{ "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973", "place": { "id": "1804651", "slug": "kunming", "name": "Kunming", "region": "Yunnan, China", "country": "CN", "lat": 25.03889, "lon": 102.71833, "elevation_m": 1895, "tz": "Asia/Shanghai" }, "year": 1973, "tradition": "smarta", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "rulings": [ { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-01-01", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-01", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2481, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-01-01T16:36:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-01T08:36:31Z", "ms": 94725391422.51921 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-02T19:12:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-02T11:12:48Z", "ms": 94821168137.22166 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-01-01T16:36:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-01T08:36:31Z", "ms": 94725391422.51921 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-02T19:12:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-02T11:12:48Z", "ms": 94821168137.22166 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-01T18:30:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-01T10:30:47Z", "ms": 94732247125.91132 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-01T20:17:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-01T12:17:59Z", "ms": 94738679222.26044 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-01-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-02T18:31:27+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-02T10:31:27Z", "ms": 94818686952.32715 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-02T20:18:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-02T12:18:36Z", "ms": 94825115865.08287 } }, "covered_min": 41, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:37 on Mon 1 Jan to 19:13 on Tue 2 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-01T08:36:31Z → 1973-01-02T11:12:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:31–20:18 on the 1st, 18:31–20:19 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 107 of 107 minutes on the 1st and 41 of 107 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 2481 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Monday 1 January.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-01", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-01", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Monday 1 January. Trayodaśī runs from 16:37 on Mon 1 Jan to 19:13 on Tue 2 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 41 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-01-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-01-02", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11581, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-01-02T19:12:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-02T11:12:48Z", "ms": 94821168137.22166 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-03T21:36:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-03T13:36:42Z", "ms": 94916202025.85573 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-01-02T19:12:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-02T11:12:48Z", "ms": 94821168137.22166 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-03T21:36:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-03T13:36:42Z", "ms": 94916202025.85573 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-03T00:49:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-02T16:49:15Z", "ms": 94841355375.16107 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-03T01:37:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-02T17:37:15Z", "ms": 94844235375.16107 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-01-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-04T00:49:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-03T16:49:43Z", "ms": 94927782911.61798 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-04T01:37:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-03T17:37:43Z", "ms": 94930662911.61798 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:13 on Tue 2 Jan to 21:37 on Wed 3 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-02T11:12:48Z → 1973-01-03T13:36:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:49–01:37 on the 2nd, 00:50–01:38 on the 3rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11581 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 2 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Tuesday 2 January. Caturdaśī runs from 19:13 on Tue 2 Jan to 21:37 on Wed 3 Jan and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-01-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-01-08", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31914, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-01-08T03:36:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-07T19:36:50Z", "ms": 95283409629.0721 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-09T04:00:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-08T20:00:22Z", "ms": 95371221625.24362 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-01-08T03:36:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-07T19:36:50Z", "ms": 95283409629.0721 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-09T04:00:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-08T20:00:22Z", "ms": 95371221625.24362 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-08T12:51:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-08T04:51:50Z", "ms": 95316710408.02069 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-08T13:39:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-08T05:39:50Z", "ms": 95319590408.02069 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-01-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-09T12:52:16+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-09T04:52:16Z", "ms": 95403135891.6746 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-09T13:40:16+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-09T05:40:16Z", "ms": 95406015891.6746 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:37 on Mon 8 Jan to 04:00 on Tue 9 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-07T19:36:50Z → 1973-01-08T20:00:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:52–13:40 on the 8th, 12:52–13:40 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31914 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Monday 8 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Monday 8 January. Caturthī runs from 03:37 on Mon 8 Jan to 04:00 on Tue 9 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-01-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/bhogi", "festival": "bhogi", "name": "Bhogi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30819, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1973-01-14T03:12:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-12T16:10:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-12T08:10:03Z", "ms": 98352603057.71974 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1973-01-14T03:12:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-14T03:12:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-12T18:38:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-12T10:38:34Z", "ms": 95683113514.24773 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-13T18:39:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T10:39:18Z", "ms": 95769558046.41476 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-13T18:39:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T10:39:18Z", "ms": 95769558046.41476 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-14T18:40:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-14T10:40:03Z", "ms": 95856002758.86816 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1973-01-14", "days": -1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 03:13 on Sun 14 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 18:39, and the day of the 14th ends at 18:40.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 30819 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Bhogi is kept the day before Pongal: Sunday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal − 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhogi, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "bhogi", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": -1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1973-01-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1973-01-12", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Bhogi 1973 falls on Saturday 13 January. It is kept the day before Pongal, which falls on Sunday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 03:13 on Sun 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 12 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/bhogi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pongal", "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30819, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1973-01-14T03:12:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-12T16:10:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-12T08:10:03Z", "ms": 98352603057.71974 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1973-01-14T03:12:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-14T03:12:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-12T18:38:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-12T10:38:34Z", "ms": 95683113514.24773 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-13T18:39:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T10:39:18Z", "ms": 95769558046.41476 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-13T18:39:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T10:39:18Z", "ms": 95769558046.41476 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-14T18:40:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-14T10:40:03Z", "ms": 95856002758.86816 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 03:13 on Sun 14 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 18:39, and the day of the 14th ends at 18:40.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 30819 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pongal, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "pongal", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The rule that heads the solar festivals, the day \"taken to begin from midnight\" (p. 106), is not applied to Pongal. It is kept on the first day of the month of Makara as the Tamil districts count it, a transit after sunset going to the next day (p. 244); the Rashtriya Panchang prints Pongal so.", "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1973-01-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1973-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Pongal 1973 falls on Sunday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 03:13 on Sun 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 13 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/makara-sankranti", "festival": "makara-sankranti", "name": "Makara Saṅkrānti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11577, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1973-01-14T03:12:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-12T16:10:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-12T08:10:03Z", "ms": 98352603057.71974 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1973-01-14T03:12:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-14T03:12:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 } }, "kaala": "civil-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-13T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-12T16:00:00Z", "ms": 95702400000 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-14T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T16:00:00Z", "ms": 95788800000 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-14T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T16:00:00Z", "ms": 95788800000 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-15T00:00:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-14T16:00:00Z", "ms": 95875200000 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 03:13 on Sun 14 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Kunming.", "fact": "civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · Asia/Shanghai" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 14th, not the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 11577 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Makara Saṅkrānti, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "makara-sankranti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "midnight" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1973-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1973-01-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Makara Saṅkrānti 1973 falls on Sunday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 03:13 on Sun 14 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 13 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/makara-sankranti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/mattu-pongal", "festival": "mattu-pongal", "name": "Mattu Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30819, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1973-01-14T03:12:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-12T16:10:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-12T08:10:03Z", "ms": 98352603057.71974 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1973-01-14T03:12:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-14T03:12:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-12T18:38:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-12T10:38:34Z", "ms": 95683113514.24773 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-13T18:39:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T10:39:18Z", "ms": 95769558046.41476 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-13T18:39:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T10:39:18Z", "ms": 95769558046.41476 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-14T18:40:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-14T10:40:03Z", "ms": 95856002758.86816 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1973-01-14", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 03:13 on Sun 14 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 18:39, and the day of the 14th ends at 18:40.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 30819 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Mattu Pongal is kept the day after Pongal: Sunday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mattu Pongal, Kunming, 1973: Monday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "mattu-pongal", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1973-01-15", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1973-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Mattu Pongal 1973 falls on Monday 15 January. It is kept the day after Pongal, which falls on Sunday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 03:13 on Sun 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 14 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/mattu-pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-01-15", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33868, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-01-14T20:06:04+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-14T12:06:04Z", "ms": 95861163889.64117 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-15T17:20:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-15T09:20:53Z", "ms": 95937652946.08725 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-01-14T20:06:04+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-14T12:06:04Z", "ms": 95861163889.64117 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-15T17:20:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-15T09:20:53Z", "ms": 95937652946.08725 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-14T07:56:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T23:56:26Z", "ms": 95817386023.31 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-14T07:56:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T23:56:26Z", "ms": 95817386023.31 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-15T07:56:25+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-14T23:56:25Z", "ms": 95903784679.6198 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-15T07:56:25+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-14T23:56:25Z", "ms": 95903784679.6198 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:06 on Sun 14 Jan to 17:21 on Mon 15 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-14T12:06:04Z → 1973-01-15T09:20:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:56 on the 14th and 07:56 on the 15th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 14th and is on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33868 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Monday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Putradā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Monday 15 January. Ekādaśī runs from 20:06 on Sun 14 Jan to 17:21 on Mon 15 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-01-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-01-16", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15509, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-01-16T14:23:04+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-16T06:23:04Z", "ms": 96013383884.09059 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-17T11:19:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-17T03:19:41Z", "ms": 96088781484.7216 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-01-16T14:23:04+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-16T06:23:04Z", "ms": 96013383884.09059 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-17T11:19:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-17T03:19:41Z", "ms": 96088781484.7216 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-16T18:41:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-16T10:41:33Z", "ms": 96028892586.39888 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-16T20:27:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-16T12:27:31Z", "ms": 96035250576.86998 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-01-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-17T18:42:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-17T10:42:18Z", "ms": 96115337637.64125 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-17T20:28:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-17T12:28:09Z", "ms": 96121688846.16174 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:23 on Tue 16 Jan to 11:20 on Wed 17 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-16T06:23:04Z → 1973-01-17T03:19:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:42–20:28 on the 16th, 18:42–20:28 on the 17th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 106 of 106 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 106 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15509 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 16 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Tuesday 16 January. Trayodaśī runs from 14:23 on Tue 16 Jan to 11:20 on Wed 17 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-01-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-01-22", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1309, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-01-21T23:28:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-21T15:28:00Z", "ms": 96478079562.79396 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-22T22:43:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-22T14:43:21Z", "ms": 96561800657.90253 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-01-21T23:28:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-21T15:28:00Z", "ms": 96478079562.79396 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-22T22:43:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-22T14:43:21Z", "ms": 96561800657.90253 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-21T21:24:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-21T13:24:05Z", "ms": 96470645291.22809 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-21T21:24:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-21T13:24:05Z", "ms": 96470645291.22809 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-01-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-22T22:21:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-22T14:21:32Z", "ms": 96560492050.77292 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-22T22:21:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-22T14:21:32Z", "ms": 96560492050.77292 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 23:28 on Sun 21 Jan to 22:43 on Mon 22 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-21T15:28:00Z → 1973-01-22T14:43:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:24 on the 21st and 22:22 on the 22nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1309 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Monday 22 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Monday 22 January. Caturthī runs from 23:28 on Sun 21 Jan to 22:43 on Mon 22 Jan and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-01-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-01-30", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1778, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-01-29T08:23:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-29T00:23:11Z", "ms": 97114990518.58388 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-30T10:58:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-30T02:58:59Z", "ms": 97210739485.38565 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-01-29T08:23:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-29T00:23:11Z", "ms": 97114990518.58388 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-30T10:58:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-30T02:58:59Z", "ms": 97210739485.38565 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-29T07:53:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-28T23:53:32Z", "ms": 97113212089.1006 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-29T07:53:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-28T23:53:32Z", "ms": 97113212089.1006 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-01-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-30T07:53:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-29T23:53:09Z", "ms": 97199589160.08826 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-30T07:53:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-29T23:53:09Z", "ms": 97199589160.08826 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:23 on Mon 29 Jan to 10:59 on Tue 30 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-29T00:23:11Z → 1973-01-30T02:58:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:54 on the 29th and 07:53 on the 30th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 29th and is on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1778 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 30 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Tuesday 30 January. Ekādaśī runs from 08:23 on Mon 29 Jan to 10:59 on Tue 30 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-01-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-01-31", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13325, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-01-31T13:18:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-31T05:18:03Z", "ms": 97305483173.90869 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-01T15:11:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T07:11:20Z", "ms": 97398680495.11584 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-01-31T13:18:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-31T05:18:03Z", "ms": 97305483173.90869 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-01T15:11:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T07:11:20Z", "ms": 97398680495.11584 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-31T18:52:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-31T10:52:42Z", "ms": 97325562210.14008 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-31T20:36:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-31T12:36:39Z", "ms": 97331799151.71423 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-01T18:53:25+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T10:53:25Z", "ms": 97412005396.80783 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-01T20:37:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T12:37:13Z", "ms": 97418232989.54903 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:18 on Wed 31 Jan to 15:11 on Thu 1 Feb.", "fact": "1973-01-31T05:18:03Z → 1973-02-01T07:11:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:53–20:37 on the 31st, 18:53–20:37 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 104 of 104 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 104 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13325 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 31 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Wednesday 31 January. Trayodaśī runs from 13:18 on Wed 31 Jan to 15:11 on Thu 1 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-01-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-02-01", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30313, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-01T15:11:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T07:11:20Z", "ms": 97398680495.11584 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-02T16:33:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-02T08:33:33Z", "ms": 97490013205.86118 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-01T15:11:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T07:11:20Z", "ms": 97398680495.11584 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-02T16:33:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-02T08:33:33Z", "ms": 97490013205.86118 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-02T00:58:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T16:58:39Z", "ms": 97433918869.58731 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-02T01:46:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T17:46:39Z", "ms": 97436798869.58731 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-02-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-03T00:58:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-02T16:58:46Z", "ms": 97520326190.40239 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-03T01:46:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-02T17:46:46Z", "ms": 97523206190.40239 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 15:11 on Thu 1 Feb to 16:34 on Fri 2 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-01T07:11:20Z → 1973-02-02T08:33:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:59–01:47 on the 1st, 00:59–01:47 on the 2nd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30313 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 1 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Thursday 1 February. Caturdaśī runs from 15:11 on Thu 1 Feb to 16:34 on Fri 2 Feb and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-02-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/yama-tarpana", "festival": "yama-tarpana", "name": "Yama Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26341, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-01T15:11:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T07:11:20Z", "ms": 97398680495.11584 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-02T16:33:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-02T08:33:33Z", "ms": 97490013205.86118 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-01T15:11:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T07:11:20Z", "ms": 97398680495.11584 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-02T16:33:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-02T08:33:33Z", "ms": 97490013205.86118 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-01T06:08:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-31T22:08:22Z", "ms": 97366102330.37209 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-01T07:52:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-01-31T23:52:19Z", "ms": 97372339271.94624 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-02-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-02T06:08:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T22:08:05Z", "ms": 97452484749.62561 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-02T07:51:52+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T23:51:52Z", "ms": 97458712342.3668 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 15:11 on Thu 1 Feb to 16:34 on Fri 2 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-01T07:11:20Z → 1973-02-02T08:33:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 06:08–07:52 on the 1st, 06:08–07:52 on the 2nd.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 104 minutes on the 1st and 104 of 104 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26341 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Tarpaṇa, Kunming, 1973: Friday 2 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Yama tarpana (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Yama Tarpaṇa 1973 falls on Friday 2 February. Caturdaśī runs from 15:11 on Thu 1 Feb to 16:34 on Fri 2 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/yama-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/tila-chaturthi", "festival": "tila-chaturthi", "name": "Tila Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7686, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-06T16:48:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-06T08:48:51Z", "ms": 97836530731.89613 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-07T15:47:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z", "ms": 97919275577.25844 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-06T16:48:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-06T08:48:51Z", "ms": 97836530731.89613 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-07T15:47:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z", "ms": 97919275577.25844 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-06T18:56:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-06T10:56:56Z", "ms": 97844216263.52963 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-06T20:39:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-06T12:39:55Z", "ms": 97850395223.6816 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-07T18:57:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T10:57:37Z", "ms": 97930657298.52798 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-07T20:40:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T12:40:26Z", "ms": 97936826186.90782 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:49 on Tue 6 Feb to 15:48 on Wed 7 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-06T08:48:51Z → 1973-02-07T07:47:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:57–20:40 on the 6th, 18:58–20:40 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 103 of 103 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 103 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7686 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Tila Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 6 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "tila-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Tila Caturthī 1973 falls on Tuesday 6 February. Caturthī runs from 16:49 on Tue 6 Feb to 15:48 on Wed 7 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/tila-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ganesha-jayanti", "festival": "ganesha-jayanti", "name": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī", "everyday": "Maghi Ganesh Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7228, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-06T16:48:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-06T08:48:51Z", "ms": 97836530731.89613 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-07T15:47:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z", "ms": 97919275577.25844 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-06T16:48:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-06T08:48:51Z", "ms": 97836530731.89613 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-07T15:47:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z", "ms": 97919275577.25844 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-06T12:59:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-06T04:59:24Z", "ms": 97822764006.32611 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-06T13:47:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-06T05:47:24Z", "ms": 97825644006.32611 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-07T12:59:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T04:59:28Z", "ms": 97909167881.59868 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-07T13:47:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T05:47:28Z", "ms": 97912047881.59868 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:49 on Tue 6 Feb to 15:48 on Wed 7 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-06T08:48:51Z → 1973-02-07T07:47:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:59–13:47 on the 6th, 12:59–13:47 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 7228 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 7 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Gaṇeśa Jayantī (Maghi Ganesh Jayanti) 1973 falls on Wednesday 7 February. Caturthī runs from 16:49 on Tue 6 Feb to 15:48 on Wed 7 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ganesha-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shri-panchami", "festival": "shri-panchami", "name": "Śrī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2440, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-07T15:47:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z", "ms": 97919275577.25844 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-08T14:28:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T06:28:11Z", "ms": 98000891193.35284 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-07T15:47:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z", "ms": 97919275577.25844 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-08T14:28:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T06:28:11Z", "ms": 98000891193.35284 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-07T12:59:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T04:59:28Z", "ms": 97909167881.59868 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-07T13:47:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T05:47:28Z", "ms": 97912047881.59868 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-02-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-08T12:59:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T04:59:31Z", "ms": 97995570940.09557 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-08T13:47:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T05:47:31Z", "ms": 97998450940.09557 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 15:48 on Wed 7 Feb to 14:28 on Thu 8 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z → 1973-02-08T06:28:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:59–13:47 on the 7th, 13:00–13:48 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 2440 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Pañcamī, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 8 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-08", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śrī Pañcamī 1973 falls on Thursday 8 February. Pañcamī runs from 15:48 on Wed 7 Feb to 14:28 on Thu 8 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shri-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vasanta-panchami", "festival": "vasanta-panchami", "name": "Vasanta Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2440, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-07T15:47:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z", "ms": 97919275577.25844 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-08T14:28:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T06:28:11Z", "ms": 98000891193.35284 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-07T15:47:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z", "ms": 97919275577.25844 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-08T14:28:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T06:28:11Z", "ms": 98000891193.35284 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-07T12:59:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T04:59:28Z", "ms": 97909167881.59868 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-07T13:47:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T05:47:28Z", "ms": 97912047881.59868 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-02-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-08T12:59:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T04:59:31Z", "ms": 97995570940.09557 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-08T13:47:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T05:47:31Z", "ms": 97998450940.09557 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 15:48 on Wed 7 Feb to 14:28 on Thu 8 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z → 1973-02-08T06:28:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:59–13:47 on the 7th, 13:00–13:48 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2440 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasanta Pañcamī, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 8 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasanta-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-08", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vasanta Pañcamī 1973 falls on Thursday 8 February. Pañcamī runs from 15:48 on Wed 7 Feb to 14:28 on Thu 8 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vasanta-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ratha-saptami", "festival": "ratha-saptami", "name": "Ratha Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11787, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-09T12:52:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-09T04:52:41Z", "ms": 98081560984.23868 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-10T11:03:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-10T03:03:58Z", "ms": 98161438330.60675 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-09T12:52:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-09T04:52:41Z", "ms": 98081560984.23868 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-10T11:03:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-10T03:03:58Z", "ms": 98161438330.60675 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-09T06:05:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T22:05:30Z", "ms": 98057129546.82626 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-09T07:48:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T23:48:08Z", "ms": 98063288258.82808 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-10T06:05:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-09T22:05:03Z", "ms": 98143502942.49005 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-10T07:47:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-09T23:47:31Z", "ms": 98149651377.84944 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 12:53 on Fri 9 Feb to 11:04 on Sat 10 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-09T04:52:41Z → 1973-02-10T03:03:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 06:05–07:48 on the 9th, 06:05–07:48 on the 10th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 103 minutes on the 9th and 102 of 102 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11787 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ratha Saptamī, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 10 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ratha-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Ratha saptami (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise), Acala saptami, Vidhana saptami, Arogya saptami [purvaviddha]." } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Ratha Saptamī 1973 falls on Saturday 10 February. Saptamī runs from 12:53 on Fri 9 Feb to 11:04 on Sat 10 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ratha-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-02-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Jayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11095, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-13T04:40:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-12T20:40:39Z", "ms": 98397638799.63809 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-14T02:22:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-13T18:22:11Z", "ms": 98475731412.82301 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-13T04:40:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-12T20:40:39Z", "ms": 98397638799.63809 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-14T02:22:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-13T18:22:11Z", "ms": 98475731412.82301 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-13T07:45:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-12T23:45:34Z", "ms": 98408733892.23033 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-13T07:45:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-12T23:45:34Z", "ms": 98408733892.23033 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-14T07:44:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-13T23:44:53Z", "ms": 98495092531.70642 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-14T07:44:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-13T23:44:53Z", "ms": 98495092531.70642 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:41 on Tue 13 Feb to 02:22 on Wed 14 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-12T20:40:39Z → 1973-02-13T18:22:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:46 on the 13th and 07:45 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 13th and is not on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11095 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jayā Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 13 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Jayā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Tuesday 13 February. Ekādaśī runs from 04:41 on Tue 13 Feb to 02:22 on Wed 14 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-02-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/bhishma-dvadashi", "festival": "bhishma-dvadashi", "name": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37000, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-14T02:22:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-13T18:22:11Z", "ms": 98475731412.82301 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-15T00:04:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T16:04:13Z", "ms": 98553852707.27051 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-14T02:22:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-13T18:22:11Z", "ms": 98475731412.82301 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-15T00:04:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T16:04:13Z", "ms": 98553852707.27051 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-13T12:59:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-13T04:59:34Z", "ms": 98427574176.1511 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-13T13:47:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-13T05:47:34Z", "ms": 98430454176.1511 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-14T12:59:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T04:59:32Z", "ms": 98513972474.99734 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-14T13:47:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T05:47:32Z", "ms": 98516852474.99734 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 02:22 on Wed 14 Feb to 00:04 on Thu 15 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-13T18:22:11Z → 1973-02-14T16:04:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:00–13:48 on the 13th, 13:00–13:48 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 37000 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 14 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhishma-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Bhisma dvadasi (purvaviddha), Amalaki dvadasi, Santana dvadasi, Varaha dvadasi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Bhīṣma Dvādaśī 1973 falls on Wednesday 14 February. Dvādaśī runs from 02:22 on Wed 14 Feb to 00:04 on Thu 15 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/bhishma-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-02-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4042, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-15T00:04:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T16:04:13Z", "ms": 98553852707.27051 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-15T21:51:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-15T13:51:37Z", "ms": 98632297158.26091 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-15T00:04:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T16:04:13Z", "ms": 98553852707.27051 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-15T21:51:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-15T13:51:37Z", "ms": 98632297158.26091 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-14T19:02:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T11:02:12Z", "ms": 98535732418.28828 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-14T20:43:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T12:43:48Z", "ms": 98541828111.27524 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-02-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-15T19:02:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-15T11:02:50Z", "ms": 98622169924.28104 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-15T20:44:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-15T12:44:15Z", "ms": 98628254823.94127 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 00:04 on Thu 15 Feb to 21:52 on Thu 15 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-14T16:04:13Z → 1973-02-15T13:51:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:02–20:44 on the 14th, 19:03–20:44 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 102 minutes on the 14th and 101 of 101 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4042 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 15 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Thursday 15 February. Trayodaśī runs from 00:04 on Thu 15 Feb to 21:52 on Thu 15 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-02-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/maghi-purnima", "festival": "maghi-purnima", "name": "Māghī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15574, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-02-16T19:50:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-16T11:50:18Z", "ms": 98711418233.35657 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-17T18:06:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-17T10:06:57Z", "ms": 98791616635.59999 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-16T19:50:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-16T11:50:18Z", "ms": 98711418233.35657 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-17T18:06:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-17T10:06:57Z", "ms": 98791616635.59999 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-16T12:59:27+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-16T04:59:27Z", "ms": 98686766826.52776 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-16T13:47:27+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-16T05:47:27Z", "ms": 98689646826.52776 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-02-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-17T12:59:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-17T04:59:23Z", "ms": 98773162911.0996 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-17T13:47:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-17T05:47:23Z", "ms": 98776042911.0996 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 19:50 on Fri 16 Feb to 18:07 on Sat 17 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-16T11:50:18Z → 1973-02-17T10:06:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:59–13:47 on the 16th, 12:59–13:47 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15574 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Māghī Pūrṇimā, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 17 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maghi-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Maghi purnima (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Māghī Pūrṇimā 1973 falls on Saturday 17 February. Pūrṇimā runs from 19:50 on Fri 16 Feb to 18:07 on Sat 17 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/maghi-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-02-20", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21879, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-20T15:53:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-20T07:53:28Z", "ms": 99042807698.20506 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-21T16:26:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-21T08:26:06Z", "ms": 99131166095.8133 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-20T15:53:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-20T07:53:28Z", "ms": 99042807698.20506 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-21T16:26:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-21T08:26:06Z", "ms": 99131166095.8133 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-20T21:58:07+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-20T13:58:07Z", "ms": 99064687082.5759 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-20T21:58:07+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-20T13:58:07Z", "ms": 99064687082.5759 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-02-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-21T22:53:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-21T14:53:12Z", "ms": 99154391962.98788 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-21T22:53:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-21T14:53:12Z", "ms": 99154391962.98788 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:53 on Tue 20 Feb to 16:26 on Wed 21 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-20T07:53:28Z → 1973-02-21T08:26:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:58 on the 20th and 22:53 on the 21st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21879 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 20 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Tuesday 20 February. Caturthī runs from 15:53 on Tue 20 Feb to 16:26 on Wed 21 Feb and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-02-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-02-28", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Vijayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 893, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-28T05:26:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-27T21:26:12Z", "ms": 99696372061.36926 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-01T07:17:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-28T23:17:48Z", "ms": 99789467947.45152 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-28T05:26:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-27T21:26:12Z", "ms": 99696372061.36926 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-01T07:17:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-28T23:17:48Z", "ms": 99789467947.45152 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-28T07:33:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-27T23:33:35Z", "ms": 99704015475.76408 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-28T07:33:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-27T23:33:35Z", "ms": 99704015475.76408 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-03-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-01T07:32:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-28T23:32:41Z", "ms": 99790361232.80273 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-01T07:32:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-02-28T23:32:41Z", "ms": 99790361232.80273 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:26 on Wed 28 Feb to 07:18 on Thu 1 Mar.", "fact": "1973-02-27T21:26:12Z → 1973-02-28T23:17:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:34 on the 28th and 07:33 on the 1st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 28th and is not on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 893 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 28 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vijayā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Wednesday 28 February. Ekādaśī runs from 05:26 on Wed 28 Feb to 07:18 on Thu 1 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-02-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-03-02", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36495, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-03-02T08:31:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-02T00:31:37Z", "ms": 99880297162.00635 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-03T09:03:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-03T01:03:39Z", "ms": 99968618516.71846 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-02T08:31:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-02T00:31:37Z", "ms": 99880297162.00635 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-03T09:03:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-03T01:03:39Z", "ms": 99968618516.71846 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-02T19:11:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-02T11:11:22Z", "ms": 99918682048.69255 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-02T20:49:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-02T12:49:58Z", "ms": 99924597889.33754 } }, "covered_min": 99, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-03-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-03T19:11:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-03T11:11:53Z", "ms": 100005113113.7577 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-03T20:50:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-03T12:50:17Z", "ms": 100011017334.32184 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:32 on Fri 2 Mar to 09:04 on Sat 3 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-02T00:31:37Z → 1973-03-03T01:03:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:11–20:50 on the 2nd, 19:12–20:50 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 99 of 99 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 98 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36495 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Friday 2 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Friday 2 March. Trayodaśī runs from 08:32 on Fri 2 Mar to 09:04 on Sat 3 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-03-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/maha-shivaratri", "festival": "maha-shivaratri", "name": "Mahāśivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25763, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-03-03T09:03:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-03T01:03:39Z", "ms": 99968618516.71846 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-04T08:54:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-04T00:54:17Z", "ms": 100054457082.08437 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-03T09:03:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-03T01:03:39Z", "ms": 99968618516.71846 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-04T08:54:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-04T00:54:17Z", "ms": 100054457082.08437 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-03T00:57:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-02T16:57:06Z", "ms": 99939426451.11125 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-03T01:45:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-02T17:45:06Z", "ms": 99942306451.11125 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-03-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-04T00:56:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-03T16:56:54Z", "ms": 100025813940.87321 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-04T01:44:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-03T17:44:54Z", "ms": 100028693940.87321 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 09:04 on Sat 3 Mar to 08:54 on Sun 4 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-03T01:03:39Z → 1973-03-04T00:54:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:57–01:45 on the 2nd, 00:57–01:45 on the 3rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 25763 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāśivarātri, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 3 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maha-shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day" } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Mahāśivarātri 1973 falls on Saturday 3 March. Caturdaśī runs from 09:04 on Sat 3 Mar to 08:54 on Sun 4 Mar and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/maha-shivaratri", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-03-08", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35334, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-03-08T03:07:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-07T19:07:20Z", "ms": 100379239876.58937 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-09T00:58:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-08T16:58:23Z", "ms": 100457902681.76816 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-08T03:07:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-07T19:07:20Z", "ms": 100379239876.58937 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-09T00:58:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-08T16:58:23Z", "ms": 100457902681.76816 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-08T12:56:14+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-08T04:56:14Z", "ms": 100414574177.2197 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-08T13:44:14+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-08T05:44:14Z", "ms": 100417454177.2197 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-03-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-09T12:55:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-09T04:55:59Z", "ms": 100500959378.40822 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-09T13:43:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-09T05:43:59Z", "ms": 100503839378.40822 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:07 on Thu 8 Mar to 00:58 on Fri 9 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-07T19:07:20Z → 1973-03-08T16:58:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:56–13:44 on the 8th, 12:56–13:44 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35334 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 8 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Thursday 8 March. Caturthī runs from 03:07 on Thu 8 Mar to 00:58 on Fri 9 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-03-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-03-15", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14197, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-03-14T12:49:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-14T04:49:38Z", "ms": 100932578457.21169 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-15T11:15:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-15T03:15:43Z", "ms": 101013342759.53683 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-14T12:49:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-14T04:49:38Z", "ms": 100932578457.21169 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-15T11:15:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-15T03:15:43Z", "ms": 101013342759.53683 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-14T07:20:07+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-13T23:20:07Z", "ms": 100912806916.14136 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-14T07:20:07+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-13T23:20:07Z", "ms": 100912806916.14136 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-03-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-15T07:19:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-14T23:19:06Z", "ms": 100999145991.92694 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-15T07:19:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-14T23:19:06Z", "ms": 100999145991.92694 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:50 on Wed 14 Mar to 11:16 on Thu 15 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-14T04:49:38Z → 1973-03-15T03:15:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:20 on the 14th and 07:19 on the 15th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 14th and is on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14197 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 15 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Āmalakī Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Thursday 15 March. Ekādaśī runs from 12:50 on Wed 14 Mar to 11:16 on Thu 15 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-03-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-03-16", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33866, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-03-16T09:53:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-16T01:53:42Z", "ms": 101094822239.26117 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-17T08:46:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T00:46:33Z", "ms": 101177192807.9938 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-16T09:53:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-16T01:53:42Z", "ms": 101094822239.26117 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-17T08:46:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T00:46:33Z", "ms": 101177192807.9938 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-16T19:18:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-16T11:18:08Z", "ms": 101128687931.93921 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-16T20:53:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-16T12:53:59Z", "ms": 101134439319.20868 } }, "covered_min": 96, "window_min": 96, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-03-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-17T19:18:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T11:18:35Z", "ms": 101215114902.62181 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-17T20:54:14+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T12:54:14Z", "ms": 101220854470.83571 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 96, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 09:54 on Fri 16 Mar to 08:47 on Sat 17 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-16T01:53:42Z → 1973-03-17T00:46:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:18–20:54 on the 16th, 19:19–20:54 on the 17th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 96 of 96 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 96 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33866 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Friday 16 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Friday 16 March. Trayodaśī runs from 09:54 on Fri 16 Mar to 08:47 on Sat 17 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-03-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/holika-dahana", "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32173, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-03-18T07:58:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T23:58:12Z", "ms": 101260692407.60492 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-19T07:33:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T23:33:24Z", "ms": 101345603610.73875 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-18T07:58:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T23:58:12Z", "ms": 101260692407.60492 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-19T07:33:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T23:33:24Z", "ms": 101345603610.73875 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-18T16:54:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T08:54:26Z", "ms": 101292865680.0514 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-18T19:19:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T11:19:02Z", "ms": 101301541684.00774 } }, "covered_min": 145, "window_min": 145, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-03-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-19T16:54:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-19T08:54:35Z", "ms": 101379274596.23828 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-19T19:19:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-19T11:19:28Z", "ms": 101387968294.80377 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 145, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 07:58 on Sun 18 Mar to 07:33 on Mon 19 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-17T23:58:12Z → 1973-03-18T23:33:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:54–19:19 on the 18th, 16:55–19:19 on the 19th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 145 of 145 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 145 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32173 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holikā Dahana, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 18 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holika-dahana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "not_evaluated": "The hour the row gives for the rite (\"it should be observed on second half of purnima at night\") is not tested: sāyāhna alone settles the day.", "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Holikā Dahana 1973 falls on Sunday 18 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 07:58 on Sun 18 Mar to 07:33 on Mon 19 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/holika-dahana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/holi", "festival": "holi", "name": "Holī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32173, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-03-18T07:58:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T23:58:12Z", "ms": 101260692407.60492 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-19T07:33:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T23:33:24Z", "ms": 101345603610.73875 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-18T07:58:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T23:58:12Z", "ms": 101260692407.60492 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-19T07:33:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T23:33:24Z", "ms": 101345603610.73875 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-18T16:54:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T08:54:26Z", "ms": 101292865680.0514 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-18T19:19:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T11:19:02Z", "ms": 101301541684.00774 } }, "covered_min": 145, "window_min": 145, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-03-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-19T16:54:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-19T08:54:35Z", "ms": 101379274596.23828 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-19T19:19:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-19T11:19:28Z", "ms": 101387968294.80377 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 145, "qualifies": false } ], "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "local_date": "1973-03-18", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 07:58 on Sun 18 Mar to 07:33 on Mon 19 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-17T23:58:12Z → 1973-03-18T23:33:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:54–19:19 on the 18th, 16:55–19:19 on the 19th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 145 of 145 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 145 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32173 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Holī is kept the day after Holikā Dahana: Sunday 18 March is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: holika-dahana + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holī, Kunming, 1973: Monday 19 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holi", "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Holī 1973 falls on Monday 19 March. It is kept the day after Holikā Dahana, which falls on Sunday 18 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 07:58 on Sun 18 Mar to 07:33 on Mon 19 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna on the 18th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/holi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vasantotsava", "festival": "vasantotsava", "name": "Vasantotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1104, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 15, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1973-03-19T07:33:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T23:33:24Z", "ms": 101345603610.73875 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-20T07:36:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-19T23:36:58Z", "ms": 101432217564.3028 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-19T07:33:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T23:33:24Z", "ms": 101345603610.73875 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-20T07:36:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-19T23:36:58Z", "ms": 101432217564.3028 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-19T07:15:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T23:15:00Z", "ms": 101344499801.9763 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-19T07:15:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T23:15:00Z", "ms": 101344499801.9763 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-03-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-20T07:13:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-19T23:13:58Z", "ms": 101430837779.72563 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-20T07:13:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-19T23:13:58Z", "ms": 101430837779.72563 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 07:33 on Mon 19 Mar to 07:37 on Tue 20 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-18T23:33:24Z → 1973-03-19T23:36:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:15 on the 19th and 07:14 on the 20th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1104 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasantotsava, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 20 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasantotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 1 Vasantotsava (current at sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vasantotsava 1973 falls on Tuesday 20 March. Pratipadā runs from 07:33 on Mon 19 Mar to 07:37 on Tue 20 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vasantotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-03-22", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 42451, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-03-22T09:23:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-22T01:23:44Z", "ms": 101611423903.73059 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-23T11:08:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-23T03:08:13Z", "ms": 101704093083.23666 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-22T09:23:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-22T01:23:44Z", "ms": 101611423903.73059 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-23T11:08:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-23T03:08:13Z", "ms": 101704093083.23666 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-21T21:36:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-21T13:36:13Z", "ms": 101568972780.9565 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-21T21:36:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-21T13:36:13Z", "ms": 101568972780.9565 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-03-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-22T22:31:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-22T14:31:19Z", "ms": 101658678596.53271 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-22T22:31:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-22T14:31:19Z", "ms": 101658678596.53271 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:24 on Thu 22 Mar to 11:08 on Fri 23 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-22T01:23:44Z → 1973-03-23T03:08:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:36 on the 21st and 22:31 on the 22nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 42451 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 22 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Thursday 22 March. Caturthī runs from 09:24 on Thu 22 Mar to 11:08 on Fri 23 Mar and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-03-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shitalashtami", "festival": "shitalashtami", "name": "Śītalāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17488, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-03-26T18:30:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-26T10:30:35Z", "ms": 101989835219.02682 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-27T20:57:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-27T12:57:02Z", "ms": 102085021637.3385 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-26T18:30:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-26T10:30:35Z", "ms": 101989835219.02682 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-27T20:57:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-27T12:57:02Z", "ms": 102085021637.3385 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-26T12:51:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-26T04:51:08Z", "ms": 101969467602.80179 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-26T13:39:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-26T05:39:08Z", "ms": 101972347602.80179 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-03-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-27T12:50:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-27T04:50:49Z", "ms": 102055849370.83926 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-27T13:38:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-27T05:38:49Z", "ms": 102058729370.83926 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 18:31 on Mon 26 Mar to 20:57 on Tue 27 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-26T10:30:35Z → 1973-03-27T12:57:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:51–13:39 on the 26th, 12:51–13:39 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 17488 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalāṣṭamī, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 27 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitalashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Sitalastami, (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śītalāṣṭamī 1973 falls on Tuesday 27 March. Aṣṭamī runs from 18:31 on Mon 26 Mar to 20:57 on Tue 27 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shitalashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-03-30", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22125, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-03-30T00:18:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-29T16:18:43Z", "ms": 102269922507.9073 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-31T00:53:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-30T16:53:48Z", "ms": 102358427992.35783 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-30T00:18:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-29T16:18:43Z", "ms": 102269922507.9073 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-31T00:53:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-30T16:53:48Z", "ms": 102358427992.35783 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-30T07:03:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-29T23:03:35Z", "ms": 102294215130.01794 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-30T07:03:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-29T23:03:35Z", "ms": 102294215130.01794 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-31T07:02:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-30T23:02:33Z", "ms": 102380553237.31317 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-31T07:02:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-30T23:02:33Z", "ms": 102380553237.31317 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:19 on Fri 30 Mar to 00:54 on Sat 31 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-29T16:18:43Z → 1973-03-30T16:53:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:04 on the 30th and 07:03 on the 31st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 30th and is not on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22125 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Friday 30 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Friday 30 March. Ekādaśī runs from 00:19 on Fri 30 Mar to 00:54 on Sat 31 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-03-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-04-01", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9714, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-01T00:40:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-31T16:40:03Z", "ms": 102444003162.54239 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-01T23:39:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-01T15:39:44Z", "ms": 102526783820.07811 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-01T00:40:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-31T16:40:03Z", "ms": 102444003162.54239 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-01T23:39:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-01T15:39:44Z", "ms": 102526783820.07811 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-31T19:24:40+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-31T11:24:40Z", "ms": 102425080468.30013 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-31T20:57:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-03-31T12:57:35Z", "ms": 102430655274.98285 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-01T19:25:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-01T11:25:06Z", "ms": 102511506320.59933 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-01T20:57:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-01T12:57:49Z", "ms": 102517069477.55887 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 00:40 on Sun 1 Apr to 23:40 on Sun 1 Apr.", "fact": "1973-03-31T16:40:03Z → 1973-04-01T15:39:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:25–20:58 on the 31st, 19:25–20:58 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 93 minutes on the 31st and 93 of 93 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9714 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 1 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Sunday 1 April. Trayodaśī runs from 00:40 on Sun 1 Apr to 23:40 on Sun 1 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-04-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-04-01", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4144, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-01T23:39:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-01T15:39:44Z", "ms": 102526783820.07811 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-02T21:58:40+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-02T13:58:40Z", "ms": 102607120429.0729 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-01T23:39:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-01T15:39:44Z", "ms": 102526783820.07811 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-02T21:58:40+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-02T13:58:40Z", "ms": 102607120429.0729 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-02T00:48:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-01T16:48:48Z", "ms": 102530928159.1976 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-02T01:36:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-01T17:36:48Z", "ms": 102533808159.1976 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-04-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-03T00:48:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-02T16:48:30Z", "ms": 102617310449.89612 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-03T01:36:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-02T17:36:30Z", "ms": 102620190449.89612 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 23:40 on Sun 1 Apr to 21:59 on Mon 2 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-01T15:39:44Z → 1973-04-02T13:58:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:49–01:37 on the 1st, 00:49–01:37 on the 2nd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4144 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 1 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Sunday 1 April. Caturdaśī runs from 23:40 on Sun 1 Apr to 21:59 on Mon 2 Apr and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-04-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "festival": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "name": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra)", "everyday": "Chaitra Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12705, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1973-04-03T19:45:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-03T11:45:03Z", "ms": 102685502565.29326 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-04T17:08:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-04T09:08:11Z", "ms": 102762491204.85086 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-03T19:45:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-03T11:45:03Z", "ms": 102685502565.29326 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-04T17:08:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-04T09:08:11Z", "ms": 102762491204.85086 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-03T12:48:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-03T04:48:43Z", "ms": 102660523407.73198 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-03T13:36:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-03T05:36:43Z", "ms": 102663403407.73198 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-04T12:48:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-04T04:48:26Z", "ms": 102746905859.62845 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-04T13:36:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-04T05:36:26Z", "ms": 102749785859.62845 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 19:45 on Tue 3 Apr to 17:08 on Wed 4 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-03T11:45:03Z → 1973-04-04T09:08:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:49–13:37 on the 3rd, 12:48–13:36 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12705 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra), Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 4 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Navarātrārambha (Caitra) (Chaitra Navratri) 1973 falls on Wednesday 4 April. Pratipadā runs from 19:45 on Tue 3 Apr to 17:08 on Wed 4 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/gauri-tritiya", "festival": "gauri-tritiya", "name": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Gangaur", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2496, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-04-05T14:17:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-05T06:17:44Z", "ms": 102838664189.03291 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-06T11:22:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T03:22:54Z", "ms": 102914574048.58827 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-05T14:17:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-05T06:17:44Z", "ms": 102838664189.03291 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-06T11:22:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T03:22:54Z", "ms": 102914574048.58827 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-05T12:48:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-05T04:48:08Z", "ms": 102833288468.98012 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-05T13:36:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-05T05:36:08Z", "ms": 102836168468.98012 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-06T12:47:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T04:47:51Z", "ms": 102919671249.45372 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-06T13:35:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T05:35:51Z", "ms": 102922551249.45372 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 14:18 on Thu 5 Apr to 11:23 on Fri 6 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-05T06:17:44Z → 1973-04-06T03:22:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:48–13:36 on the 5th, 12:48–13:36 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: unstated → second-day · margin 2496 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā, Kunming, 1973: Friday 6 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gauri-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Gaurī Tṛtīyā (Gangaur) 1973 falls on Friday 6 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 14:18 on Thu 5 Apr to 11:23 on Fri 6 Apr, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/gauri-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2496, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-04-05T14:17:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-05T06:17:44Z", "ms": 102838664189.03291 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-06T11:22:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T03:22:54Z", "ms": 102914574048.58827 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-05T14:17:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-05T06:17:44Z", "ms": 102838664189.03291 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-06T11:22:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T03:22:54Z", "ms": 102914574048.58827 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-05T12:48:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-05T04:48:08Z", "ms": 102833288468.98012 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-05T13:36:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-05T05:36:08Z", "ms": 102836168468.98012 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-06T12:47:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T04:47:51Z", "ms": 102919671249.45372 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-06T13:35:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T05:35:51Z", "ms": 102922551249.45372 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 14:18 on Thu 5 Apr to 11:23 on Fri 6 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-05T06:17:44Z → 1973-04-06T03:22:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:48–13:36 on the 5th, 12:48–13:36 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → second-day · margin 2496 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Friday 6 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata 1973 falls on Friday 6 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 14:18 on Thu 5 Apr to 11:23 on Fri 6 Apr, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-04-06", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5097, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-06T11:22:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T03:22:54Z", "ms": 102914574048.58827 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-07T08:31:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T00:31:55Z", "ms": 102990715482.03282 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-06T11:22:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T03:22:54Z", "ms": 102914574048.58827 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-07T08:31:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T00:31:55Z", "ms": 102990715482.03282 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-06T12:47:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T04:47:51Z", "ms": 102919671249.45372 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-06T13:35:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T05:35:51Z", "ms": 102922551249.45372 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-07T12:47:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T04:47:34Z", "ms": 103006054214.78207 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-07T13:35:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T05:35:34Z", "ms": 103008934214.78207 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:23 on Fri 6 Apr to 08:32 on Sat 7 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-06T03:22:54Z → 1973-04-07T00:31:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:48–13:36 on the 6th, 12:48–13:36 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5097 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Friday 6 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Friday 6 April. Caturthī runs from 11:23 on Fri 6 Apr to 08:32 on Sat 7 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-04-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/lakshmi-panchami", "festival": "lakshmi-panchami", "name": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15339, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-07T08:31:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T00:31:55Z", "ms": 102990715482.03282 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-08T05:51:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T21:51:41Z", "ms": 103067500680.36275 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-07T08:31:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T00:31:55Z", "ms": 102990715482.03282 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-08T05:51:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T21:51:41Z", "ms": 103067500680.36275 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-07T12:47:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T04:47:34Z", "ms": 103006054214.78207 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-07T13:35:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T05:35:34Z", "ms": 103008934214.78207 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-08T12:47:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-08T04:47:17Z", "ms": 103092437379.16681 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-08T13:35:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-08T05:35:17Z", "ms": 103095317379.16681 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 08:32 on Sat 7 Apr to 05:52 on Sun 8 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-07T00:31:55Z → 1973-04-07T21:51:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:48–13:36 on the 7th, 12:47–13:35 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 15339 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 7 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "lakshmi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri pancami or Laksmi pancami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Lakṣmī Pañcamī 1973 falls on Saturday 7 April. Pañcamī runs from 08:32 on Sat 7 Apr to 05:52 on Sun 8 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/lakshmi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/bhavani-utpatti", "festival": "bhavani-utpatti", "name": "Bhavānī Utpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36248, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-10T01:22:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-09T17:22:30Z", "ms": 103224150072.60413 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-10T23:38:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-10T15:38:53Z", "ms": 103304332784.87894 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-10T01:22:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-09T17:22:30Z", "ms": 103224150072.60413 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-10T23:38:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-10T15:38:53Z", "ms": 103304332784.87894 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-09T12:47:01+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-09T04:47:01Z", "ms": 103178820757.57767 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-09T13:35:01+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-09T05:35:01Z", "ms": 103181700757.57767 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-10T12:46:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-10T04:46:44Z", "ms": 103265204365.89255 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-10T13:34:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-10T05:34:44Z", "ms": 103268084365.89255 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 01:23 on Tue 10 Apr to 23:39 on Tue 10 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-09T17:22:30Z → 1973-04-10T15:38:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:47–13:35 on the 9th, 12:47–13:35 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36248 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhavānī Utpatti, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 10 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhavani-utpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Annapurna puja (Beng.) (paraviddha), Bhavani-utpatti (paraviddha), Asokastami (Special when combined with naks. Punarvasu and Wednesday, after mid-day)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Bhavānī Utpatti 1973 falls on Tuesday 10 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 01:23 on Tue 10 Apr to 23:39 on Tue 10 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/bhavani-utpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/rama-navami", "festival": "rama-navami", "name": "Rāma Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31357, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-10T23:38:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-10T15:38:53Z", "ms": 103304332784.87894 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-11T22:17:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-11T14:17:05Z", "ms": 103385825056.19107 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-10T23:38:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-10T15:38:53Z", "ms": 103304332784.87894 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-11T22:17:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-11T14:17:05Z", "ms": 103385825056.19107 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-10T12:46:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-10T04:46:44Z", "ms": 103265204365.89255 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-10T13:34:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-10T05:34:44Z", "ms": 103268084365.89255 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-11T12:46:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-11T04:46:28Z", "ms": 103351588220.88803 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-11T13:34:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-11T05:34:28Z", "ms": 103354468220.88803 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 23:39 on Tue 10 Apr to 22:17 on Wed 11 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-10T15:38:53Z → 1973-04-11T14:17:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:47–13:35 on the 10th, 12:46–13:34 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31357 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāma Navamī, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 11 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rama-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Ramanavami (madhyahnavyapini, special with Punarvasu naks.), Rama jayanti." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special when it falls with Punarvasu nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Rāma Navamī 1973 falls on Wednesday 11 April. Navamī runs from 23:39 on Tue 10 Apr to 22:17 on Wed 11 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/rama-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vaishakhi", "festival": "vaishakhi", "name": "Vaiśākhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33022, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 0, "key": "mesha", "name": "Meṣa", "start": { "local": "1973-04-13T21:38:14+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T13:38:14Z", "ms": 103556293783.97415 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-14T18:36:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T10:36:32Z", "ms": 106223791962.54007 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1973-04-13T21:38:14+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T13:38:14Z", "ms": 103556293783.97415 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-13T21:38:14+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T13:38:14Z", "ms": 103556293783.97415 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-13T06:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-12T22:49:33Z", "ms": 103502972866.80301 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-14T06:48:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T22:48:36Z", "ms": 103589315521.6053 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-14T06:48:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T22:48:36Z", "ms": 103589315521.6053 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-15T06:47:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T22:47:39Z", "ms": 103675658686.13773 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Meṣa at 21:38 on Fri 13 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-13T13:38:14Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:50 on the 13th, and from 06:49 on the 14th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from sunrise. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunrise → only-day · margin 33022 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaiśākhī, Kunming, 1973: Friday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "vaishakhi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Mesadi — Cadaka puja (Bengal), Bahag Bihu (Assam), Cheiraoba (Manipur), Visu (T. C. State), Vaisakhi (on the samkramana day commencing from sunrise)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The other names in the row (Cadaka puja, Bahag Bihu, Cheiraoba, Visu) are regional observances and wait with the regional rows.", "rashi": "Meṣa", "day_from": "sunrise" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1973-04-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1973-04-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vaiśākhī 1973 falls on Friday 13 April. The Sun enters Meṣa at 21:38 on Fri 13 Apr, and the rule counts the day from sunrise. By the Tamil rule for the first day of a solar month, which gives a transit after sunset to the next day, it is 14 April.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vaishakhi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-04-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34355, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-12T21:16:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-12T13:16:58Z", "ms": 103468617557.27032 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-13T20:38:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T12:38:15Z", "ms": 103552694547.87605 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-12T21:16:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-12T13:16:58Z", "ms": 103468617557.27032 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-13T20:38:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T12:38:15Z", "ms": 103552694547.87605 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-13T06:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-12T22:49:33Z", "ms": 103502972866.80301 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-13T06:49:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-12T22:49:33Z", "ms": 103502972866.80301 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-14T06:48:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T22:48:36Z", "ms": 103589315521.6053 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-14T06:48:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T22:48:36Z", "ms": 103589315521.6053 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:17 on Thu 12 Apr to 20:38 on Fri 13 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-12T13:16:58Z → 1973-04-13T12:38:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:50 on the 13th and 06:49 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 13th and is not on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34355 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Friday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kāmadā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Friday 13 April. Ekādaśī runs from 21:17 on Thu 12 Apr to 20:38 on Fri 13 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-04-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ananga-trayodashi", "festival": "ananga-trayodashi", "name": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24444, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-14T20:21:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T12:21:05Z", "ms": 103638065426.0205 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-15T20:26:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T12:26:22Z", "ms": 103724781876.75624 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-14T20:21:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T12:21:05Z", "ms": 103638065426.0205 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-15T20:26:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T12:26:22Z", "ms": 103724781876.75624 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-14T12:45:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T04:45:41Z", "ms": 103610741444.32062 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-14T13:33:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T05:33:41Z", "ms": 103613621444.32062 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-15T12:45:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T04:45:26Z", "ms": 103697126466.57846 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-15T13:33:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T05:33:26Z", "ms": 103700006466.57846 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:21 on Sat 14 Apr to 20:26 on Sun 15 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-14T12:21:05Z → 1973-04-15T12:26:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:46–13:34 on the 14th, 12:45–13:33 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 24444 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 15 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananga-trayodashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 13 Ananga trayodasi (purvaviddha), Mahavira jayanti (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Anaṅga Trayodaśī 1973 falls on Sunday 15 April. Trayodaśī runs from 20:21 on Sat 14 Apr to 20:26 on Sun 15 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ananga-trayodashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-04-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-15", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2096, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-14T20:21:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T12:21:05Z", "ms": 103638065426.0205 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-15T20:26:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T12:26:22Z", "ms": 103724781876.75624 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-14T20:21:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T12:21:05Z", "ms": 103638065426.0205 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-15T20:26:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T12:26:22Z", "ms": 103724781876.75624 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-14T19:30:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T11:30:47Z", "ms": 103635047367.03593 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-14T21:01:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T13:01:02Z", "ms": 103640462209.58284 } }, "covered_min": 40, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-15T19:31:14+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T11:31:14Z", "ms": 103721474247.01918 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-15T21:01:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T13:01:18Z", "ms": 103726877999.06236 } }, "covered_min": 55, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:21 on Sat 14 Apr to 20:26 on Sun 15 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-14T12:21:05Z → 1973-04-15T12:26:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:31–21:01 on the 14th, 19:31–21:01 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 40 of 90 minutes on the 14th and 55 of 90 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 2096 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 15 April.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-15", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-14", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Sunday 15 April. Trayodaśī runs from 20:21 on Sat 14 Apr to 20:26 on Sun 15 Apr and covers 55 of 90 minutes of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 40 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-04-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "festival": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "name": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24775, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-15T20:26:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T12:26:22Z", "ms": 103724781876.75624 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-16T20:55:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-16T12:55:35Z", "ms": 103812934854.57181 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-15T20:26:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T12:26:22Z", "ms": 103724781876.75624 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-16T20:55:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-16T12:55:35Z", "ms": 103812934854.57181 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-15T12:45:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T04:45:26Z", "ms": 103697126466.57846 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-15T13:33:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T05:33:26Z", "ms": 103700006466.57846 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-16T12:45:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-16T04:45:12Z", "ms": 103783511827.23901 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-16T13:33:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-16T05:33:12Z", "ms": 103786391827.23901 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 20:26 on Sun 15 Apr to 20:56 on Mon 16 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-15T12:26:22Z → 1973-04-16T12:55:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:45–13:33 on the 15th, 12:45–13:33 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24775 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī, Kunming, 1973: Monday 16 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Madanabhanji, (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Sivadamanaka caturdasi, Visnudamanaka caturdasi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī 1973 falls on Monday 16 April. Caturdaśī runs from 20:26 on Sun 15 Apr to 20:56 on Mon 16 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/chaitri-purnima", "festival": "chaitri-purnima", "name": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26543, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-04-16T20:55:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-16T12:55:35Z", "ms": 103812934854.57181 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-17T21:50:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-17T13:50:30Z", "ms": 103902629609.65218 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-16T20:55:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-16T12:55:35Z", "ms": 103812934854.57181 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-17T21:50:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-17T13:50:30Z", "ms": 103902629609.65218 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-16T12:45:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-16T04:45:12Z", "ms": 103783511827.23901 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-16T13:33:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-16T05:33:12Z", "ms": 103786391827.23901 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-17T12:44:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-17T04:44:58Z", "ms": 103869897544.80823 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-17T13:32:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-17T05:32:58Z", "ms": 103872777544.80823 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:56 on Mon 16 Apr to 21:50 on Tue 17 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-16T12:55:35Z → 1973-04-17T13:50:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:45–13:33 on the 16th, 12:45–13:33 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26543 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 17 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chaitri-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Caitri purnima (paraviddha), Hanumat jayanti, Oli ending (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Caitrī Pūrṇimā 1973 falls on Tuesday 17 April. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:56 on Mon 16 Apr to 21:50 on Tue 17 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/chaitri-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-04-21", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18161, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-21T03:13:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-20T19:13:13Z", "ms": 104181192504.24287 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-22T05:43:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-21T21:43:06Z", "ms": 104276586095.54506 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-21T03:13:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-20T19:13:13Z", "ms": 104181192504.24287 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-22T05:43:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-21T21:43:06Z", "ms": 104276586095.54506 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-20T22:10:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-20T14:10:31Z", "ms": 104163031055.11229 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-20T22:10:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-20T14:10:31Z", "ms": 104163031055.11229 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-21T23:02:25+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-21T15:02:25Z", "ms": 104252545320.8049 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-21T23:02:25+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-21T15:02:25Z", "ms": 104252545320.8049 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:13 on Sat 21 Apr to 05:43 on Sun 22 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-20T19:13:13Z → 1973-04-21T21:43:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:11 on the 20th and 23:02 on the 21st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 20th and is on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18161 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 21 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Saturday 21 April. Caturthī runs from 03:13 on Sat 21 Apr to 05:43 on Sun 22 Apr and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-04-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-04-29", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29843, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-28T15:40:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-28T07:40:36Z", "ms": 104830836313.54678 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-29T14:52:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-29T06:52:54Z", "ms": 104914374189.09613 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-28T15:40:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-28T07:40:36Z", "ms": 104830836313.54678 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-29T14:52:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-29T06:52:54Z", "ms": 104914374189.09613 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-28T06:36:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-27T22:36:18Z", "ms": 104798178291.5935 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-28T06:36:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-27T22:36:18Z", "ms": 104798178291.5935 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-29T06:35:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-28T22:35:31Z", "ms": 104884531335.75229 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-29T06:35:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-28T22:35:31Z", "ms": 104884531335.75229 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:41 on Sat 28 Apr to 14:53 on Sun 29 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-28T07:40:36Z → 1973-04-29T06:52:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:36 on the 28th and 06:36 on the 29th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 28th and is on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29843 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 29 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Varūthinī Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Sunday 29 April. Ekādaśī runs from 15:41 on Sat 28 Apr to 14:53 on Sun 29 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-04-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-04-30", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22883, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-30T13:16:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-30T05:16:56Z", "ms": 104995015508.89505 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-01T10:59:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-01T02:59:13Z", "ms": 105073153237.82611 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-30T13:16:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-30T05:16:56Z", "ms": 104995015508.89505 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-01T10:59:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-01T02:59:13Z", "ms": 105073153237.82611 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-30T19:38:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-30T11:38:18Z", "ms": 105017898063.60374 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-30T21:05:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-30T13:05:44Z", "ms": 105023143667.73907 } }, "covered_min": 87, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-01T19:38:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-01T11:38:48Z", "ms": 105104327798.09961 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-01T21:06:04+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-01T13:06:04Z", "ms": 105109563537.75716 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:17 on Mon 30 Apr to 10:59 on Tue 1 May.", "fact": "1973-04-30T05:16:56Z → 1973-05-01T02:59:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:38–21:06 on the 30th, 19:39–21:06 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 87 of 87 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 87 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22883 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Monday 30 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Monday 30 April. Trayodaśī runs from 13:17 on Mon 30 Apr to 10:59 on Tue 1 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-04-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-05-01", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23911, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-01T10:59:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-01T02:59:13Z", "ms": 105073153237.82611 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-02T08:08:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-02T00:08:33Z", "ms": 105149312966.37648 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-01T10:59:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-01T02:59:13Z", "ms": 105073153237.82611 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-02T08:08:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-02T00:08:33Z", "ms": 105149312966.37648 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-01T00:42:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-30T16:42:09Z", "ms": 105036129079.11124 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-01T01:30:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-04-30T17:30:09Z", "ms": 105039009079.11124 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-02T00:42:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-01T16:42:02Z", "ms": 105122521821.8154 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-02T01:30:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-01T17:30:02Z", "ms": 105125401821.8154 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 10:59 on Tue 1 May to 08:09 on Wed 2 May.", "fact": "1973-05-01T02:59:13Z → 1973-05-02T00:08:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:42–01:30 on the 30th, 00:42–01:30 on the 1st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23911 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 1 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Tuesday 1 May. Caturdaśī runs from 10:59 on Tue 1 May to 08:09 on Wed 2 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-05-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/parashurama-jayanti", "festival": "parashurama-jayanti", "name": "Paraśurāma Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-04", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 3161, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-05-04T21:59:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-04T13:59:46Z", "ms": 105371985506.55093 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-05T18:37:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T10:37:58Z", "ms": 105446278088.56964 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-04T21:59:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-04T13:59:46Z", "ms": 105371985506.55093 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-05T18:37:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T10:37:58Z", "ms": 105446278088.56964 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-04T19:40:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-04T11:40:18Z", "ms": 105363617925.5265 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-04T21:07:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-04T13:07:05Z", "ms": 105368824705.2141 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-05T19:40:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T11:40:48Z", "ms": 105450048232.05275 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-05T21:07:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T13:07:26Z", "ms": 105455245581.6732 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 22:00 on Fri 4 May to 18:38 on Sat 5 May.", "fact": "1973-05-04T13:59:46Z → 1973-05-05T10:37:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:40–21:07 on the 4th, 19:41–21:07 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 87 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 87 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither evening qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 3161 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Jayantī, Kunming, 1973: Friday 4 May.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-04", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-04", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Paraśurāma Jayantī 1973 falls on Friday 4 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 22:00 on Fri 4 May to 18:38 on Sat 5 May, and reaches pradoṣa on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/parashurama-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/akshaya-tritiya", "festival": "akshaya-tritiya", "name": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27816, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-05-04T21:59:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-04T13:59:46Z", "ms": 105371985506.55093 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-05T18:37:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T10:37:58Z", "ms": 105446278088.56964 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-04T21:59:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-04T13:59:46Z", "ms": 105371985506.55093 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-05T18:37:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T10:37:58Z", "ms": 105446278088.56964 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-04T06:31:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-03T22:31:50Z", "ms": 105316310170.57347 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-04T10:54:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-04T02:54:39Z", "ms": 105332079422.22449 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 263, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-05T06:31:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-04T22:31:09Z", "ms": 105402668773.1834 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-05T10:54:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T02:54:22Z", "ms": 105418461926.13985 } }, "covered_min": 263, "window_min": 263, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 22:00 on Fri 4 May to 18:38 on Sat 5 May.", "fact": "1973-05-04T13:59:46Z → 1973-05-05T10:37:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:32–10:55 on the 4th, 06:31–10:54 on the 5th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 263 minutes on the 4th and 263 of 263 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27816 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 5 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Rohiṇī nakṣatra and a Wednesday; neither is tested.", "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Akṣaya Tṛtīyā 1973 falls on Saturday 5 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 22:00 on Fri 4 May to 18:38 on Sat 5 May and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/akshaya-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-05-06", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7303, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-05T18:37:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T10:37:58Z", "ms": 105446278088.56964 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-06T15:31:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-06T07:31:36Z", "ms": 105521496326.25652 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-05T18:37:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T10:37:58Z", "ms": 105446278088.56964 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-06T15:31:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-06T07:31:36Z", "ms": 105521496326.25652 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-05T12:41:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T04:41:59Z", "ms": 105424918502.61807 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-05T13:29:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T05:29:59Z", "ms": 105427798502.61807 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-06T12:41:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-06T04:41:54Z", "ms": 105511313500.26431 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-06T13:29:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-06T05:29:54Z", "ms": 105514193500.26431 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 18:38 on Sat 5 May to 15:32 on Sun 6 May.", "fact": "1973-05-05T10:37:58Z → 1973-05-06T07:31:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:42–13:30 on the 5th, 12:42–13:30 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7303 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 6 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Sunday 6 May. Caturthī runs from 18:38 on Sat 5 May to 15:32 on Sun 6 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-05-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shankara-jayanti", "festival": "shankara-jayanti", "name": "Śaṅkara Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 352, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-06T15:31:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-06T07:31:36Z", "ms": 105521496326.25652 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-07T12:47:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-07T04:47:41Z", "ms": 105598061347.78319 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-06T15:31:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-06T07:31:36Z", "ms": 105521496326.25652 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-07T12:47:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-07T04:47:41Z", "ms": 105598061347.78319 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-06T12:41:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-06T04:41:54Z", "ms": 105511313500.26431 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-06T13:29:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-06T05:29:54Z", "ms": 105514193500.26431 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-07T12:41:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-07T04:41:49Z", "ms": 105597709040.74976 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-07T13:29:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-07T05:29:49Z", "ms": 105600589040.74976 } }, "covered_min": 6, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 15:32 on Sun 6 May to 12:48 on Mon 7 May.", "fact": "1973-05-06T07:31:36Z → 1973-05-07T04:47:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:42–13:30 on the 6th, 12:42–13:30 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 6 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 352 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śaṅkara Jayantī, Kunming, 1973: Monday 7 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shankara-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sankara jayanti." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śaṅkara Jayantī 1973 falls on Monday 7 May. Pañcamī runs from 15:32 on Sun 6 May to 12:48 on Mon 7 May and covers 6 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shankara-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/gangotpatti", "festival": "gangotpatti", "name": "Gaṅgotpatti", "everyday": "Ganga Saptami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7811, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-08T10:31:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-08T02:31:34Z", "ms": 105676293829.1735 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-09T08:46:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-09T00:46:44Z", "ms": 105756404130.15813 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-08T10:31:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-08T02:31:34Z", "ms": 105676293829.1735 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-09T08:46:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-09T00:46:44Z", "ms": 105756404130.15813 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-08T12:41:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-08T04:41:45Z", "ms": 105684105124.48015 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-08T13:29:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-08T05:29:45Z", "ms": 105686985124.48015 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-09T12:41:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-09T04:41:42Z", "ms": 105770501752.5725 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-09T13:29:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-09T05:29:42Z", "ms": 105773381752.5725 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 10:32 on Tue 8 May to 08:47 on Wed 9 May.", "fact": "1973-05-08T02:31:34Z → 1973-05-09T00:46:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:42–13:30 on the 8th, 12:42–13:30 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 7811 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṅgotpatti, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 8 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gangotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 1973 falls on Tuesday 8 May. Saptamī runs from 10:32 on Tue 8 May to 08:47 on Wed 9 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/gangotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-05-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mohinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1331, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-12T06:48:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-11T22:48:58Z", "ms": 106008537987.70258 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-13T07:11:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T23:11:48Z", "ms": 106096308193.34988 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-12T06:48:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-11T22:48:58Z", "ms": 106008537987.70258 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-13T07:11:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T23:11:48Z", "ms": 106096308193.34988 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-12T06:26:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-11T22:26:47Z", "ms": 106007207218.48523 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-12T06:26:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-11T22:26:47Z", "ms": 106007207218.48523 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-05-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-13T06:26:14+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T22:26:14Z", "ms": 106093574073.15079 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-13T06:26:14+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T22:26:14Z", "ms": 106093574073.15079 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:49 on Sat 12 May to 07:12 on Sun 13 May.", "fact": "1973-05-11T22:48:58Z → 1973-05-12T23:11:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:27 on the 12th and 06:26 on the 13th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 12th and is on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1331 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mohinī Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 13 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Mohinī Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Sunday 13 May. Ekādaśī runs from 06:49 on Sat 12 May to 07:12 on Sun 13 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-05-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/parashurama-dvadashi", "festival": "parashurama-dvadashi", "name": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16753, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-13T07:11:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T23:11:48Z", "ms": 106096308193.34988 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-14T08:02:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T00:02:20Z", "ms": 106185740072.51921 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-13T07:11:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T23:11:48Z", "ms": 106096308193.34988 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-14T08:02:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T00:02:20Z", "ms": 106185740072.51921 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-13T12:41:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-13T04:41:34Z", "ms": 106116093745.97266 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-13T13:29:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-13T05:29:34Z", "ms": 106118973745.97266 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-14T12:41:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T04:41:33Z", "ms": 106202493124.48141 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-14T13:29:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T05:29:33Z", "ms": 106205373124.48141 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 07:12 on Sun 13 May to 08:02 on Mon 14 May.", "fact": "1973-05-12T23:11:48Z → 1973-05-14T00:02:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:42–13:30 on the 13th, 12:42–13:30 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 16753 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 13 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Paraśurāma Dvādaśī 1973 falls on Sunday 13 May. Dvādaśī runs from 07:12 on Sun 13 May to 08:02 on Mon 14 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/parashurama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/rukmini-dvadashi", "festival": "rukmini-dvadashi", "name": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16753, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-13T07:11:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T23:11:48Z", "ms": 106096308193.34988 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-14T08:02:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T00:02:20Z", "ms": 106185740072.51921 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-13T07:11:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T23:11:48Z", "ms": 106096308193.34988 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-14T08:02:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T00:02:20Z", "ms": 106185740072.51921 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-13T12:41:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-13T04:41:34Z", "ms": 106116093745.97266 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-13T13:29:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-13T05:29:34Z", "ms": 106118973745.97266 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-14T12:41:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T04:41:33Z", "ms": 106202493124.48141 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-14T13:29:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T05:29:33Z", "ms": 106205373124.48141 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 07:12 on Sun 13 May to 08:02 on Mon 14 May.", "fact": "1973-05-12T23:11:48Z → 1973-05-14T00:02:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:42–13:30 on the 13th, 12:42–13:30 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 16753 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 13 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rukmini-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī 1973 falls on Sunday 13 May. Dvādaśī runs from 07:12 on Sun 13 May to 08:02 on Mon 14 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/rukmini-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-05-14", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37652, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-14T08:02:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T00:02:20Z", "ms": 106185740072.51921 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-15T09:18:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-15T01:18:23Z", "ms": 106276703048.79715 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-14T08:02:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T00:02:20Z", "ms": 106185740072.51921 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-15T09:18:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-15T01:18:23Z", "ms": 106276703048.79715 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-14T19:45:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T11:45:24Z", "ms": 106227924218.19684 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-14T21:10:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T13:10:42Z", "ms": 106233042470.02493 } }, "covered_min": 85, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-15T19:45:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-15T11:45:55Z", "ms": 106314355009.33572 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-15T21:11:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-15T13:11:05Z", "ms": 106319465183.65298 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:02 on Mon 14 May to 09:18 on Tue 15 May.", "fact": "1973-05-14T00:02:20Z → 1973-05-15T01:18:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:45–21:11 on the 14th, 19:46–21:11 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 85 of 85 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 85 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37652 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Monday 14 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Monday 14 May. Trayodaśī runs from 08:02 on Mon 14 May to 09:18 on Tue 15 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-05-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "festival": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "name": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Narasimha Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31719, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-15T09:18:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-15T01:18:23Z", "ms": 106276703048.79715 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-16T10:57:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T02:57:47Z", "ms": 106369066839.35852 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-15T09:18:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-15T01:18:23Z", "ms": 106276703048.79715 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-16T10:57:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T02:57:47Z", "ms": 106369066839.35852 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-15T19:45:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-15T11:45:55Z", "ms": 106314355009.33572 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-15T21:11:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-15T13:11:05Z", "ms": 106319465183.65298 } }, "covered_min": 85, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-16T19:46:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T11:46:26Z", "ms": 106400785778.36894 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-16T21:11:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T13:11:28Z", "ms": 106405888031.22745 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 09:18 on Tue 15 May to 10:58 on Wed 16 May.", "fact": "1973-05-15T01:18:23Z → 1973-05-16T02:57:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:46–21:11 on the 15th, 19:46–21:11 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 85 of 85 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 85 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31719 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 15 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Nrsimha caturdasi (pradosa vyapini — if it occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed, special when combined with naksatra 'Svati', yoga 'Siddhi' and 'Saturday')." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Svātī nakṣatra, Siddhi yoga and a Saturday; none is tested.", "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī (Narasimha Jayanti) 1973 falls on Tuesday 15 May. Caturdaśī runs from 09:18 on Tue 15 May to 10:58 on Wed 16 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/buddha-purnima", "festival": "buddha-purnima", "name": "Buddha Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-16", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 988, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-05-16T10:57:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T02:57:47Z", "ms": 106369066839.35852 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-17T12:58:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-17T04:58:02Z", "ms": 106462682127.86908 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-16T10:57:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T02:57:47Z", "ms": 106369066839.35852 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-17T12:58:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-17T04:58:02Z", "ms": 106462682127.86908 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-16T12:41:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T04:41:34Z", "ms": 106375293547.54207 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-16T13:29:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T05:29:34Z", "ms": 106378173547.54207 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-17T12:41:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-17T04:41:35Z", "ms": 106461694592.6947 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-17T13:29:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-17T05:29:35Z", "ms": 106464574592.6947 } }, "covered_min": 16, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 10:58 on Wed 16 May to 12:58 on Thu 17 May.", "fact": "1973-05-16T02:57:47Z → 1973-05-17T04:58:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:42–13:30 on the 16th, 12:42–13:30 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 16 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 988 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Buddha Pūrṇimā, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 16 May.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "buddha-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-16", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-16", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Buddha Pūrṇimā 1973 falls on Wednesday 16 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 10:58 on Wed 16 May to 12:58 on Thu 17 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 16 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/buddha-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/sampat-gauri-vrata", "festival": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "name": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 988, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-05-16T10:57:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T02:57:47Z", "ms": 106369066839.35852 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-17T12:58:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-17T04:58:02Z", "ms": 106462682127.86908 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-16T10:57:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T02:57:47Z", "ms": 106369066839.35852 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-17T12:58:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-17T04:58:02Z", "ms": 106462682127.86908 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-16T12:41:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T04:41:34Z", "ms": 106375293547.54207 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-16T13:29:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T05:29:34Z", "ms": 106378173547.54207 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-17T12:41:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-17T04:41:35Z", "ms": 106461694592.6947 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-17T13:29:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-17T05:29:35Z", "ms": 106464574592.6947 } }, "covered_min": 16, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 10:58 on Wed 16 May to 12:58 on Thu 17 May.", "fact": "1973-05-16T02:57:47Z → 1973-05-17T04:58:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:42–13:30 on the 16th, 12:42–13:30 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 16 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 988 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 17 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Sampat Gaurī Vrata 1973 falls on Thursday 17 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 10:58 on Wed 16 May to 12:58 on Thu 17 May and covers 16 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/sampat-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-05-20", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1323, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-20T20:21:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-20T12:21:57Z", "ms": 106748516631.90887 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-21T22:54:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-21T14:54:11Z", "ms": 106844050935.01613 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-20T20:21:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-20T12:21:57Z", "ms": 106748516631.90887 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-21T22:54:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-21T14:54:11Z", "ms": 106844050935.01613 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-20T22:33:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-20T14:33:18Z", "ms": 106756397548.20987 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-20T22:33:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-20T14:33:18Z", "ms": 106756397548.20987 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-21T23:16:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-21T15:16:13Z", "ms": 106845373498.48552 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-21T23:16:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-21T15:16:13Z", "ms": 106845373498.48552 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:22 on Sun 20 May to 22:54 on Mon 21 May.", "fact": "1973-05-20T12:21:57Z → 1973-05-21T14:54:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:33 on the 20th and 23:16 on the 21st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1323 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 20 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Sunday 20 May. Caturthī runs from 20:22 on Sun 20 May to 22:54 on Mon 21 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-05-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-05-28", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Aparā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10655, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-28T03:22:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-27T19:22:42Z", "ms": 107378561725.87242 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-29T01:28:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-28T17:28:21Z", "ms": 107458101018.28688 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-28T03:22:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-27T19:22:42Z", "ms": 107378561725.87242 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-29T01:28:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-28T17:28:21Z", "ms": 107458101018.28688 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-28T06:20:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-27T22:20:17Z", "ms": 107389216797.67513 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-28T06:20:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-27T22:20:17Z", "ms": 107389216797.67513 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-29T06:20:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-28T22:20:03Z", "ms": 107475602763.14983 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-29T06:20:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-28T22:20:03Z", "ms": 107475602763.14983 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 03:23 on Mon 28 May to 01:28 on Tue 29 May.", "fact": "1973-05-27T19:22:42Z → 1973-05-28T17:28:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:20 on the 28th and 06:20 on the 29th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 28th and is not on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 10655 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aparā Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Monday 28 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Aparā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Monday 28 May. Ekādaśī runs from 03:23 on Mon 28 May to 01:28 on Tue 29 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-05-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-05-29", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-29", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 399, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-29T22:53:40+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-29T14:53:40Z", "ms": 107535220270.2291 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-30T19:46:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-30T11:46:45Z", "ms": 107610405057.95018 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-29T22:53:40+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-29T14:53:40Z", "ms": 107535220270.2291 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-30T19:46:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-30T11:46:45Z", "ms": 107610405057.95018 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-29T19:52:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-29T11:52:56Z", "ms": 107524375633.9474 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-29T21:16:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-29T13:16:31Z", "ms": 107529390879.47531 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-05-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-30T19:53:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-30T11:53:24Z", "ms": 107610804059.51138 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-30T21:16:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-30T13:16:54Z", "ms": 107615813975.51892 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:54 on Tue 29 May to 19:47 on Wed 30 May.", "fact": "1973-05-29T14:53:40Z → 1973-05-30T11:46:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:53–21:17 on the 29th, 19:53–21:17 on the 30th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 84 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 83 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither evening qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 399 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 29 May.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-29", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-29", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Tuesday 29 May. Trayodaśī runs from 22:54 on Tue 29 May to 19:47 on Wed 30 May, and reaches pradoṣa on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-05-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-05-30", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17746, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-30T19:46:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-30T11:46:45Z", "ms": 107610405057.95018 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-31T16:16:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-31T08:16:57Z", "ms": 107684216848.93626 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-30T19:46:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-30T11:46:45Z", "ms": 107610405057.95018 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-31T16:16:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-31T08:16:57Z", "ms": 107684216848.93626 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-31T00:42:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-30T16:42:31Z", "ms": 107628151244.53967 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-31T01:30:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-30T17:30:31Z", "ms": 107631031244.53967 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-01T00:42:40+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-31T16:42:40Z", "ms": 107714560121.10025 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-01T01:30:40+08:00", "utc": "1973-05-31T17:30:40Z", "ms": 107717440121.10025 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:47 on Wed 30 May to 16:17 on Thu 31 May.", "fact": "1973-05-30T11:46:45Z → 1973-05-31T08:16:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:43–01:31 on the 30th, 00:43–01:31 on the 31st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17746 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 30 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Wednesday 30 May. Caturdaśī runs from 19:47 on Wed 30 May to 16:17 on Thu 31 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-05-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/rambha-tritiya", "festival": "rambha-tritiya", "name": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27175, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-06-03T05:10:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-02T21:10:18Z", "ms": 107903417967.25645 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-04T01:48:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-03T17:48:12Z", "ms": 107977691670.19989 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-03T05:10:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-02T21:10:18Z", "ms": 107903417967.25645 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-04T01:48:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-03T17:48:12Z", "ms": 107977691670.19989 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-03T12:43:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-03T04:43:12Z", "ms": 107930592483.12473 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-03T13:31:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-03T05:31:12Z", "ms": 107933472483.12473 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-06-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-04T12:43:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-04T04:43:22Z", "ms": 108017002285.75003 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-04T13:31:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-04T05:31:22Z", "ms": 108019882285.75003 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 05:10 on Sun 3 Jun to 01:48 on Mon 4 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-02T21:10:18Z → 1973-06-03T17:48:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:43–13:31 on the 3rd, 12:43–13:31 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 27175 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 3 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rambha-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Rambha trtiya (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Rambhā Tṛtīyā 1973 falls on Sunday 3 June. Tṛtīyā runs from 05:10 on Sun 3 Jun to 01:48 on Mon 4 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/rambha-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-06-04", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33565, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-04T01:48:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-03T17:48:12Z", "ms": 107977691670.19989 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-04T22:50:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-04T14:50:47Z", "ms": 108053446929.99178 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-04T01:48:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-03T17:48:12Z", "ms": 107977691670.19989 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-04T22:50:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-04T14:50:47Z", "ms": 108053446929.99178 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-03T12:43:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-03T04:43:12Z", "ms": 107930592483.12473 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-03T13:31:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-03T05:31:12Z", "ms": 107933472483.12473 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-06-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-04T12:43:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-04T04:43:22Z", "ms": 108017002285.75003 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-04T13:31:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-04T05:31:22Z", "ms": 108019882285.75003 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:48 on Mon 4 Jun to 22:51 on Mon 4 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-03T17:48:12Z → 1973-06-04T14:50:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:43–13:31 on the 3rd, 12:43–13:31 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33565 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Monday 4 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Monday 4 June. Caturthī runs from 01:48 on Mon 4 Jun to 22:51 on Mon 4 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-06-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/aranya-gauri-vrata", "festival": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "name": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18301, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-05T20:25:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-05T12:25:09Z", "ms": 108131108992.79863 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-06T18:36:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-06T10:36:44Z", "ms": 108211004067.55246 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-05T20:25:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-05T12:25:09Z", "ms": 108131108992.79863 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-06T18:36:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-06T10:36:44Z", "ms": 108211004067.55246 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-05T12:43:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-05T04:43:32Z", "ms": 108103412417.64612 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-05T13:31:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-05T05:31:32Z", "ms": 108106292417.64612 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-06T12:43:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-06T04:43:43Z", "ms": 108189822857.38608 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-06T13:31:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-06T05:31:43Z", "ms": 108192702857.38608 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:25 on Tue 5 Jun to 18:37 on Wed 6 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-05T12:25:09Z → 1973-06-06T10:36:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:44–13:32 on the 5th, 12:44–13:32 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18301 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 6 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Araṇya Gaurī Vrata 1973 falls on Wednesday 6 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:25 on Tue 5 Jun to 18:37 on Wed 6 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/aranya-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "festival": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18301, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-05T20:25:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-05T12:25:09Z", "ms": 108131108992.79863 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-06T18:36:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-06T10:36:44Z", "ms": 108211004067.55246 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-05T20:25:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-05T12:25:09Z", "ms": 108131108992.79863 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-06T18:36:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-06T10:36:44Z", "ms": 108211004067.55246 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-05T12:43:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-05T04:43:32Z", "ms": 108103412417.64612 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-05T13:31:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-05T05:31:32Z", "ms": 108106292417.64612 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-06T12:43:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-06T04:43:43Z", "ms": 108189822857.38608 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-06T13:31:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-06T05:31:43Z", "ms": 108192702857.38608 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:25 on Tue 5 Jun to 18:37 on Wed 6 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-05T12:25:09Z → 1973-06-06T10:36:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:44–13:32 on the 5th, 12:44–13:32 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 18301 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha), Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 6 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha) 1973 falls on Wednesday 6 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:25 on Tue 5 Jun to 18:37 on Wed 6 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-06-11", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38660, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-10T18:09:52+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-10T10:09:52Z", "ms": 108554992177.50328 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-11T19:34:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-11T11:34:33Z", "ms": 108646472999.15167 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-10T18:09:52+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-10T10:09:52Z", "ms": 108554992177.50328 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-11T19:34:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-11T11:34:33Z", "ms": 108646472999.15167 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-11T06:18:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-10T22:18:51Z", "ms": 108598730574.15746 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-11T06:18:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-10T22:18:51Z", "ms": 108598730574.15746 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-06-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-12T06:18:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-11T22:18:53Z", "ms": 108685133135.70056 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-12T06:18:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-11T22:18:53Z", "ms": 108685133135.70056 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:10 on Sun 10 Jun to 19:35 on Mon 11 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-10T10:09:52Z → 1973-06-11T11:34:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:19 on the 11th and 06:19 on the 12th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 11th and is not on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 38660 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Monday 11 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Nirjalā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Monday 11 June. Ekādaśī runs from 18:10 on Sun 10 Jun to 19:35 on Mon 11 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-06-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shri-rama-dvadashi", "festival": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "name": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21714, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-11T19:34:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-11T11:34:33Z", "ms": 108646472999.15167 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-12T21:25:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-12T13:25:50Z", "ms": 108739549693.4196 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-11T19:34:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-11T11:34:33Z", "ms": 108646472999.15167 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-12T21:25:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-12T13:25:50Z", "ms": 108739549693.4196 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-11T12:44:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-11T04:44:39Z", "ms": 108621878976.91194 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-11T13:32:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-11T05:32:39Z", "ms": 108624758976.91194 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-06-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-12T12:44:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-12T04:44:51Z", "ms": 108708290851.00311 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-12T13:32:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-12T05:32:51Z", "ms": 108711170851.00311 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 19:35 on Mon 11 Jun to 21:26 on Tue 12 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-11T11:34:33Z → 1973-06-12T13:25:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:45–13:33 on the 11th, 12:45–13:33 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 21714 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 12 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Sri Rama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Campaka dvadasi (Orissa) (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī 1973 falls on Tuesday 12 June. Dvādaśī runs from 19:35 on Mon 11 Jun to 21:26 on Tue 12 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shri-rama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-06-13", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-13", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 260, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-12T21:25:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-12T13:25:50Z", "ms": 108739549693.4196 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-13T23:37:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-13T15:37:17Z", "ms": 108833836655.7782 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-12T21:25:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-12T13:25:50Z", "ms": 108739549693.4196 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-13T23:37:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-13T15:37:17Z", "ms": 108833836655.7782 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-12T19:58:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-12T11:58:49Z", "ms": 108734328566.30568 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-12T21:21:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-12T13:21:30Z", "ms": 108739289663.97308 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-06-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-13T19:59:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-13T11:59:09Z", "ms": 108820748996.45416 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-13T21:21:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-13T13:21:48Z", "ms": 108825708003.58408 } }, "covered_min": 83, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 21:26 on Tue 12 Jun to 23:37 on Wed 13 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-12T13:25:50Z → 1973-06-13T15:37:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:59–21:21 on the 12th, 19:59–21:22 on the 13th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 83 minutes on the 12th and 83 of 83 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 260 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 13 June.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-13", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Wednesday 13 June. Trayodaśī runs from 21:26 on Tue 12 Jun to 23:37 on Wed 13 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It is 4 min 20 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-06-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vata-savitri-vrata", "festival": "vata-savitri-vrata", "name": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16816, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-06-15T02:02:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-14T18:02:22Z", "ms": 108928941754.8811 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-16T04:34:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-15T20:34:34Z", "ms": 109024473704.14868 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-15T02:02:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-14T18:02:22Z", "ms": 108928941754.8811 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-16T04:34:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-15T20:34:34Z", "ms": 109024473704.14868 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-14T19:59:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-14T11:59:29Z", "ms": 108907168645.35757 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-14T21:22:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-14T13:22:06Z", "ms": 108912125809.3545 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-06-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-15T19:59:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-15T11:59:47Z", "ms": 108993587488.65152 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-15T21:22:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-15T13:22:23Z", "ms": 108998543058.17824 } }, "covered_min": 83, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 02:02 on Fri 15 Jun to 04:35 on Sat 16 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-14T18:02:22Z → 1973-06-15T20:34:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:59–21:22 on the 14th, 20:00–21:22 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 83 minutes on the 14th and 83 of 83 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 16816 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Friday 15 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vata-savitri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Vata-savitri vrata (Deccan) (pradosavyapini, purvaviddha), Snanayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata 1973 falls on Friday 15 June. Pūrṇimā runs from 02:02 on Fri 15 Jun to 04:35 on Sat 16 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vata-savitri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-06-19", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34187, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-19T11:46:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-19T03:46:21Z", "ms": 109309581400.06432 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-20T13:37:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-20T05:37:58Z", "ms": 109402677805.14146 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-19T11:46:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-19T03:46:21Z", "ms": 109309581400.06432 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-20T13:37:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-20T05:37:58Z", "ms": 109402677805.14146 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-19T22:32:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-19T14:32:51Z", "ms": 109348370567.12701 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-19T22:32:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-19T14:32:51Z", "ms": 109348370567.12701 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-06-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-20T23:07:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-20T15:07:45Z", "ms": 109436864737.06433 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-20T23:07:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-20T15:07:45Z", "ms": 109436864737.06433 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:46 on Tue 19 Jun to 13:38 on Wed 20 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-19T03:46:21Z → 1973-06-20T05:37:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:33 on the 19th and 23:08 on the 20th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 19th and is not on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34187 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 19 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Tuesday 19 June. Caturthī runs from 11:46 on Tue 19 Jun to 13:38 on Wed 20 Jun and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-06-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-06-27", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Yoginī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11398, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-26T12:06:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-26T04:06:09Z", "ms": 109915569425.532 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-27T09:31:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-27T01:31:33Z", "ms": 109992693067.8945 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-26T12:06:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-26T04:06:09Z", "ms": 109915569425.532 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-27T09:31:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-27T01:31:33Z", "ms": 109992693067.8945 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-26T06:21:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-25T22:21:18Z", "ms": 109894877535.56795 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-26T06:21:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-25T22:21:18Z", "ms": 109894877535.56795 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-06-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-27T06:21:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-26T22:21:35Z", "ms": 109981294847.55484 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-27T06:21:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-26T22:21:35Z", "ms": 109981294847.55484 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:06 on Tue 26 Jun to 09:32 on Wed 27 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-26T04:06:09Z → 1973-06-27T01:31:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:21 on the 26th and 06:22 on the 27th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 26th and is on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11398 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yoginī Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 27 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Yoginī Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Wednesday 27 June. Ekādaśī runs from 12:06 on Tue 26 Jun to 09:32 on Wed 27 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-06-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-06-28", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20162, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-28T06:27:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-27T22:27:17Z", "ms": 110068036541.91872 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-29T03:01:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-28T19:01:08Z", "ms": 110142068093.29576 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-28T06:27:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-27T22:27:17Z", "ms": 110068036541.91872 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-29T03:01:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-28T19:01:08Z", "ms": 110142068093.29576 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-27T20:02:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-27T12:02:22Z", "ms": 110030542394.2807 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-27T21:24:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-27T13:24:58Z", "ms": 110035498470.20216 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-06-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-28T20:02:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-28T12:02:29Z", "ms": 110116948706.34673 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-28T21:25:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-28T13:25:06Z", "ms": 110121906459.107 } }, "covered_min": 83, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 06:27 on Thu 28 Jun to 03:01 on Fri 29 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-27T22:27:17Z → 1973-06-28T19:01:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:02–21:25 on the 27th, 20:02–21:25 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 83 minutes on the 27th and 83 of 83 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20162 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 28 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Thursday 28 June. Trayodaśī runs from 06:27 on Thu 28 Jun to 03:01 on Fri 29 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-06-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-06-28", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-28", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 5088, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-29T03:01:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-28T19:01:08Z", "ms": 110142068093.29576 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-29T23:21:52+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-29T15:21:52Z", "ms": 110215311568.60455 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-29T03:01:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-28T19:01:08Z", "ms": 110142068093.29576 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-29T23:21:52+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-29T15:21:52Z", "ms": 110215311568.60455 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-29T00:48:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-28T16:48:20Z", "ms": 110134100279.19772 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-29T01:36:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-28T17:36:20Z", "ms": 110136980279.19772 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-06-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-30T00:48:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-29T16:48:33Z", "ms": 110220512691.38483 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-30T01:36:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-06-29T17:36:33Z", "ms": 110223392691.38483 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 03:01 on Fri 29 Jun to 23:22 on Fri 29 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-28T19:01:08Z → 1973-06-29T15:21:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:48–01:36 on the 28th, 00:49–01:37 on the 29th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither night qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 5088 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 28 June.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-28", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-28", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Thursday 28 June. Caturdaśī runs from 03:01 on Fri 29 Jun to 23:22 on Fri 29 Jun, and reaches niśītha on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-06-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/rathayatra", "festival": "rathayatra", "name": "Rathayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 593, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-07-01T16:01:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-01T08:01:19Z", "ms": 110361678775.29245 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-02T12:39:04+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-02T04:39:04Z", "ms": 110435944394.66167 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-01T16:01:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-01T08:01:19Z", "ms": 110361678775.29245 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-02T12:39:04+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-02T04:39:04Z", "ms": 110435944394.66167 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-01T12:48:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-01T04:48:46Z", "ms": 110350126338.58856 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-01T13:36:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-01T05:36:46Z", "ms": 110353006338.58856 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-07-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-02T12:48:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-02T04:48:58Z", "ms": 110436537699.73366 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-02T13:36:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-02T05:36:58Z", "ms": 110439417699.73366 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 16:01 on Sun 1 Jul to 12:39 on Mon 2 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-01T08:01:19Z → 1973-07-02T04:39:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:49–13:37 on the 1st, 12:49–13:37 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → second-day · margin 593 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rathayātrā, Kunming, 1973: Monday 2 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rathayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Rathayatra (paraviddha, special when combined with naksatra 'Pusya')" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Puṣya nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Rathayātrā 1973 falls on Monday 2 July. Dvitīyā runs from 16:01 on Sun 1 Jul to 12:39 on Mon 2 Jul, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/rathayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-07-03", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11280, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-03T09:41:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T01:41:08Z", "ms": 110511668307.56541 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-04T07:15:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T23:15:50Z", "ms": 110589350077.64108 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-03T09:41:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T01:41:08Z", "ms": 110511668307.56541 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-04T07:15:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T23:15:50Z", "ms": 110589350077.64108 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-03T12:49:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T04:49:09Z", "ms": 110522948778.80174 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-03T13:37:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T05:37:09Z", "ms": 110525828778.80174 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-07-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-04T12:49:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-04T04:49:20Z", "ms": 110609359550.74133 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-04T13:37:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-04T05:37:20Z", "ms": 110612239550.74133 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:41 on Tue 3 Jul to 07:16 on Wed 4 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-03T01:41:08Z → 1973-07-03T23:15:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:49–13:37 on the 3rd, 12:49–13:37 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11280 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 3 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Tuesday 3 July. Caturthī runs from 09:41 on Tue 3 Jul to 07:16 on Wed 4 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-07-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/skanda-panchami", "festival": "skanda-panchami", "name": "Skanda Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20009, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-04T07:15:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T23:15:50Z", "ms": 110589350077.64108 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-05T05:30:10+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-04T21:30:10Z", "ms": 110669409557.31636 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-04T07:15:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T23:15:50Z", "ms": 110589350077.64108 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-05T05:30:10+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-04T21:30:10Z", "ms": 110669409557.31636 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-04T12:49:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-04T04:49:20Z", "ms": 110609359550.74133 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-04T13:37:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-04T05:37:20Z", "ms": 110612239550.74133 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-07-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-05T12:49:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-05T04:49:30Z", "ms": 110695769992.49596 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-05T13:37:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-05T05:37:30Z", "ms": 110698649992.49596 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 07:16 on Wed 4 Jul to 05:30 on Thu 5 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-03T23:15:50Z → 1973-07-04T21:30:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:49–13:37 on the 4th, 12:49–13:37 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 20009 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Pañcamī, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 4 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Skanda pancami (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Skanda Pañcamī 1973 falls on Wednesday 4 July. Pañcamī runs from 07:16 on Wed 4 Jul to 05:30 on Thu 5 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/skanda-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vivasvat-saptami", "festival": "vivasvat-saptami", "name": "Vivasvat Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30032, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-06T04:29:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-05T20:29:08Z", "ms": 110752148226.3208 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-07T04:15:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-06T20:15:09Z", "ms": 110837708892.30241 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-06T04:29:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-05T20:29:08Z", "ms": 110752148226.3208 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-07T04:15:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-06T20:15:09Z", "ms": 110837708892.30241 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-06T12:49:40+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-06T04:49:40Z", "ms": 110782180082.60611 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-06T13:37:40+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-06T05:37:40Z", "ms": 110785060082.60611 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-07T12:49:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-07T04:49:50Z", "ms": 110868589801.49759 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-07T13:37:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-07T05:37:50Z", "ms": 110871469801.49759 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 04:29 on Fri 6 Jul to 04:15 on Sat 7 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-05T20:29:08Z → 1973-07-06T20:15:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:50–13:38 on the 6th, 12:50–13:38 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 30032 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vivasvat Saptamī, Kunming, 1973: Friday 6 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vivasvat-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Vivasvat saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vivasvat Saptamī 1973 falls on Friday 6 July. Saptamī runs from 04:29 on Fri 6 Jul to 04:15 on Sat 7 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vivasvat-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-07-11", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5065, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-10T07:50:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-09T23:50:46Z", "ms": 111109846276.80049 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-11T10:05:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-11T02:05:13Z", "ms": 111204312862.72699 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-10T07:50:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-09T23:50:46Z", "ms": 111109846276.80049 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-11T10:05:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-11T02:05:13Z", "ms": 111204312862.72699 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-10T06:26:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-09T22:26:21Z", "ms": 111104780911.62463 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-10T06:26:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-09T22:26:21Z", "ms": 111104780911.62463 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-07-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-11T06:26:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-10T22:26:46Z", "ms": 111191206491.73915 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-11T06:26:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-10T22:26:46Z", "ms": 111191206491.73915 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 07:51 on Tue 10 Jul to 10:05 on Wed 11 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-09T23:50:46Z → 1973-07-11T02:05:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:26 on the 10th and 06:27 on the 11th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 10th and is on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5065 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 11 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Hariśayanī Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Wednesday 11 July. Ekādaśī runs from 07:51 on Tue 10 Jul to 10:05 on Wed 11 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-07-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-07-12", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17587, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-12T12:34:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-12T04:34:33Z", "ms": 111299673131.77629 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-13T15:08:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-13T07:08:33Z", "ms": 111395313242.1896 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-12T12:34:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-12T04:34:33Z", "ms": 111299673131.77629 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-13T15:08:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-13T07:08:33Z", "ms": 111395313242.1896 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-12T20:01:52+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-12T12:01:52Z", "ms": 111326512022.86981 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-12T21:25:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-12T13:25:18Z", "ms": 111331518250.46095 } }, "covered_min": 83, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-07-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-13T20:01:40+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-13T12:01:40Z", "ms": 111412900030.90019 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-13T21:25:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-13T13:25:11Z", "ms": 111417911405.12173 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 12:35 on Thu 12 Jul to 15:09 on Fri 13 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-12T04:34:33Z → 1973-07-13T07:08:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:02–21:25 on the 12th, 20:02–21:25 on the 13th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 83 of 83 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 84 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17587 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 12 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Thursday 12 July. Trayodaśī runs from 12:35 on Thu 12 Jul to 15:09 on Fri 13 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-07-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shiva-shayanotsava", "festival": "shiva-shayanotsava", "name": "Śiva Śayanotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 319, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T17:38:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z", "ms": 111490688800.04099 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T19:55:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T11:55:53Z", "ms": 111585352927.12334 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T17:38:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z", "ms": 111490688800.04099 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T19:55:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T11:55:53Z", "ms": 111585352927.12334 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T20:01:27+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T12:01:27Z", "ms": 111499286770.10107 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-14T21:25:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T13:25:03Z", "ms": 111504303499.2758 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-15T20:01:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T12:01:12Z", "ms": 111585672242.50404 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T21:24:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T13:24:55Z", "ms": 111590694531.58466 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:38 on Sat 14 Jul to 19:56 on Sun 15 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z → 1973-07-15T11:55:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:01–21:25 on the 14th, 20:01–21:25 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 84 of 84 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 84 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 319 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śiva Śayanotsava, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 14 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shiva-shayanotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-14", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śiva Śayanotsava 1973 falls on Saturday 14 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:38 on Sat 14 Jul to 19:56 on Sun 15 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shiva-shayanotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vyasa-puja", "festival": "vyasa-puja", "name": "Vyāsa Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30443, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T17:38:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z", "ms": 111490688800.04099 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T19:55:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T11:55:53Z", "ms": 111585352927.12334 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T17:38:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z", "ms": 111490688800.04099 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T19:55:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T11:55:53Z", "ms": 111585352927.12334 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T06:28:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-13T22:28:05Z", "ms": 111450485337.56178 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-14T09:10:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T01:10:46Z", "ms": 111460245624.06964 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 163, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-15T06:28:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T22:28:32Z", "ms": 111536912238.91159 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T09:11:04+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T01:11:04Z", "ms": 111546664239.63008 } }, "covered_min": 163, "window_min": 163, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:38 on Sat 14 Jul to 19:56 on Sun 15 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z → 1973-07-15T11:55:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:28–09:11 on the 14th, 06:29–09:11 on the 15th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 163 minutes on the 14th and 163 of 163 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30443 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vyāsa Pūjā, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 15 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vyasa-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vyāsa Pūjā 1973 falls on Sunday 15 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:38 on Sat 14 Jul to 19:56 on Sun 15 Jul and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vyasa-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/guru-purnima", "festival": "guru-purnima", "name": "Guru Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14363, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T17:38:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z", "ms": 111490688800.04099 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T19:55:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T11:55:53Z", "ms": 111585352927.12334 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T17:38:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z", "ms": 111490688800.04099 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T19:55:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T11:55:53Z", "ms": 111585352927.12334 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T12:50:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T04:50:46Z", "ms": 111473446053.83142 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-14T13:38:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T05:38:46Z", "ms": 111476326053.83142 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-15T12:50:52+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T04:50:52Z", "ms": 111559852240.70782 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T13:38:52+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T05:38:52Z", "ms": 111562732240.70782 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:38 on Sat 14 Jul to 19:56 on Sun 15 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z → 1973-07-15T11:55:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:51–13:39 on the 14th, 12:51–13:39 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14363 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Guru Pūrṇimā, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 15 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "guru-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Guru Pūrṇimā 1973 falls on Sunday 15 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:38 on Sat 14 Jul to 19:56 on Sun 15 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/guru-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/kokila-vrata", "festival": "kokila-vrata", "name": "Kokilā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-15", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 319, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T17:38:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z", "ms": 111490688800.04099 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T19:55:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T11:55:53Z", "ms": 111585352927.12334 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T17:38:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z", "ms": 111490688800.04099 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T19:55:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T11:55:53Z", "ms": 111585352927.12334 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T17:18:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T09:18:46Z", "ms": 111489526483.59322 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-14T20:01:27+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T12:01:27Z", "ms": 111499286770.10107 } }, "covered_min": 143, "window_min": 163, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-15T17:18:40+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T09:18:40Z", "ms": 111575920241.78555 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T20:01:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T12:01:12Z", "ms": 111585672242.50404 } }, "covered_min": 157, "window_min": 163, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:38 on Sat 14 Jul to 19:56 on Sun 15 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z → 1973-07-15T11:55:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 17:19–20:01 on the 14th, 17:19–20:01 on the 15th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 143 of 163 minutes on the 14th and 157 of 163 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both late afternoons qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 319 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kokilā Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 15 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kokila-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-15", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-15", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kokilā Vrata 1973 falls on Sunday 15 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:38 on Sat 14 Jul to 19:56 on Sun 15 Jul and covers 157 of 163 minutes of sāyāhna that late afternoon. It also reaches the previous late afternoon for 143 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/kokila-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4925, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-07-16T21:55:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-16T13:55:58Z", "ms": 111678957649.63304 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-17T23:33:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-17T15:33:58Z", "ms": 111771237644.59752 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-16T21:55:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-16T13:55:58Z", "ms": 111678957649.63304 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-17T23:33:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-17T15:33:58Z", "ms": 111771237644.59752 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-16T20:33:52+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-16T12:33:52Z", "ms": 111674032351.04463 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-16T20:33:52+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-16T12:33:52Z", "ms": 111674032351.04463 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-07-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-17T21:09:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-17T13:09:41Z", "ms": 111762581183.45753 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-17T21:09:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-17T13:09:41Z", "ms": 111762581183.45753 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 21:56 on Mon 16 Jul to 23:34 on Tue 17 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-16T13:55:58Z → 1973-07-17T15:33:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:34 on the 16th and 21:10 on the 17th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 16th and is on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4925 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha), Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 17 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunya sayana vrata (candrodaya vyapini; purvahna vyapini and purvaviddha in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row reads pūrvāhṇa and pūrvaviddha; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha) 1973 falls on Tuesday 17 July. Dvitīyā runs from 21:56 on Mon 16 Jul to 23:34 on Tue 17 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-07-19", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10970, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-19T00:46:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-18T16:46:28Z", "ms": 111861987831.07098 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-20T01:30:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-19T17:30:45Z", "ms": 111951044585.38736 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-19T00:46:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-18T16:46:28Z", "ms": 111861987831.07098 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-20T01:30:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-19T17:30:45Z", "ms": 111951044585.38736 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-18T21:43:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-18T13:43:38Z", "ms": 111851018240.67268 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-18T21:43:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-18T13:43:38Z", "ms": 111851018240.67268 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-19T22:16:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-19T14:16:44Z", "ms": 111939403921.47911 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-19T22:16:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-19T14:16:44Z", "ms": 111939403921.47911 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:46 on Thu 19 Jul to 01:31 on Fri 20 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-18T16:46:28Z → 1973-07-19T17:30:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:44 on the 18th and 22:17 on the 19th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 18th and is on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10970 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 19 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Thursday 19 July. Caturthī runs from 00:46 on Thu 19 Jul to 01:31 on Fri 20 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-07-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-07-26", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34266, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-25T18:52:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-25T10:52:47Z", "ms": 112445566709.43582 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-26T16:04:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-26T08:04:47Z", "ms": 112521887414.31111 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-25T18:52:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-25T10:52:47Z", "ms": 112445566709.43582 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-26T16:04:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-26T08:04:47Z", "ms": 112521887414.31111 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-25T06:33:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-24T22:33:13Z", "ms": 112401192573.77275 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-25T06:33:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-24T22:33:13Z", "ms": 112401192573.77275 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-07-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-26T06:33:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-25T22:33:41Z", "ms": 112487621279.42026 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-26T06:33:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-25T22:33:41Z", "ms": 112487621279.42026 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:53 on Wed 25 Jul to 16:05 on Thu 26 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-25T10:52:47Z → 1973-07-26T08:04:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:33 on the 25th and 06:34 on the 26th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 25th and is on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34266 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 26 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kāmikā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Thursday 26 July. Ekādaśī runs from 18:53 on Wed 25 Jul to 16:05 on Thu 26 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-07-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-07-27", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25115, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-27T12:58:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-27T04:58:06Z", "ms": 112597085619.95845 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-28T09:39:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T01:39:30Z", "ms": 112671570380.63853 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-27T12:58:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-27T04:58:06Z", "ms": 112597085619.95845 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-28T09:39:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T01:39:30Z", "ms": 112671570380.63853 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-27T19:56:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-27T11:56:41Z", "ms": 112622201074.28406 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-27T21:21:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-27T13:21:45Z", "ms": 112627304767.73946 } }, "covered_min": 85, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-07-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-28T19:56:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T11:56:11Z", "ms": 112708570640.10858 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-28T21:21:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T13:21:22Z", "ms": 112713682223.76695 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 12:58 on Fri 27 Jul to 09:40 on Sat 28 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-27T04:58:06Z → 1973-07-28T01:39:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:57–21:22 on the 27th, 19:56–21:21 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 85 of 85 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 85 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25115 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Friday 27 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Friday 27 July. Trayodaśī runs from 12:58 on Fri 27 Jul to 09:40 on Sat 28 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-07-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-07-28", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16633, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-28T09:39:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T01:39:30Z", "ms": 112671570380.63853 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-29T06:16:52+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T22:16:52Z", "ms": 112745811869.20876 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-28T09:39:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T01:39:30Z", "ms": 112671570380.63853 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-29T06:16:52+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T22:16:52Z", "ms": 112745811869.20876 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-28T00:51:40+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-27T16:51:40Z", "ms": 112639899924.74179 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-28T01:39:40+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-27T17:39:40Z", "ms": 112642779924.74179 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-07-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-29T00:51:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T16:51:39Z", "ms": 112726299078.8275 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-29T01:39:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T17:39:39Z", "ms": 112729179078.8275 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 09:40 on Sat 28 Jul to 06:17 on Sun 29 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-28T01:39:30Z → 1973-07-28T22:16:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:52–01:40 on the 27th, 00:52–01:40 on the 28th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16633 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 28 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Saturday 28 July. Caturdaśī runs from 09:40 on Sat 28 Jul to 06:17 on Sun 29 Jul and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-07-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/madhusrava-tritiya", "festival": "madhusrava-tritiya", "name": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Hariyali Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19438, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-07-31T21:12:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-31T13:12:55Z", "ms": 112972374523.06285 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-01T19:03:14+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-01T11:03:14Z", "ms": 113050993669.59105 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-31T21:12:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-31T13:12:55Z", "ms": 112972374523.06285 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-01T19:03:14+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-01T11:03:14Z", "ms": 113050993669.59105 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-31T12:51:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-31T04:51:19Z", "ms": 112942278620.44608 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-31T13:39:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-07-31T05:39:19Z", "ms": 112945158620.44608 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-01T12:51:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-01T04:51:15Z", "ms": 113028675379.44426 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-01T13:39:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-01T05:39:15Z", "ms": 113031555379.44426 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 21:13 on Tue 31 Jul to 19:03 on Wed 1 Aug.", "fact": "1973-07-31T13:12:55Z → 1973-08-01T11:03:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:51–13:39 on the 31st, 12:51–13:39 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19438 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 1 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "madhusrava-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Madhusrava (Gujerat) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Madhusravā Tṛtīyā (Hariyali Teej) 1973 falls on Wednesday 1 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 21:13 on Tue 31 Jul to 19:03 on Wed 1 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/madhusrava-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-08-02", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14039, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-01T19:03:14+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-01T11:03:14Z", "ms": 113050993669.59105 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-02T17:33:10+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-02T09:33:10Z", "ms": 113131990341.63713 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-01T19:03:14+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-01T11:03:14Z", "ms": 113050993669.59105 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-02T17:33:10+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-02T09:33:10Z", "ms": 113131990341.63713 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-01T12:51:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-01T04:51:15Z", "ms": 113028675379.44426 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-01T13:39:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-01T05:39:15Z", "ms": 113031555379.44426 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-02T12:51:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-02T04:51:12Z", "ms": 113115071524.71722 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-02T13:39:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-02T05:39:12Z", "ms": 113117951524.71722 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:03 on Wed 1 Aug to 17:33 on Thu 2 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-01T11:03:14Z → 1973-08-02T09:33:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:51–13:39 on the 1st, 12:51–13:39 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14039 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 2 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Thursday 2 August. Caturthī runs from 19:03 on Wed 1 Aug to 17:33 on Thu 2 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-08-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/naga-panchami", "festival": "naga-panchami", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11372, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-02T17:33:10+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-02T09:33:10Z", "ms": 113131990341.63713 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-03T16:48:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-03T08:48:39Z", "ms": 113215719374.94711 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-02T17:33:10+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-02T09:33:10Z", "ms": 113131990341.63713 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-03T16:48:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-03T08:48:39Z", "ms": 113215719374.94711 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-02T12:51:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-02T04:51:12Z", "ms": 113115071524.71722 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-02T13:39:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-02T05:39:12Z", "ms": 113117951524.71722 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-03T12:51:07+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-03T04:51:07Z", "ms": 113201467054.079 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-03T13:39:07+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-03T05:39:07Z", "ms": 113204347054.079 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 17:33 on Thu 2 Aug to 16:49 on Fri 3 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-02T09:33:10Z → 1973-08-03T08:48:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:51–13:39 on the 2nd, 12:51–13:39 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11372 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī, Kunming, 1973: Friday 3 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Nāga Pañcamī 1973 falls on Friday 3 August. Pañcamī runs from 17:33 on Thu 2 Aug to 16:49 on Fri 3 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/naga-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-08-09", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15136, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-08T23:53:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-08T15:53:48Z", "ms": 113673228091.80225 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-10T02:28:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-09T18:28:29Z", "ms": 113768908534.69165 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-08T23:53:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-08T15:53:48Z", "ms": 113673228091.80225 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-10T02:28:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-09T18:28:29Z", "ms": 113768908534.69165 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-09T06:40:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-08T22:40:17Z", "ms": 113697617186.07808 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-09T06:40:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-08T22:40:17Z", "ms": 113697617186.07808 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-10T06:40:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-09T22:40:44Z", "ms": 113784044383.26694 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-10T06:40:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-09T22:40:44Z", "ms": 113784044383.26694 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 23:54 on Wed 8 Aug to 02:28 on Fri 10 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-08T15:53:48Z → 1973-08-09T18:28:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:40 on the 9th and 06:41 on the 10th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 9th and is not on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15136 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 9 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Putradā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Thursday 9 August. Ekādaśī runs from 23:54 on Wed 8 Aug to 02:28 on Fri 10 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-08-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/damodara-dvadashi", "festival": "damodara-dvadashi", "name": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28390, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-10T02:28:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-09T18:28:29Z", "ms": 113768908534.69165 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-11T04:56:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-10T20:56:59Z", "ms": 113864219160.64087 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-10T02:28:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-09T18:28:29Z", "ms": 113768908534.69165 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-11T04:56:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-10T20:56:59Z", "ms": 113864219160.64087 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-10T12:50:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-10T04:50:19Z", "ms": 113806218672.1966 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-10T13:38:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-10T05:38:19Z", "ms": 113809098672.1966 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-11T12:50:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-11T04:50:09Z", "ms": 113892609380.18137 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-11T13:38:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-11T05:38:09Z", "ms": 113895489380.18137 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 02:28 on Fri 10 Aug to 04:57 on Sat 11 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-09T18:28:29Z → 1973-08-10T20:56:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:50–13:38 on the 10th, 12:50–13:38 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 28390 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Friday 10 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "damodara-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Buddha dvadasi, Damodara dvadasi (purvaviddha), Visnu-pavitraropana." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Dāmodara Dvādaśī 1973 falls on Friday 10 August. Dvādaśī runs from 02:28 on Fri 10 Aug to 04:57 on Sat 11 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/damodara-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-08-11", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27720, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-11T04:56:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-10T20:56:59Z", "ms": 113864219160.64087 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-12T07:08:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-11T23:08:47Z", "ms": 113958527241.30904 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-11T04:56:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-10T20:56:59Z", "ms": 113864219160.64087 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-12T07:08:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-11T23:08:47Z", "ms": 113958527241.30904 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-10T19:47:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-10T11:47:53Z", "ms": 113831272961.12625 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-10T21:14:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-10T13:14:59Z", "ms": 113836499417.66702 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-11T19:47:07+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-11T11:47:07Z", "ms": 113917627375.18071 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-11T21:14:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-11T13:14:23Z", "ms": 113922863483.61113 } }, "covered_min": 87, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 04:57 on Sat 11 Aug to 07:09 on Sun 12 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-10T20:56:59Z → 1973-08-11T23:08:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:48–21:15 on the 10th, 19:47–21:14 on the 11th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 87 minutes on the 10th and 87 of 87 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27720 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 11 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Saturday 11 August. Trayodaśī runs from 04:57 on Sat 11 Aug to 07:09 on Sun 12 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-08-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/raksha-bandhana", "festival": "raksha-bandhana", "name": "Rakṣā Bandhana", "everyday": "Rakhi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-13", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 12838, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-08-13T08:56:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-13T00:56:37Z", "ms": 114051396591.09042 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-14T10:16:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-14T02:16:29Z", "ms": 114142589252.08754 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "second-half", "start": { "local": "1973-08-13T21:40:10+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-13T13:40:10Z", "ms": 114097210399.77414 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-14T10:16:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-14T02:16:29Z", "ms": 114142589252.08754 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-13T06:42:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-12T22:42:05Z", "ms": 114043324790.86081 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-14T06:42:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-13T22:42:31Z", "ms": 114129751191.74776 } }, "covered_min": 542, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-14T06:42:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-13T22:42:31Z", "ms": 114129751191.74776 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-15T06:42:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-14T22:42:57Z", "ms": 114216177391.51001 } }, "covered_min": 214, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 08:57 on Mon 13 Aug to 10:16 on Tue 14 Aug. Its second half begins at 21:40 on Mon 13 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-13T00:56:37Z → 1973-08-14T02:16:29Z · second half from 1973-08-13T13:40:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:42 on the 13th, and from 06:43 on the 14th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The second half of Pūrṇimā must be present during the day. It covers 542 of 1440 minutes on the 13th and 214 of 1440 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both days qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 12838 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rakṣā Bandhana, Kunming, 1973: Monday 13 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "raksha-bandhana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "day", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated", "half": "second" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-13", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-13", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Rakṣā Bandhana (Rakhi) 1973 falls on Monday 13 August. The second half of Pūrṇimā runs from 21:40 on Mon 13 Aug to 10:16 on Tue 14 Aug and falls on two days: 542 minutes of it on the 13th, 214 on the 14th; the rule does not say which to take, and the day that holds more of it is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/raksha-bandhana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/rishi-tarpana", "festival": "rishi-tarpana", "name": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9189, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-08-13T08:56:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-13T00:56:37Z", "ms": 114051396591.09042 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-14T10:16:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-14T02:16:29Z", "ms": 114142589252.08754 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-13T08:56:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-13T00:56:37Z", "ms": 114051396591.09042 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-14T10:16:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-14T02:16:29Z", "ms": 114142589252.08754 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-13T12:49:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-13T04:49:49Z", "ms": 114065389090.95891 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-13T13:37:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-13T05:37:49Z", "ms": 114068269090.95891 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-14T12:49:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-14T04:49:38Z", "ms": 114151778115.11066 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-14T13:37:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-14T05:37:38Z", "ms": 114154658115.11066 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 08:57 on Mon 13 Aug to 10:16 on Tue 14 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-13T00:56:37Z → 1973-08-14T02:16:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:50–13:38 on the 13th, 12:50–13:38 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9189 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa, Kunming, 1973: Monday 13 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa 1973 falls on Monday 13 August. Pūrṇimā runs from 08:57 on Mon 13 Aug to 10:16 on Tue 14 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/rishi-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33107, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-08-15T11:07:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-15T03:07:12Z", "ms": 114232031795.26451 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-16T11:29:25+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T03:29:25Z", "ms": 114319764827.23605 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-15T11:07:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-15T03:07:12Z", "ms": 114232031795.26451 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-16T11:29:25+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T03:29:25Z", "ms": 114319764827.23605 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-15T20:18:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-15T12:18:59Z", "ms": 114265138896.39873 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-15T20:18:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-15T12:18:59Z", "ms": 114265138896.39873 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-16T20:52:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T12:52:37Z", "ms": 114353557234.52954 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-16T20:52:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T12:52:37Z", "ms": 114353557234.52954 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 11:07 on Wed 15 Aug to 11:29 on Thu 16 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-15T03:07:12Z → 1973-08-16T03:29:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:19 on the 15th and 20:53 on the 16th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 15th and is not on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33107 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 15 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunyasayana vrata (Dvitiya current at moonrise; if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata 1973 falls on Wednesday 15 August. Dvitīyā runs from 11:07 on Wed 15 Aug to 11:29 on Thu 16 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/kajjali-tritiya", "festival": "kajjali-tritiya", "name": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Kajari Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4790, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 17, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-08-16T11:29:25+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T03:29:25Z", "ms": 114319764827.23605 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-17T11:24:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T03:24:51Z", "ms": 114405891248.85785 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-16T11:29:25+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T03:29:25Z", "ms": 114319764827.23605 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-17T11:24:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T03:24:51Z", "ms": 114405891248.85785 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-16T12:49:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T04:49:15Z", "ms": 114324554560.81793 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-16T13:37:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T05:37:15Z", "ms": 114327434560.81793 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-17T12:49:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T04:49:02Z", "ms": 114410942008.53891 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-17T13:37:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T05:37:02Z", "ms": 114413822008.53891 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 11:29 on Thu 16 Aug to 11:25 on Fri 17 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-16T03:29:25Z → 1973-08-17T03:24:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:49–13:37 on the 16th, 12:49–13:37 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4790 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 16 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kajjali-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 3 Kajjali trtiya, (paraviddha), Angaveta trtiya (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kajjalī Tṛtīyā (Kajari Teej) 1973 falls on Thursday 16 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 11:29 on Thu 16 Aug to 11:25 on Fri 17 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/kajjali-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/bahula-chaturthi", "festival": "bahula-chaturthi", "name": "Bahulā Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20502, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-17T11:24:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T03:24:51Z", "ms": 114405891248.85785 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-18T10:55:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-18T02:55:33Z", "ms": 114490533310.89801 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-17T11:24:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T03:24:51Z", "ms": 114405891248.85785 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-18T10:55:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-18T02:55:33Z", "ms": 114490533310.89801 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-17T17:06:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T09:06:34Z", "ms": 114426393696.76172 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-17T19:42:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T11:42:15Z", "ms": 114435734822.24359 } }, "covered_min": 156, "window_min": 156, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-18T17:05:57+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-18T09:05:57Z", "ms": 114512757450.11174 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-18T19:41:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-18T11:41:23Z", "ms": 114522083111.6131 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 155, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:25 on Fri 17 Aug to 10:56 on Sat 18 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-17T03:24:51Z → 1973-08-18T02:55:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 17:07–19:42 on the 17th, 17:06–19:41 on the 18th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 156 of 156 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 155 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 20502 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bahulā Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Friday 17 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bahula-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Bahula caturthi (Madhyadesa) (Sayahnavyapini: if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the 1st day)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Bahulā Caturthī 1973 falls on Friday 17 August. Caturthī runs from 11:25 on Fri 17 Aug to 10:56 on Sat 18 Aug and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/bahula-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-08-17", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36143, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-17T11:24:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T03:24:51Z", "ms": 114405891248.85785 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-18T10:55:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-18T02:55:33Z", "ms": 114490533310.89801 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-17T11:24:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T03:24:51Z", "ms": 114405891248.85785 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-18T10:55:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-18T02:55:33Z", "ms": 114490533310.89801 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-17T21:27:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T13:27:15Z", "ms": 114442034550.16138 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-17T21:27:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T13:27:15Z", "ms": 114442034550.16138 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-18T22:04:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-18T14:04:06Z", "ms": 114530645610.08844 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-18T22:04:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-18T14:04:06Z", "ms": 114530645610.08844 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:25 on Fri 17 Aug to 10:56 on Sat 18 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-17T03:24:51Z → 1973-08-18T02:55:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:27 on the 17th and 22:04 on the 18th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 17th and is not on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36143 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Friday 17 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Friday 17 August. Caturthī runs from 11:25 on Fri 17 Aug to 10:56 on Sat 18 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-08-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/hala-shashthi", "festival": "hala-shashthi", "name": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9912, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-19T10:03:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-19T02:03:24Z", "ms": 114573803780.08821 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-20T08:49:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T00:49:53Z", "ms": 114655793205.99538 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-19T10:03:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-19T02:03:24Z", "ms": 114573803780.08821 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-20T08:49:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T00:49:53Z", "ms": 114655793205.99538 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-19T12:48:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-19T04:48:35Z", "ms": 114583715422.95282 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-19T13:36:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-19T05:36:35Z", "ms": 114586595422.95282 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-20T12:48:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T04:48:21Z", "ms": 114670101418.05826 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-20T13:36:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T05:36:21Z", "ms": 114672981418.05826 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 10:03 on Sun 19 Aug to 08:50 on Mon 20 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-19T02:03:24Z → 1973-08-20T00:49:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:49–13:37 on the 19th, 12:48–13:36 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9912 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 19 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "hala-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Hala sasthi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Hala Ṣaṣṭhī 1973 falls on Sunday 19 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 10:03 on Sun 19 Aug to 08:50 on Mon 20 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/hala-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shitala-saptami", "festival": "shitala-saptami", "name": "Śītalā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14308, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 21, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-20T08:49:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T00:49:53Z", "ms": 114655793205.99538 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-21T07:16:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T23:16:13Z", "ms": 114736572732.90483 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-20T08:49:53+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T00:49:53Z", "ms": 114655793205.99538 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-21T07:16:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T23:16:13Z", "ms": 114736572732.90483 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-20T12:48:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T04:48:21Z", "ms": 114670101418.05826 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-20T13:36:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T05:36:21Z", "ms": 114672981418.05826 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-21T12:48:07+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-21T04:48:07Z", "ms": 114756486957.25485 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-21T13:36:07+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-21T05:36:07Z", "ms": 114759366957.25485 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 08:50 on Mon 20 Aug to 07:16 on Tue 21 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-20T00:49:53Z → 1973-08-20T23:16:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:48–13:36 on the 20th, 12:48–13:36 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 14308 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalā Saptamī, Kunming, 1973: Monday 20 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitala-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 7 Sitala saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śītalā Saptamī 1973 falls on Monday 20 August. Saptamī runs from 08:50 on Mon 20 Aug to 07:16 on Tue 21 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shitala-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/janmashtami", "festival": "janmashtami", "name": "Janmāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13630, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-21T07:16:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T23:16:13Z", "ms": 114736572732.90483 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-22T05:23:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-21T21:23:30Z", "ms": 114816209543.7802 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-21T07:16:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T23:16:13Z", "ms": 114736572732.90483 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-22T05:23:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-21T21:23:30Z", "ms": 114816209543.7802 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-21T00:48:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T16:48:34Z", "ms": 114713313942.95459 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-21T01:36:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T17:36:34Z", "ms": 114716193942.95459 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-22T00:48:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-21T16:48:19Z", "ms": 114799699392.3298 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-22T01:36:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-21T17:36:19Z", "ms": 114802579392.3298 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 07:16 on Tue 21 Aug to 05:23 on Wed 22 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-20T23:16:13Z → 1973-08-21T21:23:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:49–01:37 on the 20th, 00:48–01:36 on the 21st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13630 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Janmāṣṭamī, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 21 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "janmashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Janmastami (madhyaratra-vyapini), if midnight is covered on two days, or not on any day, it is to be observed on the 2nd day; special when combined with naksatra 'Rohini' at midnight, more so when on Monday or Wednesday. If the combination occurs before midnight and 'Rohini' extends up to midnight, it is to be observed on that day. Gokulastami." } ], "not_evaluated": "The clauses on Rohiṇī nakṣatra, the Vaiṣṇava observance on the day after saptamī, and the Assam and South India reckoning in the solar month belong to other readings and are not applied.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Janmāṣṭamī 1973 falls on Tuesday 21 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 07:16 on Tue 21 Aug to 05:23 on Wed 22 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/janmashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-08-24", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ajā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21560, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-24T00:47:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-23T16:47:24Z", "ms": 114972444102.01564 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-24T22:09:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-24T14:09:26Z", "ms": 115049366468.74994 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-24T00:47:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-23T16:47:24Z", "ms": 114972444102.01564 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-24T22:09:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-24T14:09:26Z", "ms": 115049366468.74994 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-24T06:46:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-23T22:46:45Z", "ms": 114994004586.40208 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-24T06:46:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-23T22:46:45Z", "ms": 114994004586.40208 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-25T06:47:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-24T22:47:09Z", "ms": 115080428929.64409 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-25T06:47:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-24T22:47:09Z", "ms": 115080428929.64409 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:47 on Fri 24 Aug to 22:09 on Fri 24 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-23T16:47:24Z → 1973-08-24T14:09:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:47 on the 24th and 06:47 on the 25th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 24th and is not on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21560 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ajā Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Friday 24 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Ajā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Friday 24 August. Ekādaśī runs from 00:47 on Fri 24 Aug to 22:09 on Fri 24 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-08-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-08-25", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 672, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-25T19:23:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-25T11:23:49Z", "ms": 115125828504.9866 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-26T16:36:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T08:36:22Z", "ms": 115202181586.31375 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-25T19:23:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-25T11:23:49Z", "ms": 115125828504.9866 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-26T16:36:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T08:36:22Z", "ms": 115202181586.31375 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-25T19:35:01+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-25T11:35:01Z", "ms": 115126500708.25847 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-25T21:04:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-25T13:04:41Z", "ms": 115131881027.00699 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-26T19:34:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T11:34:03Z", "ms": 115212843441.81677 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-26T21:03:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T13:03:55Z", "ms": 115218234595.47371 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 19:24 on Sat 25 Aug to 16:36 on Sun 26 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-25T11:23:49Z → 1973-08-26T08:36:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:35–21:05 on the 25th, 19:34–21:04 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 90 of 90 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 90 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 672 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 25 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Saturday 25 August. Trayodaśī runs from 19:24 on Sat 25 Aug to 16:36 on Sun 26 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-08-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/aghora-chaturdashi", "festival": "aghora-chaturdashi", "name": "Aghora Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10662, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-26T16:36:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T08:36:22Z", "ms": 115202181586.31375 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-27T13:54:10+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-27T05:54:10Z", "ms": 115278850445.76134 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-26T16:36:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T08:36:22Z", "ms": 115202181586.31375 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-27T13:54:10+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-27T05:54:10Z", "ms": 115278850445.76134 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-26T19:34:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T11:34:03Z", "ms": 115212843441.81677 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-26T21:03:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T13:03:55Z", "ms": 115218234595.47371 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-27T19:33:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-27T11:33:06Z", "ms": 115299185581.21695 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-27T21:03:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-27T13:03:08Z", "ms": 115304587625.86836 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 16:36 on Sun 26 Aug to 13:54 on Mon 27 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-26T08:36:22Z → 1973-08-27T05:54:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:34–21:04 on the 26th, 19:33–21:03 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 90 of 90 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 90 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10662 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aghora Caturdaśī, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 26 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aghora-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Aghora caturdasi (pradosa vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Aghora Caturdaśī 1973 falls on Sunday 26 August. Caturdaśī runs from 16:36 on Sun 26 Aug to 13:54 on Mon 27 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/aghora-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-08-26", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29439, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-26T16:36:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T08:36:22Z", "ms": 115202181586.31375 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-27T13:54:10+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-27T05:54:10Z", "ms": 115278850445.76134 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-26T16:36:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T08:36:22Z", "ms": 115202181586.31375 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-27T13:54:10+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-27T05:54:10Z", "ms": 115278850445.76134 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-27T00:47:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T16:47:00Z", "ms": 115231620268.0303 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-27T01:35:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T17:35:00Z", "ms": 115234500268.0303 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-28T00:46:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-27T16:46:43Z", "ms": 115318003248.65977 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-28T01:34:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-27T17:34:43Z", "ms": 115320883248.65977 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 16:36 on Sun 26 Aug to 13:54 on Mon 27 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-26T08:36:22Z → 1973-08-27T05:54:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:47–01:35 on the 26th, 00:47–01:35 on the 27th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29439 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 26 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Sunday 26 August. Caturdaśī runs from 16:36 on Sun 26 Aug to 13:54 on Mon 27 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-08-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/rudra-vrata", "festival": "rudra-vrata", "name": "Rudra Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4856, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1973-08-28T11:25:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-28T03:25:18Z", "ms": 115356317548.0746 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-29T09:18:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-29T01:18:18Z", "ms": 115435098182.72195 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-28T11:25:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-28T03:25:18Z", "ms": 115356317548.0746 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-29T09:18:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-29T01:18:18Z", "ms": 115435098182.72195 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-28T12:46:14+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-28T04:46:14Z", "ms": 115361174031.47037 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-28T13:34:14+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-28T05:34:14Z", "ms": 115364054031.47037 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-29T12:45:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-29T04:45:56Z", "ms": 115447556362.29819 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-29T13:33:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-29T05:33:56Z", "ms": 115450436362.29819 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 11:25 on Tue 28 Aug to 09:18 on Wed 29 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-28T03:25:18Z → 1973-08-29T01:18:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:46–13:34 on the 28th, 12:46–13:34 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 4856 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rudra Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 28 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rudra-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Rudra vrata (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Rudra Vrata 1973 falls on Tuesday 28 August. Pratipadā runs from 11:25 on Tue 28 Aug to 09:18 on Wed 29 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/rudra-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/haritalika-vrata", "festival": "haritalika-vrata", "name": "Haritālikā Vrata", "everyday": "Hartalika Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18234, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-08-30T07:41:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-29T23:41:45Z", "ms": 115515704795.83043 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-31T06:43:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-30T22:43:18Z", "ms": 115598598365.07266 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-30T07:41:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-29T23:41:45Z", "ms": 115515704795.83043 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-31T06:43:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-30T22:43:18Z", "ms": 115598598365.07266 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-30T12:45:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-30T04:45:38Z", "ms": 115533938341.67328 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-30T13:33:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-30T05:33:38Z", "ms": 115536818341.67328 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-31T12:45:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-31T04:45:20Z", "ms": 115620319982.00769 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-31T13:33:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-31T05:33:20Z", "ms": 115623199982.00769 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 07:42 on Thu 30 Aug to 06:43 on Fri 31 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-29T23:41:45Z → 1973-08-30T22:43:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:46–13:34 on the 30th, 12:45–13:33 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18234 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Haritālikā Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 30 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "haritalika-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Haritalika vrata (paraviddha), Gauri vrata (Orissa), Gauri (Mysore)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Haritālikā Vrata (Hartalika Teej) 1973 falls on Thursday 30 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 07:42 on Thu 30 Aug to 06:43 on Fri 31 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/haritalika-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ganesha-chaturthi", "festival": "ganesha-chaturthi", "name": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21722, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-31T06:43:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-30T22:43:18Z", "ms": 115598598365.07266 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-01T06:28:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-31T22:28:46Z", "ms": 115684125880.64783 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-31T06:43:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-30T22:43:18Z", "ms": 115598598365.07266 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-01T06:28:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-31T22:28:46Z", "ms": 115684125880.64783 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-31T12:45:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-31T04:45:20Z", "ms": 115620319982.00769 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-31T13:33:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-31T05:33:20Z", "ms": 115623199982.00769 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-01T12:45:01+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-01T04:45:01Z", "ms": 115706701296.80826 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-01T13:33:01+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-01T05:33:01Z", "ms": 115709581296.80826 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:43 on Fri 31 Aug to 06:29 on Sat 1 Sep.", "fact": "1973-08-30T22:43:18Z → 1973-08-31T22:28:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:45–13:33 on the 31st, 12:45–13:33 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 21722 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Friday 31 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Varada caturthi (purvaviddha, madhyahnavyapini), Samvatsari parva (Jain-caturthi paksa), Saubhagya caturthi (Bengal), Ganesa caturthi (madhyahna vyapini and purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Gaṇeśa Caturthī 1973 falls on Friday 31 August. Caturthī runs from 06:43 on Fri 31 Aug to 06:29 on Sat 1 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ganesha-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/rishi-panchami", "festival": "rishi-panchami", "name": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20634, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-01T06:28:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-31T22:28:46Z", "ms": 115684125880.64783 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-02T07:00:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-01T23:00:48Z", "ms": 115772447813.55475 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-01T06:28:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-08-31T22:28:46Z", "ms": 115684125880.64783 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-02T07:00:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-01T23:00:48Z", "ms": 115772447813.55475 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-01T12:45:01+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-01T04:45:01Z", "ms": 115706701296.80826 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-01T13:33:01+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-01T05:33:01Z", "ms": 115709581296.80826 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-02T12:44:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-02T04:44:42Z", "ms": 115793082300.67383 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-02T13:32:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-02T05:32:42Z", "ms": 115795962300.67383 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 06:29 on Sat 1 Sep to 07:01 on Sun 2 Sep.", "fact": "1973-08-31T22:28:46Z → 1973-09-01T23:00:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:45–13:33 on the 1st, 12:45–13:33 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 20634 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 1 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 1973 falls on Saturday 1 September. Pañcamī runs from 06:29 on Sat 1 Sep to 07:01 on Sun 2 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/rishi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "festival": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15995, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-02T07:00:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-01T23:00:48Z", "ms": 115772447813.55475 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-03T08:17:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-03T00:17:48Z", "ms": 115863468479.27127 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-02T07:00:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-01T23:00:48Z", "ms": 115772447813.55475 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-03T08:17:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-03T00:17:48Z", "ms": 115863468479.27127 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-02T12:44:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-02T04:44:42Z", "ms": 115793082300.67383 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-02T13:32:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-02T05:32:42Z", "ms": 115795962300.67383 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-03T12:44:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-03T04:44:23Z", "ms": 115879463008.93613 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-03T13:32:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-03T05:32:23Z", "ms": 115882343008.93613 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 07:01 on Sun 2 Sep to 08:18 on Mon 3 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-01T23:00:48Z → 1973-09-03T00:17:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:45–13:33 on the 2nd, 12:44–13:32 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15995 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada), Kunming, 1973: Sunday 2 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Surya sasthi (paraviddha), Lolarka sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada) 1973 falls on Sunday 2 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 07:01 on Sun 2 Sep to 08:18 on Mon 3 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/muktabharana-vrata", "festival": "muktabharana-vrata", "name": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9051, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-03T08:17:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-03T00:17:48Z", "ms": 115863468479.27127 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-04T10:13:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-04T02:13:13Z", "ms": 115956792841.51643 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-03T08:17:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-03T00:17:48Z", "ms": 115863468479.27127 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-04T10:13:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-04T02:13:13Z", "ms": 115956792841.51643 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-03T12:44:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-03T04:44:23Z", "ms": 115879463008.93613 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-03T13:32:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-03T05:32:23Z", "ms": 115882343008.93613 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-04T12:44:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-04T04:44:03Z", "ms": 115965843437.94582 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-04T13:32:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-04T05:32:03Z", "ms": 115968723437.94582 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 08:18 on Mon 3 Sep to 10:13 on Tue 4 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-03T00:17:48Z → 1973-09-04T02:13:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:44–13:32 on the 3rd, 12:44–13:32 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 9051 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Monday 3 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "muktabharana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Muktabharana vrata (purvaviddha), Lalita saptami (Bengal & Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Muktābharaṇa Vrata 1973 falls on Monday 3 September. Saptamī runs from 08:18 on Mon 3 Sep to 10:13 on Tue 4 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/muktabharana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/radhashtami", "festival": "radhashtami", "name": "Rādhāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 486, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-04T10:13:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-04T02:13:13Z", "ms": 115956792841.51643 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-05T12:35:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-05T04:35:38Z", "ms": 116051737779.1382 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-04T10:13:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-04T02:13:13Z", "ms": 115956792841.51643 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-05T12:35:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-05T04:35:38Z", "ms": 116051737779.1382 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-04T12:44:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-04T04:44:03Z", "ms": 115965843437.94582 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-04T13:32:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-04T05:32:03Z", "ms": 115968723437.94582 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-05T12:43:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-05T04:43:44Z", "ms": 116052223604.83624 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-05T13:31:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-05T05:31:44Z", "ms": 116055103604.83624 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 10:13 on Tue 4 Sep to 12:36 on Wed 5 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-04T02:13:13Z → 1973-09-05T04:35:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:44–13:32 on the 4th, 12:44–13:32 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 486 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rādhāṣṭamī, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 4 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "radhashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Durvastami (purvaviddha — S 8 of saura Bhadra except Bengal), Mahalaksmi vratarambha, Radhastami (madhyahna vyapini)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-04", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Rādhāṣṭamī 1973 falls on Tuesday 4 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 10:13 on Tue 4 Sep to 12:36 on Wed 5 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/radhashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-09-08", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38938, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-07T17:41:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-07T09:41:09Z", "ms": 116242868720.49185 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-08T19:54:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-08T11:54:00Z", "ms": 116337239741.16911 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-07T17:41:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-07T09:41:09Z", "ms": 116242868720.49185 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-08T19:54:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-08T11:54:00Z", "ms": 116337239741.16911 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-07T06:52:10+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-06T22:52:10Z", "ms": 116203930367.85785 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-07T06:52:10+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-06T22:52:10Z", "ms": 116203930367.85785 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-08T06:52:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-07T22:52:33Z", "ms": 116290352598.40129 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-08T06:52:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-07T22:52:33Z", "ms": 116290352598.40129 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 17:41 on Fri 7 Sep to 19:54 on Sat 8 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-07T09:41:09Z → 1973-09-08T11:54:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:52 on the 7th and 06:53 on the 8th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 7th and is on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 38938 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 8 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Parivartanī Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Saturday 8 September. Ekādaśī runs from 17:41 on Fri 7 Sep to 19:54 on Sat 8 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-09-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vamana-jayanti", "festival": "vamana-jayanti", "name": "Vāmana Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22997, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-08T19:54:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-08T11:54:00Z", "ms": 116337239741.16911 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-09T21:38:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-09T13:38:02Z", "ms": 116429881710.29887 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-08T19:54:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-08T11:54:00Z", "ms": 116337239741.16911 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-09T21:38:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-09T13:38:02Z", "ms": 116429881710.29887 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-08T12:42:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-08T04:42:43Z", "ms": 116311362715.15515 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-08T13:30:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-08T05:30:43Z", "ms": 116314242715.15515 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-09T12:42:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-09T04:42:22Z", "ms": 116397742019.17719 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-09T13:30:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-09T05:30:22Z", "ms": 116400622019.17719 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 19:54 on Sat 8 Sep to 21:38 on Sun 9 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-08T11:54:00Z → 1973-09-09T13:38:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:43–13:31 on the 8th, 12:42–13:30 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22997 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vāmana Jayantī, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 9 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vamana-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Visnuparivartanotsava, Sakrotthana (in any of the naksatras U. Asadha, Sravana & Dhanistha), Kalki dvadasi, Sravana dvadasi (when combined with naksatra Sravana), Vamana jayanti (madhyahna vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vāmana Jayantī 1973 falls on Sunday 9 September. Dvādaśī runs from 19:54 on Sat 8 Sep to 21:38 on Sun 9 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vamana-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-09-10", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2745, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-09T21:38:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-09T13:38:02Z", "ms": 116429881710.29887 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-10T22:47:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-10T14:47:02Z", "ms": 116520421738.2515 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-09T21:38:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-09T13:38:02Z", "ms": 116429881710.29887 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-10T22:47:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-10T14:47:02Z", "ms": 116520421738.2515 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-09T19:19:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-09T11:19:49Z", "ms": 116421589295.88812 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-09T20:52:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-09T12:52:17Z", "ms": 116427136964.97853 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 92, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-10T19:18:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-10T11:18:46Z", "ms": 116507925500.82518 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-10T20:51:25+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-10T12:51:25Z", "ms": 116513484611.07373 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 21:38 on Sun 9 Sep to 22:47 on Mon 10 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-09T13:38:02Z → 1973-09-10T14:47:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:20–20:52 on the 9th, 19:19–20:51 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 92 minutes on the 9th and 93 of 93 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2745 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Monday 10 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-10", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Monday 10 September. Trayodaśī runs from 21:38 on Sun 9 Sep to 22:47 on Mon 10 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-09-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ananta-chaturdashi", "festival": "ananta-chaturdashi", "name": "Ananta Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27289, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-10T22:47:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-10T14:47:02Z", "ms": 116520421738.2515 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-11T23:19:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-11T15:19:12Z", "ms": 116608751569.09322 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-10T22:47:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-10T14:47:02Z", "ms": 116520421738.2515 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-11T23:19:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-11T15:19:12Z", "ms": 116608751569.09322 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-11T06:53:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-10T22:53:39Z", "ms": 116549618827.68925 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-11T09:22:27+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-11T01:22:27Z", "ms": 116558547356.80103 } }, "covered_min": 149, "window_min": 149, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-12T06:54:01+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-11T22:54:01Z", "ms": 116636040800.29652 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-12T09:22:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-12T01:22:32Z", "ms": 116644952088.55553 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 149, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:47 on Mon 10 Sep to 23:19 on Tue 11 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-10T14:47:02Z → 1973-09-11T15:19:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:54–09:22 on the 11th, 06:54–09:23 on the 12th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 149 of 149 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 149 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27289 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ananta Caturdaśī, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 11 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananta-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Ananta caturdasi (covering three muhurtas from sunrise, but one muhurta in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row asks for one muhūrta from sunrise; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Ananta Caturdaśī 1973 falls on Tuesday 11 September. Caturdaśī runs from 22:47 on Mon 10 Sep to 23:19 on Tue 11 Sep and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ananta-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-09-15", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1281, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-15T20:23:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-15T12:23:11Z", "ms": 116943790928.1645 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-16T18:48:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-16T10:48:38Z", "ms": 117024518154.03183 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-15T20:23:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-15T12:23:11Z", "ms": 116943790928.1645 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-16T18:48:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-16T10:48:38Z", "ms": 117024518154.03183 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-15T20:44:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-15T12:44:32Z", "ms": 116945072049.87482 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-15T20:44:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-15T12:44:32Z", "ms": 116945072049.87482 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-16T21:28:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-16T13:28:56Z", "ms": 117034136118.91171 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-16T21:28:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-16T13:28:56Z", "ms": 117034136118.91171 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:23 on Sat 15 Sep to 18:49 on Sun 16 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-15T12:23:11Z → 1973-09-16T10:48:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:45 on the 15th and 21:29 on the 16th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 15th and is not on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1281 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 15 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Saturday 15 September. Caturthī runs from 20:23 on Sat 15 Sep to 18:49 on Sun 16 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-09-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/chandra-shashthi", "festival": "chandra-shashthi", "name": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18925, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-17T17:03:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-17T09:03:20Z", "ms": 117104599640.43242 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-18T15:10:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-18T07:10:19Z", "ms": 117184218520.82198 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-17T17:03:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-17T09:03:20Z", "ms": 117104599640.43242 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-18T15:10:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-18T07:10:19Z", "ms": 117184218520.82198 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-17T22:18:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-17T14:18:44Z", "ms": 117123524223.39763 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-17T22:18:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-17T14:18:44Z", "ms": 117123524223.39763 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-18T23:14:16+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-18T15:14:16Z", "ms": 117213256339.2436 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-18T23:14:16+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-18T15:14:16Z", "ms": 117213256339.2436 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:03 on Mon 17 Sep to 15:10 on Tue 18 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-17T09:03:20Z → 1973-09-18T07:10:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:19 on the 17th and 23:14 on the 18th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 17th and is not on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 18925 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī, Kunming, 1973: Monday 17 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chandra-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Candra sasthi (Sasthi current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Candra Ṣaṣṭhī 1973 falls on Monday 17 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:03 on Mon 17 Sep to 15:10 on Tue 18 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/chandra-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/jitashtami", "festival": "jitashtami", "name": "Jitāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Jitiya", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21449, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-19T13:11:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-19T05:11:36Z", "ms": 117263495738.39882 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-20T11:08:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-20T03:08:30Z", "ms": 117342510092.3383 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-19T13:11:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-19T05:11:36Z", "ms": 117263495738.39882 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-20T11:08:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-20T03:08:30Z", "ms": 117342510092.3383 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-19T19:09:04+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-19T11:09:04Z", "ms": 117284944310.38304 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-19T20:43:27+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-19T12:43:27Z", "ms": 117290607360.98915 } }, "covered_min": 94, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-20T19:07:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-20T11:07:59Z", "ms": 117371279477.07762 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-20T20:42:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-20T12:42:34Z", "ms": 117376954156.34166 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 13:12 on Wed 19 Sep to 11:09 on Thu 20 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-19T05:11:36Z → 1973-09-20T03:08:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:09–20:43 on the 19th, 19:08–20:43 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 94 of 94 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 95 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21449 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jitāṣṭamī, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 19 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "jitashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Jitāṣṭamī (Jitiya) 1973 falls on Wednesday 19 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 13:12 on Wed 19 Sep to 11:09 on Thu 20 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/jitashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "festival": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "name": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39221, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-19T13:11:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-19T05:11:36Z", "ms": 117263495738.39882 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-20T11:08:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-20T03:08:30Z", "ms": 117342510092.3383 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-19T13:11:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-19T05:11:36Z", "ms": 117263495738.39882 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-20T11:08:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-20T03:08:30Z", "ms": 117342510092.3383 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-18T23:14:16+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-18T15:14:16Z", "ms": 117213256339.2436 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-18T23:14:16+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-18T15:14:16Z", "ms": 117213256339.2436 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-20T00:14:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-19T16:14:49Z", "ms": 117303288592.89189 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-20T00:14:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-19T16:14:49Z", "ms": 117303288592.89189 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 13:12 on Wed 19 Sep to 11:09 on Thu 20 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-19T05:11:36Z → 1973-09-20T03:08:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:14 on the 18th and 00:15 on the 19th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 18th and is on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 39221 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 19 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana 1973 falls on Wednesday 19 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 13:12 on Wed 19 Sep to 11:09 on Thu 20 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-09-22", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Indirā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-22", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 220, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-22T06:54:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-21T22:54:02Z", "ms": 117500041964.38202 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-23T04:46:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-22T20:46:33Z", "ms": 117578792774.45697 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-22T06:54:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-21T22:54:02Z", "ms": 117500041964.38202 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-23T04:46:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-22T20:46:33Z", "ms": 117578792774.45697 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-22T06:57:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-21T22:57:42Z", "ms": 117500262076.76955 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-22T06:57:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-21T22:57:42Z", "ms": 117500262076.76955 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-23T06:58:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-22T22:58:05Z", "ms": 117586684717.4239 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-23T06:58:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-22T22:58:05Z", "ms": 117586684717.4239 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:54 on Sat 22 Sep to 04:47 on Sun 23 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-21T22:54:02Z → 1973-09-22T20:46:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:58 on the 22nd and 06:58 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 22nd and is not on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 220 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Indirā Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 22 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-22", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Indirā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Saturday 22 September. Ekādaśī runs from 06:54 on Sat 22 Sep to 04:47 on Sun 23 Sep and is current at sunrise that day. It is 3 min 40 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-09-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-09-24", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15011, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-24T02:43:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-23T18:43:18Z", "ms": 117657797863.38646 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-25T00:49:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-24T16:49:13Z", "ms": 117737353369.42299 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-24T02:43:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-23T18:43:18Z", "ms": 117657797863.38646 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-25T00:49:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-24T16:49:13Z", "ms": 117737353369.42299 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-23T19:04:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-23T11:04:45Z", "ms": 117630285387.66664 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-23T20:39:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-23T12:39:55Z", "ms": 117635995003.24117 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-24T19:03:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-24T11:03:41Z", "ms": 117716620912.00317 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-24T20:39:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-24T12:39:02Z", "ms": 117722342183.4961 } }, "covered_min": 95, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 02:43 on Mon 24 Sep to 00:49 on Tue 25 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-23T18:43:18Z → 1973-09-24T16:49:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:05–20:40 on the 23rd, 19:04–20:39 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 95 minutes on the 23rd and 95 of 95 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15011 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Monday 24 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Monday 24 September. Trayodaśī runs from 02:43 on Mon 24 Sep to 00:49 on Tue 25 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-09-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-09-24", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 718, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-25T00:49:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-24T16:49:13Z", "ms": 117737353369.42299 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-25T23:10:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-25T15:10:26Z", "ms": 117817826137.76219 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-25T00:49:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-24T16:49:13Z", "ms": 117737353369.42299 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-25T23:10:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-25T15:10:26Z", "ms": 117817826137.76219 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-25T00:37:16+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-24T16:37:16Z", "ms": 117736635680.10164 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-25T01:25:16+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-24T17:25:16Z", "ms": 117739515680.10164 } }, "covered_min": 36, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-26T00:36:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-25T16:36:55Z", "ms": 117823015072.63121 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-26T01:24:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-25T17:24:55Z", "ms": 117825895072.63121 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 00:49 on Tue 25 Sep to 23:10 on Tue 25 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-24T16:49:13Z → 1973-09-25T15:10:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:37–01:25 on the 24th, 00:37–01:25 on the 25th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 36 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 718 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Kunming, 1973: Monday 24 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Monday 24 September. Caturdaśī runs from 00:49 on Tue 25 Sep to 23:10 on Tue 25 Sep and covers 36 of 48 minutes of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-09-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/mahalaya-amavasya", "festival": "mahalaya-amavasya", "name": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā", "everyday": "Sarvapitṛ Amāvāsyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19005, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1973-09-25T23:10:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-25T15:10:26Z", "ms": 117817826137.76219 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-26T21:53:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-26T13:53:50Z", "ms": 117899630122.07312 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-25T23:10:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-25T15:10:26Z", "ms": 117817826137.76219 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-26T21:53:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-26T13:53:50Z", "ms": 117899630122.07312 } }, "kaala": "aparahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-25T14:13:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-25T06:13:06Z", "ms": 117785586131.37218 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-25T16:37:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-25T08:37:51Z", "ms": 117794271359.09619 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 145, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-26T14:12:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-26T06:12:37Z", "ms": 117871956884.64102 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-26T16:37:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-26T08:37:05Z", "ms": 117880624660.04062 } }, "covered_min": 144, "window_min": 144, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 23:10 on Tue 25 Sep to 21:54 on Wed 26 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-25T15:10:26Z → 1973-09-26T13:53:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aparāhṇa is 10th to 12th of 15 day muhūrtas: 14:13–16:38 on the 25th, 14:13–16:37 on the 26th.", "fact": "aparahna: day-muhurta-10-12 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during aparāhṇa. It covers 0 of 145 minutes on the 25th and 144 of 144 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19005 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 26 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalaya-amavasya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Mahalaya amavasya (aparahnavyapini)" } ], "not_evaluated": "The note on p. 106 gives the first day in a decreasing tithimāna and the second in an increasing one, when amāvāsyā covers the whole of aparāhṇa on both days; tithimāna is not computed.", "kaala": "aparahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Mahālaya Amāvāsyā 1973 falls on Wednesday 26 September. Amāvasyā runs from 23:10 on Tue 25 Sep to 21:54 on Wed 26 Sep and covers all of aparāhṇa that afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/mahalaya-amavasya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/navaratra-arambha", "festival": "navaratra-arambha", "name": "Navarātrārambha", "everyday": "Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27745, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1973-09-26T21:53:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-26T13:53:50Z", "ms": 117899630122.07312 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-27T21:06:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-27T13:06:28Z", "ms": 117983188103.65297 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-26T21:53:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-26T13:53:50Z", "ms": 117899630122.07312 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-27T21:06:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-27T13:06:28Z", "ms": 117983188103.65297 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-26T12:36:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-26T04:36:23Z", "ms": 117866182996.94122 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-26T13:24:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-26T05:24:23Z", "ms": 117869062996.94122 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-27T12:36:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-27T04:36:03Z", "ms": 117952562662.97789 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-27T13:24:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-27T05:24:03Z", "ms": 117955442662.97789 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 21:54 on Wed 26 Sep to 21:06 on Thu 27 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-26T13:53:50Z → 1973-09-27T13:06:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:36–13:24 on the 26th, 12:36–13:24 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27745 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 27 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Navarātrārambha (Navratri) 1973 falls on Thursday 27 September. Pratipadā runs from 21:54 on Wed 26 Sep to 21:06 on Thu 27 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/navaratra-arambha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-09-30", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28765, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-29T21:22:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-29T13:22:47Z", "ms": 118156967133.71336 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-30T22:32:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-30T14:32:12Z", "ms": 118247531804.83238 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-29T21:22:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-29T13:22:47Z", "ms": 118156967133.71336 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-30T22:32:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-30T14:32:12Z", "ms": 118247531804.83238 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-29T12:35:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-29T04:35:23Z", "ms": 118125322621.40146 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-29T13:23:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-29T05:23:23Z", "ms": 118128202621.40146 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-30T12:35:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-30T04:35:03Z", "ms": 118211702947.94366 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-30T13:23:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-09-30T05:23:03Z", "ms": 118214582947.94366 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:23 on Sat 29 Sep to 22:32 on Sun 30 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-29T13:22:47Z → 1973-09-30T14:32:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:35–13:23 on the 29th, 12:35–13:23 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28765 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 30 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Sunday 30 September. Caturthī runs from 21:23 on Sat 29 Sep to 22:32 on Sun 30 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-09-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/durga-saptami", "festival": "durga-saptami", "name": "Durgā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6579, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-03T02:37:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-02T18:37:37Z", "ms": 118435056933.05519 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-04T05:12:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-03T21:12:47Z", "ms": 118530766836.45229 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-03T02:37:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-02T18:37:37Z", "ms": 118435056933.05519 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-04T05:12:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-03T21:12:47Z", "ms": 118530766836.45229 } }, "kaala": "udaya-1", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-03T07:02:01+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-02T23:02:01Z", "ms": 118450920829.53728 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-03T07:49:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-02T23:49:29Z", "ms": 118453769456.57005 } }, "covered_min": 47, "window_min": 47, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-04T07:02:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-03T23:02:26Z", "ms": 118537345640.77452 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-04T07:49:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-03T23:49:48Z", "ms": 118540188487.44777 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 47, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 02:38 on Wed 3 Oct to 05:13 on Thu 4 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-02T18:37:37Z → 1973-10-03T21:12:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first muhūrta after sunrise is 1st of 15 day muhūrtas: 07:02–07:49 on the 3rd, 07:02–07:50 on the 4th.", "fact": "udaya-1: day-muhurta-1-1 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must hold through the first muhūrta after sunrise. It covers 47 of 47 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 47 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6579 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Saptamī, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 3 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Durga saptami (paraviddha) — covering one muhurta from sunrise" } ], "kaala": "udaya-1", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Durgā Saptamī 1973 falls on Wednesday 3 October. Saptamī runs from 02:38 on Wed 3 Oct to 05:13 on Thu 4 Oct and covers all of the first muhūrta after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/durga-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/mahashtami", "festival": "mahashtami", "name": "Mahāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Durga Ashtami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17044, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-04T05:12:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-03T21:12:47Z", "ms": 118530766836.45229 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-05T07:49:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-04T23:49:24Z", "ms": 118626564310.13553 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-04T05:12:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-03T21:12:47Z", "ms": 118530766836.45229 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-05T07:49:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-04T23:49:24Z", "ms": 118626564310.13553 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-04T12:33:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-04T04:33:47Z", "ms": 118557226990.82391 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-04T13:21:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-04T05:21:47Z", "ms": 118560106990.82391 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-05T12:33:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-05T04:33:29Z", "ms": 118643608780.04402 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-05T13:21:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-05T05:21:29Z", "ms": 118646488780.04402 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 05:13 on Thu 4 Oct to 07:49 on Fri 5 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-03T21:12:47Z → 1973-10-04T23:49:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:34–13:22 on the 4th, 12:33–13:21 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17044 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāṣṭamī, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 4 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 1973 falls on Thursday 4 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 05:13 on Thu 4 Oct to 07:49 on Fri 5 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/mahashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/mahanavami", "festival": "mahanavami", "name": "Mahānavamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8530, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-05T07:49:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-04T23:49:24Z", "ms": 118626564310.13553 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-06T10:11:01+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T02:11:01Z", "ms": 118721460721.30592 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-05T07:49:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-04T23:49:24Z", "ms": 118626564310.13553 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-06T10:11:01+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T02:11:01Z", "ms": 118721460721.30592 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-05T12:33:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-05T04:33:29Z", "ms": 118643608780.04402 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-05T13:21:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-05T05:21:29Z", "ms": 118646488780.04402 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-06T12:33:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T04:33:11Z", "ms": 118729990919.79256 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-06T13:21:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T05:21:11Z", "ms": 118732870919.79256 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 07:49 on Fri 5 Oct to 10:11 on Sat 6 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-04T23:49:24Z → 1973-10-06T02:11:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:33–13:21 on the 5th, 12:33–13:21 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 8530 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahānavamī, Kunming, 1973: Friday 5 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahanavami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Mahanavami (purvaviddha) (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha covering one muhurta from sunrise)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Mahānavamī 1973 falls on Friday 5 October. Navamī runs from 07:49 on Fri 5 Oct to 10:11 on Sat 6 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/mahanavami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vijaya-dashami", "festival": "vijaya-dashami", "name": "Vijayā Daśamī", "everyday": "Dussehra", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-07", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 11022, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 9, "key": "dashami", "name": "Daśamī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-06T10:11:01+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T02:11:01Z", "ms": 118721460721.30592 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-07T12:03:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-07T04:03:22Z", "ms": 118814601702.55977 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "conjunction", "start": { "local": "1973-10-06T15:47:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T07:47:24Z", "ms": 118741643875.33794 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-07T12:03:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-07T04:03:22Z", "ms": 118814601702.55977 }, "nakshatra": { "type": "nakshatra", "index": 21, "key": "shravana", "name": "Śravaṇa", "start": { "local": "1973-10-06T15:47:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T07:47:24Z", "ms": 118741643875.33794 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-07T18:04:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-07T10:04:11Z", "ms": 118836250666.18271 } } }, "kaala": "daytime", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-06T07:03:16+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-05T23:03:16Z", "ms": 118710196068.9138 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-06T18:51:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T10:51:06Z", "ms": 118752665770.67131 } }, "covered_min": 184, "window_min": 708, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-07T07:03:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T23:03:42Z", "ms": 118796621711.64444 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-07T18:50:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-07T10:50:05Z", "ms": 118839005148.93518 } }, "covered_min": 300, "window_min": 706, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Daśamī runs from 10:11 on Sat 6 Oct to 12:03 on Sun 7 Oct, and Śravaṇa from 15:47 on Sat 6 Oct to 18:04 on Sun 7 Oct. They are together from 15:47 on Sat 6 Oct to 12:03 on Sun 7 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-06T07:47:24Z → 1973-10-07T04:03:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day time is sunrise to sunset: 07:03–18:51 on the 6th, 07:04–18:50 on the 7th.", "fact": "daytime: sunrise-to-sunset · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Where Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time, that day is taken. Together they cover 184 of 708 minutes on the 6th and 300 of 706 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both days qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 11022 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Daśamī, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 7 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vijaya-dashami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 10 Vijaya dasami (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha, covering one muhurta from sunrise. In other places, if it touches Sravana naksatra in the day time it is observed on that day), Sarasvati visarjana (to be observed in naksatra Sravana), Dasahara." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day", "conjunction": { "nakshatra": "Śravaṇa", "kaala": "daytime" } }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-07", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-07", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vijayā Daśamī (Dussehra) 1973 falls on Sunday 7 October. Daśamī runs from 10:11 on Sat 6 Oct to 12:03 on Sun 7 Oct and is with Śravaṇa in the day time that day, for 300 minutes. They are together in the day time on the previous day too, for 184 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the day they share longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vijaya-dashami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-10-08", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17980, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-07T12:03:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-07T04:03:22Z", "ms": 118814601702.55977 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-08T13:16:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-08T05:16:32Z", "ms": 118905392315.84734 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-07T12:03:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-07T04:03:22Z", "ms": 118814601702.55977 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-08T13:16:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-08T05:16:32Z", "ms": 118905392315.84734 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-07T07:03:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T23:03:42Z", "ms": 118796621711.64444 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-07T07:03:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T23:03:42Z", "ms": 118796621711.64444 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-08T07:04:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-07T23:04:08Z", "ms": 118883047657.9635 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-08T07:04:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-07T23:04:08Z", "ms": 118883047657.9635 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:03 on Sun 7 Oct to 13:17 on Mon 8 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-07T04:03:22Z → 1973-10-08T05:16:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:04 on the 7th and 07:04 on the 8th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 7th and is on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17980 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Monday 8 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Monday 8 October. Ekādaśī runs from 12:03 on Sun 7 Oct to 13:17 on Mon 8 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-10-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-10-09", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18137, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-09T13:45:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-09T05:45:48Z", "ms": 118993548016.97772 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-10T13:31:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-10T05:31:15Z", "ms": 119079075441.40935 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-09T13:45:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-09T05:45:48Z", "ms": 118993548016.97772 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-10T13:31:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-10T05:31:15Z", "ms": 119079075441.40935 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-09T18:48:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-09T10:48:05Z", "ms": 119011685371.26465 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-09T20:26:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-09T12:26:21Z", "ms": 119017580724.09305 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-10T18:47:06+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-10T10:47:06Z", "ms": 119098026272.43588 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-10T20:25:33+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-10T12:25:33Z", "ms": 119103933097.45193 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:46 on Tue 9 Oct to 13:31 on Wed 10 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-09T05:45:48Z → 1973-10-10T05:31:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:48–20:26 on the 9th, 18:47–20:26 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 98 of 98 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 98 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18137 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 9 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Tuesday 9 October. Trayodaśī runs from 13:46 on Tue 9 Oct to 13:31 on Wed 10 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-10-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/karaka-chaturthi", "festival": "karaka-chaturthi", "name": "Karaka Caturthī", "everyday": "Karwa Chauth", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18582, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-15T04:42:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-14T20:42:56Z", "ms": 119479376314.45082 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-16T02:18:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-15T18:18:26Z", "ms": 119557106114.78772 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-15T04:42:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-14T20:42:56Z", "ms": 119479376314.45082 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-16T02:18:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-15T18:18:26Z", "ms": 119557106114.78772 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-14T20:13:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-14T12:13:38Z", "ms": 119448818191.4241 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-14T20:13:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-14T12:13:38Z", "ms": 119448818191.4241 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-15T21:08:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-15T13:08:44Z", "ms": 119538523907.19731 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-15T21:08:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-15T13:08:44Z", "ms": 119538523907.19731 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:43 on Mon 15 Oct to 02:18 on Tue 16 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-14T20:42:56Z → 1973-10-15T18:18:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:14 on the 14th and 21:09 on the 15th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 14th and is on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 18582 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Karaka Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Monday 15 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "karaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Karaka caturthi (current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Karaka Caturthī (Karwa Chauth) 1973 falls on Monday 15 October. Caturthī runs from 04:43 on Mon 15 Oct to 02:18 on Tue 16 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/karaka-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-10-15", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18582, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-15T04:42:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-14T20:42:56Z", "ms": 119479376314.45082 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-16T02:18:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-15T18:18:26Z", "ms": 119557106114.78772 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-15T04:42:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-14T20:42:56Z", "ms": 119479376314.45082 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-16T02:18:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-15T18:18:26Z", "ms": 119557106114.78772 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-14T20:13:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-14T12:13:38Z", "ms": 119448818191.4241 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-14T20:13:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-14T12:13:38Z", "ms": 119448818191.4241 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-15T21:08:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-15T13:08:44Z", "ms": 119538523907.19731 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-15T21:08:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-15T13:08:44Z", "ms": 119538523907.19731 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:43 on Mon 15 Oct to 02:18 on Tue 16 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-14T20:42:56Z → 1973-10-15T18:18:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:14 on the 14th and 21:09 on the 15th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 14th and is on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18582 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Monday 15 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Monday 15 October. Caturthī runs from 04:43 on Mon 15 Oct to 02:18 on Tue 16 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-10-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ahoyi-ashtami", "festival": "ahoyi-ashtami", "name": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17077, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-18T19:32:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-18T11:32:28Z", "ms": 119791948095.90929 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-19T17:35:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-19T09:35:42Z", "ms": 119871341802.85246 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-18T19:32:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-18T11:32:28Z", "ms": 119791948095.90929 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-19T17:35:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-19T09:35:42Z", "ms": 119871341802.85246 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-19T00:17:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-18T16:17:05Z", "ms": 119809024888.44936 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-19T00:17:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-18T16:17:05Z", "ms": 119809024888.44936 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-20T01:20:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-19T17:20:39Z", "ms": 119899239276.39795 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-20T01:20:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-19T17:20:39Z", "ms": 119899239276.39795 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 19:32 on Thu 18 Oct to 17:36 on Fri 19 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-18T11:32:28Z → 1973-10-19T09:35:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 00:17 on the 18th and 01:21 on the 19th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 18th and is not on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17077 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 18 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ahoyi-ashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Ahoyi astami (Gujerat) (current at moonrise), Karastami (Maharashtra). If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Ahoyī Aṣṭamī 1973 falls on Thursday 18 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 19:32 on Thu 18 Oct to 17:36 on Fri 19 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ahoyi-ashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-10-22", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ramā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21012, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-21T14:18:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-21T06:18:35Z", "ms": 120032315344.02528 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-22T13:01:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T05:01:03Z", "ms": 120114062810.26718 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-21T14:18:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-21T06:18:35Z", "ms": 120032315344.02528 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-22T13:01:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T05:01:03Z", "ms": 120114062810.26718 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-21T07:10:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-20T23:10:19Z", "ms": 120006619162.39224 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-21T07:10:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-20T23:10:19Z", "ms": 120006619162.39224 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-22T07:10:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-21T23:10:51Z", "ms": 120093050801.01915 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-22T07:10:51+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-21T23:10:51Z", "ms": 120093050801.01915 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:19 on Sun 21 Oct to 13:01 on Mon 22 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-21T06:18:35Z → 1973-10-22T05:01:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:10 on the 21st and 07:11 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21012 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ramā Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Monday 22 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Ramā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Monday 22 October. Ekādaśī runs from 14:19 on Sun 21 Oct to 13:01 on Mon 22 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-10-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/govatsa-dvadashi", "festival": "govatsa-dvadashi", "name": "Govatsa Dvādaśī", "everyday": "Vasu Baras", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20107, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 26, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-22T13:01:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T05:01:03Z", "ms": 120114062810.26718 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-23T12:00:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T04:00:29Z", "ms": 120196829215.67635 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-22T13:01:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T05:01:03Z", "ms": 120114062810.26718 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-23T12:00:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T04:00:29Z", "ms": 120196829215.67635 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-22T18:36:10+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T10:36:10Z", "ms": 120134169793.85661 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-22T20:16:52+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T12:16:52Z", "ms": 120140211542.79199 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-23T18:35:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T10:35:20Z", "ms": 120220520356.19261 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-23T20:16:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T12:16:13Z", "ms": 120226573041.0128 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 13:01 on Mon 22 Oct to 12:00 on Tue 23 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-22T05:01:03Z → 1973-10-23T04:00:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:36–20:17 on the 22nd, 18:35–20:16 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 101 of 101 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 101 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 20107 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govatsa Dvādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Monday 22 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govatsa-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 12 Govatsa dvadasi (pradosa vyapini). If occurs on two days, it is to be observed on the first day." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vasu Baras) 1973 falls on Monday 22 October. Dvādaśī runs from 13:01 on Mon 22 Oct to 12:00 on Tue 23 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/govatsa-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/yama-dipadana", "festival": "yama-dipadana", "name": "Yama Dīpadāna", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23691, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-23T12:00:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T04:00:29Z", "ms": 120196829215.67635 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-24T11:20:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z", "ms": 120280812653.85739 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-23T12:00:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T04:00:29Z", "ms": 120196829215.67635 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-24T11:20:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z", "ms": 120280812653.85739 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-23T18:35:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T10:35:20Z", "ms": 120220520356.19261 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-23T20:16:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T12:16:13Z", "ms": 120226573041.0128 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-24T18:34:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T10:34:32Z", "ms": 120306871850.2948 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-24T20:15:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T12:15:35Z", "ms": 120312935409.53014 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 12:00 on Tue 23 Oct to 11:20 on Wed 24 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-23T04:00:29Z → 1973-10-24T03:20:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:35–20:16 on the 23rd, 18:35–20:16 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 101 of 101 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 101 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23691 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dīpadāna, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 23 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dipadana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 13 Yama dipadana (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Yama Dīpadāna 1973 falls on Tuesday 23 October. Trayodaśī runs from 12:00 on Tue 23 Oct to 11:20 on Wed 24 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/yama-dipadana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-10-23", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23691, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-23T12:00:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T04:00:29Z", "ms": 120196829215.67635 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-24T11:20:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z", "ms": 120280812653.85739 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-23T12:00:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T04:00:29Z", "ms": 120196829215.67635 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-24T11:20:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z", "ms": 120280812653.85739 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-23T18:35:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T10:35:20Z", "ms": 120220520356.19261 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-23T20:16:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T12:16:13Z", "ms": 120226573041.0128 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-24T18:34:32+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T10:34:32Z", "ms": 120306871850.2948 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-24T20:15:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T12:15:35Z", "ms": 120312935409.53014 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 12:00 on Tue 23 Oct to 11:20 on Wed 24 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-23T04:00:29Z → 1973-10-24T03:20:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:35–20:16 on the 23rd, 18:35–20:16 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 101 of 101 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 101 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23691 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 23 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Tuesday 23 October. Trayodaśī runs from 12:00 on Tue 23 Oct to 11:20 on Wed 24 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-10-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-10-24", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35201, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-24T11:20:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z", "ms": 120280812653.85739 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-25T11:04:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z", "ms": 120366250742.83867 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-24T11:20:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z", "ms": 120280812653.85739 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-25T11:04:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z", "ms": 120366250742.83867 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-24T00:29:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T16:29:38Z", "ms": 120241777924.26831 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-24T01:17:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T17:17:38Z", "ms": 120244657924.26831 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-25T00:29:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T16:29:30Z", "ms": 120328170197.42734 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-25T01:17:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T17:17:30Z", "ms": 120331050197.42734 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 11:20 on Wed 24 Oct to 11:04 on Thu 25 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z → 1973-10-25T03:04:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:30–01:18 on the 23rd, 00:30–01:18 on the 24th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35201 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 24 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Wednesday 24 October. Caturdaśī runs from 11:20 on Wed 24 Oct to 11:04 on Thu 25 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-10-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/naraka-chaturdashi", "festival": "naraka-chaturdashi", "name": "Naraka Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Choti Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13902, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-24T11:20:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z", "ms": 120280812653.85739 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-25T11:04:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z", "ms": 120366250742.83867 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-24T11:20:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z", "ms": 120280812653.85739 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-25T11:04:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z", "ms": 120366250742.83867 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-24T05:31:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T21:31:03Z", "ms": 120259862807.5238 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-24T07:11:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T23:11:55Z", "ms": 120265915492.344 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-25T05:31:25+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T21:31:25Z", "ms": 120346284985.32452 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-25T07:12:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T23:12:29Z", "ms": 120352348544.55986 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 11:20 on Wed 24 Oct to 11:04 on Thu 25 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z → 1973-10-25T03:04:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:31–07:12 on the 24th, 05:31–07:12 on the 25th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 101 minutes on the 24th and 101 of 101 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 13902 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Naraka Caturdaśī, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 25 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naraka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Naraka caturdasi (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Naraka Caturdaśī (Choti Diwali) 1973 falls on Thursday 25 October. Caturdaśī runs from 11:20 on Wed 24 Oct to 11:04 on Thu 25 Oct and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/naraka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "festival": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "name": "Lakṣmī Pūjā", "everyday": "Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26188, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1973-10-25T11:04:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z", "ms": 120366250742.83867 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-26T11:16:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-25T11:04:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z", "ms": 120366250742.83867 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-26T11:16:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-25T18:33:44+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T10:33:44Z", "ms": 120393224298.87285 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-25T20:14:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T12:14:59Z", "ms": 120399298667.76155 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T18:32:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T10:32:58Z", "ms": 120479577724.20941 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-26T20:14:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T12:14:23Z", "ms": 120485662834.6294 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 11:04 on Thu 25 Oct to 11:17 on Fri 26 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z → 1973-10-26T03:16:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:34–20:15 on the 25th, 18:33–20:14 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 101 of 101 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 101 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26188 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pūjā, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 25 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali) 1973 falls on Thursday 25 October. Amāvasyā runs from 11:04 on Thu 25 Oct to 11:17 on Fri 26 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/kali-puja", "festival": "kali-puja", "name": "Kālī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35201, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1973-10-25T11:04:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z", "ms": 120366250742.83867 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-26T11:16:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-25T11:04:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z", "ms": 120366250742.83867 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-26T11:16:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-25T00:29:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T16:29:30Z", "ms": 120328170197.42734 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-25T01:17:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T17:17:30Z", "ms": 120331050197.42734 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T00:29:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T16:29:23Z", "ms": 120414563182.2055 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-26T01:17:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T17:17:23Z", "ms": 120417443182.2055 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 11:04 on Thu 25 Oct to 11:17 on Fri 26 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z → 1973-10-26T03:16:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:30–01:18 on the 24th, 00:29–01:17 on the 25th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 48 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35201 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kālī Pūjā, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 25 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kālī Pūjā 1973 falls on Thursday 25 October. Amāvasyā runs from 11:04 on Thu 25 Oct to 11:17 on Fri 26 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/kali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/govardhana-puja", "festival": "govardhana-puja", "name": "Govardhana Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1695, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T11:16:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T12:00:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z", "ms": 120542438641.21603 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T11:16:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T12:00:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z", "ms": 120542438641.21603 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T12:29:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T04:29:00Z", "ms": 120457739894.87378 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-26T13:17:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T05:17:00Z", "ms": 120460619894.87378 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-27T12:28:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:28:54Z", "ms": 120544134100.35947 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T13:16:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T05:16:54Z", "ms": 120547014100.35947 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 11:17 on Fri 26 Oct to 12:01 on Sat 27 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z → 1973-10-27T04:00:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 26th, 12:29–13:17 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1695 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govardhana Pūjā, Kunming, 1973: Friday 26 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govardhana-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Govardhana Pūjā 1973 falls on Friday 26 October. Pratipadā runs from 11:17 on Fri 26 Oct to 12:01 on Sat 27 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/govardhana-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/bali-puja", "festival": "bali-puja", "name": "Bali Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23494, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T11:16:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T12:00:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z", "ms": 120542438641.21603 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T11:16:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T12:00:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z", "ms": 120542438641.21603 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T18:32:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T10:32:58Z", "ms": 120479577724.20941 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-26T20:14:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T12:14:23Z", "ms": 120485662834.6294 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-27T18:32:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T10:32:12Z", "ms": 120565932148.35966 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T20:13:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T12:13:48Z", "ms": 120572027928.75557 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 11:17 on Fri 26 Oct to 12:01 on Sat 27 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z → 1973-10-27T04:00:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:33–20:14 on the 26th, 18:32–20:14 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 101 of 101 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 102 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23494 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bali Pūjā, Kunming, 1973: Friday 26 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Bali Pūjā 1973 falls on Friday 26 October. Pratipadā runs from 11:17 on Fri 26 Oct to 12:01 on Sat 27 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/bali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/yama-dvitiya", "festival": "yama-dvitiya", "name": "Yama Dvitīyā", "everyday": "Bhai Dooj", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-27", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 96, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-10-27T12:00:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z", "ms": 120542438641.21603 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-28T13:18:25+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-28T05:18:25Z", "ms": 120633504913.37921 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-27T12:00:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z", "ms": 120542438641.21603 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-28T13:18:25+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-28T05:18:25Z", "ms": 120633504913.37921 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-27T12:28:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:28:54Z", "ms": 120544134100.35947 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T13:16:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T05:16:54Z", "ms": 120547014100.35947 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-28T12:28:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-28T04:28:49Z", "ms": 120630529047.32071 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-28T13:16:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-28T05:16:49Z", "ms": 120633409047.32071 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 12:01 on Sat 27 Oct to 13:18 on Sun 28 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z → 1973-10-28T05:18:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 27th, 12:29–13:17 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 96 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dvitīyā, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dvitiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Bhratrdvitiya, Yamadvitiya (madhyahna, purvaviddha), Masyadhara (Dwat) puja (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-27", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Yama Dvitīyā (Bhai Dooj) 1973 falls on Saturday 27 October. Dvitīyā runs from 12:01 on Sat 27 Oct to 13:18 on Sun 28 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken. It is 1 min 36 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/yama-dvitiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/dyuta-pratipad", "festival": "dyuta-pratipad", "name": "Dyūta Pratipad", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1009, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T11:16:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T12:00:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z", "ms": 120542438641.21603 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T11:16:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T12:00:39+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z", "ms": 120542438641.21603 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T07:13:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T23:13:02Z", "ms": 120438782065.53815 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-26T10:59:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T02:59:41Z", "ms": 120452380618.42857 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 227, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-27T07:13:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T23:13:36Z", "ms": 120525216052.35928 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T10:59:48+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T02:59:48Z", "ms": 120538788084.3594 } }, "covered_min": 226, "window_min": 226, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 11:17 on Fri 26 Oct to 12:01 on Sat 27 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z → 1973-10-27T04:00:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 07:13–11:00 on the 26th, 07:14–11:00 on the 27th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 227 minutes on the 26th and 226 of 226 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1009 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dyūta Pratipad, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dyuta-pratipad", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Dyūta Pratipad 1973 falls on Saturday 27 October. Pratipadā runs from 11:17 on Fri 26 Oct to 12:01 on Sat 27 Oct and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/dyuta-pratipad", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/naga-chaturthi", "festival": "naga-chaturthi", "name": "Nāga Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6725, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-29T15:08:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-29T07:08:50Z", "ms": 120726529791.36119 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-30T17:27:07+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-30T09:27:07Z", "ms": 120821226971.16505 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-29T15:08:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-29T07:08:50Z", "ms": 120726529791.36119 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-30T17:27:07+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-30T09:27:07Z", "ms": 120821226971.16505 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-29T12:28:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-29T04:28:45Z", "ms": 120716924744.60141 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-29T13:16:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-29T05:16:45Z", "ms": 120719804744.60141 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-30T12:28:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-30T04:28:41Z", "ms": 120803321200.81424 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-30T13:16:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-30T05:16:41Z", "ms": 120806201200.81424 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:09 on Mon 29 Oct to 17:27 on Tue 30 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-29T07:08:50Z → 1973-10-30T09:27:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 29th, 12:29–13:17 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6725 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Naga caturthi (paraviddha and madhyahnavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Nāga Caturthī 1973 falls on Tuesday 30 October. Caturthī runs from 15:09 on Mon 29 Oct to 17:27 on Tue 30 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/naga-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-10-30", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6725, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-29T15:08:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-29T07:08:50Z", "ms": 120726529791.36119 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-30T17:27:07+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-30T09:27:07Z", "ms": 120821226971.16505 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-29T15:08:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-29T07:08:50Z", "ms": 120726529791.36119 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-30T17:27:07+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-30T09:27:07Z", "ms": 120821226971.16505 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-29T12:28:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-29T04:28:45Z", "ms": 120716924744.60141 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-29T13:16:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-29T05:16:45Z", "ms": 120719804744.60141 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-30T12:28:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-30T04:28:41Z", "ms": 120803321200.81424 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-30T13:16:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-30T05:16:41Z", "ms": 120806201200.81424 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:09 on Mon 29 Oct to 17:27 on Tue 30 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-29T07:08:50Z → 1973-10-30T09:27:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 29th, 12:29–13:17 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6725 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Tuesday 30 October. Caturthī runs from 15:09 on Mon 29 Oct to 17:27 on Tue 30 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-10-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/surya-shashthi", "festival": "surya-shashthi", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī", "everyday": "Chhath", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24455, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-31T20:04:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-31T12:04:13Z", "ms": 120917053359.24516 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-01T22:47:14+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-01T14:47:14Z", "ms": 121013233791.28127 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-31T20:04:13+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-31T12:04:13Z", "ms": 120917053359.24516 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-01T22:47:14+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-01T14:47:14Z", "ms": 121013233791.28127 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-31T12:28:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-31T04:28:38Z", "ms": 120889718424.36458 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-31T13:16:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-10-31T05:16:38Z", "ms": 120892598424.36458 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-01T12:28:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-01T04:28:36Z", "ms": 120976116423.4774 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-01T13:16:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-01T05:16:36Z", "ms": 120978996423.4774 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:04 on Wed 31 Oct to 22:47 on Thu 1 Nov.", "fact": "1973-10-31T12:04:13Z → 1973-11-01T14:47:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 31st, 12:29–13:17 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24455 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 1 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Nadi sasthi, Skanda sasthi (Madras), Surya sasthi, Chhat (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Chhath) 1973 falls on Thursday 1 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:04 on Wed 31 Oct to 22:47 on Thu 1 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/surya-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/gopashtami", "festival": "gopashtami", "name": "Gopāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32325, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-03T01:20:52+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-02T17:20:52Z", "ms": 121108851653.26466 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-04T03:29:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T19:29:50Z", "ms": 121202990048.40906 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-03T01:20:52+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-02T17:20:52Z", "ms": 121108851653.26466 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-04T03:29:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T19:29:50Z", "ms": 121202990048.40906 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-03T12:28:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T04:28:35Z", "ms": 121148914780.10666 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-03T13:16:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T05:16:35Z", "ms": 121151794780.10666 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-04T12:28:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T04:28:35Z", "ms": 121235315152.67337 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-04T13:16:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T05:16:35Z", "ms": 121238195152.67337 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 01:21 on Sat 3 Nov to 03:30 on Sun 4 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-02T17:20:52Z → 1973-11-03T19:29:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 3rd, 12:29–13:17 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32325 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gopāṣṭamī, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gopashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Gopāṣṭamī 1973 falls on Saturday 3 November. Aṣṭamī runs from 01:21 on Sat 3 Nov to 03:30 on Sun 4 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/gopashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/akshaya-navami", "festival": "akshaya-navami", "name": "Akṣaya Navamī", "everyday": "Amla Navami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8261, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-04T03:29:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T19:29:50Z", "ms": 121202990048.40906 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-05T05:01:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T21:01:21Z", "ms": 121294881261.09454 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-04T03:29:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T19:29:50Z", "ms": 121202990048.40906 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-05T05:01:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T21:01:21Z", "ms": 121294881261.09454 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-04T07:18:24+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T23:18:24Z", "ms": 121216704157.14012 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-04T11:01:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T03:01:11Z", "ms": 121230071487.49562 } }, "covered_min": 223, "window_min": 223, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-05T07:19:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T23:19:02Z", "ms": 121303142105.59874 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-05T11:01:25+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-05T03:01:25Z", "ms": 121316484922.6259 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 222, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 03:30 on Sun 4 Nov to 05:01 on Mon 5 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-03T19:29:50Z → 1973-11-04T21:01:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 07:18–11:01 on the 4th, 07:19–11:01 on the 5th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 223 of 223 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 222 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8261 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Navamī, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 4 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Akṣaya Navamī (Amla Navami) 1973 falls on Sunday 4 November. Navamī runs from 03:30 on Sun 4 Nov to 05:01 on Mon 5 Nov and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/akshaya-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/durga-navami", "festival": "durga-navami", "name": "Durgā Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26835, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-04T03:29:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T19:29:50Z", "ms": 121202990048.40906 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-05T05:01:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T21:01:21Z", "ms": 121294881261.09454 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-04T03:29:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T19:29:50Z", "ms": 121202990048.40906 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-05T05:01:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T21:01:21Z", "ms": 121294881261.09454 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-04T12:28:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T04:28:35Z", "ms": 121235315152.67337 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-04T13:16:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T05:16:35Z", "ms": 121238195152.67337 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-05T12:28:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-05T04:28:36Z", "ms": 121321716331.13947 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-05T13:16:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-05T05:16:36Z", "ms": 121324596331.13947 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 03:30 on Sun 4 Nov to 05:01 on Mon 5 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-03T19:29:50Z → 1973-11-04T21:01:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 4th, 12:29–13:17 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26835 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Navamī, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 4 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Durgā Navamī 1973 falls on Sunday 4 November. Navamī runs from 03:30 on Sun 4 Nov to 05:01 on Mon 5 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/durga-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-11-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5564, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-06T05:46:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-05T21:46:56Z", "ms": 121384016380.21793 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-07T05:43:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-06T21:43:08Z", "ms": 121470187858.9791 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-06T05:46:56+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-05T21:46:56Z", "ms": 121384016380.21793 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-07T05:43:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-06T21:43:08Z", "ms": 121470187858.9791 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-06T07:19:40+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-05T23:19:40Z", "ms": 121389580459.7005 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-06T07:19:40+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-05T23:19:40Z", "ms": 121389580459.7005 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-07T07:20:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-06T23:20:19Z", "ms": 121476019211.1909 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-07T07:20:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-06T23:20:19Z", "ms": 121476019211.1909 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:47 on Tue 6 Nov to 05:43 on Wed 7 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-05T21:46:56Z → 1973-11-06T21:43:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:20 on the 6th and 07:20 on the 7th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 6th and is not on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5564 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 6 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Prabodhinī Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Tuesday 6 November. Ekādaśī runs from 05:47 on Tue 6 Nov to 05:43 on Wed 7 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-11-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-11-08", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25666, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-08T04:51:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-07T20:51:09Z", "ms": 121553468983.4523 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-09T03:15:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-08T19:15:55Z", "ms": 121634154532.46758 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-08T04:51:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-07T20:51:09Z", "ms": 121553468983.4523 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-09T03:15:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-08T19:15:55Z", "ms": 121634154532.46758 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-07T18:25:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-07T10:25:03Z", "ms": 121515903057.05017 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-07T20:08:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-07T12:08:30Z", "ms": 121522110429.67645 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-08T18:24:31+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-08T10:24:31Z", "ms": 121602271193.8004 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-08T20:08:08+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-08T12:08:08Z", "ms": 121608488084.3681 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 04:51 on Thu 8 Nov to 03:16 on Fri 9 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-07T20:51:09Z → 1973-11-08T19:15:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:25–20:09 on the 7th, 18:25–20:08 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 103 minutes on the 7th and 104 of 104 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25666 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 8 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Thursday 8 November. Trayodaśī runs from 04:51 on Thu 8 Nov to 03:16 on Fri 9 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-11-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/rasayatra", "festival": "rasayatra", "name": "Rāsayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 740, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-11-10T01:04:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-09T17:04:49Z", "ms": 121712689295.71483 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-10T22:26:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-10T14:26:42Z", "ms": 121789602364.17601 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-10T01:04:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-09T17:04:49Z", "ms": 121712689295.71483 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-10T22:26:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-10T14:26:42Z", "ms": 121789602364.17601 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-10T00:29:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-09T16:29:09Z", "ms": 121710549192.59369 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-10T01:17:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-09T17:17:09Z", "ms": 121713429192.59369 } }, "covered_min": 12, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-11T00:29:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-10T16:29:15Z", "ms": 121796954688.94385 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-11T01:17:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-10T17:17:15Z", "ms": 121799834688.94385 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 01:05 on Sat 10 Nov to 22:27 on Sat 10 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-09T17:04:49Z → 1973-11-10T14:26:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:29–01:17 on the 9th, 00:29–01:17 on the 10th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during niśītha. It covers 12 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 740 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāsayātrā, Kunming, 1973: Friday 9 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rasayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Rāsayātrā 1973 falls on Friday 9 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 01:05 on Sat 10 Nov to 22:27 on Sat 10 Nov and covers 12 of 48 minutes of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/rasayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/kartiki-purnima", "festival": "kartiki-purnima", "name": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32988, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-11-10T01:04:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-09T17:04:49Z", "ms": 121712689295.71483 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-10T22:26:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-10T14:26:42Z", "ms": 121789602364.17601 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-10T01:04:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-09T17:04:49Z", "ms": 121712689295.71483 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-10T22:26:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-10T14:26:42Z", "ms": 121789602364.17601 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-09T12:28:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-09T04:28:49Z", "ms": 121667329245.74232 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-09T13:16:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-09T05:16:49Z", "ms": 121670209245.74232 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-10T12:28:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-10T04:28:55Z", "ms": 121753734560.24149 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-10T13:16:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-10T05:16:55Z", "ms": 121756614560.24149 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 01:05 on Sat 10 Nov to 22:27 on Sat 10 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-09T17:04:49Z → 1973-11-10T14:26:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 9th, 12:29–13:17 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32988 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 10 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kartiki-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kārtikī Pūrṇimā 1973 falls on Saturday 10 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 01:05 on Sat 10 Nov to 22:27 on Sat 10 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/kartiki-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-11-13", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27519, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-13T13:22:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-13T05:22:37Z", "ms": 122016156800.82979 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-14T10:26:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-14T02:26:28Z", "ms": 122091988008.28162 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-13T13:22:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-13T05:22:37Z", "ms": 122016156800.82979 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-14T10:26:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-14T02:26:28Z", "ms": 122091988008.28162 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-13T21:01:16+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-13T13:01:16Z", "ms": 122043675772.12639 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-13T21:01:16+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-13T13:01:16Z", "ms": 122043675772.12639 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-14T22:07:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-14T14:07:49Z", "ms": 122134068820.05762 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-14T22:07:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-14T14:07:49Z", "ms": 122134068820.05762 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:23 on Tue 13 Nov to 10:26 on Wed 14 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-13T05:22:37Z → 1973-11-14T02:26:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:01 on the 13th and 22:08 on the 14th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 13th and is not on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27519 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 13 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Tuesday 13 November. Caturthī runs from 13:23 on Tue 13 Nov to 10:26 on Wed 14 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-11-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-11-20", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Utpannā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26446, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-20T00:08:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-19T16:08:28Z", "ms": 122573308420.57472 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-20T23:58:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-20T15:58:47Z", "ms": 122659127382.572 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-20T00:08:28+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-19T16:08:28Z", "ms": 122573308420.57472 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-20T23:58:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-20T15:58:47Z", "ms": 122659127382.572 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-20T07:29:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-19T23:29:15Z", "ms": 122599754513.9528 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-20T07:29:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-19T23:29:15Z", "ms": 122599754513.9528 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-11-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-21T07:29:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-20T23:29:58Z", "ms": 122686197555.96346 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-21T07:29:58+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-20T23:29:58Z", "ms": 122686197555.96346 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:08 on Tue 20 Nov to 23:59 on Tue 20 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-19T16:08:28Z → 1973-11-20T15:58:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:29 on the 20th and 07:30 on the 21st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26446 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Utpannā Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Tuesday 20 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Utpannā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Tuesday 20 November. Ekādaśī runs from 00:08 on Tue 20 Nov to 23:59 on Tue 20 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-11-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-11-22", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15103, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-22T00:16:52+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-21T16:16:52Z", "ms": 122746612293.31874 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-23T01:02:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-22T17:02:34Z", "ms": 122835753754.5749 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-22T00:16:52+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-21T16:16:52Z", "ms": 122746612293.31874 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-23T01:02:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-22T17:02:34Z", "ms": 122835753754.5749 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-21T18:19:42+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-21T10:19:42Z", "ms": 122725181881.77486 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-21T20:05:10+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-21T12:05:10Z", "ms": 122731509729.91182 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-11-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-22T18:19:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-22T10:19:30Z", "ms": 122811569827.79904 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-22T20:05:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-22T12:05:05Z", "ms": 122817905056.41277 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 00:17 on Thu 22 Nov to 01:03 on Fri 23 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-21T16:16:52Z → 1973-11-22T17:02:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:20–20:05 on the 21st, 18:19–20:05 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 105 minutes on the 21st and 106 of 106 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15103 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 22 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Thursday 22 November. Trayodaśī runs from 00:17 on Thu 22 Nov to 01:03 on Fri 23 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-11-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-11-23", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-23", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1013, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-23T01:02:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-22T17:02:34Z", "ms": 122835753754.5749 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-24T02:15:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-23T18:15:34Z", "ms": 122926534092.2739 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-23T01:02:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-22T17:02:34Z", "ms": 122835753754.5749 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-24T02:15:34+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-23T18:15:34Z", "ms": 122926534092.2739 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-23T00:31:27+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-22T16:31:27Z", "ms": 122833886935.10052 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-23T01:19:27+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-22T17:19:27Z", "ms": 122836766935.10052 } }, "covered_min": 17, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-24T00:31:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-23T16:31:43Z", "ms": 122920303350.50378 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-24T01:19:43+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-23T17:19:43Z", "ms": 122923183350.50378 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 01:03 on Fri 23 Nov to 02:16 on Sat 24 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-22T17:02:34Z → 1973-11-23T18:15:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:31–01:19 on the 22nd, 00:32–01:20 on the 23rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 17 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both nights qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1013 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Kunming, 1973: Friday 23 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-23", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-23", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Friday 23 November. Caturdaśī runs from 01:03 on Fri 23 Nov to 02:16 on Sat 24 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night. It also reaches the previous night for 17 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-11-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-11-28", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-28", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1754, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-28T11:04:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-28T03:04:26Z", "ms": 123303866093.35506 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-29T13:50:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-29T05:50:30Z", "ms": 123400229574.34306 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-28T11:04:26+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-28T03:04:26Z", "ms": 123303866093.35506 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-29T13:50:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-29T05:50:30Z", "ms": 123400229574.34306 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-28T12:32:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-28T04:32:55Z", "ms": 123309175097.95132 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-28T13:20:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-28T05:20:55Z", "ms": 123312055097.95132 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-11-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-29T12:33:16+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-29T04:33:16Z", "ms": 123395595965.60342 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-29T13:21:16+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-29T05:21:16Z", "ms": 123398475965.60342 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:04 on Wed 28 Nov to 13:50 on Thu 29 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-28T03:04:26Z → 1973-11-29T05:50:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:33–13:21 on the 28th, 12:33–13:21 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1754 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 28 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-28", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-28", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Wednesday 28 November. Caturthī runs from 11:04 on Wed 28 Nov to 13:50 on Thu 29 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-11-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "festival": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1754, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-29T13:50:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-29T05:50:30Z", "ms": 123400229574.34306 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-30T16:31:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T08:31:20Z", "ms": 123496279811.73566 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-29T13:50:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-29T05:50:30Z", "ms": 123400229574.34306 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-30T16:31:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T08:31:20Z", "ms": 123496279811.73566 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-29T12:33:16+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-29T04:33:16Z", "ms": 123395595965.60342 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-29T13:21:16+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-29T05:21:16Z", "ms": 123398475965.60342 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-30T12:33:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T04:33:38Z", "ms": 123482017512.17928 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-30T13:21:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T05:21:38Z", "ms": 123484897512.17928 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 13:50 on Thu 29 Nov to 16:31 on Fri 30 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-29T05:50:30Z → 1973-11-30T08:31:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:33–13:21 on the 29th, 12:34–13:22 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1754 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa), Kunming, 1973: Friday 30 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (2nd) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa) 1973 falls on Friday 30 November. Pañcamī runs from 13:50 on Thu 29 Nov to 16:31 on Fri 30 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/champa-shashthi", "festival": "champa-shashthi", "name": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11382, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-30T16:31:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T08:31:20Z", "ms": 123496279811.73566 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-01T18:54:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T10:54:18Z", "ms": 123591257815.91216 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-30T16:31:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T08:31:20Z", "ms": 123496279811.73566 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-01T18:54:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T10:54:18Z", "ms": 123591257815.91216 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-30T12:33:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T04:33:38Z", "ms": 123482017512.17928 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-30T13:21:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T05:21:38Z", "ms": 123484897512.17928 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-01T12:34:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T04:34:00Z", "ms": 123568439715.62685 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-01T13:22:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T05:22:00Z", "ms": 123571319715.62685 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 16:31 on Fri 30 Nov to 18:54 on Sat 1 Dec.", "fact": "1973-11-30T08:31:20Z → 1973-12-01T10:54:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:34–13:22 on the 30th, 12:34–13:22 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11382 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 1 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "champa-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Śatabhiṣaj nakṣatra, Vyatīpāta yoga and a Sunday; none is tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Campā Ṣaṣṭhī 1973 falls on Saturday 1 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 16:31 on Fri 30 Nov to 18:54 on Sat 1 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/champa-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/skanda-shashthi", "festival": "skanda-shashthi", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11382, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-30T16:31:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T08:31:20Z", "ms": 123496279811.73566 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-01T18:54:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T10:54:18Z", "ms": 123591257815.91216 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-30T16:31:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T08:31:20Z", "ms": 123496279811.73566 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-01T18:54:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T10:54:18Z", "ms": 123591257815.91216 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-30T12:33:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T04:33:38Z", "ms": 123482017512.17928 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-30T13:21:38+08:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T05:21:38Z", "ms": 123484897512.17928 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-01T12:34:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T04:34:00Z", "ms": 123568439715.62685 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-01T13:22:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T05:22:00Z", "ms": 123571319715.62685 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 16:31 on Fri 30 Nov to 18:54 on Sat 1 Dec.", "fact": "1973-11-30T08:31:20Z → 1973-12-01T10:54:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:34–13:22 on the 30th, 12:34–13:22 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 11382 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 1 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī 1973 falls on Saturday 1 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 16:31 on Fri 30 Nov to 18:54 on Sat 1 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/skanda-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/mitra-saptami", "festival": "mitra-saptami", "name": "Mitra Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19938, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-01T18:54:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T10:54:18Z", "ms": 123591257815.91216 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-02T20:46:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-02T12:46:59Z", "ms": 123684419166.64668 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-01T18:54:18+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T10:54:18Z", "ms": 123591257815.91216 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-02T20:46:59+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-02T12:46:59Z", "ms": 123684419166.64668 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-01T12:34:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T04:34:00Z", "ms": 123568439715.62685 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-01T13:22:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T05:22:00Z", "ms": 123571319715.62685 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-02T12:34:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-02T04:34:23Z", "ms": 123654862553.13617 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-02T13:22:23+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-02T05:22:23Z", "ms": 123657742553.13617 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 18:54 on Sat 1 Dec to 20:47 on Sun 2 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-01T10:54:18Z → 1973-12-02T12:46:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:34–13:22 on the 1st, 12:34–13:22 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 19938 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mitra Saptamī, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 2 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mitra-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Mitra saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Mitra Saptamī 1973 falls on Sunday 2 December. Saptamī runs from 18:54 on Sat 1 Dec to 20:47 on Sun 2 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/mitra-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-12-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34984, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-05T21:57:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-05T13:57:37Z", "ms": 123947856977.83516 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-06T20:42:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-06T12:42:35Z", "ms": 124029755418.05252 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-05T21:57:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-05T13:57:37Z", "ms": 123947856977.83516 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-06T20:42:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-06T12:42:35Z", "ms": 124029755418.05252 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-06T07:40:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-05T23:40:41Z", "ms": 123982840767.78825 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-06T07:40:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-05T23:40:41Z", "ms": 123982840767.78825 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-12-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-07T07:41:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-06T23:41:22Z", "ms": 124069281786.02647 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-07T07:41:22+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-06T23:41:22Z", "ms": 124069281786.02647 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:58 on Wed 5 Dec to 20:43 on Thu 6 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-05T13:57:37Z → 1973-12-06T12:42:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:41 on the 6th and 07:41 on the 7th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 6th and is not on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34984 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 6 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Mokṣadā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Thursday 6 December. Ekādaśī runs from 21:58 on Wed 5 Dec to 20:43 on Thu 6 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-12-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/akhanda-dvadashi", "festival": "akhanda-dvadashi", "name": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19115, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-06T20:42:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-06T12:42:35Z", "ms": 124029755418.05252 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-07T18:43:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-07T10:43:00Z", "ms": 124108980029.12674 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-06T20:42:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-06T12:42:35Z", "ms": 124029755418.05252 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-07T18:43:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-07T10:43:00Z", "ms": 124108980029.12674 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-06T12:36:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-06T04:36:00Z", "ms": 124000559777.59949 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-06T13:24:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-06T05:24:00Z", "ms": 124003439777.59949 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-12-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-07T12:36:25+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-07T04:36:25Z", "ms": 124086985433.00568 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-07T13:24:25+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-07T05:24:25Z", "ms": 124089865433.00568 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 20:43 on Thu 6 Dec to 18:43 on Fri 7 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-06T12:42:35Z → 1973-12-07T10:43:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:36–13:24 on the 6th, 12:36–13:24 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19115 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Friday 7 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akhanda-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Matsya dvadasi, Akhanda dvadasi (paraviddha), Vyanjana dvadasi & Dana dvadasi (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī 1973 falls on Friday 7 December. Dvādaśī runs from 20:43 on Thu 6 Dec to 18:43 on Fri 7 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/akhanda-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-12-07", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1411, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-07T18:43:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-07T10:43:00Z", "ms": 124108980029.12674 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-08T16:05:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-08T08:05:54Z", "ms": 124185953521.3204 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-07T18:43:00+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-07T10:43:00Z", "ms": 124108980029.12674 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-08T16:05:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-08T08:05:54Z", "ms": 124185953521.3204 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-07T18:19:29+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-07T10:19:29Z", "ms": 124107569079.98486 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-07T20:06:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-07T12:06:30Z", "ms": 124113989516.83704 } }, "covered_min": 83, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-12-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-08T18:19:41+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-08T10:19:41Z", "ms": 124193980804.62906 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-08T20:06:45+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-08T12:06:45Z", "ms": 124200405023.11513 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 18:43 on Fri 7 Dec to 16:06 on Sat 8 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-07T10:43:00Z → 1973-12-08T08:05:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:19–20:06 on the 7th, 18:20–20:07 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 83 of 107 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 107 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1411 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Friday 7 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Friday 7 December. Trayodaśī runs from 18:43 on Fri 7 Dec to 16:06 on Sat 8 Dec and covers 83 of 107 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-12-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/dattatreyotpatti", "festival": "dattatreyotpatti", "name": "Dattātreyotpatti", "everyday": "Datta Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19199, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-12-09T12:59:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-09T04:59:55Z", "ms": 124261194802.03659 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-10T09:34:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-10T01:34:36Z", "ms": 124335276163.9761 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-09T12:59:55+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-09T04:59:55Z", "ms": 124261194802.03659 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-10T09:34:36+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-10T01:34:36Z", "ms": 124335276163.9761 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-09T18:19:54+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-09T10:19:54Z", "ms": 124280393950.05406 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-09T20:07:02+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-09T12:07:02Z", "ms": 124286821691.62732 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-10T18:20:09+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-10T10:20:09Z", "ms": 124366808504.51721 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-10T20:07:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-10T12:07:20Z", "ms": 124373239507.58372 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 13:00 on Sun 9 Dec to 09:35 on Mon 10 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-09T04:59:55Z → 1973-12-10T01:34:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:20–20:07 on the 9th, 18:20–20:07 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 107 of 107 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 107 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19199 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dattātreyotpatti, Kunming, 1973: Sunday 9 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dattatreyotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Dattatreyotpatti (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Dattātreyotpatti (Datta Jayanti) 1973 falls on Sunday 9 December. Pūrṇimā runs from 13:00 on Sun 9 Dec to 09:35 on Mon 10 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/dattatreyotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-12-12", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-12", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 7426, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-12T23:01:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-12T15:01:03Z", "ms": 124556463428.16692 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-13T19:55:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-13T11:55:20Z", "ms": 124631719611.51155 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-12T23:01:03+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-12T15:01:03Z", "ms": 124556463428.16692 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-13T19:55:20+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-13T11:55:20Z", "ms": 124631719611.51155 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-12T20:57:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-12T12:57:17Z", "ms": 124549036928.49945 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-12T20:57:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-12T12:57:17Z", "ms": 124549036928.49945 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-12-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-13T22:04:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-13T14:04:17Z", "ms": 124639457279.22488 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-13T22:04:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-13T14:04:17Z", "ms": 124639457279.22488 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 23:01 on Wed 12 Dec to 19:55 on Thu 13 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-12T15:01:03Z → 1973-12-13T11:55:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:57 on the 12th and 22:04 on the 13th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 12th and is not on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 7426 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Wednesday 12 December.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-12", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-12", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Wednesday 12 December. Caturthī runs from 23:01 on Wed 12 Dec to 19:55 on Thu 13 Dec, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-12-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-12-20", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19815, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-19T13:19:04+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-19T05:19:04Z", "ms": 125126344236.66234 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-20T14:26:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-20T06:26:49Z", "ms": 125216808746.46802 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-19T13:19:04+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-19T05:19:04Z", "ms": 125126344236.66234 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-20T14:26:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-20T06:26:49Z", "ms": 125216808746.46802 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-19T07:48:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-18T23:48:49Z", "ms": 125106528909.76398 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-19T07:48:49+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-18T23:48:49Z", "ms": 125106528909.76398 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-12-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-20T07:49:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-19T23:49:21Z", "ms": 125192961293.02383 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-20T07:49:21+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-19T23:49:21Z", "ms": 125192961293.02383 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:19 on Wed 19 Dec to 14:27 on Thu 20 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-19T05:19:04Z → 1973-12-20T06:26:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:49 on the 19th and 07:49 on the 20th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19815 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Kunming, 1973: Thursday 20 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Saphalā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Thursday 20 December. Ekādaśī runs from 13:19 on Wed 19 Dec to 14:27 on Thu 20 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-12-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-12-21", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 970, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-21T16:05:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-21T08:05:12Z", "ms": 125309111826.75264 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-22T18:08:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-22T10:08:37Z", "ms": 125402916536.57777 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-21T16:05:12+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-21T08:05:12Z", "ms": 125309111826.75264 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-22T18:08:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-22T10:08:37Z", "ms": 125402916536.57777 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-21T18:24:17+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-21T10:24:17Z", "ms": 125317456674.06029 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-21T20:11:46+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-21T12:11:46Z", "ms": 125323905547.80348 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-12-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-22T18:24:47+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-22T10:24:47Z", "ms": 125403886577.3996 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-22T20:12:15+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-22T12:12:15Z", "ms": 125410335393.81938 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:05 on Fri 21 Dec to 18:09 on Sat 22 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-21T08:05:12Z → 1973-12-22T10:08:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:24–20:12 on the 21st, 18:25–20:12 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 107 of 107 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 107 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 970 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Kunming, 1973: Friday 21 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Friday 21 December. Trayodaśī runs from 16:05 on Fri 21 Dec to 18:09 on Sat 22 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-12-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-12-22", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15188, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-22T18:08:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-22T10:08:37Z", "ms": 125402916536.57777 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-23T20:31:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-23T12:31:11Z", "ms": 125497871156.53201 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-22T18:08:37+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-22T10:08:37Z", "ms": 125402916536.57777 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-23T20:31:11+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-23T12:31:11Z", "ms": 125497871156.53201 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-23T00:43:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-22T16:43:50Z", "ms": 125426629638.9738 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-23T01:31:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-22T17:31:50Z", "ms": 125429509638.9738 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-12-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-24T00:44:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-23T16:44:19Z", "ms": 125513059343.9261 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-24T01:32:19+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-23T17:32:19Z", "ms": 125515939343.9261 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 18:09 on Sat 22 Dec to 20:31 on Sun 23 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-22T10:08:37Z → 1973-12-23T12:31:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:44–01:32 on the 22nd, 00:44–01:32 on the 23rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15188 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Kunming, 1973: Saturday 22 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Saturday 22 December. Caturdaśī runs from 18:09 on Sat 22 Dec to 20:31 on Sun 23 Dec and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-12-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-12-28", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "1804651", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11535, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-28T07:11:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-27T23:11:30Z", "ms": 125881889864.78174 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-29T09:34:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-29T01:34:50Z", "ms": 125976889769.64272 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-28T07:11:30+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-27T23:11:30Z", "ms": 125881889864.78174 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-29T09:34:50+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-29T01:34:50Z", "ms": 125976889769.64272 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-28T12:46:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-28T04:46:35Z", "ms": 125901995465.40807 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-28T13:34:35+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-28T05:34:35Z", "ms": 125904875465.40807 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-12-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-29T12:47:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-29T04:47:05Z", "ms": 125988425107.27612 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-29T13:35:05+08:00", "utc": "1973-12-29T05:35:05Z", "ms": 125991305107.27612 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:11 on Fri 28 Dec to 09:35 on Sat 29 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-27T23:11:30Z → 1973-12-29T01:34:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:47–13:35 on the 28th, 12:47–13:35 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11535 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Kunming, 1973: Friday 28 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Kunming, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Friday 28 December. Caturthī runs from 07:11 on Fri 28 Dec to 09:35 on Sat 29 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/kunming/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-12-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } } ], "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }