{ "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940", "place": { "id": "1802206", "slug": "lu-an", "name": "Lu’an", "region": "Anhui, China", "country": "CN", "lat": 31.73561, "lon": 116.51688, "elevation_m": 81, "tz": "Asia/Shanghai" }, "year": 1940, "tradition": "smarta", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "rulings": [ { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-01-05", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-01-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34270, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-01-04T21:43:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-04T13:43:38Z", "ms": -946462581597.828 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-05T21:03:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-05T13:03:04Z", "ms": -946378615801.9509 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-01-04T21:43:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-04T13:43:38Z", "ms": -946462581597.828 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-05T21:03:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-05T13:03:04Z", "ms": -946378615801.9509 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-01-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-05T07:14:49+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-04T23:14:49Z", "ms": -946428311460.9357 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-05T07:14:49+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-04T23:14:49Z", "ms": -946428311460.9357 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-01-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-06T07:14:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-05T23:14:57Z", "ms": -946341903103.6809 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-06T07:14:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-05T23:14:57Z", "ms": -946341903103.6809 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:44 on Thu 4 Jan to 21:03 on Fri 5 Jan.", "fact": "1940-01-04T13:43:38Z → 1940-01-05T13:03:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:15 on the 5th and 07:15 on the 6th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 5th and is not on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34270 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 5 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Saphalā Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Friday 5 January. Ekādaśī runs from 21:44 on Thu 4 Jan to 21:03 on Fri 5 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-01-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-01-07", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-01-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5264, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-01-06T20:42:42+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-06T12:42:42Z", "ms": -946293437850.923 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-07T20:43:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-07T12:43:04Z", "ms": -946207015852.8876 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-01-06T20:42:42+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-06T12:42:42Z", "ms": -946293437850.923 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-07T20:43:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-07T12:43:04Z", "ms": -946207015852.8876 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-01-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-06T17:23:48+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-06T09:23:48Z", "ms": -946305371651.8408 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-06T19:14:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-06T11:14:38Z", "ms": -946298721625.4064 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-01-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-07T17:24:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-07T09:24:36Z", "ms": -946218924225.7437 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-07T19:15:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-07T11:15:20Z", "ms": -946212279865.5912 } }, "covered_min": 111, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:43 on Sat 6 Jan to 20:43 on Sun 7 Jan.", "fact": "1940-01-06T12:42:42Z → 1940-01-07T12:43:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:24–19:15 on the 6th, 17:25–19:15 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 111 minutes on the 6th and 111 of 111 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5264 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 7 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Sunday 7 January. Trayodaśī runs from 20:43 on Sat 6 Jan to 20:43 on Sun 7 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-01-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-01-07", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-01-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10239, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-01-07T20:43:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-07T12:43:04Z", "ms": -946207015852.8876 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-08T21:05:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-08T13:05:38Z", "ms": -946119261603.327 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-01-07T20:43:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-07T12:43:04Z", "ms": -946207015852.8876 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-08T21:05:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-08T13:05:38Z", "ms": -946119261603.327 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-01-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-07T23:55:52+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-07T15:55:52Z", "ms": -946195447875.1721 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-08T00:43:52+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-07T16:43:52Z", "ms": -946192567875.1721 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-01-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-08T23:56:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-08T15:56:18Z", "ms": -946109022160.0542 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-09T00:44:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-08T16:44:18Z", "ms": -946106142160.0542 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 20:43 on Sun 7 Jan to 21:06 on Mon 8 Jan.", "fact": "1940-01-07T12:43:04Z → 1940-01-08T13:05:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:56–00:44 on the 7th, 23:56–00:44 on the 8th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10239 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 7 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śivarātri 1940 falls on Sunday 7 January. Caturdaśī runs from 20:43 on Sun 7 Jan to 21:06 on Mon 8 Jan and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-01-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/bhogi", "festival": "bhogi", "name": "Bhogi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4503, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1940-01-14T16:15:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T08:15:24Z", "ms": -945618275517.7494 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-13T05:13:32+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-12T21:13:32Z", "ms": -943065988136.9205 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1940-01-14T16:15:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T08:15:24Z", "ms": -945618275517.7494 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-14T16:15:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T08:15:24Z", "ms": -945618275517.7494 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-13T17:29:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-13T09:29:36Z", "ms": -945700224430.91 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-14T17:30:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T09:30:28Z", "ms": -945613772382.9695 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-14T17:30:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T09:30:28Z", "ms": -945613772382.9695 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-15T17:31:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-15T09:31:20Z", "ms": -945527319866.0461 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1940-01-14", "days": -1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 16:15 on Sun 14 Jan.", "fact": "1940-01-14T08:15:24Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 17:30, and the day of the 15th ends at 17:31.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 4503 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Bhogi is kept the day before Pongal: Sunday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal − 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhogi, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "bhogi", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": -1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1940-01-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1940-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Bhogi 1940 falls on Saturday 13 January. It is kept the day before Pongal, which falls on Sunday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 16:15 on Sun 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/bhogi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-01-13", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23747, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-01-13T02:53:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-12T18:53:57Z", "ms": -945752762758.6752 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-14T05:22:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-13T21:22:58Z", "ms": -945657422476.7294 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-01-13T02:53:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-12T18:53:57Z", "ms": -945752762758.6752 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-14T05:22:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-13T21:22:58Z", "ms": -945657422476.7294 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-13T11:58:21+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-13T03:58:21Z", "ms": -945720098753.8167 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-13T12:46:21+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-13T04:46:21Z", "ms": -945717218753.8167 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-14T11:58:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T03:58:44Z", "ms": -945633675529.6058 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-14T12:46:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T04:46:44Z", "ms": -945630795529.6058 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 02:54 on Sat 13 Jan to 05:23 on Sun 14 Jan.", "fact": "1940-01-12T18:53:57Z → 1940-01-13T21:22:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:58–12:46 on the 13th, 11:59–12:47 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23747 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vināyaka Caturthī 1940 falls on Saturday 13 January. Caturthī runs from 02:54 on Sat 13 Jan to 05:23 on Sun 14 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-01-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pongal", "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4503, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1940-01-14T16:15:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T08:15:24Z", "ms": -945618275517.7494 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-13T05:13:32+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-12T21:13:32Z", "ms": -943065988136.9205 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1940-01-14T16:15:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T08:15:24Z", "ms": -945618275517.7494 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-14T16:15:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T08:15:24Z", "ms": -945618275517.7494 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-13T17:29:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-13T09:29:36Z", "ms": -945700224430.91 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-14T17:30:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T09:30:28Z", "ms": -945613772382.9695 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-14T17:30:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T09:30:28Z", "ms": -945613772382.9695 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-15T17:31:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-15T09:31:20Z", "ms": -945527319866.0461 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 16:15 on Sun 14 Jan.", "fact": "1940-01-14T08:15:24Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 17:30, and the day of the 15th ends at 17:31.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 4503 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pongal, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "pongal", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The rule that heads the solar festivals, the day \"taken to begin from midnight\" (p. 106), is not applied to Pongal. It is kept on the first day of the month of Makara as the Tamil districts count it, a transit after sunset going to the next day (p. 244); the Rashtriya Panchang prints Pongal so.", "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1940-01-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1940-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Pongal 1940 falls on Sunday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 16:15 on Sun 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/makara-sankranti", "festival": "makara-sankranti", "name": "Makara Saṅkrānti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27876, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1940-01-14T16:15:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T08:15:24Z", "ms": -945618275517.7494 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-13T05:13:32+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-12T21:13:32Z", "ms": -943065988136.9205 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1940-01-14T16:15:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T08:15:24Z", "ms": -945618275517.7494 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-14T16:15:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T08:15:24Z", "ms": -945618275517.7494 } }, "kaala": "civil-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-14T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-13T16:00:00Z", "ms": -945676800000 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-15T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T16:00:00Z", "ms": -945590400000 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-15T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T16:00:00Z", "ms": -945590400000 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-16T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-15T16:00:00Z", "ms": -945504000000 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 16:15 on Sun 14 Jan.", "fact": "1940-01-14T08:15:24Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Lu’an.", "fact": "civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · Asia/Shanghai" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 14th, not the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 27876 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Makara Saṅkrānti, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "makara-sankranti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "midnight" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1940-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1940-01-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Makara Saṅkrānti 1940 falls on Sunday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 16:15 on Sun 14 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/makara-sankranti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/mattu-pongal", "festival": "mattu-pongal", "name": "Mattu Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4503, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1940-01-14T16:15:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T08:15:24Z", "ms": -945618275517.7494 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-13T05:13:32+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-12T21:13:32Z", "ms": -943065988136.9205 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1940-01-14T16:15:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T08:15:24Z", "ms": -945618275517.7494 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-14T16:15:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T08:15:24Z", "ms": -945618275517.7494 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-13T17:29:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-13T09:29:36Z", "ms": -945700224430.91 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-14T17:30:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T09:30:28Z", "ms": -945613772382.9695 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-14T17:30:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-14T09:30:28Z", "ms": -945613772382.9695 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-15T17:31:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-15T09:31:20Z", "ms": -945527319866.0461 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1940-01-14", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 16:15 on Sun 14 Jan.", "fact": "1940-01-14T08:15:24Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 17:30, and the day of the 15th ends at 17:31.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 4503 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Mattu Pongal is kept the day after Pongal: Sunday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mattu Pongal, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "mattu-pongal", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1940-01-15", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1940-01-15", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Mattu Pongal 1940 falls on Monday 15 January. It is kept the day after Pongal, which falls on Sunday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 16:15 on Sun 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/mattu-pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-01-21", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-01-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33532, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-01-20T16:59:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-20T08:59:20Z", "ms": -945097239579.0032 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-21T16:32:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-21T08:32:25Z", "ms": -945012454812.7128 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-01-20T16:59:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-20T08:59:20Z", "ms": -945097239579.0032 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-21T16:32:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-21T08:32:25Z", "ms": -945012454812.7128 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-01-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-20T07:13:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-19T23:13:51Z", "ms": -945132369335.7473 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-20T07:13:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-19T23:13:51Z", "ms": -945132369335.7473 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-01-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-21T07:13:33+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-20T23:13:33Z", "ms": -945045987232.001 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-21T07:13:33+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-20T23:13:33Z", "ms": -945045987232.001 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:59 on Sat 20 Jan to 16:32 on Sun 21 Jan.", "fact": "1940-01-20T08:59:20Z → 1940-01-21T08:32:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:14 on the 20th and 07:14 on the 21st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 20th and is on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33532 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 21 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Putradā Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Sunday 21 January. Ekādaśī runs from 16:59 on Sat 20 Jan to 16:32 on Sun 21 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-01-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-01-22", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-01-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8618, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-01-22T15:13:59+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-22T07:13:59Z", "ms": -944930760830.6295 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-23T13:10:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-23T05:10:00Z", "ms": -944851799935.2986 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-01-22T15:13:59+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-22T07:13:59Z", "ms": -944930760830.6295 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-23T13:10:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-23T05:10:00Z", "ms": -944851799935.2986 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-01-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-22T17:37:37+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-22T09:37:37Z", "ms": -944922142732.306 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-22T19:26:19+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-22T11:26:19Z", "ms": -944915620790.5228 } }, "covered_min": 109, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-01-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-23T17:38:32+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-23T09:38:32Z", "ms": -944835687968.9917 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-23T19:27:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-23T11:27:04Z", "ms": -944829176396.7203 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 15:14 on Mon 22 Jan to 13:10 on Tue 23 Jan.", "fact": "1940-01-22T07:13:59Z → 1940-01-23T05:10:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:38–19:26 on the 22nd, 17:39–19:27 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 109 of 109 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 109 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8618 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 22 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Monday 22 January. Trayodaśī runs from 15:14 on Mon 22 Jan to 13:10 on Tue 23 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-01-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-01-27", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-01-27", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2279, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-01-27T21:10:34+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-27T13:10:34Z", "ms": -944477365604.838 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-28T18:04:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-28T10:04:29Z", "ms": -944402131102.4125 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-01-27T21:10:34+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-27T13:10:34Z", "ms": -944477365604.838 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-28T18:04:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-28T10:04:29Z", "ms": -944402131102.4125 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-01-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-27T20:32:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-27T12:32:36Z", "ms": -944479644107.9692 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-27T20:32:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-27T12:32:36Z", "ms": -944479644107.9692 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-01-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-01-28T21:39:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-28T13:39:30Z", "ms": -944389230308.9305 }, "end": { "local": "1940-01-28T21:39:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-01-28T13:39:30Z", "ms": -944389230308.9305 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:11 on Sat 27 Jan to 18:04 on Sun 28 Jan.", "fact": "1940-01-27T13:10:34Z → 1940-01-28T10:04:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:33 on the 27th and 21:39 on the 28th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 27th and is not on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 2279 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 27 January.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-27", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-01-27", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1940 falls on Saturday 27 January. Caturthī runs from 21:11 on Sat 27 Jan to 18:04 on Sun 28 Jan, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-01-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-02-04", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-02-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9150, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-02-03T09:39:41+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-03T01:39:41Z", "ms": -943914019270.3466 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-04T10:04:55+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-04T02:04:55Z", "ms": -943826104509.4329 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-02-03T09:39:41+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-03T01:39:41Z", "ms": -943914019270.3466 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-04T10:04:55+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-04T02:04:55Z", "ms": -943826104509.4329 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-02-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-03T07:07:11+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-02T23:07:11Z", "ms": -943923169387.851 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-03T07:07:11+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-02T23:07:11Z", "ms": -943923169387.851 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-02-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-04T07:06:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-03T23:06:30Z", "ms": -943836809523.0946 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-04T07:06:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-03T23:06:30Z", "ms": -943836809523.0946 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 09:40 on Sat 3 Feb to 10:05 on Sun 4 Feb.", "fact": "1940-02-03T01:39:41Z → 1940-02-04T02:04:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:07 on the 3rd and 07:07 on the 4th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 3rd and is on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9150 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 4 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Sunday 4 February. Ekādaśī runs from 09:40 on Sat 3 Feb to 10:05 on Sun 4 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-02-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-02-05", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-02-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20439, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-02-05T10:55:59+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-05T02:55:59Z", "ms": -943736640806.9122 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-06T12:10:40+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-06T04:10:40Z", "ms": -943645759774.1757 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-02-05T10:55:59+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-05T02:55:59Z", "ms": -943736640806.9122 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-06T12:10:40+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-06T04:10:40Z", "ms": -943645759774.1757 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-02-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-05T17:50:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-05T09:50:25Z", "ms": -943711775003.7926 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-05T19:36:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-05T11:36:22Z", "ms": -943705417540.9625 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-06T17:51:19+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-06T09:51:19Z", "ms": -943625320977.9097 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-06T19:37:03+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-06T11:37:03Z", "ms": -943618976628.9846 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 10:56 on Mon 5 Feb to 12:11 on Tue 6 Feb.", "fact": "1940-02-05T02:55:59Z → 1940-02-06T04:10:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:50–19:36 on the 5th, 17:51–19:37 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 106 of 106 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 106 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20439 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 5 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Monday 5 February. Trayodaśī runs from 10:56 on Mon 5 Feb to 12:11 on Tue 6 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-02-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-02-06", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-02-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36991, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-02-06T12:10:40+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-06T04:10:40Z", "ms": -943645759774.1757 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-07T13:47:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-07T05:47:24Z", "ms": -943553556313.6848 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-02-06T12:10:40+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-06T04:10:40Z", "ms": -943645759774.1757 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-07T13:47:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-07T05:47:24Z", "ms": -943553556313.6848 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-07T00:03:50+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-06T16:03:50Z", "ms": -943602969669.4409 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-07T00:51:50+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-06T16:51:50Z", "ms": -943600089669.4409 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-08T00:03:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-07T16:03:54Z", "ms": -943516565615.8484 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-08T00:51:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-07T16:51:54Z", "ms": -943513685615.8484 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 12:11 on Tue 6 Feb to 13:47 on Wed 7 Feb.", "fact": "1940-02-06T04:10:40Z → 1940-02-07T05:47:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:04–00:52 on the 6th, 00:04–00:52 on the 7th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36991 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 6 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śivarātri 1940 falls on Tuesday 6 February. Caturdaśī runs from 12:11 on Tue 6 Feb to 13:47 on Wed 7 Feb and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-02-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/yama-tarpana", "festival": "yama-tarpana", "name": "Yama Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-02-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18334, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-02-06T12:10:40+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-06T04:10:40Z", "ms": -943645759774.1757 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-07T13:47:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-07T05:47:24Z", "ms": -943553556313.6848 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-02-06T12:10:40+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-06T04:10:40Z", "ms": -943645759774.1757 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-07T13:47:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-07T05:47:24Z", "ms": -943553556313.6848 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-06T05:19:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-05T21:19:09Z", "ms": -943670451495.3975 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-06T07:05:06+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-05T23:05:06Z", "ms": -943664094032.5674 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-07T05:18:37+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-06T21:18:37Z", "ms": -943584082709.8972 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-07T07:04:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-06T23:04:22Z", "ms": -943577738360.9722 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 12:11 on Tue 6 Feb to 13:47 on Wed 7 Feb.", "fact": "1940-02-06T04:10:40Z → 1940-02-07T05:47:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:19–07:05 on the 6th, 05:19–07:04 on the 7th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 106 minutes on the 6th and 106 of 106 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18334 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Tarpaṇa, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 7 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Yama tarpana (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Yama Tarpaṇa 1940 falls on Wednesday 7 February. Caturdaśī runs from 12:11 on Tue 6 Feb to 13:47 on Wed 7 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/yama-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ganesha-jayanti", "festival": "ganesha-jayanti", "name": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī", "everyday": "Maghi Ganesh Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-02-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36319, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-02-11T23:15:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-11T15:15:22Z", "ms": -943173877986.6321 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-13T01:59:10+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-12T17:59:10Z", "ms": -943077649740.0565 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-02-11T23:15:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-11T15:15:22Z", "ms": -943173877986.6321 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-13T01:59:10+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-12T17:59:10Z", "ms": -943077649740.0565 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-02-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-12T12:04:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-12T04:04:29Z", "ms": -943127731154.7726 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-12T12:52:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-12T04:52:29Z", "ms": -943124851154.7726 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-02-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-13T12:04:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-13T04:04:29Z", "ms": -943041331206.308 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-13T12:52:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-13T04:52:29Z", "ms": -943038451206.308 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 23:15 on Sun 11 Feb to 01:59 on Tue 13 Feb.", "fact": "1940-02-11T15:15:22Z → 1940-02-12T17:59:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:04–12:52 on the 12th, 12:04–12:52 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 36319 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 12 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Gaṇeśa Jayantī (Maghi Ganesh Jayanti) 1940 falls on Monday 12 February. Caturthī runs from 23:15 on Sun 11 Feb to 01:59 on Tue 13 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ganesha-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/tila-chaturthi", "festival": "tila-chaturthi", "name": "Tila Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-02-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12900, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-02-11T23:15:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-11T15:15:22Z", "ms": -943173877986.6321 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-13T01:59:10+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-12T17:59:10Z", "ms": -943077649740.0565 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-02-11T23:15:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-11T15:15:22Z", "ms": -943173877986.6321 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-13T01:59:10+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-12T17:59:10Z", "ms": -943077649740.0565 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-11T17:55:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-11T09:55:45Z", "ms": -943193054826.2117 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-11T19:40:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-11T11:40:22Z", "ms": -943186778155.1058 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-02-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-12T17:56:37+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-12T09:56:37Z", "ms": -943106602516.6268 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-12T19:41:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-12T11:41:00Z", "ms": -943100339762.9518 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 23:15 on Sun 11 Feb to 01:59 on Tue 13 Feb.", "fact": "1940-02-11T15:15:22Z → 1940-02-12T17:59:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:56–19:40 on the 11th, 17:57–19:41 on the 12th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 105 minutes on the 11th and 104 of 104 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12900 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Tila Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 12 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "tila-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Tila Caturthī 1940 falls on Monday 12 February. Caturthī runs from 23:15 on Sun 11 Feb to 01:59 on Tue 13 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/tila-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shri-panchami", "festival": "shri-panchami", "name": "Śrī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-02-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27058, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1940-02-13T01:59:10+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-12T17:59:10Z", "ms": -943077649740.0565 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-14T04:33:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-13T20:33:30Z", "ms": -942981989749.077 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-02-13T01:59:10+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-12T17:59:10Z", "ms": -943077649740.0565 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-14T04:33:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-13T20:33:30Z", "ms": -942981989749.077 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-02-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-13T12:04:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-13T04:04:29Z", "ms": -943041331206.308 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-13T12:52:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-13T04:52:29Z", "ms": -943038451206.308 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-14T12:04:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-14T04:04:28Z", "ms": -942954932035.0701 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-14T12:52:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-14T04:52:28Z", "ms": -942952052035.0701 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 01:59 on Tue 13 Feb to 04:34 on Wed 14 Feb.", "fact": "1940-02-12T17:59:10Z → 1940-02-13T20:33:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:04–12:52 on the 13th, 12:04–12:52 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 27058 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Pañcamī, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 13 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śrī Pañcamī 1940 falls on Tuesday 13 February. Pañcamī runs from 01:59 on Tue 13 Feb to 04:34 on Wed 14 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shri-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vasanta-panchami", "festival": "vasanta-panchami", "name": "Vasanta Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-02-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27058, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1940-02-13T01:59:10+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-12T17:59:10Z", "ms": -943077649740.0565 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-14T04:33:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-13T20:33:30Z", "ms": -942981989749.077 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-02-13T01:59:10+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-12T17:59:10Z", "ms": -943077649740.0565 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-14T04:33:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-13T20:33:30Z", "ms": -942981989749.077 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-02-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-13T12:04:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-13T04:04:29Z", "ms": -943041331206.308 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-13T12:52:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-13T04:52:29Z", "ms": -943038451206.308 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-14T12:04:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-14T04:04:28Z", "ms": -942954932035.0701 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-14T12:52:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-14T04:52:28Z", "ms": -942952052035.0701 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 01:59 on Tue 13 Feb to 04:34 on Wed 14 Feb.", "fact": "1940-02-12T17:59:10Z → 1940-02-13T20:33:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:04–12:52 on the 13th, 12:04–12:52 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27058 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasanta Pañcamī, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 13 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasanta-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vasanta Pañcamī 1940 falls on Tuesday 13 February. Pañcamī runs from 01:59 on Tue 13 Feb to 04:34 on Wed 14 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vasanta-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ratha-saptami", "festival": "ratha-saptami", "name": "Ratha Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-02-16", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 723, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1940-02-15T06:45:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-14T22:45:38Z", "ms": -942887662241.7527 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-16T08:23:02+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-16T00:23:02Z", "ms": -942795418429.767 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-02-15T06:45:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-14T22:45:38Z", "ms": -942887662241.7527 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-16T08:23:02+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-16T00:23:02Z", "ms": -942795418429.767 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-02-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-15T05:13:46+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-14T21:13:46Z", "ms": -942893174163.0876 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-15T06:57:40+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-14T22:57:40Z", "ms": -942886939582.9929 } }, "covered_min": 12, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-02-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-16T05:13:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-15T21:13:04Z", "ms": -942806815510.244 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-16T06:56:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-15T22:56:45Z", "ms": -942800595176.0902 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 06:46 on Thu 15 Feb to 08:23 on Fri 16 Feb.", "fact": "1940-02-14T22:45:38Z → 1940-02-16T00:23:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:14–06:58 on the 15th, 05:13–06:57 on the 16th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 12 of 104 minutes on the 15th and 104 of 104 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both dawns qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 723 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ratha Saptamī, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 16 February.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ratha-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Ratha saptami (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise), Acala saptami, Vidhana saptami, Arogya saptami [purvaviddha]." } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-16", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-16", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Ratha Saptamī 1940 falls on Friday 16 February. Saptamī runs from 06:46 on Thu 15 Feb to 08:23 on Fri 16 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn. It also reaches the previous dawn for 12 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ratha-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-02-19", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Jayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-02-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 707, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-02-19T08:24:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-19T00:24:07Z", "ms": -942536152641.1948 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-20T06:41:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-19T22:41:04Z", "ms": -942455935804.653 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-02-19T08:24:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-19T00:24:07Z", "ms": -942536152641.1948 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-20T06:41:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-19T22:41:04Z", "ms": -942455935804.653 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-02-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-19T06:53:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-18T22:53:51Z", "ms": -942541568548.5094 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-19T06:53:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-18T22:53:51Z", "ms": -942541568548.5094 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-02-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-20T06:52:52+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-19T22:52:52Z", "ms": -942455228437.9081 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-20T06:52:52+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-19T22:52:52Z", "ms": -942455228437.9081 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:24 on Mon 19 Feb to 06:41 on Tue 20 Feb.", "fact": "1940-02-19T00:24:07Z → 1940-02-19T22:41:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:54 on the 19th and 06:53 on the 20th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 19th and is not on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 707 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jayā Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 19 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Jayā Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Monday 19 February. Ekādaśī runs from 08:24 on Mon 19 Feb to 06:41 on Tue 20 Feb, and is current at sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-02-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/bhishma-dvadashi", "festival": "bhishma-dvadashi", "name": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-02-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19383, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-02-20T06:41:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-19T22:41:04Z", "ms": -942455935804.653 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-21T04:13:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-20T20:13:20Z", "ms": -942378399553.2998 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-02-20T06:41:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-19T22:41:04Z", "ms": -942455935804.653 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-21T04:13:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-20T20:13:20Z", "ms": -942378399553.2998 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-02-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-20T12:04:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-20T04:04:07Z", "ms": -942436552777.1323 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-20T12:52:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-20T04:52:07Z", "ms": -942433672777.1323 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-02-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-21T12:04:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-21T04:04:01Z", "ms": -942350158744.2361 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-21T12:52:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-21T04:52:01Z", "ms": -942347278744.2361 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 06:41 on Tue 20 Feb to 04:13 on Wed 21 Feb.", "fact": "1940-02-19T22:41:04Z → 1940-02-20T20:13:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:04–12:52 on the 20th, 12:04–12:52 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 19383 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 20 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhishma-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Bhisma dvadasi (purvaviddha), Amalaki dvadasi, Santana dvadasi, Varaha dvadasi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Bhīṣma Dvādaśī 1940 falls on Tuesday 20 February. Dvādaśī runs from 06:41 on Tue 20 Feb to 04:13 on Wed 21 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/bhishma-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-02-21", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-02-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19389, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-02-21T04:13:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-20T20:13:20Z", "ms": -942378399553.2998 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-22T01:09:34+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-21T17:09:34Z", "ms": -942303026042.6909 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-02-21T04:13:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-20T20:13:20Z", "ms": -942378399553.2998 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-22T01:09:34+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-21T17:09:34Z", "ms": -942303026042.6909 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-02-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-20T18:03:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-20T10:03:23Z", "ms": -942414997116.3566 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-20T19:45:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-20T11:45:51Z", "ms": -942408849410.8278 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-02-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-21T18:04:12+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-21T10:04:12Z", "ms": -942328548163.5815 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-21T19:46:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-21T11:46:25Z", "ms": -942322415232.0502 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 04:13 on Wed 21 Feb to 01:10 on Thu 22 Feb.", "fact": "1940-02-20T20:13:20Z → 1940-02-21T17:09:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:03–19:46 on the 20th, 18:04–19:46 on the 21st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 102 minutes on the 20th and 102 of 102 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19389 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 21 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Wednesday 21 February. Trayodaśī runs from 04:13 on Wed 21 Feb to 01:10 on Thu 22 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-02-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/maghi-purnima", "festival": "maghi-purnima", "name": "Māghī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-02-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18219, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1940-02-22T21:39:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-22T13:39:57Z", "ms": -942229203426.7823 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-23T17:55:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-23T09:55:26Z", "ms": -942156273723.097 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-02-22T21:39:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-22T13:39:57Z", "ms": -942229203426.7823 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-23T17:55:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-23T09:55:26Z", "ms": -942156273723.097 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-02-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-22T12:03:55+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-22T04:03:55Z", "ms": -942263765385.9882 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-22T12:51:55+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-22T04:51:55Z", "ms": -942260885385.9882 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-02-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-23T12:03:47+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-23T04:03:47Z", "ms": -942177372682.8955 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-23T12:51:47+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-23T04:51:47Z", "ms": -942174492682.8955 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 21:40 on Thu 22 Feb to 17:55 on Fri 23 Feb.", "fact": "1940-02-22T13:39:57Z → 1940-02-23T09:55:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:04–12:52 on the 22nd, 12:04–12:52 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18219 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Māghī Pūrṇimā, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 23 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maghi-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Maghi purnima (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Māghī Pūrṇimā 1940 falls on Friday 23 February. Pūrṇimā runs from 21:40 on Thu 22 Feb to 17:55 on Fri 23 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/maghi-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-02-26", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-02-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23408, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-02-26T07:01:56+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-25T23:01:56Z", "ms": -941936283916.1154 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-27T04:04:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-26T20:04:01Z", "ms": -941860559233.1957 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-02-26T07:01:56+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-25T23:01:56Z", "ms": -941936283916.1154 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-27T04:04:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-26T20:04:01Z", "ms": -941860559233.1957 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-02-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-25T20:26:27+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-25T12:26:27Z", "ms": -941974412615.9518 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-25T20:26:27+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-25T12:26:27Z", "ms": -941974412615.9518 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-02-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-02-26T21:33:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-26T13:33:53Z", "ms": -941883967491.0862 }, "end": { "local": "1940-02-26T21:33:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-02-26T13:33:53Z", "ms": -941883967491.0862 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:02 on Mon 26 Feb to 04:04 on Tue 27 Feb.", "fact": "1940-02-25T23:01:56Z → 1940-02-26T20:04:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:26 on the 25th and 21:34 on the 26th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 25th and is on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23408 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 26 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-02-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1940 falls on Monday 26 February. Caturthī runs from 07:02 on Mon 26 Feb to 04:04 on Tue 27 Feb and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-02-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-03-04", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Vijayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-03-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19437, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-03-03T23:45:49+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-03T15:45:49Z", "ms": -941357650952.489 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-05T01:13:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-04T17:13:26Z", "ms": -941265993733.6512 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-03-03T23:45:49+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-03T15:45:49Z", "ms": -941357650952.489 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-05T01:13:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-04T17:13:26Z", "ms": -941265993733.6512 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-03-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-04T06:38:34+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-03T22:38:34Z", "ms": -941332885746.0212 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-04T06:38:34+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-03T22:38:34Z", "ms": -941332885746.0212 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-03-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-05T06:37:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-04T22:37:23Z", "ms": -941246556625.0466 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-05T06:37:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-04T22:37:23Z", "ms": -941246556625.0466 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 23:46 on Sun 3 Mar to 01:13 on Tue 5 Mar.", "fact": "1940-03-03T15:45:49Z → 1940-03-04T17:13:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:39 on the 4th and 06:37 on the 5th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 4th and is not on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19437 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 4 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vijayā Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Monday 4 March. Ekādaśī runs from 23:46 on Sun 3 Mar to 01:13 on Tue 5 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-03-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-03-06", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-03-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26002, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-03-06T03:06:34+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-05T19:06:34Z", "ms": -941172806378.1749 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-07T05:19:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-06T21:19:24Z", "ms": -941078435798.2402 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-03-06T03:06:34+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-05T19:06:34Z", "ms": -941172806378.1749 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-07T05:19:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-06T21:19:24Z", "ms": -941078435798.2402 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-03-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-05T18:14:16+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-05T10:14:16Z", "ms": -941204744023.7139 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-05T19:53:11+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-05T11:53:11Z", "ms": -941198808561.8816 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-03-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-06T18:15:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-06T10:15:00Z", "ms": -941118299798.3307 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-06T19:53:40+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-06T11:53:40Z", "ms": -941112379828.3179 } }, "covered_min": 99, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 03:07 on Wed 6 Mar to 05:19 on Thu 7 Mar.", "fact": "1940-03-05T19:06:34Z → 1940-03-06T21:19:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:14–19:53 on the 5th, 18:15–19:54 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 99 minutes on the 5th and 99 of 99 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26002 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 6 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Wednesday 6 March. Trayodaśī runs from 03:07 on Wed 6 Mar to 05:19 on Thu 7 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-03-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/maha-shivaratri", "festival": "maha-shivaratri", "name": "Mahāśivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-03-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16224, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-03-07T05:19:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-06T21:19:24Z", "ms": -941078435798.2402 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-08T07:46:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-07T23:46:30Z", "ms": -940983209836.0431 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-03-07T05:19:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-06T21:19:24Z", "ms": -941078435798.2402 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-08T07:46:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-07T23:46:30Z", "ms": -940983209836.0431 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-03-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-07T00:01:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-06T16:01:00Z", "ms": -941097539910.7825 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-07T00:49:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-06T16:49:00Z", "ms": -941094659910.7825 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-03-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-08T00:00:46+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-07T16:00:46Z", "ms": -941011154176.9673 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-08T00:48:46+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-07T16:48:46Z", "ms": -941008274176.9673 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:19 on Thu 7 Mar to 07:47 on Fri 8 Mar.", "fact": "1940-03-06T21:19:24Z → 1940-03-07T23:46:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:01–00:49 on the 6th, 00:01–00:49 on the 7th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 16224 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāśivarātri, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 7 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maha-shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day" } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Mahāśivarātri 1940 falls on Thursday 7 March. Caturdaśī runs from 05:19 on Thu 7 Mar to 07:47 on Fri 8 Mar and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/maha-shivaratri", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-03-13", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-03-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19091, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-03-12T18:06:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-12T10:06:18Z", "ms": -940600422141.0476 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-13T20:15:17+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-13T12:15:17Z", "ms": -940506282802.2201 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-03-12T18:06:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-12T10:06:18Z", "ms": -940600422141.0476 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-13T20:15:17+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-13T12:15:17Z", "ms": -940506282802.2201 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-03-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-12T12:00:06+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-12T04:00:06Z", "ms": -940622393604.0808 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-12T12:48:06+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-12T04:48:06Z", "ms": -940619513604.0808 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-03-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-13T11:59:50+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-13T03:59:50Z", "ms": -940536009733.9279 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-13T12:47:50+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-13T04:47:50Z", "ms": -940533129733.9279 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 18:06 on Tue 12 Mar to 20:15 on Wed 13 Mar.", "fact": "1940-03-12T10:06:18Z → 1940-03-13T12:15:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:00–12:48 on the 12th, 12:00–12:48 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19091 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 13 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vināyaka Caturthī 1940 falls on Wednesday 13 March. Caturthī runs from 18:06 on Tue 12 Mar to 20:15 on Wed 13 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-03-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-03-20", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-03-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36632, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-03-19T20:08:17+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-19T12:08:17Z", "ms": -939988303032.6898 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-20T17:36:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-20T09:36:04Z", "ms": -939911035996.2975 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-03-19T20:08:17+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-19T12:08:17Z", "ms": -939988303032.6898 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-20T17:36:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-20T09:36:04Z", "ms": -939911035996.2975 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-03-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-20T06:18:49+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-19T22:18:49Z", "ms": -939951671335.2819 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-20T06:18:49+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-19T22:18:49Z", "ms": -939951671335.2819 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-03-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-21T06:17:32+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-20T22:17:32Z", "ms": -939865347844.0415 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-21T06:17:32+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-20T22:17:32Z", "ms": -939865347844.0415 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:08 on Tue 19 Mar to 17:36 on Wed 20 Mar.", "fact": "1940-03-19T12:08:17Z → 1940-03-20T09:36:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:19 on the 20th and 06:18 on the 21st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36632 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 20 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Āmalakī Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Wednesday 20 March. Ekādaśī runs from 20:08 on Tue 19 Mar to 17:36 on Wed 20 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-03-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-03-21", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-03-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14053, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-03-21T14:31:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-21T06:31:20Z", "ms": -939835720339.4117 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-22T11:02:46+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-22T03:02:46Z", "ms": -939761833775.7719 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-03-21T14:31:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-21T06:31:20Z", "ms": -939835720339.4117 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-22T11:02:46+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-22T03:02:46Z", "ms": -939761833775.7719 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-03-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-21T18:25:32+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-21T10:25:32Z", "ms": -939821667599.935 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-21T20:00:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-21T12:00:18Z", "ms": -939815981848.441 } }, "covered_min": 95, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-03-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-22T18:26:13+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-22T10:26:13Z", "ms": -939735227109.8888 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-22T20:00:43+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-22T12:00:43Z", "ms": -939729556983.5997 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:31 on Thu 21 Mar to 11:03 on Fri 22 Mar.", "fact": "1940-03-21T06:31:20Z → 1940-03-22T03:02:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:26–20:00 on the 21st, 18:26–20:01 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 95 of 95 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 95 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14053 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 21 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Thursday 21 March. Trayodaśī runs from 14:31 on Thu 21 Mar to 11:03 on Fri 22 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-03-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/holika-dahana", "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-03-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31228, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1940-03-23T07:20:02+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-22T23:20:02Z", "ms": -939688797650.6874 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-24T03:33:15+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-23T19:33:15Z", "ms": -939616005174.9121 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-03-23T07:20:02+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-22T23:20:02Z", "ms": -939688797650.6874 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-24T03:33:15+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-23T19:33:15Z", "ms": -939616005174.9121 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-23T16:00:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-23T08:00:30Z", "ms": -939657569633.5349 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-23T18:26:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-23T10:26:53Z", "ms": -939648786751.2385 } }, "covered_min": 146, "window_min": 146, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-24T16:00:47+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-24T08:00:47Z", "ms": -939571152785.8602 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-24T18:27:33+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-24T10:27:33Z", "ms": -939562346505.1072 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 07:20 on Sat 23 Mar to 03:33 on Sun 24 Mar.", "fact": "1940-03-22T23:20:02Z → 1940-03-23T19:33:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:01–18:27 on the 23rd, 16:01–18:28 on the 24th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 146 of 146 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 147 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31228 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holikā Dahana, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 23 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holika-dahana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "not_evaluated": "The hour the row gives for the rite (\"it should be observed on second half of purnima at night\") is not tested: sāyāhna alone settles the day.", "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Holikā Dahana 1940 falls on Saturday 23 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 07:20 on Sat 23 Mar to 03:33 on Sun 24 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/holika-dahana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/holi", "festival": "holi", "name": "Holī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-03-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31228, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1940-03-23T07:20:02+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-22T23:20:02Z", "ms": -939688797650.6874 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-24T03:33:15+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-23T19:33:15Z", "ms": -939616005174.9121 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-03-23T07:20:02+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-22T23:20:02Z", "ms": -939688797650.6874 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-24T03:33:15+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-23T19:33:15Z", "ms": -939616005174.9121 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-23T16:00:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-23T08:00:30Z", "ms": -939657569633.5349 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-23T18:26:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-23T10:26:53Z", "ms": -939648786751.2385 } }, "covered_min": 146, "window_min": 146, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-24T16:00:47+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-24T08:00:47Z", "ms": -939571152785.8602 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-24T18:27:33+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-24T10:27:33Z", "ms": -939562346505.1072 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": false } ], "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "local_date": "1940-03-23", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 07:20 on Sat 23 Mar to 03:33 on Sun 24 Mar.", "fact": "1940-03-22T23:20:02Z → 1940-03-23T19:33:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:01–18:27 on the 23rd, 16:01–18:28 on the 24th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 146 of 146 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 147 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31228 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Holī is kept the day after Holikā Dahana: Saturday 23 March is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: holika-dahana + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 24 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holi", "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Holī 1940 falls on Sunday 24 March. It is kept the day after Holikā Dahana, which falls on Saturday 23 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 07:20 on Sat 23 Mar to 03:33 on Sun 24 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna on the 23rd.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/holi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vasantotsava", "festival": "vasantotsava", "name": "Vasantotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-03-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9627, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 15, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1940-03-24T03:33:15+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-23T19:33:15Z", "ms": -939616005174.9121 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-24T23:52:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-24T15:52:36Z", "ms": -939542844073.9293 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-03-24T03:33:15+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-23T19:33:15Z", "ms": -939616005174.9121 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-24T23:52:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-24T15:52:36Z", "ms": -939542844073.9293 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-24T06:13:42+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-23T22:13:42Z", "ms": -939606377908.8723 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-24T06:13:42+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-23T22:13:42Z", "ms": -939606377908.8723 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-25T06:12:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-24T22:12:25Z", "ms": -939520054669.7891 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-25T06:12:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-24T22:12:25Z", "ms": -939520054669.7891 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 03:33 on Sun 24 Mar to 23:53 on Sun 24 Mar.", "fact": "1940-03-23T19:33:15Z → 1940-03-24T15:52:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:14 on the 24th and 06:12 on the 25th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be current at sunrise. It is on the 24th and is not on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 9627 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasantotsava, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 24 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasantotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 1 Vasantotsava (current at sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vasantotsava 1940 falls on Sunday 24 March. Pratipadā runs from 03:33 on Sun 24 Mar to 23:53 on Sun 24 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vasantotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-03-26", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-03-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14159, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-03-26T17:28:59+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-26T09:28:59Z", "ms": -939393060717.4001 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-27T15:03:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-27T07:03:45Z", "ms": -939315375050.9362 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-03-26T17:28:59+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-26T09:28:59Z", "ms": -939393060717.4001 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-27T15:03:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-27T07:03:45Z", "ms": -939315375050.9362 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-03-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-26T21:24:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-26T13:24:58Z", "ms": -939378901589.7058 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-26T21:24:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-26T13:24:58Z", "ms": -939378901589.7058 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-03-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-27T22:28:50+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-27T14:28:50Z", "ms": -939288669982.7205 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-27T22:28:50+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-27T14:28:50Z", "ms": -939288669982.7205 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 17:29 on Tue 26 Mar to 15:04 on Wed 27 Mar.", "fact": "1940-03-26T09:28:59Z → 1940-03-27T07:03:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:25 on the 26th and 22:29 on the 27th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 26th and is not on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14159 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 26 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1940 falls on Tuesday 26 March. Caturthī runs from 17:29 on Tue 26 Mar to 15:04 on Wed 27 Mar and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-03-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shitalashtami", "festival": "shitalashtami", "name": "Śītalāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-03-30", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 18, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1940-03-30T12:07:59+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-30T04:07:59Z", "ms": -939066721007.1356 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-31T12:42:12+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-31T04:42:12Z", "ms": -938978268189.978 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-03-30T12:07:59+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-30T04:07:59Z", "ms": -939066721007.1356 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-31T12:42:12+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-31T04:42:12Z", "ms": -938978268189.978 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-03-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-30T11:54:48+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-30T03:54:48Z", "ms": -939067511996.1343 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-30T12:42:48+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-30T04:42:48Z", "ms": -939064631996.1343 } }, "covered_min": 35, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-03-31T11:54:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-31T03:54:30Z", "ms": -938981130132.0583 }, "end": { "local": "1940-03-31T12:42:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-03-31T04:42:30Z", "ms": -938978250132.0583 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 12:08 on Sat 30 Mar to 12:42 on Sun 31 Mar.", "fact": "1940-03-30T04:07:59Z → 1940-03-31T04:42:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:55–12:43 on the 30th, 11:54–12:42 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 35 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 18 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalāṣṭamī, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 30 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitalashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Sitalastami, (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-30", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śītalāṣṭamī 1940 falls on Saturday 30 March. Aṣṭamī runs from 12:08 on Sat 30 Mar to 12:42 on Sun 31 Mar and covers 35 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken. It is 0 min 18 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shitalashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-04-03", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-04-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35194, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-04-02T15:48:48+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-02T07:48:48Z", "ms": -938794271556.3448 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-03T18:05:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-03T10:05:01Z", "ms": -938699698762.4691 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-04-02T15:48:48+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-02T07:48:48Z", "ms": -938794271556.3448 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-03T18:05:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-03T10:05:01Z", "ms": -938699698762.4691 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-04-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-02T06:02:14+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-01T22:02:14Z", "ms": -938829465529.9633 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-02T06:02:14+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-01T22:02:14Z", "ms": -938829465529.9633 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-04-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-03T06:00:59+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-02T22:00:59Z", "ms": -938743141043.5044 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-03T06:00:59+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-02T22:00:59Z", "ms": -938743141043.5044 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:49 on Tue 2 Apr to 18:05 on Wed 3 Apr.", "fact": "1940-04-02T07:48:48Z → 1940-04-03T10:05:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:02 on the 2nd and 06:01 on the 3rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 2nd and is on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35194 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 3 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Wednesday 3 April. Ekādaśī runs from 15:49 on Tue 2 Apr to 18:05 on Wed 3 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-04-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-04-05", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-04-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1860, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-04-04T20:37:02+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-04T12:37:02Z", "ms": -938604178214.6615 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-05T23:15:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-05T15:15:20Z", "ms": -938508279516.8857 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-04-04T20:37:02+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-04T12:37:02Z", "ms": -938604178214.6615 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-05T23:15:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-05T15:15:20Z", "ms": -938508279516.8857 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-04T18:34:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-04T10:34:53Z", "ms": -938611506717.3431 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-04T20:06:02+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-04T12:06:02Z", "ms": -938606037982.549 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-05T18:35:33+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-05T10:35:33Z", "ms": -938525066709.8667 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-05T20:06:27+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-05T12:06:27Z", "ms": -938519613255.7134 } }, "covered_min": 91, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:37 on Thu 4 Apr to 23:15 on Fri 5 Apr.", "fact": "1940-04-04T12:37:02Z → 1940-04-05T15:15:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:35–20:06 on the 4th, 18:36–20:06 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 91 minutes on the 4th and 91 of 91 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1860 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 5 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-05", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Friday 5 April. Trayodaśī runs from 20:37 on Thu 4 Apr to 23:15 on Fri 5 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-04-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-04-05", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-04-05", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2223, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-04-05T23:15:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-05T15:15:20Z", "ms": -938508279516.8857 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-07T01:51:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-06T17:51:29Z", "ms": -938412510536.8501 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-04-05T23:15:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-05T15:15:20Z", "ms": -938508279516.8857 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-07T01:51:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-06T17:51:29Z", "ms": -938412510536.8501 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-05T23:52:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-05T15:52:24Z", "ms": -938506056256.7917 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-06T00:40:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-05T16:40:24Z", "ms": -938503176256.7917 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-06T23:52:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-06T15:52:07Z", "ms": -938419673354.1323 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-07T00:40:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-06T16:40:07Z", "ms": -938416793354.1323 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 23:15 on Fri 5 Apr to 01:51 on Sun 7 Apr.", "fact": "1940-04-05T15:15:20Z → 1940-04-06T17:51:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:52–00:40 on the 5th, 23:52–00:40 on the 6th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both nights qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 2223 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 5 April.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-05", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-05", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śivarātri 1940 falls on Friday 5 April. Caturdaśī runs from 23:15 on Fri 5 Apr to 01:51 on Sun 7 Apr and covers all of niśītha that night. It also reaches the next night for 48 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-04-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "festival": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "name": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra)", "everyday": "Chaitra Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-04-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19318, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1940-04-08T04:18:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-07T20:18:20Z", "ms": -938317300451.7526 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-09T06:29:55+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-08T22:29:55Z", "ms": -938223005218.4594 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-04-08T04:18:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-07T20:18:20Z", "ms": -938317300451.7526 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-09T06:29:55+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-08T22:29:55Z", "ms": -938223005218.4594 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-08T11:52:10+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-08T03:52:10Z", "ms": -938290070169.9683 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-08T12:40:10+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-08T04:40:10Z", "ms": -938287190169.9683 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-09T11:51:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-09T03:51:53Z", "ms": -938203686800.9333 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-09T12:39:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-09T04:39:53Z", "ms": -938200806800.9333 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 04:18 on Mon 8 Apr to 06:30 on Tue 9 Apr.", "fact": "1940-04-07T20:18:20Z → 1940-04-08T22:29:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:52–12:40 on the 8th, 11:52–12:40 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19318 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra), Lu’an, 1940: Monday 8 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Navarātrārambha (Caitra) (Chaitra Navratri) 1940 falls on Monday 8 April. Pratipadā runs from 04:18 on Mon 8 Apr to 06:30 on Tue 9 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/gauri-tritiya", "festival": "gauri-tritiya", "name": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Gangaur", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-04-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7402, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1940-04-10T08:21:15+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-10T00:21:15Z", "ms": -938129924941.1343 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-11T09:47:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-11T01:47:58Z", "ms": -938038321502.3201 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-04-10T08:21:15+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-10T00:21:15Z", "ms": -938129924941.1343 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-11T09:47:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-11T01:47:58Z", "ms": -938038321502.3201 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-10T11:51:37+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-10T03:51:37Z", "ms": -938117303188.2874 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-10T12:39:37+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-10T04:39:37Z", "ms": -938114423188.2874 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-11T11:51:21+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-11T03:51:21Z", "ms": -938030919318.2578 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-11T12:39:21+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-11T04:39:21Z", "ms": -938028039318.2578 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 08:21 on Wed 10 Apr to 09:48 on Thu 11 Apr.", "fact": "1940-04-10T00:21:15Z → 1940-04-11T01:47:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:52–12:40 on the 10th, 11:51–12:39 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7402 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 10 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gauri-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Gaurī Tṛtīyā (Gangaur) 1940 falls on Wednesday 10 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 08:21 on Wed 10 Apr to 09:48 on Thu 11 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/gauri-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-04-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7402, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1940-04-10T08:21:15+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-10T00:21:15Z", "ms": -938129924941.1343 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-11T09:47:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-11T01:47:58Z", "ms": -938038321502.3201 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-04-10T08:21:15+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-10T00:21:15Z", "ms": -938129924941.1343 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-11T09:47:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-11T01:47:58Z", "ms": -938038321502.3201 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-10T11:51:37+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-10T03:51:37Z", "ms": -938117303188.2874 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-10T12:39:37+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-10T04:39:37Z", "ms": -938114423188.2874 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-11T11:51:21+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-11T03:51:21Z", "ms": -938030919318.2578 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-11T12:39:21+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-11T04:39:21Z", "ms": -938028039318.2578 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 08:21 on Wed 10 Apr to 09:48 on Thu 11 Apr.", "fact": "1940-04-10T00:21:15Z → 1940-04-11T01:47:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:52–12:40 on the 10th, 11:51–12:39 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7402 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 10 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata 1940 falls on Wednesday 10 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 08:21 on Wed 10 Apr to 09:48 on Thu 11 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-04-11", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-04-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3892, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-04-11T09:47:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-11T01:47:58Z", "ms": -938038321502.3201 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-12T10:46:12+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-12T02:46:12Z", "ms": -937948427637.9891 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-04-11T09:47:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-11T01:47:58Z", "ms": -938038321502.3201 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-12T10:46:12+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-12T02:46:12Z", "ms": -937948427637.9891 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-11T11:51:21+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-11T03:51:21Z", "ms": -938030919318.2578 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-11T12:39:21+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-11T04:39:21Z", "ms": -938028039318.2578 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-12T11:51:05+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-12T03:51:05Z", "ms": -937944535177.2849 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-12T12:39:05+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-12T04:39:05Z", "ms": -937941655177.2849 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:48 on Thu 11 Apr to 10:46 on Fri 12 Apr.", "fact": "1940-04-11T01:47:58Z → 1940-04-12T02:46:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:51–12:39 on the 11th, 11:51–12:39 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3892 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 11 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vināyaka Caturthī 1940 falls on Thursday 11 April. Caturthī runs from 09:48 on Thu 11 Apr to 10:46 on Fri 12 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-04-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/lakshmi-panchami", "festival": "lakshmi-panchami", "name": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-04-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2293, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1940-04-12T10:46:12+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-12T02:46:12Z", "ms": -937948427637.9891 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-13T11:12:37+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-13T03:12:37Z", "ms": -937860443488.856 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-04-12T10:46:12+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-12T02:46:12Z", "ms": -937948427637.9891 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-13T11:12:37+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-13T03:12:37Z", "ms": -937860443488.856 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-12T11:51:05+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-12T03:51:05Z", "ms": -937944535177.2849 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-12T12:39:05+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-12T04:39:05Z", "ms": -937941655177.2849 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-13T11:50:49+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-13T03:50:49Z", "ms": -937858150751.9133 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-13T12:38:49+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-13T04:38:49Z", "ms": -937855270751.9133 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 10:46 on Fri 12 Apr to 11:13 on Sat 13 Apr.", "fact": "1940-04-12T02:46:12Z → 1940-04-13T03:12:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:51–12:39 on the 12th, 11:51–12:39 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 2293 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 12 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "lakshmi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri pancami or Laksmi pancami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Lakṣmī Pañcamī 1940 falls on Friday 12 April. Pañcamī runs from 10:46 on Fri 12 Apr to 11:13 on Sat 13 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/lakshmi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vaishakhi", "festival": "vaishakhi", "name": "Vaiśākhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17307, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 0, "key": "mesha", "name": "Meṣa", "start": { "local": "1940-04-13T10:37:11+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-13T02:37:11Z", "ms": -937862569182.7252 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-14T07:32:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-13T23:32:07Z", "ms": -935195272765.7612 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1940-04-13T10:37:11+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-13T02:37:11Z", "ms": -937862569182.7252 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-13T10:37:11+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-13T02:37:11Z", "ms": -937862569182.7252 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-12T05:49:55+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-11T21:49:55Z", "ms": -937966205016.741 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-13T05:48:43+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-12T21:48:43Z", "ms": -937879876591.0991 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-13T05:48:43+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-12T21:48:43Z", "ms": -937879876591.0991 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-14T05:47:32+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-13T21:47:32Z", "ms": -937793547633.5675 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Meṣa at 10:37 on Sat 13 Apr.", "fact": "1940-04-13T02:37:11Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 05:50 on the 12th, and from 05:49 on the 13th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from sunrise. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunrise → only-day · margin 17307 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaiśākhī, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "vaishakhi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Mesadi — Cadaka puja (Bengal), Bahag Bihu (Assam), Cheiraoba (Manipur), Visu (T. C. State), Vaisakhi (on the samkramana day commencing from sunrise)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The other names in the row (Cadaka puja, Bahag Bihu, Cheiraoba, Visu) are regional observances and wait with the regional rows.", "rashi": "Meṣa", "day_from": "sunrise" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1940-04-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1940-04-13", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vaiśākhī 1940 falls on Saturday 13 April. The Sun enters Meṣa at 10:37 on Sat 13 Apr, and the rule counts the day from sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vaishakhi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/bhavani-utpatti", "festival": "bhavani-utpatti", "name": "Bhavānī Utpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-04-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5367, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1940-04-15T10:20:52+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-15T02:20:52Z", "ms": -937690747953.7919 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-16T09:01:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-16T01:01:20Z", "ms": -937609119610.8741 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-04-15T10:20:52+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-15T02:20:52Z", "ms": -937690747953.7919 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-16T09:01:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-16T01:01:20Z", "ms": -937609119610.8741 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-15T11:50:19+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-15T03:50:19Z", "ms": -937685380993.8872 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-15T12:38:19+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-15T04:38:19Z", "ms": -937682500993.8872 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-16T11:50:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-16T03:50:04Z", "ms": -937598995633.5853 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-16T12:38:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-16T04:38:04Z", "ms": -937596115633.5853 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 10:21 on Mon 15 Apr to 09:01 on Tue 16 Apr.", "fact": "1940-04-15T02:20:52Z → 1940-04-16T01:01:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:50–12:38 on the 15th, 11:50–12:38 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5367 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhavānī Utpatti, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 15 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhavani-utpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Annapurna puja (Beng.) (paraviddha), Bhavani-utpatti (paraviddha), Asokastami (Special when combined with naks. Punarvasu and Wednesday, after mid-day)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Bhavānī Utpatti 1940 falls on Monday 15 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 10:21 on Mon 15 Apr to 09:01 on Tue 16 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/bhavani-utpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/rama-navami", "festival": "rama-navami", "name": "Rāma Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-04-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10124, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1940-04-16T09:01:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-16T01:01:20Z", "ms": -937609119610.8741 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-17T07:07:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-16T23:07:44Z", "ms": -937529535731.5143 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-04-16T09:01:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-16T01:01:20Z", "ms": -937609119610.8741 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-17T07:07:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-16T23:07:44Z", "ms": -937529535731.5143 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-16T11:50:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-16T03:50:04Z", "ms": -937598995633.5853 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-16T12:38:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-16T04:38:04Z", "ms": -937596115633.5853 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-04-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-17T11:49:50+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-17T03:49:50Z", "ms": -937512609933.2085 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-17T12:37:50+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-17T04:37:50Z", "ms": -937509729933.2085 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 09:01 on Tue 16 Apr to 07:08 on Wed 17 Apr.", "fact": "1940-04-16T01:01:20Z → 1940-04-16T23:07:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:50–12:38 on the 16th, 11:50–12:38 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10124 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāma Navamī, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 16 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rama-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Ramanavami (madhyahnavyapini, special with Punarvasu naks.), Rama jayanti." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special when it falls with Punarvasu nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Rāma Navamī 1940 falls on Tuesday 16 April. Navamī runs from 09:01 on Tue 16 Apr to 07:08 on Wed 17 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/rama-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-04-18", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-04-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3568, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-04-18T04:43:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-17T20:43:26Z", "ms": -937451793784.2947 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-19T01:53:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-18T17:53:23Z", "ms": -937375596677.1337 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-04-18T04:43:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-17T20:43:26Z", "ms": -937451793784.2947 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-19T01:53:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-18T17:53:23Z", "ms": -937375596677.1337 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-04-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-18T05:42:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-17T21:42:54Z", "ms": -937448225962.3699 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-18T05:42:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-17T21:42:54Z", "ms": -937448225962.3699 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-04-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-19T05:41:46+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-18T21:41:46Z", "ms": -937361893947.8744 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-19T05:41:46+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-18T21:41:46Z", "ms": -937361893947.8744 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:43 on Thu 18 Apr to 01:53 on Fri 19 Apr.", "fact": "1940-04-17T20:43:26Z → 1940-04-18T17:53:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:43 on the 18th and 05:42 on the 19th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 18th and is not on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3568 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 18 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kāmadā Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Thursday 18 April. Ekādaśī runs from 04:43 on Thu 18 Apr to 01:53 on Fri 19 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-04-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ananga-trayodashi", "festival": "ananga-trayodashi", "name": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-04-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24315, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-04-19T22:43:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-19T14:43:54Z", "ms": -937300565654.2139 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-20T19:22:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-20T11:22:24Z", "ms": -937226255912.0361 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-04-19T22:43:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-19T14:43:54Z", "ms": -937300565654.2139 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-20T19:22:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-20T11:22:24Z", "ms": -937226255912.0361 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-04-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-19T11:49:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-19T03:49:23Z", "ms": -937339837450.1232 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-19T12:37:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-19T04:37:23Z", "ms": -937336957450.1232 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-20T11:49:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-20T03:49:09Z", "ms": -937253450634.151 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-20T12:37:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-20T04:37:09Z", "ms": -937250570634.151 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:44 on Fri 19 Apr to 19:22 on Sat 20 Apr.", "fact": "1940-04-19T14:43:54Z → 1940-04-20T11:22:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 19th, 11:49–12:37 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 24315 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 20 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananga-trayodashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 13 Ananga trayodasi (purvaviddha), Mahavira jayanti (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Anaṅga Trayodaśī 1940 falls on Saturday 20 April. Trayodaśī runs from 22:44 on Fri 19 Apr to 19:22 on Sat 20 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ananga-trayodashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-04-20", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-04-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2204, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-04-19T22:43:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-19T14:43:54Z", "ms": -937300565654.2139 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-20T19:22:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-20T11:22:24Z", "ms": -937226255912.0361 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-04-19T22:43:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-19T14:43:54Z", "ms": -937300565654.2139 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-20T19:22:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-20T11:22:24Z", "ms": -937226255912.0361 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-04-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-19T18:44:59+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-19T10:44:59Z", "ms": -937314900952.372 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-19T20:12:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-19T12:12:24Z", "ms": -937309655657.0414 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-20T18:45:40+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-20T10:45:40Z", "ms": -937228460030.9089 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-20T20:12:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-20T12:12:51Z", "ms": -937223229066.9233 } }, "covered_min": 37, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:44 on Fri 19 Apr to 19:22 on Sat 20 Apr.", "fact": "1940-04-19T14:43:54Z → 1940-04-20T11:22:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:45–20:12 on the 19th, 18:46–20:13 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 87 minutes on the 19th and 37 of 87 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2204 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 20 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Saturday 20 April. Trayodaśī runs from 22:44 on Fri 19 Apr to 19:22 on Sat 20 Apr and covers 37 of 87 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-04-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "festival": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "name": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-04-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12011, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-04-20T19:22:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-20T11:22:24Z", "ms": -937226255912.0361 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-21T15:57:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-21T07:57:07Z", "ms": -937152172616.0066 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-04-20T19:22:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-20T11:22:24Z", "ms": -937226255912.0361 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-21T15:57:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-21T07:57:07Z", "ms": -937152172616.0066 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-20T11:49:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-20T03:49:09Z", "ms": -937253450634.151 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-20T12:37:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-20T04:37:09Z", "ms": -937250570634.151 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-21T11:48:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-21T03:48:57Z", "ms": -937167063411.8062 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-21T12:36:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-21T04:36:57Z", "ms": -937164183411.8062 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:22 on Sat 20 Apr to 15:57 on Sun 21 Apr.", "fact": "1940-04-20T11:22:24Z → 1940-04-21T07:57:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 20th, 11:49–12:37 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12011 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 21 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Madanabhanji, (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Sivadamanaka caturdasi, Visnudamanaka caturdasi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī 1940 falls on Sunday 21 April. Caturdaśī runs from 19:22 on Sat 20 Apr to 15:57 on Sun 21 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/chaitri-purnima", "festival": "chaitri-purnima", "name": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-04-22", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 9, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1940-04-21T15:57:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-21T07:57:07Z", "ms": -937152172616.0066 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-22T12:36:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-22T04:36:53Z", "ms": -937077786692.0459 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-04-21T15:57:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-21T07:57:07Z", "ms": -937152172616.0066 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-22T12:36:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-22T04:36:53Z", "ms": -937077786692.0459 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-21T11:48:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-21T03:48:57Z", "ms": -937167063411.8062 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-21T12:36:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-21T04:36:57Z", "ms": -937164183411.8062 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-04-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-22T11:48:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-22T03:48:44Z", "ms": -937080675765.114 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-22T12:36:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-22T04:36:44Z", "ms": -937077795765.114 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 15:57 on Sun 21 Apr to 12:37 on Mon 22 Apr.", "fact": "1940-04-21T07:57:07Z → 1940-04-22T04:36:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 21st, 11:49–12:37 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 22 April.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chaitri-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Caitri purnima (paraviddha), Hanumat jayanti, Oli ending (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-22", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Caitrī Pūrṇimā 1940 falls on Monday 22 April. Pūrṇimā runs from 15:57 on Sun 21 Apr to 12:37 on Mon 22 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It is 0 min 09 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/chaitri-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-04-25", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-04-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17662, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-04-25T04:36:55+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-24T20:36:55Z", "ms": -936847384917.8389 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-26T03:05:13+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-25T19:05:13Z", "ms": -936766487399.9425 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-04-25T04:36:55+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-24T20:36:55Z", "ms": -936847384917.8389 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-26T03:05:13+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-25T19:05:13Z", "ms": -936766487399.9425 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-04-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-24T21:11:42+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-24T13:11:42Z", "ms": -936874098337.5614 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-24T21:11:42+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-24T13:11:42Z", "ms": -936874098337.5614 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-04-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-04-25T22:10:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-25T14:10:51Z", "ms": -936784149374.3064 }, "end": { "local": "1940-04-25T22:10:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-04-25T14:10:51Z", "ms": -936784149374.3064 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:37 on Thu 25 Apr to 03:05 on Fri 26 Apr.", "fact": "1940-04-24T20:36:55Z → 1940-04-25T19:05:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:12 on the 24th and 22:11 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17662 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 25 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-04-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1940 falls on Thursday 25 April. Caturthī runs from 04:37 on Thu 25 Apr to 03:05 on Fri 26 Apr and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-04-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-05-03", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-05-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13382, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-05-02T09:11:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-02T01:11:18Z", "ms": -936226121683.6116 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-03T11:47:39+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-03T03:47:39Z", "ms": -936130341495.7755 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-05-02T09:11:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-02T01:11:18Z", "ms": -936226121683.6116 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-03T11:47:39+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-03T03:47:39Z", "ms": -936130341495.7755 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-05-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-02T05:28:16+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-01T21:28:16Z", "ms": -936239503589.5417 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-02T05:28:16+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-01T21:28:16Z", "ms": -936239503589.5417 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-05-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-03T05:27:21+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-02T21:27:21Z", "ms": -936153159181.4915 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-03T05:27:21+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-02T21:27:21Z", "ms": -936153159181.4915 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 09:11 on Thu 2 May to 11:48 on Fri 3 May.", "fact": "1940-05-02T01:11:18Z → 1940-05-03T03:47:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:28 on the 2nd and 05:27 on the 3rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 2nd and is on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13382 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 3 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Varūthinī Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Friday 3 May. Ekādaśī runs from 09:11 on Thu 2 May to 11:48 on Fri 3 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-05-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-05-04", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-05-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8203, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-05-04T14:20:32+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-04T06:20:32Z", "ms": -936034767616.0952 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-05T16:39:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-05T08:39:22Z", "ms": -935940038017.4215 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-05-04T14:20:32+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-04T06:20:32Z", "ms": -936034767616.0952 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-05T16:39:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-05T08:39:22Z", "ms": -935940038017.4215 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-05-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-04T18:55:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-04T10:55:22Z", "ms": -936018277586.3923 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-04T20:19:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-04T12:19:24Z", "ms": -936013236188.5065 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-05T18:56:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-05T10:56:04Z", "ms": -935931835508.8756 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-05T20:19:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-05T12:19:53Z", "ms": -935926806692.8018 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:21 on Sat 4 May to 16:39 on Sun 5 May.", "fact": "1940-05-04T06:20:32Z → 1940-05-05T08:39:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:55–20:19 on the 4th, 18:56–20:20 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 84 of 84 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 84 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8203 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 4 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Saturday 4 May. Trayodaśī runs from 14:21 on Sat 4 May to 16:39 on Sun 5 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-05-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-05-05", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-05-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18598, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-05-05T16:39:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-05T08:39:22Z", "ms": -935940038017.4215 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-06T18:36:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-06T10:36:20Z", "ms": -935846619939.4374 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-05-05T16:39:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-05T08:39:22Z", "ms": -935940038017.4215 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-06T18:36:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-06T10:36:20Z", "ms": -935846619939.4374 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-05T23:46:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-05T15:46:23Z", "ms": -935914417448.5984 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-06T00:34:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-05T16:34:23Z", "ms": -935911537448.5984 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-06T23:46:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-06T15:46:18Z", "ms": -935828021981.6746 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-07T00:34:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-06T16:34:18Z", "ms": -935825141981.6746 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 16:39 on Sun 5 May to 18:36 on Mon 6 May.", "fact": "1940-05-05T08:39:22Z → 1940-05-06T10:36:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:46–00:34 on the 5th, 23:46–00:34 on the 6th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18598 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 5 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śivarātri 1940 falls on Sunday 5 May. Caturdaśī runs from 16:39 on Sun 5 May to 18:36 on Mon 6 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-05-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/akshaya-tritiya", "festival": "akshaya-tritiya", "name": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-05-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27389, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1940-05-09T21:40:17+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-09T13:40:17Z", "ms": -935576383460.9116 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-10T21:44:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-10T13:44:07Z", "ms": -935489752526.8104 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-05-09T21:40:17+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-09T13:40:17Z", "ms": -935576383460.9116 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-10T21:44:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-10T13:44:07Z", "ms": -935489752526.8104 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-10T05:21:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-09T21:21:23Z", "ms": -935548716908.8949 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-10T09:54:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-10T01:54:07Z", "ms": -935532353112.3496 } }, "covered_min": 273, "window_min": 273, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-11T05:20:37+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-10T21:20:37Z", "ms": -935462363291.1001 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-11T09:53:50+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-11T01:53:50Z", "ms": -935445970109.4717 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 273, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 21:40 on Thu 9 May to 21:44 on Fri 10 May.", "fact": "1940-05-09T13:40:17Z → 1940-05-10T13:44:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:21–09:54 on the 10th, 05:21–09:54 on the 11th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 273 of 273 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 273 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27389 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 10 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Rohiṇī nakṣatra and a Wednesday; neither is tested.", "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Akṣaya Tṛtīyā 1940 falls on Friday 10 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 21:40 on Thu 9 May to 21:44 on Fri 10 May and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/akshaya-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/parashurama-jayanti", "festival": "parashurama-jayanti", "name": "Paraśurāma Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-05-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4704, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1940-05-09T21:40:17+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-09T13:40:17Z", "ms": -935576383460.9116 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-10T21:44:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-10T13:44:07Z", "ms": -935489752526.8104 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-05-09T21:40:17+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-09T13:40:17Z", "ms": -935576383460.9116 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-10T21:44:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-10T13:44:07Z", "ms": -935489752526.8104 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-09T18:58:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-09T10:58:53Z", "ms": -935586067396.9004 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-09T20:21:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-09T12:21:53Z", "ms": -935581087331.833 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-10T18:59:34+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-10T10:59:34Z", "ms": -935499625519.2589 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-10T20:22:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-10T12:22:23Z", "ms": -935494657222.171 } }, "covered_min": 83, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 21:40 on Thu 9 May to 21:44 on Fri 10 May.", "fact": "1940-05-09T13:40:17Z → 1940-05-10T13:44:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:59–20:22 on the 9th, 19:00–20:22 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 83 minutes on the 9th and 83 of 83 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4704 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Jayantī, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 10 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Paraśurāma Jayantī 1940 falls on Friday 10 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 21:40 on Thu 9 May to 21:44 on Fri 10 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/parashurama-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-05-11", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-05-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31595, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-05-10T21:44:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-10T13:44:07Z", "ms": -935489752526.8104 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-11T21:21:02+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-11T13:21:02Z", "ms": -935404738350.4395 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-05-10T21:44:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-10T13:44:07Z", "ms": -935489752526.8104 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-11T21:21:02+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-11T13:21:02Z", "ms": -935404738350.4395 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-10T11:46:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-10T03:46:29Z", "ms": -935525611214.0769 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-10T12:34:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-10T04:34:29Z", "ms": -935522731214.0769 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-11T11:46:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-11T03:46:26Z", "ms": -935439213518.6575 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-11T12:34:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-11T04:34:26Z", "ms": -935436333518.6575 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:44 on Fri 10 May to 21:21 on Sat 11 May.", "fact": "1940-05-10T13:44:07Z → 1940-05-11T13:21:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 10th, 11:46–12:34 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31595 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 11 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vināyaka Caturthī 1940 falls on Saturday 11 May. Caturthī runs from 21:44 on Fri 10 May to 21:21 on Sat 11 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-05-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shankara-jayanti", "festival": "shankara-jayanti", "name": "Śaṅkara Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-05-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28689, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1940-05-11T21:21:02+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-11T13:21:02Z", "ms": -935404738350.4395 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-12T20:32:34+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-12T12:32:34Z", "ms": -935321246289.593 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-05-11T21:21:02+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-11T13:21:02Z", "ms": -935404738350.4395 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-12T20:32:34+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-12T12:32:34Z", "ms": -935321246289.593 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-11T11:46:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-11T03:46:26Z", "ms": -935439213518.6575 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-11T12:34:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-11T04:34:26Z", "ms": -935436333518.6575 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-05-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-12T11:46:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-12T03:46:25Z", "ms": -935352815270.2732 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-12T12:34:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-12T04:34:25Z", "ms": -935349935270.2732 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 21:21 on Sat 11 May to 20:33 on Sun 12 May.", "fact": "1940-05-11T13:21:02Z → 1940-05-12T12:32:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 11th, 11:46–12:34 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28689 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śaṅkara Jayantī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 12 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shankara-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sankara jayanti." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śaṅkara Jayantī 1940 falls on Sunday 12 May. Pañcamī runs from 21:21 on Sat 11 May to 20:33 on Sun 12 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shankara-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/gangotpatti", "festival": "gangotpatti", "name": "Gaṅgotpatti", "everyday": "Ganga Saptami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-05-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18680, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1940-05-13T19:20:17+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-13T11:20:17Z", "ms": -935239183337.4917 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-14T17:45:43+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-14T09:45:43Z", "ms": -935158457197.0516 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-05-13T19:20:17+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-13T11:20:17Z", "ms": -935239183337.4917 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-14T17:45:43+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-14T09:45:43Z", "ms": -935158457197.0516 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-05-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-13T11:46:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-13T03:46:24Z", "ms": -935266416472.4656 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-13T12:34:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-13T04:34:24Z", "ms": -935263536472.4656 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-14T11:46:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-14T03:46:23Z", "ms": -935180017128.8488 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-14T12:34:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-14T04:34:23Z", "ms": -935177137128.8488 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 19:20 on Mon 13 May to 17:46 on Tue 14 May.", "fact": "1940-05-13T11:20:17Z → 1940-05-14T09:45:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 13th, 11:46–12:34 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 18680 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṅgotpatti, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 14 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gangotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 1940 falls on Tuesday 14 May. Saptamī runs from 19:20 on Mon 13 May to 17:46 on Tue 14 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/gangotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-05-18", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mohinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-05-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11438, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-05-17T11:07:40+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-17T03:07:40Z", "ms": -934923140069.4087 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-18T08:26:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T00:26:26Z", "ms": -934846414060.2971 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-05-17T11:07:40+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-17T03:07:40Z", "ms": -934923140069.4087 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-18T08:26:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T00:26:26Z", "ms": -934846414060.2971 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-17T05:16:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-16T21:16:25Z", "ms": -934944215059.2966 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-17T05:16:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-16T21:16:25Z", "ms": -934944215059.2966 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-05-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-18T05:15:48+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-17T21:15:48Z", "ms": -934857852436.184 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-18T05:15:48+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-17T21:15:48Z", "ms": -934857852436.184 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:08 on Fri 17 May to 08:26 on Sat 18 May.", "fact": "1940-05-17T03:07:40Z → 1940-05-18T00:26:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:16 on the 17th and 05:16 on the 18th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 17th and is on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11438 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mohinī Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 18 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Mohinī Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Saturday 18 May. Ekādaśī runs from 11:08 on Fri 17 May to 08:26 on Sat 18 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-05-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/parashurama-dvadashi", "festival": "parashurama-dvadashi", "name": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-05-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12000, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-05-18T08:26:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T00:26:26Z", "ms": -934846414060.2971 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-19T05:38:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T21:38:01Z", "ms": -934770119041.0577 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-05-18T08:26:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T00:26:26Z", "ms": -934846414060.2971 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-19T05:38:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T21:38:01Z", "ms": -934770119041.0577 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-05-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-18T11:46:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T03:46:26Z", "ms": -934834414359.408 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-18T12:34:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T04:34:26Z", "ms": -934831534359.408 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-19T11:46:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-19T03:46:28Z", "ms": -934748012330.1128 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-19T12:34:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-19T04:34:28Z", "ms": -934745132330.1128 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 08:26 on Sat 18 May to 05:38 on Sun 19 May.", "fact": "1940-05-18T00:26:26Z → 1940-05-18T21:38:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 18th, 11:46–12:34 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 12000 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 18 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Paraśurāma Dvādaśī 1940 falls on Saturday 18 May. Dvādaśī runs from 08:26 on Sat 18 May to 05:38 on Sun 19 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/parashurama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/rukmini-dvadashi", "festival": "rukmini-dvadashi", "name": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-05-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12000, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-05-18T08:26:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T00:26:26Z", "ms": -934846414060.2971 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-19T05:38:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T21:38:01Z", "ms": -934770119041.0577 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-05-18T08:26:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T00:26:26Z", "ms": -934846414060.2971 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-19T05:38:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T21:38:01Z", "ms": -934770119041.0577 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-05-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-18T11:46:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T03:46:26Z", "ms": -934834414359.408 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-18T12:34:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T04:34:26Z", "ms": -934831534359.408 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-19T11:46:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-19T03:46:28Z", "ms": -934748012330.1128 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-19T12:34:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-19T04:34:28Z", "ms": -934745132330.1128 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 08:26 on Sat 18 May to 05:38 on Sun 19 May.", "fact": "1940-05-18T00:26:26Z → 1940-05-18T21:38:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 18th, 11:46–12:34 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 12000 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 18 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rukmini-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī 1940 falls on Saturday 18 May. Dvādaśī runs from 08:26 on Sat 18 May to 05:38 on Sun 19 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/rukmini-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-05-19", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-05-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22881, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-05-19T05:38:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T21:38:01Z", "ms": -934770119041.0577 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-20T02:48:16+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-19T18:48:16Z", "ms": -934693904317.829 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-05-19T05:38:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T21:38:01Z", "ms": -934770119041.0577 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-20T02:48:16+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-19T18:48:16Z", "ms": -934693904317.829 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-05-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-18T19:05:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T11:05:04Z", "ms": -934808096282.6321 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-18T20:26:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-18T12:26:25Z", "ms": -934803215238.9755 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-19T19:05:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-19T11:05:44Z", "ms": -934721656205.0178 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-19T20:26:55+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-19T12:26:55Z", "ms": -934716785124.1001 } }, "covered_min": 81, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:38 on Sun 19 May to 02:48 on Mon 20 May.", "fact": "1940-05-18T21:38:01Z → 1940-05-19T18:48:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:05–20:26 on the 18th, 19:06–20:27 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 81 minutes on the 18th and 81 of 81 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22881 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 19 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Sunday 19 May. Trayodaśī runs from 05:38 on Sun 19 May to 02:48 on Mon 20 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-05-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "festival": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "name": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Narasimha Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-05-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12996, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-05-20T02:48:16+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-19T18:48:16Z", "ms": -934693904317.829 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-21T00:04:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-20T16:04:00Z", "ms": -934617359529.1692 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-05-20T02:48:16+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-19T18:48:16Z", "ms": -934693904317.829 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-21T00:04:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-20T16:04:00Z", "ms": -934617359529.1692 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-19T19:05:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-19T11:05:44Z", "ms": -934721656205.0178 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-19T20:26:55+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-19T12:26:55Z", "ms": -934716785124.1001 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-20T19:06:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-20T11:06:24Z", "ms": -934635216440.7721 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-20T20:27:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-20T12:27:25Z", "ms": -934630355094.9272 } }, "covered_min": 81, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 02:48 on Mon 20 May to 00:04 on Tue 21 May.", "fact": "1940-05-19T18:48:16Z → 1940-05-20T16:04:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:06–20:27 on the 19th, 19:06–20:27 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 81 minutes on the 19th and 81 of 81 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12996 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 20 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Nrsimha caturdasi (pradosa vyapini — if it occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed, special when combined with naksatra 'Svati', yoga 'Siddhi' and 'Saturday')." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Svātī nakṣatra, Siddhi yoga and a Saturday; none is tested.", "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī (Narasimha Jayanti) 1940 falls on Monday 20 May. Caturdaśī runs from 02:48 on Mon 20 May to 00:04 on Tue 21 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/buddha-purnima", "festival": "buddha-purnima", "name": "Buddha Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-05-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32300, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1940-05-21T00:04:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-20T16:04:00Z", "ms": -934617359529.1692 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-21T21:32:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-21T13:32:53Z", "ms": -934540026682.7777 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-05-21T00:04:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-20T16:04:00Z", "ms": -934617359529.1692 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-21T21:32:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-21T13:32:53Z", "ms": -934540026682.7777 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-20T11:46:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-20T03:46:30Z", "ms": -934661609769.4536 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-20T12:34:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-20T04:34:30Z", "ms": -934658729769.4536 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-05-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-21T11:46:33+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-21T03:46:33Z", "ms": -934575206679.1654 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-21T12:34:33+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-21T04:34:33Z", "ms": -934572326679.1654 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 00:04 on Tue 21 May to 21:33 on Tue 21 May.", "fact": "1940-05-20T16:04:00Z → 1940-05-21T13:32:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:47–12:35 on the 20th, 11:47–12:35 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Buddha Pūrṇimā, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 21 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "buddha-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Buddha Pūrṇimā 1940 falls on Tuesday 21 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 00:04 on Tue 21 May to 21:33 on Tue 21 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/buddha-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/sampat-gauri-vrata", "festival": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "name": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-05-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32300, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1940-05-21T00:04:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-20T16:04:00Z", "ms": -934617359529.1692 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-21T21:32:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-21T13:32:53Z", "ms": -934540026682.7777 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-05-21T00:04:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-20T16:04:00Z", "ms": -934617359529.1692 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-21T21:32:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-21T13:32:53Z", "ms": -934540026682.7777 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-20T11:46:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-20T03:46:30Z", "ms": -934661609769.4536 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-20T12:34:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-20T04:34:30Z", "ms": -934658729769.4536 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-05-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-21T11:46:33+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-21T03:46:33Z", "ms": -934575206679.1654 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-21T12:34:33+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-21T04:34:33Z", "ms": -934572326679.1654 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 00:04 on Tue 21 May to 21:33 on Tue 21 May.", "fact": "1940-05-20T16:04:00Z → 1940-05-21T13:32:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:47–12:35 on the 20th, 11:47–12:35 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 32300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 21 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Sampat Gaurī Vrata 1940 falls on Tuesday 21 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 00:04 on Tue 21 May to 21:33 on Tue 21 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/sampat-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-05-24", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-05-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18307, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-05-24T16:38:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-24T08:38:25Z", "ms": -934298494953.1333 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-25T16:16:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-25T08:16:45Z", "ms": -934213395307.479 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-05-24T16:38:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-24T08:38:25Z", "ms": -934298494953.1333 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-25T16:16:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-25T08:16:45Z", "ms": -934213395307.479 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-05-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-24T21:43:32+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-24T13:43:32Z", "ms": -934280188128.1985 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-24T21:43:32+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-24T13:43:32Z", "ms": -934280188128.1985 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-05-25T22:30:05+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-25T14:30:05Z", "ms": -934190994770.5254 }, "end": { "local": "1940-05-25T22:30:05+08:00", "utc": "1940-05-25T14:30:05Z", "ms": -934190994770.5254 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:38 on Fri 24 May to 16:17 on Sat 25 May.", "fact": "1940-05-24T08:38:25Z → 1940-05-25T08:16:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:44 on the 24th and 22:30 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 24th and is not on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18307 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 24 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1940 falls on Friday 24 May. Caturthī runs from 16:38 on Fri 24 May to 16:17 on Sat 25 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-05-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-06-02", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Aparā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-06-02", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-06-01T03:52:46+09:00", "utc": "1940-05-31T18:52:46Z", "ms": -933656834062.8076 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-02T06:09:20+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-01T21:09:20Z", "ms": -933562240469.4922 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-06-01T03:52:46+09:00", "utc": "1940-05-31T18:52:46Z", "ms": -933656834062.8076 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-02T06:09:20+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-01T21:09:20Z", "ms": -933562240469.4922 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-06-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-01T06:09:34+09:00", "utc": "1940-05-31T21:09:34Z", "ms": -933648625903.7078 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-01T06:09:34+09:00", "utc": "1940-05-31T21:09:34Z", "ms": -933648625903.7078 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-06-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-02T06:09:19+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-01T21:09:19Z", "ms": -933562241426.6637 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-02T06:09:19+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-01T21:09:19Z", "ms": -933562241426.6637 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 03:53 on Sat 1 Jun to 06:09 on Sun 2 Jun.", "fact": "1940-05-31T18:52:46Z → 1940-06-01T21:09:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:10 on the 1st and 06:09 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 1st and is on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both sunrises qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 1 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aparā Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 2 June.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-01", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-02", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Aparā Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Sunday 2 June. Ekādaśī runs from 03:53 on Sat 1 Jun to 06:09 on Sun 2 Jun and is current at sunrise that day. It is 0 min 01 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-06-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-06-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-06-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37587, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-06-03T08:00:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-02T23:00:06Z", "ms": -933469194484.0701 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-04T09:17:44+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-04T00:17:44Z", "ms": -933378135997.9255 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-06-03T08:00:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-02T23:00:06Z", "ms": -933469194484.0701 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-04T09:17:44+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-04T00:17:44Z", "ms": -933378135997.9255 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-06-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-02T20:14:21+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-02T11:14:21Z", "ms": -933511539453.3817 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-02T21:33:38+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-02T12:33:38Z", "ms": -933506781584.824 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 79, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-06-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-03T20:14:53+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-03T11:14:53Z", "ms": -933425106885.1693 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-03T21:34:05+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-03T12:34:05Z", "ms": -933420355026.4187 } }, "covered_min": 79, "window_min": 79, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:00 on Mon 3 Jun to 09:18 on Tue 4 Jun.", "fact": "1940-06-02T23:00:06Z → 1940-06-04T00:17:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:14–21:34 on the 2nd, 20:15–21:34 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 79 minutes on the 2nd and 79 of 79 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37587 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 3 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Monday 3 June. Trayodaśī runs from 08:00 on Mon 3 Jun to 09:18 on Tue 4 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-06-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-06-04", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-06-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27711, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-06-04T09:17:44+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-04T00:17:44Z", "ms": -933378135997.9255 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-05T09:59:10+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-05T00:59:10Z", "ms": -933289250334.4961 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-06-04T09:17:44+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-04T00:17:44Z", "ms": -933378135997.9255 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-05T09:59:10+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-05T00:59:10Z", "ms": -933289250334.4961 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-06-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-04T00:47:53+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-03T15:47:53Z", "ms": -933408727414.8547 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-04T01:35:53+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-03T16:35:53Z", "ms": -933405847414.8547 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-06-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-05T00:48:03+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-04T15:48:03Z", "ms": -933322317011.4971 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-05T01:36:03+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-04T16:36:03Z", "ms": -933319437011.4971 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 09:18 on Tue 4 Jun to 09:59 on Wed 5 Jun.", "fact": "1940-06-04T00:17:44Z → 1940-06-05T00:59:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:48–01:36 on the 3rd, 00:48–01:36 on the 4th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27711 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 4 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śivarātri 1940 falls on Tuesday 4 June. Caturdaśī runs from 09:18 on Tue 4 Jun to 09:59 on Wed 5 Jun and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-06-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/rambha-tritiya", "festival": "rambha-tritiya", "name": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-06-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14723, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1940-06-08T08:43:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-07T23:43:27Z", "ms": -933034592797.942 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-09T07:26:13+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-08T22:26:13Z", "ms": -932952827350.1404 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-06-08T08:43:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-07T23:43:27Z", "ms": -933034592797.942 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-09T07:26:13+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-08T22:26:13Z", "ms": -932952827350.1404 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-06-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-08T12:48:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-08T03:48:50Z", "ms": -933019869591.2805 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-08T13:36:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-08T04:36:50Z", "ms": -933016989591.2805 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-06-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-09T12:49:02+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-09T03:49:02Z", "ms": -932933458401.9343 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-09T13:37:02+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-09T04:37:02Z", "ms": -932930578401.9343 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 08:43 on Sat 8 Jun to 07:26 on Sun 9 Jun.", "fact": "1940-06-07T23:43:27Z → 1940-06-08T22:26:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:49–13:37 on the 8th, 12:49–13:37 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 14723 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 8 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rambha-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Rambha trtiya (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Rambhā Tṛtīyā 1940 falls on Saturday 8 June. Tṛtīyā runs from 08:43 on Sat 8 Jun to 07:26 on Sun 9 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/rambha-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-06-09", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-06-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19369, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-06-09T07:26:13+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-08T22:26:13Z", "ms": -932952827350.1404 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-10T05:51:31+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-09T20:51:31Z", "ms": -932872109469.0321 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-06-09T07:26:13+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-08T22:26:13Z", "ms": -932952827350.1404 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-10T05:51:31+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-09T20:51:31Z", "ms": -932872109469.0321 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-06-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-09T12:49:02+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-09T03:49:02Z", "ms": -932933458401.9343 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-09T13:37:02+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-09T04:37:02Z", "ms": -932930578401.9343 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-06-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-10T12:49:13+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-10T03:49:13Z", "ms": -932847046977.7874 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-10T13:37:13+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-10T04:37:13Z", "ms": -932844166977.7874 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:26 on Sun 9 Jun to 05:52 on Mon 10 Jun.", "fact": "1940-06-08T22:26:13Z → 1940-06-09T20:51:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:49–13:37 on the 9th, 12:49–13:37 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19369 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 9 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vināyaka Caturthī 1940 falls on Sunday 9 June. Caturthī runs from 07:26 on Sun 9 Jun to 05:52 on Mon 10 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-06-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/aranya-gauri-vrata", "festival": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "name": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-06-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31535, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1940-06-11T04:03:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-10T19:03:50Z", "ms": -932792170370.8779 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-12T02:06:44+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-11T17:06:44Z", "ms": -932712795531.0376 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-06-11T04:03:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-10T19:03:50Z", "ms": -932792170370.8779 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-12T02:06:44+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-11T17:06:44Z", "ms": -932712795531.0376 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-06-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-11T12:49:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-11T03:49:25Z", "ms": -932760635343.4269 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-11T13:37:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-11T04:37:25Z", "ms": -932757755343.4269 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-06-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-12T12:49:36+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-12T03:49:36Z", "ms": -932674223522.9111 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-12T13:37:36+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-12T04:37:36Z", "ms": -932671343522.9111 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 04:04 on Tue 11 Jun to 02:07 on Wed 12 Jun.", "fact": "1940-06-10T19:03:50Z → 1940-06-11T17:06:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:49–13:37 on the 11th, 12:50–13:38 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31535 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 11 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Araṇya Gaurī Vrata 1940 falls on Tuesday 11 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 04:04 on Tue 11 Jun to 02:07 on Wed 12 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/aranya-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "festival": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-06-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31535, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1940-06-11T04:03:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-10T19:03:50Z", "ms": -932792170370.8779 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-12T02:06:44+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-11T17:06:44Z", "ms": -932712795531.0376 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-06-11T04:03:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-10T19:03:50Z", "ms": -932792170370.8779 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-12T02:06:44+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-11T17:06:44Z", "ms": -932712795531.0376 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-06-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-11T12:49:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-11T03:49:25Z", "ms": -932760635343.4269 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-11T13:37:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-11T04:37:25Z", "ms": -932757755343.4269 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-06-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-12T12:49:36+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-12T03:49:36Z", "ms": -932674223522.9111 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-12T13:37:36+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-12T04:37:36Z", "ms": -932671343522.9111 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 04:04 on Tue 11 Jun to 02:07 on Wed 12 Jun.", "fact": "1940-06-10T19:03:50Z → 1940-06-11T17:06:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:49–13:37 on the 11th, 12:50–13:38 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 31535 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha), Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 11 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha) 1940 falls on Tuesday 11 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 04:04 on Tue 11 Jun to 02:07 on Wed 12 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-06-16", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-06-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32926, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-06-15T17:29:15+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-15T08:29:15Z", "ms": -932398244581.1779 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-16T15:17:02+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-16T06:17:02Z", "ms": -932319777759.361 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-06-15T17:29:15+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-15T08:29:15Z", "ms": -932398244581.1779 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-16T15:17:02+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-16T06:17:02Z", "ms": -932319777759.361 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-06-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-15T06:08:11+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-14T21:08:11Z", "ms": -932439108570.2942 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-15T06:08:11+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-14T21:08:11Z", "ms": -932439108570.2942 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-06-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-16T06:08:16+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-15T21:08:16Z", "ms": -932352703773.8607 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-16T06:08:16+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-15T21:08:16Z", "ms": -932352703773.8607 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 17:29 on Sat 15 Jun to 15:17 on Sun 16 Jun.", "fact": "1940-06-15T08:29:15Z → 1940-06-16T06:17:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:08 on the 15th and 06:08 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 15th and is on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 32926 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 16 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Nirjalā Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Sunday 16 June. Ekādaśī runs from 17:29 on Sat 15 Jun to 15:17 on Sun 16 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-06-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shri-rama-dvadashi", "festival": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "name": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-06-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1112, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-06-16T15:17:02+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-16T06:17:02Z", "ms": -932319777759.361 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-17T13:09:10+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-17T04:09:10Z", "ms": -932241050377.1697 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-06-16T15:17:02+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-16T06:17:02Z", "ms": -932319777759.361 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-17T13:09:10+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-17T04:09:10Z", "ms": -932241050377.1697 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-06-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-16T12:50:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-16T03:50:25Z", "ms": -932328574830.5468 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-16T13:38:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-16T04:38:25Z", "ms": -932325694830.5468 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-06-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-17T12:50:38+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-17T03:50:38Z", "ms": -932242162409.4991 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-17T13:38:38+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-17T04:38:38Z", "ms": -932239282409.4991 } }, "covered_min": 19, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 15:17 on Sun 16 Jun to 13:09 on Mon 17 Jun.", "fact": "1940-06-16T06:17:02Z → 1940-06-17T04:09:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:50–13:38 on the 16th, 12:51–13:39 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 19 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1112 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 17 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Sri Rama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Campaka dvadasi (Orissa) (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī 1940 falls on Monday 17 June. Dvādaśī runs from 15:17 on Sun 16 Jun to 13:09 on Mon 17 Jun and covers 19 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shri-rama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-06-17", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-06-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25903, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-06-17T13:09:10+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-17T04:09:10Z", "ms": -932241050377.1697 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-18T11:10:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-18T02:10:07Z", "ms": -932161793352.5247 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-06-17T13:09:10+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-17T04:09:10Z", "ms": -932241050377.1697 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-18T11:10:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-18T02:10:07Z", "ms": -932161793352.5247 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-06-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-17T20:20:53+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-17T11:20:53Z", "ms": -932215147195.6636 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-17T21:39:14+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-17T12:39:14Z", "ms": -932210446254.0621 } }, "covered_min": 78, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-06-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-18T20:21:10+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-18T11:21:10Z", "ms": -932128729722.9089 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-18T21:39:30+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-18T12:39:30Z", "ms": -932124029935.95 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:09 on Mon 17 Jun to 11:10 on Tue 18 Jun.", "fact": "1940-06-17T04:09:10Z → 1940-06-18T02:10:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:21–21:39 on the 17th, 20:21–21:40 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 78 of 78 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 78 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25903 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 17 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Monday 17 June. Trayodaśī runs from 13:09 on Mon 17 Jun to 11:10 on Tue 18 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-06-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vata-savitri-vrata", "festival": "vata-savitri-vrata", "name": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-06-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37308, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1940-06-19T09:25:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-19T00:25:27Z", "ms": -932081672805.7438 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-20T08:01:33+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-19T23:01:33Z", "ms": -932000307018.4147 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-06-19T09:25:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-19T00:25:27Z", "ms": -932081672805.7438 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-20T08:01:33+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-19T23:01:33Z", "ms": -932000307018.4147 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-06-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-18T20:21:10+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-18T11:21:10Z", "ms": -932128729722.9089 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-18T21:39:30+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-18T12:39:30Z", "ms": -932124029935.95 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-06-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-19T20:21:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-19T11:21:27Z", "ms": -932042313490.8268 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-19T21:39:45+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-19T12:39:45Z", "ms": -932037614518.7981 } }, "covered_min": 78, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 09:25 on Wed 19 Jun to 08:02 on Thu 20 Jun.", "fact": "1940-06-19T00:25:27Z → 1940-06-19T23:01:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:21–21:40 on the 18th, 20:21–21:40 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 78 minutes on the 18th and 78 of 78 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 37308 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 19 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vata-savitri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Vata-savitri vrata (Deccan) (pradosavyapini, purvaviddha), Snanayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata 1940 falls on Wednesday 19 June. Pūrṇimā runs from 09:25 on Wed 19 Jun to 08:02 on Thu 20 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vata-savitri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-06-23", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-06-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31850, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-06-23T06:57:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-22T21:57:17Z", "ms": -931744963228.0453 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-24T07:52:38+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-23T22:52:38Z", "ms": -931655242001.4081 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-06-23T06:57:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-22T21:57:17Z", "ms": -931744963228.0453 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-24T07:52:38+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-23T22:52:38Z", "ms": -931655242001.4081 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-06-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-22T22:06:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-22T13:06:27Z", "ms": -931776812942.1694 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-22T22:06:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-22T13:06:27Z", "ms": -931776812942.1694 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-06-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-06-23T22:46:28+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-23T13:46:28Z", "ms": -931688012308.3859 }, "end": { "local": "1940-06-23T22:46:28+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-23T13:46:28Z", "ms": -931688012308.3859 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:57 on Sun 23 Jun to 07:53 on Mon 24 Jun.", "fact": "1940-06-22T21:57:17Z → 1940-06-23T22:52:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:06 on the 22nd and 22:46 on the 23rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 22nd and is on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31850 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 23 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-06-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1940 falls on Sunday 23 June. Caturthī runs from 06:57 on Sun 23 Jun to 07:53 on Mon 24 Jun and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-06-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-07-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Yoginī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-07-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29270, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-06-30T20:44:51+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-30T11:44:51Z", "ms": -931090508779.3323 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-01T22:04:34+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-01T13:04:34Z", "ms": -930999325844.3374 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-06-30T20:44:51+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-30T11:44:51Z", "ms": -931090508779.3323 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-01T22:04:34+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-01T13:04:34Z", "ms": -930999325844.3374 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-07-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-01T06:12:01+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-30T21:12:01Z", "ms": -931056479498.391 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-01T06:12:01+09:00", "utc": "1940-06-30T21:12:01Z", "ms": -931056479498.391 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-07-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-02T06:12:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-01T21:12:25Z", "ms": -930970055432.9589 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-02T06:12:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-01T21:12:25Z", "ms": -930970055432.9589 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:45 on Sun 30 Jun to 22:05 on Mon 1 Jul.", "fact": "1940-06-30T11:44:51Z → 1940-07-01T13:04:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:12 on the 1st and 06:12 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 1st and is not on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29270 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yoginī Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 1 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Yoginī Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Monday 1 July. Ekādaśī runs from 20:45 on Sun 30 Jun to 22:05 on Mon 1 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-07-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-07-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-07-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3272, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-07-02T22:42:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-02T13:42:06Z", "ms": -930910674486.659 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-03T22:36:08+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-03T13:36:08Z", "ms": -930824632326.2455 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-07-02T22:42:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-02T13:42:06Z", "ms": -930910674486.659 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-03T22:36:08+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-03T13:36:08Z", "ms": -930824632326.2455 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-07-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-02T20:22:56+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-02T11:22:56Z", "ms": -930919024208.4484 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-02T21:41:35+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-02T12:41:35Z", "ms": -930914305033.227 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 79, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-07-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-03T20:22:53+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-03T11:22:53Z", "ms": -930832627299.6082 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-03T21:41:36+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-03T12:41:36Z", "ms": -930827904248.7015 } }, "covered_min": 79, "window_min": 79, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:42 on Tue 2 Jul to 22:36 on Wed 3 Jul.", "fact": "1940-07-02T13:42:06Z → 1940-07-03T13:36:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:23–21:42 on the 2nd, 20:23–21:42 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 79 minutes on the 2nd and 79 of 79 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3272 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 3 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Wednesday 3 July. Trayodaśī runs from 22:42 on Tue 2 Jul to 22:36 on Wed 3 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-07-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-07-03", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-07-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8276, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-07-03T22:36:08+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-03T13:36:08Z", "ms": -930824632326.2455 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-04T21:49:26+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-04T12:49:26Z", "ms": -930741034137.6206 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-07-03T22:36:08+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-03T13:36:08Z", "ms": -930824632326.2455 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-04T21:49:26+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-04T12:49:26Z", "ms": -930741034137.6206 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-07-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-04T00:54:04+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-03T15:54:04Z", "ms": -930816355858.7085 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-04T01:42:04+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-03T16:42:04Z", "ms": -930813475858.7085 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-07-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-05T00:54:15+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-04T15:54:15Z", "ms": -930729944712.3206 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-05T01:42:15+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-04T16:42:15Z", "ms": -930727064712.3206 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:36 on Wed 3 Jul to 21:49 on Thu 4 Jul.", "fact": "1940-07-03T13:36:08Z → 1940-07-04T12:49:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:54–01:42 on the 3rd, 00:54–01:42 on the 4th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8276 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 3 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śivarātri 1940 falls on Wednesday 3 July. Caturdaśī runs from 22:36 on Wed 3 Jul to 21:49 on Thu 4 Jul and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-07-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/rathayatra", "festival": "rathayatra", "name": "Rathayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-07-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9953, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1940-07-06T18:37:59+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-06T09:37:59Z", "ms": -930579721486.1221 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-07T16:28:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-07T07:28:25Z", "ms": -930501095211.1334 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-07-06T18:37:59+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-06T09:37:59Z", "ms": -930579721486.1221 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-07T16:28:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-07T07:28:25Z", "ms": -930501095211.1334 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-07-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-06T12:54:22+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-06T03:54:22Z", "ms": -930600337690.6453 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-06T13:42:22+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-06T04:42:22Z", "ms": -930597457690.6453 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-07T12:54:32+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-07T03:54:32Z", "ms": -930513927974.6846 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-07T13:42:32+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-07T04:42:32Z", "ms": -930511047974.6846 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 18:38 on Sat 6 Jul to 16:28 on Sun 7 Jul.", "fact": "1940-07-06T09:37:59Z → 1940-07-07T07:28:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:54–13:42 on the 6th, 12:55–13:43 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9953 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rathayātrā, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 7 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rathayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Rathayatra (paraviddha, special when combined with naksatra 'Pusya')" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Puṣya nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Rathayātrā 1940 falls on Sunday 7 July. Dvitīyā runs from 18:38 on Sat 6 Jul to 16:28 on Sun 7 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/rathayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/skanda-panchami", "festival": "skanda-panchami", "name": "Skanda Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-07-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4509, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1940-07-09T11:39:42+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-09T02:39:42Z", "ms": -930345618304.3491 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-10T09:13:16+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-10T00:13:16Z", "ms": -930268003690.1372 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-07-09T11:39:42+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-09T02:39:42Z", "ms": -930345618304.3491 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-10T09:13:16+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-10T00:13:16Z", "ms": -930268003690.1372 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-09T12:54:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-09T03:54:50Z", "ms": -930341109689.8113 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-09T13:42:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-09T04:42:50Z", "ms": -930338229689.8113 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-07-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-10T12:54:59+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-10T03:54:59Z", "ms": -930254701165.0225 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-10T13:42:59+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-10T04:42:59Z", "ms": -930251821165.0225 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 11:40 on Tue 9 Jul to 09:13 on Wed 10 Jul.", "fact": "1940-07-09T02:39:42Z → 1940-07-10T00:13:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:55–13:43 on the 9th, 12:55–13:43 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4509 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Pañcamī, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 9 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Skanda pancami (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Skanda Pañcamī 1940 falls on Tuesday 9 July. Pañcamī runs from 11:40 on Tue 9 Jul to 09:13 on Wed 10 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/skanda-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-07-09", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-07-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1439, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-07-08T14:06:40+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-08T05:06:40Z", "ms": -930423199939.5675 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-09T11:39:42+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-09T02:39:42Z", "ms": -930345618304.3491 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-07-08T14:06:40+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-08T05:06:40Z", "ms": -930423199939.5675 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-09T11:39:42+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-09T02:39:42Z", "ms": -930345618304.3491 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-08T12:54:41+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-08T03:54:41Z", "ms": -930427518633.4778 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-08T13:42:41+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-08T04:42:41Z", "ms": -930424638633.4778 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-09T12:54:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-09T03:54:50Z", "ms": -930341109689.8113 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-09T13:42:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-09T04:42:50Z", "ms": -930338229689.8113 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:07 on Mon 8 Jul to 11:40 on Tue 9 Jul.", "fact": "1940-07-08T05:06:40Z → 1940-07-09T02:39:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:55–13:43 on the 8th, 12:55–13:43 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: unstated → second-day · margin 1439 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 9 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vināyaka Caturthī 1940 falls on Tuesday 9 July. Caturthī runs from 14:07 on Mon 8 Jul to 11:40 on Tue 9 Jul, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-07-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vivasvat-saptami", "festival": "vivasvat-saptami", "name": "Vivasvat Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-07-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21799, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1940-07-11T06:51:48+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-10T21:51:48Z", "ms": -930190092327.6083 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-12T04:38:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-11T19:38:17Z", "ms": -930111702544.2214 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-07-11T06:51:48+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-10T21:51:48Z", "ms": -930190092327.6083 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-12T04:38:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-11T19:38:17Z", "ms": -930111702544.2214 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-07-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-11T12:55:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-11T03:55:07Z", "ms": -930168293078.6786 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-11T13:43:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-11T04:43:07Z", "ms": -930165413078.6786 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-07-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-12T12:55:15+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-12T03:55:15Z", "ms": -930081885448.4128 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-12T13:43:15+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-12T04:43:15Z", "ms": -930079005448.4128 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 06:52 on Thu 11 Jul to 04:38 on Fri 12 Jul.", "fact": "1940-07-10T21:51:48Z → 1940-07-11T19:38:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:55–13:43 on the 11th, 12:55–13:43 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 21799 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vivasvat Saptamī, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 11 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vivasvat-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Vivasvat saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vivasvat Saptamī 1940 falls on Thursday 11 July. Saptamī runs from 06:52 on Thu 11 Jul to 04:38 on Fri 12 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vivasvat-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-07-15", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-07-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26240, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-07-14T23:01:32+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-14T14:01:32Z", "ms": -929872707896.523 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-15T21:34:26+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-15T12:34:26Z", "ms": -929791534343.8108 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-07-14T23:01:32+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-14T14:01:32Z", "ms": -929872707896.523 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-15T21:34:26+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-15T12:34:26Z", "ms": -929791534343.8108 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-15T06:18:53+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-14T21:18:53Z", "ms": -929846467440.0989 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-15T06:18:53+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-14T21:18:53Z", "ms": -929846467440.0989 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-07-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-16T06:19:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-15T21:19:27Z", "ms": -929760033070.6917 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-16T06:19:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-15T21:19:27Z", "ms": -929760033070.6917 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 23:02 on Sun 14 Jul to 21:34 on Mon 15 Jul.", "fact": "1940-07-14T14:01:32Z → 1940-07-15T12:34:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:19 on the 15th and 06:19 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 15th and is not on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26240 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 15 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Hariśayanī Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Monday 15 July. Ekādaśī runs from 23:02 on Sun 14 Jul to 21:34 on Mon 15 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-07-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-07-16", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-07-16", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 178, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-07-16T20:22:52+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-16T11:22:52Z", "ms": -929709428353.5524 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-17T19:29:52+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-17T10:29:52Z", "ms": -929626207885.3296 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-07-16T20:22:52+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-16T11:22:52Z", "ms": -929709428353.5524 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-17T19:29:52+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-17T10:29:52Z", "ms": -929626207885.3296 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-07-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-16T20:19:54+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-16T11:19:54Z", "ms": -929709606478.4344 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-16T21:39:55+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-16T12:39:55Z", "ms": -929704805376.7269 } }, "covered_min": 77, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-07-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-17T20:19:29+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-17T11:19:29Z", "ms": -929623231033.9583 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-17T21:39:38+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-17T12:39:38Z", "ms": -929618421949.733 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:23 on Tue 16 Jul to 19:30 on Wed 17 Jul.", "fact": "1940-07-16T11:22:52Z → 1940-07-17T10:29:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:20–21:40 on the 16th, 20:19–21:40 on the 17th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 77 of 80 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 80 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 178 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 16 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-16", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Tuesday 16 July. Trayodaśī runs from 20:23 on Tue 16 Jul to 19:30 on Wed 17 Jul and covers 77 of 80 minutes of pradoṣa that evening. It is 2 min 58 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-07-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shiva-shayanotsava", "festival": "shiva-shayanotsava", "name": "Śiva Śayanotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-07-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4786, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1940-07-18T18:59:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-18T09:59:17Z", "ms": -929541643337.495 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-19T18:55:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-19T09:55:17Z", "ms": -929455483201.3009 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-07-18T18:59:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-18T09:59:17Z", "ms": -929541643337.495 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-19T18:55:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-19T09:55:17Z", "ms": -929455483201.3009 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-18T20:19:03+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-18T11:19:03Z", "ms": -929536857098.4459 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-18T21:39:20+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-18T12:39:20Z", "ms": -929532039772.9265 } }, "covered_min": 80, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-19T20:18:35+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-19T11:18:35Z", "ms": -929450484659.495 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-19T21:39:01+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-19T12:39:01Z", "ms": -929445658838.9857 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 18:59 on Thu 18 Jul to 18:55 on Fri 19 Jul.", "fact": "1940-07-18T09:59:17Z → 1940-07-19T09:55:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:19–21:39 on the 18th, 20:19–21:39 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 80 of 80 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 80 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4786 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śiva Śayanotsava, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 18 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shiva-shayanotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śiva Śayanotsava 1940 falls on Thursday 18 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 18:59 on Thu 18 Jul to 18:55 on Fri 19 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shiva-shayanotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vyasa-puja", "festival": "vyasa-puja", "name": "Vyāsa Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-07-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35195, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1940-07-18T18:59:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-18T09:59:17Z", "ms": -929541643337.495 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-19T18:55:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-19T09:55:17Z", "ms": -929455483201.3009 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-07-18T18:59:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-18T09:59:17Z", "ms": -929541643337.495 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-19T18:55:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-19T09:55:17Z", "ms": -929455483201.3009 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-18T06:20:37+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-17T21:20:37Z", "ms": -929587162902.2692 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-18T09:08:18+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-18T00:08:18Z", "ms": -929577101741.5045 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 168, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-19T06:21:13+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-18T21:21:13Z", "ms": -929500727157.0499 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-19T09:08:41+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-19T00:08:41Z", "ms": -929490678657.539 } }, "covered_min": 167, "window_min": 167, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 18:59 on Thu 18 Jul to 18:55 on Fri 19 Jul.", "fact": "1940-07-18T09:59:17Z → 1940-07-19T09:55:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:21–09:08 on the 18th, 06:21–09:09 on the 19th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 168 minutes on the 18th and 167 of 167 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35195 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vyāsa Pūjā, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 19 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vyasa-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vyāsa Pūjā 1940 falls on Friday 19 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 18:59 on Thu 18 Jul to 18:55 on Fri 19 Jul and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vyasa-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/guru-purnima", "festival": "guru-purnima", "name": "Guru Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-07-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18683, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1940-07-18T18:59:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-18T09:59:17Z", "ms": -929541643337.495 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-19T18:55:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-19T09:55:17Z", "ms": -929455483201.3009 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-07-18T18:59:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-18T09:59:17Z", "ms": -929541643337.495 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-19T18:55:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-19T09:55:17Z", "ms": -929455483201.3009 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-18T12:55:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-18T03:55:50Z", "ms": -929563450000.3575 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-18T13:43:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-18T04:43:50Z", "ms": -929560570000.3575 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-19T12:55:54+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-19T03:55:54Z", "ms": -929477045908.2725 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-19T13:43:54+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-19T04:43:54Z", "ms": -929474165908.2725 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 18:59 on Thu 18 Jul to 18:55 on Fri 19 Jul.", "fact": "1940-07-18T09:59:17Z → 1940-07-19T09:55:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:56–13:44 on the 18th, 12:56–13:44 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 48 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18683 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Guru Pūrṇimā, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 19 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "guru-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Guru Pūrṇimā 1940 falls on Friday 19 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 18:59 on Thu 18 Jul to 18:55 on Fri 19 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/guru-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/kokila-vrata", "festival": "kokila-vrata", "name": "Kokilā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-07-19", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 4786, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1940-07-18T18:59:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-18T09:59:17Z", "ms": -929541643337.495 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-19T18:55:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-19T09:55:17Z", "ms": -929455483201.3009 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-07-18T18:59:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-18T09:59:17Z", "ms": -929541643337.495 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-19T18:55:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-19T09:55:17Z", "ms": -929455483201.3009 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-18T17:31:22+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-18T08:31:22Z", "ms": -929546918259.2106 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-18T20:19:03+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-18T11:19:03Z", "ms": -929536857098.4459 } }, "covered_min": 80, "window_min": 168, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-19T17:31:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-19T08:31:07Z", "ms": -929460533159.006 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-19T20:18:35+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-19T11:18:35Z", "ms": -929450484659.495 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 167, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 18:59 on Thu 18 Jul to 18:55 on Fri 19 Jul.", "fact": "1940-07-18T09:59:17Z → 1940-07-19T09:55:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 17:31–20:19 on the 18th, 17:31–20:19 on the 19th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 80 of 168 minutes on the 18th and 84 of 167 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both late afternoons qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 4786 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kokilā Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 19 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kokila-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-19", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-19", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kokilā Vrata 1940 falls on Friday 19 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 18:59 on Thu 18 Jul to 18:55 on Fri 19 Jul and covers 84 of 167 minutes of sāyāhna that late afternoon. It also reaches the previous late afternoon for 80 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/kokila-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-07-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3602, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1940-07-20T19:21:43+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-20T10:21:43Z", "ms": -929367497305.1147 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-21T20:21:05+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-21T11:21:05Z", "ms": -929277535245.1075 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-07-20T19:21:43+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-20T10:21:43Z", "ms": -929367497305.1147 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-21T20:21:05+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-21T11:21:05Z", "ms": -929277535245.1075 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-20T20:42:58+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-20T11:42:58Z", "ms": -929362621769.8336 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-20T20:42:58+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-20T11:42:58Z", "ms": -929362621769.8336 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-21T21:21:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-21T12:21:07Z", "ms": -929273933174.4211 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-21T21:21:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-21T12:21:07Z", "ms": -929273933174.4211 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 19:22 on Sat 20 Jul to 20:21 on Sun 21 Jul.", "fact": "1940-07-20T10:21:43Z → 1940-07-21T11:21:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:43 on the 20th and 21:21 on the 21st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3602 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha), Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 20 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunya sayana vrata (candrodaya vyapini; purvahna vyapini and purvaviddha in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row reads pūrvāhṇa and pūrvaviddha; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha) 1940 falls on Saturday 20 July. Dvitīyā runs from 19:22 on Sat 20 Jul to 20:21 on Sun 21 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-07-22", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-07-22", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin", "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 182, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-07-22T21:53:26+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-22T12:53:26Z", "ms": -929185594075.0354 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-23T23:55:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-23T14:55:17Z", "ms": -929091882874.2422 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-07-22T21:53:26+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-22T12:53:26Z", "ms": -929185594075.0354 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-23T23:55:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-23T14:55:17Z", "ms": -929091882874.2422 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-07-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-22T21:56:28+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-22T12:56:28Z", "ms": -929185411805.5304 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-22T21:56:28+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-22T12:56:28Z", "ms": -929185411805.5304 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-07-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-23T22:29:59+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-23T13:29:59Z", "ms": -929097001423.4122 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-23T22:29:59+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-23T13:29:59Z", "ms": -929097001423.4122 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:53 on Mon 22 Jul to 23:55 on Tue 23 Jul.", "fact": "1940-07-22T12:53:26Z → 1940-07-23T14:55:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:56 on the 22nd and 22:30 on the 23rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 22nd and is on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both moonrises qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 182 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 22 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin, tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-22", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-22", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1940 falls on Monday 22 July. Caturthī runs from 21:53 on Mon 22 Jul to 23:55 on Tue 23 Jul and is current at moonrise that day. It is 3 min 02 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-07-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-07-31", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-07-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19765, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-07-30T11:57:32+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-30T02:57:32Z", "ms": -928530147692.9965 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-31T12:01:14+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-31T03:01:14Z", "ms": -928443526448.0923 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-07-30T11:57:32+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-30T02:57:32Z", "ms": -928530147692.9965 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-31T12:01:14+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-31T03:01:14Z", "ms": -928443526448.0923 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-07-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-30T06:28:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-29T21:28:07Z", "ms": -928549912573.3635 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-30T06:28:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-29T21:28:07Z", "ms": -928549912573.3635 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-07-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-07-31T06:28:46+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-30T21:28:46Z", "ms": -928463473567.3652 }, "end": { "local": "1940-07-31T06:28:46+09:00", "utc": "1940-07-30T21:28:46Z", "ms": -928463473567.3652 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:58 on Tue 30 Jul to 12:01 on Wed 31 Jul.", "fact": "1940-07-30T02:57:32Z → 1940-07-31T03:01:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:28 on the 30th and 06:29 on the 31st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 30th and is on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19765 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 31 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-07-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kāmikā Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Wednesday 31 July. Ekādaśī runs from 11:58 on Tue 30 Jul to 12:01 on Wed 31 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-07-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-08-01", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32018, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-08-01T11:16:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-01T02:16:50Z", "ms": -928359789969.4335 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-02T09:48:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-02T00:48:27Z", "ms": -928278693165.4877 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-01T11:16:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-01T02:16:50Z", "ms": -928359789969.4335 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-02T09:48:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-02T00:48:27Z", "ms": -928278693165.4877 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-01T20:10:28+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-01T11:10:28Z", "ms": -928327772311.2922 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-01T21:33:05+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-01T12:33:05Z", "ms": -928322815366.9098 } }, "covered_min": 83, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-08-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-02T20:09:41+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-02T11:09:41Z", "ms": -928241419185.7004 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-02T21:32:29+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-02T12:32:29Z", "ms": -928236450753.332 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 11:17 on Thu 1 Aug to 09:48 on Fri 2 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-01T02:16:50Z → 1940-08-02T00:48:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:10–21:33 on the 1st, 20:10–21:32 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 83 of 83 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 83 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32018 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 1 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Thursday 1 August. Trayodaśī runs from 11:17 on Thu 1 Aug to 09:48 on Fri 2 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-08-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-08-02", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21527, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-08-02T09:48:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-02T00:48:27Z", "ms": -928278693165.4877 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-03T07:42:59+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-02T22:42:59Z", "ms": -928199820847.1398 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-02T09:48:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-02T00:48:27Z", "ms": -928278693165.4877 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-03T07:42:59+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-02T22:42:59Z", "ms": -928199820847.1398 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-02T00:56:16+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-01T15:56:16Z", "ms": -928310623769.8582 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-02T01:44:16+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-01T16:44:16Z", "ms": -928307743769.8582 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-08-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-03T00:56:12+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-02T15:56:12Z", "ms": -928224227564.3191 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-03T01:44:12+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-02T16:44:12Z", "ms": -928221347564.3191 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 09:48 on Fri 2 Aug to 07:43 on Sat 3 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-02T00:48:27Z → 1940-08-02T22:42:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:56–01:44 on the 1st, 00:56–01:44 on the 2nd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21527 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 2 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śivarātri 1940 falls on Friday 2 August. Caturdaśī runs from 09:48 on Fri 2 Aug to 07:43 on Sat 3 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-08-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/madhusrava-tritiya", "festival": "madhusrava-tritiya", "name": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Hariyali Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23120, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1940-08-05T23:13:00+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-05T14:13:00Z", "ms": -927971220148.1292 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-06T20:08:52+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-06T11:08:52Z", "ms": -927895868058.1722 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-05T23:13:00+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-05T14:13:00Z", "ms": -927971220148.1292 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-06T20:08:52+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-06T11:08:52Z", "ms": -927895868058.1722 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-05T12:55:38+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-05T03:55:38Z", "ms": -928008262248.4773 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-05T13:43:38+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-05T04:43:38Z", "ms": -928005382248.4773 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-06T12:55:32+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-06T03:55:32Z", "ms": -927921868456.9368 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-06T13:43:32+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-06T04:43:32Z", "ms": -927918988456.9368 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 23:13 on Mon 5 Aug to 20:09 on Tue 6 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-05T14:13:00Z → 1940-08-06T11:08:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:56–13:44 on the 5th, 12:56–13:44 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 23120 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 6 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "madhusrava-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Madhusrava (Gujerat) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Madhusravā Tṛtīyā (Hariyali Teej) 1940 falls on Tuesday 6 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 23:13 on Mon 5 Aug to 20:09 on Tue 6 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/madhusrava-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-08-07", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12471, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-08-06T20:08:52+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-06T11:08:52Z", "ms": -927895868058.1722 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-07T17:11:16+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-07T08:11:16Z", "ms": -927820124131.7504 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-06T20:08:52+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-06T11:08:52Z", "ms": -927895868058.1722 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-07T17:11:16+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-07T08:11:16Z", "ms": -927820124131.7504 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-06T12:55:32+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-06T03:55:32Z", "ms": -927921868456.9368 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-06T13:43:32+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-06T04:43:32Z", "ms": -927918988456.9368 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-08-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-07T12:55:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-07T03:55:25Z", "ms": -927835475265.7751 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-07T13:43:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-07T04:43:25Z", "ms": -927832595265.7751 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:09 on Tue 6 Aug to 17:11 on Wed 7 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-06T11:08:52Z → 1940-08-07T08:11:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:56–13:44 on the 6th, 12:55–13:43 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12471 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 7 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vināyaka Caturthī 1940 falls on Wednesday 7 August. Caturthī runs from 20:09 on Tue 6 Aug to 17:11 on Wed 7 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-08-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/naga-panchami", "festival": "naga-panchami", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2599, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1940-08-07T17:11:16+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-07T08:11:16Z", "ms": -927820124131.7504 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-08T14:26:36+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-08T05:26:36Z", "ms": -927743603944.3138 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-07T17:11:16+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-07T08:11:16Z", "ms": -927820124131.7504 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-08T14:26:36+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-08T05:26:36Z", "ms": -927743603944.3138 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-07T12:55:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-07T03:55:25Z", "ms": -927835475265.7751 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-07T13:43:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-07T04:43:25Z", "ms": -927832595265.7751 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-08-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-08T12:55:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-08T03:55:17Z", "ms": -927749082674.6785 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-08T13:43:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-08T04:43:17Z", "ms": -927746202674.6785 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 17:11 on Wed 7 Aug to 14:27 on Thu 8 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-07T08:11:16Z → 1940-08-08T05:26:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:55–13:43 on the 7th, 12:55–13:43 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2599 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 8 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Nāga Pañcamī 1940 falls on Thursday 8 August. Pañcamī runs from 17:11 on Wed 7 Aug to 14:27 on Thu 8 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/naga-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-08-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2123, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-08-13T06:01:53+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-12T21:01:53Z", "ms": -927341886976.7434 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-14T05:34:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-13T20:34:06Z", "ms": -927257153584.7068 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-13T06:01:53+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-12T21:01:53Z", "ms": -927341886976.7434 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-14T05:34:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-13T20:34:06Z", "ms": -927257153584.7068 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-13T06:37:16+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-12T21:37:16Z", "ms": -927339763907.672 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-13T06:37:16+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-12T21:37:16Z", "ms": -927339763907.672 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-14T06:37:55+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-13T21:37:55Z", "ms": -927253325127.3329 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-14T06:37:55+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-13T21:37:55Z", "ms": -927253325127.3329 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:02 on Tue 13 Aug to 05:34 on Wed 14 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-12T21:01:53Z → 1940-08-13T20:34:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:37 on the 13th and 06:38 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 13th and is not on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2123 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 13 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Putradā Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Tuesday 13 August. Ekādaśī runs from 06:02 on Tue 13 Aug to 05:34 on Wed 14 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-08-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/damodara-dvadashi", "festival": "damodara-dvadashi", "name": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26414, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-08-14T05:34:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-13T20:34:06Z", "ms": -927257153584.7068 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-15T05:31:40+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-14T20:31:40Z", "ms": -927170899810.2968 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-14T05:34:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-13T20:34:06Z", "ms": -927257153584.7068 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-15T05:31:40+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-14T20:31:40Z", "ms": -927170899810.2968 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-14T12:54:21+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-14T03:54:21Z", "ms": -927230739481.5197 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-14T13:42:21+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-14T04:42:21Z", "ms": -927227859481.5197 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-08-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-15T12:54:09+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-15T03:54:09Z", "ms": -927144350932.4932 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-15T13:42:09+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-15T04:42:09Z", "ms": -927141470932.4932 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 05:34 on Wed 14 Aug to 05:32 on Thu 15 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-13T20:34:06Z → 1940-08-14T20:31:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:54–13:42 on the 14th, 12:54–13:42 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26414 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 14 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "damodara-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Buddha dvadasi, Damodara dvadasi (purvaviddha), Visnu-pavitraropana." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Dāmodara Dvādaśī 1940 falls on Wednesday 14 August. Dvādaśī runs from 05:34 on Wed 14 Aug to 05:32 on Thu 15 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/damodara-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-08-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29256, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-08-15T05:31:40+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-14T20:31:40Z", "ms": -927170899810.2968 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-16T05:55:10+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-15T20:55:10Z", "ms": -927083090277.3319 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-15T05:31:40+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-14T20:31:40Z", "ms": -927170899810.2968 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-16T05:55:10+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-15T20:55:10Z", "ms": -927083090277.3319 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-14T19:58:46+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-14T10:58:46Z", "ms": -927205273835.7064 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-14T21:24:04+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-14T12:24:04Z", "ms": -927200155518.9397 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-08-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-15T19:57:45+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-15T10:57:45Z", "ms": -927118935405.0303 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-15T21:23:16+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-15T12:23:16Z", "ms": -927113803738.8597 } }, "covered_min": 86, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:32 on Thu 15 Aug to 05:55 on Fri 16 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-14T20:31:40Z → 1940-08-15T20:55:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:59–21:24 on the 14th, 19:58–21:23 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 85 minutes on the 14th and 86 of 86 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29256 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 15 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Thursday 15 August. Trayodaśī runs from 05:32 on Thu 15 Aug to 05:55 on Fri 16 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-08-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/raksha-bandhana", "festival": "raksha-bandhana", "name": "Rakṣā Bandhana", "everyday": "Rakhi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-17", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 4917, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1940-08-17T06:45:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-16T21:45:17Z", "ms": -926993682606.7828 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-18T08:02:26+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-17T23:02:26Z", "ms": -926902654037.2899 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "second-half", "start": { "local": "1940-08-17T19:20:29+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-17T10:20:29Z", "ms": -926948370528.8696 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-18T08:02:26+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-17T23:02:26Z", "ms": -926902654037.2899 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-17T06:39:51+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-16T21:39:51Z", "ms": -926994009475.624 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-18T06:40:29+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-17T21:40:29Z", "ms": -926907571161.3656 } }, "covered_min": 680, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-18T06:40:29+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-17T21:40:29Z", "ms": -926907571161.3656 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-19T06:41:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-18T21:41:07Z", "ms": -926821132965.8615 } }, "covered_min": 82, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 06:45 on Sat 17 Aug to 08:02 on Sun 18 Aug. Its second half begins at 19:20 on Sat 17 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-16T21:45:17Z → 1940-08-17T23:02:26Z · second half from 1940-08-17T10:20:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:40 on the 17th, and from 06:40 on the 18th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The second half of Pūrṇimā must be present during the day. It covers 680 of 1441 minutes on the 17th and 82 of 1441 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both days qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 4917 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rakṣā Bandhana, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 17 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "raksha-bandhana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "day", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated", "half": "second" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-17", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-17", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Rakṣā Bandhana (Rakhi) 1940 falls on Saturday 17 August. The second half of Pūrṇimā runs from 19:20 on Sat 17 Aug to 08:02 on Sun 18 Aug and falls on two days: 680 minutes of it on the 17th, 82 on the 18th; the rule does not say which to take, and the day that holds more of it is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/raksha-bandhana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/rishi-tarpana", "festival": "rishi-tarpana", "name": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17466, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1940-08-17T06:45:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-16T21:45:17Z", "ms": -926993682606.7828 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-18T08:02:26+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-17T23:02:26Z", "ms": -926902654037.2899 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-17T06:45:17+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-16T21:45:17Z", "ms": -926993682606.7828 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-18T08:02:26+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-17T23:02:26Z", "ms": -926902654037.2899 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-17T12:53:45+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-17T03:53:45Z", "ms": -926971575432.6913 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-17T13:41:45+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-17T04:41:45Z", "ms": -926968695432.6913 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-18T12:53:32+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-18T03:53:32Z", "ms": -926885188454.8702 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-18T13:41:32+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-18T04:41:32Z", "ms": -926882308454.8702 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 06:45 on Sat 17 Aug to 08:02 on Sun 18 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-16T21:45:17Z → 1940-08-17T23:02:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:54–13:42 on the 17th, 12:54–13:42 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17466 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 17 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa 1940 falls on Saturday 17 August. Pūrṇimā runs from 06:45 on Sat 17 Aug to 08:02 on Sun 18 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/rishi-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32999, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1940-08-19T09:45:57+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-19T00:45:57Z", "ms": -926810043215.2904 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-20T11:53:20+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-20T02:53:20Z", "ms": -926716000492.8105 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-19T09:45:57+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-19T00:45:57Z", "ms": -926810043215.2904 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-20T11:53:20+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-20T02:53:20Z", "ms": -926716000492.8105 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-19T20:30:19+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-19T11:30:19Z", "ms": -926771381174.1564 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-19T20:30:19+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-19T11:30:19Z", "ms": -926771381174.1564 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-20T21:03:18+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-20T12:03:18Z", "ms": -926683001525.9415 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-20T21:03:18+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-20T12:03:18Z", "ms": -926683001525.9415 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 09:46 on Mon 19 Aug to 11:53 on Tue 20 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-19T00:45:57Z → 1940-08-20T02:53:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:30 on the 19th and 21:03 on the 20th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 19th and is not on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 32999 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 19 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunyasayana vrata (Dvitiya current at moonrise; if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata 1940 falls on Monday 19 August. Dvitīyā runs from 09:46 on Mon 19 Aug to 11:53 on Tue 20 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/kajjali-tritiya", "festival": "kajjali-tritiya", "name": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Kajari Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2315, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 17, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1940-08-20T11:53:20+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-20T02:53:20Z", "ms": -926716000492.8105 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-21T14:19:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-21T05:19:25Z", "ms": -926620835005.1168 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-20T11:53:20+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-20T02:53:20Z", "ms": -926716000492.8105 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-21T14:19:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-21T05:19:25Z", "ms": -926620835005.1168 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-20T12:53:04+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-20T03:53:04Z", "ms": -926712415971.7993 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-20T13:41:04+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-20T04:41:04Z", "ms": -926709535971.7993 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-21T12:52:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-21T03:52:50Z", "ms": -926626030436.8477 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-21T13:40:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-21T04:40:50Z", "ms": -926623150436.8477 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 11:53 on Tue 20 Aug to 14:19 on Wed 21 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-20T02:53:20Z → 1940-08-21T05:19:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:53–13:41 on the 20th, 12:53–13:41 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 2315 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 21 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kajjali-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 3 Kajjali trtiya, (paraviddha), Angaveta trtiya (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-21", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kajjalī Tṛtīyā (Kajari Teej) 1940 falls on Wednesday 21 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 11:53 on Tue 20 Aug to 14:19 on Wed 21 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/kajjali-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/bahula-chaturthi", "festival": "bahula-chaturthi", "name": "Bahulā Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1005, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-08-21T14:19:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-21T05:19:25Z", "ms": -926620835005.1168 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-22T16:55:58+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-22T07:55:58Z", "ms": -926525041778.053 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-21T14:19:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-21T05:19:25Z", "ms": -926620835005.1168 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-22T16:55:58+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-22T07:55:58Z", "ms": -926525041778.053 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-21T17:13:29+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-21T08:13:29Z", "ms": -926610390542.6355 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-21T19:51:16+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-21T10:51:16Z", "ms": -926600923946.494 } }, "covered_min": 158, "window_min": 158, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-22T17:12:43+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-22T08:12:43Z", "ms": -926524037115.983 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-22T19:50:08+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-22T10:50:08Z", "ms": -926514591624.781 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 157, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:19 on Wed 21 Aug to 16:56 on Thu 22 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-21T05:19:25Z → 1940-08-22T07:55:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 17:13–19:51 on the 21st, 17:13–19:50 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 158 of 158 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 157 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1005 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bahulā Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 21 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bahula-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Bahula caturthi (Madhyadesa) (Sayahnavyapini: if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the 1st day)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Bahulā Caturthī 1940 falls on Wednesday 21 August. Caturthī runs from 14:19 on Wed 21 Aug to 16:56 on Thu 22 Aug and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/bahula-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-08-21", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18787, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-08-21T14:19:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-21T05:19:25Z", "ms": -926620835005.1168 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-22T16:55:58+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-22T07:55:58Z", "ms": -926525041778.053 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-21T14:19:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-21T05:19:25Z", "ms": -926620835005.1168 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-22T16:55:58+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-22T07:55:58Z", "ms": -926525041778.053 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-21T21:35:57+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-21T12:35:57Z", "ms": -926594643164.9684 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-21T21:35:57+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-21T12:35:57Z", "ms": -926594643164.9684 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-22T22:09:05+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-22T13:09:05Z", "ms": -926506254675.5011 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-22T22:09:05+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-22T13:09:05Z", "ms": -926506254675.5011 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:19 on Wed 21 Aug to 16:56 on Thu 22 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-21T05:19:25Z → 1940-08-22T07:55:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:36 on the 21st and 22:09 on the 22nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 21st and is not on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18787 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 21 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1940 falls on Wednesday 21 August. Caturthī runs from 14:19 on Wed 21 Aug to 16:56 on Thu 22 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-08-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/hala-shashthi", "festival": "hala-shashthi", "name": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21090, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1940-08-23T19:31:49+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-23T10:31:49Z", "ms": -926429290656.1991 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-24T21:53:54+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-24T12:53:54Z", "ms": -926334365956.4448 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-23T19:31:49+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-23T10:31:49Z", "ms": -926429290656.1991 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-24T21:53:54+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-24T12:53:54Z", "ms": -926334365956.4448 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-23T12:52:19+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-23T03:52:19Z", "ms": -926453260704.3137 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-23T13:40:19+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-23T04:40:19Z", "ms": -926450380704.3137 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-24T12:52:04+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-24T03:52:04Z", "ms": -926366876476.043 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-24T13:40:04+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-24T04:40:04Z", "ms": -926363996476.043 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 19:32 on Fri 23 Aug to 21:54 on Sat 24 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-23T10:31:49Z → 1940-08-24T12:53:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:52–13:40 on the 23rd, 12:52–13:40 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21090 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 24 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "hala-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Hala sasthi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Hala Ṣaṣṭhī 1940 falls on Saturday 24 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 19:32 on Fri 23 Aug to 21:54 on Sat 24 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/hala-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shitala-saptami", "festival": "shitala-saptami", "name": "Śītalā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29631, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 21, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1940-08-24T21:53:54+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-24T12:53:54Z", "ms": -926334365956.4448 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-25T23:48:57+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-25T14:48:57Z", "ms": -926241063101.8833 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-24T21:53:54+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-24T12:53:54Z", "ms": -926334365956.4448 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-25T23:48:57+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-25T14:48:57Z", "ms": -926241063101.8833 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-24T12:52:04+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-24T03:52:04Z", "ms": -926366876476.043 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-24T13:40:04+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-24T04:40:04Z", "ms": -926363996476.043 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-25T12:51:47+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-25T03:51:47Z", "ms": -926280492652.5459 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-25T13:39:47+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-25T04:39:47Z", "ms": -926277612652.5459 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 21:54 on Sat 24 Aug to 23:49 on Sun 25 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-24T12:53:54Z → 1940-08-25T14:48:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:52–13:40 on the 24th, 12:52–13:40 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 48 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 29631 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalā Saptamī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 25 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitala-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 7 Sitala saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śītalā Saptamī 1940 falls on Sunday 25 August. Saptamī runs from 21:54 on Sat 24 Aug to 23:49 on Sun 25 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shitala-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/janmashtami", "festival": "janmashtami", "name": "Janmāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 822, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1940-08-25T23:48:57+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-25T14:48:57Z", "ms": -926241063101.8833 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-27T01:05:31+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-26T16:05:31Z", "ms": -926150068945.8518 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-25T23:48:57+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-25T14:48:57Z", "ms": -926241063101.8833 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-27T01:05:31+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-26T16:05:31Z", "ms": -926150068945.8518 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-26T00:52:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-25T15:52:06Z", "ms": -926237273946.196 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-26T01:40:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-25T16:40:06Z", "ms": -926234393946.196 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-27T00:51:49+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-26T15:51:49Z", "ms": -926150890562.6531 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-27T01:39:49+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-26T16:39:49Z", "ms": -926148010562.6531 } }, "covered_min": 14, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 23:49 on Sun 25 Aug to 01:06 on Tue 27 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-25T14:48:57Z → 1940-08-26T16:05:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:52–01:40 on the 25th, 00:52–01:40 on the 26th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 14 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both nights qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 822 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Janmāṣṭamī, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 26 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "janmashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Janmastami (madhyaratra-vyapini), if midnight is covered on two days, or not on any day, it is to be observed on the 2nd day; special when combined with naksatra 'Rohini' at midnight, more so when on Monday or Wednesday. If the combination occurs before midnight and 'Rohini' extends up to midnight, it is to be observed on that day. Gokulastami." } ], "not_evaluated": "The clauses on Rohiṇī nakṣatra, the Vaiṣṇava observance on the day after saptamī, and the Assam and South India reckoning in the solar month belong to other readings and are not applied.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Janmāṣṭamī 1940 falls on Monday 26 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 23:49 on Sun 25 Aug to 01:06 on Tue 27 Aug and covers 14 of 48 minutes of niśītha that night. It also reaches the previous night for 48 minutes; by the rule the second night is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/janmashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-08-29", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ajā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19905, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-08-29T01:15:38+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-28T16:15:38Z", "ms": -925976661914.2415 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-30T00:06:12+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-29T15:06:12Z", "ms": -925894427589.9594 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-29T01:15:38+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-28T16:15:38Z", "ms": -925976661914.2415 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-30T00:06:12+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-29T15:06:12Z", "ms": -925894427589.9594 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-29T06:47:23+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-28T21:47:23Z", "ms": -925956757150.4482 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-29T06:47:23+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-28T21:47:23Z", "ms": -925956757150.4482 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-30T06:48:00+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-29T21:48:00Z", "ms": -925870320125.6442 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-30T06:48:00+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-29T21:48:00Z", "ms": -925870320125.6442 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 01:16 on Thu 29 Aug to 00:06 on Fri 30 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-28T16:15:38Z → 1940-08-29T15:06:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:47 on the 29th and 06:48 on the 30th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 29th and is not on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19905 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ajā Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 29 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Ajā Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Thursday 29 August. Ekādaśī runs from 01:16 on Thu 29 Aug to 00:06 on Fri 30 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-08-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-08-30", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-30", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin", "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 28, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-08-30T22:11:40+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-30T13:11:40Z", "ms": -925814900217.5679 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-31T19:39:00+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-31T10:39:00Z", "ms": -925737659823.8267 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-30T22:11:40+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-30T13:11:40Z", "ms": -925814900217.5679 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-31T19:39:00+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-31T10:39:00Z", "ms": -925737659823.8267 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-30T19:40:42+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-30T10:40:42Z", "ms": -925823958021.4315 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-30T21:09:45+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-30T12:09:45Z", "ms": -925818614710.8525 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-31T19:39:28+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-31T10:39:28Z", "ms": -925737631534.5576 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-31T21:08:46+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-31T12:08:46Z", "ms": -925732273509.751 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:12 on Fri 30 Aug to 19:39 on Sat 31 Aug.", "fact": "1940-08-30T13:11:40Z → 1940-08-31T10:39:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:41–21:10 on the 30th, 19:39–21:09 on the 31st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 89 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 89 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither evening qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 28 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 30 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin, absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-31", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-30", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Friday 30 August. Trayodaśī runs from 22:12 on Fri 30 Aug to 19:39 on Sat 31 Aug, and reaches pradoṣa on neither day. It is 0 min 28 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-08-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/aghora-chaturdashi", "festival": "aghora-chaturdashi", "name": "Aghora Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-31", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 28, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-08-31T19:39:00+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-31T10:39:00Z", "ms": -925737659823.8267 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-01T16:36:56+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-01T07:36:56Z", "ms": -925662183903.5922 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-31T19:39:00+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-31T10:39:00Z", "ms": -925737659823.8267 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-01T16:36:56+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-01T07:36:56Z", "ms": -925662183903.5922 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-08-31T19:39:28+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-31T10:39:28Z", "ms": -925737631534.5576 }, "end": { "local": "1940-08-31T21:08:46+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-31T12:08:46Z", "ms": -925732273509.751 } }, "covered_min": 89, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-01T19:38:14+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-01T10:38:14Z", "ms": -925651305565.4897 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-01T21:07:47+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-01T12:07:47Z", "ms": -925645932769.2931 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:39 on Sat 31 Aug to 16:37 on Sun 1 Sep.", "fact": "1940-08-31T10:39:00Z → 1940-09-01T07:36:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:39–21:09 on the 31st, 19:38–21:08 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 89 of 89 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 90 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aghora Caturdaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 31 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aghora-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Aghora caturdasi (pradosa vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-31", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-31", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Aghora Caturdaśī 1940 falls on Saturday 31 August. Caturdaśī runs from 19:39 on Sat 31 Aug to 16:37 on Sun 1 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It is 0 min 28 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/aghora-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-08-31", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-08-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18681, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-08-31T19:39:00+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-31T10:39:00Z", "ms": -925737659823.8267 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-01T16:36:56+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-01T07:36:56Z", "ms": -925662183903.5922 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-08-31T19:39:00+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-31T10:39:00Z", "ms": -925737659823.8267 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-01T16:36:56+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-01T07:36:56Z", "ms": -925662183903.5922 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-01T00:50:21+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-31T15:50:21Z", "ms": -925718978941.5326 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-01T01:38:21+09:00", "utc": "1940-08-31T16:38:21Z", "ms": -925716098941.5326 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-02T00:50:02+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-01T15:50:02Z", "ms": -925632597579.7524 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-02T01:38:02+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-01T16:38:02Z", "ms": -925629717579.7524 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:39 on Sat 31 Aug to 16:37 on Sun 1 Sep.", "fact": "1940-08-31T10:39:00Z → 1940-09-01T07:36:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:50–01:38 on the 31st, 00:50–01:38 on the 1st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18681 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 31 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śivarātri 1940 falls on Saturday 31 August. Caturdaśī runs from 19:39 on Sat 31 Aug to 16:37 on Sun 1 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-08-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/rudra-vrata", "festival": "rudra-vrata", "name": "Rudra Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1342, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1940-09-02T13:15:03+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-02T04:15:03Z", "ms": -925587896624.8325 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-03T09:43:13+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-03T00:43:13Z", "ms": -925514206529.8547 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-02T13:15:03+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-02T04:15:03Z", "ms": -925587896624.8325 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-03T09:43:13+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-03T00:43:13Z", "ms": -925514206529.8547 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-02T12:49:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-02T03:49:25Z", "ms": -925589434842.5037 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-02T13:37:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-02T04:37:25Z", "ms": -925586554842.5037 } }, "covered_min": 22, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-03T12:49:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-03T03:49:06Z", "ms": -925503054008.0966 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-03T13:37:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-03T04:37:06Z", "ms": -925500174008.0966 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 13:15 on Mon 2 Sep to 09:43 on Tue 3 Sep.", "fact": "1940-09-02T04:15:03Z → 1940-09-03T00:43:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:49–13:37 on the 2nd, 12:49–13:37 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 22 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1342 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rudra Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 2 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rudra-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Rudra vrata (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Rudra Vrata 1940 falls on Monday 2 September. Pratipadā runs from 13:15 on Mon 2 Sep to 09:43 on Tue 3 Sep and covers 22 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/rudra-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/haritalika-vrata", "festival": "haritalika-vrata", "name": "Haritālikā Vrata", "everyday": "Hartalika Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23861, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1940-09-04T06:11:05+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-03T21:11:05Z", "ms": -925440534530.6892 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-05T02:47:44+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-04T17:47:44Z", "ms": -925366335510.8447 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-04T06:11:05+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-03T21:11:05Z", "ms": -925440534530.6892 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-05T02:47:44+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-04T17:47:44Z", "ms": -925366335510.8447 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-04T12:48:47+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-04T03:48:47Z", "ms": -925416673441.865 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-04T13:36:47+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-04T04:36:47Z", "ms": -925413793441.865 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-05T12:48:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-05T03:48:27Z", "ms": -925330293131.1968 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-05T13:36:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-05T04:36:27Z", "ms": -925327413131.1968 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 06:11 on Wed 4 Sep to 02:48 on Thu 5 Sep.", "fact": "1940-09-03T21:11:05Z → 1940-09-04T17:47:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:49–13:37 on the 4th, 12:48–13:36 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 23861 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Haritālikā Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 4 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "haritalika-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Haritalika vrata (paraviddha), Gauri vrata (Orissa), Gauri (Mysore)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Haritālikā Vrata (Hartalika Teej) 1940 falls on Wednesday 4 September. Tṛtīyā runs from 06:11 on Wed 4 Sep to 02:48 on Thu 5 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/haritalika-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ganesha-chaturthi", "festival": "ganesha-chaturthi", "name": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36042, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-09-05T02:47:44+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-04T17:47:44Z", "ms": -925366335510.8447 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-05T23:41:23+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-05T14:41:23Z", "ms": -925291116636.0511 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-05T02:47:44+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-04T17:47:44Z", "ms": -925366335510.8447 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-05T23:41:23+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-05T14:41:23Z", "ms": -925291116636.0511 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-05T12:48:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-05T03:48:27Z", "ms": -925330293131.1968 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-05T13:36:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-05T04:36:27Z", "ms": -925327413131.1968 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-06T12:48:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-06T03:48:07Z", "ms": -925243913062.3556 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-06T13:36:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-06T04:36:07Z", "ms": -925241033062.3556 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 02:48 on Thu 5 Sep to 23:41 on Thu 5 Sep.", "fact": "1940-09-04T17:47:44Z → 1940-09-05T14:41:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:48–13:36 on the 5th, 12:48–13:36 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 36042 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 5 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Varada caturthi (purvaviddha, madhyahnavyapini), Samvatsari parva (Jain-caturthi paksa), Saubhagya caturthi (Bengal), Ganesa caturthi (madhyahna vyapini and purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Gaṇeśa Caturthī 1940 falls on Thursday 5 September. Caturthī runs from 02:48 on Thu 5 Sep to 23:41 on Thu 5 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ganesha-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/rishi-panchami", "festival": "rishi-panchami", "name": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26579, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1940-09-05T23:41:23+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-05T14:41:23Z", "ms": -925291116636.0511 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-06T20:59:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-06T11:59:06Z", "ms": -925214454295.4698 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-05T23:41:23+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-05T14:41:23Z", "ms": -925291116636.0511 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-06T20:59:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-06T11:59:06Z", "ms": -925214454295.4698 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-05T12:48:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-05T03:48:27Z", "ms": -925330293131.1968 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-05T13:36:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-05T04:36:27Z", "ms": -925327413131.1968 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-06T12:48:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-06T03:48:07Z", "ms": -925243913062.3556 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-06T13:36:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-06T04:36:07Z", "ms": -925241033062.3556 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 23:41 on Thu 5 Sep to 20:59 on Fri 6 Sep.", "fact": "1940-09-05T14:41:23Z → 1940-09-06T11:59:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:48–13:36 on the 5th, 12:48–13:36 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 26579 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 6 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 1940 falls on Friday 6 September. Pañcamī runs from 23:41 on Thu 5 Sep to 20:59 on Fri 6 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/rishi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "festival": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18643, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1940-09-06T20:59:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-06T11:59:06Z", "ms": -925214454295.4698 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-07T18:46:30+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-07T09:46:30Z", "ms": -925136009903.2672 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-06T20:59:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-06T11:59:06Z", "ms": -925214454295.4698 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-07T18:46:30+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-07T09:46:30Z", "ms": -925136009903.2672 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-06T12:48:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-06T03:48:07Z", "ms": -925243913062.3556 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-06T13:36:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-06T04:36:07Z", "ms": -925241033062.3556 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-07T12:47:47+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-07T03:47:47Z", "ms": -925157533220.2415 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-07T13:35:47+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-07T04:35:47Z", "ms": -925154653220.2415 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:59 on Fri 6 Sep to 18:47 on Sat 7 Sep.", "fact": "1940-09-06T11:59:06Z → 1940-09-07T09:46:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:48–13:36 on the 6th, 12:48–13:36 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18643 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada), Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 7 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Surya sasthi (paraviddha), Lolarka sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada) 1940 falls on Saturday 7 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:59 on Fri 6 Sep to 18:47 on Sat 7 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/muktabharana-vrata", "festival": "muktabharana-vrata", "name": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12731, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1940-09-07T18:46:30+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-07T09:46:30Z", "ms": -925136009903.2672 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-08T17:07:37+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-08T08:07:37Z", "ms": -925055542983.7491 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-07T18:46:30+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-07T09:46:30Z", "ms": -925136009903.2672 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-08T17:07:37+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-08T08:07:37Z", "ms": -925055542983.7491 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-07T12:47:47+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-07T03:47:47Z", "ms": -925157533220.2415 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-07T13:35:47+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-07T04:35:47Z", "ms": -925154653220.2415 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-08T12:47:26+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-08T03:47:26Z", "ms": -925071153588.3396 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-08T13:35:26+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-08T04:35:26Z", "ms": -925068273588.3396 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 18:47 on Sat 7 Sep to 17:08 on Sun 8 Sep.", "fact": "1940-09-07T09:46:30Z → 1940-09-08T08:07:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:48–13:36 on the 7th, 12:47–13:35 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 12731 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 8 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "muktabharana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Muktabharana vrata (purvaviddha), Lalita saptami (Bengal & Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Muktābharaṇa Vrata 1940 falls on Sunday 8 September. Saptamī runs from 18:47 on Sat 7 Sep to 17:08 on Sun 8 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/muktabharana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/radhashtami", "festival": "radhashtami", "name": "Rādhāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8976, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1940-09-08T17:07:37+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-08T08:07:37Z", "ms": -925055542983.7491 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-09T16:04:41+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-09T07:04:41Z", "ms": -924972918609.1876 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-08T17:07:37+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-08T08:07:37Z", "ms": -925055542983.7491 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-09T16:04:41+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-09T07:04:41Z", "ms": -924972918609.1876 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-08T12:47:26+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-08T03:47:26Z", "ms": -925071153588.3396 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-08T13:35:26+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-08T04:35:26Z", "ms": -925068273588.3396 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-09T12:47:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-09T03:47:06Z", "ms": -924984774148.8093 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-09T13:35:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-09T04:35:06Z", "ms": -924981894148.8093 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 17:08 on Sun 8 Sep to 16:05 on Mon 9 Sep.", "fact": "1940-09-08T08:07:37Z → 1940-09-09T07:04:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:47–13:35 on the 8th, 12:47–13:35 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8976 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rādhāṣṭamī, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 9 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "radhashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Durvastami (purvaviddha — S 8 of saura Bhadra except Bengal), Mahalaksmi vratarambha, Radhastami (madhyahna vyapini)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Rādhāṣṭamī 1940 falls on Monday 9 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 17:08 on Sun 8 Sep to 16:05 on Mon 9 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/radhashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-09-12", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31915, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-09-11T15:47:12+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-11T06:47:12Z", "ms": -924801167652.0562 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-12T16:29:22+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-12T07:29:22Z", "ms": -924712238386.1932 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-11T15:47:12+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-11T06:47:12Z", "ms": -924801167652.0562 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-12T16:29:22+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-12T07:29:22Z", "ms": -924712238386.1932 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-11T06:55:18+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-10T21:55:18Z", "ms": -924833082374.2563 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-11T06:55:18+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-10T21:55:18Z", "ms": -924833082374.2563 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-12T06:55:54+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-11T21:55:54Z", "ms": -924746646291.5428 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-12T06:55:54+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-11T21:55:54Z", "ms": -924746646291.5428 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:47 on Wed 11 Sep to 16:29 on Thu 12 Sep.", "fact": "1940-09-11T06:47:12Z → 1940-09-12T07:29:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:55 on the 11th and 06:56 on the 12th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 11th and is on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31915 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 12 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Parivartanī Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Thursday 12 September. Ekādaśī runs from 15:47 on Wed 11 Sep to 16:29 on Thu 12 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-09-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vamana-jayanti", "festival": "vamana-jayanti", "name": "Vāmana Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10518, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-09-12T16:29:22+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-12T07:29:22Z", "ms": -924712238386.1932 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-13T17:41:36+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-13T08:41:36Z", "ms": -924621503618.6597 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-12T16:29:22+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-12T07:29:22Z", "ms": -924712238386.1932 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-13T17:41:36+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-13T08:41:36Z", "ms": -924621503618.6597 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-12T12:46:03+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-12T03:46:03Z", "ms": -924725636789.3011 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-12T13:34:03+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-12T04:34:03Z", "ms": -924722756789.3011 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-13T12:45:42+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-13T03:45:42Z", "ms": -924639257919.7705 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-13T13:33:42+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-13T04:33:42Z", "ms": -924636377919.7705 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 16:29 on Thu 12 Sep to 17:42 on Fri 13 Sep.", "fact": "1940-09-12T07:29:22Z → 1940-09-13T08:41:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:46–13:34 on the 12th, 12:46–13:34 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10518 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vāmana Jayantī, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 13 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vamana-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Visnuparivartanotsava, Sakrotthana (in any of the naksatras U. Asadha, Sravana & Dhanistha), Kalki dvadasi, Sravana dvadasi (when combined with naksatra Sravana), Vamana jayanti (madhyahna vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vāmana Jayantī 1940 falls on Friday 13 September. Dvādaśī runs from 16:29 on Thu 12 Sep to 17:42 on Fri 13 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vamana-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-09-13", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-13", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 76, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-09-13T17:41:36+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-13T08:41:36Z", "ms": -924621503618.6597 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-14T19:20:20+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-14T10:20:20Z", "ms": -924529180131.7549 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-13T17:41:36+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-13T08:41:36Z", "ms": -924621503618.6597 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-14T19:20:20+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-14T10:20:20Z", "ms": -924529180131.7549 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-13T19:22:54+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-13T10:22:54Z", "ms": -924615425616.0267 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-13T20:55:28+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-13T11:55:28Z", "ms": -924609872087.9962 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-14T19:21:36+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-14T10:21:36Z", "ms": -924529104121.8857 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-14T20:54:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-14T11:54:25Z", "ms": -924523535315.481 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:42 on Fri 13 Sep to 19:20 on Sat 14 Sep.", "fact": "1940-09-13T08:41:36Z → 1940-09-14T10:20:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:23–20:55 on the 13th, 19:22–20:54 on the 14th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 93 of 93 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 93 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 76 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 13 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-13", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-13", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Friday 13 September. Trayodaśī runs from 17:42 on Fri 13 Sep to 19:20 on Sat 14 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It is 1 min 16 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-09-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ananta-chaturdashi", "festival": "ananta-chaturdashi", "name": "Ananta Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34606, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-09-14T19:20:20+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-14T10:20:20Z", "ms": -924529180131.7549 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-15T21:21:32+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-15T12:21:32Z", "ms": -924435508177.501 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-14T19:20:20+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-14T10:20:20Z", "ms": -924529180131.7549 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-15T21:21:32+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-15T12:21:32Z", "ms": -924435508177.501 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-15T06:57:42+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-14T21:57:42Z", "ms": -924487338073.8502 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-15T09:26:13+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-15T00:26:13Z", "ms": -924478427014.2231 } }, "covered_min": 149, "window_min": 149, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-09-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-16T06:58:18+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-15T21:58:18Z", "ms": -924400901961.1204 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-16T09:26:26+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-16T00:26:26Z", "ms": -924392013878.2917 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 148, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:20 on Sat 14 Sep to 21:22 on Sun 15 Sep.", "fact": "1940-09-14T10:20:20Z → 1940-09-15T12:21:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:58–09:26 on the 15th, 06:58–09:26 on the 16th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 149 of 149 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 148 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34606 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ananta Caturdaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 15 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananta-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Ananta caturdasi (covering three muhurtas from sunrise, but one muhurta in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row asks for one muhūrta from sunrise; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Ananta Caturdaśī 1940 falls on Sunday 15 September. Caturdaśī runs from 19:20 on Sat 14 Sep to 21:22 on Sun 15 Sep and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ananta-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-09-20", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38608, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-09-20T07:27:47+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-19T22:27:47Z", "ms": -924053532663.229 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-21T09:54:14+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-21T00:54:14Z", "ms": -923958345890.5568 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-20T07:27:47+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-19T22:27:47Z", "ms": -924053532663.229 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-21T09:54:14+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-21T00:54:14Z", "ms": -923958345890.5568 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-19T20:44:19+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-19T11:44:19Z", "ms": -924092141148.462 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-19T20:44:19+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-19T11:44:19Z", "ms": -924092141148.462 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-20T21:20:10+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-20T12:20:10Z", "ms": -924003589994.479 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-20T21:20:10+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-20T12:20:10Z", "ms": -924003589994.479 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:28 on Fri 20 Sep to 09:54 on Sat 21 Sep.", "fact": "1940-09-19T22:27:47Z → 1940-09-21T00:54:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:44 on the 19th and 21:20 on the 20th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 38608 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 20 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1940 falls on Friday 20 September. Caturthī runs from 07:28 on Fri 20 Sep to 09:54 on Sat 21 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-09-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/chandra-shashthi", "festival": "chandra-shashthi", "name": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35385, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1940-09-22T12:00:24+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-22T03:00:24Z", "ms": -923864376206.1499 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-23T13:36:34+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-23T04:36:34Z", "ms": -923772206204.3136 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-22T12:00:24+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-22T03:00:24Z", "ms": -923864376206.1499 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-23T13:36:34+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-23T04:36:34Z", "ms": -923772206204.3136 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-22T22:40:29+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-22T13:40:29Z", "ms": -923825970764.6898 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-22T22:40:29+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-22T13:40:29Z", "ms": -923825970764.6898 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-23T23:26:19+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-23T14:26:19Z", "ms": -923736821052.2795 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-23T23:26:19+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-23T14:26:19Z", "ms": -923736821052.2795 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 12:00 on Sun 22 Sep to 13:37 on Mon 23 Sep.", "fact": "1940-09-22T03:00:24Z → 1940-09-23T04:36:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:40 on the 22nd and 23:26 on the 23rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 22nd and is not on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 35385 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 22 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chandra-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Candra sasthi (Sasthi current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Candra Ṣaṣṭhī 1940 falls on Sunday 22 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 12:00 on Sun 22 Sep to 13:37 on Mon 23 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/chandra-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/jitashtami", "festival": "jitashtami", "name": "Jitāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Jitiya", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15565, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1940-09-24T14:34:20+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-24T05:34:20Z", "ms": -923682339660.1392 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-25T14:47:44+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-25T05:47:44Z", "ms": -923595135923.4653 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-24T14:34:20+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-24T05:34:20Z", "ms": -923682339660.1392 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-25T14:47:44+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-25T05:47:44Z", "ms": -923595135923.4653 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-24T19:08:28+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-24T10:08:28Z", "ms": -923665892334.985 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-24T20:43:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-24T11:43:50Z", "ms": -923660169750.7233 } }, "covered_min": 95, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-25T19:07:09+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-25T10:07:09Z", "ms": -923579570812.6007 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-25T20:42:47+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-25T11:42:47Z", "ms": -923573832793.6407 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 96, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 14:34 on Tue 24 Sep to 14:48 on Wed 25 Sep.", "fact": "1940-09-24T05:34:20Z → 1940-09-25T05:47:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:08–20:44 on the 24th, 19:07–20:43 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 95 of 95 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 96 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15565 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jitāṣṭamī, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 24 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "jitashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Jitāṣṭamī (Jitiya) 1940 falls on Tuesday 24 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 14:34 on Tue 24 Sep to 14:48 on Wed 25 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/jitashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "festival": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "name": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34931, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1940-09-24T14:34:20+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-24T05:34:20Z", "ms": -923682339660.1392 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-25T14:47:44+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-25T05:47:44Z", "ms": -923595135923.4653 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-24T14:34:20+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-24T05:34:20Z", "ms": -923682339660.1392 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-25T14:47:44+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-25T05:47:44Z", "ms": -923595135923.4653 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-25T00:16:31+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-24T15:16:31Z", "ms": -923647408803.1499 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-25T00:16:31+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-24T15:16:31Z", "ms": -923647408803.1499 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-26T01:11:09+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-25T16:11:09Z", "ms": -923557730526.9081 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-26T01:11:09+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-25T16:11:09Z", "ms": -923557730526.9081 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 14:34 on Tue 24 Sep to 14:48 on Wed 25 Sep.", "fact": "1940-09-24T05:34:20Z → 1940-09-25T05:47:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 00:17 on the 24th and 01:11 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 24th and is not on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34931 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 24 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana 1940 falls on Tuesday 24 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 14:34 on Tue 24 Sep to 14:48 on Wed 25 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-09-28", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Indirā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13411, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-09-27T12:53:12+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-27T03:53:12Z", "ms": -923429207632.5717 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-28T10:49:10+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-28T01:49:10Z", "ms": -923350249552.3756 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-27T12:53:12+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-27T03:53:12Z", "ms": -923429207632.5717 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-28T10:49:10+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-28T01:49:10Z", "ms": -923350249552.3756 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-27T07:05:02+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-26T22:05:02Z", "ms": -923450098191.303 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-27T07:05:02+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-26T22:05:02Z", "ms": -923450098191.303 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-28T07:05:39+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-27T22:05:39Z", "ms": -923363660504.316 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-28T07:05:39+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-27T22:05:39Z", "ms": -923363660504.316 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:53 on Fri 27 Sep to 10:49 on Sat 28 Sep.", "fact": "1940-09-27T03:53:12Z → 1940-09-28T01:49:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:05 on the 27th and 07:06 on the 28th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 27th and is on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13411 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Indirā Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 28 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Indirā Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Saturday 28 September. Ekādaśī runs from 12:53 on Fri 27 Sep to 10:49 on Sat 28 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-09-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-09-29", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29871, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-09-29T08:07:42+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-28T23:07:42Z", "ms": -923273538282.8866 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-30T04:56:29+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-29T19:56:29Z", "ms": -923198611423.274 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-29T08:07:42+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-28T23:07:42Z", "ms": -923273538282.8866 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-30T04:56:29+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-29T19:56:29Z", "ms": -923198611423.274 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-28T19:03:15+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-28T10:03:15Z", "ms": -923320605050.9423 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-28T20:39:39+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-28T11:39:39Z", "ms": -923314820724.0596 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 96, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-29T19:01:57+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-29T10:01:57Z", "ms": -923234282640.4772 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-29T20:38:37+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-29T11:38:37Z", "ms": -923228482884.0868 } }, "covered_min": 97, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:08 on Sun 29 Sep to 04:56 on Mon 30 Sep.", "fact": "1940-09-28T23:07:42Z → 1940-09-29T19:56:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:03–20:40 on the 28th, 19:02–20:39 on the 29th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 96 minutes on the 28th and 97 of 97 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29871 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 29 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Sunday 29 September. Trayodaśī runs from 08:08 on Sun 29 Sep to 04:56 on Mon 30 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-09-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-09-30", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-09-30", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 222, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-09-30T04:56:29+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-29T19:56:29Z", "ms": -923198611423.274 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-01T01:24:24+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-30T16:24:24Z", "ms": -923124935505.9946 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-09-30T04:56:29+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-29T19:56:29Z", "ms": -923198611423.274 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-01T01:24:24+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-30T16:24:24Z", "ms": -923124935505.9946 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-30T00:40:26+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-29T15:40:26Z", "ms": -923213973554.0134 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-30T01:28:26+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-29T16:28:26Z", "ms": -923211093554.0134 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-01T00:40:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-30T15:40:07Z", "ms": -923127593021.5336 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-01T01:28:07+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-30T16:28:07Z", "ms": -923124713021.5336 } }, "covered_min": 44, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 04:56 on Mon 30 Sep to 01:24 on Tue 1 Oct.", "fact": "1940-09-29T19:56:29Z → 1940-09-30T16:24:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:40–01:28 on the 29th, 00:40–01:28 on the 30th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 44 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 222 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 30 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-30", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-09-30", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śivarātri 1940 falls on Monday 30 September. Caturdaśī runs from 04:56 on Mon 30 Sep to 01:24 on Tue 1 Oct and covers 44 of 48 minutes of niśītha that night. It is 3 min 42 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-09-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/mahalaya-amavasya", "festival": "mahalaya-amavasya", "name": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā", "everyday": "Sarvapitṛ Amāvāsyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18243, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1940-10-01T01:24:24+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-30T16:24:24Z", "ms": -923124935505.9946 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-01T21:41:04+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-01T12:41:04Z", "ms": -923051935855.2948 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-01T01:24:24+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-30T16:24:24Z", "ms": -923124935505.9946 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-01T21:41:04+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-01T12:41:04Z", "ms": -923051935855.2948 } }, "kaala": "aparahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-09-30T14:15:10+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-30T05:15:10Z", "ms": -923165089751.9655 }, "end": { "local": "1940-09-30T16:37:55+09:00", "utc": "1940-09-30T07:37:55Z", "ms": -923156524846.7706 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 143, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-01T14:14:39+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-01T05:14:39Z", "ms": -923078720598.3914 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-01T16:37:01+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-01T07:37:01Z", "ms": -923070178764.0247 } }, "covered_min": 142, "window_min": 142, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 01:24 on Tue 1 Oct to 21:41 on Tue 1 Oct.", "fact": "1940-09-30T16:24:24Z → 1940-10-01T12:41:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aparāhṇa is 10th to 12th of 15 day muhūrtas: 14:15–16:38 on the 30th, 14:15–16:37 on the 1st.", "fact": "aparahna: day-muhurta-10-12 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during aparāhṇa. It covers 0 of 143 minutes on the 30th and 142 of 142 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18243 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 1 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalaya-amavasya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Mahalaya amavasya (aparahnavyapini)" } ], "not_evaluated": "The note on p. 106 gives the first day in a decreasing tithimāna and the second in an increasing one, when amāvāsyā covers the whole of aparāhṇa on both days; tithimāna is not computed.", "kaala": "aparahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Mahālaya Amāvāsyā 1940 falls on Tuesday 1 October. Amāvasyā runs from 01:24 on Tue 1 Oct to 21:41 on Tue 1 Oct and covers all of aparāhṇa that afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/mahalaya-amavasya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/navaratra-arambha", "festival": "navaratra-arambha", "name": "Navarātrārambha", "everyday": "Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16151, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1940-10-01T21:41:04+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-01T12:41:04Z", "ms": -923051935855.2948 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-02T17:56:20+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-02T08:56:20Z", "ms": -922979019812.56 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-01T21:41:04+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-01T12:41:04Z", "ms": -923051935855.2948 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-02T17:56:20+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-02T08:56:20Z", "ms": -922979019812.56 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-01T12:39:28+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-01T03:39:28Z", "ms": -923084431515.5747 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-01T13:27:28+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-01T04:27:28Z", "ms": -923081551515.5747 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-10-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-02T12:39:09+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-02T03:39:09Z", "ms": -922998050537.7119 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-02T13:27:09+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-02T04:27:09Z", "ms": -922995170537.7119 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 21:41 on Tue 1 Oct to 17:56 on Wed 2 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-01T12:41:04Z → 1940-10-02T08:56:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:39–13:27 on the 1st, 12:39–13:27 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16151 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 2 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Navarātrārambha (Navratri) 1940 falls on Wednesday 2 October. Pratipadā runs from 21:41 on Tue 1 Oct to 17:56 on Wed 2 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/navaratra-arambha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-10-04", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5804, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-10-04T11:01:49+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-04T02:01:49Z", "ms": -922831091374.9779 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-05T08:10:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-04T23:10:25Z", "ms": -922754974538.6439 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-04T11:01:49+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-04T02:01:49Z", "ms": -922831091374.9779 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-05T08:10:25+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-04T23:10:25Z", "ms": -922754974538.6439 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-04T12:38:32+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-04T03:38:32Z", "ms": -922825287655.6012 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-04T13:26:32+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-04T04:26:32Z", "ms": -922822407655.6012 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-10-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-05T12:38:14+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-05T03:38:14Z", "ms": -922738905720.4639 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-05T13:26:14+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-05T04:26:14Z", "ms": -922736025720.4639 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:02 on Fri 4 Oct to 08:10 on Sat 5 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-04T02:01:49Z → 1940-10-04T23:10:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:39–13:27 on the 4th, 12:38–13:26 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5804 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 4 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vināyaka Caturthī 1940 falls on Friday 4 October. Caturthī runs from 11:02 on Fri 4 Oct to 08:10 on Sat 5 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-10-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/durga-saptami", "festival": "durga-saptami", "name": "Durgā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10427, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1940-10-07T04:17:42+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-06T19:17:42Z", "ms": -922596137620.3798 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-08T03:26:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-07T18:26:27Z", "ms": -922512813066.0265 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-07T04:17:42+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-06T19:17:42Z", "ms": -922596137620.3798 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-08T03:26:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-07T18:26:27Z", "ms": -922512813066.0265 } }, "kaala": "udaya-1", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-07T07:11:29+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-06T22:11:29Z", "ms": -922585710639.5251 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-07T07:58:11+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-06T22:58:11Z", "ms": -922582909324.6726 } }, "covered_min": 47, "window_min": 47, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-08T07:12:10+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-07T22:12:10Z", "ms": -922499270455.5315 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-08T07:58:43+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-07T22:58:43Z", "ms": -922496476759.3701 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 47, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 04:18 on Mon 7 Oct to 03:26 on Tue 8 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-06T19:17:42Z → 1940-10-07T18:26:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first muhūrta after sunrise is 1st of 15 day muhūrtas: 07:11–07:58 on the 7th, 07:12–07:59 on the 8th.", "fact": "udaya-1: day-muhurta-1-1 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must hold through the first muhūrta after sunrise. It covers 47 of 47 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 47 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 10427 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Saptamī, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 7 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Durga saptami (paraviddha) — covering one muhurta from sunrise" } ], "kaala": "udaya-1", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Durgā Saptamī 1940 falls on Monday 7 October. Saptamī runs from 04:18 on Mon 7 Oct to 03:26 on Tue 8 Oct and covers all of the first muhūrta after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/durga-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/mahashtami", "festival": "mahashtami", "name": "Mahāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Durga Ashtami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33055, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1940-10-08T03:26:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-07T18:26:27Z", "ms": -922512813066.0265 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-09T03:21:09+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-08T18:21:09Z", "ms": -922426731261.0155 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-08T03:26:27+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-07T18:26:27Z", "ms": -922512813066.0265 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-09T03:21:09+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-08T18:21:09Z", "ms": -922426731261.0155 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-08T12:37:22+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-08T03:37:22Z", "ms": -922479757734.3213 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-08T13:25:22+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-08T04:25:22Z", "ms": -922476877734.3213 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-09T12:37:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-09T03:37:06Z", "ms": -922393374282.881 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-09T13:25:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-09T04:25:06Z", "ms": -922390494282.881 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 03:26 on Tue 8 Oct to 03:21 on Wed 9 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-07T18:26:27Z → 1940-10-08T18:21:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:37–13:25 on the 8th, 12:37–13:25 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33055 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāṣṭamī, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 8 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 1940 falls on Tuesday 8 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 03:26 on Tue 8 Oct to 03:21 on Wed 9 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/mahashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/mahanavami", "festival": "mahanavami", "name": "Mahānavamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31005, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1940-10-09T03:21:09+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-08T18:21:09Z", "ms": -922426731261.0155 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-10T04:00:04+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-09T19:00:04Z", "ms": -922337995789.4523 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-09T03:21:09+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-08T18:21:09Z", "ms": -922426731261.0155 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-10T04:00:04+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-09T19:00:04Z", "ms": -922337995789.4523 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-09T12:37:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-09T03:37:06Z", "ms": -922393374282.881 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-09T13:25:06+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-09T04:25:06Z", "ms": -922390494282.881 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-10T12:36:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-10T03:36:50Z", "ms": -922306990403.5923 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-10T13:24:50+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-10T04:24:50Z", "ms": -922304110403.5923 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 03:21 on Wed 9 Oct to 04:00 on Thu 10 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-08T18:21:09Z → 1940-10-09T19:00:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:37–13:25 on the 9th, 12:37–13:25 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 31005 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahānavamī, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 9 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahanavami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Mahanavami (purvaviddha) (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha covering one muhurta from sunrise)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Mahānavamī 1940 falls on Wednesday 9 October. Navamī runs from 03:21 on Wed 9 Oct to 04:00 on Thu 10 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/mahanavami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vijaya-dashami", "festival": "vijaya-dashami", "name": "Vijayā Daśamī", "everyday": "Dussehra", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11607, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 9, "key": "dashami", "name": "Daśamī", "start": { "local": "1940-10-10T04:00:04+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-09T19:00:04Z", "ms": -922337995789.4523 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-11T05:18:39+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-10T20:18:39Z", "ms": -922246881412.3844 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "conjunction", "start": { "local": "1940-10-10T04:00:04+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-09T19:00:04Z", "ms": -922337995789.4523 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-11T03:20:03+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-10T18:20:03Z", "ms": -922253996506.6797 }, "nakshatra": { "type": "nakshatra", "index": 21, "key": "shravana", "name": "Śravaṇa", "start": { "local": "1940-10-10T01:30:43+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-09T16:30:43Z", "ms": -922346956899.3152 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-11T03:20:03+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-10T18:20:03Z", "ms": -922253996506.6797 } } }, "kaala": "daytime", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-10T07:13:31+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-09T22:13:31Z", "ms": -922326389203.3864 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-10T18:48:08+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-10T09:48:08Z", "ms": -922284711603.7983 } }, "covered_min": 695, "window_min": 695, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-11T07:14:12+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-10T22:14:12Z", "ms": -922239948114.3379 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-11T18:46:56+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-11T09:46:56Z", "ms": -922198384037.2726 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 693, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Daśamī runs from 04:00 on Thu 10 Oct to 05:19 on Fri 11 Oct, and Śravaṇa from 01:31 on Thu 10 Oct to 03:20 on Fri 11 Oct. They are together from 04:00 on Thu 10 Oct to 03:20 on Fri 11 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-09T19:00:04Z → 1940-10-10T18:20:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day time is sunrise to sunset: 07:14–18:48 on the 10th, 07:14–18:47 on the 11th.", "fact": "daytime: sunrise-to-sunset · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Where Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time, that day is taken. Together they cover 695 of 695 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 693 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11607 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Daśamī, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 10 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vijaya-dashami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 10 Vijaya dasami (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha, covering one muhurta from sunrise. In other places, if it touches Sravana naksatra in the day time it is observed on that day), Sarasvati visarjana (to be observed in naksatra Sravana), Dasahara." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day", "conjunction": { "nakshatra": "Śravaṇa", "kaala": "daytime" } }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vijayā Daśamī (Dussehra) 1940 falls on Thursday 10 October. Daśamī runs from 04:00 on Thu 10 Oct to 05:19 on Fri 11 Oct and is with Śravaṇa in the day time that day, for 695 minutes.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vijaya-dashami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-10-11", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-11", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 294, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-10-11T05:18:39+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-10T20:18:39Z", "ms": -922246881412.3844 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-12T07:09:59+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-11T22:09:59Z", "ms": -922153800997.6129 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-11T05:18:39+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-10T20:18:39Z", "ms": -922246881412.3844 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-12T07:09:59+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-11T22:09:59Z", "ms": -922153800997.6129 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-11T07:14:12+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-10T22:14:12Z", "ms": -922239948114.3379 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-11T07:14:12+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-10T22:14:12Z", "ms": -922239948114.3379 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-10-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-12T07:14:53+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-11T22:14:53Z", "ms": -922153506702.26 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-12T07:14:53+09:00", "utc": "1940-10-11T22:14:53Z", "ms": -922153506702.26 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:19 on Fri 11 Oct to 07:10 on Sat 12 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-10T20:18:39Z → 1940-10-11T22:09:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:14 on the 11th and 07:15 on the 12th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 11th and is not on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 294 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 11 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-11", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Friday 11 October. Ekādaśī runs from 05:19 on Fri 11 Oct to 07:10 on Sat 12 Oct and is current at sunrise that day. It is 4 min 54 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-10-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-10-13", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24362, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-10-13T08:25:48+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-13T00:25:48Z", "ms": -922059252417.7144 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-14T10:57:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-14T02:57:20Z", "ms": -921963759825.5619 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-13T08:25:48+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-13T00:25:48Z", "ms": -922059252417.7144 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-14T10:57:20+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-14T02:57:20Z", "ms": -921963759825.5619 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-13T17:44:33+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-13T09:44:33Z", "ms": -922025727025.3822 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-13T19:24:47+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-13T11:24:47Z", "ms": -922019713137.4247 } }, "covered_min": 100, "window_min": 100, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-14T17:43:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-14T09:43:22Z", "ms": -921939397517.082 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-14T19:23:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-14T11:23:51Z", "ms": -921933368570.7991 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 100, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:26 on Sun 13 Oct to 10:57 on Mon 14 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-13T00:25:48Z → 1940-10-14T02:57:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:45–19:25 on the 13th, 17:43–19:24 on the 14th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 100 of 100 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 100 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24362 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 13 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Sunday 13 October. Trayodaśī runs from 08:26 on Sun 13 Oct to 10:57 on Mon 14 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-10-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/karaka-chaturthi", "festival": "karaka-chaturthi", "name": "Karaka Caturthī", "everyday": "Karwa Chauth", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12417, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-10-19T23:06:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-19T15:06:09Z", "ms": -921488031463.4323 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-21T00:42:42+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-20T16:42:42Z", "ms": -921395838487.8271 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-19T23:06:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-19T15:06:09Z", "ms": -921488031463.4323 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-21T00:42:42+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-20T16:42:42Z", "ms": -921395838487.8271 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-19T19:39:11+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-19T11:39:11Z", "ms": -921500448710.2428 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-19T19:39:11+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-19T11:39:11Z", "ms": -921500448710.2428 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-20T20:23:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-20T12:23:30Z", "ms": -921411390420.5183 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-20T20:23:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-20T12:23:30Z", "ms": -921411390420.5183 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 23:06 on Sat 19 Oct to 00:43 on Mon 21 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-19T15:06:09Z → 1940-10-20T16:42:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:39 on the 19th and 20:23 on the 20th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 12417 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Karaka Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 20 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "karaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Karaka caturthi (current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Karaka Caturthī (Karwa Chauth) 1940 falls on Sunday 20 October. Caturthī runs from 23:06 on Sat 19 Oct to 00:43 on Mon 21 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/karaka-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-10-20", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12417, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-10-19T23:06:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-19T15:06:09Z", "ms": -921488031463.4323 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-21T00:42:42+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-20T16:42:42Z", "ms": -921395838487.8271 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-19T23:06:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-19T15:06:09Z", "ms": -921488031463.4323 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-21T00:42:42+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-20T16:42:42Z", "ms": -921395838487.8271 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-19T19:39:11+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-19T11:39:11Z", "ms": -921500448710.2428 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-19T19:39:11+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-19T11:39:11Z", "ms": -921500448710.2428 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-20T20:23:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-20T12:23:30Z", "ms": -921411390420.5183 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-20T20:23:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-20T12:23:30Z", "ms": -921411390420.5183 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 23:06 on Sat 19 Oct to 00:43 on Mon 21 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-19T15:06:09Z → 1940-10-20T16:42:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:39 on the 19th and 20:23 on the 20th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12417 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 20 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1940 falls on Sunday 20 October. Caturthī runs from 23:06 on Sat 19 Oct to 00:43 on Mon 21 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-10-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ahoyi-ashtami", "festival": "ahoyi-ashtami", "name": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5960, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1940-10-24T02:20:34+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-23T18:20:34Z", "ms": -921130766334.4983 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-25T01:37:40+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-24T17:37:40Z", "ms": -921046939741.9219 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-24T02:20:34+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-23T18:20:34Z", "ms": -921130766334.4983 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-25T01:37:40+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-24T17:37:40Z", "ms": -921046939741.9219 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-23T22:59:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-23T14:59:28Z", "ms": -921142831570.5645 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-23T22:59:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-23T14:59:28Z", "ms": -921142831570.5645 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-24T23:58:21+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-24T15:58:21Z", "ms": -921052899494.2742 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-24T23:58:21+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-24T15:58:21Z", "ms": -921052899494.2742 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 02:21 on Thu 24 Oct to 01:38 on Fri 25 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-23T18:20:34Z → 1940-10-24T17:37:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:59 on the 23rd and 23:58 on the 24th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 23rd and is on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5960 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 24 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ahoyi-ashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Ahoyi astami (Gujerat) (current at moonrise), Karastami (Maharashtra). If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Ahoyī Aṣṭamī 1940 falls on Thursday 24 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 02:21 on Thu 24 Oct to 01:38 on Fri 25 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ahoyi-ashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-10-27", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ramā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29468, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-10-26T22:14:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-26T14:14:51Z", "ms": -920886308809.5645 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-27T19:40:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-27T11:40:45Z", "ms": -920809155346.1361 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-26T22:14:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-26T14:14:51Z", "ms": -920886308809.5645 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-27T19:40:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-27T11:40:45Z", "ms": -920809155346.1361 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-27T06:26:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-26T22:26:00Z", "ms": -920856840442.9282 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-27T06:26:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-26T22:26:00Z", "ms": -920856840442.9282 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-28T06:26:47+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-27T22:26:47Z", "ms": -920770392774.6445 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-28T06:26:47+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-27T22:26:47Z", "ms": -920770392774.6445 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 22:15 on Sat 26 Oct to 19:41 on Sun 27 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-26T14:14:51Z → 1940-10-27T11:40:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:26 on the 27th and 06:27 on the 28th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 27th and is not on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29468 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ramā Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Ramā Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Sunday 27 October. Ekādaśī runs from 22:15 on Sat 26 Oct to 19:41 on Sun 27 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-10-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/govatsa-dvadashi", "festival": "govatsa-dvadashi", "name": "Govatsa Dvādaśī", "everyday": "Vasu Baras", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-27", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1663, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 26, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-10-27T19:40:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-27T11:40:45Z", "ms": -920809155346.1361 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-28T16:38:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-28T08:38:36Z", "ms": -920733683913.4567 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-27T19:40:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-27T11:40:45Z", "ms": -920809155346.1361 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-28T16:38:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-28T08:38:36Z", "ms": -920733683913.4567 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-27T17:29:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-27T09:29:22Z", "ms": -920817037582.0538 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-27T19:13:02+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-27T11:13:02Z", "ms": -920810818274.3993 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-28T17:28:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-28T09:28:25Z", "ms": -920730695230.297 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-28T19:12:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-28T11:12:18Z", "ms": -920724461826.9984 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 19:41 on Sun 27 Oct to 16:39 on Mon 28 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-27T11:40:45Z → 1940-10-28T08:38:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:29–19:13 on the 27th, 17:28–19:12 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 104 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 104 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither evening qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → tithi-day · margin 1663 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govatsa Dvādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govatsa-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 12 Govatsa dvadasi (pradosa vyapini). If occurs on two days, it is to be observed on the first day." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-27", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vasu Baras) 1940 falls on Sunday 27 October. Dvādaśī runs from 19:41 on Sun 27 Oct to 16:39 on Mon 28 Oct, and reaches pradoṣa on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/govatsa-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/yama-dipadana", "festival": "yama-dipadana", "name": "Yama Dīpadāna", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2989, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-10-28T16:38:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-28T08:38:36Z", "ms": -920733683913.4567 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-29T13:15:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T05:15:45Z", "ms": -920659454897.6572 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-28T16:38:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-28T08:38:36Z", "ms": -920733683913.4567 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-29T13:15:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T05:15:45Z", "ms": -920659454897.6572 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-28T17:28:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-28T09:28:25Z", "ms": -920730695230.297 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-28T19:12:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-28T11:12:18Z", "ms": -920724461826.9984 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-29T17:27:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T09:27:28Z", "ms": -920644351736.3286 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-29T19:11:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T11:11:36Z", "ms": -920638104337.5724 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:39 on Mon 28 Oct to 13:16 on Tue 29 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-28T08:38:36Z → 1940-10-29T05:15:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:28–19:12 on the 28th, 17:27–19:12 on the 29th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 104 of 104 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 104 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2989 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dīpadāna, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 28 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dipadana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 13 Yama dipadana (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Yama Dīpadāna 1940 falls on Monday 28 October. Trayodaśī runs from 16:39 on Mon 28 Oct to 13:16 on Tue 29 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/yama-dipadana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-10-28", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2989, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-10-28T16:38:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-28T08:38:36Z", "ms": -920733683913.4567 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-29T13:15:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T05:15:45Z", "ms": -920659454897.6572 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-28T16:38:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-28T08:38:36Z", "ms": -920733683913.4567 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-29T13:15:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T05:15:45Z", "ms": -920659454897.6572 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-28T17:28:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-28T09:28:25Z", "ms": -920730695230.297 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-28T19:12:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-28T11:12:18Z", "ms": -920724461826.9984 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-29T17:27:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T09:27:28Z", "ms": -920644351736.3286 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-29T19:11:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T11:11:36Z", "ms": -920638104337.5724 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:39 on Mon 28 Oct to 13:16 on Tue 29 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-28T08:38:36Z → 1940-10-29T05:15:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:28–19:12 on the 28th, 17:27–19:12 on the 29th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 104 of 104 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 104 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2989 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 28 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Monday 28 October. Trayodaśī runs from 16:39 on Mon 28 Oct to 13:16 on Tue 29 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-10-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-10-29", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33528, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-10-29T13:15:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T05:15:45Z", "ms": -920659454897.6572 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-30T09:40:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T01:40:44Z", "ms": -920585956249.1129 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-29T13:15:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T05:15:45Z", "ms": -920659454897.6572 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-30T09:40:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T01:40:44Z", "ms": -920585956249.1129 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-28T23:34:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-28T15:34:00Z", "ms": -920708759967.9274 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-29T00:22:00+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-28T16:22:00Z", "ms": -920705879967.9274 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-29T23:33:56+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T15:33:56Z", "ms": -920622363990.9929 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-30T00:21:56+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T16:21:56Z", "ms": -920619483990.9929 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:16 on Tue 29 Oct to 09:41 on Wed 30 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-29T05:15:45Z → 1940-10-30T01:40:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:34–00:22 on the 28th, 23:34–00:22 on the 29th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33528 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śivarātri 1940 falls on Tuesday 29 October. Caturdaśī runs from 13:16 on Tue 29 Oct to 09:41 on Wed 30 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-10-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/naraka-chaturdashi", "festival": "naraka-chaturdashi", "name": "Naraka Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Choti Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11540, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-10-29T13:15:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T05:15:45Z", "ms": -920659454897.6572 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-30T09:40:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T01:40:44Z", "ms": -920585956249.1129 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-29T13:15:45+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T05:15:45Z", "ms": -920659454897.6572 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-30T09:40:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T01:40:44Z", "ms": -920585956249.1129 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-29T04:43:42+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-28T20:43:42Z", "ms": -920690178108.8563 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-29T06:27:35+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-28T22:27:35Z", "ms": -920683944705.5577 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-30T04:44:16+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T20:44:16Z", "ms": -920603743644.4136 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-30T06:28:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T22:28:24Z", "ms": -920597496245.6573 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:16 on Tue 29 Oct to 09:41 on Wed 30 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-29T05:15:45Z → 1940-10-30T01:40:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 04:44–06:28 on the 29th, 04:44–06:28 on the 30th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 104 minutes on the 29th and 104 of 104 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 11540 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Naraka Caturdaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naraka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Naraka caturdasi (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Naraka Caturdaśī (Choti Diwali) 1940 falls on Wednesday 30 October. Caturdaśī runs from 13:16 on Tue 29 Oct to 09:41 on Wed 30 Oct and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/naraka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "festival": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "name": "Lakṣmī Pūjā", "everyday": "Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27949, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1940-10-30T09:40:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T01:40:44Z", "ms": -920585956249.1129 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-31T06:02:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T22:02:57Z", "ms": -920512622893.4556 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-30T09:40:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T01:40:44Z", "ms": -920585956249.1129 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-31T06:02:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T22:02:57Z", "ms": -920512622893.4556 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-30T17:26:33+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T09:26:33Z", "ms": -920558007075.3282 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-30T19:10:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T11:10:54Z", "ms": -920551745786.2333 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-31T17:25:39+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-31T09:25:39Z", "ms": -920471661223.4501 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-31T19:10:14+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-31T11:10:14Z", "ms": -920465386154.1821 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 09:41 on Wed 30 Oct to 06:03 on Thu 31 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-30T01:40:44Z → 1940-10-30T22:02:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:27–19:11 on the 30th, 17:26–19:10 on the 31st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 104 of 104 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 105 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27949 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pūjā, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali) 1940 falls on Wednesday 30 October. Amāvasyā runs from 09:41 on Wed 30 Oct to 06:03 on Thu 31 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/kali-puja", "festival": "kali-puja", "name": "Kālī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20464, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1940-10-30T09:40:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T01:40:44Z", "ms": -920585956249.1129 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-31T06:02:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T22:02:57Z", "ms": -920512622893.4556 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-30T09:40:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T01:40:44Z", "ms": -920585956249.1129 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-31T06:02:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T22:02:57Z", "ms": -920512622893.4556 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-29T23:33:56+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T15:33:56Z", "ms": -920622363990.9929 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-30T00:21:56+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-29T16:21:56Z", "ms": -920619483990.9929 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-30T23:33:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T15:33:53Z", "ms": -920535967241.2222 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-31T00:21:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T16:21:53Z", "ms": -920533087241.2222 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 09:41 on Wed 30 Oct to 06:03 on Thu 31 Oct.", "fact": "1940-10-30T01:40:44Z → 1940-10-30T22:02:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:34–00:22 on the 29th, 23:34–00:22 on the 30th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20464 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kālī Pūjā, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kālī Pūjā 1940 falls on Wednesday 30 October. Amāvasyā runs from 09:41 on Wed 30 Oct to 06:03 on Thu 31 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/kali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/govardhana-puja", "festival": "govardhana-puja", "name": "Govardhana Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19829, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1940-10-31T06:02:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T22:02:57Z", "ms": -920512622893.4556 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-01T02:32:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-31T18:32:24Z", "ms": -920438855714.0482 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-31T06:02:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T22:02:57Z", "ms": -920512622893.4556 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-01T02:32:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-31T18:32:24Z", "ms": -920438855714.0482 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-31T11:33:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-31T03:33:26Z", "ms": -920492794315.2832 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-31T12:21:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-31T04:21:26Z", "ms": -920489914315.2832 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-01T11:33:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-01T03:33:24Z", "ms": -920406396180.572 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-01T12:21:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-01T04:21:24Z", "ms": -920403516180.572 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 06:03 on Thu 31 Oct to 02:32 on Fri 1 Nov.", "fact": "1940-10-30T22:02:57Z → 1940-10-31T18:32:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:33–12:21 on the 31st, 11:33–12:21 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 19829 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govardhana Pūjā, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 31 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govardhana-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Govardhana Pūjā 1940 falls on Thursday 31 October. Pratipadā runs from 06:03 on Thu 31 Oct to 02:32 on Fri 1 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/govardhana-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/bali-puja", "festival": "bali-puja", "name": "Bali Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26530, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1940-10-31T06:02:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T22:02:57Z", "ms": -920512622893.4556 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-01T02:32:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-31T18:32:24Z", "ms": -920438855714.0482 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-31T06:02:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T22:02:57Z", "ms": -920512622893.4556 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-01T02:32:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-31T18:32:24Z", "ms": -920438855714.0482 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-30T17:26:33+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T09:26:33Z", "ms": -920558007075.3282 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-30T19:10:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T11:10:54Z", "ms": -920551745786.2333 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-31T17:25:39+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-31T09:25:39Z", "ms": -920471661223.4501 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-31T19:10:14+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-31T11:10:14Z", "ms": -920465386154.1821 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 06:03 on Thu 31 Oct to 02:32 on Fri 1 Nov.", "fact": "1940-10-30T22:02:57Z → 1940-10-31T18:32:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:27–19:11 on the 30th, 17:26–19:10 on the 31st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 104 minutes on the 30th and 105 of 105 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26530 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bali Pūjā, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 31 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Bali Pūjā 1940 falls on Thursday 31 October. Pratipadā runs from 06:03 on Thu 31 Oct to 02:32 on Fri 1 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/bali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/dyuta-pratipad", "festival": "dyuta-pratipad", "name": "Dyūta Pratipad", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-10-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1575, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1940-10-31T06:02:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T22:02:57Z", "ms": -920512622893.4556 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-01T02:32:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-31T18:32:24Z", "ms": -920438855714.0482 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-10-31T06:02:57+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T22:02:57Z", "ms": -920512622893.4556 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-01T02:32:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-31T18:32:24Z", "ms": -920438855714.0482 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-10-31T06:29:13+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-30T22:29:13Z", "ms": -920511047407.1162 }, "end": { "local": "1940-10-31T10:08:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-31T02:08:01Z", "ms": -920497918679.2275 } }, "covered_min": 219, "window_min": 219, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-01T06:30:02+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-31T22:30:02Z", "ms": -920424598203.9409 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-01T10:08:16+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-01T02:08:16Z", "ms": -920411503521.695 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 218, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 06:03 on Thu 31 Oct to 02:32 on Fri 1 Nov.", "fact": "1940-10-30T22:02:57Z → 1940-10-31T18:32:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:29–10:08 on the 31st, 06:30–10:08 on the 1st.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 219 of 219 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 218 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1575 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dyūta Pratipad, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 31 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dyuta-pratipad", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Dyūta Pratipad 1940 falls on Thursday 31 October. Pratipadā runs from 06:03 on Thu 31 Oct to 02:32 on Fri 1 Nov and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/dyuta-pratipad", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/yama-dvitiya", "festival": "yama-dvitiya", "name": "Yama Dvitīyā", "everyday": "Bhai Dooj", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-11-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32460, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1940-11-01T02:32:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-31T18:32:24Z", "ms": -920438855714.0482 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-01T23:19:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-01T15:19:18Z", "ms": -920364042196.8417 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-11-01T02:32:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-10-31T18:32:24Z", "ms": -920438855714.0482 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-01T23:19:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-01T15:19:18Z", "ms": -920364042196.8417 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-01T11:33:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-01T03:33:24Z", "ms": -920406396180.572 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-01T12:21:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-01T04:21:24Z", "ms": -920403516180.572 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-02T11:33:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-02T03:33:23Z", "ms": -920319997252.129 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-02T12:21:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-02T04:21:23Z", "ms": -920317117252.129 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 02:32 on Fri 1 Nov to 23:19 on Fri 1 Nov.", "fact": "1940-10-31T18:32:24Z → 1940-11-01T15:19:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:33–12:21 on the 1st, 11:33–12:21 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 32460 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dvitīyā, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 1 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dvitiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Bhratrdvitiya, Yamadvitiya (madhyahna, purvaviddha), Masyadhara (Dwat) puja (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Yama Dvitīyā (Bhai Dooj) 1940 falls on Friday 1 November. Dvitīyā runs from 02:32 on Fri 1 Nov to 23:19 on Fri 1 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/yama-dvitiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/naga-chaturthi", "festival": "naga-chaturthi", "name": "Nāga Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21795, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-11-02T20:33:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-02T12:33:38Z", "ms": -920287582124.1376 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-03T18:24:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-03T10:24:38Z", "ms": -920208922044.9484 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-11-02T20:33:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-02T12:33:38Z", "ms": -920287582124.1376 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-03T18:24:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-03T10:24:38Z", "ms": -920208922044.9484 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-02T11:33:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-02T03:33:23Z", "ms": -920319997252.129 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-02T12:21:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-02T04:21:23Z", "ms": -920317117252.129 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-03T11:33:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-03T03:33:22Z", "ms": -920233597525.7241 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-03T12:21:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-03T04:21:22Z", "ms": -920230717525.7241 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:34 on Sat 2 Nov to 18:25 on Sun 3 Nov.", "fact": "1940-11-02T12:33:38Z → 1940-11-03T10:24:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:33–12:21 on the 2nd, 11:33–12:21 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21795 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Naga caturthi (paraviddha and madhyahnavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Nāga Caturthī 1940 falls on Sunday 3 November. Caturthī runs from 20:34 on Sat 2 Nov to 18:25 on Sun 3 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/naga-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-11-03", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21795, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-11-02T20:33:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-02T12:33:38Z", "ms": -920287582124.1376 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-03T18:24:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-03T10:24:38Z", "ms": -920208922044.9484 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-11-02T20:33:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-02T12:33:38Z", "ms": -920287582124.1376 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-03T18:24:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-03T10:24:38Z", "ms": -920208922044.9484 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-02T11:33:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-02T03:33:23Z", "ms": -920319997252.129 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-02T12:21:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-02T04:21:23Z", "ms": -920317117252.129 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-03T11:33:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-03T03:33:22Z", "ms": -920233597525.7241 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-03T12:21:22+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-03T04:21:22Z", "ms": -920230717525.7241 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:34 on Sat 2 Nov to 18:25 on Sun 3 Nov.", "fact": "1940-11-02T12:33:38Z → 1940-11-03T10:24:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:33–12:21 on the 2nd, 11:33–12:21 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21795 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vināyaka Caturthī 1940 falls on Sunday 3 November. Caturthī runs from 20:34 on Sat 2 Nov to 18:25 on Sun 3 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-11-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/surya-shashthi", "festival": "surya-shashthi", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī", "everyday": "Chhath", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-11-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14609, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1940-11-04T16:59:59+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-04T08:59:59Z", "ms": -920127601029.409 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-05T16:24:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-05T08:24:53Z", "ms": -920043306539.4222 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-11-04T16:59:59+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-04T08:59:59Z", "ms": -920127601029.409 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-05T16:24:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-05T08:24:53Z", "ms": -920043306539.4222 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-04T11:33:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-04T03:33:23Z", "ms": -920147196996.8035 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-04T12:21:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-04T04:21:23Z", "ms": -920144316996.8035 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-05T11:33:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-05T03:33:24Z", "ms": -920060795660.4009 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-05T12:21:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-05T04:21:24Z", "ms": -920057915660.4009 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:00 on Mon 4 Nov to 16:25 on Tue 5 Nov.", "fact": "1940-11-04T08:59:59Z → 1940-11-05T08:24:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:33–12:21 on the 4th, 11:33–12:21 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14609 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 5 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Nadi sasthi, Skanda sasthi (Madras), Surya sasthi, Chhat (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Chhath) 1940 falls on Tuesday 5 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:00 on Mon 4 Nov to 16:25 on Tue 5 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/surya-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/gopashtami", "festival": "gopashtami", "name": "Gopāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-11-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15581, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1940-11-06T16:41:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-06T08:41:07Z", "ms": -919955932624.2542 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-07T17:46:16+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-07T09:46:16Z", "ms": -919865624492.8634 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-11-06T16:41:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-06T08:41:07Z", "ms": -919955932624.2542 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-07T17:46:16+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-07T09:46:16Z", "ms": -919865624492.8634 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-06T11:33:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-06T03:33:26Z", "ms": -919974393511.227 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-06T12:21:26+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-06T04:21:26Z", "ms": -919971513511.227 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-07T11:33:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-07T03:33:29Z", "ms": -919887990543.8585 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-07T12:21:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-07T04:21:29Z", "ms": -919885110543.8585 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 16:41 on Wed 6 Nov to 17:46 on Thu 7 Nov.", "fact": "1940-11-06T08:41:07Z → 1940-11-07T09:46:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:33–12:21 on the 6th, 11:33–12:21 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15581 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gopāṣṭamī, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 7 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gopashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Gopāṣṭamī 1940 falls on Thursday 7 November. Aṣṭamī runs from 16:41 on Wed 6 Nov to 17:46 on Thu 7 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/gopashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/akshaya-navami", "festival": "akshaya-navami", "name": "Akṣaya Navamī", "everyday": "Amla Navami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-11-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27375, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1940-11-07T17:46:16+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-07T09:46:16Z", "ms": -919865624492.8634 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-08T19:33:31+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-08T11:33:31Z", "ms": -919772788552.7596 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-11-07T17:46:16+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-07T09:46:16Z", "ms": -919865624492.8634 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-08T19:33:31+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-08T11:33:31Z", "ms": -919772788552.7596 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-07T06:35:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-06T22:35:04Z", "ms": -919905896211.9584 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-07T10:10:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-07T02:10:01Z", "ms": -919892999099.8918 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 215, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-08T06:35:55+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-07T22:35:55Z", "ms": -919819444901.3838 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-08T10:10:21+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-08T02:10:21Z", "ms": -919806579469.0912 } }, "covered_min": 214, "window_min": 214, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 17:46 on Thu 7 Nov to 19:34 on Fri 8 Nov.", "fact": "1940-11-07T09:46:16Z → 1940-11-08T11:33:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:35–10:10 on the 7th, 06:36–10:10 on the 8th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 215 minutes on the 7th and 214 of 214 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27375 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Navamī, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 8 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Akṣaya Navamī (Amla Navami) 1940 falls on Friday 8 November. Navamī runs from 17:46 on Thu 7 Nov to 19:34 on Fri 8 Nov and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/akshaya-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/durga-navami", "festival": "durga-navami", "name": "Durgā Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-11-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19486, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1940-11-07T17:46:16+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-07T09:46:16Z", "ms": -919865624492.8634 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-08T19:33:31+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-08T11:33:31Z", "ms": -919772788552.7596 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-11-07T17:46:16+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-07T09:46:16Z", "ms": -919865624492.8634 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-08T19:33:31+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-08T11:33:31Z", "ms": -919772788552.7596 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-07T11:33:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-07T03:33:29Z", "ms": -919887990543.8585 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-07T12:21:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-07T04:21:29Z", "ms": -919885110543.8585 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-08T11:33:33+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-08T03:33:33Z", "ms": -919801586752.9448 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-08T12:21:33+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-08T04:21:33Z", "ms": -919798706752.9448 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 17:46 on Thu 7 Nov to 19:34 on Fri 8 Nov.", "fact": "1940-11-07T09:46:16Z → 1940-11-08T11:33:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:33–12:21 on the 7th, 11:34–12:22 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 19486 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Navamī, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 8 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Durgā Navamī 1940 falls on Friday 8 November. Navamī runs from 17:46 on Thu 7 Nov to 19:34 on Fri 8 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/durga-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-11-10", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-11-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22083, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-11-09T21:52:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-09T13:52:28Z", "ms": -919678051911.5985 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-11T00:30:27+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-10T16:30:27Z", "ms": -919582172704.3728 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-11-09T21:52:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-09T13:52:28Z", "ms": -919678051911.5985 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-11T00:30:27+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-10T16:30:27Z", "ms": -919582172704.3728 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-10T06:37:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-09T22:37:38Z", "ms": -919646541589.7053 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-10T06:37:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-09T22:37:38Z", "ms": -919646541589.7053 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-11T06:38:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-10T22:38:30Z", "ms": -919560089624.0741 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-11T06:38:30+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-10T22:38:30Z", "ms": -919560089624.0741 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:52 on Sat 9 Nov to 00:30 on Mon 11 Nov.", "fact": "1940-11-09T13:52:28Z → 1940-11-10T16:30:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:38 on the 10th and 06:39 on the 11th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 10th and is not on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22083 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Sunday 10 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Prabodhinī Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Sunday 10 November. Ekādaśī runs from 21:52 on Sat 9 Nov to 00:30 on Mon 11 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-11-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-11-12", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-11-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29429, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-11-12T03:14:35+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-11T19:14:35Z", "ms": -919485924726.4729 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-13T05:53:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-12T21:53:28Z", "ms": -919389991937.9274 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-11-12T03:14:35+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-11T19:14:35Z", "ms": -919485924726.4729 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-13T05:53:28+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-12T21:53:28Z", "ms": -919389991937.9274 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-11T17:17:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-11T09:17:09Z", "ms": -919521771156.0256 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-11T19:04:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-11T11:04:07Z", "ms": -919515353332.1389 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-12T17:16:31+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-12T09:16:31Z", "ms": -919435409039.9662 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-12T19:03:41+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-12T11:03:41Z", "ms": -919428979190.3596 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 03:15 on Tue 12 Nov to 05:53 on Wed 13 Nov.", "fact": "1940-11-11T19:14:35Z → 1940-11-12T21:53:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:17–19:04 on the 11th, 17:17–19:04 on the 12th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 107 minutes on the 11th and 107 of 107 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29429 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 12 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Tuesday 12 November. Trayodaśī runs from 03:15 on Tue 12 Nov to 05:53 on Wed 13 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-11-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/kartiki-purnima", "festival": "kartiki-purnima", "name": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-11-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4271, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1940-11-14T08:18:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-14T00:18:18Z", "ms": -919294901860.2245 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-15T10:23:12+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-15T02:23:12Z", "ms": -919201007670.4506 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-11-14T08:18:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-14T00:18:18Z", "ms": -919294901860.2245 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-15T10:23:12+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-15T02:23:12Z", "ms": -919201007670.4506 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-14T11:34:14+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-14T03:34:14Z", "ms": -919283146460.252 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-14T12:22:14+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-14T04:22:14Z", "ms": -919280266460.252 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-11-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-15T11:34:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-15T03:34:23Z", "ms": -919196736789.8135 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-15T12:22:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-15T04:22:23Z", "ms": -919193856789.8135 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 08:18 on Thu 14 Nov to 10:23 on Fri 15 Nov.", "fact": "1940-11-14T00:18:18Z → 1940-11-15T02:23:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:34–12:22 on the 14th, 11:34–12:22 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4271 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 14 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kartiki-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kārtikī Pūrṇimā 1940 falls on Thursday 14 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 08:18 on Thu 14 Nov to 10:23 on Fri 15 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/kartiki-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/rasayatra", "festival": "rasayatra", "name": "Rāsayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-11-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28547, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1940-11-14T08:18:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-14T00:18:18Z", "ms": -919294901860.2245 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-15T10:23:12+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-15T02:23:12Z", "ms": -919201007670.4506 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-11-14T08:18:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-14T00:18:18Z", "ms": -919294901860.2245 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-15T10:23:12+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-15T02:23:12Z", "ms": -919201007670.4506 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-13T23:34:31+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-13T15:34:31Z", "ms": -919326329057.6116 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-14T00:22:31+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-13T16:22:31Z", "ms": -919323449057.6116 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-14T23:34:40+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-14T15:34:40Z", "ms": -919239920175.638 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-15T00:22:40+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-14T16:22:40Z", "ms": -919237040175.638 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 08:18 on Thu 14 Nov to 10:23 on Fri 15 Nov.", "fact": "1940-11-14T00:18:18Z → 1940-11-15T02:23:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:35–00:23 on the 13th, 23:35–00:23 on the 14th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28547 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāsayātrā, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 14 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rasayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Rāsayātrā 1940 falls on Thursday 14 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 08:18 on Thu 14 Nov to 10:23 on Fri 15 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/rasayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-11-18", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-11-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20808, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-11-18T14:12:56+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-18T06:12:56Z", "ms": -918928023953.6078 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-19T14:38:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-19T06:38:29Z", "ms": -918840090980.113 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-11-18T14:12:56+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-18T06:12:56Z", "ms": -918928023953.6078 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-19T14:38:29+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-19T06:38:29Z", "ms": -918840090980.113 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-11-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-18T19:59:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-18T11:59:44Z", "ms": -918907215859.4739 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-18T19:59:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-18T11:59:44Z", "ms": -918907215859.4739 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-11-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-19T20:54:16+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-19T12:54:16Z", "ms": -918817543896.5487 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-19T20:54:16+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-19T12:54:16Z", "ms": -918817543896.5487 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:13 on Mon 18 Nov to 14:38 on Tue 19 Nov.", "fact": "1940-11-18T06:12:56Z → 1940-11-19T06:38:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:00 on the 18th and 20:54 on the 19th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 18th and is not on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20808 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 18 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1940 falls on Monday 18 November. Caturthī runs from 14:13 on Mon 18 Nov to 14:38 on Tue 19 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-11-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-11-25", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Utpannā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-11-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3046, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-11-25T07:41:32+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-24T23:41:32Z", "ms": -918346707976.5095 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-26T05:01:27+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-25T21:01:27Z", "ms": -918269913151.8112 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-11-25T07:41:32+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-24T23:41:32Z", "ms": -918346707976.5095 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-26T05:01:27+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-25T21:01:27Z", "ms": -918269913151.8112 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-11-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-25T06:50:46+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-24T22:50:46Z", "ms": -918349753609.6204 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-25T06:50:46+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-24T22:50:46Z", "ms": -918349753609.6204 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-11-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-26T06:51:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-25T22:51:38Z", "ms": -918263301557.9249 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-26T06:51:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-25T22:51:38Z", "ms": -918263301557.9249 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 07:42 on Mon 25 Nov to 05:01 on Tue 26 Nov.", "fact": "1940-11-24T23:41:32Z → 1940-11-25T21:01:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:51 on the 25th and 06:52 on the 26th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 25th and is not on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 3046 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Utpannā Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 25 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Utpannā Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Monday 25 November. Ekādaśī runs from 07:42 on Mon 25 Nov to 05:01 on Tue 26 Nov, and is current at sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-11-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-11-27", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-11-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14150, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-11-27T02:03:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-26T18:03:58Z", "ms": -918194161844.2161 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-27T22:55:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-27T14:55:53Z", "ms": -918119046701.0243 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-11-27T02:03:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-26T18:03:58Z", "ms": -918194161844.2161 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-27T22:55:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-27T14:55:53Z", "ms": -918119046701.0243 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-11-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-26T17:10:31+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-26T09:10:31Z", "ms": -918226168593.4324 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-26T19:00:07+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-26T11:00:07Z", "ms": -918219592749.7144 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-11-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-27T17:10:19+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-27T09:10:19Z", "ms": -918139781315.8278 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-27T19:00:03+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-27T11:00:03Z", "ms": -918133196910.6392 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 02:04 on Wed 27 Nov to 22:56 on Wed 27 Nov.", "fact": "1940-11-26T18:03:58Z → 1940-11-27T14:55:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:11–19:00 on the 26th, 17:10–19:00 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 110 minutes on the 26th and 110 of 110 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14150 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 27 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Wednesday 27 November. Trayodaśī runs from 02:04 on Wed 27 Nov to 22:56 on Wed 27 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-11-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-11-27", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-11-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2517, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-11-27T22:55:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-27T14:55:53Z", "ms": -918119046701.0243 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-28T19:45:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-28T11:45:25Z", "ms": -918044075297.3562 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-11-27T22:55:53+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-27T14:55:53Z", "ms": -918119046701.0243 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-28T19:45:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-28T11:45:25Z", "ms": -918044075297.3562 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-11-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-27T23:37:50+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-27T15:37:50Z", "ms": -918116529796.3706 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-28T00:25:50+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-27T16:25:50Z", "ms": -918113649796.3706 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-11-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-11-28T23:38:10+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-28T15:38:10Z", "ms": -918030109694.6702 }, "end": { "local": "1940-11-29T00:26:10+08:00", "utc": "1940-11-28T16:26:10Z", "ms": -918027229694.6702 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:56 on Wed 27 Nov to 19:45 on Thu 28 Nov.", "fact": "1940-11-27T14:55:53Z → 1940-11-28T11:45:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:38–00:26 on the 27th, 23:38–00:26 on the 28th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2517 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 27 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-11-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śivarātri 1940 falls on Wednesday 27 November. Caturdaśī runs from 22:56 on Wed 27 Nov to 19:45 on Thu 28 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-11-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-12-02", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-12-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6402, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-12-02T09:52:31+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-02T01:52:31Z", "ms": -917734049291.3153 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-03T08:54:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-03T00:54:09Z", "ms": -917651151174.9512 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-12-02T09:52:31+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-02T01:52:31Z", "ms": -917734049291.3153 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-03T08:54:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-03T00:54:09Z", "ms": -917651151174.9512 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-02T11:39:13+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-02T03:39:13Z", "ms": -917727647214.6678 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-02T12:27:13+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-02T04:27:13Z", "ms": -917724767214.6678 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-12-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-03T11:39:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-03T03:39:36Z", "ms": -917641223593.9933 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-03T12:27:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-03T04:27:36Z", "ms": -917638343593.9933 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:53 on Mon 2 Dec to 08:54 on Tue 3 Dec.", "fact": "1940-12-02T01:52:31Z → 1940-12-03T00:54:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:39–12:27 on the 2nd, 11:40–12:28 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6402 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Monday 2 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Vināyaka Caturthī 1940 falls on Monday 2 December. Caturthī runs from 09:53 on Mon 2 Dec to 08:54 on Tue 3 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1940-12-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "festival": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-12-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9928, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1940-12-03T08:54:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-03T00:54:09Z", "ms": -917651151174.9512 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-04T08:45:49+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-04T00:45:49Z", "ms": -917565251341.1436 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-12-03T08:54:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-03T00:54:09Z", "ms": -917651151174.9512 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-04T08:45:49+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-04T00:45:49Z", "ms": -917565251341.1436 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-12-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-03T11:39:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-03T03:39:36Z", "ms": -917641223593.9933 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-03T12:27:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-03T04:27:36Z", "ms": -917638343593.9933 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-12-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-04T11:40:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-04T03:40:01Z", "ms": -917554799381.7083 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-04T12:28:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-04T04:28:01Z", "ms": -917551919381.7083 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 08:54 on Tue 3 Dec to 08:46 on Wed 4 Dec.", "fact": "1940-12-03T00:54:09Z → 1940-12-04T00:45:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 3rd, 11:40–12:28 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9928 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa), Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 3 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (2nd) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa) 1940 falls on Tuesday 3 December. Pañcamī runs from 08:54 on Tue 3 Dec to 08:46 on Wed 4 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/champa-shashthi", "festival": "champa-shashthi", "name": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-12-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7891, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1940-12-04T08:45:49+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-04T00:45:49Z", "ms": -917565251341.1436 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-05T09:28:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-05T01:28:54Z", "ms": -917476265691.4904 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-12-04T08:45:49+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-04T00:45:49Z", "ms": -917565251341.1436 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-05T09:28:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-05T01:28:54Z", "ms": -917476265691.4904 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-12-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-04T11:40:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-04T03:40:01Z", "ms": -917554799381.7083 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-04T12:28:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-04T04:28:01Z", "ms": -917551919381.7083 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-12-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-05T11:40:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-05T03:40:25Z", "ms": -917468374603.6646 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-05T12:28:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-05T04:28:25Z", "ms": -917465494603.6646 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:46 on Wed 4 Dec to 09:29 on Thu 5 Dec.", "fact": "1940-12-04T00:45:49Z → 1940-12-05T01:28:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 4th, 11:40–12:28 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7891 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 4 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "champa-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Śatabhiṣaj nakṣatra, Vyatīpāta yoga and a Sunday; none is tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Campā Ṣaṣṭhī 1940 falls on Wednesday 4 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:46 on Wed 4 Dec to 09:29 on Thu 5 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/champa-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/skanda-shashthi", "festival": "skanda-shashthi", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-12-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7891, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1940-12-04T08:45:49+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-04T00:45:49Z", "ms": -917565251341.1436 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-05T09:28:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-05T01:28:54Z", "ms": -917476265691.4904 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-12-04T08:45:49+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-04T00:45:49Z", "ms": -917565251341.1436 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-05T09:28:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-05T01:28:54Z", "ms": -917476265691.4904 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-12-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-04T11:40:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-04T03:40:01Z", "ms": -917554799381.7083 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-04T12:28:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-04T04:28:01Z", "ms": -917551919381.7083 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-12-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-05T11:40:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-05T03:40:25Z", "ms": -917468374603.6646 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-05T12:28:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-05T04:28:25Z", "ms": -917465494603.6646 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:46 on Wed 4 Dec to 09:29 on Thu 5 Dec.", "fact": "1940-12-04T00:45:49Z → 1940-12-05T01:28:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 4th, 11:40–12:28 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 7891 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 4 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī 1940 falls on Wednesday 4 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:46 on Wed 4 Dec to 09:29 on Thu 5 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/skanda-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/mitra-saptami", "festival": "mitra-saptami", "name": "Mitra Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-12-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2461, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1940-12-05T09:28:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-05T01:28:54Z", "ms": -917476265691.4904 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-06T10:59:50+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-06T02:59:50Z", "ms": -917384409962.297 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-12-05T09:28:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-05T01:28:54Z", "ms": -917476265691.4904 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-06T10:59:50+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-06T02:59:50Z", "ms": -917384409962.297 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-12-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-05T11:40:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-05T03:40:25Z", "ms": -917468374603.6646 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-05T12:28:25+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-05T04:28:25Z", "ms": -917465494603.6646 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-12-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-06T11:40:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-06T03:40:51Z", "ms": -917381949285.7876 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-06T12:28:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-06T04:28:51Z", "ms": -917379069285.7876 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 09:29 on Thu 5 Dec to 11:00 on Fri 6 Dec.", "fact": "1940-12-05T01:28:54Z → 1940-12-06T02:59:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 5th, 11:41–12:29 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 2461 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mitra Saptamī, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 5 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mitra-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Mitra saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-05", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Mitra Saptamī 1940 falls on Thursday 5 December. Saptamī runs from 09:29 on Thu 5 Dec to 11:00 on Fri 6 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/mitra-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-12-10", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-12-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35624, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-12-09T18:30:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-09T10:30:24Z", "ms": -917098175676.5515 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-10T21:09:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-10T13:09:58Z", "ms": -917002201938.1332 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-12-09T18:30:24+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-09T10:30:24Z", "ms": -917098175676.5515 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-10T21:09:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-10T13:09:58Z", "ms": -917002201938.1332 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-10T07:02:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-09T23:02:58Z", "ms": -917053021508.2794 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-10T07:02:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-09T23:02:58Z", "ms": -917053021508.2794 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-12-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-11T07:03:42+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-10T23:03:42Z", "ms": -916966578286.3528 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-11T07:03:42+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-10T23:03:42Z", "ms": -916966578286.3528 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:30 on Mon 9 Dec to 21:10 on Tue 10 Dec.", "fact": "1940-12-09T10:30:24Z → 1940-12-10T13:09:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:03 on the 10th and 07:04 on the 11th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 10th and is not on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35624 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Tuesday 10 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Mokṣadā Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Tuesday 10 December. Ekādaśī runs from 18:30 on Mon 9 Dec to 21:10 on Tue 10 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-12-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/akhanda-dvadashi", "festival": "akhanda-dvadashi", "name": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-12-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31161, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-12-10T21:09:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-10T13:09:58Z", "ms": -917002201938.1332 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-11T23:31:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-11T15:31:01Z", "ms": -916907339354.0713 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-12-10T21:09:58+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-10T13:09:58Z", "ms": -917002201938.1332 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-11T23:31:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-11T15:31:01Z", "ms": -916907339354.0713 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-10T11:42:37+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-10T03:42:37Z", "ms": -917036243142.8226 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-10T12:30:37+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-10T04:30:37Z", "ms": -917033363142.8226 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-12-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-11T11:43:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-11T03:43:04Z", "ms": -916949815523.8887 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-11T12:31:04+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-11T04:31:04Z", "ms": -916946935523.8887 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 21:10 on Tue 10 Dec to 23:31 on Wed 11 Dec.", "fact": "1940-12-10T13:09:58Z → 1940-12-11T15:31:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:43–12:31 on the 10th, 11:43–12:31 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31161 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 11 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akhanda-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Matsya dvadasi, Akhanda dvadasi (paraviddha), Vyanjana dvadasi & Dana dvadasi (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī 1940 falls on Wednesday 11 December. Dvādaśī runs from 21:10 on Tue 10 Dec to 23:31 on Wed 11 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/akhanda-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-12-12", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-12-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16162, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-12-11T23:31:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-11T15:31:01Z", "ms": -916907339354.0713 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-13T01:24:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-12T17:24:51Z", "ms": -916814108835.6884 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-12-11T23:31:01+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-11T15:31:01Z", "ms": -916907339354.0713 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-13T01:24:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-12T17:24:51Z", "ms": -916814108835.6884 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-12-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-11T17:10:27+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-11T09:10:27Z", "ms": -916930172761.4244 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-11T19:01:39+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-11T11:01:39Z", "ms": -916923501195.2993 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-12-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-12T17:10:41+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-12T09:10:41Z", "ms": -916843759037.7954 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-12T19:01:56+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-12T11:01:56Z", "ms": -916837083797.6857 } }, "covered_min": 111, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:31 on Wed 11 Dec to 01:25 on Fri 13 Dec.", "fact": "1940-12-11T15:31:01Z → 1940-12-12T17:24:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:10–19:02 on the 11th, 17:11–19:02 on the 12th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 111 minutes on the 11th and 111 of 111 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16162 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 12 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Thursday 12 December. Trayodaśī runs from 23:31 on Wed 11 Dec to 01:25 on Fri 13 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-12-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/dattatreyotpatti", "festival": "dattatreyotpatti", "name": "Dattātreyotpatti", "everyday": "Datta Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-12-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27898, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1940-12-14T02:47:13+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-13T18:47:13Z", "ms": -916722766884.6566 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-15T03:37:35+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-14T19:37:35Z", "ms": -916633344918.0719 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-12-14T02:47:13+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-13T18:47:13Z", "ms": -916722766884.6566 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-15T03:37:35+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-14T19:37:35Z", "ms": -916633344918.0719 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-12-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-13T17:10:56+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-13T09:10:56Z", "ms": -916757343621.0887 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-13T19:02:15+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-13T11:02:15Z", "ms": -916750665070.4359 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-12-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-14T17:11:13+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-14T09:11:13Z", "ms": -916670926527.2386 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-14T19:02:35+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-14T11:02:35Z", "ms": -916664245032.6205 } }, "covered_min": 111, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 02:47 on Sat 14 Dec to 03:38 on Sun 15 Dec.", "fact": "1940-12-13T18:47:13Z → 1940-12-14T19:37:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:11–19:02 on the 13th, 17:11–19:03 on the 14th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 111 minutes on the 13th and 111 of 111 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27898 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dattātreyotpatti, Lu’an, 1940: Saturday 14 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dattatreyotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Dattatreyotpatti (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Dattātreyotpatti (Datta Jayanti) 1940 falls on Saturday 14 December. Pūrṇimā runs from 02:47 on Sat 14 Dec to 03:38 on Sun 15 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/dattatreyotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-12-18", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-12-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21038, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1940-12-18T03:23:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-17T19:23:36Z", "ms": -916374983820.7174 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-19T02:35:55+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-18T18:35:55Z", "ms": -916291445225.3116 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-12-18T03:23:36+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-17T19:23:36Z", "ms": -916374983820.7174 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-19T02:35:55+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-18T18:35:55Z", "ms": -916291445225.3116 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-12-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-17T19:45:46+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-17T11:45:46Z", "ms": -916402454469.8019 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-17T19:45:46+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-17T11:45:46Z", "ms": -916402454469.8019 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-12-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-18T20:45:17+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-18T12:45:17Z", "ms": -916312482751.0638 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-18T20:45:17+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-18T12:45:17Z", "ms": -916312482751.0638 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:24 on Wed 18 Dec to 02:36 on Thu 19 Dec.", "fact": "1940-12-17T19:23:36Z → 1940-12-18T18:35:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:46 on the 17th and 20:45 on the 18th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 17th and is on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21038 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 18 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1940 falls on Wednesday 18 December. Caturthī runs from 03:24 on Wed 18 Dec to 02:36 on Thu 19 Dec and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1940-12-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-12-25", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-12-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24981, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-12-24T16:31:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-24T08:31:54Z", "ms": -915809286158.2544 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-25T14:08:11+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-25T06:08:11Z", "ms": -915731509437.7668 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-12-24T16:31:54+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-24T08:31:54Z", "ms": -915809286158.2544 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-25T14:08:11+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-25T06:08:11Z", "ms": -915731509437.7668 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-12-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-24T07:11:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-23T23:11:23Z", "ms": -915842917134.1974 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-24T07:11:23+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-23T23:11:23Z", "ms": -915842917134.1974 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-12-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-25T07:11:49+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-24T23:11:49Z", "ms": -915756490694.3898 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-25T07:11:49+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-24T23:11:49Z", "ms": -915756490694.3898 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:32 on Tue 24 Dec to 14:08 on Wed 25 Dec.", "fact": "1940-12-24T08:31:54Z → 1940-12-25T06:08:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:11 on the 24th and 07:12 on the 25th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24981 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Lu’an, 1940: Wednesday 25 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Saphalā Ekādaśī 1940 falls on Wednesday 25 December. Ekādaśī runs from 16:32 on Tue 24 Dec to 14:08 on Wed 25 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/ekadashi?on=1940-12-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-12-26", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-12-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20210, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-12-26T11:39:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-26T03:39:51Z", "ms": -915654008733.1978 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-27T09:13:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-27T01:13:09Z", "ms": -915576411395.0039 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-12-26T11:39:51+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-26T03:39:51Z", "ms": -915654008733.1978 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-27T09:13:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-27T01:13:09Z", "ms": -915576411395.0039 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-12-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-26T17:16:41+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-26T09:16:41Z", "ms": -915633798518.8116 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-26T19:08:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-26T11:08:09Z", "ms": -915627111014.8628 } }, "covered_min": 111, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1940-12-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-27T17:17:18+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-27T09:17:18Z", "ms": -915547361844.3326 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-27T19:08:44+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-27T11:08:44Z", "ms": -915540676303.7207 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 11:40 on Thu 26 Dec to 09:13 on Fri 27 Dec.", "fact": "1940-12-26T03:39:51Z → 1940-12-27T01:13:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:17–19:08 on the 26th, 17:17–19:09 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 111 of 111 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 111 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20210 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Lu’an, 1940: Thursday 26 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1940 falls on Thursday 26 December. Trayodaśī runs from 11:40 on Thu 26 Dec to 09:13 on Fri 27 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/pradosha-vrata?on=1940-12-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-12-27", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1802206", "year": 1940, "local_date": "1940-12-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22589, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1940-12-27T09:13:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-27T01:13:09Z", "ms": -915576411395.0039 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-28T06:55:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-27T22:55:38Z", "ms": -915498261679.6056 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1940-12-27T09:13:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-27T01:13:09Z", "ms": -915576411395.0039 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-28T06:55:38+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-27T22:55:38Z", "ms": -915498261679.6056 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1940-12-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-26T23:50:40+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-26T15:50:40Z", "ms": -915610160379.0037 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-27T00:38:40+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-26T16:38:40Z", "ms": -915607280379.0037 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1940-12-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1940-12-27T23:51:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-27T15:51:09Z", "ms": -915523731067.0376 }, "end": { "local": "1940-12-28T00:39:09+08:00", "utc": "1940-12-27T16:39:09Z", "ms": -915520851067.0376 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 09:13 on Fri 27 Dec to 06:56 on Sat 28 Dec.", "fact": "1940-12-27T01:13:09Z → 1940-12-27T22:55:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:51–00:39 on the 26th, 23:51–00:39 on the 27th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22589 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Lu’an, 1940: Friday 27 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1940-12-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Lu’an, Śivarātri 1940 falls on Friday 27 December. Caturdaśī runs from 09:13 on Fri 27 Dec to 06:56 on Sat 28 Dec and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/lu-an/festivals/1940/shivaratri?on=1940-12-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } } ], "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }