:17:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-16T03:47:59Z", "ms": 1694836078859.7942 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-15T07:09:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-15T01:39:49Z", "ms": 1694741988670.925 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-16T09:17:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-16T03:47:59Z", "ms": 1694836078859.7942 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-15T11:58:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-15T06:28:06Z", "ms": 1694759286077.0332 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-15T12:46:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-15T07:16:06Z", "ms": 1694762166077.0332 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-09-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-16T11:57:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-16T06:27:45Z", "ms": 1694845664727.2427 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-16T12:45:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-16T07:15:45Z", "ms": 1694848544727.2427 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 07:10 on Fri 15 Sep to 09:18 on Sat 16 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-15T01:39:49Z → 2023-09-16T03:47:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:58–12:46 on the 15th, 11:58–12:46 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 9586 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rudra Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 15 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rudra-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Rudra vrata (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Rudra Vrata 2023 falls on Friday 15 September. Pratipadā runs from 07:10 on Fri 15 Sep to 09:18 on Sat 16 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/rudra-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ganesha-chaturthi", "festival": "ganesha-chaturthi", "name": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 325, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-18T12:39:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-18T07:09:37Z", "ms": 1695020976753.5286 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-19T13:43:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-19T08:13:37Z", "ms": 1695111216872.9878 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-18T12:39:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-18T07:09:37Z", "ms": 1695020976753.5286 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-19T13:43:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-19T08:13:37Z", "ms": 1695111216872.9878 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-18T11:57:02+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-18T06:27:02Z", "ms": 1695018421973.0881 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-18T12:45:02+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-18T07:15:02Z", "ms": 1695021301973.0881 } }, "covered_min": 5, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-19T11:56:41+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-19T06:26:41Z", "ms": 1695104800603.1697 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-19T12:44:41+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-19T07:14:41Z", "ms": 1695107680603.1697 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:40 on Mon 18 Sep to 13:44 on Tue 19 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-18T07:09:37Z → 2023-09-19T08:13:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:57–12:45 on the 18th, 11:57–12:45 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 5 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 48 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 325 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 18 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Varada caturthi (purvaviddha, madhyahnavyapini), Samvatsari parva (Jain-caturthi paksa), Saubhagya caturthi (Bengal), Ganesa caturthi (madhyahna vyapini and purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-09-19" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Gaṇeśa Caturthī 2023 falls on Monday 18 September. Caturthī runs from 12:40 on Mon 18 Sep to 13:44 on Tue 19 Sep and covers 5 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken. Rashtriya Panchang recorded 19 September (Principal festivals, 2023-24).", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ganesha-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/haritalika-vrata", "festival": "haritalika-vrata", "name": "Haritālikā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 325, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2023-09-17T11:09:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-17T05:39:28Z", "ms": 1694929167875.8298 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-18T12:39:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-18T07:09:37Z", "ms": 1695020976753.5286 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-17T11:09:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-17T05:39:28Z", "ms": 1694929167875.8298 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-18T12:39:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-18T07:09:37Z", "ms": 1695020976753.5286 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-17T11:57:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-17T06:27:23Z", "ms": 1694932043353.5583 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-17T12:45:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-17T07:15:23Z", "ms": 1694934923353.5583 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-18T11:57:02+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-18T06:27:02Z", "ms": 1695018421973.0881 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-18T12:45:02+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-18T07:15:02Z", "ms": 1695021301973.0881 } }, "covered_min": 43, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 11:09 on Sun 17 Sep to 12:40 on Mon 18 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-17T05:39:28Z → 2023-09-18T07:09:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:57–12:45 on the 17th, 11:57–12:45 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 43 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 325 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Haritālikā Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 18 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "haritalika-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Haritalika vrata (paraviddha), Gauri vrata (Orissa), Gauri (Mysore)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-18", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Haritālikā Vrata (Hartalika Teej) 2023 falls on Monday 18 September. Tṛtīyā runs from 11:09 on Sun 17 Sep to 12:40 on Mon 18 Sep and covers 43 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/haritalika-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/rishi-panchami", "festival": "rishi-panchami", "name": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3536, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-19T13:43:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-19T08:13:37Z", "ms": 1695111216872.9878 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-20T14:16:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-20T08:46:46Z", "ms": 1695199606497.9814 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-19T13:43:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-19T08:13:37Z", "ms": 1695111216872.9878 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-20T14:16:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-20T08:46:46Z", "ms": 1695199606497.9814 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-19T11:56:41+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-19T06:26:41Z", "ms": 1695104800603.1697 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-19T12:44:41+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-19T07:14:41Z", "ms": 1695107680603.1697 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-20T11:56:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-20T06:26:19Z", "ms": 1695191179261.4438 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-20T12:44:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-20T07:14:19Z", "ms": 1695194059261.4438 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 13:44 on Tue 19 Sep to 14:17 on Wed 20 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-19T08:13:37Z → 2023-09-20T08:46:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:57–12:45 on the 19th, 11:56–12:44 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 3536 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 20 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 2023 falls on Wednesday 20 September. Pañcamī runs from 13:44 on Tue 19 Sep to 14:17 on Wed 20 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/rishi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "festival": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5466, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-20T14:16:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-20T08:46:46Z", "ms": 1695199606497.9814 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-21T14:15:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-21T08:45:04Z", "ms": 1695285904308.6396 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-20T14:16:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-20T08:46:46Z", "ms": 1695199606497.9814 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-21T14:15:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-21T08:45:04Z", "ms": 1695285904308.6396 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-20T11:56:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-20T06:26:19Z", "ms": 1695191179261.4438 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-20T12:44:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-20T07:14:19Z", "ms": 1695194059261.4438 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-09-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-21T11:55:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-21T06:25:58Z", "ms": 1695277557965.941 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-21T12:43:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-21T07:13:58Z", "ms": 1695280437965.941 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 14:17 on Wed 20 Sep to 14:15 on Thu 21 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-20T08:46:46Z → 2023-09-21T08:45:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:56–12:44 on the 20th, 11:56–12:44 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5466 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada), Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 21 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Surya sasthi (paraviddha), Lolarka sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada) 2023 falls on Thursday 21 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 14:17 on Wed 20 Sep to 14:15 on Thu 21 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/muktabharana-vrata", "festival": "muktabharana-vrata", "name": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3133, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-21T14:15:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-21T08:45:04Z", "ms": 1695285904308.6396 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-22T13:35:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-22T08:05:50Z", "ms": 1695369949510.243 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-21T14:15:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-21T08:45:04Z", "ms": 1695285904308.6396 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-22T13:35:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-22T08:05:50Z", "ms": 1695369949510.243 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-21T11:55:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-21T06:25:58Z", "ms": 1695277557965.941 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-21T12:43:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-21T07:13:58Z", "ms": 1695280437965.941 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-09-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-22T11:55:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-22T06:25:37Z", "ms": 1695363936735.1855 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-22T12:43:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-22T07:13:37Z", "ms": 1695366816735.1855 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 14:15 on Thu 21 Sep to 13:36 on Fri 22 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-21T08:45:04Z → 2023-09-22T08:05:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:56–12:44 on the 21st, 11:56–12:44 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3133 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 22 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "muktabharana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Muktabharana vrata (purvaviddha), Lalita saptami (Bengal & Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-22", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Muktābharaṇa Vrata 2023 falls on Friday 22 September. Saptamī runs from 14:15 on Thu 21 Sep to 13:36 on Fri 22 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/muktabharana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/radhashtami", "festival": "radhashtami", "name": "Rādhāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1380, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-22T13:35:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-22T08:05:50Z", "ms": 1695369949510.243 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-23T12:18:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-23T06:48:16Z", "ms": 1695451696024.6653 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-22T13:35:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-22T08:05:50Z", "ms": 1695369949510.243 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-23T12:18:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-23T06:48:16Z", "ms": 1695451696024.6653 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-22T11:55:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-22T06:25:37Z", "ms": 1695363936735.1855 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-22T12:43:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-22T07:13:37Z", "ms": 1695366816735.1855 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-23T11:55:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-23T06:25:16Z", "ms": 1695450315588.3237 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-23T12:43:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-23T07:13:16Z", "ms": 1695453195588.3237 } }, "covered_min": 23, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 13:36 on Fri 22 Sep to 12:18 on Sat 23 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-22T08:05:50Z → 2023-09-23T06:48:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:56–12:44 on the 22nd, 11:55–12:43 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 23 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1380 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rādhāṣṭamī, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 23 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "radhashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Durvastami (purvaviddha — S 8 of saura Bhadra except Bengal), Mahalaksmi vratarambha, Radhastami (madhyahna vyapini)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-23", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Rādhāṣṭamī 2023 falls on Saturday 23 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 13:36 on Fri 22 Sep to 12:18 on Sat 23 Sep and covers 23 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/radhashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-09-25", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4539, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-25T07:56:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-25T02:26:17Z", "ms": 1695608777355.0742 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-26T05:01:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-25T23:31:15Z", "ms": 1695684675443.732 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-25T07:56:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-25T02:26:17Z", "ms": 1695608777355.0742 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-26T05:01:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-25T23:31:15Z", "ms": 1695684675443.732 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-25T06:16:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-25T00:46:35Z", "ms": 1695602794972.214 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-25T06:16:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-25T00:46:35Z", "ms": 1695602794972.214 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-26T06:16:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-26T00:46:54Z", "ms": 1695689214144.0928 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-26T06:16:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-26T00:46:54Z", "ms": 1695689214144.0928 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 07:56 on Mon 25 Sep to 05:01 on Tue 26 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-25T02:26:17Z → 2023-09-25T23:31:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:17 on the 25th and 06:17 on the 26th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 25th and is not on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 4539 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 25 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Parivartanī Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Monday 25 September. Ekādaśī runs from 07:56 on Mon 25 Sep to 05:01 on Tue 26 Sep, and is current at sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-09-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vamana-jayanti", "festival": "vamana-jayanti", "name": "Vāmana Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24777, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-26T05:01:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-25T23:31:15Z", "ms": 1695684675443.732 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-27T01:46:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-26T20:16:04Z", "ms": 1695759363554.3833 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-26T05:01:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-25T23:31:15Z", "ms": 1695684675443.732 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-27T01:46:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-26T20:16:04Z", "ms": 1695759363554.3833 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-26T11:54:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-26T06:24:13Z", "ms": 1695709452855.0273 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-26T12:42:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-26T07:12:13Z", "ms": 1695712332855.0273 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-27T11:53:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-27T06:23:52Z", "ms": 1695795832252.7544 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-27T12:41:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-27T07:11:52Z", "ms": 1695798712252.7544 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 05:01 on Tue 26 Sep to 01:46 on Wed 27 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-25T23:31:15Z → 2023-09-26T20:16:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:54–12:42 on the 26th, 11:54–12:42 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24777 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vāmana Jayantī, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 26 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vamana-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Visnuparivartanotsava, Sakrotthana (in any of the naksatras U. Asadha, Sravana & Dhanistha), Kalki dvadasi, Sravana dvadasi (when combined with naksatra Sravana), Vamana jayanti (madhyahna vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vāmana Jayantī 2023 falls on Tuesday 26 September. Dvādaśī runs from 05:01 on Tue 26 Sep to 01:46 on Wed 27 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vamana-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-09-27", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8687, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-27T01:46:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-26T20:16:04Z", "ms": 1695759363554.3833 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-27T22:19:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-27T16:49:10Z", "ms": 1695833349872.9783 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-27T01:46:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-26T20:16:04Z", "ms": 1695759363554.3833 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-27T22:19:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-27T16:49:10Z", "ms": 1695833349872.9783 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-26T18:19:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-26T12:49:32Z", "ms": 1695732571565.962 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-26T19:55:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-26T14:25:13Z", "ms": 1695738313153.122 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 96, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-27T18:18:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-27T12:48:31Z", "ms": 1695818911035.8457 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-27T19:54:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-27T14:24:23Z", "ms": 1695824663293.4495 } }, "covered_min": 96, "window_min": 96, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 01:46 on Wed 27 Sep to 22:19 on Wed 27 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-26T20:16:04Z → 2023-09-27T16:49:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:20–19:55 on the 26th, 18:19–19:54 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 96 minutes on the 26th and 96 of 96 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8687 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 27 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Wednesday 27 September. Trayodaśī runs from 01:46 on Wed 27 Sep to 22:19 on Wed 27 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-09-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ananta-chaturdashi", "festival": "ananta-chaturdashi", "name": "Ananta Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-09-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28703, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-09-27T22:19:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-27T16:49:10Z", "ms": 1695833349872.9783 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-28T18:49:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-28T13:19:48Z", "ms": 1695907187758.0938 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-09-27T22:19:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-27T16:49:10Z", "ms": 1695833349872.9783 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-28T18:49:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-28T13:19:48Z", "ms": 1695907187758.0938 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-28T06:17:33+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-28T00:47:33Z", "ms": 1695862052967.873 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-28T08:41:33+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-28T03:11:33Z", "ms": 1695870692518.3706 } }, "covered_min": 144, "window_min": 144, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-09-29T06:17:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-29T00:47:53Z", "ms": 1695948472658.9062 }, "end": { "local": "2023-09-29T08:41:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-09-29T03:11:36Z", "ms": 1695957096256.928 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 144, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:19 on Wed 27 Sep to 18:50 on Thu 28 Sep.", "fact": "2023-09-27T16:49:10Z → 2023-09-28T13:19:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:18–08:42 on the 28th, 06:18–08:42 on the 29th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 144 of 144 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 144 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28703 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ananta Caturdaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 28 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananta-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Ananta caturdasi (covering three muhurtas from sunrise, but one muhurta in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row asks for one muhūrta from sunrise; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Ananta Caturdaśī 2023 falls on Thursday 28 September. Caturdaśī runs from 22:19 on Wed 27 Sep to 18:50 on Thu 28 Sep and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ananta-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-10-02", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-10-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35339, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-10-02T07:36:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-02T02:06:52Z", "ms": 1696212411666.1055 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-03T06:12:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-03T00:42:22Z", "ms": 1696293742039.808 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-02T07:36:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-02T02:06:52Z", "ms": 1696212411666.1055 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-03T06:12:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-03T00:42:22Z", "ms": 1696293742039.808 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-01T19:41:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-01T14:11:47Z", "ms": 1696169506841.0354 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-01T19:41:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-01T14:11:47Z", "ms": 1696169506841.0354 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-10-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-02T20:23:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-02T14:53:23Z", "ms": 1696258402870.7034 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-02T20:23:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-02T14:53:23Z", "ms": 1696258402870.7034 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:37 on Mon 2 Oct to 06:12 on Tue 3 Oct.", "fact": "2023-10-02T02:06:52Z → 2023-10-03T00:42:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:42 on the 1st and 20:23 on the 2nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 1st and is on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35339 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 2 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī (Sankatahara Chaturthi) 2023 falls on Monday 2 October. Caturthī runs from 07:37 on Mon 2 Oct to 06:12 on Tue 3 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-10-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/chandra-shashthi", "festival": "chandra-shashthi", "name": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-10-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27838, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2023-10-04T05:33:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-04T00:03:27Z", "ms": 1696377807443.3948 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-05T05:41:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-05T00:11:47Z", "ms": 1696464707234.2324 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-04T05:33:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-04T00:03:27Z", "ms": 1696377807443.3948 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-05T05:41:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-05T00:11:47Z", "ms": 1696464707234.2324 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-03T21:08:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-03T15:38:37Z", "ms": 1696347516680.6267 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-03T21:08:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-03T15:38:37Z", "ms": 1696347516680.6267 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-04T21:57:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-04T16:27:49Z", "ms": 1696436869390.8188 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-04T21:57:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-04T16:27:49Z", "ms": 1696436869390.8188 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 05:33 on Wed 4 Oct to 05:42 on Thu 5 Oct.", "fact": "2023-10-04T00:03:27Z → 2023-10-05T00:11:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:09 on the 3rd and 21:58 on the 4th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 3rd and is on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 27838 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 4 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chandra-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Candra sasthi (Sasthi current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Candra Ṣaṣṭhī 2023 falls on Wednesday 4 October. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 05:33 on Wed 4 Oct to 05:42 on Thu 5 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/chandra-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/jitashtami", "festival": "jitashtami", "name": "Jitāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-10-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35987, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2023-10-06T06:35:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-06T01:05:29Z", "ms": 1696554328738.7983 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-07T08:08:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-07T02:38:56Z", "ms": 1696646335737.3945 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-06T06:35:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-06T01:05:29Z", "ms": 1696554328738.7983 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-07T08:08:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-07T02:38:56Z", "ms": 1696646335737.3945 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-06T18:09:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-06T12:39:39Z", "ms": 1696595979434.8516 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-06T19:47:07+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-06T14:17:07Z", "ms": 1696601827440.363 } }, "covered_min": 97, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-07T18:08:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-07T12:38:42Z", "ms": 1696682322353.1501 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-07T19:46:21+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-07T14:16:21Z", "ms": 1696688180937.5984 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 06:35 on Fri 6 Oct to 08:09 on Sat 7 Oct.", "fact": "2023-10-06T01:05:29Z → 2023-10-07T02:38:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:10–19:47 on the 6th, 18:09–19:46 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 97 of 97 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 98 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35987 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jitāṣṭamī, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 6 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "jitashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Jitāṣṭamī (Jitiya) 2023 falls on Friday 6 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 06:35 on Fri 6 Oct to 08:09 on Sat 7 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/jitashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "festival": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "name": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-10-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27897, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2023-10-06T06:35:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-06T01:05:29Z", "ms": 1696554328738.7983 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-07T08:08:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-07T02:38:56Z", "ms": 1696646335737.3945 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-06T06:35:29+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-06T01:05:29Z", "ms": 1696554328738.7983 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-07T08:08:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-07T02:38:56Z", "ms": 1696646335737.3945 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-05T22:50:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-05T17:20:32Z", "ms": 1696526431874.0598 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-05T22:50:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-05T17:20:32Z", "ms": 1696526431874.0598 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-06T23:45:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-06T18:15:28Z", "ms": 1696616128023.7197 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-06T23:45:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-06T18:15:28Z", "ms": 1696616128023.7197 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 06:35 on Fri 6 Oct to 08:09 on Sat 7 Oct.", "fact": "2023-10-06T01:05:29Z → 2023-10-07T02:38:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:51 on the 5th and 23:45 on the 6th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 5th and is on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27897 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 6 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana 2023 falls on Friday 6 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 06:35 on Fri 6 Oct to 08:09 on Sat 7 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-10-10", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Indirā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-10-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22551, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-10-09T12:37:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-09T07:07:15Z", "ms": 1696835234910.879 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-10T15:09:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-10T09:39:08Z", "ms": 1696930747770.8823 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-09T12:37:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-09T07:07:15Z", "ms": 1696835234910.879 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-10T15:09:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-10T09:39:08Z", "ms": 1696930747770.8823 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-09T06:21:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-09T00:51:24Z", "ms": 1696812684354.1477 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-09T06:21:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-09T00:51:24Z", "ms": 1696812684354.1477 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-10T06:21:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-10T00:51:47Z", "ms": 1696899107339.9563 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-10T06:21:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-10T00:51:47Z", "ms": 1696899107339.9563 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:37 on Mon 9 Oct to 15:09 on Tue 10 Oct.", "fact": "2023-10-09T07:07:15Z → 2023-10-10T09:39:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:21 on the 9th and 06:22 on the 10th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 9th and is on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22551 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Indirā Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 10 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Indirā Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Tuesday 10 October. Ekādaśī runs from 12:37 on Mon 9 Oct to 15:09 on Tue 10 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-10-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-10-12", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-10-12", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 693, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-10-11T17:37:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-11T12:07:49Z", "ms": 1697026068774.0867 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-12T19:54:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-12T14:24:09Z", "ms": 1697120648811.759 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-11T17:37:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-11T12:07:49Z", "ms": 1697026068774.0867 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-12T19:54:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-12T14:24:09Z", "ms": 1697120648811.759 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-11T18:04:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-11T12:34:59Z", "ms": 1697027699247.901 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-11T19:43:20+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-11T14:13:20Z", "ms": 1697033599942.2822 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-10-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-12T18:04:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-12T12:34:05Z", "ms": 1697114044904.032 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-12T19:42:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-12T14:12:36Z", "ms": 1697119956063.9817 } }, "covered_min": 99, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:38 on Wed 11 Oct to 19:54 on Thu 12 Oct.", "fact": "2023-10-11T12:07:49Z → 2023-10-12T14:24:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:05–19:43 on the 11th, 18:04–19:43 on the 12th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 98 of 98 minutes on the 11th and 99 of 99 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 693 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 12 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-12", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-11", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Thursday 12 October. Trayodaśī runs from 17:38 on Wed 11 Oct to 19:54 on Thu 12 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 98 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-10-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-10-12", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-10-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7074, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-10-12T19:54:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-12T14:24:09Z", "ms": 1697120648811.759 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-13T21:51:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-13T16:21:23Z", "ms": 1697214083494.776 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-12T19:54:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-12T14:24:09Z", "ms": 1697120648811.759 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-13T21:51:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-13T16:21:23Z", "ms": 1697214083494.776 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-12T23:49:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-12T18:19:32Z", "ms": 1697134771753.8438 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-13T00:37:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-12T19:07:32Z", "ms": 1697137651753.8438 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-10-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-13T23:49:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-13T18:19:17Z", "ms": 1697221157169.125 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-14T00:37:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-13T19:07:17Z", "ms": 1697224037169.125 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:54 on Thu 12 Oct to 21:51 on Fri 13 Oct.", "fact": "2023-10-12T14:24:09Z → 2023-10-13T16:21:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:50–00:38 on the 12th, 23:49–00:37 on the 13th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7074 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 12 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śivarātri (Masik Shivaratri) 2023 falls on Thursday 12 October. Caturdaśī runs from 19:54 on Thu 12 Oct to 21:51 on Fri 13 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-10-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/mahalaya-amavasya", "festival": "mahalaya-amavasya", "name": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-10-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22095, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2023-10-13T21:51:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-13T16:21:23Z", "ms": 1697214083494.776 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-14T23:25:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-14T17:55:09Z", "ms": 1697306109186.9197 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-13T21:51:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-13T16:21:23Z", "ms": 1697214083494.776 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-14T23:25:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-14T17:55:09Z", "ms": 1697306109186.9197 } }, "kaala": "aparahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-13T13:23:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-13T07:53:06Z", "ms": 1697183586151.129 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-13T15:43:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-13T10:13:09Z", "ms": 1697191988666.9534 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 140, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-14T13:22:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-14T07:52:44Z", "ms": 1697269964127.1917 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-14T15:42:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-14T10:12:31Z", "ms": 1697278351117.7646 } }, "covered_min": 140, "window_min": 140, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 21:51 on Fri 13 Oct to 23:25 on Sat 14 Oct.", "fact": "2023-10-13T16:21:23Z → 2023-10-14T17:55:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aparāhṇa is 10th to 12th of 15 day muhūrtas: 13:23–15:43 on the 13th, 13:23–15:43 on the 14th.", "fact": "aparahna: day-muhurta-10-12 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during aparāhṇa. It covers 0 of 140 minutes on the 13th and 140 of 140 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22095 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 14 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalaya-amavasya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Mahalaya amavasya (aparahnavyapini)" } ], "not_evaluated": "The note on p. 106 gives the first day in a decreasing tithimāna and the second in an increasing one, when amāvāsyā covers the whole of aparāhṇa on both days; tithimāna is not computed.", "kaala": "aparahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-10-14" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Mahālaya Amāvāsyā (Mahalaya) 2023 falls on Saturday 14 October. Amāvasyā runs from 21:51 on Fri 13 Oct to 23:25 on Sat 14 Oct and covers all of aparāhṇa that afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/mahalaya-amavasya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/navaratra-arambha", "festival": "navaratra-arambha", "name": "Navarātrārambha", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-10-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38899, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2023-10-14T23:25:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-14T17:55:09Z", "ms": 1697306109186.9197 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-16T00:32:57+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-15T19:02:57Z", "ms": 1697396576923.306 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-14T23:25:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-14T17:55:09Z", "ms": 1697306109186.9197 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-16T00:32:57+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-15T19:02:57Z", "ms": 1697396576923.306 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-14T11:48:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-14T06:18:51Z", "ms": 1697264330631.905 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-14T12:36:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-14T07:06:51Z", "ms": 1697267210631.905 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-15T11:48:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-15T06:18:37Z", "ms": 1697350716911.3555 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-15T12:36:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-15T07:06:37Z", "ms": 1697353596911.3555 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 23:25 on Sat 14 Oct to 00:33 on Mon 16 Oct.", "fact": "2023-10-14T17:55:09Z → 2023-10-15T19:02:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 14th, 11:49–12:37 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 38899 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 15 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Navarātrārambha (Navratri) 2023 falls on Sunday 15 October. Pratipadā runs from 23:25 on Sat 14 Oct to 00:33 on Mon 16 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/navaratra-arambha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-10-18", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-10-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37264, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-10-18T01:26:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-17T19:56:55Z", "ms": 1697572614683.1562 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-19T01:12:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-18T19:42:56Z", "ms": 1697658175504.4275 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-18T01:26:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-17T19:56:55Z", "ms": 1697572614683.1562 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-19T01:12:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-18T19:42:56Z", "ms": 1697658175504.4275 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-18T11:47:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-18T06:17:59Z", "ms": 1697609879140.5273 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-18T12:35:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-18T07:05:59Z", "ms": 1697612759140.5273 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-19T11:47:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-19T06:17:48Z", "ms": 1697696267727.3538 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-19T12:35:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-19T07:05:48Z", "ms": 1697699147727.3538 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:27 on Wed 18 Oct to 01:13 on Thu 19 Oct.", "fact": "2023-10-17T19:56:55Z → 2023-10-18T19:42:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:48–12:36 on the 18th, 11:48–12:36 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37264 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 18 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vināyaka Caturthī 2023 falls on Wednesday 18 October. Caturthī runs from 01:27 on Wed 18 Oct to 01:13 on Thu 19 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-10-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/durga-saptami", "festival": "durga-saptami", "name": "Durgā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-10-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25264, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2023-10-20T23:25:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-20T17:55:23Z", "ms": 1697824522985.3337 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-21T21:53:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-21T16:23:54Z", "ms": 1697905433595.0112 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-20T23:25:23+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-20T17:55:23Z", "ms": 1697824522985.3337 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-21T21:53:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-21T16:23:54Z", "ms": 1697905433595.0112 } }, "kaala": "udaya-1", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-21T06:26:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-21T00:56:27Z", "ms": 1697849786817.6184 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-21T07:12:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-21T01:42:27Z", "ms": 1697852546808.4973 } }, "covered_min": 46, "window_min": 46, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-22T06:26:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-22T00:56:55Z", "ms": 1697936214793.3425 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-22T07:12:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-22T01:42:50Z", "ms": 1697938969782.5117 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 46, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 23:25 on Fri 20 Oct to 21:54 on Sat 21 Oct.", "fact": "2023-10-20T17:55:23Z → 2023-10-21T16:23:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first muhūrta after sunrise is 1st of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:26–07:12 on the 21st, 06:27–07:13 on the 22nd.", "fact": "udaya-1: day-muhurta-1-1 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must hold through the first muhūrta after sunrise. It covers 46 of 46 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 46 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25264 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Saptamī, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 21 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Durga saptami (paraviddha) — covering one muhurta from sunrise" } ], "kaala": "udaya-1", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-10-21" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Durgā Saptamī 2023 falls on Saturday 21 October. Saptamī runs from 23:25 on Fri 20 Oct to 21:54 on Sat 21 Oct and covers all of the first muhūrta after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/durga-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/mahashtami", "festival": "mahashtami", "name": "Mahāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-10-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26659, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2023-10-21T21:53:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-21T16:23:54Z", "ms": 1697905433595.0112 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-22T19:59:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-22T14:29:37Z", "ms": 1697984976704.733 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-21T21:53:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-21T16:23:54Z", "ms": 1697905433595.0112 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-22T19:59:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-22T14:29:37Z", "ms": 1697984976704.733 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-21T11:47:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-21T06:17:27Z", "ms": 1697869046749.2097 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-21T12:35:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-21T07:05:27Z", "ms": 1697871926749.2097 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-22T11:47:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-22T06:17:17Z", "ms": 1697955437212.1123 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-22T12:35:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-22T07:05:17Z", "ms": 1697958317212.1123 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 21:54 on Sat 21 Oct to 20:00 on Sun 22 Oct.", "fact": "2023-10-21T16:23:54Z → 2023-10-22T14:29:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:47–12:35 on the 21st, 11:47–12:35 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26659 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāṣṭamī, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 22 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-10-22" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 2023 falls on Sunday 22 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 21:54 on Sat 21 Oct to 20:00 on Sun 22 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/mahashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/mahanavami", "festival": "mahanavami", "name": "Mahānavamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-10-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18611, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2023-10-22T19:59:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-22T14:29:37Z", "ms": 1697984976704.733 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-23T17:45:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-23T12:15:19Z", "ms": 1698063318844.537 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-22T19:59:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-22T14:29:37Z", "ms": 1697984976704.733 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-23T17:45:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-23T12:15:19Z", "ms": 1698063318844.537 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-22T11:47:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-22T06:17:17Z", "ms": 1697955437212.1123 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-22T12:35:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-22T07:05:17Z", "ms": 1697958317212.1123 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-23T11:47:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-23T06:17:08Z", "ms": 1698041828328.8926 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-23T12:35:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-23T07:05:08Z", "ms": 1698044708328.8926 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 20:00 on Sun 22 Oct to 17:45 on Mon 23 Oct.", "fact": "2023-10-22T14:29:37Z → 2023-10-23T12:15:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:47–12:35 on the 22nd, 11:47–12:35 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 18611 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahānavamī, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 23 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahanavami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Mahanavami (purvaviddha) (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha covering one muhurta from sunrise)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-10-23" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Mahānavamī 2023 falls on Monday 23 October. Navamī runs from 20:00 on Sun 22 Oct to 17:45 on Mon 23 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/mahanavami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vijaya-dashami", "festival": "vijaya-dashami", "name": "Vijayā Daśamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-10-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1868, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 9, "key": "dashami", "name": "Daśamī", "start": { "local": "2023-10-23T17:45:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-23T12:15:19Z", "ms": 1698063318844.537 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-24T15:14:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-24T09:44:44Z", "ms": 1698140684274.2222 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-23T17:45:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-23T12:15:19Z", "ms": 1698063318844.537 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-24T15:14:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-24T09:44:44Z", "ms": 1698140684274.2222 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-23T11:47:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-23T06:17:08Z", "ms": 1698041828328.8926 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-23T12:35:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-23T07:05:08Z", "ms": 1698044708328.8926 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-24T11:47:00+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-24T06:17:00Z", "ms": 1698128220114.6929 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-24T12:35:00+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-24T07:05:00Z", "ms": 1698131100114.6929 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Daśamī runs from 17:45 on Mon 23 Oct to 15:15 on Tue 24 Oct.", "fact": "2023-10-23T12:15:19Z → 2023-10-24T09:44:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:47–12:35 on the 23rd, 11:47–12:35 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time on neither day, so the rest of the rule applies. Daśamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1868 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Daśamī, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 24 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vijaya-dashami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 10 Vijaya dasami (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha, covering one muhurta from sunrise. In other places, if it touches Sravana naksatra in the day time it is observed on that day), Sarasvati visarjana (to be observed in naksatra Sravana), Dasahara." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day", "conjunction": { "nakshatra": "Śravaṇa", "kaala": "daytime" } }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-10-24" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vijayā Daśamī (Dussehra) 2023 falls on Tuesday 24 October. Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time on neither day, so madhyāhna decides. Daśamī runs from 17:45 on Mon 23 Oct to 15:15 on Tue 24 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vijaya-dashami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-10-25", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-10-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21856, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-10-24T15:14:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-24T09:44:44Z", "ms": 1698140684274.2222 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-25T12:32:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-25T07:02:37Z", "ms": 1698217357145.984 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-24T15:14:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-24T09:44:44Z", "ms": 1698140684274.2222 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-25T12:32:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-25T07:02:37Z", "ms": 1698217357145.984 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-24T06:27:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-24T00:57:52Z", "ms": 1698109072087.529 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-24T06:27:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-24T00:57:52Z", "ms": 1698109072087.529 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-25T06:28:21+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-25T00:58:21Z", "ms": 1698195501415.797 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-25T06:28:21+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-25T00:58:21Z", "ms": 1698195501415.797 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:15 on Tue 24 Oct to 12:33 on Wed 25 Oct.", "fact": "2023-10-24T09:44:44Z → 2023-10-25T07:02:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:28 on the 24th and 06:28 on the 25th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21856 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 25 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Wednesday 25 October. Ekādaśī runs from 15:15 on Tue 24 Oct to 12:33 on Wed 25 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-10-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-10-26", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-10-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29281, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-10-26T09:44:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-26T04:14:39Z", "ms": 1698293678846.6638 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-27T06:57:21+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-27T01:27:21Z", "ms": 1698370041262.2988 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-26T09:44:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-26T04:14:39Z", "ms": 1698293678846.6638 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-27T06:57:21+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-27T01:27:21Z", "ms": 1698370041262.2988 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-26T17:52:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-26T12:22:40Z", "ms": 1698322960308.6025 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-26T19:33:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-26T14:03:34Z", "ms": 1698329013796.1443 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-27T17:51:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-27T12:21:58Z", "ms": 1698409317830.1558 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-27T19:33:01+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-27T14:03:01Z", "ms": 1698415381079.4888 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 09:45 on Thu 26 Oct to 06:57 on Fri 27 Oct.", "fact": "2023-10-26T04:14:39Z → 2023-10-27T01:27:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:53–19:34 on the 26th, 17:52–19:33 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 101 of 101 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 101 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29281 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 26 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Thursday 26 October. Trayodaśī runs from 09:45 on Thu 26 Oct to 06:57 on Fri 27 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-10-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/karaka-chaturthi", "festival": "karaka-chaturthi", "name": "Karaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2488, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-10-31T21:30:41+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-31T16:00:41Z", "ms": 1698768041190.6274 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-01T21:19:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-01T15:49:46Z", "ms": 1698853785851.9014 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-31T21:30:41+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-31T16:00:41Z", "ms": 1698768041190.6274 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-01T21:19:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-01T15:49:46Z", "ms": 1698853785851.9014 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-31T19:45:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-31T14:15:51Z", "ms": 1698761751412.2449 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-31T19:45:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-31T14:15:51Z", "ms": 1698761751412.2449 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-01T20:38:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-01T15:08:18Z", "ms": 1698851297852.5105 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-01T20:38:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-01T15:08:18Z", "ms": 1698851297852.5105 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:31 on Tue 31 Oct to 21:20 on Wed 1 Nov.", "fact": "2023-10-31T16:00:41Z → 2023-11-01T15:49:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:46 on the 31st and 20:38 on the 1st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 31st and is on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 2488 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Karaka Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 1 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "karaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Karaka caturthi (current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-11-01" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Karaka Caturthī (Karwa Chauth) 2023 falls on Wednesday 1 November. Caturthī runs from 21:31 on Tue 31 Oct to 21:20 on Wed 1 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/karaka-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-11-01", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2488, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-10-31T21:30:41+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-31T16:00:41Z", "ms": 1698768041190.6274 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-01T21:19:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-01T15:49:46Z", "ms": 1698853785851.9014 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-10-31T21:30:41+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-31T16:00:41Z", "ms": 1698768041190.6274 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-01T21:19:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-01T15:49:46Z", "ms": 1698853785851.9014 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-10-31T19:45:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-31T14:15:51Z", "ms": 1698761751412.2449 }, "end": { "local": "2023-10-31T19:45:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-10-31T14:15:51Z", "ms": 1698761751412.2449 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-01T20:38:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-01T15:08:18Z", "ms": 1698851297852.5105 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-01T20:38:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-01T15:08:18Z", "ms": 1698851297852.5105 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:31 on Tue 31 Oct to 21:20 on Wed 1 Nov.", "fact": "2023-10-31T16:00:41Z → 2023-11-01T15:49:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:46 on the 31st and 20:38 on the 1st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 31st and is on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2488 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 1 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī (Sankatahara Chaturthi) 2023 falls on Wednesday 1 November. Caturthī runs from 21:31 on Tue 31 Oct to 21:20 on Wed 1 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-11-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ahoyi-ashtami", "festival": "ahoyi-ashtami", "name": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5623, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2023-11-05T01:00:02+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-04T19:30:02Z", "ms": 1699126202014.9597 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-06T03:18:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-05T21:48:47Z", "ms": 1699220927284.2913 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-05T01:00:02+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-04T19:30:02Z", "ms": 1699126202014.9597 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-06T03:18:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-05T21:48:47Z", "ms": 1699220927284.2913 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-04T23:26:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-04T17:56:19Z", "ms": 1699120578841.5671 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-04T23:26:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-04T17:56:19Z", "ms": 1699120578841.5671 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-06T00:20:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-05T18:50:40Z", "ms": 1699210240179.679 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-06T00:20:40+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-05T18:50:40Z", "ms": 1699210240179.679 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 01:00 on Sun 5 Nov to 03:19 on Mon 6 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-04T19:30:02Z → 2023-11-05T21:48:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:26 on the 4th and 00:21 on the 5th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 4th and is on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5623 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 5 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ahoyi-ashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Ahoyi astami (Gujerat) (current at moonrise), Karastami (Maharashtra). If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Ahoyī Aṣṭamī (Ahoi Ashtami) 2023 falls on Sunday 5 November. Aṣṭamī runs from 01:00 on Sun 5 Nov to 03:19 on Mon 6 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ahoyi-ashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-11-09", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ramā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6459, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-11-08T08:23:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-08T02:53:42Z", "ms": 1699412021835.7488 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-09T10:42:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-09T05:12:12Z", "ms": 1699506731630.1165 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-08T08:23:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-08T02:53:42Z", "ms": 1699412021835.7488 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-09T10:42:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-09T05:12:12Z", "ms": 1699506731630.1165 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-08T06:36:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-08T01:06:03Z", "ms": 1699405562536.501 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-08T06:36:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-08T01:06:03Z", "ms": 1699405562536.501 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-09T06:36:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-09T01:06:39Z", "ms": 1699491999053.4424 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-09T06:36:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-09T01:06:39Z", "ms": 1699491999053.4424 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:24 on Wed 8 Nov to 10:42 on Thu 9 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-08T02:53:42Z → 2023-11-09T05:12:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:36 on the 8th and 06:37 on the 9th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 8th and is on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6459 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ramā Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 9 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Ramā Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Thursday 9 November. Ekādaśī runs from 08:24 on Wed 8 Nov to 10:42 on Thu 9 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-11-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/govatsa-dvadashi", "festival": "govatsa-dvadashi", "name": "Govatsa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18473, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 26, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-11-09T10:42:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-09T05:12:12Z", "ms": 1699506731630.1165 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-10T12:36:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-10T07:06:06Z", "ms": 1699599966184.042 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-09T10:42:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-09T05:12:12Z", "ms": 1699506731630.1165 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-10T12:36:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-10T07:06:06Z", "ms": 1699599966184.042 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-09T17:44:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-09T12:14:25Z", "ms": 1699532065431.9478 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-09T19:27:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-09T13:57:28Z", "ms": 1699538248175.1033 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-10T17:43:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-10T12:13:59Z", "ms": 1699618439110.045 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-10T19:27:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-10T13:57:10Z", "ms": 1699624630345.7693 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 10:42 on Thu 9 Nov to 12:36 on Fri 10 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-09T05:12:12Z → 2023-11-10T07:06:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:44–19:27 on the 9th, 17:44–19:27 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 103 of 103 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 103 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 18473 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govatsa Dvādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 9 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govatsa-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 12 Govatsa dvadasi (pradosa vyapini). If occurs on two days, it is to be observed on the first day." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vasu Baras) 2023 falls on Thursday 9 November. Dvādaśī runs from 10:42 on Thu 9 Nov to 12:36 on Fri 10 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/govatsa-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/yama-dipadana", "festival": "yama-dipadana", "name": "Yama Dīpadāna", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13518, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-11-10T12:36:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-10T07:06:06Z", "ms": 1699599966184.042 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-11T13:58:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-11T08:28:16Z", "ms": 1699691296342.3374 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-10T12:36:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-10T07:06:06Z", "ms": 1699599966184.042 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-11T13:58:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-11T08:28:16Z", "ms": 1699691296342.3374 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-10T17:43:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-10T12:13:59Z", "ms": 1699618439110.045 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-10T19:27:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-10T13:57:10Z", "ms": 1699624630345.7693 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-11T17:43:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-11T12:13:34Z", "ms": 1699704814094.2842 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-11T19:26:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-11T13:56:54Z", "ms": 1699711013702.2085 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 12:36 on Fri 10 Nov to 13:58 on Sat 11 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-10T07:06:06Z → 2023-11-11T08:28:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:44–19:27 on the 10th, 17:44–19:27 on the 11th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 103 of 103 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 103 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13518 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dīpadāna, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 10 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dipadana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 13 Yama dipadana (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Yama Dīpadāna 2023 falls on Friday 10 November. Trayodaśī runs from 12:36 on Fri 10 Nov to 13:58 on Sat 11 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/yama-dipadana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-11-10", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13518, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-11-10T12:36:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-10T07:06:06Z", "ms": 1699599966184.042 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-11T13:58:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-11T08:28:16Z", "ms": 1699691296342.3374 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-10T12:36:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-10T07:06:06Z", "ms": 1699599966184.042 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-11T13:58:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-11T08:28:16Z", "ms": 1699691296342.3374 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-10T17:43:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-10T12:13:59Z", "ms": 1699618439110.045 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-10T19:27:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-10T13:57:10Z", "ms": 1699624630345.7693 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-11T17:43:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-11T12:13:34Z", "ms": 1699704814094.2842 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-11T19:26:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-11T13:56:54Z", "ms": 1699711013702.2085 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 12:36 on Fri 10 Nov to 13:58 on Sat 11 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-10T07:06:06Z → 2023-11-11T08:28:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:44–19:27 on the 10th, 17:44–19:27 on the 11th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 103 of 103 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 103 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13518 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 10 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Friday 10 November. Trayodaśī runs from 12:36 on Fri 10 Nov to 13:58 on Sat 11 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-11-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-11-11", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32508, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-11-11T13:58:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-11T08:28:16Z", "ms": 1699691296342.3374 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-12T14:45:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-12T09:15:22Z", "ms": 1699780522315.602 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-11T13:58:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-11T08:28:16Z", "ms": 1699691296342.3374 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-12T14:45:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-12T09:15:22Z", "ms": 1699780522315.602 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-11T23:47:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-11T18:17:03Z", "ms": 1699726622624.0005 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-12T00:35:03+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-11T19:05:03Z", "ms": 1699729502624.0005 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-12T23:47:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-12T18:17:10Z", "ms": 1699813029856.6108 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-13T00:35:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-12T19:05:10Z", "ms": 1699815909856.6108 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:58 on Sat 11 Nov to 14:45 on Sun 12 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-11T08:28:16Z → 2023-11-12T09:15:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:47–00:35 on the 11th, 23:47–00:35 on the 12th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32508 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 11 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śivarātri (Masik Shivaratri) 2023 falls on Saturday 11 November. Caturdaśī runs from 13:58 on Sat 11 Nov to 14:45 on Sun 12 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-11-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/naraka-chaturdashi", "festival": "naraka-chaturdashi", "name": "Naraka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26423, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-11-11T13:58:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-11T08:28:16Z", "ms": 1699691296342.3374 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-12T14:45:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-12T09:15:22Z", "ms": 1699780522315.602 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-11T13:58:16+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-11T08:28:16Z", "ms": 1699691296342.3374 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-12T14:45:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-12T09:15:22Z", "ms": 1699780522315.602 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-11T04:54:42+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-10T23:24:42Z", "ms": 1699658682142.2524 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-11T06:37:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-11T01:07:53Z", "ms": 1699664873377.9768 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-12T04:55:12+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-11T23:25:12Z", "ms": 1699745111545.7927 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-12T06:38:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-12T01:08:31Z", "ms": 1699751311153.717 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:58 on Sat 11 Nov to 14:45 on Sun 12 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-11T08:28:16Z → 2023-11-12T09:15:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 04:55–06:38 on the 11th, 04:55–06:39 on the 12th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 103 minutes on the 11th and 103 of 103 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26423 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Naraka Caturdaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 12 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naraka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Naraka caturdasi (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Naraka Caturdaśī (Choti Diwali) 2023 falls on Sunday 12 November. Caturdaśī runs from 13:58 on Sat 11 Nov to 14:45 on Sun 12 Nov and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/naraka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "festival": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "name": "Lakṣmī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9924, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2023-11-12T14:45:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-12T09:15:22Z", "ms": 1699780522315.602 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-13T14:57:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T09:27:24Z", "ms": 1699867644172.9429 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-12T14:45:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-12T09:15:22Z", "ms": 1699780522315.602 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-13T14:57:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T09:27:24Z", "ms": 1699867644172.9429 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-12T17:43:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-12T12:13:10Z", "ms": 1699791190399.0137 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-12T19:26:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-12T13:56:38Z", "ms": 1699797398254.373 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-13T17:42:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T12:12:48Z", "ms": 1699877568037.1936 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-13T19:26:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T13:56:24Z", "ms": 1699883784010.771 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 14:45 on Sun 12 Nov to 14:57 on Mon 13 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-12T09:15:22Z → 2023-11-13T09:27:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:43–19:27 on the 12th, 17:43–19:26 on the 13th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 103 of 103 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 104 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9924 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pūjā, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 12 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-11-12" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali) 2023 falls on Sunday 12 November. Amāvasyā runs from 14:45 on Sun 12 Nov to 14:57 on Mon 13 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/kali-puja", "festival": "kali-puja", "name": "Kālī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31794, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2023-11-12T14:45:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-12T09:15:22Z", "ms": 1699780522315.602 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-13T14:57:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T09:27:24Z", "ms": 1699867644172.9429 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-12T14:45:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-12T09:15:22Z", "ms": 1699780522315.602 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-13T14:57:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T09:27:24Z", "ms": 1699867644172.9429 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-12T23:47:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-12T18:17:10Z", "ms": 1699813029856.6108 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-13T00:35:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-12T19:05:10Z", "ms": 1699815909856.6108 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-13T23:47:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T18:17:18Z", "ms": 1699899437938.1084 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-14T00:35:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T19:05:18Z", "ms": 1699902317938.1084 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 14:45 on Sun 12 Nov to 14:57 on Mon 13 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-12T09:15:22Z → 2023-11-13T09:27:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:47–00:35 on the 12th, 23:47–00:35 on the 13th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31794 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kālī Pūjā, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 12 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-11-12" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kālī Pūjā 2023 falls on Sunday 12 November. Amāvasyā runs from 14:45 on Sun 12 Nov to 14:57 on Mon 13 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/kali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/bali-puja", "festival": "bali-puja", "name": "Bali Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9924, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2023-11-13T14:57:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T09:27:24Z", "ms": 1699867644172.9429 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-14T14:36:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-14T09:06:52Z", "ms": 1699952811837.1284 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-13T14:57:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T09:27:24Z", "ms": 1699867644172.9429 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-14T14:36:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-14T09:06:52Z", "ms": 1699952811837.1284 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-13T17:42:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T12:12:48Z", "ms": 1699877568037.1936 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-13T19:26:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T13:56:24Z", "ms": 1699883784010.771 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-14T17:42:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-14T12:12:27Z", "ms": 1699963947020.4385 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-14T19:26:11+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-14T13:56:11Z", "ms": 1699970170978.516 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 14:57 on Mon 13 Nov to 14:37 on Tue 14 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-13T09:27:24Z → 2023-11-14T09:06:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:43–19:26 on the 13th, 17:42–19:26 on the 14th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 104 of 104 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 104 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9924 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bali Pūjā, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 13 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Bali Pūjā 2023 falls on Monday 13 November. Pratipadā runs from 14:57 on Mon 13 Nov to 14:37 on Tue 14 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/bali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/govardhana-puja", "festival": "govardhana-puja", "name": "Govardhana Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7304, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2023-11-13T14:57:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T09:27:24Z", "ms": 1699867644172.9429 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-14T14:36:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-14T09:06:52Z", "ms": 1699952811837.1284 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-13T14:57:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T09:27:24Z", "ms": 1699867644172.9429 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-14T14:36:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-14T09:06:52Z", "ms": 1699952811837.1284 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-13T11:46:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T06:16:59Z", "ms": 1699856218675.701 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-13T12:34:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T07:04:59Z", "ms": 1699859098675.701 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-14T11:47:07+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-14T06:17:07Z", "ms": 1699942627429.731 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-14T12:35:07+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-14T07:05:07Z", "ms": 1699945507429.731 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 14:57 on Mon 13 Nov to 14:37 on Tue 14 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-13T09:27:24Z → 2023-11-14T09:06:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:47–12:35 on the 13th, 11:47–12:35 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 7304 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govardhana Pūjā, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 14 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govardhana-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-11-13" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Govardhana Pūjā 2023 falls on Tuesday 14 November. Pratipadā runs from 14:57 on Mon 13 Nov to 14:37 on Tue 14 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. Rashtriya Panchang recorded 13 November (Principal festivals, 2023-24).", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/govardhana-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/dyuta-pratipad", "festival": "dyuta-pratipad", "name": "Dyūta Pratipad", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15371, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2023-11-13T14:57:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T09:27:24Z", "ms": 1699867644172.9429 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-14T14:36:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-14T09:06:52Z", "ms": 1699952811837.1284 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-13T14:57:24+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T09:27:24Z", "ms": 1699867644172.9429 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-14T14:36:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-14T09:06:52Z", "ms": 1699952811837.1284 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-13T06:39:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T01:09:09Z", "ms": 1699837749314.2083 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-13T10:20:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-13T04:50:22Z", "ms": 1699851022221.87 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 221, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-14T06:39:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-14T01:09:48Z", "ms": 1699924187839.0234 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-14T10:20:41+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-14T04:50:41Z", "ms": 1699937440899.495 } }, "covered_min": 221, "window_min": 221, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 14:57 on Mon 13 Nov to 14:37 on Tue 14 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-13T09:27:24Z → 2023-11-14T09:06:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:39–10:20 on the 13th, 06:40–10:21 on the 14th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 221 minutes on the 13th and 221 of 221 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15371 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dyūta Pratipad, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 14 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dyuta-pratipad", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Dyūta Pratipad 2023 falls on Tuesday 14 November. Pratipadā runs from 14:57 on Mon 13 Nov to 14:37 on Tue 14 Nov and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/dyuta-pratipad", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/yama-dvitiya", "festival": "yama-dvitiya", "name": "Yama Dvitīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4354, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2023-11-14T14:36:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-14T09:06:52Z", "ms": 1699952811837.1284 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-15T13:47:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-15T08:17:51Z", "ms": 1700036270771.69 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-14T14:36:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-14T09:06:52Z", "ms": 1699952811837.1284 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-15T13:47:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-15T08:17:51Z", "ms": 1700036270771.69 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-14T11:47:07+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-14T06:17:07Z", "ms": 1699942627429.731 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-14T12:35:07+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-14T07:05:07Z", "ms": 1699945507429.731 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-11-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-15T11:47:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-15T06:17:17Z", "ms": 1700029037032.587 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-15T12:35:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-15T07:05:17Z", "ms": 1700031917032.587 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 14:37 on Tue 14 Nov to 13:48 on Wed 15 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-14T09:06:52Z → 2023-11-15T08:17:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:47–12:35 on the 14th, 11:47–12:35 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 4354 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dvitīyā, Ujjain, 2023: Wednesday 15 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dvitiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Bhratrdvitiya, Yamadvitiya (madhyahna, purvaviddha), Masyadhara (Dwat) puja (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "institution", "institution": { "id": "rashtriya-panchang", "name": "Rashtriya Panchang" }, "local_dates": [ "2023-11-15" ], "statement": "Principal festivals, 2023-24", "source_url": "https://packolkata.imd.gov.in/rashtriya-panchang-english.php", "captured_at": "2026-11-10" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Yama Dvitīyā (Bhai Dooj) 2023 falls on Wednesday 15 November. Dvitīyā runs from 14:37 on Tue 14 Nov to 13:48 on Wed 15 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/yama-dvitiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/naga-chaturthi", "festival": "naga-chaturthi", "name": "Nāga Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-16", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 14, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-11-16T12:35:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-16T07:05:13Z", "ms": 1700118313179.7937 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-17T11:03:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-17T05:33:59Z", "ms": 1700199239104.998 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-16T12:35:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-16T07:05:13Z", "ms": 1700118313179.7937 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-17T11:03:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-17T05:33:59Z", "ms": 1700199239104.998 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-16T11:47:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-16T06:17:27Z", "ms": 1700115447477.1409 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-16T12:35:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-16T07:05:27Z", "ms": 1700118327477.1409 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-11-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-17T11:47:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-17T06:17:39Z", "ms": 1700201858755.2812 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-17T12:35:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-17T07:05:39Z", "ms": 1700204738755.2812 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:35 on Thu 16 Nov to 11:04 on Fri 17 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-16T07:05:13Z → 2023-11-17T05:33:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:47–12:35 on the 16th, 11:48–12:36 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 16 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Naga caturthi (paraviddha and madhyahnavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-16", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-16", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Nāga Caturthī 2023 falls on Thursday 16 November. Caturthī runs from 12:35 on Thu 16 Nov to 11:04 on Fri 17 Nov and covers 0 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It is 0 min 14 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/naga-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-11-16", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-16", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 14, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-11-16T12:35:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-16T07:05:13Z", "ms": 1700118313179.7937 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-17T11:03:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-17T05:33:59Z", "ms": 1700199239104.998 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-16T12:35:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-16T07:05:13Z", "ms": 1700118313179.7937 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-17T11:03:59+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-17T05:33:59Z", "ms": 1700199239104.998 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-16T11:47:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-16T06:17:27Z", "ms": 1700115447477.1409 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-16T12:35:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-16T07:05:27Z", "ms": 1700118327477.1409 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-11-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-17T11:47:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-17T06:17:39Z", "ms": 1700201858755.2812 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-17T12:35:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-17T07:05:39Z", "ms": 1700204738755.2812 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:35 on Thu 16 Nov to 11:04 on Fri 17 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-16T07:05:13Z → 2023-11-17T05:33:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:47–12:35 on the 16th, 11:48–12:36 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 16 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-16", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-16", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vināyaka Caturthī 2023 falls on Thursday 16 November. Caturthī runs from 12:35 on Thu 16 Nov to 11:04 on Fri 17 Nov and covers 0 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It is 0 min 14 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-11-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/surya-shashthi", "festival": "surya-shashthi", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8942, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2023-11-18T09:18:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-18T03:48:49Z", "ms": 1700279328737.8762 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-19T07:23:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-19T01:53:46Z", "ms": 1700358826026.88 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-18T09:18:49+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-18T03:48:49Z", "ms": 1700279328737.8762 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-19T07:23:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-19T01:53:46Z", "ms": 1700358826026.88 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-18T11:47:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-18T06:17:51Z", "ms": 1700288270858.224 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-18T12:35:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-18T07:05:51Z", "ms": 1700291150858.224 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-11-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-19T11:48:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-19T06:18:04Z", "ms": 1700374683776.8154 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-19T12:36:04+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-19T07:06:04Z", "ms": 1700377563776.8154 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 09:19 on Sat 18 Nov to 07:24 on Sun 19 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-18T03:48:49Z → 2023-11-19T01:53:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:48–12:36 on the 18th, 11:48–12:36 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8942 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 18 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Nadi sasthi, Skanda sasthi (Madras), Surya sasthi, Chhat (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Chhath) 2023 falls on Saturday 18 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 09:19 on Sat 18 Nov to 07:24 on Sun 19 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/surya-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/gopashtami", "festival": "gopashtami", "name": "Gopāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23164, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2023-11-20T05:22:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-19T23:52:13Z", "ms": 1700437933321.2087 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-21T03:16:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-20T21:46:56Z", "ms": 1700516816341.7163 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-20T05:22:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-19T23:52:13Z", "ms": 1700437933321.2087 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-21T03:16:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-20T21:46:56Z", "ms": 1700516816341.7163 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-20T11:48:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-20T06:18:18Z", "ms": 1700461097501.7805 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-20T12:36:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-20T07:06:18Z", "ms": 1700463977501.7805 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-11-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-21T11:48:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-21T06:18:32Z", "ms": 1700547512023.897 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-21T12:36:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-21T07:06:32Z", "ms": 1700550392023.897 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 05:22 on Mon 20 Nov to 03:17 on Tue 21 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-19T23:52:13Z → 2023-11-20T21:46:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:48–12:36 on the 20th, 11:49–12:37 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23164 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gopāṣṭamī, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 20 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gopashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Gopāṣṭamī 2023 falls on Monday 20 November. Aṣṭamī runs from 05:22 on Mon 20 Nov to 03:17 on Tue 21 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/gopashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/akshaya-navami", "festival": "akshaya-navami", "name": "Akṣaya Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12449, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2023-11-21T03:16:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-20T21:46:56Z", "ms": 1700516816341.7163 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-22T01:10:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-21T19:40:18Z", "ms": 1700595617854.6833 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-21T03:16:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-20T21:46:56Z", "ms": 1700516816341.7163 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-22T01:10:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-21T19:40:18Z", "ms": 1700595617854.6833 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-21T06:44:26+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-21T01:14:26Z", "ms": 1700529265702.1985 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-21T10:23:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-21T04:53:10Z", "ms": 1700542389916.6643 } }, "covered_min": 219, "window_min": 219, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-11-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-22T06:45:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-22T01:15:06Z", "ms": 1700615706258.3716 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-22T10:23:34+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-22T04:53:34Z", "ms": 1700628813642.173 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 218, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 03:17 on Tue 21 Nov to 01:10 on Wed 22 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-20T21:46:56Z → 2023-11-21T19:40:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:44–10:23 on the 21st, 06:45–10:24 on the 22nd.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 219 of 219 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 218 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12449 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Navamī, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 21 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Akṣaya Navamī (Amla Navami) 2023 falls on Tuesday 21 November. Navamī runs from 03:17 on Tue 21 Nov to 01:10 on Wed 22 Nov and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/akshaya-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/durga-navami", "festival": "durga-navami", "name": "Durgā Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30696, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2023-11-21T03:16:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-20T21:46:56Z", "ms": 1700516816341.7163 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-22T01:10:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-21T19:40:18Z", "ms": 1700595617854.6833 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-21T03:16:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-20T21:46:56Z", "ms": 1700516816341.7163 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-22T01:10:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-21T19:40:18Z", "ms": 1700595617854.6833 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-21T11:48:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-21T06:18:32Z", "ms": 1700547512023.897 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-21T12:36:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-21T07:06:32Z", "ms": 1700550392023.897 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-11-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-22T11:48:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-22T06:18:47Z", "ms": 1700633927334.0737 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-22T12:36:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-22T07:06:47Z", "ms": 1700636807334.0737 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 03:17 on Tue 21 Nov to 01:10 on Wed 22 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-20T21:46:56Z → 2023-11-21T19:40:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 21st, 11:49–12:37 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 30696 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Navamī, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 21 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Durgā Navamī 2023 falls on Tuesday 21 November. Navamī runs from 03:17 on Tue 21 Nov to 01:10 on Wed 22 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/durga-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-11-23", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27670, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-11-22T23:04:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-22T17:34:37Z", "ms": 1700674477136.8066 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-23T21:02:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-23T15:32:31Z", "ms": 1700753551191.205 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-22T23:04:37+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-22T17:34:37Z", "ms": 1700674477136.8066 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-23T21:02:31+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-23T15:32:31Z", "ms": 1700753551191.205 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-23T06:45:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-23T01:15:47Z", "ms": 1700702146952.8994 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-23T06:45:47+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-23T01:15:47Z", "ms": 1700702146952.8994 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-24T06:46:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-24T01:16:28Z", "ms": 1700788587761.0938 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-24T06:46:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-24T01:16:28Z", "ms": 1700788587761.0938 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 23:05 on Wed 22 Nov to 21:03 on Thu 23 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-22T17:34:37Z → 2023-11-23T15:32:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:46 on the 23rd and 06:46 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 23rd and is not on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27670 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 23 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Prabodhinī Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Thursday 23 November. Ekādaśī runs from 23:05 on Wed 22 Nov to 21:03 on Thu 23 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-11-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-11-24", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1043, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-11-24T19:07:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-24T13:37:13Z", "ms": 1700833033245.3772 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-25T17:22:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-25T11:52:44Z", "ms": 1700913164493.713 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-24T19:07:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-24T13:37:13Z", "ms": 1700833033245.3772 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-25T17:22:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-25T11:52:44Z", "ms": 1700913164493.713 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-24T17:40:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-24T12:10:13Z", "ms": 1700827812804.266 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-24T19:25:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-24T13:55:08Z", "ms": 1700834108251.489 } }, "covered_min": 18, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-11-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-25T17:40:07+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-25T12:10:07Z", "ms": 1700914207147.3948 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-25T19:25:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-25T13:55:09Z", "ms": 1700920508810.4358 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 19:07 on Fri 24 Nov to 17:23 on Sat 25 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-24T13:37:13Z → 2023-11-25T11:52:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:40–19:25 on the 24th, 17:40–19:25 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 18 of 105 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 105 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1043 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 24 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Friday 24 November. Trayodaśī runs from 19:07 on Fri 24 Nov to 17:23 on Sat 25 Nov and covers 18 of 105 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-11-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/rasayatra", "festival": "rasayatra", "name": "Rāsayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28581, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2023-11-26T15:53:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-26T10:23:56Z", "ms": 1700994236001.076 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-27T14:46:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-27T09:16:19Z", "ms": 1701076578588.276 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-26T15:53:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-26T10:23:56Z", "ms": 1700994236001.076 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-27T14:46:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-27T09:16:19Z", "ms": 1701076578588.276 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-26T23:50:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-26T18:20:17Z", "ms": 1701022816774.7437 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-27T00:38:17+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-26T19:08:17Z", "ms": 1701025696774.7437 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-11-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-27T23:50:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-27T18:20:36Z", "ms": 1701109235893.1538 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-28T00:38:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-27T19:08:36Z", "ms": 1701112115893.1538 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 15:54 on Sun 26 Nov to 14:46 on Mon 27 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-26T10:23:56Z → 2023-11-27T09:16:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:50–00:38 on the 26th, 23:51–00:39 on the 27th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28581 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāsayātrā, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 26 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rasayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Rāsayātrā 2023 falls on Sunday 26 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 15:54 on Sun 26 Nov to 14:46 on Mon 27 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/rasayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/kartiki-purnima", "festival": "kartiki-purnima", "name": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7683, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2023-11-26T15:53:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-26T10:23:56Z", "ms": 1700994236001.076 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-27T14:46:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-27T09:16:19Z", "ms": 1701076578588.276 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-26T15:53:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-26T10:23:56Z", "ms": 1700994236001.076 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-27T14:46:19+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-27T09:16:19Z", "ms": 1701076578588.276 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-26T11:49:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-26T06:19:56Z", "ms": 1700979596274.342 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-26T12:37:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-26T07:07:56Z", "ms": 1700982476274.342 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-11-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-27T11:50:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-27T06:20:15Z", "ms": 1701066015386.457 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-27T12:38:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-27T07:08:15Z", "ms": 1701068895386.457 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 15:54 on Sun 26 Nov to 14:46 on Mon 27 Nov.", "fact": "2023-11-26T10:23:56Z → 2023-11-27T09:16:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:50–12:38 on the 26th, 11:50–12:38 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7683 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 27 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kartiki-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kārtikī Pūrṇimā 2023 falls on Monday 27 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 15:54 on Sun 26 Nov to 14:46 on Mon 27 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/kartiki-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-11-30", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-11-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20547, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-11-30T14:25:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-30T08:55:32Z", "ms": 1701334531830.2988 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-01T15:31:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-01T10:01:54Z", "ms": 1701424914466.3823 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-11-30T14:25:32+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-30T08:55:32Z", "ms": 1701334531830.2988 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-01T15:31:54+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-01T10:01:54Z", "ms": 1701424914466.3823 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-11-30T20:17:07+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-30T14:47:07Z", "ms": 1701355627014.1682 }, "end": { "local": "2023-11-30T20:17:07+05:30", "utc": "2023-11-30T14:47:07Z", "ms": 1701355627014.1682 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-01T21:14:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-01T15:44:22Z", "ms": 1701445461887.4297 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-01T21:14:22+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-01T15:44:22Z", "ms": 1701445461887.4297 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:26 on Thu 30 Nov to 15:32 on Fri 1 Dec.", "fact": "2023-11-30T08:55:32Z → 2023-12-01T10:01:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:17 on the 30th and 21:14 on the 1st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 30th and is not on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20547 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Thursday 30 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī (Sankatahara Chaturthi) 2023 falls on Thursday 30 November. Caturthī runs from 14:26 on Thu 30 Nov to 15:32 on Fri 1 Dec and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-11-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-12-08", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Utpannā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-12-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1478, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-12-08T05:06:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-07T23:36:45Z", "ms": 1701992204669.3262 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-09T06:31:57+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-09T01:01:57Z", "ms": 1702083716586.5105 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-12-08T05:06:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-07T23:36:45Z", "ms": 1701992204669.3262 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-09T06:31:57+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-09T01:01:57Z", "ms": 1702083716586.5105 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-12-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-08T06:55:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-08T01:25:56Z", "ms": 1701998755611.4783 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-08T06:55:56+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-08T01:25:56Z", "ms": 1701998755611.4783 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-09T06:56:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-09T01:26:35Z", "ms": 1702085194614.0571 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-09T06:56:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-09T01:26:35Z", "ms": 1702085194614.0571 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:07 on Fri 8 Dec to 06:32 on Sat 9 Dec.", "fact": "2023-12-07T23:36:45Z → 2023-12-09T01:01:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:56 on the 8th and 06:57 on the 9th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 8th and is not on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1478 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Utpannā Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Friday 8 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Utpannā Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Friday 8 December. Ekādaśī runs from 05:07 on Fri 8 Dec to 06:32 on Sat 9 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-12-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-12-10", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-12-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37665, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-12-10T07:13:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-10T01:43:50Z", "ms": 1702172630041.2388 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-11T07:10:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-11T01:40:39Z", "ms": 1702258838990.7139 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-12-10T07:13:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-10T01:43:50Z", "ms": 1702172630041.2388 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-11T07:10:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-11T01:40:39Z", "ms": 1702258838990.7139 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-10T17:41:35+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-10T12:11:35Z", "ms": 1702210294566.445 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-10T19:27:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-10T13:57:45Z", "ms": 1702216664804.0444 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-12-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-11T17:41:52+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-11T12:11:52Z", "ms": 1702296711551.4534 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-11T19:28:05+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-11T13:58:05Z", "ms": 1702303084543.9314 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 07:14 on Sun 10 Dec to 07:11 on Mon 11 Dec.", "fact": "2023-12-10T01:43:50Z → 2023-12-11T01:40:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:42–19:28 on the 10th, 17:42–19:28 on the 11th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 106 of 106 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 106 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37665 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 10 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Sunday 10 December. Trayodaśī runs from 07:14 on Sun 10 Dec to 07:11 on Mon 11 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-12-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-12-11", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-12-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20441, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-12-11T07:10:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-11T01:40:39Z", "ms": 1702258838990.7139 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-12T06:24:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-12T00:54:51Z", "ms": 1702342491152.0034 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-12-11T07:10:39+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-11T01:40:39Z", "ms": 1702258838990.7139 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-12T06:24:51+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-12T00:54:51Z", "ms": 1702342491152.0034 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-10T23:55:43+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-10T18:25:43Z", "ms": 1702232742957.4429 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-11T00:43:43+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-10T19:13:43Z", "ms": 1702235622957.4429 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-12-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-11T23:56:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-11T18:26:10Z", "ms": 1702319170273.2456 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-12T00:44:10+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-11T19:14:10Z", "ms": 1702322050273.2456 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 07:11 on Mon 11 Dec to 06:25 on Tue 12 Dec.", "fact": "2023-12-11T01:40:39Z → 2023-12-12T00:54:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:56–00:44 on the 10th, 23:56–00:44 on the 11th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20441 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 11 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śivarātri (Masik Shivaratri) 2023 falls on Monday 11 December. Caturdaśī runs from 07:11 on Mon 11 Dec to 06:25 on Tue 12 Dec and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/shivaratri?on=2023-12-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-12-16", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-12-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26083, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-12-15T22:30:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-15T17:00:55Z", "ms": 1702659654663.5474 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-16T20:00:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-16T14:30:58Z", "ms": 1702737057643.573 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-12-15T22:30:55+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-15T17:00:55Z", "ms": 1702659654663.5474 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-16T20:00:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-16T14:30:58Z", "ms": 1702737057643.573 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-15T11:57:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-15T06:27:45Z", "ms": 1702621665379.1597 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-15T12:45:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-15T07:15:45Z", "ms": 1702624545379.1597 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-12-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-16T11:58:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-16T06:28:15Z", "ms": 1702708094596.1812 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-16T12:46:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-16T07:16:15Z", "ms": 1702710974596.1812 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:31 on Fri 15 Dec to 20:01 on Sat 16 Dec.", "fact": "2023-12-15T17:00:55Z → 2023-12-16T14:30:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:58–12:46 on the 15th, 11:58–12:46 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26083 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 16 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Vināyaka Caturthī 2023 falls on Saturday 16 December. Caturthī runs from 22:31 on Fri 15 Dec to 20:01 on Sat 16 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2023-12-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "festival": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-12-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17214, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2023-12-16T20:00:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-16T14:30:58Z", "ms": 1702737057643.573 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-17T17:33:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-17T12:03:38Z", "ms": 1702814617917.256 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-12-16T20:00:58+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-16T14:30:58Z", "ms": 1702737057643.573 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-17T17:33:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-17T12:03:38Z", "ms": 1702814617917.256 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-12-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-16T11:58:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-16T06:28:15Z", "ms": 1702708094596.1812 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-16T12:46:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-16T07:16:15Z", "ms": 1702710974596.1812 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-12-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-17T11:58:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-17T06:28:44Z", "ms": 1702794524031.7114 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-17T12:46:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-17T07:16:44Z", "ms": 1702797404031.7114 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 20:01 on Sat 16 Dec to 17:34 on Sun 17 Dec.", "fact": "2023-12-16T14:30:58Z → 2023-12-17T12:03:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:58–12:46 on the 16th, 11:59–12:47 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17214 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa), Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 17 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (2nd) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa) 2023 falls on Sunday 17 December. Pañcamī runs from 20:01 on Sat 16 Dec to 17:34 on Sun 17 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/champa-shashthi", "festival": "champa-shashthi", "name": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-12-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8834, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2023-12-17T17:33:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-17T12:03:38Z", "ms": 1702814617917.256 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-18T15:14:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-18T09:44:28Z", "ms": 1702892668084.465 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-12-17T17:33:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-17T12:03:38Z", "ms": 1702814617917.256 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-18T15:14:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-18T09:44:28Z", "ms": 1702892668084.465 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-12-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-17T11:58:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-17T06:28:44Z", "ms": 1702794524031.7114 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-17T12:46:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-17T07:16:44Z", "ms": 1702797404031.7114 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-12-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-18T11:59:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-18T06:29:14Z", "ms": 1702880953648.7063 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-18T12:47:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-18T07:17:14Z", "ms": 1702883833648.7063 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:34 on Sun 17 Dec to 15:14 on Mon 18 Dec.", "fact": "2023-12-17T12:03:38Z → 2023-12-18T09:44:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:59–12:47 on the 17th, 11:59–12:47 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 48 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 8834 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 18 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "champa-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Śatabhiṣaj nakṣatra, Vyatīpāta yoga and a Sunday; none is tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Campā Ṣaṣṭhī 2023 falls on Monday 18 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:34 on Sun 17 Dec to 15:14 on Mon 18 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/champa-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/skanda-shashthi", "festival": "skanda-shashthi", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-12-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8834, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2023-12-17T17:33:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-17T12:03:38Z", "ms": 1702814617917.256 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-18T15:14:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-18T09:44:28Z", "ms": 1702892668084.465 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-12-17T17:33:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-17T12:03:38Z", "ms": 1702814617917.256 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-18T15:14:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-18T09:44:28Z", "ms": 1702892668084.465 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-12-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-17T11:58:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-17T06:28:44Z", "ms": 1702794524031.7114 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-17T12:46:44+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-17T07:16:44Z", "ms": 1702797404031.7114 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-12-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-18T11:59:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-18T06:29:14Z", "ms": 1702880953648.7063 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-18T12:47:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-18T07:17:14Z", "ms": 1702883833648.7063 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:34 on Sun 17 Dec to 15:14 on Mon 18 Dec.", "fact": "2023-12-17T12:03:38Z → 2023-12-18T09:44:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:59–12:47 on the 17th, 11:59–12:47 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 48 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 8834 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī, Ujjain, 2023: Monday 18 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī 2023 falls on Monday 18 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:34 on Sun 17 Dec to 15:14 on Mon 18 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/skanda-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/mitra-saptami", "festival": "mitra-saptami", "name": "Mitra Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-12-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1182, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2023-12-18T15:14:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-18T09:44:28Z", "ms": 1702892668084.465 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-19T13:07:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-19T07:37:25Z", "ms": 1702971445045.59 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-12-18T15:14:28+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-18T09:44:28Z", "ms": 1702892668084.465 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-19T13:07:25+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-19T07:37:25Z", "ms": 1702971445045.59 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-12-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-18T11:59:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-18T06:29:14Z", "ms": 1702880953648.7063 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-18T12:47:14+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-18T07:17:14Z", "ms": 1702883833648.7063 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-12-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-19T11:59:43+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-19T06:29:43Z", "ms": 1702967383411.108 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-19T12:47:43+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-19T07:17:43Z", "ms": 1702970263411.108 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 15:14 on Mon 18 Dec to 13:07 on Tue 19 Dec.", "fact": "2023-12-18T09:44:28Z → 2023-12-19T07:37:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:59–12:47 on the 18th, 12:00–12:48 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 48 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1182 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mitra Saptamī, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 19 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mitra-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Mitra saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Mitra Saptamī 2023 falls on Tuesday 19 December. Saptamī runs from 15:14 on Mon 18 Dec to 13:07 on Tue 19 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/mitra-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-12-23", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-12-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 469, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-12-22T08:17:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-22T02:47:06Z", "ms": 1703213225524.9077 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-23T07:12:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-23T01:42:27Z", "ms": 1703295747119.157 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-12-22T08:17:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-22T02:47:06Z", "ms": 1703213225524.9077 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-23T07:12:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-23T01:42:27Z", "ms": 1703295747119.157 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-12-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-22T07:04:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-22T01:34:09Z", "ms": 1703208848600.673 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-22T07:04:09+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-22T01:34:09Z", "ms": 1703208848600.673 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-12-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-23T07:04:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-23T01:34:38Z", "ms": 1703295277983.0073 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-23T07:04:38+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-23T01:34:38Z", "ms": 1703295277983.0073 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:17 on Fri 22 Dec to 07:12 on Sat 23 Dec.", "fact": "2023-12-22T02:47:06Z → 2023-12-23T01:42:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:04 on the 22nd and 07:05 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 22nd and is on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 469 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 23 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-23", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Mokṣadā Ekādaśī 2023 falls on Saturday 23 December. Ekādaśī runs from 08:17 on Fri 22 Dec to 07:12 on Sat 23 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/ekadashi?on=2023-12-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/akhanda-dvadashi", "festival": "akhanda-dvadashi", "name": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-12-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17356, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-12-23T07:12:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-23T01:42:27Z", "ms": 1703295747119.157 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-24T06:24:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-24T00:54:45Z", "ms": 1703379284522.8328 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-12-23T07:12:27+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-23T01:42:27Z", "ms": 1703295747119.157 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-24T06:24:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-24T00:54:45Z", "ms": 1703379284522.8328 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-12-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-23T12:01:43+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-23T06:31:43Z", "ms": 1703313103232.6462 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-23T12:49:43+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-23T07:19:43Z", "ms": 1703315983232.6462 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-12-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-24T12:02:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-24T06:32:13Z", "ms": 1703399533219.212 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-24T12:50:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-24T07:20:13Z", "ms": 1703402413219.212 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 07:12 on Sat 23 Dec to 06:25 on Sun 24 Dec.", "fact": "2023-12-23T01:42:27Z → 2023-12-24T00:54:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:02–12:50 on the 23rd, 12:02–12:50 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17356 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 23 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akhanda-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Matsya dvadasi, Akhanda dvadasi (paraviddha), Vyanjana dvadasi & Dana dvadasi (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī 2023 falls on Saturday 23 December. Dvādaśī runs from 07:12 on Sat 23 Dec to 06:25 on Sun 24 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/akhanda-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-12-24", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-12-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37304, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2023-12-24T06:24:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-24T00:54:45Z", "ms": 1703379284522.8328 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-25T05:55:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-25T00:25:30Z", "ms": 1703463930355.0554 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-12-24T06:24:45+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-24T00:54:45Z", "ms": 1703379284522.8328 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-25T05:55:30+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-25T00:25:30Z", "ms": 1703463930355.0554 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-12-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-23T17:46:48+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-23T12:16:48Z", "ms": 1703333808482.2852 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-23T19:33:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-23T14:03:15Z", "ms": 1703340194870.5957 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-12-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-24T17:47:20+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-24T12:17:20Z", "ms": 1703420240043.8105 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-24T19:33:46+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-24T14:03:46Z", "ms": 1703426625878.8472 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 06:25 on Sun 24 Dec to 05:56 on Mon 25 Dec.", "fact": "2023-12-24T00:54:45Z → 2023-12-25T00:25:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:47–19:33 on the 23rd, 17:47–19:34 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 106 minutes on the 23rd and 106 of 106 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37304 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 24 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2023 falls on Sunday 24 December. Trayodaśī runs from 06:25 on Sun 24 Dec to 05:56 on Mon 25 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/pradosha-vrata?on=2023-12-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/dattatreyotpatti", "festival": "dattatreyotpatti", "name": "Dattātreyotpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-12-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36778, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2023-12-26T05:47:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-26T00:17:15Z", "ms": 1703549835211.435 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-27T06:03:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-27T00:33:13Z", "ms": 1703637192702.6594 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-12-26T05:47:15+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-26T00:17:15Z", "ms": 1703549835211.435 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-27T06:03:13+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-27T00:33:13Z", "ms": 1703637192702.6594 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-12-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-25T17:47:53+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-25T12:17:53Z", "ms": 1703506672505.8396 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-25T19:34:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-25T14:04:18Z", "ms": 1703513057530.5437 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2023-12-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-26T17:48:26+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-26T12:18:26Z", "ms": 1703593105835.8853 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-26T19:34:50+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-26T14:04:50Z", "ms": 1703599489793.9412 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 05:47 on Tue 26 Dec to 06:03 on Wed 27 Dec.", "fact": "2023-12-26T00:17:15Z → 2023-12-27T00:33:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:48–19:34 on the 25th, 17:48–19:35 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 106 minutes on the 25th and 106 of 106 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36778 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dattātreyotpatti, Ujjain, 2023: Tuesday 26 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dattatreyotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Dattatreyotpatti (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Dattātreyotpatti (Datta Jayanti) 2023 falls on Tuesday 26 December. Pūrṇimā runs from 05:47 on Tue 26 Dec to 06:03 on Wed 27 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/dattatreyotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-12-30", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1253914", "year": 2023, "local_date": "2023-12-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35428, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2023-12-30T09:44:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-30T04:14:18Z", "ms": 1703909658372.568 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-31T11:56:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-31T06:26:08Z", "ms": 1704003968049.628 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2023-12-30T09:44:18+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-30T04:14:18Z", "ms": 1703909658372.568 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-31T11:56:08+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-31T06:26:08Z", "ms": 1704003968049.628 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2023-12-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-30T20:54:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-30T15:24:06Z", "ms": 1703949846202.76 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-30T20:54:06+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-30T15:24:06Z", "ms": 1703949846202.76 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2023-12-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2023-12-31T21:46:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-31T16:16:36Z", "ms": 1704039395585.3882 }, "end": { "local": "2023-12-31T21:46:36+05:30", "utc": "2023-12-31T16:16:36Z", "ms": 1704039395585.3882 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:44 on Sat 30 Dec to 11:56 on Sun 31 Dec.", "fact": "2023-12-30T04:14:18Z → 2023-12-31T06:26:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:54 on the 30th and 21:47 on the 31st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 30th and is not on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35428 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Ujjain, 2023: Saturday 30 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2023-12-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Ujjain, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī (Sankatahara Chaturthi) 2023 falls on Saturday 30 December. Caturthī runs from 09:44 on Sat 30 Dec to 11:56 on Sun 31 Dec and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2023-12-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } } ], "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }