{ "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973", "place": { "id": "2460596", "slug": "bamako", "name": "Bamako", "region": "Mali", "country": "ML", "lat": 12.60915, "lon": -7.97522, "elevation_m": 374, "tz": "Africa/Bamako" }, "year": 1973, "tradition": "smarta", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "rulings": [ { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-01-01", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25508, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-01-01T08:36:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-01T08:36:31Z", "ms": 94725391422.51921 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-02T11:12:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-02T11:12:48Z", "ms": 94821168137.22166 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-01-01T08:36:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-01T08:36:31Z", "ms": 94725391422.51921 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-02T11:12:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-02T11:12:48Z", "ms": 94821168137.22166 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-01T18:17:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-01T18:17:22Z", "ms": 94760241994.26997 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-01T19:58:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-01T19:58:16Z", "ms": 94766295962.21687 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-01-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-02T18:17:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-02T18:17:56Z", "ms": 94846675694.69618 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-02T19:58:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-02T19:58:48Z", "ms": 94852728125.7667 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:37 on Mon 1 Jan to 11:13 on Tue 2 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-01T08:36:31Z → 1973-01-02T11:12:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:17–19:58 on the 1st, 18:18–19:59 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 101 of 101 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 101 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25508 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Monday 1 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Monday 1 January. Trayodaśī runs from 08:37 on Mon 1 Jan to 11:13 on Tue 2 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-01-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-01-02", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36784, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-01-02T11:12:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-02T11:12:48Z", "ms": 94821168137.22166 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-03T13:36:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-03T13:36:42Z", "ms": 94916202025.85573 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-01-02T11:12:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-02T11:12:48Z", "ms": 94821168137.22166 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-03T13:36:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-03T13:36:42Z", "ms": 94916202025.85573 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-02T00:11:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-02T00:11:44Z", "ms": 94781504374.07083 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-02T00:59:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-02T00:59:44Z", "ms": 94784384374.07083 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-01-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-03T00:12:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-03T00:12:12Z", "ms": 94867932311.21059 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-03T01:00:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-03T01:00:12Z", "ms": 94870812311.21059 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 11:13 on Tue 2 Jan to 13:37 on Wed 3 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-02T11:12:48Z → 1973-01-03T13:36:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:12–01:00 on the 1st, 00:12–01:00 on the 2nd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36784 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 2 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Tuesday 2 January. Caturdaśī runs from 11:13 on Tue 2 Jan to 13:37 on Wed 3 Jan and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-01-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-01-08", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23673, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-01-07T19:36:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-07T19:36:50Z", "ms": 95283409629.0721 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-08T20:00:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-08T20:00:22Z", "ms": 95371221625.24362 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-01-07T19:36:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-07T19:36:50Z", "ms": 95283409629.0721 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-08T20:00:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-08T20:00:22Z", "ms": 95371221625.24362 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-07T12:14:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-07T12:14:17Z", "ms": 95256857017.35632 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-07T13:02:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-07T13:02:17Z", "ms": 95259737017.35632 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-01-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-08T12:14:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-08T12:14:43Z", "ms": 95343282768.31033 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-08T13:02:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-08T13:02:43Z", "ms": 95346162768.31033 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:37 on Sun 7 Jan to 20:00 on Mon 8 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-07T19:36:50Z → 1973-01-08T20:00:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:14–13:02 on the 7th, 12:15–13:03 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23673 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Monday 8 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Monday 8 January. Caturthī runs from 19:37 on Sun 7 Jan to 20:00 on Mon 8 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-01-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/bhogi", "festival": "bhogi", "name": "Bhogi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2932, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1973-01-13T19:12:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-12T08:10:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-12T08:10:03Z", "ms": 98352603057.71974 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1973-01-13T19:12:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-13T19:12:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-12T18:23:32+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-12T18:23:32Z", "ms": 95711012380.88022 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-13T18:24:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T18:24:05Z", "ms": 95797445241.32213 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-13T18:24:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T18:24:05Z", "ms": 95797445241.32213 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-14T18:24:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-14T18:24:38Z", "ms": 95883877831.09312 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1973-01-14", "days": -1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 19:13 on Sat 13 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 18:24, and the day of the 14th ends at 18:25.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 2932 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Bhogi is kept the day before Pongal: Sunday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal − 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhogi, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "bhogi", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": -1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1973-01-12", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1973-01-12", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Bhogi 1973 falls on Saturday 13 January. It is kept the day before Pongal, which falls on Sunday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 19:13 on Sat 13 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 12 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/bhogi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/makara-sankranti", "festival": "makara-sankranti", "name": "Makara Saṅkrānti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17223, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1973-01-13T19:12:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-12T08:10:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-12T08:10:03Z", "ms": 98352603057.71974 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1973-01-13T19:12:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-13T19:12:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 } }, "kaala": "civil-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-13T00:00:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T00:00:00Z", "ms": 95731200000 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-14T00:00:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-14T00:00:00Z", "ms": 95817600000 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-14T00:00:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-14T00:00:00Z", "ms": 95817600000 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-15T00:00:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-15T00:00:00Z", "ms": 95904000000 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 19:13 on Sat 13 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Bamako.", "fact": "civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · Africa/Bamako" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 17223 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Makara Saṅkrānti, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "makara-sankranti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "midnight" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1973-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1973-01-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Makara Saṅkrānti 1973 falls on Saturday 13 January. The Sun enters Makara at 19:13 on Sat 13 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight. By the Tamil rule for the first day of a solar month, which gives a transit after sunset to the next day, it is 14 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/makara-sankranti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pongal", "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2932, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1973-01-13T19:12:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-12T08:10:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-12T08:10:03Z", "ms": 98352603057.71974 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1973-01-13T19:12:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-13T19:12:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-12T18:23:32+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-12T18:23:32Z", "ms": 95711012380.88022 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-13T18:24:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T18:24:05Z", "ms": 95797445241.32213 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-13T18:24:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T18:24:05Z", "ms": 95797445241.32213 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-14T18:24:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-14T18:24:38Z", "ms": 95883877831.09312 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 19:13 on Sat 13 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 18:24, and the day of the 14th ends at 18:25.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 2932 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pongal, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "pongal", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The rule that heads the solar festivals, the day \"taken to begin from midnight\" (p. 106), is not applied to Pongal. It is kept on the first day of the month of Makara as the Tamil districts count it, a transit after sunset going to the next day (p. 244); the Rashtriya Panchang prints Pongal so.", "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1973-01-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1973-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Pongal 1973 falls on Sunday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 19:13 on Sat 13 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 13 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/mattu-pongal", "festival": "mattu-pongal", "name": "Mattu Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2932, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1973-01-13T19:12:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-12T08:10:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-12T08:10:03Z", "ms": 98352603057.71974 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1973-01-13T19:12:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-13T19:12:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z", "ms": 95800377425.88835 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-12T18:23:32+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-12T18:23:32Z", "ms": 95711012380.88022 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-13T18:24:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T18:24:05Z", "ms": 95797445241.32213 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-13T18:24:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-13T18:24:05Z", "ms": 95797445241.32213 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-14T18:24:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-14T18:24:38Z", "ms": 95883877831.09312 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1973-01-14", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 19:13 on Sat 13 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-13T19:12:57Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 18:24, and the day of the 14th ends at 18:25.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 2932 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Mattu Pongal is kept the day after Pongal: Sunday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mattu Pongal, Bamako, 1973: Monday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "mattu-pongal", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1973-01-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1973-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Mattu Pongal 1973 falls on Monday 15 January. It is kept the day after Pongal, which falls on Sunday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 19:13 on Sat 13 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 14 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/mattu-pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-01-15", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8590, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-01-14T12:06:04+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-14T12:06:04Z", "ms": 95861163889.64117 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-15T09:20:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-15T09:20:53Z", "ms": 95937652946.08725 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-01-14T12:06:04+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-14T12:06:04Z", "ms": 95861163889.64117 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-15T09:20:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-15T09:20:53Z", "ms": 95937652946.08725 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-14T06:57:32+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-14T06:57:32Z", "ms": 95842652210.00284 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-14T06:57:32+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-14T06:57:32Z", "ms": 95842652210.00284 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-15T06:57:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-15T06:57:43Z", "ms": 95929062818.72217 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-15T06:57:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-15T06:57:43Z", "ms": 95929062818.72217 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:06 on Sun 14 Jan to 09:21 on Mon 15 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-14T12:06:04Z → 1973-01-15T09:20:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:58 on the 14th and 06:58 on the 15th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 14th and is on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 8590 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Monday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Putradā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Monday 15 January. Ekādaśī runs from 12:06 on Sun 14 Jan to 09:21 on Mon 15 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-01-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-01-16", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26021, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-01-16T06:23:04+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-16T06:23:04Z", "ms": 96013383884.09059 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-17T03:19:41+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-17T03:19:41Z", "ms": 96088781484.7216 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-01-16T06:23:04+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-16T06:23:04Z", "ms": 96013383884.09059 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-17T03:19:41+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-17T03:19:41Z", "ms": 96088781484.7216 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-15T18:25:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-15T18:25:10Z", "ms": 95970310125.29611 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-15T20:05:32+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-15T20:05:32Z", "ms": 95976331756.39595 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 100, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-01-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-16T18:25:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-16T18:25:42Z", "ms": 96056742101.19609 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-16T20:06:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-16T20:06:01Z", "ms": 96062760597.48714 } }, "covered_min": 100, "window_min": 100, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 06:23 on Tue 16 Jan to 03:20 on Wed 17 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-16T06:23:04Z → 1973-01-17T03:19:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:25–20:06 on the 15th, 18:26–20:06 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 100 minutes on the 15th and 100 of 100 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26021 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 16 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Tuesday 16 January. Trayodaśī runs from 06:23 on Tue 16 Jan to 03:20 on Wed 17 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-01-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-01-21", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20420, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-01-21T15:28:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-21T15:28:00Z", "ms": 96478079562.79396 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-22T14:43:21+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-22T14:43:21Z", "ms": 96561800657.90253 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-01-21T15:28:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-21T15:28:00Z", "ms": 96478079562.79396 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-22T14:43:21+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-22T14:43:21Z", "ms": 96561800657.90253 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-21T21:08:19+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-21T21:08:19Z", "ms": 96498499160.01169 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-21T21:08:19+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-21T21:08:19Z", "ms": 96498499160.01169 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-01-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-22T21:59:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-22T21:59:05Z", "ms": 96587945292.4753 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-22T21:59:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-22T21:59:05Z", "ms": 96587945292.4753 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:28 on Sun 21 Jan to 14:43 on Mon 22 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-21T15:28:00Z → 1973-01-22T14:43:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:08 on the 21st and 21:59 on the 22nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 21st and is not on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20420 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 21 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Sunday 21 January. Caturthī runs from 15:28 on Sun 21 Jan to 14:43 on Mon 22 Jan and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-01-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-01-29", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14353, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-01-29T00:23:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-29T00:23:11Z", "ms": 97114990518.58388 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-30T02:58:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-30T02:58:59Z", "ms": 97210739485.38565 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-01-29T00:23:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-29T00:23:11Z", "ms": 97114990518.58388 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-30T02:58:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-30T02:58:59Z", "ms": 97210739485.38565 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-29T06:58:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-29T06:58:18Z", "ms": 97138697977.25282 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-29T06:58:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-29T06:58:18Z", "ms": 97138697977.25282 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-01-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-30T06:58:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-30T06:58:12Z", "ms": 97225092395.64641 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-30T06:58:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-30T06:58:12Z", "ms": 97225092395.64641 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:23 on Mon 29 Jan to 02:59 on Tue 30 Jan.", "fact": "1973-01-29T00:23:11Z → 1973-01-30T02:58:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:58 on the 29th and 06:58 on the 30th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 29th and is not on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14353 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Monday 29 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Monday 29 January. Ekādaśī runs from 00:23 on Mon 29 Jan to 02:59 on Tue 30 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-01-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-01-31", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-01-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32771, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-01-31T05:18:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-31T05:18:03Z", "ms": 97305483173.90869 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-01T07:11:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T07:11:20Z", "ms": 97398680495.11584 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-01-31T05:18:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-31T05:18:03Z", "ms": 97305483173.90869 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-01T07:11:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T07:11:20Z", "ms": 97398680495.11584 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-30T18:32:27+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-30T18:32:27Z", "ms": 97266746639.40886 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-30T20:11:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-30T20:11:52Z", "ms": 97272711853.91873 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-01-31T18:32:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-31T18:32:52Z", "ms": 97353171849.22568 }, "end": { "local": "1973-01-31T20:12:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-01-31T20:12:13Z", "ms": 97359132674.64227 } }, "covered_min": 99, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:18 on Wed 31 Jan to 07:11 on Thu 1 Feb.", "fact": "1973-01-31T05:18:03Z → 1973-02-01T07:11:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:32–20:12 on the 30th, 18:33–20:12 on the 31st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 99 minutes on the 30th and 99 of 99 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32771 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 31 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-01-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Wednesday 31 January. Trayodaśī runs from 05:18 on Wed 31 Jan to 07:11 on Thu 1 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-01-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-02-01", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21716, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-01T07:11:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T07:11:20Z", "ms": 97398680495.11584 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-02T08:33:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-02T08:33:33Z", "ms": 97490013205.86118 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-01T07:11:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T07:11:20Z", "ms": 97398680495.11584 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-02T08:33:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-02T08:33:33Z", "ms": 97490013205.86118 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-01T00:21:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T00:21:25Z", "ms": 97374084944.5379 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-01T01:09:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T01:09:25Z", "ms": 97376964944.5379 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-02T00:21:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-02T00:21:33Z", "ms": 97460492886.22478 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-02T01:09:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-02T01:09:33Z", "ms": 97463372886.22478 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 07:11 on Thu 1 Feb to 08:34 on Fri 2 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-01T07:11:20Z → 1973-02-02T08:33:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:21–01:09 on the 31st, 00:22–01:10 on the 1st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21716 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 1 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Thursday 1 February. Caturdaśī runs from 07:11 on Thu 1 Feb to 08:34 on Fri 2 Feb and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-02-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/yama-tarpana", "festival": "yama-tarpana", "name": "Yama Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 802, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-01T07:11:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T07:11:20Z", "ms": 97398680495.11584 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-02T08:33:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-02T08:33:33Z", "ms": 97490013205.86118 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-01T07:11:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T07:11:20Z", "ms": 97398680495.11584 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-02T08:33:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-02T08:33:33Z", "ms": 97490013205.86118 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-01T05:18:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T05:18:37Z", "ms": 97391917214.43352 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-01T06:57:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-01T06:57:58Z", "ms": 97397878039.85011 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-02-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-02T05:18:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-02T05:18:33Z", "ms": 97478312905.28392 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-02T06:57:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-02T06:57:49Z", "ms": 97484269275.85088 } }, "covered_min": 99, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 07:11 on Thu 1 Feb to 08:34 on Fri 2 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-01T07:11:20Z → 1973-02-02T08:33:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:19–06:58 on the 1st, 05:19–06:58 on the 2nd.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 99 minutes on the 1st and 99 of 99 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 802 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Tarpaṇa, Bamako, 1973: Friday 2 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Yama tarpana (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Yama Tarpaṇa 1973 falls on Friday 2 February. Caturdaśī runs from 07:11 on Thu 1 Feb to 08:34 on Fri 2 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/yama-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ganesha-jayanti", "festival": "ganesha-jayanti", "name": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī", "everyday": "Maghi Ganesh Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12797, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-06T08:48:51+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-06T08:48:51Z", "ms": 97836530731.89613 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-07T07:47:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z", "ms": 97919275577.25844 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-06T08:48:51+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-06T08:48:51Z", "ms": 97836530731.89613 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-07T07:47:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z", "ms": 97919275577.25844 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-06T12:22:07+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-06T12:22:07Z", "ms": 97849327365.15768 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-06T13:10:07+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-06T13:10:07Z", "ms": 97852207365.15768 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-07T12:22:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T12:22:11Z", "ms": 97935730930.63217 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-07T13:10:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T13:10:11Z", "ms": 97938610930.63217 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:49 on Tue 6 Feb to 07:48 on Wed 7 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-06T08:48:51Z → 1973-02-07T07:47:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:22–13:10 on the 6th, 12:22–13:10 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 12797 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 6 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Gaṇeśa Jayantī (Maghi Ganesh Jayanti) 1973 falls on Tuesday 6 February. Caturthī runs from 08:49 on Tue 6 Feb to 07:48 on Wed 7 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ganesha-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/tila-chaturthi", "festival": "tila-chaturthi", "name": "Tila Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35180, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-06T08:48:51+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-06T08:48:51Z", "ms": 97836530731.89613 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-07T07:47:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z", "ms": 97919275577.25844 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-06T08:48:51+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-06T08:48:51Z", "ms": 97836530731.89613 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-07T07:47:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z", "ms": 97919275577.25844 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-06T18:35:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-06T18:35:11Z", "ms": 97871710941.93309 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-06T20:14:04+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-06T20:14:04Z", "ms": 97877644129.16873 } }, "covered_min": 99, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-07T18:35:32+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T18:35:32Z", "ms": 97958132015.06398 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-07T20:14:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T20:14:20Z", "ms": 97964060398.96083 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:49 on Tue 6 Feb to 07:48 on Wed 7 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-06T08:48:51Z → 1973-02-07T07:47:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:35–20:14 on the 6th, 18:36–20:14 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 99 of 99 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 99 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35180 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Tila Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 6 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "tila-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Tila Caturthī 1973 falls on Tuesday 6 February. Caturthī runs from 08:49 on Tue 6 Feb to 07:48 on Wed 7 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/tila-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shri-panchami", "festival": "shri-panchami", "name": "Śrī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16455, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-07T07:47:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z", "ms": 97919275577.25844 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-08T06:28:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T06:28:11Z", "ms": 98000891193.35284 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-07T07:47:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z", "ms": 97919275577.25844 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-08T06:28:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T06:28:11Z", "ms": 98000891193.35284 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-07T12:22:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T12:22:11Z", "ms": 97935730930.63217 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-07T13:10:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T13:10:11Z", "ms": 97938610930.63217 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-02-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-08T12:22:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T12:22:14Z", "ms": 98022133681.9033 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-08T13:10:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T13:10:14Z", "ms": 98025013681.9033 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 07:48 on Wed 7 Feb to 06:28 on Thu 8 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z → 1973-02-08T06:28:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:22–13:10 on the 7th, 12:22–13:10 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 16455 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Pañcamī, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 7 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śrī Pañcamī 1973 falls on Wednesday 7 February. Pañcamī runs from 07:48 on Wed 7 Feb to 06:28 on Thu 8 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shri-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vasanta-panchami", "festival": "vasanta-panchami", "name": "Vasanta Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16455, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-07T07:47:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z", "ms": 97919275577.25844 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-08T06:28:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T06:28:11Z", "ms": 98000891193.35284 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-07T07:47:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z", "ms": 97919275577.25844 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-08T06:28:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T06:28:11Z", "ms": 98000891193.35284 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-07T12:22:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T12:22:11Z", "ms": 97935730930.63217 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-07T13:10:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-07T13:10:11Z", "ms": 97938610930.63217 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-02-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-08T12:22:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T12:22:14Z", "ms": 98022133681.9033 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-08T13:10:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-08T13:10:14Z", "ms": 98025013681.9033 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 07:48 on Wed 7 Feb to 06:28 on Thu 8 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-07T07:47:56Z → 1973-02-08T06:28:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:22–13:10 on the 7th, 12:22–13:10 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16455 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasanta Pañcamī, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 7 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasanta-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vasanta Pañcamī 1973 falls on Wednesday 7 February. Pañcamī runs from 07:48 on Wed 7 Feb to 06:28 on Thu 8 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vasanta-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ratha-saptami", "festival": "ratha-saptami", "name": "Ratha Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1494, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-09T04:52:41+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-09T04:52:41Z", "ms": 98081560984.23868 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-10T03:03:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-10T03:03:58Z", "ms": 98161438330.60675 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-09T04:52:41+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-09T04:52:41Z", "ms": 98081560984.23868 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-10T03:03:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-10T03:03:58Z", "ms": 98161438330.60675 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-09T05:17:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-09T05:17:35Z", "ms": 98083055414.11841 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-09T06:56:19+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-09T06:56:19Z", "ms": 98088978944.05719 } }, "covered_min": 99, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-10T05:17:23+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-10T05:17:23Z", "ms": 98169443380.92189 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-10T06:56:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-10T06:56:02Z", "ms": 98175362008.34892 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 04:53 on Fri 9 Feb to 03:04 on Sat 10 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-09T04:52:41Z → 1973-02-10T03:03:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:18–06:56 on the 9th, 05:17–06:56 on the 10th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 99 of 99 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 99 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1494 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ratha Saptamī, Bamako, 1973: Friday 9 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ratha-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Ratha saptami (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise), Acala saptami, Vidhana saptami, Arogya saptami [purvaviddha]." } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Ratha Saptamī 1973 falls on Friday 9 February. Saptamī runs from 04:53 on Fri 9 Feb to 03:04 on Sat 10 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ratha-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-02-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Jayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36867, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-12T20:40:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-12T20:40:39Z", "ms": 98397638799.63809 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-13T18:22:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-13T18:22:11Z", "ms": 98475731412.82301 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-12T20:40:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-12T20:40:39Z", "ms": 98397638799.63809 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-13T18:22:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-13T18:22:11Z", "ms": 98475731412.82301 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-13T06:55:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-13T06:55:05Z", "ms": 98434505439.90791 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-13T06:55:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-13T06:55:05Z", "ms": 98434505439.90791 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-14T06:54:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T06:54:45Z", "ms": 98520884721.37628 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-14T06:54:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T06:54:45Z", "ms": 98520884721.37628 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:41 on Mon 12 Feb to 18:22 on Tue 13 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-12T20:40:39Z → 1973-02-13T18:22:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:55 on the 13th and 06:55 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 13th and is not on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36867 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jayā Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 13 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Jayā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Tuesday 13 February. Ekādaśī runs from 20:41 on Mon 12 Feb to 18:22 on Tue 13 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-02-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/bhishma-dvadashi", "festival": "bhishma-dvadashi", "name": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10439, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-13T18:22:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-13T18:22:11Z", "ms": 98475731412.82301 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-14T16:04:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T16:04:13Z", "ms": 98553852707.27051 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-13T18:22:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-13T18:22:11Z", "ms": 98475731412.82301 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-14T16:04:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T16:04:13Z", "ms": 98553852707.27051 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-13T12:22:15+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-13T12:22:15Z", "ms": 98454135437.09642 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-13T13:10:15+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-13T13:10:15Z", "ms": 98457015437.09642 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-14T12:22:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T12:22:13Z", "ms": 98540533454.2146 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-14T13:10:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T13:10:13Z", "ms": 98543413454.2146 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 18:22 on Tue 13 Feb to 16:04 on Wed 14 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-13T18:22:11Z → 1973-02-14T16:04:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:22–13:10 on the 13th, 12:22–13:10 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 10439 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 14 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhishma-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Bhisma dvadasi (purvaviddha), Amalaki dvadasi, Santana dvadasi, Varaha dvadasi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Bhīṣma Dvādaśī 1973 falls on Wednesday 14 February. Dvādaśī runs from 18:22 on Tue 13 Feb to 16:04 on Wed 14 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/bhishma-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-02-14", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9209, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-14T16:04:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T16:04:13Z", "ms": 98553852707.27051 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-15T13:51:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-15T13:51:37Z", "ms": 98632297158.26091 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-14T16:04:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T16:04:13Z", "ms": 98553852707.27051 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-15T13:51:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-15T13:51:37Z", "ms": 98632297158.26091 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-14T18:37:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T18:37:42Z", "ms": 98563062187.05292 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-14T20:15:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-14T20:15:56Z", "ms": 98568955642.66115 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-02-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-15T18:37:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-15T18:37:58Z", "ms": 98649478342.4577 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-15T20:16:07+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-15T20:16:07Z", "ms": 98655366644.70401 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:04 on Wed 14 Feb to 13:52 on Thu 15 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-14T16:04:13Z → 1973-02-15T13:51:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:38–20:16 on the 14th, 18:38–20:16 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 98 of 98 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 98 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9209 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 14 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Wednesday 14 February. Trayodaśī runs from 16:04 on Wed 14 Feb to 13:52 on Thu 15 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-02-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/maghi-purnima", "festival": "maghi-purnima", "name": "Māghī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1909, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-02-16T11:50:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-16T11:50:18Z", "ms": 98711418233.35657 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-17T10:06:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-17T10:06:57Z", "ms": 98791616635.59999 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-16T11:50:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-16T11:50:18Z", "ms": 98711418233.35657 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-17T10:06:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-17T10:06:57Z", "ms": 98791616635.59999 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-16T12:22:07+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-16T12:22:07Z", "ms": 98713327260.02292 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-16T13:10:07+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-16T13:10:07Z", "ms": 98716207260.02292 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-02-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-17T12:22:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-17T12:22:03Z", "ms": 98799723081.11362 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-17T13:10:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-17T13:10:03Z", "ms": 98802603081.11362 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 11:50 on Fri 16 Feb to 10:07 on Sat 17 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-16T11:50:18Z → 1973-02-17T10:06:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:22–13:10 on the 16th, 12:22–13:10 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1909 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Māghī Pūrṇimā, Bamako, 1973: Friday 16 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maghi-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Maghi purnima (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Māghī Pūrṇimā 1973 falls on Friday 16 February. Pūrṇimā runs from 11:50 on Fri 16 Feb to 10:07 on Sat 17 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/maghi-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-02-20", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39552, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-20T07:53:28+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-20T07:53:28Z", "ms": 99042807698.20506 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-21T08:26:06+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-21T08:26:06Z", "ms": 99131166095.8133 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-20T07:53:28+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-20T07:53:28Z", "ms": 99042807698.20506 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-21T08:26:06+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-21T08:26:06Z", "ms": 99131166095.8133 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-19T20:37:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-19T20:37:02Z", "ms": 99002222344.40407 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-19T20:37:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-19T20:37:02Z", "ms": 99002222344.40407 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-02-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-20T21:26:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-20T21:26:54Z", "ms": 99091614490.81746 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-20T21:26:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-20T21:26:54Z", "ms": 99091614490.81746 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:53 on Tue 20 Feb to 08:26 on Wed 21 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-20T07:53:28Z → 1973-02-21T08:26:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:37 on the 19th and 21:27 on the 20th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 39552 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 20 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Tuesday 20 February. Caturthī runs from 07:53 on Tue 20 Feb to 08:26 on Wed 21 Feb and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-02-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-02-28", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Vijayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-02-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27011, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-02-27T21:26:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-27T21:26:12Z", "ms": 99696372061.36926 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-28T23:17:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-28T23:17:48Z", "ms": 99789467947.45152 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-02-27T21:26:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-27T21:26:12Z", "ms": 99696372061.36926 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-28T23:17:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-28T23:17:48Z", "ms": 99789467947.45152 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-02-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-02-28T06:48:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-28T06:48:30Z", "ms": 99730110400.95111 }, "end": { "local": "1973-02-28T06:48:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-02-28T06:48:30Z", "ms": 99730110400.95111 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-03-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-01T06:47:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-01T06:47:59Z", "ms": 99816478535.52121 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-01T06:47:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-01T06:47:59Z", "ms": 99816478535.52121 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:26 on Tue 27 Feb to 23:18 on Wed 28 Feb.", "fact": "1973-02-27T21:26:12Z → 1973-02-28T23:17:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:49 on the 28th and 06:48 on the 1st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 28th and is not on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27011 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 28 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-02-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vijayā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Wednesday 28 February. Ekādaśī runs from 21:26 on Tue 27 Feb to 23:18 on Wed 28 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-02-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-03-02", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15236, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-03-02T00:31:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-02T00:31:37Z", "ms": 99880297162.00635 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-03T01:03:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-03T01:03:39Z", "ms": 99968618516.71846 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-02T00:31:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-02T00:31:37Z", "ms": 99880297162.00635 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-03T01:03:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-03T01:03:39Z", "ms": 99968618516.71846 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-01T18:40:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-01T18:40:48Z", "ms": 99859248338.71071 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-01T20:17:41+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-01T20:17:41Z", "ms": 99865061373.81161 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-03-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-02T18:40:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-02T18:40:57Z", "ms": 99945656946.36864 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-02T20:17:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-02T20:17:44Z", "ms": 99951464436.28534 } }, "covered_min": 97, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 00:32 on Fri 2 Mar to 01:04 on Sat 3 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-02T00:31:37Z → 1973-03-03T01:03:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:41–20:18 on the 1st, 18:41–20:18 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 97 minutes on the 1st and 97 of 97 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15236 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Friday 2 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Friday 2 March. Trayodaśī runs from 00:32 on Fri 2 Mar to 01:04 on Sat 3 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-03-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/maha-shivaratri", "festival": "maha-shivaratri", "name": "Mahāśivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-03", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin", "tie-break-disputed" ], "boundary_margin_s": 257, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-03-03T01:03:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-03T01:03:39Z", "ms": 99968618516.71846 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-04T00:54:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-04T00:54:17Z", "ms": 100054457082.08437 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-03T01:03:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-03T01:03:39Z", "ms": 99968618516.71846 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-04T00:54:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-04T00:54:17Z", "ms": 100054457082.08437 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-03T00:19:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-03T00:19:55Z", "ms": 99965995033.55624 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-03T01:07:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-03T01:07:55Z", "ms": 99968875033.55624 } }, "covered_min": 4, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-03-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-04T00:19:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-04T00:19:42Z", "ms": 100052382378.17813 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-04T01:07:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-04T01:07:42Z", "ms": 100055262378.17813 } }, "covered_min": 35, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 01:04 on Sat 3 Mar to 00:54 on Sun 4 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-03T01:03:39Z → 1973-03-04T00:54:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:20–01:08 on the 2nd, 00:20–01:08 on the 3rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 4 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 35 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both nights qualify and the cited authorities disagree. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: disputed → greater-coverage · margin 257 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāśivarātri, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 3 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin, tie-break-disputed)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maha-shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day" } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-03", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-03", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Mahāśivarātri 1973 falls on Saturday 3 March. Caturdaśī runs from 01:04 on Sat 3 Mar to 00:54 on Sun 4 Mar and covers 35 of 48 minutes of niśītha that night. It also reaches the previous night for 4 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested. It is 4 min 17 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/maha-shivaratri", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-03-08", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13892, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-03-07T19:07:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-07T19:07:20Z", "ms": 100379239876.58937 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-08T16:58:23+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-08T16:58:23Z", "ms": 100457902681.76816 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-07T19:07:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-07T19:07:20Z", "ms": 100379239876.58937 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-08T16:58:23+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-08T16:58:23Z", "ms": 100457902681.76816 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-07T12:19:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-07T12:19:05Z", "ms": 100354745087.08704 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-07T13:07:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-07T13:07:05Z", "ms": 100357625087.08704 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-03-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-08T12:18:51+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-08T12:18:51Z", "ms": 100441130532.62442 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-08T13:06:51+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-08T13:06:51Z", "ms": 100444010532.62442 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:07 on Wed 7 Mar to 16:58 on Thu 8 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-07T19:07:20Z → 1973-03-08T16:58:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:19–13:07 on the 7th, 12:19–13:07 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13892 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 8 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Thursday 8 March. Caturthī runs from 19:07 on Wed 7 Mar to 16:58 on Thu 8 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-03-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-03-14", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6641, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-03-14T04:49:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-14T04:49:38Z", "ms": 100932578457.21169 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-15T03:15:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-15T03:15:43Z", "ms": 101013342759.53683 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-14T04:49:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-14T04:49:38Z", "ms": 100932578457.21169 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-15T03:15:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-15T03:15:43Z", "ms": 101013342759.53683 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-14T06:40:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-14T06:40:20Z", "ms": 100939219924.89542 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-14T06:40:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-14T06:40:20Z", "ms": 100939219924.89542 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-03-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-15T06:39:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-15T06:39:42Z", "ms": 101025581971.50822 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-15T06:39:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-15T06:39:42Z", "ms": 101025581971.50822 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:50 on Wed 14 Mar to 03:16 on Thu 15 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-14T04:49:38Z → 1973-03-15T03:15:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:40 on the 14th and 06:40 on the 15th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 14th and is not on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6641 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 14 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Āmalakī Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Wednesday 14 March. Ekādaśī runs from 04:50 on Wed 14 Mar to 03:16 on Thu 15 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-03-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-03-16", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16124, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-03-16T01:53:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-16T01:53:42Z", "ms": 101094822239.26117 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-17T00:46:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T00:46:33Z", "ms": 101177192807.9938 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-16T01:53:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-16T01:53:42Z", "ms": 101094822239.26117 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-17T00:46:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T00:46:33Z", "ms": 101177192807.9938 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-15T18:42:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-15T18:42:16Z", "ms": 101068935791.73042 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-15T20:17:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-15T20:17:50Z", "ms": 101074670186.71472 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 96, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-03-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-16T18:42:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-16T18:42:20Z", "ms": 101155339802.1559 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-16T20:17:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-16T20:17:49Z", "ms": 101161068535.10811 } }, "covered_min": 95, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 01:54 on Fri 16 Mar to 00:47 on Sat 17 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-16T01:53:42Z → 1973-03-17T00:46:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:42–20:18 on the 15th, 18:42–20:18 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 96 minutes on the 15th and 95 of 95 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16124 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Friday 16 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Friday 16 March. Trayodaśī runs from 01:54 on Fri 16 Mar to 00:47 on Sat 17 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-03-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/holika-dahana", "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17456, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-03-17T23:58:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T23:58:12Z", "ms": 101260692407.60492 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-18T23:33:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T23:33:24Z", "ms": 101345603610.73875 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-17T23:58:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T23:58:12Z", "ms": 101260692407.60492 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-18T23:33:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T23:33:24Z", "ms": 101345603610.73875 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-17T16:17:36+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T16:17:36Z", "ms": 101233055946.96252 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-17T18:42:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T18:42:24Z", "ms": 101241743608.87878 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 145, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-03-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-18T16:17:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T16:17:31Z", "ms": 101319451113.40256 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-18T18:42:27+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T18:42:27Z", "ms": 101328147233.25514 } }, "covered_min": 145, "window_min": 145, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 23:58 on Sat 17 Mar to 23:33 on Sun 18 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-17T23:58:12Z → 1973-03-18T23:33:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:18–18:42 on the 17th, 16:18–18:42 on the 18th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 145 minutes on the 17th and 145 of 145 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17456 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holikā Dahana, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 18 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holika-dahana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "not_evaluated": "The hour the row gives for the rite (\"it should be observed on second half of purnima at night\") is not tested: sāyāhna alone settles the day.", "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Holikā Dahana 1973 falls on Sunday 18 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 23:58 on Sat 17 Mar to 23:33 on Sun 18 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/holika-dahana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/holi", "festival": "holi", "name": "Holī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17456, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-03-17T23:58:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T23:58:12Z", "ms": 101260692407.60492 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-18T23:33:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T23:33:24Z", "ms": 101345603610.73875 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-17T23:58:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T23:58:12Z", "ms": 101260692407.60492 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-18T23:33:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T23:33:24Z", "ms": 101345603610.73875 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-17T16:17:36+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T16:17:36Z", "ms": 101233055946.96252 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-17T18:42:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-17T18:42:24Z", "ms": 101241743608.87878 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 145, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-03-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-18T16:17:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T16:17:31Z", "ms": 101319451113.40256 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-18T18:42:27+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T18:42:27Z", "ms": 101328147233.25514 } }, "covered_min": 145, "window_min": 145, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "local_date": "1973-03-18", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 23:58 on Sat 17 Mar to 23:33 on Sun 18 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-17T23:58:12Z → 1973-03-18T23:33:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:18–18:42 on the 17th, 16:18–18:42 on the 18th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 145 minutes on the 17th and 145 of 145 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17456 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Holī is kept the day after Holikā Dahana: Sunday 18 March is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: holika-dahana + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holī, Bamako, 1973: Monday 19 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holi", "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Holī 1973 falls on Monday 19 March. It is kept the day after Holikā Dahana, which falls on Sunday 18 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 23:58 on Sat 17 Mar to 23:33 on Sun 18 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna on the 18th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/holi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vasantotsava", "festival": "vasantotsava", "name": "Vasantotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25171, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 15, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1973-03-18T23:33:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T23:33:24Z", "ms": 101345603610.73875 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-19T23:36:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-19T23:36:58Z", "ms": 101432217564.3028 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-18T23:33:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-18T23:33:24Z", "ms": 101345603610.73875 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-19T23:36:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-19T23:36:58Z", "ms": 101432217564.3028 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-19T06:37:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-19T06:37:08Z", "ms": 101371027785.26862 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-19T06:37:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-19T06:37:08Z", "ms": 101371027785.26862 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-03-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-20T06:36:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-20T06:36:29Z", "ms": 101457388780.15508 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-20T06:36:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-20T06:36:29Z", "ms": 101457388780.15508 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 23:33 on Sun 18 Mar to 23:37 on Mon 19 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-18T23:33:24Z → 1973-03-19T23:36:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:37 on the 19th and 06:36 on the 20th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be current at sunrise. It is on the 19th and is not on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 25171 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasantotsava, Bamako, 1973: Monday 19 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasantotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 1 Vasantotsava (current at sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vasantotsava 1973 falls on Monday 19 March. Pratipadā runs from 23:33 on Sun 18 Mar to 23:37 on Mon 19 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vasantotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-03-22", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15984, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-03-22T01:23:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-22T01:23:44Z", "ms": 101611423903.73059 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-23T03:08:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-23T03:08:13Z", "ms": 101704093083.23666 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-22T01:23:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-22T01:23:44Z", "ms": 101611423903.73059 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-23T03:08:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-23T03:08:13Z", "ms": 101704093083.23666 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-21T20:57:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-21T20:57:20Z", "ms": 101595439644.29694 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-21T20:57:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-21T20:57:20Z", "ms": 101595439644.29694 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-03-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-22T21:48:15+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-22T21:48:15Z", "ms": 101684895054.36522 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-22T21:48:15+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-22T21:48:15Z", "ms": 101684895054.36522 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:24 on Thu 22 Mar to 03:08 on Fri 23 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-22T01:23:44Z → 1973-03-23T03:08:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:57 on the 21st and 21:48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15984 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 22 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Thursday 22 March. Caturthī runs from 01:24 on Thu 22 Mar to 03:08 on Fri 23 Mar and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-03-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shitalashtami", "festival": "shitalashtami", "name": "Śītalāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-26", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 263, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-03-26T10:30:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-26T10:30:35Z", "ms": 101989835219.02682 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-27T12:57:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-27T12:57:02Z", "ms": 102085021637.3385 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-26T10:30:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-26T10:30:35Z", "ms": 101989835219.02682 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-27T12:57:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-27T12:57:02Z", "ms": 102085021637.3385 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-26T12:13:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-26T12:13:43Z", "ms": 101996022547.65344 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-26T13:01:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-26T13:01:43Z", "ms": 101998902547.65344 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-03-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-27T12:13:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-27T12:13:24Z", "ms": 102082404310.37411 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-27T13:01:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-27T13:01:24Z", "ms": 102085284310.37411 } }, "covered_min": 44, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 10:31 on Mon 26 Mar to 12:57 on Tue 27 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-26T10:30:35Z → 1973-03-27T12:57:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:14–13:02 on the 26th, 12:13–13:01 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 44 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 263 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalāṣṭamī, Bamako, 1973: Monday 26 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitalashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Sitalastami, (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-26", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śītalāṣṭamī 1973 falls on Monday 26 March. Aṣṭamī runs from 10:31 on Mon 26 Mar to 12:57 on Tue 27 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 44 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken. It is 4 min 23 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shitalashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-03-30", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35288, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-03-29T16:18:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-29T16:18:43Z", "ms": 102269922507.9073 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-30T16:53:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-30T16:53:48Z", "ms": 102358427992.35783 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-29T16:18:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-29T16:18:43Z", "ms": 102269922507.9073 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-30T16:53:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-30T16:53:48Z", "ms": 102358427992.35783 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-29T06:30:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-29T06:30:35Z", "ms": 102234634997.4494 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-29T06:30:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-29T06:30:35Z", "ms": 102234634997.4494 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-03-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-30T06:29:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-30T06:29:56Z", "ms": 102320995838.68002 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-30T06:29:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-30T06:29:56Z", "ms": 102320995838.68002 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:19 on Thu 29 Mar to 16:54 on Fri 30 Mar.", "fact": "1973-03-29T16:18:43Z → 1973-03-30T16:53:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:31 on the 29th and 06:30 on the 30th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 29th and is on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35288 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Friday 30 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Friday 30 March. Ekādaśī runs from 16:19 on Thu 29 Mar to 16:54 on Fri 30 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-03-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-03-31", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-03-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7384, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-03-31T16:40:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-31T16:40:03Z", "ms": 102444003162.54239 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-01T15:39:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-01T15:39:44Z", "ms": 102526783820.07811 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-03-31T16:40:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-31T16:40:03Z", "ms": 102444003162.54239 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-01T15:39:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-01T15:39:44Z", "ms": 102526783820.07811 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-03-31T18:43:07+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-31T18:43:07Z", "ms": 102451386885.65636 }, "end": { "local": "1973-03-31T20:17:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-03-31T20:17:11Z", "ms": 102457031019.4506 } }, "covered_min": 94, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-01T18:43:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-01T18:43:10Z", "ms": 102537789982.17183 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-01T20:17:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-01T20:17:09Z", "ms": 102543428536.55957 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:40 on Sat 31 Mar to 15:40 on Sun 1 Apr.", "fact": "1973-03-31T16:40:03Z → 1973-04-01T15:39:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:43–20:17 on the 31st, 18:43–20:17 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 94 of 94 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 94 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7384 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 31 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-03-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Saturday 31 March. Trayodaśī runs from 16:40 on Sat 31 Mar to 15:40 on Sun 1 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-03-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-04-01", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30711, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-01T15:39:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-01T15:39:44Z", "ms": 102526783820.07811 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-02T13:58:40+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-02T13:58:40Z", "ms": 102607120429.0729 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-01T15:39:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-01T15:39:44Z", "ms": 102526783820.07811 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-02T13:58:40+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-02T13:58:40Z", "ms": 102607120429.0729 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-02T00:11:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-02T00:11:35Z", "ms": 102557494561.12585 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-02T00:59:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-02T00:59:35Z", "ms": 102560374561.12585 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-04-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-03T00:11:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-03T00:11:17Z", "ms": 102643876863.70555 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-03T00:59:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-03T00:59:17Z", "ms": 102646756863.70555 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 15:40 on Sun 1 Apr to 13:59 on Mon 2 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-01T15:39:44Z → 1973-04-02T13:58:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:12–01:00 on the 1st, 00:11–00:59 on the 2nd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30711 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 1 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Sunday 1 April. Caturdaśī runs from 15:40 on Sun 1 Apr to 13:59 on Mon 2 Apr and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-04-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "festival": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "name": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra)", "everyday": "Chaitra Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1576, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1973-04-03T11:45:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-03T11:45:03Z", "ms": 102685502565.29326 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-04T09:08:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-04T09:08:11Z", "ms": 102762491204.85086 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-03T11:45:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-03T11:45:03Z", "ms": 102685502565.29326 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-04T09:08:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-04T09:08:11Z", "ms": 102762491204.85086 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-03T12:11:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-03T12:11:18Z", "ms": 102687078498.43347 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-03T12:59:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-03T12:59:18Z", "ms": 102689958498.43347 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-04T12:11:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-04T12:11:01Z", "ms": 102773460996.02061 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-04T12:59:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-04T12:59:01Z", "ms": 102776340996.02061 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 11:45 on Tue 3 Apr to 09:08 on Wed 4 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-03T11:45:03Z → 1973-04-04T09:08:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:11–12:59 on the 3rd, 12:11–12:59 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1576 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra), Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 3 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Navarātrārambha (Caitra) (Chaitra Navratri) 1973 falls on Tuesday 3 April. Pratipadā runs from 11:45 on Tue 3 Apr to 09:08 on Wed 4 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/gauri-tritiya", "festival": "gauri-tritiya", "name": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Gangaur", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21179, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-04-05T06:17:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-05T06:17:44Z", "ms": 102838664189.03291 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-06T03:22:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T03:22:54Z", "ms": 102914574048.58827 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-05T06:17:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-05T06:17:44Z", "ms": 102838664189.03291 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-06T03:22:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T03:22:54Z", "ms": 102914574048.58827 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-05T12:10:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-05T12:10:44Z", "ms": 102859843656.47536 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-05T12:58:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-05T12:58:44Z", "ms": 102862723656.47536 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-06T12:10:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T12:10:26Z", "ms": 102946226493.4748 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-06T12:58:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T12:58:26Z", "ms": 102949106493.4748 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 06:18 on Thu 5 Apr to 03:23 on Fri 6 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-05T06:17:44Z → 1973-04-06T03:22:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:11–12:59 on the 5th, 12:10–12:58 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21179 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 5 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gauri-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Gaurī Tṛtīyā (Gangaur) 1973 falls on Thursday 5 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 06:18 on Thu 5 Apr to 03:23 on Fri 6 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/gauri-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21179, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-04-05T06:17:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-05T06:17:44Z", "ms": 102838664189.03291 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-06T03:22:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T03:22:54Z", "ms": 102914574048.58827 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-05T06:17:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-05T06:17:44Z", "ms": 102838664189.03291 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-06T03:22:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T03:22:54Z", "ms": 102914574048.58827 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-05T12:10:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-05T12:10:44Z", "ms": 102859843656.47536 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-05T12:58:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-05T12:58:44Z", "ms": 102862723656.47536 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-06T12:10:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T12:10:26Z", "ms": 102946226493.4748 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-06T12:58:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T12:58:26Z", "ms": 102949106493.4748 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 06:18 on Thu 5 Apr to 03:23 on Fri 6 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-05T06:17:44Z → 1973-04-06T03:22:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:11–12:59 on the 5th, 12:10–12:58 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21179 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 5 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata 1973 falls on Thursday 5 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 06:18 on Thu 5 Apr to 03:23 on Fri 6 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-04-06", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31652, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-06T03:22:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T03:22:54Z", "ms": 102914574048.58827 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-07T00:31:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T00:31:55Z", "ms": 102990715482.03282 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-06T03:22:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T03:22:54Z", "ms": 102914574048.58827 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-07T00:31:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T00:31:55Z", "ms": 102990715482.03282 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-06T12:10:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T12:10:26Z", "ms": 102946226493.4748 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-06T12:58:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T12:58:26Z", "ms": 102949106493.4748 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-07T12:10:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T12:10:10Z", "ms": 103032609520.88837 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-07T12:58:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T12:58:10Z", "ms": 103035489520.88837 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:23 on Fri 6 Apr to 00:32 on Sat 7 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-06T03:22:54Z → 1973-04-07T00:31:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 6th, 12:10–12:58 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31652 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Friday 6 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Friday 6 April. Caturthī runs from 03:23 on Fri 6 Apr to 00:32 on Sat 7 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-04-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/lakshmi-panchami", "festival": "lakshmi-panchami", "name": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32011, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-07T00:31:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T00:31:55Z", "ms": 102990715482.03282 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-07T21:51:41+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T21:51:41Z", "ms": 103067500680.36275 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-07T00:31:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T00:31:55Z", "ms": 102990715482.03282 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-07T21:51:41+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T21:51:41Z", "ms": 103067500680.36275 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-06T12:10:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T12:10:26Z", "ms": 102946226493.4748 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-06T12:58:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-06T12:58:26Z", "ms": 102949106493.4748 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-07T12:10:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T12:10:10Z", "ms": 103032609520.88837 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-07T12:58:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-07T12:58:10Z", "ms": 103035489520.88837 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 00:32 on Sat 7 Apr to 21:52 on Sat 7 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-07T00:31:55Z → 1973-04-07T21:51:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 6th, 12:10–12:58 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 32011 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 7 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "lakshmi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri pancami or Laksmi pancami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Lakṣmī Pañcamī 1973 falls on Saturday 7 April. Pañcamī runs from 00:32 on Sat 7 Apr to 21:52 on Sat 7 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/lakshmi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/bhavani-utpatti", "festival": "bhavani-utpatti", "name": "Bhavānī Utpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9693, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-09T17:22:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-09T17:22:30Z", "ms": 103224150072.60413 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-10T15:38:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-10T15:38:53Z", "ms": 103304332784.87894 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-09T17:22:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-09T17:22:30Z", "ms": 103224150072.60413 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-10T15:38:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-10T15:38:53Z", "ms": 103304332784.87894 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-09T12:09:36+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-09T12:09:36Z", "ms": 103205376205.51576 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-09T12:57:36+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-09T12:57:36Z", "ms": 103208256205.51576 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-10T12:09:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-10T12:09:20Z", "ms": 103291759894.14073 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-10T12:57:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-10T12:57:20Z", "ms": 103294639894.14073 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 17:23 on Mon 9 Apr to 15:39 on Tue 10 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-09T17:22:30Z → 1973-04-10T15:38:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 9th, 12:09–12:57 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9693 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhavānī Utpatti, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 10 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhavani-utpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Annapurna puja (Beng.) (paraviddha), Bhavani-utpatti (paraviddha), Asokastami (Special when combined with naks. Punarvasu and Wednesday, after mid-day)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Bhavānī Utpatti 1973 falls on Tuesday 10 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 17:23 on Mon 9 Apr to 15:39 on Tue 10 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/bhavani-utpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/rama-navami", "festival": "rama-navami", "name": "Rāma Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4801, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-10T15:38:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-10T15:38:53Z", "ms": 103304332784.87894 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-11T14:17:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-11T14:17:05Z", "ms": 103385825056.19107 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-10T15:38:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-10T15:38:53Z", "ms": 103304332784.87894 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-11T14:17:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-11T14:17:05Z", "ms": 103385825056.19107 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-10T12:09:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-10T12:09:20Z", "ms": 103291759894.14073 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-10T12:57:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-10T12:57:20Z", "ms": 103294639894.14073 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-11T12:09:04+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-11T12:09:04Z", "ms": 103378143836.05417 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-11T12:57:04+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-11T12:57:04Z", "ms": 103381023836.05417 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 15:39 on Tue 10 Apr to 14:17 on Wed 11 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-10T15:38:53Z → 1973-04-11T14:17:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 10th, 12:09–12:57 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4801 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāma Navamī, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 11 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rama-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Ramanavami (madhyahnavyapini, special with Punarvasu naks.), Rama jayanti." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special when it falls with Punarvasu nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Rāma Navamī 1973 falls on Wednesday 11 April. Navamī runs from 15:39 on Tue 10 Apr to 14:17 on Wed 11 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/rama-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vaishakhi", "festival": "vaishakhi", "name": "Vaiśākhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26225, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 0, "key": "mesha", "name": "Meṣa", "start": { "local": "1973-04-13T13:38:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T13:38:14Z", "ms": 103556293783.97415 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-14T10:36:32+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T10:36:32Z", "ms": 106223791962.54007 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1973-04-13T13:38:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T13:38:14Z", "ms": 103556293783.97415 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-13T13:38:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T13:38:14Z", "ms": 103556293783.97415 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-12T06:21:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-12T06:21:44Z", "ms": 103443704410.60762 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-13T06:21:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T06:21:09Z", "ms": 103530068638.52292 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-13T06:21:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T06:21:09Z", "ms": 103530068638.52292 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-14T06:20:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T06:20:33Z", "ms": 103616433260.82826 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Meṣa at 13:38 on Fri 13 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-13T13:38:14Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:22 on the 12th, and from 06:21 on the 13th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from sunrise. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunrise → only-day · margin 26225 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaiśākhī, Bamako, 1973: Friday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "vaishakhi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Mesadi — Cadaka puja (Bengal), Bahag Bihu (Assam), Cheiraoba (Manipur), Visu (T. C. State), Vaisakhi (on the samkramana day commencing from sunrise)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The other names in the row (Cadaka puja, Bahag Bihu, Cheiraoba, Visu) are regional observances and wait with the regional rows.", "rashi": "Meṣa", "day_from": "sunrise" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1973-04-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1973-04-13", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vaiśākhī 1973 falls on Friday 13 April. The Sun enters Meṣa at 13:38 on Fri 13 Apr, and the rule counts the day from sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vaishakhi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-04-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22626, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-12T13:16:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-12T13:16:58Z", "ms": 103468617557.27032 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-13T12:38:15+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T12:38:15Z", "ms": 103552694547.87605 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-12T13:16:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-12T13:16:58Z", "ms": 103468617557.27032 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-13T12:38:15+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T12:38:15Z", "ms": 103552694547.87605 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-12T06:21:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-12T06:21:44Z", "ms": 103443704410.60762 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-12T06:21:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-12T06:21:44Z", "ms": 103443704410.60762 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-13T06:21:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T06:21:09Z", "ms": 103530068638.52292 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-13T06:21:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-13T06:21:09Z", "ms": 103530068638.52292 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:17 on Thu 12 Apr to 12:38 on Fri 13 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-12T13:16:58Z → 1973-04-13T12:38:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:22 on the 12th and 06:21 on the 13th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 12th and is on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22626 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Friday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kāmadā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Friday 13 April. Ekādaśī runs from 13:17 on Thu 12 Apr to 12:38 on Fri 13 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-04-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ananga-trayodashi", "festival": "ananga-trayodashi", "name": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 768, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-14T12:21:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T12:21:05Z", "ms": 103638065426.0205 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-15T12:26:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T12:26:22Z", "ms": 103724781876.75624 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-14T12:21:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T12:21:05Z", "ms": 103638065426.0205 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-15T12:26:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T12:26:22Z", "ms": 103724781876.75624 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-14T12:08:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T12:08:17Z", "ms": 103637297361.64658 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-14T12:56:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T12:56:17Z", "ms": 103640177361.64658 } }, "covered_min": 35, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-15T12:08:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T12:08:02Z", "ms": 103723682498.74622 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-15T12:56:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T12:56:02Z", "ms": 103726562498.74622 } }, "covered_min": 18, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 12:21 on Sat 14 Apr to 12:26 on Sun 15 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-14T12:21:05Z → 1973-04-15T12:26:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 14th, 12:08–12:56 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 35 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 18 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 768 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 14 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananga-trayodashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 13 Ananga trayodasi (purvaviddha), Mahavira jayanti (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Anaṅga Trayodaśī 1973 falls on Saturday 14 April. Trayodaśī runs from 12:21 on Sat 14 Apr to 12:26 on Sun 15 Apr and covers 35 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 18 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ananga-trayodashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-04-14", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22665, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-14T12:21:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T12:21:05Z", "ms": 103638065426.0205 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-15T12:26:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T12:26:22Z", "ms": 103724781876.75624 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-14T12:21:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T12:21:05Z", "ms": 103638065426.0205 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-15T12:26:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T12:26:22Z", "ms": 103724781876.75624 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-14T18:44:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T18:44:01Z", "ms": 103661041462.46489 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-14T20:16:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-14T20:16:49Z", "ms": 103666609040.8476 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-15T18:44:07+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T18:44:07Z", "ms": 103747446697.15724 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-15T20:16:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T20:16:49Z", "ms": 103753008974.85748 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 12:21 on Sat 14 Apr to 12:26 on Sun 15 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-14T12:21:05Z → 1973-04-15T12:26:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:44–20:17 on the 14th, 18:44–20:17 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 93 of 93 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 93 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22665 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 14 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Saturday 14 April. Trayodaśī runs from 12:21 on Sat 14 Apr to 12:26 on Sun 15 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-04-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "festival": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "name": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-16", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 13, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-15T12:26:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T12:26:22Z", "ms": 103724781876.75624 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-16T12:55:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-16T12:55:35Z", "ms": 103812934854.57181 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-15T12:26:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T12:26:22Z", "ms": 103724781876.75624 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-16T12:55:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-16T12:55:35Z", "ms": 103812934854.57181 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-15T12:08:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T12:08:02Z", "ms": 103723682498.74622 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-15T12:56:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-15T12:56:02Z", "ms": 103726562498.74622 } }, "covered_min": 30, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-16T12:07:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-16T12:07:48Z", "ms": 103810067981.3429 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-16T12:55:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-16T12:55:48Z", "ms": 103812947981.3429 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 12:26 on Sun 15 Apr to 12:56 on Mon 16 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-15T12:26:22Z → 1973-04-16T12:55:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 15th, 12:08–12:56 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 30 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 13 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī, Bamako, 1973: Monday 16 April.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Madanabhanji, (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Sivadamanaka caturdasi, Visnudamanaka caturdasi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-16", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī 1973 falls on Monday 16 April. Caturdaśī runs from 12:26 on Sun 15 Apr to 12:56 on Mon 16 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 30 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken. It is 0 min 13 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/chaitri-purnima", "festival": "chaitri-purnima", "name": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-17", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 13, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-04-16T12:55:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-16T12:55:35Z", "ms": 103812934854.57181 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-17T13:50:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-17T13:50:30Z", "ms": 103902629609.65218 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-16T12:55:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-16T12:55:35Z", "ms": 103812934854.57181 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-17T13:50:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-17T13:50:30Z", "ms": 103902629609.65218 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-16T12:07:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-16T12:07:48Z", "ms": 103810067981.3429 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-16T12:55:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-16T12:55:48Z", "ms": 103812947981.3429 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-04-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-17T12:07:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-17T12:07:34Z", "ms": 103896453827.89479 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-17T12:55:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-17T12:55:34Z", "ms": 103899333827.89479 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 12:56 on Mon 16 Apr to 13:50 on Tue 17 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-16T12:55:35Z → 1973-04-17T13:50:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 16th, 12:08–12:56 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 13 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 17 April.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chaitri-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Caitri purnima (paraviddha), Hanumat jayanti, Oli ending (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-17", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-17", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Caitrī Pūrṇimā 1973 falls on Tuesday 17 April. Pūrṇimā runs from 12:56 on Mon 16 Apr to 13:50 on Tue 17 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 0 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken. It is 0 min 13 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/chaitri-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-04-20", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1819, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-20T19:13:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-20T19:13:13Z", "ms": 104181192504.24287 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-21T21:43:06+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-21T21:43:06Z", "ms": 104276586095.54506 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-20T19:13:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-20T19:13:13Z", "ms": 104181192504.24287 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-21T21:43:06+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-21T21:43:06Z", "ms": 104276586095.54506 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-20T21:22:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-20T21:22:56Z", "ms": 104188976164.19537 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-20T21:22:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-20T21:22:56Z", "ms": 104188976164.19537 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-21T22:13:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-21T22:13:25Z", "ms": 104278404675.58035 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-21T22:13:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-21T22:13:25Z", "ms": 104278404675.58035 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:13 on Fri 20 Apr to 21:43 on Sat 21 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-20T19:13:13Z → 1973-04-21T21:43:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:23 on the 20th and 22:13 on the 21st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1819 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Friday 20 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Friday 20 April. Caturthī runs from 19:13 on Fri 20 Apr to 21:43 on Sat 21 Apr and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-04-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-04-29", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2409, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-28T07:40:36+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-28T07:40:36Z", "ms": 104830836313.54678 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-29T06:52:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-29T06:52:54Z", "ms": 104914374189.09613 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-28T07:40:36+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-28T07:40:36Z", "ms": 104830836313.54678 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-29T06:52:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-29T06:52:54Z", "ms": 104914374189.09613 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-28T06:13:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-28T06:13:12Z", "ms": 104825591734.59999 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-28T06:13:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-28T06:13:12Z", "ms": 104825591734.59999 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-29T06:12:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-29T06:12:45Z", "ms": 104911964837.53564 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-29T06:12:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-29T06:12:45Z", "ms": 104911964837.53564 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 07:41 on Sat 28 Apr to 06:53 on Sun 29 Apr.", "fact": "1973-04-28T07:40:36Z → 1973-04-29T06:52:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:13 on the 28th and 06:13 on the 29th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 28th and is on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2409 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 29 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Varūthinī Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Sunday 29 April. Ekādaśī runs from 07:41 on Sat 28 Apr to 06:53 on Sun 29 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-04-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-04-30", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-04-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24105, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-04-30T05:16:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-30T05:16:56Z", "ms": 104995015508.89505 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-01T02:59:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-01T02:59:13Z", "ms": 105073153237.82611 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-04-30T05:16:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-30T05:16:56Z", "ms": 104995015508.89505 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-01T02:59:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-01T02:59:13Z", "ms": 105073153237.82611 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-29T18:45:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-29T18:45:52Z", "ms": 104957151654.76353 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-29T20:17:23+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-29T20:17:23Z", "ms": 104962643253.95644 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 92, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-04-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-04-30T18:46:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-30T18:46:02Z", "ms": 105043561744.00528 }, "end": { "local": "1973-04-30T20:17:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-04-30T20:17:29Z", "ms": 105049048602.12051 } }, "covered_min": 91, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:17 on Mon 30 Apr to 02:59 on Tue 1 May.", "fact": "1973-04-30T05:16:56Z → 1973-05-01T02:59:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:46–20:17 on the 29th, 18:46–20:17 on the 30th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 92 minutes on the 29th and 91 of 91 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24105 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Monday 30 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-04-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Monday 30 April. Trayodaśī runs from 05:17 on Mon 30 Apr to 02:59 on Tue 1 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-04-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-05-01", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-01", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 223, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-01T02:59:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-01T02:59:13Z", "ms": 105073153237.82611 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-02T00:08:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-02T00:08:33Z", "ms": 105149312966.37648 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-01T02:59:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-01T02:59:13Z", "ms": 105073153237.82611 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-02T00:08:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-02T00:08:33Z", "ms": 105149312966.37648 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-04-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-01T00:04:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-01T00:04:57Z", "ms": 105062697461.93742 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-01T00:52:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-01T00:52:57Z", "ms": 105065577461.93742 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-02T00:04:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-02T00:04:50Z", "ms": 105149090318.10313 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-02T00:52:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-02T00:52:50Z", "ms": 105151970318.10313 } }, "covered_min": 4, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 02:59 on Tue 1 May to 00:09 on Wed 2 May.", "fact": "1973-05-01T02:59:13Z → 1973-05-02T00:08:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:05–00:53 on the 30th, 00:05–00:53 on the 1st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 4 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 223 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 1 May.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-01", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-01", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Tuesday 1 May. Caturdaśī runs from 02:59 on Tue 1 May to 00:09 on Wed 2 May and covers 4 of 48 minutes of niśītha that night. It is 3 min 43 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-05-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/parashurama-jayanti", "festival": "parashurama-jayanti", "name": "Paraśurāma Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17220, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-05-04T13:59:46+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-04T13:59:46Z", "ms": 105371985506.55093 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-05T10:37:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T10:37:58Z", "ms": 105446278088.56964 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-04T13:59:46+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-04T13:59:46Z", "ms": 105371985506.55093 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-05T10:37:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T10:37:58Z", "ms": 105446278088.56964 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-04T18:46:46+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-04T18:46:46Z", "ms": 105389205678.14214 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-04T20:17:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-04T20:17:54Z", "ms": 105394674078.98781 } }, "covered_min": 91, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-05T18:46:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T18:46:58Z", "ms": 105475617527.666 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-05T20:18:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T20:18:01Z", "ms": 105481081449.4825 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 14:00 on Fri 4 May to 10:38 on Sat 5 May.", "fact": "1973-05-04T13:59:46Z → 1973-05-05T10:37:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:47–20:18 on the 4th, 18:47–20:18 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 91 of 91 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 91 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17220 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Jayantī, Bamako, 1973: Friday 4 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Paraśurāma Jayantī 1973 falls on Friday 4 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 14:00 on Fri 4 May to 10:38 on Sat 5 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/parashurama-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/akshaya-tritiya", "festival": "akshaya-tritiya", "name": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 926, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-05-04T13:59:46+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-04T13:59:46Z", "ms": 105371985506.55093 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-05T10:37:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T10:37:58Z", "ms": 105446278088.56964 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-04T13:59:46+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-04T13:59:46Z", "ms": 105371985506.55093 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-05T10:37:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T10:37:58Z", "ms": 105446278088.56964 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-04T06:10:41+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-04T06:10:41Z", "ms": 105343841186.43427 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-04T10:22:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-04T10:22:43Z", "ms": 105358962683.67023 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 252, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-05T06:10:19+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T06:10:19Z", "ms": 105430218684.48471 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-05T10:22:32+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T10:22:32Z", "ms": 105445351632.2118 } }, "covered_min": 252, "window_min": 252, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 14:00 on Fri 4 May to 10:38 on Sat 5 May.", "fact": "1973-05-04T13:59:46Z → 1973-05-05T10:37:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:11–10:23 on the 4th, 06:10–10:23 on the 5th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 252 minutes on the 4th and 252 of 252 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 926 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 5 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Rohiṇī nakṣatra and a Wednesday; neither is tested.", "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Akṣaya Tṛtīyā 1973 falls on Saturday 5 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 14:00 on Fri 4 May to 10:38 on Sat 5 May and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/akshaya-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-05-05", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5200, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-05T10:37:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T10:37:58Z", "ms": 105446278088.56964 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-06T07:31:36+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-06T07:31:36Z", "ms": 105521496326.25652 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-05T10:37:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T10:37:58Z", "ms": 105446278088.56964 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-06T07:31:36+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-06T07:31:36Z", "ms": 105521496326.25652 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-05T12:04:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T12:04:38Z", "ms": 105451478106.07535 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-05T12:52:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-05T12:52:38Z", "ms": 105454358106.07535 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-06T12:04:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-06T12:04:33Z", "ms": 105537873325.37515 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-06T12:52:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-06T12:52:33Z", "ms": 105540753325.37515 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 10:38 on Sat 5 May to 07:32 on Sun 6 May.", "fact": "1973-05-05T10:37:58Z → 1973-05-06T07:31:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:05–12:53 on the 5th, 12:05–12:53 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5200 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 5 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Saturday 5 May. Caturthī runs from 10:38 on Sat 5 May to 07:32 on Sun 6 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-05-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shankara-jayanti", "festival": "shankara-jayanti", "name": "Śaṅkara Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16377, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-06T07:31:36+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-06T07:31:36Z", "ms": 105521496326.25652 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-07T04:47:41+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-07T04:47:41Z", "ms": 105598061347.78319 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-06T07:31:36+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-06T07:31:36Z", "ms": 105521496326.25652 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-07T04:47:41+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-07T04:47:41Z", "ms": 105598061347.78319 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-06T12:04:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-06T12:04:33Z", "ms": 105537873325.37515 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-06T12:52:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-06T12:52:33Z", "ms": 105540753325.37515 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-07T12:04:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-07T12:04:29Z", "ms": 105624269090.15059 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-07T12:52:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-07T12:52:29Z", "ms": 105627149090.15059 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 07:32 on Sun 6 May to 04:48 on Mon 7 May.", "fact": "1973-05-06T07:31:36Z → 1973-05-07T04:47:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:05–12:53 on the 6th, 12:04–12:52 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16377 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śaṅkara Jayantī, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 6 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shankara-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sankara jayanti." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śaṅkara Jayantī 1973 falls on Sunday 6 May. Pañcamī runs from 07:32 on Sun 6 May to 04:48 on Mon 7 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shankara-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/gangotpatti", "festival": "gangotpatti", "name": "Gaṅgotpatti", "everyday": "Ganga Saptami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34372, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-08T02:31:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-08T02:31:34Z", "ms": 105676293829.1735 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-09T00:46:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-09T00:46:44Z", "ms": 105756404130.15813 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-08T02:31:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-08T02:31:34Z", "ms": 105676293829.1735 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-09T00:46:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-09T00:46:44Z", "ms": 105756404130.15813 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-08T12:04:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-08T12:04:25Z", "ms": 105710665401.03564 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-08T12:52:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-08T12:52:25Z", "ms": 105713545401.03564 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-09T12:04:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-09T12:04:22Z", "ms": 105797062259.33847 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-09T12:52:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-09T12:52:22Z", "ms": 105799942259.33847 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 02:32 on Tue 8 May to 00:47 on Wed 9 May.", "fact": "1973-05-08T02:31:34Z → 1973-05-09T00:46:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:04–12:52 on the 8th, 12:04–12:52 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 34372 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṅgotpatti, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 8 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gangotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 1973 falls on Tuesday 8 May. Saptamī runs from 02:32 on Tue 8 May to 00:47 on Wed 9 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/gangotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-05-12", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mohinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24958, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-11T22:48:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-11T22:48:58Z", "ms": 106008537987.70258 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-12T23:11:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T23:11:48Z", "ms": 106096308193.34988 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-11T22:48:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-11T22:48:58Z", "ms": 106008537987.70258 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-12T23:11:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T23:11:48Z", "ms": 106096308193.34988 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-12T06:08:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T06:08:03Z", "ms": 106034882835.14932 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-12T06:08:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T06:08:03Z", "ms": 106034882835.14932 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-13T06:07:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-13T06:07:47Z", "ms": 106121266621.65483 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-13T06:07:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-13T06:07:47Z", "ms": 106121266621.65483 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 22:49 on Fri 11 May to 23:12 on Sat 12 May.", "fact": "1973-05-11T22:48:58Z → 1973-05-12T23:11:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:08 on the 12th and 06:08 on the 13th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 12th and is not on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24958 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mohinī Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 12 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Mohinī Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Saturday 12 May. Ekādaśī runs from 22:49 on Fri 11 May to 23:12 on Sat 12 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-05-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/parashurama-dvadashi", "festival": "parashurama-dvadashi", "name": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37172, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-12T23:11:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T23:11:48Z", "ms": 106096308193.34988 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-14T00:02:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T00:02:20Z", "ms": 106185740072.51921 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-12T23:11:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T23:11:48Z", "ms": 106096308193.34988 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-14T00:02:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T00:02:20Z", "ms": 106185740072.51921 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-12T12:04:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T12:04:16Z", "ms": 106056256137.98053 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-12T12:52:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T12:52:16Z", "ms": 106059136137.98053 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-05-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-13T12:04:15+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-13T12:04:15Z", "ms": 106142655205.60806 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-13T12:52:15+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-13T12:52:15Z", "ms": 106145535205.60806 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 23:12 on Sat 12 May to 00:02 on Mon 14 May.", "fact": "1973-05-12T23:11:48Z → 1973-05-14T00:02:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:04–12:52 on the 12th, 12:04–12:52 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 37172 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 13 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Paraśurāma Dvādaśī 1973 falls on Sunday 13 May. Dvādaśī runs from 23:12 on Sat 12 May to 00:02 on Mon 14 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/parashurama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/rukmini-dvadashi", "festival": "rukmini-dvadashi", "name": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37172, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-12T23:11:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T23:11:48Z", "ms": 106096308193.34988 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-14T00:02:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T00:02:20Z", "ms": 106185740072.51921 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-12T23:11:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T23:11:48Z", "ms": 106096308193.34988 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-14T00:02:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T00:02:20Z", "ms": 106185740072.51921 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-12T12:04:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T12:04:16Z", "ms": 106056256137.98053 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-12T12:52:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-12T12:52:16Z", "ms": 106059136137.98053 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-05-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-13T12:04:15+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-13T12:04:15Z", "ms": 106142655205.60806 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-13T12:52:15+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-13T12:52:15Z", "ms": 106145535205.60806 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 23:12 on Sat 12 May to 00:02 on Mon 14 May.", "fact": "1973-05-12T23:11:48Z → 1973-05-14T00:02:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:04–12:52 on the 12th, 12:04–12:52 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 37172 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 13 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rukmini-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī 1973 falls on Sunday 13 May. Dvādaśī runs from 23:12 on Sat 12 May to 00:02 on Mon 14 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/rukmini-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-05-14", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13386, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-14T00:02:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T00:02:20Z", "ms": 106185740072.51921 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-15T01:18:23+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-15T01:18:23Z", "ms": 106276703048.79715 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-14T00:02:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T00:02:20Z", "ms": 106185740072.51921 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-15T01:18:23+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-15T01:18:23Z", "ms": 106276703048.79715 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-13T18:48:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-13T18:48:44Z", "ms": 106166923789.5613 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-13T20:19:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-13T20:19:14Z", "ms": 106172354115.25452 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-14T18:48:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T18:48:58Z", "ms": 106253338428.12164 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-14T20:19:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T20:19:25Z", "ms": 106258764861.03032 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 00:02 on Mon 14 May to 01:18 on Tue 15 May.", "fact": "1973-05-14T00:02:20Z → 1973-05-15T01:18:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:49–20:19 on the 13th, 18:49–20:19 on the 14th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 91 minutes on the 13th and 90 of 90 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13386 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Monday 14 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Monday 14 May. Trayodaśī runs from 00:02 on Mon 14 May to 01:18 on Tue 15 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-05-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "festival": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "name": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Narasimha Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17938, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-15T01:18:23+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-15T01:18:23Z", "ms": 106276703048.79715 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-16T02:57:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T02:57:47Z", "ms": 106369066839.35852 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-15T01:18:23+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-15T01:18:23Z", "ms": 106276703048.79715 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-16T02:57:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T02:57:47Z", "ms": 106369066839.35852 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-14T18:48:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T18:48:58Z", "ms": 106253338428.12164 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-14T20:19:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-14T20:19:25Z", "ms": 106258764861.03032 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-15T18:49:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-15T18:49:13Z", "ms": 106339753350.71657 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-15T20:19:36+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-15T20:19:36Z", "ms": 106345175964.90334 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 01:18 on Tue 15 May to 02:58 on Wed 16 May.", "fact": "1973-05-15T01:18:23Z → 1973-05-16T02:57:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:49–20:19 on the 14th, 18:49–20:20 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 90 minutes on the 14th and 90 of 90 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17938 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 15 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Nrsimha caturdasi (pradosa vyapini — if it occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed, special when combined with naksatra 'Svati', yoga 'Siddhi' and 'Saturday')." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Svātī nakṣatra, Siddhi yoga and a Saturday; none is tested.", "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī (Narasimha Jayanti) 1973 falls on Tuesday 15 May. Caturdaśī runs from 01:18 on Tue 15 May to 02:58 on Wed 16 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/buddha-purnima", "festival": "buddha-purnima", "name": "Buddha Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25575, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-05-16T02:57:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T02:57:47Z", "ms": 106369066839.35852 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-17T04:58:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-17T04:58:02Z", "ms": 106462682127.86908 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-16T02:57:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T02:57:47Z", "ms": 106369066839.35852 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-17T04:58:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-17T04:58:02Z", "ms": 106462682127.86908 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-16T12:04:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T12:04:16Z", "ms": 106401855753.99174 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-16T12:52:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T12:52:16Z", "ms": 106404735753.99174 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-17T12:04:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-17T12:04:17Z", "ms": 106488257053.43936 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-17T12:52:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-17T12:52:17Z", "ms": 106491137053.43936 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 02:58 on Wed 16 May to 04:58 on Thu 17 May.", "fact": "1973-05-16T02:57:47Z → 1973-05-17T04:58:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:04–12:52 on the 16th, 12:04–12:52 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25575 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Buddha Pūrṇimā, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 16 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "buddha-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Buddha Pūrṇimā 1973 falls on Wednesday 16 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 02:58 on Wed 16 May to 04:58 on Thu 17 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/buddha-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/sampat-gauri-vrata", "festival": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "name": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25575, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-05-16T02:57:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T02:57:47Z", "ms": 106369066839.35852 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-17T04:58:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-17T04:58:02Z", "ms": 106462682127.86908 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-16T02:57:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T02:57:47Z", "ms": 106369066839.35852 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-17T04:58:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-17T04:58:02Z", "ms": 106462682127.86908 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-16T12:04:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T12:04:16Z", "ms": 106401855753.99174 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-16T12:52:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-16T12:52:16Z", "ms": 106404735753.99174 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-17T12:04:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-17T12:04:17Z", "ms": 106488257053.43936 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-17T12:52:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-17T12:52:17Z", "ms": 106491137053.43936 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 02:58 on Wed 16 May to 04:58 on Thu 17 May.", "fact": "1973-05-16T02:57:47Z → 1973-05-17T04:58:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:04–12:52 on the 16th, 12:04–12:52 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25575 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 16 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Sampat Gaurī Vrata 1973 falls on Wednesday 16 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 02:58 on Wed 16 May to 04:58 on Thu 17 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/sampat-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-05-20", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27340, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-20T12:21:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-20T12:21:57Z", "ms": 106748516631.90887 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-21T14:54:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-21T14:54:11Z", "ms": 106844050935.01613 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-20T12:21:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-20T12:21:57Z", "ms": 106748516631.90887 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-21T14:54:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-21T14:54:11Z", "ms": 106844050935.01613 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-20T21:44:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-20T21:44:56Z", "ms": 106782296434.04292 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-20T21:44:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-20T21:44:56Z", "ms": 106782296434.04292 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-21T22:29:51+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-21T22:29:51Z", "ms": 106871390591.70467 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-21T22:29:51+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-21T22:29:51Z", "ms": 106871390591.70467 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:22 on Sun 20 May to 14:54 on Mon 21 May.", "fact": "1973-05-20T12:21:57Z → 1973-05-21T14:54:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:45 on the 20th and 22:30 on the 21st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27340 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 20 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Sunday 20 May. Caturthī runs from 12:22 on Sun 20 May to 14:54 on Mon 21 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-05-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-05-28", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Aparā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38564, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-27T19:22:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-27T19:22:42Z", "ms": 107378561725.87242 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-28T17:28:21+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-28T17:28:21Z", "ms": 107458101018.28688 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-27T19:22:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-27T19:22:42Z", "ms": 107378561725.87242 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-28T17:28:21+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-28T17:28:21Z", "ms": 107458101018.28688 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-28T06:05:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-28T06:05:25Z", "ms": 107417125418.33812 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-28T06:05:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-28T06:05:25Z", "ms": 107417125418.33812 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-29T06:05:23+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-29T06:05:23Z", "ms": 107503522889.78903 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-29T06:05:23+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-29T06:05:23Z", "ms": 107503522889.78903 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 19:23 on Sun 27 May to 17:28 on Mon 28 May.", "fact": "1973-05-27T19:22:42Z → 1973-05-28T17:28:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:05 on the 28th and 06:05 on the 29th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 28th and is not on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 38564 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aparā Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Monday 28 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Aparā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Monday 28 May. Ekādaśī runs from 19:23 on Sun 27 May to 17:28 on Mon 28 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-05-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-05-29", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14366, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-29T14:53:40+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-29T14:53:40Z", "ms": 107535220270.2291 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-30T11:46:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-30T11:46:45Z", "ms": 107610405057.95018 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-29T14:53:40+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-29T14:53:40Z", "ms": 107535220270.2291 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-30T11:46:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-30T11:46:45Z", "ms": 107610405057.95018 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-29T18:53:07+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-29T18:53:07Z", "ms": 107549586715.18886 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-29T20:22:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-29T20:22:45Z", "ms": 107554964646.34505 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-05-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-30T18:53:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-30T18:53:25Z", "ms": 107636004557.4203 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-30T20:23:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-30T20:23:00Z", "ms": 107641379994.14632 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:54 on Tue 29 May to 11:47 on Wed 30 May.", "fact": "1973-05-29T14:53:40Z → 1973-05-30T11:46:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:53–20:23 on the 29th, 18:53–20:23 on the 30th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 90 of 90 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 90 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14366 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 29 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Tuesday 29 May. Trayodaśī runs from 14:54 on Tue 29 May to 11:47 on Wed 30 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-05-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-05-30", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-05-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26614, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-05-30T11:46:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-30T11:46:45Z", "ms": 107610405057.95018 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-31T08:16:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-31T08:16:57Z", "ms": 107684216848.93626 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-05-30T11:46:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-30T11:46:45Z", "ms": 107610405057.95018 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-31T08:16:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-31T08:16:57Z", "ms": 107684216848.93626 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-05-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-30T00:05:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-30T00:05:14Z", "ms": 107568313957.02454 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-30T00:53:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-30T00:53:14Z", "ms": 107571193957.02454 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-05-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-05-31T00:05:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-31T00:05:22Z", "ms": 107654722445.14282 }, "end": { "local": "1973-05-31T00:53:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-05-31T00:53:22Z", "ms": 107657602445.14282 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 11:47 on Wed 30 May to 08:17 on Thu 31 May.", "fact": "1973-05-30T11:46:45Z → 1973-05-31T08:16:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:05–00:53 on the 29th, 00:05–00:53 on the 30th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26614 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 30 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Wednesday 30 May. Caturdaśī runs from 11:47 on Wed 30 May to 08:17 on Thu 31 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-05-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/rambha-tritiya", "festival": "rambha-tritiya", "name": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17652, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-06-02T21:10:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-02T21:10:18Z", "ms": 107903417967.25645 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-03T17:48:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-03T17:48:12Z", "ms": 107977691670.19989 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-02T21:10:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-02T21:10:18Z", "ms": 107903417967.25645 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-03T17:48:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-03T17:48:12Z", "ms": 107977691670.19989 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-02T12:05:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-02T12:05:50Z", "ms": 107870749638.6152 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-02T12:53:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-02T12:53:50Z", "ms": 107873629638.6152 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-06-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-03T12:05:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-03T12:05:59Z", "ms": 107957159328.8869 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-03T12:53:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-03T12:53:59Z", "ms": 107960039328.8869 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 21:10 on Sat 2 Jun to 17:48 on Sun 3 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-02T21:10:18Z → 1973-06-03T17:48:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:06–12:54 on the 2nd, 12:06–12:54 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 17652 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 3 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rambha-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Rambha trtiya (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Rambhā Tṛtīyā 1973 falls on Sunday 3 June. Tṛtīyā runs from 21:10 on Sat 2 Jun to 17:48 on Sun 3 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/rambha-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-06-04", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6998, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-03T17:48:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-03T17:48:12Z", "ms": 107977691670.19989 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-04T14:50:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-04T14:50:47Z", "ms": 108053446929.99178 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-03T17:48:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-03T17:48:12Z", "ms": 107977691670.19989 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-04T14:50:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-04T14:50:47Z", "ms": 108053446929.99178 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-03T12:05:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-03T12:05:59Z", "ms": 107957159328.8869 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-03T12:53:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-03T12:53:59Z", "ms": 107960039328.8869 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-06-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-04T12:06:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-04T12:06:09Z", "ms": 108043569366.05418 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-04T12:54:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-04T12:54:09Z", "ms": 108046449366.05418 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 17:48 on Sun 3 Jun to 14:51 on Mon 4 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-03T17:48:12Z → 1973-06-04T14:50:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:06–12:54 on the 3rd, 12:06–12:54 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6998 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Monday 4 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Monday 4 June. Caturthī runs from 17:48 on Sun 3 Jun to 14:51 on Mon 4 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-06-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/aranya-gauri-vrata", "festival": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "name": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1129, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-05T12:25:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-05T12:25:09Z", "ms": 108131108992.79863 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-06T10:36:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-06T10:36:44Z", "ms": 108211004067.55246 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-05T12:25:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-05T12:25:09Z", "ms": 108131108992.79863 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-06T10:36:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-06T10:36:44Z", "ms": 108211004067.55246 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-05T12:06:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-05T12:06:20Z", "ms": 108129979727.91269 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-05T12:54:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-05T12:54:20Z", "ms": 108132859727.91269 } }, "covered_min": 29, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-06T12:06:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-06T12:06:30Z", "ms": 108216390393.20679 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-06T12:54:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-06T12:54:30Z", "ms": 108219270393.20679 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 12:25 on Tue 5 Jun to 10:37 on Wed 6 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-05T12:25:09Z → 1973-06-06T10:36:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:06–12:54 on the 5th, 12:07–12:55 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 29 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1129 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 5 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Araṇya Gaurī Vrata 1973 falls on Tuesday 5 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 12:25 on Tue 5 Jun to 10:37 on Wed 6 Jun and covers 29 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/aranya-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "festival": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1129, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-05T12:25:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-05T12:25:09Z", "ms": 108131108992.79863 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-06T10:36:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-06T10:36:44Z", "ms": 108211004067.55246 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-05T12:25:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-05T12:25:09Z", "ms": 108131108992.79863 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-06T10:36:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-06T10:36:44Z", "ms": 108211004067.55246 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-05T12:06:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-05T12:06:20Z", "ms": 108129979727.91269 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-05T12:54:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-05T12:54:20Z", "ms": 108132859727.91269 } }, "covered_min": 29, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-06T12:06:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-06T12:06:30Z", "ms": 108216390393.20679 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-06T12:54:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-06T12:54:30Z", "ms": 108219270393.20679 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 12:25 on Tue 5 Jun to 10:37 on Wed 6 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-05T12:25:09Z → 1973-06-06T10:36:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:06–12:54 on the 5th, 12:07–12:55 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 29 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1129 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha), Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 5 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha) 1973 falls on Tuesday 5 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 12:25 on Tue 5 Jun to 10:37 on Wed 6 Jun and covers 29 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-06-11", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14639, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-10T10:09:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-10T10:09:52Z", "ms": 108554992177.50328 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-11T11:34:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-11T11:34:33Z", "ms": 108646472999.15167 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-10T10:09:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-10T10:09:52Z", "ms": 108554992177.50328 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-11T11:34:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-11T11:34:33Z", "ms": 108646472999.15167 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-10T06:05:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-10T06:05:53Z", "ms": 108540353421.86156 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-10T06:05:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-10T06:05:53Z", "ms": 108540353421.86156 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-06-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-11T06:06:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-11T06:06:01Z", "ms": 108626760544.7567 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-11T06:06:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-11T06:06:01Z", "ms": 108626760544.7567 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:10 on Sun 10 Jun to 11:35 on Mon 11 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-10T10:09:52Z → 1973-06-11T11:34:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:06 on the 10th and 06:06 on the 11th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 10th and is on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14639 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Monday 11 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Nirjalā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Monday 11 June. Ekādaśī runs from 10:10 on Sun 10 Jun to 11:35 on Mon 11 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-06-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shri-rama-dvadashi", "festival": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "name": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1810, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-11T11:34:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-11T11:34:33Z", "ms": 108646472999.15167 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-12T13:25:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-12T13:25:50Z", "ms": 108739549693.4196 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-11T11:34:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-11T11:34:33Z", "ms": 108646472999.15167 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-12T13:25:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-12T13:25:50Z", "ms": 108739549693.4196 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-11T12:07:28+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-11T12:07:28Z", "ms": 108648447576.08972 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-11T12:55:28+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-11T12:55:28Z", "ms": 108651327576.08972 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-06-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-12T12:07:40+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-12T12:07:40Z", "ms": 108734859649.57428 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-12T12:55:40+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-12T12:55:40Z", "ms": 108737739649.57428 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 11:35 on Mon 11 Jun to 13:26 on Tue 12 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-11T11:34:33Z → 1973-06-12T13:25:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:07–12:55 on the 11th, 12:08–12:56 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 1810 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Monday 11 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Sri Rama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Campaka dvadasi (Orissa) (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī 1973 falls on Monday 11 June. Dvādaśī runs from 11:35 on Mon 11 Jun to 13:26 on Tue 12 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shri-rama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-06-12", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12010, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-12T13:25:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-12T13:25:50Z", "ms": 108739549693.4196 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-13T15:37:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-13T15:37:17Z", "ms": 108833836655.7782 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-12T13:25:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-12T13:25:50Z", "ms": 108739549693.4196 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-13T15:37:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-13T15:37:17Z", "ms": 108833836655.7782 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-12T18:57:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-12T18:57:11Z", "ms": 108759431001.4695 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-12T20:26:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-12T20:26:24Z", "ms": 108764783756.51707 } }, "covered_min": 89, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-06-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-13T18:57:27+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-13T18:57:27Z", "ms": 108845847117.45293 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-13T20:26:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-13T20:26:39Z", "ms": 108851198918.86304 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:26 on Tue 12 Jun to 15:37 on Wed 13 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-12T13:25:50Z → 1973-06-13T15:37:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:57–20:26 on the 12th, 18:57–20:27 on the 13th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 89 of 89 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 89 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12010 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 12 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Tuesday 12 June. Trayodaśī runs from 13:26 on Tue 12 Jun to 15:37 on Wed 13 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-06-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vata-savitri-vrata", "festival": "vata-savitri-vrata", "name": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 445, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-06-14T18:02:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-14T18:02:22Z", "ms": 108928941754.8811 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-15T20:34:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-15T20:34:34Z", "ms": 109024473704.14868 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-14T18:02:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-14T18:02:22Z", "ms": 108928941754.8811 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-15T20:34:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-15T20:34:34Z", "ms": 109024473704.14868 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-14T18:57:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-14T18:57:43Z", "ms": 108932262933.5997 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-14T20:26:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-14T20:26:54Z", "ms": 108937613898.6835 } }, "covered_min": 89, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-06-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-15T18:57:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-15T18:57:58Z", "ms": 109018678428.22937 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-15T20:27:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-15T20:27:09Z", "ms": 109024028674.85945 } }, "covered_min": 89, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 18:02 on Thu 14 Jun to 20:35 on Fri 15 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-14T18:02:22Z → 1973-06-15T20:34:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:58–20:27 on the 14th, 18:58–20:27 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 89 of 89 minutes on the 14th and 89 of 89 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 445 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 14 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vata-savitri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Vata-savitri vrata (Deccan) (pradosavyapini, purvaviddha), Snanayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata 1973 falls on Thursday 14 June. Pūrṇimā runs from 18:02 on Thu 14 Jun to 20:35 on Fri 15 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 89 minutes; by the rule the first evening is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vata-savitri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-06-19", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23713, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-19T03:46:21+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-19T03:46:21Z", "ms": 109309581400.06432 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-20T05:37:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-20T05:37:58Z", "ms": 109402677805.14146 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-19T03:46:21+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-19T03:46:21Z", "ms": 109309581400.06432 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-20T05:37:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-20T05:37:58Z", "ms": 109402677805.14146 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-18T21:11:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-18T21:11:09Z", "ms": 109285868502.9153 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-18T21:11:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-18T21:11:09Z", "ms": 109285868502.9153 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-06-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-19T21:52:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-19T21:52:05Z", "ms": 109374724701.91833 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-19T21:52:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-19T21:52:05Z", "ms": 109374724701.91833 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:46 on Tue 19 Jun to 05:38 on Wed 20 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-19T03:46:21Z → 1973-06-20T05:37:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:11 on the 18th and 21:52 on the 19th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 18th and is on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23713 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 19 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Tuesday 19 June. Caturthī runs from 03:46 on Tue 19 Jun to 05:38 on Wed 20 Jun and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-06-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-06-26", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Yoginī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7364, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-26T04:06:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-26T04:06:09Z", "ms": 109915569425.532 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-27T01:31:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-27T01:31:33Z", "ms": 109992693067.8945 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-26T04:06:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-26T04:06:09Z", "ms": 109915569425.532 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-27T01:31:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-27T01:31:33Z", "ms": 109992693067.8945 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-26T06:08:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-26T06:08:53Z", "ms": 109922933065.04086 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-26T06:08:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-26T06:08:53Z", "ms": 109922933065.04086 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-06-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-27T06:09:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-27T06:09:08Z", "ms": 110009348044.9253 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-27T06:09:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-27T06:09:08Z", "ms": 110009348044.9253 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:06 on Tue 26 Jun to 01:32 on Wed 27 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-26T04:06:09Z → 1973-06-27T01:31:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:09 on the 26th and 06:09 on the 27th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 26th and is not on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7364 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yoginī Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 26 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Yoginī Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Tuesday 26 June. Ekādaśī runs from 04:06 on Tue 26 Jun to 01:32 on Wed 27 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-06-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-06-28", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-28", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 27, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-27T22:27:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-27T22:27:17Z", "ms": 110068036541.91872 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-28T19:01:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-28T19:01:08Z", "ms": 110142068093.29576 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-27T22:27:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-27T22:27:17Z", "ms": 110068036541.91872 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-28T19:01:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-28T19:01:08Z", "ms": 110142068093.29576 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-27T19:00:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-27T19:00:31Z", "ms": 110055631434.89508 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-27T20:29:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-27T20:29:42Z", "ms": 110060982353.67383 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-06-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-28T19:00:41+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-28T19:00:41Z", "ms": 110142040777.34671 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-28T20:29:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-28T20:29:53Z", "ms": 110147392524.07439 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:27 on Wed 27 Jun to 19:01 on Thu 28 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-27T22:27:17Z → 1973-06-28T19:01:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:01–20:30 on the 27th, 19:01–20:30 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 89 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 89 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 28 June.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-28", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-28", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Thursday 28 June. Trayodaśī runs from 22:27 on Wed 27 Jun to 19:01 on Thu 28 Jun and covers 0 of 89 minutes of pradoṣa that evening. It is 0 min 27 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-06-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-06-28", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-06-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18602, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-06-28T19:01:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-28T19:01:08Z", "ms": 110142068093.29576 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-29T15:21:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-29T15:21:52Z", "ms": 110215311568.60455 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-06-28T19:01:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-28T19:01:08Z", "ms": 110142068093.29576 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-29T15:21:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-29T15:21:52Z", "ms": 110215311568.60455 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-06-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-29T00:11:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-29T00:11:10Z", "ms": 110160669827.57552 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-29T00:59:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-29T00:59:10Z", "ms": 110163549827.57552 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-06-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-06-30T00:11:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-30T00:11:22Z", "ms": 110247082078.6095 }, "end": { "local": "1973-06-30T00:59:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-06-30T00:59:22Z", "ms": 110249962078.6095 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:01 on Thu 28 Jun to 15:22 on Fri 29 Jun.", "fact": "1973-06-28T19:01:08Z → 1973-06-29T15:21:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:11–00:59 on the 28th, 00:11–00:59 on the 29th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18602 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 28 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-06-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Thursday 28 June. Caturdaśī runs from 19:01 on Thu 28 Jun to 15:22 on Fri 29 Jun and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-06-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/rathayatra", "festival": "rathayatra", "name": "Rathayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15019, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-07-01T08:01:19+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-01T08:01:19Z", "ms": 110361678775.29245 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-02T04:39:04+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-02T04:39:04Z", "ms": 110435944394.66167 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-01T08:01:19+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-01T08:01:19Z", "ms": 110361678775.29245 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-02T04:39:04+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-02T04:39:04Z", "ms": 110435944394.66167 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-01T12:11:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-01T12:11:38Z", "ms": 110376697788.88174 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-01T12:59:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-01T12:59:38Z", "ms": 110379577788.88174 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-07-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-02T12:11:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-02T12:11:49Z", "ms": 110463109208.14282 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-02T12:59:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-02T12:59:49Z", "ms": 110465989208.14282 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 08:01 on Sun 1 Jul to 04:39 on Mon 2 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-01T08:01:19Z → 1973-07-02T04:39:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 1st, 12:12–13:00 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15019 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rathayātrā, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 1 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rathayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Rathayatra (paraviddha, special when combined with naksatra 'Pusya')" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Puṣya nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Rathayātrā 1973 falls on Sunday 1 July. Dvitīyā runs from 08:01 on Sun 1 Jul to 04:39 on Mon 2 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/rathayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-07-03", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36950, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-03T01:41:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T01:41:08Z", "ms": 110511668307.56541 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-03T23:15:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T23:15:50Z", "ms": 110589350077.64108 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-03T01:41:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T01:41:08Z", "ms": 110511668307.56541 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-03T23:15:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T23:15:50Z", "ms": 110589350077.64108 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-02T12:11:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-02T12:11:49Z", "ms": 110463109208.14282 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-02T12:59:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-02T12:59:49Z", "ms": 110465989208.14282 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-07-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-03T12:12:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T12:12:00Z", "ms": 110549520335.88644 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-03T13:00:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T13:00:00Z", "ms": 110552400335.88644 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:41 on Tue 3 Jul to 23:16 on Tue 3 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-03T01:41:08Z → 1973-07-03T23:15:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 2nd, 12:12–13:00 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36950 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 3 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Tuesday 3 July. Caturthī runs from 01:41 on Tue 3 Jul to 23:16 on Tue 3 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-07-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/skanda-panchami", "festival": "skanda-panchami", "name": "Skanda Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30598, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-03T23:15:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T23:15:50Z", "ms": 110589350077.64108 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-04T21:30:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-04T21:30:10Z", "ms": 110669409557.31636 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-03T23:15:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T23:15:50Z", "ms": 110589350077.64108 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-04T21:30:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-04T21:30:10Z", "ms": 110669409557.31636 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-03T12:12:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T12:12:00Z", "ms": 110549520335.88644 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-03T13:00:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-03T13:00:00Z", "ms": 110552400335.88644 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-07-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-04T12:12:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-04T12:12:11Z", "ms": 110635931147.51636 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-04T13:00:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-04T13:00:11Z", "ms": 110638811147.51636 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 23:16 on Tue 3 Jul to 21:30 on Wed 4 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-03T23:15:50Z → 1973-07-04T21:30:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 3rd, 12:12–13:00 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30598 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Pañcamī, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 4 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Skanda pancami (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Skanda Pañcamī 1973 falls on Wednesday 4 July. Pañcamī runs from 23:16 on Tue 3 Jul to 21:30 on Wed 4 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/skanda-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vivasvat-saptami", "festival": "vivasvat-saptami", "name": "Vivasvat Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26077, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-05T20:29:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-05T20:29:08Z", "ms": 110752148226.3208 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-06T20:15:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-06T20:15:09Z", "ms": 110837708892.30241 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-05T20:29:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-05T20:29:08Z", "ms": 110752148226.3208 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-06T20:15:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-06T20:15:09Z", "ms": 110837708892.30241 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-05T12:12:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-05T12:12:22Z", "ms": 110722341620.3528 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-05T13:00:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-05T13:00:22Z", "ms": 110725221620.3528 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-07-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-06T12:12:32+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-06T12:12:32Z", "ms": 110808751733.51247 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-06T13:00:32+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-06T13:00:32Z", "ms": 110811631733.51247 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 20:29 on Thu 5 Jul to 20:15 on Fri 6 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-05T20:29:08Z → 1973-07-06T20:15:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 5th, 12:13–13:01 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26077 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vivasvat Saptamī, Bamako, 1973: Friday 6 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vivasvat-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Vivasvat saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vivasvat Saptamī 1973 falls on Friday 6 July. Saptamī runs from 20:29 on Thu 5 Jul to 20:15 on Fri 6 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vivasvat-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-07-10", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14863, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-09T23:50:46+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-09T23:50:46Z", "ms": 111109846276.80049 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-11T02:05:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-11T02:05:13Z", "ms": 111204312862.72699 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-09T23:50:46+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-09T23:50:46Z", "ms": 111109846276.80049 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-11T02:05:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-11T02:05:13Z", "ms": 111204312862.72699 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-10T06:12:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-10T06:12:39Z", "ms": 111132759318.91508 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-10T06:12:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-10T06:12:39Z", "ms": 111132759318.91508 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-07-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-11T06:12:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-11T06:12:56Z", "ms": 111219175897.06224 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-11T06:12:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-11T06:12:56Z", "ms": 111219175897.06224 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 23:51 on Mon 9 Jul to 02:05 on Wed 11 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-09T23:50:46Z → 1973-07-11T02:05:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:13 on the 10th and 06:13 on the 11th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 10th and is not on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14863 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 10 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Hariśayanī Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Tuesday 10 July. Ekādaśī runs from 23:51 on Mon 9 Jul to 02:05 on Wed 11 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-07-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-07-12", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29004, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-12T04:34:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-12T04:34:33Z", "ms": 111299673131.77629 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-13T07:08:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-13T07:08:33Z", "ms": 111395313242.1896 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-12T04:34:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-12T04:34:33Z", "ms": 111299673131.77629 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-13T07:08:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-13T07:08:33Z", "ms": 111395313242.1896 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-11T19:01:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-11T19:01:37Z", "ms": 111265296651.17537 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-11T20:31:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-11T20:31:09Z", "ms": 111270669418.91396 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-07-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-12T19:01:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-12T19:01:35Z", "ms": 111351695326.15466 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-12T20:31:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-12T20:31:10Z", "ms": 111357070460.9014 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 04:35 on Thu 12 Jul to 07:09 on Fri 13 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-12T04:34:33Z → 1973-07-13T07:08:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:02–20:31 on the 11th, 19:02–20:31 on the 12th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 90 minutes on the 11th and 90 of 90 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29004 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 12 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Thursday 12 July. Trayodaśī runs from 04:35 on Thu 12 Jul to 07:09 on Fri 13 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-07-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/guru-purnima", "festival": "guru-purnima", "name": "Guru Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1071, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T09:38:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z", "ms": 111490688800.04099 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T11:55:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T11:55:53Z", "ms": 111585352927.12334 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T09:38:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z", "ms": 111490688800.04099 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T11:55:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T11:55:53Z", "ms": 111585352927.12334 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T12:13:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T12:13:38Z", "ms": 111500017633.51953 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-14T13:01:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T13:01:38Z", "ms": 111502897633.51953 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-15T12:13:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T12:13:44Z", "ms": 111586423783.40395 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T13:01:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T13:01:44Z", "ms": 111589303783.40395 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 09:38 on Sat 14 Jul to 11:56 on Sun 15 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z → 1973-07-15T11:55:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:14–13:02 on the 14th, 12:14–13:02 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1071 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Guru Pūrṇimā, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 14 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "guru-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Guru Pūrṇimā 1973 falls on Saturday 14 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 09:38 on Sat 14 Jul to 11:56 on Sun 15 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/guru-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/kokila-vrata", "festival": "kokila-vrata", "name": "Kokilā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16324, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T09:38:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z", "ms": 111490688800.04099 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T11:55:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T11:55:53Z", "ms": 111585352927.12334 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T09:38:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z", "ms": 111490688800.04099 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T11:55:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T11:55:53Z", "ms": 111585352927.12334 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T16:27:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T16:27:57Z", "ms": 111515277116.47968 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-14T19:01:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T19:01:30Z", "ms": 111524490105.11977 } }, "covered_min": 154, "window_min": 154, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-15T16:27:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T16:27:57Z", "ms": 111601677232.77296 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T19:01:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T19:01:26Z", "ms": 111610886199.01897 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 153, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 09:38 on Sat 14 Jul to 11:56 on Sun 15 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z → 1973-07-15T11:55:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:28–19:02 on the 14th, 16:28–19:01 on the 15th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 154 of 154 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 153 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16324 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kokilā Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 14 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kokila-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kokilā Vrata 1973 falls on Saturday 14 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 09:38 on Sat 14 Jul to 11:56 on Sun 15 Jul and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/kokila-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shiva-shayanotsava", "festival": "shiva-shayanotsava", "name": "Śiva Śayanotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25533, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T09:38:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z", "ms": 111490688800.04099 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T11:55:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T11:55:53Z", "ms": 111585352927.12334 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T09:38:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z", "ms": 111490688800.04099 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T11:55:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T11:55:53Z", "ms": 111585352927.12334 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T19:01:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T19:01:30Z", "ms": 111524490105.11977 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-14T20:31:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T20:31:10Z", "ms": 111529870273.47565 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-15T19:01:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T19:01:26Z", "ms": 111610886199.01897 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T20:31:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T20:31:09Z", "ms": 111616269030.91866 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 09:38 on Sat 14 Jul to 11:56 on Sun 15 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z → 1973-07-15T11:55:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:02–20:31 on the 14th, 19:01–20:31 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 90 of 90 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 90 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25533 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śiva Śayanotsava, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 14 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shiva-shayanotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śiva Śayanotsava 1973 falls on Saturday 14 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 09:38 on Sat 14 Jul to 11:56 on Sun 15 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shiva-shayanotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vyasa-puja", "festival": "vyasa-puja", "name": "Vyāsa Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3051, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T09:38:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z", "ms": 111490688800.04099 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T11:55:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T11:55:53Z", "ms": 111585352927.12334 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T09:38:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z", "ms": 111490688800.04099 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T11:55:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T11:55:53Z", "ms": 111585352927.12334 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-14T06:13:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T06:13:45Z", "ms": 111478425161.91931 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-14T08:47:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-14T08:47:18Z", "ms": 111487638150.5594 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 154, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-15T06:14:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T06:14:01Z", "ms": 111564841367.78893 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-15T08:47:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-15T08:47:30Z", "ms": 111574050334.03493 } }, "covered_min": 153, "window_min": 153, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 09:38 on Sat 14 Jul to 11:56 on Sun 15 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-14T09:38:09Z → 1973-07-15T11:55:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:14–08:47 on the 14th, 06:14–08:48 on the 15th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 154 minutes on the 14th and 153 of 153 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3051 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vyāsa Pūjā, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 15 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vyasa-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vyāsa Pūjā 1973 falls on Sunday 15 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 09:38 on Sat 14 Jul to 11:56 on Sun 15 Jul and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vyasa-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17876, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-07-16T13:55:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-16T13:55:58Z", "ms": 111678957649.63304 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-17T15:33:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-17T15:33:58Z", "ms": 111771237644.59752 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-16T13:55:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-16T13:55:58Z", "ms": 111678957649.63304 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-17T15:33:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-17T15:33:58Z", "ms": 111771237644.59752 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-16T19:51:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-16T19:51:56Z", "ms": 111700316059.60356 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-16T19:51:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-16T19:51:56Z", "ms": 111700316059.60356 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-07-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-17T20:31:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-17T20:31:53Z", "ms": 111789113413.398 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-17T20:31:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-17T20:31:53Z", "ms": 111789113413.398 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 13:56 on Mon 16 Jul to 15:34 on Tue 17 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-16T13:55:58Z → 1973-07-17T15:33:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:52 on the 16th and 20:32 on the 17th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 16th and is not on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17876 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha), Bamako, 1973: Monday 16 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunya sayana vrata (candrodaya vyapini; purvahna vyapini and purvaviddha in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row reads pūrvāhṇa and pūrvaviddha; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha) 1973 falls on Monday 16 July. Dvitīyā runs from 13:56 on Mon 16 Jul to 15:34 on Tue 17 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-07-18", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15497, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-18T16:46:28+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-18T16:46:28Z", "ms": 111861987831.07098 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-19T17:30:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-19T17:30:45Z", "ms": 111951044585.38736 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-18T16:46:28+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-18T16:46:28Z", "ms": 111861987831.07098 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-19T17:30:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-19T17:30:45Z", "ms": 111951044585.38736 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-18T21:10:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-18T21:10:37Z", "ms": 111877836871.48145 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-18T21:10:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-18T21:10:37Z", "ms": 111877836871.48145 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-19T21:49:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-19T21:49:01Z", "ms": 111966541125.3435 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-19T21:49:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-19T21:49:01Z", "ms": 111966541125.3435 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:46 on Wed 18 Jul to 17:31 on Thu 19 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-18T16:46:28Z → 1973-07-19T17:30:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:11 on the 18th and 21:49 on the 19th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 18th and is not on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15497 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 18 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Wednesday 18 July. Caturthī runs from 16:46 on Wed 18 Jul to 17:31 on Thu 19 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-07-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-07-26", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6480, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-25T10:52:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-25T10:52:47Z", "ms": 112445566709.43582 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-26T08:04:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-26T08:04:47Z", "ms": 112521887414.31111 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-25T10:52:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-25T10:52:47Z", "ms": 112445566709.43582 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-26T08:04:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-26T08:04:47Z", "ms": 112521887414.31111 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-25T06:16:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-25T06:16:34Z", "ms": 112428993641.4916 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-25T06:16:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-25T06:16:34Z", "ms": 112428993641.4916 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-07-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-26T06:16:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-26T06:16:48Z", "ms": 112515407595.59885 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-26T06:16:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-26T06:16:48Z", "ms": 112515407595.59885 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:53 on Wed 25 Jul to 08:05 on Thu 26 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-25T10:52:47Z → 1973-07-26T08:04:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:17 on the 25th and 06:17 on the 26th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 25th and is on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6480 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 26 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kāmikā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Thursday 26 July. Ekādaśī runs from 10:53 on Wed 25 Jul to 08:05 on Thu 26 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-07-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-07-27", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18577, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-27T04:58:06+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-27T04:58:06Z", "ms": 112597085619.95845 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-28T01:39:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T01:39:30Z", "ms": 112671570380.63853 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-27T04:58:06+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-27T04:58:06Z", "ms": 112597085619.95845 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-28T01:39:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T01:39:30Z", "ms": 112671570380.63853 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-26T18:59:46+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-26T18:59:46Z", "ms": 112561185639.41487 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-26T20:30:04+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-26T20:30:04Z", "ms": 112566603722.61403 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-07-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-27T18:59:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-27T18:59:31Z", "ms": 112647571262.82951 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-27T20:29:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-27T20:29:53Z", "ms": 112652993045.05368 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 04:58 on Fri 27 Jul to 01:40 on Sat 28 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-27T04:58:06Z → 1973-07-28T01:39:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:00–20:30 on the 26th, 19:00–20:30 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 90 minutes on the 26th and 90 of 90 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18577 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Friday 27 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Friday 27 July. Trayodaśī runs from 04:58 on Fri 27 Jul to 01:40 on Sat 28 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-07-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-07-27", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-07-27", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2227, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-07-28T01:39:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T01:39:30Z", "ms": 112671570380.63853 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-28T22:16:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T22:16:52Z", "ms": 112745811869.20876 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-28T01:39:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T01:39:30Z", "ms": 112671570380.63853 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-28T22:16:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T22:16:52Z", "ms": 112745811869.20876 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-28T00:14:23+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T00:14:23Z", "ms": 112666462946.17014 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-28T01:02:23+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-28T01:02:23Z", "ms": 112669342946.17014 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-07-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-29T00:14:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-29T00:14:22Z", "ms": 112752861846.4678 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-29T01:02:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-29T01:02:22Z", "ms": 112755741846.4678 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 01:40 on Sat 28 Jul to 22:17 on Sat 28 Jul.", "fact": "1973-07-28T01:39:30Z → 1973-07-28T22:16:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:14–01:02 on the 27th, 00:14–01:02 on the 28th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither night qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 2227 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Bamako, 1973: Friday 27 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-27", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-27", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Friday 27 July. Caturdaśī runs from 01:40 on Sat 28 Jul to 22:17 on Sat 28 Jul, and reaches niśītha on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-07-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/madhusrava-tritiya", "festival": "madhusrava-tritiya", "name": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Hariyali Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 646, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-07-31T13:12:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-31T13:12:55Z", "ms": 112972374523.06285 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-01T11:03:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-01T11:03:14Z", "ms": 113050993669.59105 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-07-31T13:12:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-31T13:12:55Z", "ms": 112972374523.06285 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-01T11:03:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-01T11:03:14Z", "ms": 113050993669.59105 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-07-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-07-31T12:14:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-31T12:14:09Z", "ms": 112968848900.93867 }, "end": { "local": "1973-07-31T13:02:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-07-31T13:02:09Z", "ms": 112971728900.93867 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-01T12:14:06+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-01T12:14:06Z", "ms": 113055245539.71796 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-01T13:02:06+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-01T13:02:06Z", "ms": 113058125539.71796 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 13:13 on Tue 31 Jul to 11:03 on Wed 1 Aug.", "fact": "1973-07-31T13:12:55Z → 1973-08-01T11:03:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:14–13:02 on the 31st, 12:14–13:02 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → second-day · margin 646 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 1 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "madhusrava-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Madhusrava (Gujerat) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-07-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Madhusravā Tṛtīyā (Hariyali Teej) 1973 falls on Wednesday 1 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 13:13 on Tue 31 Jul to 11:03 on Wed 1 Aug, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/madhusrava-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-08-01", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4252, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-01T11:03:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-01T11:03:14Z", "ms": 113050993669.59105 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-02T09:33:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-02T09:33:10Z", "ms": 113131990341.63713 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-01T11:03:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-01T11:03:14Z", "ms": 113050993669.59105 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-02T09:33:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-02T09:33:10Z", "ms": 113131990341.63713 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-01T12:14:06+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-01T12:14:06Z", "ms": 113055245539.71796 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-01T13:02:06+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-01T13:02:06Z", "ms": 113058125539.71796 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-02T12:14:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-02T12:14:02Z", "ms": 113141641561.1912 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-02T13:02:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-02T13:02:02Z", "ms": 113144521561.1912 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:03 on Wed 1 Aug to 09:33 on Thu 2 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-01T11:03:14Z → 1973-08-02T09:33:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:14–13:02 on the 1st, 12:14–13:02 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4252 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 1 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Wednesday 1 August. Caturthī runs from 11:03 on Wed 1 Aug to 09:33 on Thu 2 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-08-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/naga-panchami", "festival": "naga-panchami", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9651, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-02T09:33:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-02T09:33:10Z", "ms": 113131990341.63713 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-03T08:48:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-03T08:48:39Z", "ms": 113215719374.94711 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-02T09:33:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-02T09:33:10Z", "ms": 113131990341.63713 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-03T08:48:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-03T08:48:39Z", "ms": 113215719374.94711 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-02T12:14:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-02T12:14:02Z", "ms": 113141641561.1912 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-02T13:02:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-02T13:02:02Z", "ms": 113144521561.1912 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-03T12:13:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-03T12:13:57Z", "ms": 113228036963.8096 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-03T13:01:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-03T13:01:57Z", "ms": 113230916963.8096 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 09:33 on Thu 2 Aug to 08:49 on Fri 3 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-02T09:33:10Z → 1973-08-03T08:48:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:14–13:02 on the 2nd, 12:14–13:02 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9651 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 2 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Nāga Pañcamī 1973 falls on Thursday 2 August. Pañcamī runs from 09:33 on Thu 2 Aug to 08:49 on Fri 3 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/naga-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-08-09", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34470, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-08T15:53:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-08T15:53:48Z", "ms": 113673228091.80225 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-09T18:28:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-09T18:28:29Z", "ms": 113768908534.69165 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-08T15:53:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-08T15:53:48Z", "ms": 113673228091.80225 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-09T18:28:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-09T18:28:29Z", "ms": 113768908534.69165 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-08T06:19:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-08T06:19:18Z", "ms": 113638758084.15332 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-08T06:19:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-08T06:19:18Z", "ms": 113638758084.15332 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-09T06:19:27+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-09T06:19:27Z", "ms": 113725166970.8151 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-09T06:19:27+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-09T06:19:27Z", "ms": 113725166970.8151 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:54 on Wed 8 Aug to 18:28 on Thu 9 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-08T15:53:48Z → 1973-08-09T18:28:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:19 on the 8th and 06:19 on the 9th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 8th and is on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34470 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 9 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Putradā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Thursday 9 August. Ekādaśī runs from 15:54 on Wed 8 Aug to 18:28 on Thu 9 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-08-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/damodara-dvadashi", "festival": "damodara-dvadashi", "name": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19632, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-09T18:28:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-09T18:28:29Z", "ms": 113768908534.69165 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-10T20:56:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-10T20:56:59Z", "ms": 113864219160.64087 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-09T18:28:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-09T18:28:29Z", "ms": 113768908534.69165 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-10T20:56:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-10T20:56:59Z", "ms": 113864219160.64087 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-09T12:13:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-09T12:13:16Z", "ms": 113746396498.73909 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-09T13:01:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-09T13:01:16Z", "ms": 113749276498.73909 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-10T12:13:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-10T12:13:08Z", "ms": 113832787653.77191 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-10T13:01:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-10T13:01:08Z", "ms": 113835667653.77191 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 18:28 on Thu 9 Aug to 20:57 on Fri 10 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-09T18:28:29Z → 1973-08-10T20:56:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:13–13:01 on the 9th, 12:13–13:01 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 19632 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Friday 10 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "damodara-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Buddha dvadasi, Damodara dvadasi (purvaviddha), Visnu-pavitraropana." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Dāmodara Dvādaśī 1973 falls on Friday 10 August. Dvādaśī runs from 18:28 on Thu 9 Aug to 20:57 on Fri 10 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/damodara-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-08-11", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1859, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-10T20:56:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-10T20:56:59Z", "ms": 113864219160.64087 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-11T23:08:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-11T23:08:47Z", "ms": 113958527241.30904 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-10T20:56:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-10T20:56:59Z", "ms": 113864219160.64087 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-11T23:08:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-11T23:08:47Z", "ms": 113958527241.30904 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-10T18:54:40+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-10T18:54:40Z", "ms": 113856879848.73808 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-10T20:26:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-10T20:26:00Z", "ms": 113862360342.29797 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-11T18:54:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-11T18:54:13Z", "ms": 113943252906.1037 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-11T20:25:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-11T20:25:38Z", "ms": 113948738018.51164 } }, "covered_min": 91, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:57 on Fri 10 Aug to 23:09 on Sat 11 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-10T20:56:59Z → 1973-08-11T23:08:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:55–20:26 on the 10th, 18:54–20:26 on the 11th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 91 minutes on the 10th and 91 of 91 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1859 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 11 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-11", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Saturday 11 August. Trayodaśī runs from 20:57 on Fri 10 Aug to 23:09 on Sat 11 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-08-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/raksha-bandhana", "festival": "raksha-bandhana", "name": "Rakṣā Bandhana", "everyday": "Rakhi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14616, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-08-13T00:56:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-13T00:56:37Z", "ms": 114051396591.09042 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-14T02:16:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-14T02:16:29Z", "ms": 114142589252.08754 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "second-half", "start": { "local": "1973-08-13T13:40:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-13T13:40:10Z", "ms": 114097210399.77414 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-14T02:16:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-14T02:16:29Z", "ms": 114142589252.08754 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-13T06:19:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-13T06:19:59Z", "ms": 114070798559.5581 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-14T06:20:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-14T06:20:05Z", "ms": 114157205487.2752 } }, "covered_min": 756, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-14T06:20:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-14T06:20:05Z", "ms": 114157205487.2752 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-15T06:20:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-15T06:20:12Z", "ms": 114243612038.99254 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 00:57 on Mon 13 Aug to 02:16 on Tue 14 Aug. Its second half begins at 13:40 on Mon 13 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-13T00:56:37Z → 1973-08-14T02:16:29Z · second half from 1973-08-13T13:40:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:20 on the 13th, and from 06:20 on the 14th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The second half of Pūrṇimā must be present during the day. It covers 756 of 1440 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 1440 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14616 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rakṣā Bandhana, Bamako, 1973: Monday 13 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "raksha-bandhana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "day", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated", "half": "second" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Rakṣā Bandhana (Rakhi) 1973 falls on Monday 13 August. The second half of Pūrṇimā runs from 13:40 on Mon 13 Aug to 02:16 on Tue 14 Aug and lies within that day, sunrise to sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/raksha-bandhana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/rishi-tarpana", "festival": "rishi-tarpana", "name": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35757, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-08-13T00:56:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-13T00:56:37Z", "ms": 114051396591.09042 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-14T02:16:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-14T02:16:29Z", "ms": 114142589252.08754 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-13T00:56:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-13T00:56:37Z", "ms": 114051396591.09042 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-14T02:16:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-14T02:16:29Z", "ms": 114142589252.08754 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-13T12:12:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-13T12:12:38Z", "ms": 114091957675.1326 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-13T13:00:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-13T13:00:38Z", "ms": 114094837675.1326 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-14T12:12:27+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-14T12:12:27Z", "ms": 114178346569.54274 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-14T13:00:27+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-14T13:00:27Z", "ms": 114181226569.54274 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 00:57 on Mon 13 Aug to 02:16 on Tue 14 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-13T00:56:37Z → 1973-08-14T02:16:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:13–13:01 on the 13th, 12:12–13:00 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35757 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa, Bamako, 1973: Monday 13 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa 1973 falls on Monday 13 August. Pūrṇimā runs from 00:57 on Mon 13 Aug to 02:16 on Tue 14 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/rishi-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27588, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-08-15T03:07:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-15T03:07:12Z", "ms": 114232031795.26451 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-16T03:29:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T03:29:25Z", "ms": 114319764827.23605 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-15T03:07:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-15T03:07:12Z", "ms": 114232031795.26451 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-16T03:29:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T03:29:25Z", "ms": 114319764827.23605 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-14T19:10:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-14T19:10:39Z", "ms": 114203438534.90167 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-14T19:10:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-14T19:10:39Z", "ms": 114203438534.90167 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-15T19:49:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-15T19:49:37Z", "ms": 114292176533.58917 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-15T19:49:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-15T19:49:37Z", "ms": 114292176533.58917 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 03:07 on Wed 15 Aug to 03:29 on Thu 16 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-15T03:07:12Z → 1973-08-16T03:29:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:11 on the 14th and 19:50 on the 15th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 14th and is on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27588 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 15 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunyasayana vrata (Dvitiya current at moonrise; if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata 1973 falls on Wednesday 15 August. Dvitīyā runs from 03:07 on Wed 15 Aug to 03:29 on Thu 16 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/kajjali-tritiya", "festival": "kajjali-tritiya", "name": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Kajari Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31358, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 17, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-08-16T03:29:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T03:29:25Z", "ms": 114319764827.23605 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-17T03:24:51+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T03:24:51Z", "ms": 114405891248.85785 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-16T03:29:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T03:29:25Z", "ms": 114319764827.23605 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-17T03:24:51+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T03:24:51Z", "ms": 114405891248.85785 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-16T12:12:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T12:12:03Z", "ms": 114351122761.7681 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-16T13:00:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T13:00:03Z", "ms": 114354002761.7681 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-17T12:11:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T12:11:50Z", "ms": 114437510086.21785 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-17T12:59:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T12:59:50Z", "ms": 114440390086.21785 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 03:29 on Thu 16 Aug to 03:25 on Fri 17 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-16T03:29:25Z → 1973-08-17T03:24:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:12–13:00 on the 16th, 12:12–13:00 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31358 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 16 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kajjali-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 3 Kajjali trtiya, (paraviddha), Angaveta trtiya (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kajjalī Tṛtīyā (Kajari Teej) 1973 falls on Thursday 16 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 03:29 on Thu 16 Aug to 03:25 on Fri 17 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/kajjali-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/bahula-chaturthi", "festival": "bahula-chaturthi", "name": "Bahulā Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29057, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-17T03:24:51+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T03:24:51Z", "ms": 114405891248.85785 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-18T02:55:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-18T02:55:33Z", "ms": 114490533310.89801 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-17T03:24:51+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T03:24:51Z", "ms": 114405891248.85785 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-18T02:55:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-18T02:55:33Z", "ms": 114490533310.89801 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-16T16:21:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T16:21:29Z", "ms": 114366089485.47484 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-16T18:51:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T18:51:47Z", "ms": 114375107301.27934 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 150, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-17T16:21:06+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T16:21:06Z", "ms": 114452465710.7378 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-17T18:51:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T18:51:16Z", "ms": 114461476127.08443 } }, "covered_min": 150, "window_min": 150, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:25 on Fri 17 Aug to 02:56 on Sat 18 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-17T03:24:51Z → 1973-08-18T02:55:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:21–18:52 on the 16th, 16:21–18:51 on the 17th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 150 minutes on the 16th and 150 of 150 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 29057 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bahulā Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Friday 17 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bahula-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Bahula caturthi (Madhyadesa) (Sayahnavyapini: if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the 1st day)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Bahulā Caturthī 1973 falls on Friday 17 August. Caturthī runs from 03:25 on Fri 17 Aug to 02:56 on Sat 18 Aug and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/bahula-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-08-17", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20759, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-17T03:24:51+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T03:24:51Z", "ms": 114405891248.85785 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-18T02:55:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-18T02:55:33Z", "ms": 114490533310.89801 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-17T03:24:51+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T03:24:51Z", "ms": 114405891248.85785 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-18T02:55:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-18T02:55:33Z", "ms": 114490533310.89801 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-16T20:28:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T20:28:54Z", "ms": 114380933949.62164 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-16T20:28:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-16T20:28:54Z", "ms": 114380933949.62164 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-17T21:09:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T21:09:34Z", "ms": 114469773984.82538 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-17T21:09:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-17T21:09:34Z", "ms": 114469773984.82538 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:25 on Fri 17 Aug to 02:56 on Sat 18 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-17T03:24:51Z → 1973-08-18T02:55:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:29 on the 16th and 21:10 on the 17th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 16th and is on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20759 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Friday 17 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Friday 17 August. Caturthī runs from 03:25 on Fri 17 Aug to 02:56 on Sat 18 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-08-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/hala-shashthi", "festival": "hala-shashthi", "name": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36479, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-19T02:03:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-19T02:03:24Z", "ms": 114573803780.08821 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-20T00:49:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T00:49:53Z", "ms": 114655793205.99538 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-19T02:03:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-19T02:03:24Z", "ms": 114573803780.08821 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-20T00:49:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T00:49:53Z", "ms": 114655793205.99538 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-19T12:11:23+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-19T12:11:23Z", "ms": 114610283261.71622 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-19T12:59:23+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-19T12:59:23Z", "ms": 114613163261.71622 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-20T12:11:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T12:11:09Z", "ms": 114696669141.22232 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-20T12:59:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T12:59:09Z", "ms": 114699549141.22232 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 02:03 on Sun 19 Aug to 00:50 on Mon 20 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-19T02:03:24Z → 1973-08-20T00:49:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:11–12:59 on the 19th, 12:11–12:59 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36479 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 19 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "hala-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Hala sasthi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Hala Ṣaṣṭhī 1973 falls on Sunday 19 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 02:03 on Sun 19 Aug to 00:50 on Mon 20 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/hala-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/janmashtami", "festival": "janmashtami", "name": "Janmāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3299, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-20T23:16:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T23:16:13Z", "ms": 114736572732.90483 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-21T21:23:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-21T21:23:30Z", "ms": 114816209543.7802 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-20T23:16:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T23:16:13Z", "ms": 114736572732.90483 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-21T21:23:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-21T21:23:30Z", "ms": 114816209543.7802 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-21T00:11:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-21T00:11:11Z", "ms": 114739871377.30197 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-21T00:59:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-21T00:59:11Z", "ms": 114742751377.30197 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-22T00:10:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-22T00:10:57Z", "ms": 114826256645.4885 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-22T00:58:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-22T00:58:57Z", "ms": 114829136645.4885 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 23:16 on Mon 20 Aug to 21:23 on Tue 21 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-20T23:16:13Z → 1973-08-21T21:23:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:11–00:59 on the 20th, 00:11–00:59 on the 21st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3299 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Janmāṣṭamī, Bamako, 1973: Monday 20 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "janmashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Janmastami (madhyaratra-vyapini), if midnight is covered on two days, or not on any day, it is to be observed on the 2nd day; special when combined with naksatra 'Rohini' at midnight, more so when on Monday or Wednesday. If the combination occurs before midnight and 'Rohini' extends up to midnight, it is to be observed on that day. Gokulastami." } ], "not_evaluated": "The clauses on Rohiṇī nakṣatra, the Vaiṣṇava observance on the day after saptamī, and the Assam and South India reckoning in the solar month belong to other readings and are not applied.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Janmāṣṭamī 1973 falls on Monday 20 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 23:16 on Mon 20 Aug to 21:23 on Tue 21 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/janmashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shitala-saptami", "festival": "shitala-saptami", "name": "Śītalā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37024, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 21, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-20T00:49:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T00:49:53Z", "ms": 114655793205.99538 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-20T23:16:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T23:16:13Z", "ms": 114736572732.90483 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-20T00:49:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T00:49:53Z", "ms": 114655793205.99538 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-20T23:16:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T23:16:13Z", "ms": 114736572732.90483 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-19T12:11:23+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-19T12:11:23Z", "ms": 114610283261.71622 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-19T12:59:23+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-19T12:59:23Z", "ms": 114613163261.71622 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-20T12:11:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T12:11:09Z", "ms": 114696669141.22232 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-20T12:59:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-20T12:59:09Z", "ms": 114699549141.22232 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 00:50 on Mon 20 Aug to 23:16 on Mon 20 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-20T00:49:53Z → 1973-08-20T23:16:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:11–12:59 on the 19th, 12:11–12:59 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 37024 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalā Saptamī, Bamako, 1973: Monday 20 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitala-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 7 Sitala saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śītalā Saptamī 1973 falls on Monday 20 August. Saptamī runs from 00:50 on Mon 20 Aug to 23:16 on Mon 20 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shitala-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-08-24", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ajā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28111, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-23T16:47:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-23T16:47:24Z", "ms": 114972444102.01564 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-24T14:09:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-24T14:09:26Z", "ms": 115049366468.74994 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-23T16:47:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-23T16:47:24Z", "ms": 114972444102.01564 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-24T14:09:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-24T14:09:26Z", "ms": 115049366468.74994 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-23T06:20:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-23T06:20:52Z", "ms": 114934851919.91623 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-23T06:20:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-23T06:20:52Z", "ms": 114934851919.91623 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-24T06:20:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-24T06:20:55Z", "ms": 115021255467.36168 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-24T06:20:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-24T06:20:55Z", "ms": 115021255467.36168 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:47 on Thu 23 Aug to 14:09 on Fri 24 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-23T16:47:24Z → 1973-08-24T14:09:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:21 on the 23rd and 06:21 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 23rd and is on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28111 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ajā Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Friday 24 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Ajā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Friday 24 August. Ekādaśī runs from 16:47 on Thu 23 Aug to 14:09 on Fri 24 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-08-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-08-25", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26577, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-25T11:23:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-25T11:23:49Z", "ms": 115125828504.9866 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-26T08:36:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T08:36:22Z", "ms": 115202181586.31375 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-25T11:23:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-25T11:23:49Z", "ms": 115125828504.9866 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-26T08:36:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T08:36:22Z", "ms": 115202181586.31375 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-25T18:46:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-25T18:46:45Z", "ms": 115152405274.65031 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-25T20:19:19+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-25T20:19:19Z", "ms": 115157959462.53412 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-26T18:46:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T18:46:09Z", "ms": 115238769006.9474 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-26T20:18:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T20:18:48Z", "ms": 115244328387.79852 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 11:24 on Sat 25 Aug to 08:36 on Sun 26 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-25T11:23:49Z → 1973-08-26T08:36:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:47–20:19 on the 25th, 18:46–20:19 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 93 of 93 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 93 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26577 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 25 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Saturday 25 August. Trayodaśī runs from 11:24 on Sat 25 Aug to 08:36 on Sun 26 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-08-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/aghora-chaturdashi", "festival": "aghora-chaturdashi", "name": "Aghora Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34522, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-26T08:36:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T08:36:22Z", "ms": 115202181586.31375 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-27T05:54:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-27T05:54:10Z", "ms": 115278850445.76134 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-26T08:36:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T08:36:22Z", "ms": 115202181586.31375 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-27T05:54:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-27T05:54:10Z", "ms": 115278850445.76134 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-25T18:46:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-25T18:46:45Z", "ms": 115152405274.65031 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-25T20:19:19+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-25T20:19:19Z", "ms": 115157959462.53412 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-26T18:46:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T18:46:09Z", "ms": 115238769006.9474 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-26T20:18:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T20:18:48Z", "ms": 115244328387.79852 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 08:36 on Sun 26 Aug to 05:54 on Mon 27 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-26T08:36:22Z → 1973-08-27T05:54:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:47–20:19 on the 25th, 18:46–20:19 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 93 minutes on the 25th and 93 of 93 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34522 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aghora Caturdaśī, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 26 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aghora-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Aghora caturdasi (pradosa vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Aghora Caturdaśī 1973 falls on Sunday 26 August. Caturdaśī runs from 08:36 on Sun 26 Aug to 05:54 on Mon 27 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/aghora-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-08-26", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17794, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-26T08:36:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T08:36:22Z", "ms": 115202181586.31375 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-27T05:54:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-27T05:54:10Z", "ms": 115278850445.76134 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-26T08:36:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T08:36:22Z", "ms": 115202181586.31375 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-27T05:54:10+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-27T05:54:10Z", "ms": 115278850445.76134 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-26T00:09:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T00:09:53Z", "ms": 115171793479.2146 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-26T00:57:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-26T00:57:53Z", "ms": 115174673479.2146 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-27T00:09:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-27T00:09:37Z", "ms": 115258176685.13908 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-27T00:57:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-27T00:57:37Z", "ms": 115261056685.13908 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 08:36 on Sun 26 Aug to 05:54 on Mon 27 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-26T08:36:22Z → 1973-08-27T05:54:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:10–00:58 on the 25th, 00:10–00:58 on the 26th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17794 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 26 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Sunday 26 August. Caturdaśī runs from 08:36 on Sun 26 Aug to 05:54 on Mon 27 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-08-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/rudra-vrata", "festival": "rudra-vrata", "name": "Rudra Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31423, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1973-08-28T03:25:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-28T03:25:18Z", "ms": 115356317548.0746 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-29T01:18:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-29T01:18:18Z", "ms": 115435098182.72195 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-28T03:25:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-28T03:25:18Z", "ms": 115356317548.0746 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-29T01:18:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-29T01:18:18Z", "ms": 115435098182.72195 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-28T12:09:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-28T12:09:01Z", "ms": 115387740903.72873 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-28T12:57:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-28T12:57:01Z", "ms": 115390620903.72873 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-29T12:08:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-29T12:08:43Z", "ms": 115474123136.08105 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-29T12:56:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-29T12:56:43Z", "ms": 115477003136.08105 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 03:25 on Tue 28 Aug to 01:18 on Wed 29 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-28T03:25:18Z → 1973-08-29T01:18:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 28th, 12:09–12:57 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 31423 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rudra Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 28 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rudra-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Rudra vrata (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Rudra Vrata 1973 falls on Tuesday 28 August. Pratipadā runs from 03:25 on Tue 28 Aug to 01:18 on Wed 29 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/rudra-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/haritalika-vrata", "festival": "haritalika-vrata", "name": "Haritālikā Vrata", "everyday": "Hartalika Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35213, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-08-29T23:41:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-29T23:41:45Z", "ms": 115515704795.83043 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-30T22:43:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-30T22:43:18Z", "ms": 115598598365.07266 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-29T23:41:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-29T23:41:45Z", "ms": 115515704795.83043 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-30T22:43:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-30T22:43:18Z", "ms": 115598598365.07266 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-29T12:08:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-29T12:08:43Z", "ms": 115474123136.08105 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-29T12:56:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-29T12:56:43Z", "ms": 115477003136.08105 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-30T12:08:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-30T12:08:25Z", "ms": 115560505019.24362 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-30T12:56:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-30T12:56:25Z", "ms": 115563385019.24362 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 23:42 on Wed 29 Aug to 22:43 on Thu 30 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-29T23:41:45Z → 1973-08-30T22:43:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 29th, 12:08–12:56 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35213 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Haritālikā Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 30 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "haritalika-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Haritalika vrata (paraviddha), Gauri vrata (Orissa), Gauri (Mysore)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Haritālikā Vrata (Hartalika Teej) 1973 falls on Thursday 30 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 23:42 on Wed 29 Aug to 22:43 on Thu 30 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/haritalika-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ganesha-chaturthi", "festival": "ganesha-chaturthi", "name": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-08-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34359, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-30T22:43:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-30T22:43:18Z", "ms": 115598598365.07266 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-31T22:28:46+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-31T22:28:46Z", "ms": 115684125880.64783 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-30T22:43:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-30T22:43:18Z", "ms": 115598598365.07266 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-31T22:28:46+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-31T22:28:46Z", "ms": 115684125880.64783 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-30T12:08:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-30T12:08:25Z", "ms": 115560505019.24362 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-30T12:56:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-30T12:56:25Z", "ms": 115563385019.24362 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-31T12:08:07+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-31T12:08:07Z", "ms": 115646886565.99496 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-31T12:56:07+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-31T12:56:07Z", "ms": 115649766565.99496 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:43 on Thu 30 Aug to 22:29 on Fri 31 Aug.", "fact": "1973-08-30T22:43:18Z → 1973-08-31T22:28:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 30th, 12:08–12:56 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 34359 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Friday 31 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Varada caturthi (purvaviddha, madhyahnavyapini), Samvatsari parva (Jain-caturthi paksa), Saubhagya caturthi (Bengal), Ganesa caturthi (madhyahna vyapini and purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Gaṇeśa Caturthī 1973 falls on Friday 31 August. Caturthī runs from 22:43 on Thu 30 Aug to 22:29 on Fri 31 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ganesha-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/rishi-panchami", "festival": "rishi-panchami", "name": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34359, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1973-08-31T22:28:46+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-31T22:28:46Z", "ms": 115684125880.64783 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-01T23:00:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-01T23:00:48Z", "ms": 115772447813.55475 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-08-31T22:28:46+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-31T22:28:46Z", "ms": 115684125880.64783 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-01T23:00:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-01T23:00:48Z", "ms": 115772447813.55475 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-08-31T12:08:07+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-31T12:08:07Z", "ms": 115646886565.99496 }, "end": { "local": "1973-08-31T12:56:07+00:00", "utc": "1973-08-31T12:56:07Z", "ms": 115649766565.99496 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-01T12:07:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-01T12:07:48Z", "ms": 115733267790.27135 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-01T12:55:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-01T12:55:48Z", "ms": 115736147790.27135 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 22:29 on Fri 31 Aug to 23:01 on Sat 1 Sep.", "fact": "1973-08-31T22:28:46Z → 1973-09-01T23:00:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 31st, 12:08–12:56 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 34359 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 1 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 1973 falls on Saturday 1 September. Pañcamī runs from 22:29 on Fri 31 Aug to 23:01 on Sat 1 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/rishi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "festival": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36300, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-01T23:00:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-01T23:00:48Z", "ms": 115772447813.55475 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-03T00:17:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-03T00:17:48Z", "ms": 115863468479.27127 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-01T23:00:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-01T23:00:48Z", "ms": 115772447813.55475 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-03T00:17:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-03T00:17:48Z", "ms": 115863468479.27127 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-01T12:07:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-01T12:07:48Z", "ms": 115733267790.27135 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-01T12:55:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-01T12:55:48Z", "ms": 115736147790.27135 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-02T12:07:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-02T12:07:29Z", "ms": 115819648706.92276 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-02T12:55:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-02T12:55:29Z", "ms": 115822528706.92276 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 23:01 on Sat 1 Sep to 00:18 on Mon 3 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-01T23:00:48Z → 1973-09-03T00:17:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 1st, 12:07–12:55 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada), Bamako, 1973: Sunday 2 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Surya sasthi (paraviddha), Lolarka sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada) 1973 falls on Sunday 2 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 23:01 on Sat 1 Sep to 00:18 on Mon 3 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/muktabharana-vrata", "festival": "muktabharana-vrata", "name": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35617, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-03T00:17:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-03T00:17:48Z", "ms": 115863468479.27127 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-04T02:13:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-04T02:13:13Z", "ms": 115956792841.51643 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-03T00:17:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-03T00:17:48Z", "ms": 115863468479.27127 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-04T02:13:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-04T02:13:13Z", "ms": 115956792841.51643 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-03T12:07:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-03T12:07:09Z", "ms": 115906029331.66135 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-03T12:55:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-03T12:55:09Z", "ms": 115908909331.66135 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-04T12:06:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-04T12:06:50Z", "ms": 115992409681.14906 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-04T12:54:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-04T12:54:50Z", "ms": 115995289681.14906 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 00:18 on Mon 3 Sep to 02:13 on Tue 4 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-03T00:17:48Z → 1973-09-04T02:13:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:07–12:55 on the 3rd, 12:07–12:55 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 35617 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Monday 3 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "muktabharana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Muktabharana vrata (purvaviddha), Lalita saptami (Bengal & Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Muktābharaṇa Vrata 1973 falls on Monday 3 September. Saptamī runs from 00:18 on Mon 3 Sep to 02:13 on Tue 4 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/muktabharana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/radhashtami", "festival": "radhashtami", "name": "Rādhāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27052, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-04T02:13:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-04T02:13:13Z", "ms": 115956792841.51643 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-05T04:35:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-05T04:35:38Z", "ms": 116051737779.1382 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-04T02:13:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-04T02:13:13Z", "ms": 115956792841.51643 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-05T04:35:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-05T04:35:38Z", "ms": 116051737779.1382 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-04T12:06:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-04T12:06:50Z", "ms": 115992409681.14906 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-04T12:54:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-04T12:54:50Z", "ms": 115995289681.14906 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-05T12:06:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-05T12:06:30Z", "ms": 116078789772.81783 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-05T12:54:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-05T12:54:30Z", "ms": 116081669772.81783 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 02:13 on Tue 4 Sep to 04:36 on Wed 5 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-04T02:13:13Z → 1973-09-05T04:35:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:07–12:55 on the 4th, 12:06–12:54 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27052 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rādhāṣṭamī, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 4 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "radhashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Durvastami (purvaviddha — S 8 of saura Bhadra except Bengal), Mahalaksmi vratarambha, Radhastami (madhyahna vyapini)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Rādhāṣṭamī 1973 falls on Tuesday 4 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 02:13 on Tue 4 Sep to 04:36 on Wed 5 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/radhashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-09-08", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11991, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-07T09:41:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-07T09:41:09Z", "ms": 116242868720.49185 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-08T11:54:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-08T11:54:00Z", "ms": 116337239741.16911 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-07T09:41:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-07T09:41:09Z", "ms": 116242868720.49185 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-08T11:54:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-08T11:54:00Z", "ms": 116337239741.16911 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-07T06:21:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-07T06:21:17Z", "ms": 116230877342.2305 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-07T06:21:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-07T06:21:17Z", "ms": 116230877342.2305 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-08T06:21:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-08T06:21:17Z", "ms": 116317277315.01482 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-08T06:21:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-08T06:21:17Z", "ms": 116317277315.01482 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 09:41 on Fri 7 Sep to 11:54 on Sat 8 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-07T09:41:09Z → 1973-09-08T11:54:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:21 on the 7th and 06:21 on the 8th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 7th and is on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11991 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 8 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Parivartanī Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Saturday 8 September. Ekādaśī runs from 09:41 on Fri 7 Sep to 11:54 on Sat 8 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-09-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vamana-jayanti", "festival": "vamana-jayanti", "name": "Vāmana Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-08", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 689, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-08T11:54:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-08T11:54:00Z", "ms": 116337239741.16911 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-09T13:38:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-09T13:38:02Z", "ms": 116429881710.29887 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-08T11:54:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-08T11:54:00Z", "ms": 116337239741.16911 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-09T13:38:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-09T13:38:02Z", "ms": 116429881710.29887 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-08T12:05:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-08T12:05:29Z", "ms": 116337928685.62149 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-08T12:53:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-08T12:53:29Z", "ms": 116340808685.62149 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-09T12:05:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-09T12:05:08Z", "ms": 116424307934.05197 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-09T12:53:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-09T12:53:08Z", "ms": 116427187934.05197 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 11:54 on Sat 8 Sep to 13:38 on Sun 9 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-08T11:54:00Z → 1973-09-09T13:38:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:05–12:53 on the 8th, 12:05–12:53 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 689 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vāmana Jayantī, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 8 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vamana-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Visnuparivartanotsava, Sakrotthana (in any of the naksatras U. Asadha, Sravana & Dhanistha), Kalki dvadasi, Sravana dvadasi (when combined with naksatra Sravana), Vamana jayanti (madhyahna vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-08", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-09", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vāmana Jayantī 1973 falls on Saturday 8 September. Dvādaśī runs from 11:54 on Sat 8 Sep to 13:38 on Sun 9 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vamana-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-09-09", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13755, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-09T13:38:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-09T13:38:02Z", "ms": 116429881710.29887 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-10T14:47:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-10T14:47:02Z", "ms": 116520421738.2515 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-09T13:38:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-09T13:38:02Z", "ms": 116429881710.29887 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-10T14:47:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-10T14:47:02Z", "ms": 116520421738.2515 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-09T18:36:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-09T18:36:59Z", "ms": 116447818718.44196 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-09T20:10:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-09T20:10:53Z", "ms": 116453453137.8003 } }, "covered_min": 94, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-10T18:36:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-10T18:36:17Z", "ms": 116534177180.43723 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-10T20:10:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-10T20:10:17Z", "ms": 116539817086.4062 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:38 on Sun 9 Sep to 14:47 on Mon 10 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-09T13:38:02Z → 1973-09-10T14:47:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:37–20:11 on the 9th, 18:36–20:10 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 94 of 94 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 94 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13755 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 9 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Sunday 9 September. Trayodaśī runs from 13:38 on Sun 9 Sep to 14:47 on Mon 10 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-09-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ananta-chaturdashi", "festival": "ananta-chaturdashi", "name": "Ananta Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21525, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-10T14:47:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-10T14:47:02Z", "ms": 116520421738.2515 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-11T15:19:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-11T15:19:12Z", "ms": 116608751569.09322 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-10T14:47:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-10T14:47:02Z", "ms": 116520421738.2515 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-11T15:19:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-11T15:19:12Z", "ms": 116608751569.09322 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-10T06:21:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-10T06:21:17Z", "ms": 116490076863.62949 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-10T08:48:17+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-10T08:48:17Z", "ms": 116498896926.99103 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-11T06:21:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-11T06:21:16Z", "ms": 116576476475.20451 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-11T08:48:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-11T08:48:08Z", "ms": 116585288273.55666 } }, "covered_min": 147, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 14:47 on Mon 10 Sep to 15:19 on Tue 11 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-10T14:47:02Z → 1973-09-11T15:19:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:21–08:48 on the 10th, 06:21–08:48 on the 11th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 147 minutes on the 10th and 147 of 147 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21525 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ananta Caturdaśī, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 11 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananta-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Ananta caturdasi (covering three muhurtas from sunrise, but one muhurta in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row asks for one muhūrta from sunrise; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Ananta Caturdaśī 1973 falls on Tuesday 11 September. Caturdaśī runs from 14:47 on Mon 10 Sep to 15:19 on Tue 11 Sep and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ananta-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-09-15", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29667, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-15T12:23:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-15T12:23:11Z", "ms": 116943790928.1645 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-16T10:48:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-16T10:48:38Z", "ms": 117024518154.03183 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-15T12:23:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-15T12:23:11Z", "ms": 116943790928.1645 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-16T10:48:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-16T10:48:38Z", "ms": 117024518154.03183 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-15T20:37:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-15T20:37:38Z", "ms": 116973457837.49731 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-15T20:37:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-15T20:37:38Z", "ms": 116973457837.49731 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-16T21:28:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-16T21:28:05Z", "ms": 117062884678.72331 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-16T21:28:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-16T21:28:05Z", "ms": 117062884678.72331 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:23 on Sat 15 Sep to 10:49 on Sun 16 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-15T12:23:11Z → 1973-09-16T10:48:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:38 on the 15th and 21:28 on the 16th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 15th and is not on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29667 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 15 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Saturday 15 September. Caturthī runs from 12:23 on Sat 15 Sep to 10:49 on Sun 16 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-09-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/chandra-shashthi", "festival": "chandra-shashthi", "name": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31646, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-17T09:03:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-17T09:03:20Z", "ms": 117104599640.43242 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-18T07:10:19+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-18T07:10:19Z", "ms": 117184218520.82198 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-17T09:03:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-17T09:03:20Z", "ms": 117104599640.43242 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-18T07:10:19+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-18T07:10:19Z", "ms": 117184218520.82198 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-16T21:28:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-16T21:28:05Z", "ms": 117062884678.72331 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-16T21:28:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-16T21:28:05Z", "ms": 117062884678.72331 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-17T22:22:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-17T22:22:53Z", "ms": 117152572710.90242 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-17T22:22:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-17T22:22:53Z", "ms": 117152572710.90242 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 09:03 on Mon 17 Sep to 07:10 on Tue 18 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-17T09:03:20Z → 1973-09-18T07:10:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:28 on the 16th and 22:23 on the 17th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 16th and is on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 31646 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī, Bamako, 1973: Monday 17 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chandra-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Candra sasthi (Sasthi current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Candra Ṣaṣṭhī 1973 falls on Monday 17 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 09:03 on Mon 17 Sep to 07:10 on Tue 18 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/chandra-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/jitashtami", "festival": "jitashtami", "name": "Jitāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Jitiya", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25422, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-19T05:11:36+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-19T05:11:36Z", "ms": 117263495738.39882 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-20T03:08:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-20T03:08:30Z", "ms": 117342510092.3383 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-19T05:11:36+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-19T05:11:36Z", "ms": 117263495738.39882 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-20T03:08:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-20T03:08:30Z", "ms": 117342510092.3383 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-18T18:30:41+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-18T18:30:41Z", "ms": 117225040725.609 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-18T20:05:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-18T20:05:25Z", "ms": 117230724905.77568 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-19T18:29:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-19T18:29:59Z", "ms": 117311398539.35258 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-19T20:04:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-19T20:04:48Z", "ms": 117317088289.86777 } }, "covered_min": 95, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 05:12 on Wed 19 Sep to 03:09 on Thu 20 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-19T05:11:36Z → 1973-09-20T03:08:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:31–20:05 on the 18th, 18:30–20:05 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 95 minutes on the 18th and 95 of 95 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25422 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jitāṣṭamī, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 19 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "jitashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Jitāṣṭamī (Jitiya) 1973 falls on Wednesday 19 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 05:12 on Wed 19 Sep to 03:09 on Thu 20 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/jitashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "festival": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "name": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9956, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-19T05:11:36+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-19T05:11:36Z", "ms": 117263495738.39882 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-20T03:08:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-20T03:08:30Z", "ms": 117342510092.3383 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-19T05:11:36+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-19T05:11:36Z", "ms": 117263495738.39882 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-20T03:08:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-20T03:08:30Z", "ms": 117342510092.3383 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-18T23:21:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-18T23:21:31Z", "ms": 117242490708.8675 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-18T23:21:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-18T23:21:31Z", "ms": 117242490708.8675 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-20T00:22:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-20T00:22:34Z", "ms": 117332553708.86708 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-20T00:22:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-20T00:22:34Z", "ms": 117332553708.86708 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 05:12 on Wed 19 Sep to 03:09 on Thu 20 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-19T05:11:36Z → 1973-09-20T03:08:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:22 on the 18th and 00:23 on the 19th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 18th and is on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9956 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 19 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana 1973 falls on Wednesday 19 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 05:12 on Wed 19 Sep to 03:09 on Thu 20 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-09-22", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Indirā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26829, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-21T22:54:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-21T22:54:02Z", "ms": 117500041964.38202 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-22T20:46:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-22T20:46:33Z", "ms": 117578792774.45697 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-21T22:54:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-21T22:54:02Z", "ms": 117500041964.38202 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-22T20:46:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-22T20:46:33Z", "ms": 117578792774.45697 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-22T06:21:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-22T06:21:11Z", "ms": 117526871147.51447 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-22T06:21:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-22T06:21:11Z", "ms": 117526871147.51447 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-23T06:21:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-23T06:21:11Z", "ms": 117613271066.4289 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-23T06:21:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-23T06:21:11Z", "ms": 117613271066.4289 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 22:54 on Fri 21 Sep to 20:47 on Sat 22 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-21T22:54:02Z → 1973-09-22T20:46:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:21 on the 22nd and 06:21 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 22nd and is not on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26829 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Indirā Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 22 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Indirā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Saturday 22 September. Ekādaśī runs from 22:54 on Fri 21 Sep to 20:47 on Sat 22 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-09-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-09-23", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 967, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-23T18:43:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-23T18:43:18Z", "ms": 117657797863.38646 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-24T16:49:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-24T16:49:13Z", "ms": 117737353369.42299 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-23T18:43:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-23T18:43:18Z", "ms": 117657797863.38646 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-24T16:49:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-24T16:49:13Z", "ms": 117737353369.42299 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-23T18:27:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-23T18:27:11Z", "ms": 117656830576.82431 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-23T20:02:23+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-23T20:02:23Z", "ms": 117662542649.7813 } }, "covered_min": 79, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-24T18:26:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-24T18:26:29Z", "ms": 117743188891.70299 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-24T20:01:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-24T20:01:47Z", "ms": 117748906550.6441 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 18:43 on Sun 23 Sep to 16:49 on Mon 24 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-23T18:43:18Z → 1973-09-24T16:49:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:27–20:02 on the 23rd, 18:26–20:02 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 79 of 95 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 95 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 967 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 23 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Sunday 23 September. Trayodaśī runs from 18:43 on Sun 23 Sep to 16:49 on Mon 24 Sep and covers 79 of 95 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-09-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-09-24", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25837, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-24T16:49:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-24T16:49:13Z", "ms": 117737353369.42299 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-25T15:10:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-25T15:10:26Z", "ms": 117817826137.76219 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-24T16:49:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-24T16:49:13Z", "ms": 117737353369.42299 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-25T15:10:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-25T15:10:26Z", "ms": 117817826137.76219 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-24T23:59:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-24T23:59:50Z", "ms": 117763190112.73218 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-25T00:47:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-25T00:47:50Z", "ms": 117766070112.73218 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-25T23:59:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-25T23:59:30Z", "ms": 117849569539.47437 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-26T00:47:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-26T00:47:30Z", "ms": 117852449539.47437 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 16:49 on Mon 24 Sep to 15:10 on Tue 25 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-24T16:49:13Z → 1973-09-25T15:10:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:00–00:48 on the 24th, 23:59–00:47 on the 25th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25837 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Bamako, 1973: Monday 24 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Monday 24 September. Caturdaśī runs from 16:49 on Mon 24 Sep to 15:10 on Tue 25 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-09-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/mahalaya-amavasya", "festival": "mahalaya-amavasya", "name": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā", "everyday": "Sarvapitṛ Amāvāsyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-25", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1098, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1973-09-25T15:10:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-25T15:10:26Z", "ms": 117817826137.76219 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-26T13:53:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-26T13:53:50Z", "ms": 117899630122.07312 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-25T15:10:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-25T15:10:26Z", "ms": 117817826137.76219 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-26T13:53:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-26T13:53:50Z", "ms": 117899630122.07312 } }, "kaala": "aparahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-25T13:35:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-25T13:35:57Z", "ms": 117812156955.55693 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-25T16:00:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-25T16:00:52Z", "ms": 117820852162.82213 } }, "covered_min": 50, "window_min": 145, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-26T13:35:32+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-26T13:35:32Z", "ms": 117898532302.6691 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-26T16:00:19+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-26T16:00:19Z", "ms": 117907219167.27167 } }, "covered_min": 18, "window_min": 145, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 15:10 on Tue 25 Sep to 13:54 on Wed 26 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-25T15:10:26Z → 1973-09-26T13:53:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aparāhṇa is 10th to 12th of 15 day muhūrtas: 13:36–16:01 on the 25th, 13:36–16:00 on the 26th.", "fact": "aparahna: day-muhurta-10-12 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during aparāhṇa. It covers 50 of 145 minutes on the 25th and 18 of 145 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both afternoons qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1098 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 25 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalaya-amavasya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Mahalaya amavasya (aparahnavyapini)" } ], "not_evaluated": "The note on p. 106 gives the first day in a decreasing tithimāna and the second in an increasing one, when amāvāsyā covers the whole of aparāhṇa on both days; tithimāna is not computed.", "kaala": "aparahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-25", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-25", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Mahālaya Amāvāsyā 1973 falls on Tuesday 25 September. Amāvasyā runs from 15:10 on Tue 25 Sep to 13:54 on Wed 26 Sep and covers 50 of 145 minutes of aparāhṇa that afternoon. It also reaches the next afternoon for 18 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/mahalaya-amavasya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/navaratra-arambha", "festival": "navaratra-arambha", "name": "Navarātrārambha", "everyday": "Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1180, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1973-09-26T13:53:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-26T13:53:50Z", "ms": 117899630122.07312 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-27T13:06:28+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-27T13:06:28Z", "ms": 117983188103.65297 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-26T13:53:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-26T13:53:50Z", "ms": 117899630122.07312 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-27T13:06:28+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-27T13:06:28Z", "ms": 117983188103.65297 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-26T11:59:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-26T11:59:09Z", "ms": 117892748870.36783 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-26T12:47:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-26T12:47:09Z", "ms": 117895628870.36783 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-27T11:58:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-27T11:58:49Z", "ms": 117979128579.6471 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-27T12:46:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-27T12:46:49Z", "ms": 117982008579.6471 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 13:54 on Wed 26 Sep to 13:06 on Thu 27 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-26T13:53:50Z → 1973-09-27T13:06:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:59–12:47 on the 26th, 11:59–12:47 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1180 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 27 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Navarātrārambha (Navratri) 1973 falls on Thursday 27 September. Pratipadā runs from 13:54 on Wed 26 Sep to 13:06 on Thu 27 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/navaratra-arambha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-09-30", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-09-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2198, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-09-29T13:22:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-29T13:22:47Z", "ms": 118156967133.71336 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-30T14:32:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-30T14:32:12Z", "ms": 118247531804.83238 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-09-29T13:22:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-29T13:22:47Z", "ms": 118156967133.71336 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-30T14:32:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-30T14:32:12Z", "ms": 118247531804.83238 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-29T11:58:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-29T11:58:09Z", "ms": 118151888637.62076 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-29T12:46:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-29T12:46:09Z", "ms": 118154768637.62076 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-09-30T11:57:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-30T11:57:49Z", "ms": 118238269020.74973 }, "end": { "local": "1973-09-30T12:45:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-09-30T12:45:49Z", "ms": 118241149020.74973 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:23 on Sat 29 Sep to 14:32 on Sun 30 Sep.", "fact": "1973-09-29T13:22:47Z → 1973-09-30T14:32:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:58–12:46 on the 29th, 11:58–12:46 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2198 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 30 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-09-30", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Sunday 30 September. Caturthī runs from 13:23 on Sat 29 Sep to 14:32 on Sun 30 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-09-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/durga-saptami", "festival": "durga-saptami", "name": "Durgā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32915, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-02T18:37:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-02T18:37:37Z", "ms": 118435056933.05519 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-03T21:12:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-03T21:12:47Z", "ms": 118530766836.45229 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-02T18:37:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-02T18:37:37Z", "ms": 118435056933.05519 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-03T21:12:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-03T21:12:47Z", "ms": 118530766836.45229 } }, "kaala": "udaya-1", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-03T06:21:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-03T06:21:20Z", "ms": 118477280092.69293 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-03T07:09:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-03T07:09:16Z", "ms": 118480156320.87059 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-04T06:21:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-04T06:21:22Z", "ms": 118563682285.5912 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-04T07:09:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-04T07:09:16Z", "ms": 118566555759.37892 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 18:38 on Tue 2 Oct to 21:13 on Wed 3 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-02T18:37:37Z → 1973-10-03T21:12:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first muhūrta after sunrise is 1st of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:21–07:09 on the 3rd, 06:21–07:09 on the 4th.", "fact": "udaya-1: day-muhurta-1-1 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must hold through the first muhūrta after sunrise. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 32915 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Saptamī, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 3 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Durga saptami (paraviddha) — covering one muhurta from sunrise" } ], "kaala": "udaya-1", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Durgā Saptamī 1973 falls on Wednesday 3 October. Saptamī runs from 18:38 on Tue 2 Oct to 21:13 on Wed 3 Oct and covers all of the first muhūrta after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/durga-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/mahashtami", "festival": "mahashtami", "name": "Mahāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Durga Ashtami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30475, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-03T21:12:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-03T21:12:47Z", "ms": 118530766836.45229 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-04T23:49:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-04T23:49:24Z", "ms": 118626564310.13553 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-03T21:12:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-03T21:12:47Z", "ms": 118530766836.45229 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-04T23:49:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-04T23:49:24Z", "ms": 118626564310.13553 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-03T11:56:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-03T11:56:52Z", "ms": 118497411804.02536 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-03T12:44:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-03T12:44:52Z", "ms": 118500291804.02536 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-04T11:56:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-04T11:56:33Z", "ms": 118583793338.99905 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-04T12:44:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-04T12:44:33Z", "ms": 118586673338.99905 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 21:13 on Wed 3 Oct to 23:49 on Thu 4 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-03T21:12:47Z → 1973-10-04T23:49:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:57–12:45 on the 3rd, 11:57–12:45 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30475 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāṣṭamī, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 4 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 1973 falls on Thursday 4 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 21:13 on Wed 3 Oct to 23:49 on Thu 4 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/mahashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/mahanavami", "festival": "mahanavami", "name": "Mahānavamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35097, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-04T23:49:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-04T23:49:24Z", "ms": 118626564310.13553 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-06T02:11:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T02:11:01Z", "ms": 118721460721.30592 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-04T23:49:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-04T23:49:24Z", "ms": 118626564310.13553 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-06T02:11:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T02:11:01Z", "ms": 118721460721.30592 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-05T11:56:15+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-05T11:56:15Z", "ms": 118670175209.92679 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-05T12:44:15+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-05T12:44:15Z", "ms": 118673055209.92679 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-06T11:55:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T11:55:57Z", "ms": 118756557436.77441 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-06T12:43:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T12:43:57Z", "ms": 118759437436.77441 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 23:49 on Thu 4 Oct to 02:11 on Sat 6 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-04T23:49:24Z → 1973-10-06T02:11:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:56–12:44 on the 5th, 11:56–12:44 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 35097 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahānavamī, Bamako, 1973: Friday 5 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahanavami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Mahanavami (purvaviddha) (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha covering one muhurta from sunrise)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Mahānavamī 1973 falls on Friday 5 October. Navamī runs from 23:49 on Thu 4 Oct to 02:11 on Sat 6 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/mahanavami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vijaya-dashami", "festival": "vijaya-dashami", "name": "Vijayā Daśamī", "everyday": "Dussehra", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5156, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 9, "key": "dashami", "name": "Daśamī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-06T02:11:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T02:11:01Z", "ms": 118721460721.30592 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-07T04:03:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-07T04:03:22Z", "ms": 118814601702.55977 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "conjunction", "start": { "local": "1973-10-06T07:47:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T07:47:24Z", "ms": 118741643875.33794 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-07T04:03:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-07T04:03:22Z", "ms": 118814601702.55977 }, "nakshatra": { "type": "nakshatra", "index": 21, "key": "shravana", "name": "Śravaṇa", "start": { "local": "1973-10-06T07:47:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T07:47:24Z", "ms": 118741643875.33794 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-07T10:04:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-07T10:04:11Z", "ms": 118836250666.18271 } } }, "kaala": "daytime", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-06T06:21:28+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T06:21:28Z", "ms": 118736487573.09322 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-06T18:18:27+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-06T18:18:27Z", "ms": 118779507300.45563 } }, "covered_min": 631, "window_min": 717, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-07T06:21:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-07T06:21:31Z", "ms": 118822890700.846 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-07T18:17:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-07T18:17:49Z", "ms": 118865869378.93214 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 716, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Daśamī runs from 02:11 on Sat 6 Oct to 04:03 on Sun 7 Oct, and Śravaṇa from 07:47 on Sat 6 Oct to 10:04 on Sun 7 Oct. They are together from 07:47 on Sat 6 Oct to 04:03 on Sun 7 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-06T07:47:24Z → 1973-10-07T04:03:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day time is sunrise to sunset: 06:21–18:18 on the 6th, 06:22–18:18 on the 7th.", "fact": "daytime: sunrise-to-sunset · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Where Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time, that day is taken. Together they cover 631 of 717 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 716 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5156 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Daśamī, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 6 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vijaya-dashami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 10 Vijaya dasami (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha, covering one muhurta from sunrise. In other places, if it touches Sravana naksatra in the day time it is observed on that day), Sarasvati visarjana (to be observed in naksatra Sravana), Dasahara." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day", "conjunction": { "nakshatra": "Śravaṇa", "kaala": "daytime" } }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vijayā Daśamī (Dussehra) 1973 falls on Saturday 6 October. Daśamī runs from 02:11 on Sat 6 Oct to 04:03 on Sun 7 Oct and is with Śravaṇa in the day time that day, for 631 minutes.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vijaya-dashami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-10-07", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3902, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-07T04:03:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-07T04:03:22Z", "ms": 118814601702.55977 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-08T05:16:32+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-08T05:16:32Z", "ms": 118905392315.84734 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-07T04:03:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-07T04:03:22Z", "ms": 118814601702.55977 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-08T05:16:32+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-08T05:16:32Z", "ms": 118905392315.84734 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-07T06:21:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-07T06:21:31Z", "ms": 118822890700.846 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-07T06:21:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-07T06:21:31Z", "ms": 118822890700.846 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-08T06:21:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-08T06:21:34Z", "ms": 118909294174.0186 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-08T06:21:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-08T06:21:34Z", "ms": 118909294174.0186 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:03 on Sun 7 Oct to 05:17 on Mon 8 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-07T04:03:22Z → 1973-10-08T05:16:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:22 on the 7th and 06:22 on the 8th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 7th and is not on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3902 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 7 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Sunday 7 October. Ekādaśī runs from 04:03 on Sun 7 Oct to 05:17 on Mon 8 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-10-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-10-09", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34680, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-09T05:45:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-09T05:45:48Z", "ms": 118993548016.97772 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-10T05:31:15+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-10T05:31:15Z", "ms": 119079075441.40935 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-09T05:45:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-09T05:45:48Z", "ms": 118993548016.97772 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-10T05:31:15+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-10T05:31:15Z", "ms": 119079075441.40935 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-08T18:17:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-08T18:17:12Z", "ms": 118952231906.07219 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-08T19:53:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-08T19:53:47Z", "ms": 118958027386.62994 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-09T18:16:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-09T18:16:35Z", "ms": 119038594906.75261 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-09T19:53:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-09T19:53:16Z", "ms": 119044395882.88383 } }, "covered_min": 97, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:46 on Tue 9 Oct to 05:31 on Wed 10 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-09T05:45:48Z → 1973-10-10T05:31:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:17–19:54 on the 8th, 18:17–19:53 on the 9th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 97 minutes on the 8th and 97 of 97 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34680 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 9 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Tuesday 9 October. Trayodaśī runs from 05:46 on Tue 9 Oct to 05:31 on Wed 10 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-10-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/karaka-chaturthi", "festival": "karaka-chaturthi", "name": "Karaka Caturthī", "everyday": "Karwa Chauth", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-14", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1587, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-14T20:42:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-14T20:42:56Z", "ms": 119479376314.45082 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-15T18:18:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-15T18:18:26Z", "ms": 119557106114.78772 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-14T20:42:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-14T20:42:56Z", "ms": 119479376314.45082 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-15T18:18:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-15T18:18:26Z", "ms": 119557106114.78772 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-14T20:16:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-14T20:16:29Z", "ms": 119477789143.37024 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-14T20:16:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-14T20:16:29Z", "ms": 119477789143.37024 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-15T21:15:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-15T21:15:22Z", "ms": 119567721982.52019 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-15T21:15:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-15T21:15:22Z", "ms": 119567721982.52019 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:43 on Sun 14 Oct to 18:18 on Mon 15 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-14T20:42:56Z → 1973-10-15T18:18:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:16 on the 14th and 21:15 on the 15th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 14th and is not on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → tithi-day · margin 1587 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Karaka Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 14 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "karaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Karaka caturthi (current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-14", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-14", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Karaka Caturthī (Karwa Chauth) 1973 falls on Sunday 14 October. Caturthī runs from 20:43 on Sun 14 Oct to 18:18 on Mon 15 Oct, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/karaka-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-10-14", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-14", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1587, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-14T20:42:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-14T20:42:56Z", "ms": 119479376314.45082 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-15T18:18:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-15T18:18:26Z", "ms": 119557106114.78772 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-14T20:42:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-14T20:42:56Z", "ms": 119479376314.45082 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-15T18:18:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-15T18:18:26Z", "ms": 119557106114.78772 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-14T20:16:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-14T20:16:29Z", "ms": 119477789143.37024 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-14T20:16:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-14T20:16:29Z", "ms": 119477789143.37024 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-15T21:15:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-15T21:15:22Z", "ms": 119567721982.52019 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-15T21:15:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-15T21:15:22Z", "ms": 119567721982.52019 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:43 on Sun 14 Oct to 18:18 on Mon 15 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-14T20:42:56Z → 1973-10-15T18:18:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:16 on the 14th and 21:15 on the 15th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 14th and is not on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 1587 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 14 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-14", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-14", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Sunday 14 October. Caturthī runs from 20:43 on Sun 14 Oct to 18:18 on Mon 15 Oct, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-10-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ahoyi-ashtami", "festival": "ahoyi-ashtami", "name": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33386, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-18T11:32:28+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-18T11:32:28Z", "ms": 119791948095.90929 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-19T09:35:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-19T09:35:42Z", "ms": 119871341802.85246 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-18T11:32:28+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-18T11:32:28Z", "ms": 119791948095.90929 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-19T09:35:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-19T09:35:42Z", "ms": 119871341802.85246 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-17T23:18:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-17T23:18:44Z", "ms": 119747924128.18259 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-17T23:18:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-17T23:18:44Z", "ms": 119747924128.18259 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-19T00:19:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-19T00:19:16Z", "ms": 119837956170.36674 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-19T00:19:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-19T00:19:16Z", "ms": 119837956170.36674 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 11:32 on Thu 18 Oct to 09:36 on Fri 19 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-18T11:32:28Z → 1973-10-19T09:35:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:19 on the 17th and 00:19 on the 18th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 17th and is on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33386 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 18 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ahoyi-ashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Ahoyi astami (Gujerat) (current at moonrise), Karastami (Maharashtra). If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Ahoyī Aṣṭamī 1973 falls on Thursday 18 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 11:32 on Thu 18 Oct to 09:36 on Fri 19 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ahoyi-ashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-10-21", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ramā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-21", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 264, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-21T06:18:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-21T06:18:35Z", "ms": 120032315344.02528 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-22T05:01:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T05:01:03Z", "ms": 120114062810.26718 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-21T06:18:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-21T06:18:35Z", "ms": 120032315344.02528 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-22T05:01:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T05:01:03Z", "ms": 120114062810.26718 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-21T06:22:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-21T06:22:59Z", "ms": 120032579071.8859 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-21T06:22:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-21T06:22:59Z", "ms": 120032579071.8859 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-22T06:23:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T06:23:09Z", "ms": 120118989237.7444 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-22T06:23:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T06:23:09Z", "ms": 120118989237.7444 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:19 on Sun 21 Oct to 05:01 on Mon 22 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-21T06:18:35Z → 1973-10-22T05:01:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:23 on the 21st and 06:23 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 21st and is not on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 264 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ramā Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 21 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-21", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Ramā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Sunday 21 October. Ekādaśī runs from 06:19 on Sun 21 Oct to 05:01 on Mon 22 Oct and is current at sunrise that day. It is 4 min 24 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-10-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/govatsa-dvadashi", "festival": "govatsa-dvadashi", "name": "Govatsa Dvādaśī", "everyday": "Vasu Baras", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29590, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 26, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-22T05:01:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T05:01:03Z", "ms": 120114062810.26718 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-23T04:00:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T04:00:29Z", "ms": 120196829215.67635 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-22T05:01:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T05:01:03Z", "ms": 120114062810.26718 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-23T04:00:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T04:00:29Z", "ms": 120196829215.67635 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-21T18:09:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-21T18:09:57Z", "ms": 120074997264.89433 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-21T19:47:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-21T19:47:43Z", "ms": 120080862861.27434 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-22T18:09:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T18:09:29Z", "ms": 120161368734.5988 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-22T19:47:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T19:47:20Z", "ms": 120167239567.54527 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 05:01 on Mon 22 Oct to 04:00 on Tue 23 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-22T05:01:03Z → 1973-10-23T04:00:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:10–19:48 on the 21st, 18:09–19:47 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 98 minutes on the 21st and 98 of 98 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 29590 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govatsa Dvādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Monday 22 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govatsa-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 12 Govatsa dvadasi (pradosa vyapini). If occurs on two days, it is to be observed on the first day." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vasu Baras) 1973 falls on Monday 22 October. Dvādaśī runs from 05:01 on Mon 22 Oct to 04:00 on Tue 23 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/govatsa-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/yama-dipadana", "festival": "yama-dipadana", "name": "Yama Dīpadāna", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27196, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-23T04:00:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T04:00:29Z", "ms": 120196829215.67635 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-24T03:20:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z", "ms": 120280812653.85739 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-23T04:00:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T04:00:29Z", "ms": 120196829215.67635 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-24T03:20:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z", "ms": 120280812653.85739 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-22T18:09:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T18:09:29Z", "ms": 120161368734.5988 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-22T19:47:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T19:47:20Z", "ms": 120167239567.54527 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-23T18:09:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T18:09:01Z", "ms": 120247741011.01118 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-23T19:46:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T19:46:57Z", "ms": 120253617050.8662 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 04:00 on Tue 23 Oct to 03:20 on Wed 24 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-23T04:00:29Z → 1973-10-24T03:20:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:09–19:47 on the 22nd, 18:09–19:47 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 98 minutes on the 22nd and 98 of 98 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27196 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dīpadāna, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 23 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dipadana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 13 Yama dipadana (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Yama Dīpadāna 1973 falls on Tuesday 23 October. Trayodaśī runs from 04:00 on Tue 23 Oct to 03:20 on Wed 24 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/yama-dipadana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-10-23", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27196, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-23T04:00:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T04:00:29Z", "ms": 120196829215.67635 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-24T03:20:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z", "ms": 120280812653.85739 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-23T04:00:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T04:00:29Z", "ms": 120196829215.67635 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-24T03:20:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z", "ms": 120280812653.85739 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-22T18:09:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T18:09:29Z", "ms": 120161368734.5988 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-22T19:47:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-22T19:47:20Z", "ms": 120167239567.54527 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-23T18:09:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T18:09:01Z", "ms": 120247741011.01118 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-23T19:46:57+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T19:46:57Z", "ms": 120253617050.8662 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 04:00 on Tue 23 Oct to 03:20 on Wed 24 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-23T04:00:29Z → 1973-10-24T03:20:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:09–19:47 on the 22nd, 18:09–19:47 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 98 minutes on the 22nd and 98 of 98 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27196 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 23 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Tuesday 23 October. Trayodaśī runs from 04:00 on Tue 23 Oct to 03:20 on Wed 24 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-10-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/naraka-chaturdashi", "festival": "naraka-chaturdashi", "name": "Naraka Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Choti Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5123, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-24T03:20:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z", "ms": 120280812653.85739 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-25T03:04:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z", "ms": 120366250742.83867 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-24T03:20:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z", "ms": 120280812653.85739 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-25T03:04:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z", "ms": 120366250742.83867 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-24T04:45:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T04:45:35Z", "ms": 120285935270.06876 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-24T06:23:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T06:23:31Z", "ms": 120291811309.92377 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-25T04:45:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T04:45:42Z", "ms": 120372342012.0026 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-25T06:23:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T06:23:43Z", "ms": 120378223227.53592 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 03:20 on Wed 24 Oct to 03:04 on Thu 25 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z → 1973-10-25T03:04:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 04:46–06:24 on the 24th, 04:46–06:24 on the 25th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 98 of 98 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 98 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 5123 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Naraka Caturdaśī, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 24 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naraka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Naraka caturdasi (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Naraka Caturdaśī (Choti Diwali) 1973 falls on Wednesday 24 October. Caturdaśī runs from 03:20 on Wed 24 Oct to 03:04 on Thu 25 Oct and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/naraka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-10-24", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8642, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-24T03:20:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z", "ms": 120280812653.85739 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-25T03:04:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z", "ms": 120366250742.83867 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-24T03:20:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z", "ms": 120280812653.85739 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-25T03:04:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z", "ms": 120366250742.83867 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-23T23:52:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-23T23:52:16Z", "ms": 120268336160.46747 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-24T00:40:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T00:40:16Z", "ms": 120271216160.46747 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-24T23:52:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T23:52:09Z", "ms": 120354728669.28595 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-25T00:40:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T00:40:09Z", "ms": 120357608669.28595 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 03:20 on Wed 24 Oct to 03:04 on Thu 25 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-24T03:20:13Z → 1973-10-25T03:04:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:52–00:40 on the 23rd, 23:52–00:40 on the 24th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8642 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 24 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Wednesday 24 October. Caturdaśī runs from 03:20 on Wed 24 Oct to 03:04 on Thu 25 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-10-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "festival": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "name": "Lakṣmī Pūjā", "everyday": "Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26255, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1973-10-25T03:04:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z", "ms": 120366250742.83867 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-26T03:16:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-25T03:04:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z", "ms": 120366250742.83867 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-26T03:16:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-24T18:08:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T18:08:34Z", "ms": 120334114111.03596 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-24T19:46:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T19:46:35Z", "ms": 120339995326.56929 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-25T18:08:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T18:08:08Z", "ms": 120420488050.84041 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-25T19:46:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T19:46:14Z", "ms": 120426374409.22934 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 03:04 on Thu 25 Oct to 03:17 on Fri 26 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z → 1973-10-26T03:16:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:09–19:47 on the 24th, 18:08–19:46 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 98 minutes on the 24th and 98 of 98 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26255 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pūjā, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 25 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali) 1973 falls on Thursday 25 October. Amāvasyā runs from 03:04 on Thu 25 Oct to 03:17 on Fri 26 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/kali-puja", "festival": "kali-puja", "name": "Kālī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8642, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1973-10-25T03:04:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z", "ms": 120366250742.83867 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-26T03:16:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-25T03:04:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z", "ms": 120366250742.83867 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-26T03:16:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-24T23:52:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-24T23:52:09Z", "ms": 120354728669.28595 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-25T00:40:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T00:40:09Z", "ms": 120357608669.28595 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-25T23:52:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T23:52:02Z", "ms": 120441121894.79892 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-26T00:40:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T00:40:02Z", "ms": 120444001894.79892 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 03:04 on Thu 25 Oct to 03:17 on Fri 26 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-25T03:04:11Z → 1973-10-26T03:16:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:52–00:40 on the 24th, 23:52–00:40 on the 25th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 48 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8642 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kālī Pūjā, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 25 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kālī Pūjā 1973 falls on Thursday 25 October. Amāvasyā runs from 03:04 on Thu 25 Oct to 03:17 on Fri 26 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/kali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/govardhana-puja", "festival": "govardhana-puja", "name": "Govardhana Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28265, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T03:16:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T04:00:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z", "ms": 120542438641.21603 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T03:16:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T04:00:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z", "ms": 120542438641.21603 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T11:51:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T11:51:49Z", "ms": 120484309292.40729 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-26T12:39:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T12:39:49Z", "ms": 120487189292.40729 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-27T11:51:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T11:51:44Z", "ms": 120570703679.53587 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T12:39:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T12:39:44Z", "ms": 120573583679.53587 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 03:17 on Fri 26 Oct to 04:01 on Sat 27 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z → 1973-10-27T04:00:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:52–12:40 on the 26th, 11:52–12:40 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 28265 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govardhana Pūjā, Bamako, 1973: Friday 26 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govardhana-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Govardhana Pūjā 1973 falls on Friday 26 October. Pratipadā runs from 03:17 on Fri 26 Oct to 04:01 on Sat 27 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/govardhana-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/bali-puja", "festival": "bali-puja", "name": "Bali Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27016, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T03:16:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T04:00:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z", "ms": 120542438641.21603 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T03:16:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T04:00:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z", "ms": 120542438641.21603 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-25T18:08:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T18:08:08Z", "ms": 120420488050.84041 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-25T19:46:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-25T19:46:14Z", "ms": 120426374409.22934 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T18:07:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T18:07:43Z", "ms": 120506862846.05716 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-26T19:45:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T19:45:54Z", "ms": 120512754312.8633 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 03:17 on Fri 26 Oct to 04:01 on Sat 27 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z → 1973-10-27T04:00:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:08–19:46 on the 25th, 18:08–19:46 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 98 minutes on the 25th and 98 of 98 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27016 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bali Pūjā, Bamako, 1973: Friday 26 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Bali Pūjā 1973 falls on Friday 26 October. Pratipadā runs from 03:17 on Fri 26 Oct to 04:01 on Sat 27 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/bali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/dyuta-pratipad", "festival": "dyuta-pratipad", "name": "Dyūta Pratipad", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8610, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T03:16:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T04:00:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z", "ms": 120542438641.21603 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T03:16:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z", "ms": 120453390043.93086 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T04:00:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z", "ms": 120542438641.21603 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-26T06:23:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T06:23:56Z", "ms": 120464635738.75742 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-26T10:18:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-26T10:18:31Z", "ms": 120478711441.19066 } }, "covered_min": 235, "window_min": 235, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-27T06:24:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T06:24:09Z", "ms": 120551048847.10313 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T10:18:32+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T10:18:32Z", "ms": 120565112068.72496 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 234, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 03:17 on Fri 26 Oct to 04:01 on Sat 27 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-26T03:16:30Z → 1973-10-27T04:00:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:24–10:19 on the 26th, 06:24–10:19 on the 27th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 235 of 235 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 234 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8610 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dyūta Pratipad, Bamako, 1973: Friday 26 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dyuta-pratipad", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Dyūta Pratipad 1973 falls on Friday 26 October. Pratipadā runs from 03:17 on Fri 26 Oct to 04:01 on Sat 27 Oct and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/dyuta-pratipad", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/yama-dvitiya", "festival": "yama-dvitiya", "name": "Yama Dvitīyā", "everyday": "Bhai Dooj", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23594, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1973-10-27T04:00:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z", "ms": 120542438641.21603 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-28T05:18:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-28T05:18:25Z", "ms": 120633504913.37921 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-27T04:00:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z", "ms": 120542438641.21603 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-28T05:18:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-28T05:18:25Z", "ms": 120633504913.37921 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-27T11:51:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T11:51:44Z", "ms": 120570703679.53587 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-27T12:39:44+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-27T12:39:44Z", "ms": 120573583679.53587 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-28T11:51:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-28T11:51:39Z", "ms": 120657098809.59308 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-28T12:39:39+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-28T12:39:39Z", "ms": 120659978809.59308 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 04:01 on Sat 27 Oct to 05:18 on Sun 28 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-27T04:00:39Z → 1973-10-28T05:18:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:52–12:40 on the 27th, 11:52–12:40 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 23594 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dvitīyā, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dvitiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Bhratrdvitiya, Yamadvitiya (madhyahna, purvaviddha), Masyadhara (Dwat) puja (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Yama Dvitīyā (Bhai Dooj) 1973 falls on Saturday 27 October. Dvitīyā runs from 04:01 on Sat 27 Oct to 05:18 on Sun 28 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/yama-dvitiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/naga-chaturthi", "festival": "naga-chaturthi", "name": "Nāga Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8664, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-29T07:08:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-29T07:08:50Z", "ms": 120726529791.36119 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-30T09:27:07+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-30T09:27:07Z", "ms": 120821226971.16505 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-29T07:08:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-29T07:08:50Z", "ms": 120726529791.36119 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-30T09:27:07+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-30T09:27:07Z", "ms": 120821226971.16505 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-29T11:51:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-29T11:51:35Z", "ms": 120743494691.32463 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-29T12:39:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-29T12:39:35Z", "ms": 120746374691.32463 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-30T11:51:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-30T11:51:31Z", "ms": 120829891333.25851 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-30T12:39:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-30T12:39:31Z", "ms": 120832771333.25851 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:09 on Mon 29 Oct to 09:27 on Tue 30 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-29T07:08:50Z → 1973-10-30T09:27:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:52–12:40 on the 29th, 11:52–12:40 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 8664 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Monday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Naga caturthi (paraviddha and madhyahnavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Nāga Caturthī 1973 falls on Monday 29 October. Caturthī runs from 07:09 on Mon 29 Oct to 09:27 on Tue 30 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/naga-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-10-29", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-10-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8664, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-29T07:08:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-29T07:08:50Z", "ms": 120726529791.36119 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-30T09:27:07+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-30T09:27:07Z", "ms": 120821226971.16505 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-29T07:08:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-29T07:08:50Z", "ms": 120726529791.36119 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-30T09:27:07+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-30T09:27:07Z", "ms": 120821226971.16505 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-29T11:51:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-29T11:51:35Z", "ms": 120743494691.32463 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-29T12:39:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-29T12:39:35Z", "ms": 120746374691.32463 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-30T11:51:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-30T11:51:31Z", "ms": 120829891333.25851 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-30T12:39:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-30T12:39:31Z", "ms": 120832771333.25851 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:09 on Mon 29 Oct to 09:27 on Tue 30 Oct.", "fact": "1973-10-29T07:08:50Z → 1973-10-30T09:27:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:52–12:40 on the 29th, 11:52–12:40 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8664 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Monday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Monday 29 October. Caturthī runs from 07:09 on Mon 29 Oct to 09:27 on Tue 30 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-10-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/surya-shashthi", "festival": "surya-shashthi", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī", "everyday": "Chhath", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-01", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 765, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1973-10-31T12:04:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-31T12:04:13Z", "ms": 120917053359.24516 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-01T14:47:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-01T14:47:14Z", "ms": 121013233791.28127 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-10-31T12:04:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-31T12:04:13Z", "ms": 120917053359.24516 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-01T14:47:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-01T14:47:14Z", "ms": 121013233791.28127 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-10-31T11:51:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-31T11:51:29Z", "ms": 120916288743.71802 }, "end": { "local": "1973-10-31T12:39:29+00:00", "utc": "1973-10-31T12:39:29Z", "ms": 120919168743.71802 } }, "covered_min": 35, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-01T11:51:27+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-01T11:51:27Z", "ms": 121002686930.88614 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-01T12:39:27+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-01T12:39:27Z", "ms": 121005566930.88614 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 12:04 on Wed 31 Oct to 14:47 on Thu 1 Nov.", "fact": "1973-10-31T12:04:13Z → 1973-11-01T14:47:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:51–12:39 on the 31st, 11:51–12:39 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 35 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 765 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 1 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Nadi sasthi, Skanda sasthi (Madras), Surya sasthi, Chhat (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-01", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-01", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Chhath) 1973 falls on Thursday 1 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 12:04 on Wed 31 Oct to 14:47 on Thu 1 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 35 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/surya-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/gopashtami", "festival": "gopashtami", "name": "Gopāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16886, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-02T17:20:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-02T17:20:52Z", "ms": 121108851653.26466 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-03T19:29:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T19:29:50Z", "ms": 121202990048.40906 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-02T17:20:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-02T17:20:52Z", "ms": 121108851653.26466 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-03T19:29:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T19:29:50Z", "ms": 121202990048.40906 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-02T11:51:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-02T11:51:26Z", "ms": 121089085902.62569 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-02T12:39:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-02T12:39:26Z", "ms": 121091965902.62569 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-03T11:51:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T11:51:26Z", "ms": 121175485666.47836 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-03T12:39:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T12:39:26Z", "ms": 121178365666.47836 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 17:21 on Fri 2 Nov to 19:30 on Sat 3 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-02T17:20:52Z → 1973-11-03T19:29:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:51–12:39 on the 2nd, 11:51–12:39 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16886 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gopāṣṭamī, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gopashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Gopāṣṭamī 1973 falls on Saturday 3 November. Aṣṭamī runs from 17:21 on Fri 2 Nov to 19:30 on Sat 3 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/gopashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/akshaya-navami", "festival": "akshaya-navami", "name": "Akṣaya Navamī", "everyday": "Amla Navami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33054, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-03T19:29:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T19:29:50Z", "ms": 121202990048.40906 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-04T21:01:21+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T21:01:21Z", "ms": 121294881261.09454 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-03T19:29:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T19:29:50Z", "ms": 121202990048.40906 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-04T21:01:21+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T21:01:21Z", "ms": 121294881261.09454 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-03T06:25:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T06:25:58Z", "ms": 121155957527.18999 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-03T10:18:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T10:18:56Z", "ms": 121169936286.71556 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 233, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-04T06:26:15+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T06:26:15Z", "ms": 121242375488.83702 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-04T10:19:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T10:19:03Z", "ms": 121256342649.49277 } }, "covered_min": 233, "window_min": 233, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 19:30 on Sat 3 Nov to 21:01 on Sun 4 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-03T19:29:50Z → 1973-11-04T21:01:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:26–10:19 on the 3rd, 06:26–10:19 on the 4th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 233 minutes on the 3rd and 233 of 233 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33054 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Navamī, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 4 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Akṣaya Navamī (Amla Navami) 1973 falls on Sunday 4 November. Navamī runs from 19:30 on Sat 3 Nov to 21:01 on Sun 4 Nov and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/akshaya-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/durga-navami", "festival": "durga-navami", "name": "Durgā Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24624, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-03T19:29:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T19:29:50Z", "ms": 121202990048.40906 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-04T21:01:21+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T21:01:21Z", "ms": 121294881261.09454 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-03T19:29:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T19:29:50Z", "ms": 121202990048.40906 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-04T21:01:21+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T21:01:21Z", "ms": 121294881261.09454 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-03T11:51:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T11:51:26Z", "ms": 121175485666.47836 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-03T12:39:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-03T12:39:26Z", "ms": 121178365666.47836 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-04T11:51:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T11:51:26Z", "ms": 121261886229.82063 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-04T12:39:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-04T12:39:26Z", "ms": 121264766229.82063 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 19:30 on Sat 3 Nov to 21:01 on Sun 4 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-03T19:29:50Z → 1973-11-04T21:01:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:51–12:39 on the 3rd, 11:51–12:39 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 24624 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Navamī, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 4 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Durgā Navamī 1973 falls on Sunday 4 November. Navamī runs from 19:30 on Sat 3 Nov to 21:01 on Sun 4 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/durga-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-11-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31197, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-05T21:46:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-05T21:46:56Z", "ms": 121384016380.21793 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-06T21:43:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-06T21:43:08Z", "ms": 121470187858.9791 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-05T21:46:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-05T21:46:56Z", "ms": 121384016380.21793 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-06T21:43:08+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-06T21:43:08Z", "ms": 121470187858.9791 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-06T06:26:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-06T06:26:53Z", "ms": 121415213245.50887 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-06T06:26:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-06T06:26:53Z", "ms": 121415213245.50887 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-07T06:27:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-07T06:27:13Z", "ms": 121501633040.54568 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-07T06:27:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-07T06:27:13Z", "ms": 121501633040.54568 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:47 on Mon 5 Nov to 21:43 on Tue 6 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-05T21:46:56Z → 1973-11-06T21:43:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:27 on the 6th and 06:27 on the 7th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 6th and is not on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31197 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 6 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Prabodhinī Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Tuesday 6 November. Ekādaśī runs from 21:47 on Mon 5 Nov to 21:43 on Tue 6 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-11-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-11-08", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1619, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-07T20:51:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-07T20:51:09Z", "ms": 121553468983.4523 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-08T19:15:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-08T19:15:55Z", "ms": 121634154532.46758 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-07T20:51:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-07T20:51:09Z", "ms": 121553468983.4523 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-08T19:15:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-08T19:15:55Z", "ms": 121634154532.46758 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-07T18:03:53+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-07T18:03:53Z", "ms": 121543432535.75511 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-07T19:43:02+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-07T19:43:02Z", "ms": 121549381990.54723 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-08T18:03:40+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-08T18:03:40Z", "ms": 121629819794.54434 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-08T19:42:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-08T19:42:54Z", "ms": 121635773750.47409 } }, "covered_min": 72, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:51 on Wed 7 Nov to 19:16 on Thu 8 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-07T20:51:09Z → 1973-11-08T19:15:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:04–19:43 on the 7th, 18:04–19:43 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 99 minutes on the 7th and 72 of 99 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1619 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 8 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Thursday 8 November. Trayodaśī runs from 20:51 on Wed 7 Nov to 19:16 on Thu 8 Nov and covers 72 of 99 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-11-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/rasayatra", "festival": "rasayatra", "name": "Rāsayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24423, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-11-09T17:04:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-09T17:04:49Z", "ms": 121712689295.71483 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-10T14:26:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-10T14:26:42Z", "ms": 121789602364.17601 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-09T17:04:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-09T17:04:49Z", "ms": 121712689295.71483 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-10T14:26:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-10T14:26:42Z", "ms": 121789602364.17601 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-09T23:51:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-09T23:51:52Z", "ms": 121737112102.46323 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-10T00:39:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-10T00:39:52Z", "ms": 121739992102.46323 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-10T23:51:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-10T23:51:58Z", "ms": 121823517917.80388 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-11T00:39:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-11T00:39:58Z", "ms": 121826397917.80388 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:05 on Fri 9 Nov to 14:27 on Sat 10 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-09T17:04:49Z → 1973-11-10T14:26:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:52–00:40 on the 9th, 23:52–00:40 on the 10th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24423 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāsayātrā, Bamako, 1973: Friday 9 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rasayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Rāsayātrā 1973 falls on Friday 9 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:05 on Fri 9 Nov to 14:27 on Sat 10 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/rasayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/kartiki-purnima", "festival": "kartiki-purnima", "name": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6416, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-11-09T17:04:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-09T17:04:49Z", "ms": 121712689295.71483 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-10T14:26:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-10T14:26:42Z", "ms": 121789602364.17601 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-09T17:04:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-09T17:04:49Z", "ms": 121712689295.71483 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-10T14:26:42+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-10T14:26:42Z", "ms": 121789602364.17601 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-09T11:51:41+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-09T11:51:41Z", "ms": 121693901288.2031 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-09T12:39:41+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-09T12:39:41Z", "ms": 121696781288.2031 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-10T11:51:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-10T11:51:47Z", "ms": 121780306798.08171 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-10T12:39:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-10T12:39:47Z", "ms": 121783186798.08171 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:05 on Fri 9 Nov to 14:27 on Sat 10 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-09T17:04:49Z → 1973-11-10T14:26:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:52–12:40 on the 9th, 11:52–12:40 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6416 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 10 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kartiki-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kārtikī Pūrṇimā 1973 falls on Saturday 10 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:05 on Fri 9 Nov to 14:27 on Sat 10 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/kartiki-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-11-13", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19057, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-13T05:22:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-13T05:22:37Z", "ms": 122016156800.82979 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-14T02:26:28+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-14T02:26:28Z", "ms": 122091988008.28162 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-13T05:22:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-13T05:22:37Z", "ms": 122016156800.82979 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-14T02:26:28+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-14T02:26:28Z", "ms": 122091988008.28162 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-12T20:04:40+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-12T20:04:40Z", "ms": 121982679950.57089 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-12T20:04:40+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-12T20:04:40Z", "ms": 121982679950.57089 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-13T21:08:51+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-13T21:08:51Z", "ms": 122072930758.3585 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-13T21:08:51+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-13T21:08:51Z", "ms": 122072930758.3585 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 05:23 on Tue 13 Nov to 02:26 on Wed 14 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-13T05:22:37Z → 1973-11-14T02:26:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:05 on the 12th and 21:09 on the 13th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 12th and is on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19057 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 13 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Tuesday 13 November. Caturthī runs from 05:23 on Tue 13 Nov to 02:26 on Wed 14 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-11-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-11-20", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Utpannā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33982, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-19T16:08:28+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-19T16:08:28Z", "ms": 122573308420.57472 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-20T15:58:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-20T15:58:47Z", "ms": 122659127382.572 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-19T16:08:28+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-19T16:08:28Z", "ms": 122573308420.57472 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-20T15:58:47+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-20T15:58:47Z", "ms": 122659127382.572 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-19T06:31:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-19T06:31:58Z", "ms": 122538717766.52684 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-19T06:31:58+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-19T06:31:58Z", "ms": 122538717766.52684 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-11-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-20T06:32:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-20T06:32:25Z", "ms": 122625145242.79062 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-20T06:32:25+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-20T06:32:25Z", "ms": 122625145242.79062 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:08 on Mon 19 Nov to 15:59 on Tue 20 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-19T16:08:28Z → 1973-11-20T15:58:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:32 on the 19th and 06:32 on the 20th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33982 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Utpannā Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Tuesday 20 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Utpannā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Tuesday 20 November. Ekādaśī runs from 16:08 on Mon 19 Nov to 15:59 on Tue 20 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-11-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-11-21", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3604, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-21T16:16:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-21T16:16:52Z", "ms": 122746612293.31874 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-22T17:02:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-22T17:02:34Z", "ms": 122835753754.5749 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-21T16:16:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-21T16:16:52Z", "ms": 122746612293.31874 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-22T17:02:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-22T17:02:34Z", "ms": 122835753754.5749 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-21T18:02:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-21T18:02:35Z", "ms": 122752954831.8265 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-21T19:42:41+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-21T19:42:41Z", "ms": 122758961083.2672 } }, "covered_min": 100, "window_min": 100, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-11-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-22T18:02:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-22T18:02:38Z", "ms": 122839357812.35928 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-22T19:42:48+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-22T19:42:48Z", "ms": 122845367527.11028 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 100, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:17 on Wed 21 Nov to 17:03 on Thu 22 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-21T16:16:52Z → 1973-11-22T17:02:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:03–19:43 on the 21st, 18:03–19:43 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 100 of 100 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 100 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3604 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 21 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Wednesday 21 November. Trayodaśī runs from 16:17 on Wed 21 Nov to 17:03 on Thu 22 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-11-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-11-22", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20337, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-22T17:02:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-22T17:02:34Z", "ms": 122835753754.5749 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-23T18:15:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-23T18:15:34Z", "ms": 122926534092.2739 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-22T17:02:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-22T17:02:34Z", "ms": 122835753754.5749 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-23T18:15:34+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-23T18:15:34Z", "ms": 122926534092.2739 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-22T23:54:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-22T23:54:14Z", "ms": 122860454242.6755 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-23T00:42:14+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-23T00:42:14Z", "ms": 122863334242.6755 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-23T23:54:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-23T23:54:31Z", "ms": 122946871001.81245 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-24T00:42:31+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-24T00:42:31Z", "ms": 122949751001.81245 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 17:03 on Thu 22 Nov to 18:16 on Fri 23 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-22T17:02:34Z → 1973-11-23T18:15:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:54–00:42 on the 22nd, 23:55–00:43 on the 23rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20337 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 22 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Thursday 22 November. Caturdaśī runs from 17:03 on Thu 22 Nov to 18:16 on Fri 23 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-11-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-11-28", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21942, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-28T03:04:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-28T03:04:26Z", "ms": 123303866093.35506 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-29T05:50:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-29T05:50:30Z", "ms": 123400229574.34306 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-28T03:04:26+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-28T03:04:26Z", "ms": 123303866093.35506 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-29T05:50:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-29T05:50:30Z", "ms": 123400229574.34306 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-28T11:55:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-28T11:55:50Z", "ms": 123335750429.9143 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-28T12:43:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-28T12:43:50Z", "ms": 123338630429.9143 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-11-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-29T11:56:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-29T11:56:11Z", "ms": 123422171413.02753 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-29T12:44:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-29T12:44:11Z", "ms": 123425051413.02753 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:04 on Wed 28 Nov to 05:50 on Thu 29 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-28T03:04:26Z → 1973-11-29T05:50:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:56–12:44 on the 28th, 11:56–12:44 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21942 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 28 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Wednesday 28 November. Caturthī runs from 03:04 on Wed 28 Nov to 05:50 on Thu 29 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-11-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "festival": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12313, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-29T05:50:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-29T05:50:30Z", "ms": 123400229574.34306 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-30T08:31:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T08:31:20Z", "ms": 123496279811.73566 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-29T05:50:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-29T05:50:30Z", "ms": 123400229574.34306 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-30T08:31:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T08:31:20Z", "ms": 123496279811.73566 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-29T11:56:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-29T11:56:11Z", "ms": 123422171413.02753 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-29T12:44:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-29T12:44:11Z", "ms": 123425051413.02753 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-30T11:56:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T11:56:33Z", "ms": 123508593066.89795 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-30T12:44:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T12:44:33Z", "ms": 123511473066.89795 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 05:50 on Thu 29 Nov to 08:31 on Fri 30 Nov.", "fact": "1973-11-29T05:50:30Z → 1973-11-30T08:31:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:56–12:44 on the 29th, 11:57–12:45 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12313 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa), Bamako, 1973: Thursday 29 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (2nd) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa) 1973 falls on Thursday 29 November. Pañcamī runs from 05:50 on Thu 29 Nov to 08:31 on Fri 30 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/champa-shashthi", "festival": "champa-shashthi", "name": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3758, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-30T08:31:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T08:31:20Z", "ms": 123496279811.73566 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-01T10:54:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T10:54:18Z", "ms": 123591257815.91216 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-30T08:31:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T08:31:20Z", "ms": 123496279811.73566 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-01T10:54:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T10:54:18Z", "ms": 123591257815.91216 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-30T11:56:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T11:56:33Z", "ms": 123508593066.89795 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-30T12:44:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T12:44:33Z", "ms": 123511473066.89795 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-01T11:56:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T11:56:55Z", "ms": 123595015369.20435 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-01T12:44:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T12:44:55Z", "ms": 123597895369.20435 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:31 on Fri 30 Nov to 10:54 on Sat 1 Dec.", "fact": "1973-11-30T08:31:20Z → 1973-12-01T10:54:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:57–12:45 on the 30th, 11:57–12:45 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3758 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī, Bamako, 1973: Friday 30 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "champa-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Śatabhiṣaj nakṣatra, Vyatīpāta yoga and a Sunday; none is tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Campā Ṣaṣṭhī 1973 falls on Friday 30 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:31 on Fri 30 Nov to 10:54 on Sat 1 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/champa-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/skanda-shashthi", "festival": "skanda-shashthi", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-11-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3758, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1973-11-30T08:31:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T08:31:20Z", "ms": 123496279811.73566 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-01T10:54:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T10:54:18Z", "ms": 123591257815.91216 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-11-30T08:31:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T08:31:20Z", "ms": 123496279811.73566 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-01T10:54:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T10:54:18Z", "ms": 123591257815.91216 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-11-30T11:56:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T11:56:33Z", "ms": 123508593066.89795 }, "end": { "local": "1973-11-30T12:44:33+00:00", "utc": "1973-11-30T12:44:33Z", "ms": 123511473066.89795 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-01T11:56:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T11:56:55Z", "ms": 123595015369.20435 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-01T12:44:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T12:44:55Z", "ms": 123597895369.20435 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:31 on Fri 30 Nov to 10:54 on Sat 1 Dec.", "fact": "1973-11-30T08:31:20Z → 1973-12-01T10:54:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:57–12:45 on the 30th, 11:57–12:45 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3758 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī, Bamako, 1973: Friday 30 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī 1973 falls on Friday 30 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:31 on Fri 30 Nov to 10:54 on Sat 1 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/skanda-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/mitra-saptami", "festival": "mitra-saptami", "name": "Mitra Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-01", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 101, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-01T10:54:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T10:54:18Z", "ms": 123591257815.91216 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-02T12:46:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-02T12:46:59Z", "ms": 123684419166.64668 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-01T10:54:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T10:54:18Z", "ms": 123591257815.91216 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-02T12:46:59+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-02T12:46:59Z", "ms": 123684419166.64668 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-01T11:56:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T11:56:55Z", "ms": 123595015369.20435 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-01T12:44:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-01T12:44:55Z", "ms": 123597895369.20435 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-02T11:57:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-02T11:57:18Z", "ms": 123681438297.21558 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-02T12:45:18+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-02T12:45:18Z", "ms": 123684318297.21558 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 10:54 on Sat 1 Dec to 12:47 on Sun 2 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-01T10:54:18Z → 1973-12-02T12:46:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:57–12:45 on the 1st, 11:57–12:45 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 101 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mitra Saptamī, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 1 December.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mitra-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Mitra saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-01", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Mitra Saptamī 1973 falls on Saturday 1 December. Saptamī runs from 10:54 on Sat 1 Dec to 12:47 on Sun 2 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken. It is 1 min 41 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/mitra-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-12-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21718, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-05T13:57:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-05T13:57:37Z", "ms": 123947856977.83516 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-06T12:42:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-06T12:42:35Z", "ms": 124029755418.05252 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-05T13:57:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-05T13:57:37Z", "ms": 123947856977.83516 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-06T12:42:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-06T12:42:35Z", "ms": 124029755418.05252 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-05T06:40:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-05T06:40:05Z", "ms": 123921605284.12291 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-05T06:40:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-05T06:40:05Z", "ms": 123921605284.12291 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-12-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-06T06:40:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-06T06:40:38Z", "ms": 124008037888.8909 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-06T06:40:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-06T06:40:38Z", "ms": 124008037888.8909 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:58 on Wed 5 Dec to 12:43 on Thu 6 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-05T13:57:37Z → 1973-12-06T12:42:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:40 on the 5th and 06:41 on the 6th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 5th and is on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21718 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 6 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Mokṣadā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Thursday 6 December. Ekādaśī runs from 13:58 on Wed 5 Dec to 12:43 on Thu 6 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-12-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/akhanda-dvadashi", "festival": "akhanda-dvadashi", "name": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-06", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 260, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-06T12:42:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-06T12:42:35Z", "ms": 124029755418.05252 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-07T10:43:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-07T10:43:00Z", "ms": 124108980029.12674 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-06T12:42:35+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-06T12:42:35Z", "ms": 124029755418.05252 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-07T10:43:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-07T10:43:00Z", "ms": 124108980029.12674 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-06T11:58:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-06T11:58:56Z", "ms": 124027135797.92267 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-06T12:46:56+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-06T12:46:56Z", "ms": 124030015797.92267 } }, "covered_min": 4, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-12-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-07T11:59:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-07T11:59:22Z", "ms": 124113561501.11008 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-07T12:47:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-07T12:47:22Z", "ms": 124116441501.11008 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 12:43 on Thu 6 Dec to 10:43 on Fri 7 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-06T12:42:35Z → 1973-12-07T10:43:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:59–12:47 on the 6th, 11:59–12:47 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 4 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 260 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Thursday 6 December.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akhanda-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Matsya dvadasi, Akhanda dvadasi (paraviddha), Vyanjana dvadasi & Dana dvadasi (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-06", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī 1973 falls on Thursday 6 December. Dvādaśī runs from 12:43 on Thu 6 Dec to 10:43 on Fri 7 Dec and covers 4 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It is 4 min 20 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/akhanda-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-12-07", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26552, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-07T10:43:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-07T10:43:00Z", "ms": 124108980029.12674 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-08T08:05:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-08T08:05:54Z", "ms": 124185953521.3204 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-07T10:43:00+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-07T10:43:00Z", "ms": 124108980029.12674 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-08T08:05:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-08T08:05:54Z", "ms": 124185953521.3204 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-07T18:05:32+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-07T18:05:32Z", "ms": 124135532434.67715 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-07T19:46:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-07T19:46:22Z", "ms": 124141581882.17384 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-12-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-08T18:05:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-08T18:05:52Z", "ms": 124221952085.34888 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-08T19:46:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-08T19:46:43Z", "ms": 124228003278.01154 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 10:43 on Fri 7 Dec to 08:06 on Sat 8 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-07T10:43:00Z → 1973-12-08T08:05:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:06–19:46 on the 7th, 18:06–19:47 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 101 of 101 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 101 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26552 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Friday 7 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Friday 7 December. Trayodaśī runs from 10:43 on Fri 7 Dec to 08:06 on Sat 8 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-12-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/dattatreyotpatti", "festival": "dattatreyotpatti", "name": "Dattātreyotpatti", "everyday": "Datta Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20851, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1973-12-09T04:59:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-09T04:59:55Z", "ms": 124261194802.03659 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-10T01:34:36+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-10T01:34:36Z", "ms": 124335276163.9761 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-09T04:59:55+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-09T04:59:55Z", "ms": 124261194802.03659 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-10T01:34:36+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-10T01:34:36Z", "ms": 124335276163.9761 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-08T18:05:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-08T18:05:52Z", "ms": 124221952085.34888 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-08T19:46:43+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-08T19:46:43Z", "ms": 124228003278.01154 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-09T18:06:13+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-09T18:06:13Z", "ms": 124308372640.97803 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-09T19:47:05+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-09T19:47:05Z", "ms": 124314425456.50658 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 05:00 on Sun 9 Dec to 01:35 on Mon 10 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-09T04:59:55Z → 1973-12-10T01:34:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:06–19:47 on the 8th, 18:06–19:47 on the 9th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 101 minutes on the 8th and 101 of 101 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20851 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dattātreyotpatti, Bamako, 1973: Sunday 9 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dattatreyotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Dattatreyotpatti (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Dattātreyotpatti (Datta Jayanti) 1973 falls on Sunday 9 December. Pūrṇimā runs from 05:00 on Sun 9 Dec to 01:35 on Mon 10 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/dattatreyotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-12-12", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21488, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-12T15:01:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-12T15:01:03Z", "ms": 124556463428.16692 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-13T11:55:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-13T11:55:20Z", "ms": 124631719611.51155 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-12T15:01:03+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-12T15:01:03Z", "ms": 124556463428.16692 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-13T11:55:20+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-13T11:55:20Z", "ms": 124631719611.51155 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-12T20:59:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-12T20:59:11Z", "ms": 124577951294.37883 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-12T20:59:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-12T20:59:11Z", "ms": 124577951294.37883 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-12-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-13T21:59:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-13T21:59:50Z", "ms": 124667989784.53217 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-13T21:59:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-13T21:59:50Z", "ms": 124667989784.53217 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:01 on Wed 12 Dec to 11:55 on Thu 13 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-12T15:01:03Z → 1973-12-13T11:55:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:59 on the 12th and 22:00 on the 13th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 12th and is not on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21488 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 12 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1973 falls on Wednesday 12 December. Caturthī runs from 15:01 on Wed 12 Dec to 11:55 on Thu 13 Dec and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1973-12-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-12-19", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1280, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-19T05:19:04+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-19T05:19:04Z", "ms": 125126344236.66234 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-20T06:26:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-20T06:26:49Z", "ms": 125216808746.46802 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-19T05:19:04+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-19T05:19:04Z", "ms": 125126344236.66234 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-20T06:26:49+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-20T06:26:49Z", "ms": 125216808746.46802 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-19T06:47:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-19T06:47:38Z", "ms": 125131657743.57005 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-19T06:47:38+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-19T06:47:38Z", "ms": 125131657743.57005 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-12-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-20T06:48:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-20T06:48:09Z", "ms": 125218088616.80579 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-20T06:48:09+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-20T06:48:09Z", "ms": 125218088616.80579 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:19 on Wed 19 Dec to 06:27 on Thu 20 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-19T05:19:04Z → 1973-12-20T06:26:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:48 on the 19th and 06:48 on the 20th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 19th and is not on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1280 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Bamako, 1973: Wednesday 19 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Saphalā Ekādaśī 1973 falls on Wednesday 19 December. Ekādaśī runs from 05:19 on Wed 19 Dec to 06:27 on Thu 20 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/ekadashi?on=1973-12-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-12-21", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28995, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-21T08:05:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-21T08:05:12Z", "ms": 125309111826.75264 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-22T10:08:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-22T10:08:37Z", "ms": 125402916536.57777 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-21T08:05:12+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-21T08:05:12Z", "ms": 125309111826.75264 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-22T10:08:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-22T10:08:37Z", "ms": 125402916536.57777 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-21T18:11:22+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-21T18:11:22Z", "ms": 125345481881.35982 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-21T19:52:24+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-21T19:52:24Z", "ms": 125351544187.81691 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1973-12-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-22T18:11:52+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-22T18:11:52Z", "ms": 125431911993.90376 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-22T19:52:54+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-22T19:52:54Z", "ms": 125437974233.82666 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:05 on Fri 21 Dec to 10:09 on Sat 22 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-21T08:05:12Z → 1973-12-22T10:08:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:11–19:52 on the 21st, 18:12–19:53 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 101 of 101 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 101 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28995 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Bamako, 1973: Friday 21 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1973 falls on Friday 21 December. Trayodaśī runs from 08:05 on Fri 21 Dec to 10:09 on Sat 22 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/pradosha-vrata?on=1973-12-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-12-22", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33261, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-22T10:08:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-22T10:08:37Z", "ms": 125402916536.57777 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-23T12:31:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-23T12:31:11Z", "ms": 125497871156.53201 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-22T10:08:37+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-22T10:08:37Z", "ms": 125402916536.57777 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-23T12:31:11+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-23T12:31:11Z", "ms": 125497871156.53201 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-22T00:06:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-22T00:06:16Z", "ms": 125366775530.57394 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-22T00:54:16+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-22T00:54:16Z", "ms": 125369655530.57394 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-12-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-23T00:06:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-23T00:06:45Z", "ms": 125453205393.61462 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-23T00:54:45+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-23T00:54:45Z", "ms": 125456085393.61462 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 10:09 on Sat 22 Dec to 12:31 on Sun 23 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-22T10:08:37Z → 1973-12-23T12:31:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:06–00:54 on the 21st, 00:07–00:55 on the 22nd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33261 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Bamako, 1973: Saturday 22 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Śivarātri 1973 falls on Saturday 22 December. Caturdaśī runs from 10:09 on Sat 22 Dec to 12:31 on Sun 23 Dec and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/shivaratri?on=1973-12-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-12-28", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "2460596", "year": 1973, "local_date": "1973-12-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36869, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1973-12-27T23:11:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-27T23:11:30Z", "ms": 125881889864.78174 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-29T01:34:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-29T01:34:50Z", "ms": 125976889769.64272 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1973-12-27T23:11:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-27T23:11:30Z", "ms": 125881889864.78174 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-29T01:34:50+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-29T01:34:50Z", "ms": 125976889769.64272 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1973-12-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-27T12:09:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-27T12:09:01Z", "ms": 125842140639.57686 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-27T12:57:01+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-27T12:57:01Z", "ms": 125845020639.57686 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1973-12-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1973-12-28T12:09:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-28T12:09:30Z", "ms": 125928570303.55338 }, "end": { "local": "1973-12-28T12:57:30+00:00", "utc": "1973-12-28T12:57:30Z", "ms": 125931450303.55338 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 23:11 on Thu 27 Dec to 01:35 on Sat 29 Dec.", "fact": "1973-12-27T23:11:30Z → 1973-12-29T01:34:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:09–12:57 on the 27th, 12:10–12:58 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36869 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Bamako, 1973: Friday 28 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1973-12-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Bamako, Vināyaka Caturthī 1973 falls on Friday 28 December. Caturthī runs from 23:11 on Thu 27 Dec to 01:35 on Sat 29 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/bamako/festivals/1973/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1973-12-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } } ], "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }