{ "id": "/giza/festivals/2040", "place": { "id": "360995", "slug": "giza", "name": "Giza", "region": "Egypt", "country": "EG", "lat": 30.00944, "lon": 31.20861, "elevation_m": 19, "tz": "Africa/Cairo" }, "year": 2040, "tradition": "smarta", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "rulings": [ { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-01-03", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-01-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6753, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-01-02T21:36:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-02T19:36:48Z", "ms": 2209145807813.978 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-03T23:17:49+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-03T21:17:49Z", "ms": 2209238268805.718 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-01-02T21:36:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-02T19:36:48Z", "ms": 2209145807813.978 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-03T23:17:49+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-03T21:17:49Z", "ms": 2209238268805.718 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-01-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-02T19:44:15+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-02T17:44:15Z", "ms": 2209139055256.456 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-02T19:44:15+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-02T17:44:15Z", "ms": 2209139055256.456 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-01-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-03T20:41:03+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-03T18:41:03Z", "ms": 2209228862553.24 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-03T20:41:03+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-03T18:41:03Z", "ms": 2209228862553.24 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:37 on Mon 2 Jan to 23:18 on Tue 3 Jan.", "fact": "2040-01-02T19:36:48Z → 2040-01-03T21:17:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:44 on the 2nd and 20:41 on the 3rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 2nd and is on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6753 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 3 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2040 falls on Tuesday 3 January. Caturthī runs from 21:37 on Mon 2 Jan to 23:18 on Tue 3 Jan and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-01-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-01-10", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-01-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33444, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-01-09T21:35:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-09T19:35:01Z", "ms": 2209750500954.6514 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-10T19:05:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-10T17:05:26Z", "ms": 2209827926224.262 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-01-09T21:35:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-09T19:35:01Z", "ms": 2209750500954.6514 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-10T19:05:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-10T17:05:26Z", "ms": 2209827926224.262 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-01-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-10T06:52:25+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-10T04:52:25Z", "ms": 2209783944729.3105 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-10T06:52:25+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-10T04:52:25Z", "ms": 2209783944729.3105 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-01-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-11T06:52:25+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-11T04:52:25Z", "ms": 2209870344586.368 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-11T06:52:25+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-11T04:52:25Z", "ms": 2209870344586.368 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:35 on Mon 9 Jan to 19:05 on Tue 10 Jan.", "fact": "2040-01-09T19:35:01Z → 2040-01-10T17:05:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:52 on the 10th and 06:52 on the 11th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 10th and is not on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33444 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 10 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saphalā Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Tuesday 10 January. Ekādaśī runs from 21:35 on Mon 9 Jan to 19:05 on Tue 10 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-01-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-01-11", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-01-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4075, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-01-11T16:05:38+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-11T14:05:38Z", "ms": 2209903537667.7593 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-12T12:42:57+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-12T10:42:57Z", "ms": 2209977777111.785 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-01-11T16:05:38+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-11T14:05:38Z", "ms": 2209903537667.7593 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-12T12:42:57+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-12T10:42:57Z", "ms": 2209977777111.785 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-01-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-11T17:13:32+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-11T15:13:32Z", "ms": 2209907612288.965 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-11T19:02:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-11T17:02:43Z", "ms": 2209914163021.7563 } }, "covered_min": 109, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-01-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-12T17:14:22+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-12T15:14:22Z", "ms": 2209994061843.9263 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-12T19:03:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-12T17:03:26Z", "ms": 2210000605507.1704 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:06 on Wed 11 Jan to 12:43 on Thu 12 Jan.", "fact": "2040-01-11T14:05:38Z → 2040-01-12T10:42:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:14–19:03 on the 11th, 17:14–19:03 on the 12th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 109 of 109 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 109 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4075 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 11 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Wednesday 11 January. Trayodaśī runs from 16:06 on Wed 11 Jan to 12:43 on Thu 12 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-01-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-01-12", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-01-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31133, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-01-12T12:42:57+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-12T10:42:57Z", "ms": 2209977777111.785 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-13T09:06:13+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-13T07:06:13Z", "ms": 2210051173257.279 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-01-12T12:42:57+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-12T10:42:57Z", "ms": 2209977777111.785 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-13T09:06:13+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-13T07:06:13Z", "ms": 2210051173257.279 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-01-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-11T23:38:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-11T21:38:58Z", "ms": 2209930737536.9336 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-12T00:26:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-11T22:26:58Z", "ms": 2209933617536.9336 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-01-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-12T23:39:21+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-12T21:39:21Z", "ms": 2210017160581.091 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-13T00:27:21+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-12T22:27:21Z", "ms": 2210020040581.091 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 12:43 on Thu 12 Jan to 09:06 on Fri 13 Jan.", "fact": "2040-01-12T10:42:57Z → 2040-01-13T07:06:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:39–00:27 on the 11th, 23:39–00:27 on the 12th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31133 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2040: Thursday 12 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2040 falls on Thursday 12 January. Caturdaśī runs from 12:43 on Thu 12 Jan to 09:06 on Fri 13 Jan and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-01-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/bhogi", "festival": "bhogi", "name": "Bhogi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30317, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2040-01-15T01:41:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T23:41:19Z", "ms": 2210197279493.8574 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-13T14:41:06+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-13T12:41:06Z", "ms": 2212749666481.556 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2040-01-15T01:41:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T23:41:19Z", "ms": 2210197279493.8574 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-15T01:41:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T23:41:19Z", "ms": 2210197279493.8574 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-13T17:15:12+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-13T15:15:12Z", "ms": 2210080511866.513 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-14T17:16:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T15:16:02Z", "ms": 2210166962307.955 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-14T17:16:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T15:16:02Z", "ms": 2210166962307.955 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-15T17:16:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-15T15:16:53Z", "ms": 2210253413120.2 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "2040-01-15", "days": -1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 01:41 on Sun 15 Jan.", "fact": "2040-01-14T23:41:19Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 17:16, and the day of the 15th ends at 17:17.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 30317 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Bhogi is kept the day before Pongal: Sunday 15 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal − 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhogi, Giza, 2040: Saturday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "bhogi", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": -1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2040-01-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2040-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Giza, Bhogi 2040 falls on Saturday 14 January. It is kept the day before Pongal, which falls on Sunday 15 January. The Sun enters Makara at 01:41 on Sun 15 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 13 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/bhogi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pongal", "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30317, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2040-01-15T01:41:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T23:41:19Z", "ms": 2210197279493.8574 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-13T14:41:06+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-13T12:41:06Z", "ms": 2212749666481.556 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2040-01-15T01:41:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T23:41:19Z", "ms": 2210197279493.8574 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-15T01:41:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T23:41:19Z", "ms": 2210197279493.8574 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-13T17:15:12+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-13T15:15:12Z", "ms": 2210080511866.513 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-14T17:16:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T15:16:02Z", "ms": 2210166962307.955 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-14T17:16:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T15:16:02Z", "ms": 2210166962307.955 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-15T17:16:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-15T15:16:53Z", "ms": 2210253413120.2 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 01:41 on Sun 15 Jan.", "fact": "2040-01-14T23:41:19Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 17:16, and the day of the 15th ends at 17:17.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 30317 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pongal, Giza, 2040: Sunday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "pongal", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The rule that heads the solar festivals, the day \"taken to begin from midnight\" (p. 106), is not applied to Pongal. It is kept on the first day of the month of Makara as the Tamil districts count it, a transit after sunset going to the next day (p. 244); the Rashtriya Panchang prints Pongal so.", "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2040-01-15", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2040-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Giza, Pongal 2040 falls on Sunday 15 January. The Sun enters Makara at 01:41 on Sun 15 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 14 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/makara-sankranti", "festival": "makara-sankranti", "name": "Makara Saṅkrānti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6079, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2040-01-15T01:41:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T23:41:19Z", "ms": 2210197279493.8574 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-13T14:41:06+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-13T12:41:06Z", "ms": 2212749666481.556 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2040-01-15T01:41:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T23:41:19Z", "ms": 2210197279493.8574 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-15T01:41:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T23:41:19Z", "ms": 2210197279493.8574 } }, "kaala": "civil-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-14T00:00:00+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-13T22:00:00Z", "ms": 2210104800000 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-15T00:00:00+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T22:00:00Z", "ms": 2210191200000 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-15T00:00:00+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T22:00:00Z", "ms": 2210191200000 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-16T00:00:00+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-15T22:00:00Z", "ms": 2210277600000 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 01:41 on Sun 15 Jan.", "fact": "2040-01-14T23:41:19Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Giza.", "fact": "civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · Africa/Cairo" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 15th, not the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 6079 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Makara Saṅkrānti, Giza, 2040: Sunday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "makara-sankranti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "midnight" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2040-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "2040-01-15", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Giza, Makara Saṅkrānti 2040 falls on Sunday 15 January. The Sun enters Makara at 01:41 on Sun 15 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 14 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/makara-sankranti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/mattu-pongal", "festival": "mattu-pongal", "name": "Mattu Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-01-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30317, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2040-01-15T01:41:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T23:41:19Z", "ms": 2210197279493.8574 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-13T14:41:06+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-13T12:41:06Z", "ms": 2212749666481.556 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2040-01-15T01:41:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T23:41:19Z", "ms": 2210197279493.8574 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-15T01:41:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T23:41:19Z", "ms": 2210197279493.8574 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-13T17:15:12+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-13T15:15:12Z", "ms": 2210080511866.513 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-14T17:16:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T15:16:02Z", "ms": 2210166962307.955 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-14T17:16:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-14T15:16:02Z", "ms": 2210166962307.955 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-15T17:16:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-15T15:16:53Z", "ms": 2210253413120.2 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "2040-01-15", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 01:41 on Sun 15 Jan.", "fact": "2040-01-14T23:41:19Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 17:16, and the day of the 15th ends at 17:17.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 30317 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Mattu Pongal is kept the day after Pongal: Sunday 15 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mattu Pongal, Giza, 2040: Monday 16 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "mattu-pongal", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2040-01-16", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2040-01-15", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mattu Pongal 2040 falls on Monday 16 January. It is kept the day after Pongal, which falls on Sunday 15 January. The Sun enters Makara at 01:41 on Sun 15 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 15 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/mattu-pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-01-17", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-01-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18220, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-01-16T19:44:20+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-16T17:44:20Z", "ms": 2210348659569.764 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-17T17:32:52+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-17T15:32:52Z", "ms": 2210427172177.012 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-01-16T19:44:20+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-16T17:44:20Z", "ms": 2210348659569.764 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-17T17:32:52+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-17T15:32:52Z", "ms": 2210427172177.012 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-01-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-16T11:40:52+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-16T09:40:52Z", "ms": 2210319651563.395 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-16T12:28:52+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-16T10:28:52Z", "ms": 2210322531563.395 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-01-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-17T11:41:12+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-17T09:41:12Z", "ms": 2210406072182.921 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-17T12:29:12+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-17T10:29:12Z", "ms": 2210408952182.921 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:44 on Mon 16 Jan to 17:33 on Tue 17 Jan.", "fact": "2040-01-16T17:44:20Z → 2040-01-17T15:32:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 16th, 11:41–12:29 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18220 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 17 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2040 falls on Tuesday 17 January. Caturthī runs from 19:44 on Mon 16 Jan to 17:33 on Tue 17 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-01-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-01-24", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-01-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24619, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-01-23T21:17:32+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-23T19:17:32Z", "ms": 2210959051585.99 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-24T23:59:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-24T21:59:08Z", "ms": 2211055148198.7075 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-01-23T21:17:32+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-23T19:17:32Z", "ms": 2210959051585.99 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-24T23:59:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-24T21:59:08Z", "ms": 2211055148198.7075 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-01-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-24T06:49:51+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-24T04:49:51Z", "ms": 2210993390844.195 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-24T06:49:51+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-24T04:49:51Z", "ms": 2210993390844.195 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-25T06:49:27+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-25T04:49:27Z", "ms": 2211079767488.9243 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-25T06:49:27+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-25T04:49:27Z", "ms": 2211079767488.9243 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:18 on Mon 23 Jan to 23:59 on Tue 24 Jan.", "fact": "2040-01-23T19:17:32Z → 2040-01-24T21:59:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:50 on the 24th and 06:49 on the 25th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 24th and is not on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24619 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 24 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Putradā Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Tuesday 24 January. Ekādaśī runs from 21:18 on Mon 23 Jan to 23:59 on Tue 24 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-01-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-01-26", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-01-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27170, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-01-26T02:45:30+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-26T00:45:30Z", "ms": 2211151530069.503 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-27T05:25:16+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-27T03:25:16Z", "ms": 2211247516127.5254 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-01-26T02:45:30+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-26T00:45:30Z", "ms": 2211151530069.503 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-27T05:25:16+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-27T03:25:16Z", "ms": 2211247516127.5254 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-25T17:25:32+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-25T15:25:32Z", "ms": 2211117932390.652 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-25T19:12:40+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-25T17:12:40Z", "ms": 2211124360412.091 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-01-26T17:26:25+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-26T15:26:25Z", "ms": 2211204384642.9756 }, "end": { "local": "2040-01-26T19:13:22+02:00", "utc": "2040-01-26T17:13:22Z", "ms": 2211210802164.047 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 02:46 on Thu 26 Jan to 05:25 on Fri 27 Jan.", "fact": "2040-01-26T00:45:30Z → 2040-01-27T03:25:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:26–19:13 on the 25th, 17:26–19:13 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 107 minutes on the 25th and 107 of 107 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27170 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Thursday 26 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-01-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Thursday 26 January. Trayodaśī runs from 02:46 on Thu 26 Jan to 05:25 on Fri 27 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-01-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-02-01", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-02-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24098, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-02-01T13:48:33+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-01T11:48:33Z", "ms": 2211709712975.7534 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-02T14:18:00+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-02T12:18:00Z", "ms": 2211797880248.195 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-02-01T13:48:33+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-01T11:48:33Z", "ms": 2211709712975.7534 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-02T14:18:00+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-02T12:18:00Z", "ms": 2211797880248.195 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-01T20:30:11+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-01T18:30:11Z", "ms": 2211733810953.469 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-01T20:30:11+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-01T18:30:11Z", "ms": 2211733810953.469 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-02-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-02T21:27:39+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-02T19:27:39Z", "ms": 2211823658743.4937 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-02T21:27:39+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-02T19:27:39Z", "ms": 2211823658743.4937 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:49 on Wed 1 Feb to 14:18 on Thu 2 Feb.", "fact": "2040-02-01T11:48:33Z → 2040-02-02T12:18:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:30 on the 1st and 21:28 on the 2nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 1st and is not on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24098 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 1 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2040 falls on Wednesday 1 February. Caturthī runs from 13:49 on Wed 1 Feb to 14:18 on Thu 2 Feb and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-02-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-02-08", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-02-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3642, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-02-08T07:42:06+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-08T05:42:06Z", "ms": 2212292526061.215 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-09T05:00:30+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-09T03:00:30Z", "ms": 2212369229974.919 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-02-08T07:42:06+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-08T05:42:06Z", "ms": 2212292526061.215 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-09T05:00:30+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-09T03:00:30Z", "ms": 2212369229974.919 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-02-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-08T06:41:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-08T04:41:24Z", "ms": 2212288884275.696 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-08T06:41:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-08T04:41:24Z", "ms": 2212288884275.696 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-02-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-09T06:40:40+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-09T04:40:40Z", "ms": 2212375239545.1787 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-09T06:40:40+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-09T04:40:40Z", "ms": 2212375239545.1787 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 07:42 on Wed 8 Feb to 05:00 on Thu 9 Feb.", "fact": "2040-02-08T05:42:06Z → 2040-02-09T03:00:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:41 on the 8th and 06:41 on the 9th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 8th and is not on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 3642 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 8 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Wednesday 8 February. Ekādaśī runs from 07:42 on Wed 8 Feb to 05:00 on Thu 9 Feb, and is current at sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-02-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-02-10", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-02-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12278, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-02-10T01:59:59+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-09T23:59:59Z", "ms": 2212444798928.422 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-10T22:47:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-10T20:47:48Z", "ms": 2212519667579.88 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-02-10T01:59:59+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-09T23:59:59Z", "ms": 2212444798928.422 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-10T22:47:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-10T20:47:48Z", "ms": 2212519667579.88 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-02-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-09T17:38:20+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-09T15:38:20Z", "ms": 2212414700282.9526 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-09T19:22:33+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-09T17:22:33Z", "ms": 2212420952722.867 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-10T17:39:10+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-10T15:39:10Z", "ms": 2212501149573.3286 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-10T19:23:09+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-10T17:23:09Z", "ms": 2212507389151.5464 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 02:00 on Fri 10 Feb to 22:48 on Fri 10 Feb.", "fact": "2040-02-09T23:59:59Z → 2040-02-10T20:47:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:38–19:23 on the 9th, 17:39–19:23 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 104 minutes on the 9th and 104 of 104 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12278 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Friday 10 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Friday 10 February. Trayodaśī runs from 02:00 on Fri 10 Feb to 22:48 on Fri 10 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-02-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-02-10", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-02-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3440, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-02-10T22:47:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-10T20:47:48Z", "ms": 2212519667579.88 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-11T19:32:41+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-11T17:32:41Z", "ms": 2212594360766.398 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-02-10T22:47:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-10T20:47:48Z", "ms": 2212519667579.88 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-11T19:32:41+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-11T17:32:41Z", "ms": 2212594360766.398 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-10T23:45:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-10T21:45:08Z", "ms": 2212523107991.6455 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-11T00:33:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-10T22:33:08Z", "ms": 2212525987991.6455 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-11T23:45:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-11T21:45:08Z", "ms": 2212609508292.9756 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-12T00:33:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-11T22:33:08Z", "ms": 2212612388292.9756 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:48 on Fri 10 Feb to 19:33 on Sat 11 Feb.", "fact": "2040-02-10T20:47:48Z → 2040-02-11T17:32:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:45–00:33 on the 10th, 23:45–00:33 on the 11th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3440 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2040: Friday 10 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2040 falls on Friday 10 February. Caturdaśī runs from 22:48 on Fri 10 Feb to 19:33 on Sat 11 Feb and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-02-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/yama-tarpana", "festival": "yama-tarpana", "name": "Yama Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-02-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22039, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-02-10T22:47:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-10T20:47:48Z", "ms": 2212519667579.88 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-11T19:32:41+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-11T17:32:41Z", "ms": 2212594360766.398 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-02-10T22:47:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-10T20:47:48Z", "ms": 2212519667579.88 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-11T19:32:41+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-11T17:32:41Z", "ms": 2212594360766.398 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-11T04:55:07+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-11T02:55:07Z", "ms": 2212541706831.7446 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-11T06:39:06+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-11T04:39:06Z", "ms": 2212547946409.9624 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-02-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-12T04:54:31+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-12T02:54:31Z", "ms": 2212628071448.492 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-12T06:38:18+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-12T04:38:18Z", "ms": 2212634298050.498 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:48 on Fri 10 Feb to 19:33 on Sat 11 Feb.", "fact": "2040-02-10T20:47:48Z → 2040-02-11T17:32:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 04:55–06:39 on the 11th, 04:55–06:38 on the 12th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 104 of 104 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 104 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22039 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Tarpaṇa, Giza, 2040: Saturday 11 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Yama tarpana (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Yama Tarpaṇa 2040 falls on Saturday 11 February. Caturdaśī runs from 22:48 on Fri 10 Feb to 19:33 on Sat 11 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/yama-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ganesha-jayanti", "festival": "ganesha-jayanti", "name": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī", "everyday": "Maghi Ganesh Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-02-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8384, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-02-15T09:25:44+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-15T07:25:44Z", "ms": 2212903543947.404 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-16T08:26:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-16T06:26:24Z", "ms": 2212986383796.006 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-02-15T09:25:44+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-15T07:25:44Z", "ms": 2212903543947.404 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-16T08:26:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-16T06:26:24Z", "ms": 2212986383796.006 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-02-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-15T11:45:28+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-15T09:45:28Z", "ms": 2212911928443.258 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-15T12:33:28+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-15T10:33:28Z", "ms": 2212914808443.258 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-02-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-16T11:45:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-16T09:45:26Z", "ms": 2212998325563.255 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-16T12:33:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-16T10:33:26Z", "ms": 2213001205563.255 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:26 on Wed 15 Feb to 08:26 on Thu 16 Feb.", "fact": "2040-02-15T07:25:44Z → 2040-02-16T06:26:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 15th, 11:45–12:33 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 8384 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 15 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Gaṇeśa Jayantī (Maghi Ganesh Jayanti) 2040 falls on Wednesday 15 February. Caturthī runs from 09:26 on Wed 15 Feb to 08:26 on Thu 16 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ganesha-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/tila-chaturthi", "festival": "tila-chaturthi", "name": "Tila Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-02-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29847, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-02-15T09:25:44+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-15T07:25:44Z", "ms": 2212903543947.404 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-16T08:26:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-16T06:26:24Z", "ms": 2212986383796.006 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-02-15T09:25:44+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-15T07:25:44Z", "ms": 2212903543947.404 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-16T08:26:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-16T06:26:24Z", "ms": 2212986383796.006 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-02-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-15T17:43:11+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-15T15:43:11Z", "ms": 2212933390811.534 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-15T19:26:04+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-15T17:26:04Z", "ms": 2212939564462.8965 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-02-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-16T17:43:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-16T15:43:58Z", "ms": 2213019837929.76 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-16T19:26:38+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-16T17:26:38Z", "ms": 2213025998105.977 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:26 on Wed 15 Feb to 08:26 on Thu 16 Feb.", "fact": "2040-02-15T07:25:44Z → 2040-02-16T06:26:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:43–19:26 on the 15th, 17:44–19:27 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 103 of 103 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 103 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29847 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Tila Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 15 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "tila-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Tila Caturthī 2040 falls on Wednesday 15 February. Caturthī runs from 09:26 on Wed 15 Feb to 08:26 on Thu 16 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/tila-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/shri-panchami", "festival": "shri-panchami", "name": "Śrī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-02-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11942, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2040-02-16T08:26:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-16T06:26:24Z", "ms": 2212986383796.006 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-17T08:18:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-17T06:18:01Z", "ms": 2213072280901.302 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-02-16T08:26:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-16T06:26:24Z", "ms": 2212986383796.006 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-17T08:18:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-17T06:18:01Z", "ms": 2213072280901.302 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-02-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-16T11:45:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-16T09:45:26Z", "ms": 2212998325563.255 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-16T12:33:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-16T10:33:26Z", "ms": 2213001205563.255 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-02-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-17T11:45:22+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-17T09:45:22Z", "ms": 2213084721951.498 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-17T12:33:22+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-17T10:33:22Z", "ms": 2213087601951.498 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 08:26 on Thu 16 Feb to 08:18 on Fri 17 Feb.", "fact": "2040-02-16T06:26:24Z → 2040-02-17T06:18:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 16th, 11:45–12:33 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 11942 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Pañcamī, Giza, 2040: Thursday 16 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śrī Pañcamī 2040 falls on Thursday 16 February. Pañcamī runs from 08:26 on Thu 16 Feb to 08:18 on Fri 17 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/shri-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vasanta-panchami", "festival": "vasanta-panchami", "name": "Vasanta Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-02-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11942, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2040-02-16T08:26:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-16T06:26:24Z", "ms": 2212986383796.006 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-17T08:18:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-17T06:18:01Z", "ms": 2213072280901.302 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-02-16T08:26:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-16T06:26:24Z", "ms": 2212986383796.006 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-17T08:18:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-17T06:18:01Z", "ms": 2213072280901.302 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-02-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-16T11:45:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-16T09:45:26Z", "ms": 2212998325563.255 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-16T12:33:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-16T10:33:26Z", "ms": 2213001205563.255 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-02-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-17T11:45:22+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-17T09:45:22Z", "ms": 2213084721951.498 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-17T12:33:22+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-17T10:33:22Z", "ms": 2213087601951.498 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 08:26 on Thu 16 Feb to 08:18 on Fri 17 Feb.", "fact": "2040-02-16T06:26:24Z → 2040-02-17T06:18:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 16th, 11:45–12:33 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11942 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasanta Pañcamī, Giza, 2040: Thursday 16 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasanta-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vasanta Pañcamī 2040 falls on Thursday 16 February. Pañcamī runs from 08:26 on Thu 16 Feb to 08:18 on Fri 17 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vasanta-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ratha-saptami", "festival": "ratha-saptami", "name": "Ratha Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-02-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8910, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2040-02-18T09:01:34+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-18T07:01:34Z", "ms": 2213161293964.037 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-19T10:32:54+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-19T08:32:54Z", "ms": 2213253173644.6943 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-02-18T09:01:34+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-18T07:01:34Z", "ms": 2213161293964.037 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-19T10:32:54+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-19T08:32:54Z", "ms": 2213253173644.6943 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-02-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-18T04:50:38+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-18T02:50:38Z", "ms": 2213146237651.0786 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-18T06:33:04+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-18T04:33:04Z", "ms": 2213152384266.3823 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-02-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-19T04:49:55+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-19T02:49:55Z", "ms": 2213232595297.1445 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-19T06:32:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-19T04:32:08Z", "ms": 2213238728270.167 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 09:02 on Sat 18 Feb to 10:33 on Sun 19 Feb.", "fact": "2040-02-18T07:01:34Z → 2040-02-19T08:32:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 04:51–06:33 on the 18th, 04:50–06:32 on the 19th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 102 minutes on the 18th and 102 of 102 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8910 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ratha Saptamī, Giza, 2040: Sunday 19 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ratha-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Ratha saptami (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise), Acala saptami, Vidhana saptami, Arogya saptami [purvaviddha]." } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Ratha Saptamī 2040 falls on Sunday 19 February. Saptamī runs from 09:02 on Sat 18 Feb to 10:33 on Sun 19 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ratha-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-02-23", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Jayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-02-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35417, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-02-22T18:00:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-22T16:00:02Z", "ms": 2213539202422.604 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-23T20:36:57+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-23T18:36:57Z", "ms": 2213635016690.8457 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-02-22T18:00:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-22T16:00:02Z", "ms": 2213539202422.604 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-23T20:36:57+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-23T18:36:57Z", "ms": 2213635016690.8457 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-02-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-23T06:28:15+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-23T04:28:15Z", "ms": 2213584094764.698 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-23T06:28:15+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-23T04:28:15Z", "ms": 2213584094764.698 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-02-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-24T06:27:14+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-24T04:27:14Z", "ms": 2213670434159.911 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-24T06:27:14+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-24T04:27:14Z", "ms": 2213670434159.911 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:00 on Wed 22 Feb to 20:37 on Thu 23 Feb.", "fact": "2040-02-22T16:00:02Z → 2040-02-23T18:36:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:28 on the 23rd and 06:27 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 23rd and is not on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35417 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jayā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Thursday 23 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Jayā Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Thursday 23 February. Ekādaśī runs from 18:00 on Wed 22 Feb to 20:37 on Thu 23 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-02-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/bhishma-dvadashi", "festival": "bhishma-dvadashi", "name": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-02-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29051, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-02-23T20:36:57+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-23T18:36:57Z", "ms": 2213635016690.8457 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-24T22:55:21+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-24T20:55:21Z", "ms": 2213729720657.799 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-02-23T20:36:57+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-23T18:36:57Z", "ms": 2213635016690.8457 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-24T22:55:21+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-24T20:55:21Z", "ms": 2213729720657.799 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-02-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-23T11:44:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-23T09:44:46Z", "ms": 2213603085642.7314 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-23T12:32:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-23T10:32:46Z", "ms": 2213605965642.7314 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-02-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-24T11:44:37+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-24T09:44:37Z", "ms": 2213689477295.8013 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-24T12:32:37+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-24T10:32:37Z", "ms": 2213692357295.8013 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 20:37 on Thu 23 Feb to 22:55 on Fri 24 Feb.", "fact": "2040-02-23T18:36:57Z → 2040-02-24T20:55:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 23rd, 11:45–12:33 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 29051 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī, Giza, 2040: Friday 24 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhishma-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Bhisma dvadasi (purvaviddha), Amalaki dvadasi, Santana dvadasi, Varaha dvadasi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Bhīṣma Dvādaśī 2040 falls on Friday 24 February. Dvādaśī runs from 20:37 on Thu 23 Feb to 22:55 on Fri 24 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/bhishma-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-02-25", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-02-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12271, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-02-24T22:55:21+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-24T20:55:21Z", "ms": 2213729720657.799 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-26T00:47:11+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-25T22:47:11Z", "ms": 2213822831362.859 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-02-24T22:55:21+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-24T20:55:21Z", "ms": 2213729720657.799 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-26T00:47:11+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-25T22:47:11Z", "ms": 2213822831362.859 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-02-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-24T17:50:00+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-24T15:50:00Z", "ms": 2213711400431.6914 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-24T19:30:50+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-24T17:30:50Z", "ms": 2213717450070.876 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-02-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-25T17:50:44+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-25T15:50:44Z", "ms": 2213797843953.6694 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-25T19:31:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-25T17:31:19Z", "ms": 2213803879492.2505 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:55 on Fri 24 Feb to 00:47 on Sun 26 Feb.", "fact": "2040-02-24T20:55:21Z → 2040-02-25T22:47:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:50–19:31 on the 24th, 17:51–19:31 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 101 minutes on the 24th and 101 of 101 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12271 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Saturday 25 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Saturday 25 February. Trayodaśī runs from 22:55 on Fri 24 Feb to 00:47 on Sun 26 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-02-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/maghi-purnima", "festival": "maghi-purnima", "name": "Māghī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-02-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31462, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2040-02-27T02:08:42+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-27T00:08:42Z", "ms": 2213914122033.033 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-28T02:59:36+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-28T00:59:36Z", "ms": 2214003576010.4653 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-02-27T02:08:42+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-27T00:08:42Z", "ms": 2213914122033.033 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-28T02:59:36+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-28T00:59:36Z", "ms": 2214003576010.4653 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-02-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-27T11:44:09+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-27T09:44:09Z", "ms": 2213948648677.4136 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-27T12:32:09+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-27T10:32:09Z", "ms": 2213951528677.4136 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-02-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-02-28T11:43:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-28T09:43:58Z", "ms": 2214035038012.112 }, "end": { "local": "2040-02-28T12:31:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-02-28T10:31:58Z", "ms": 2214037918012.112 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 02:09 on Mon 27 Feb to 03:00 on Tue 28 Feb.", "fact": "2040-02-27T00:08:42Z → 2040-02-28T00:59:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:44–12:32 on the 27th, 11:44–12:32 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31462 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Māghī Pūrṇimā, Giza, 2040: Monday 27 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maghi-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Maghi purnima (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-02-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Māghī Pūrṇimā 2040 falls on Monday 27 February. Pūrṇimā runs from 02:09 on Mon 27 Feb to 03:00 on Tue 28 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/maghi-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-03-02", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-03-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17311, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-03-02T02:53:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-02T00:53:46Z", "ms": 2214262426378.515 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-03T02:09:16+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-03T00:09:16Z", "ms": 2214346155582.0586 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-03-02T02:53:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-02T00:53:46Z", "ms": 2214262426378.515 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-03T02:09:16+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-03T00:09:16Z", "ms": 2214346155582.0586 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-03-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-01T20:20:27+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-01T18:20:27Z", "ms": 2214238826920.868 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-01T20:20:27+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-01T18:20:27Z", "ms": 2214238826920.868 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-03-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-02T21:20:45+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-02T19:20:45Z", "ms": 2214328844622.2617 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-02T21:20:45+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-02T19:20:45Z", "ms": 2214328844622.2617 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 02:54 on Fri 2 Mar to 02:09 on Sat 3 Mar.", "fact": "2040-03-02T00:53:46Z → 2040-03-03T00:09:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:20 on the 1st and 21:21 on the 2nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 1st and is on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17311 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Friday 2 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2040 falls on Friday 2 March. Caturthī runs from 02:54 on Fri 2 Mar to 02:09 on Sat 3 Mar and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-03-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-03-09", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Vijayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-03-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25825, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-03-08T15:52:56+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-08T13:52:56Z", "ms": 2214827575927.805 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-09T13:22:18+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-09T11:22:18Z", "ms": 2214904937984.971 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-03-08T15:52:56+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-08T13:52:56Z", "ms": 2214827575927.805 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-09T13:22:18+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-09T11:22:18Z", "ms": 2214904937984.971 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-03-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-08T06:13:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-08T04:13:02Z", "ms": 2214792782243.1597 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-08T06:13:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-08T04:13:02Z", "ms": 2214792782243.1597 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-03-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-09T06:11:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-09T04:11:53Z", "ms": 2214879112863.1772 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-09T06:11:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-09T04:11:53Z", "ms": 2214879112863.1772 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:53 on Thu 8 Mar to 13:22 on Fri 9 Mar.", "fact": "2040-03-08T13:52:56Z → 2040-03-09T11:22:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:13 on the 8th and 06:12 on the 9th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 8th and is on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25825 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Friday 9 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vijayā Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Friday 9 March. Ekādaśī runs from 15:53 on Thu 8 Mar to 13:22 on Fri 9 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-03-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-03-10", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-03-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25999, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-03-10T10:46:59+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-10T08:46:59Z", "ms": 2214982019045.887 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-11T08:13:44+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-11T06:13:44Z", "ms": 2215059224469.632 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-03-10T10:46:59+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-10T08:46:59Z", "ms": 2214982019045.887 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-11T08:13:44+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-11T06:13:44Z", "ms": 2215059224469.632 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-03-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-10T18:00:18+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-10T16:00:18Z", "ms": 2215008018022.4644 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-10T19:37:32+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-10T17:37:32Z", "ms": 2215013852008.309 } }, "covered_min": 97, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-03-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-11T18:00:57+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-11T16:00:57Z", "ms": 2215094456935.2734 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-11T19:37:56+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-11T17:37:56Z", "ms": 2215100276330.7026 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 10:47 on Sat 10 Mar to 08:14 on Sun 11 Mar.", "fact": "2040-03-10T08:46:59Z → 2040-03-11T06:13:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:00–19:38 on the 10th, 18:01–19:38 on the 11th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 97 of 97 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 97 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25999 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Saturday 10 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Saturday 10 March. Trayodaśī runs from 10:47 on Sat 10 Mar to 08:14 on Sun 11 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-03-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/maha-shivaratri", "festival": "maha-shivaratri", "name": "Mahāśivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-03-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19314, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-03-11T08:13:44+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-11T06:13:44Z", "ms": 2215059224469.632 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-12T05:50:33+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-12T03:50:33Z", "ms": 2215137033306.8667 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-03-11T08:13:44+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-11T06:13:44Z", "ms": 2215059224469.632 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-12T05:50:33+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-12T03:50:33Z", "ms": 2215137033306.8667 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-03-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-10T23:40:55+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-10T21:40:55Z", "ms": 2215028455469.383 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-11T00:28:55+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-10T22:28:55Z", "ms": 2215031335469.383 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-03-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-11T23:40:40+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-11T21:40:40Z", "ms": 2215114839668.134 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-12T00:28:40+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-11T22:28:40Z", "ms": 2215117719668.134 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 08:14 on Sun 11 Mar to 05:51 on Mon 12 Mar.", "fact": "2040-03-11T06:13:44Z → 2040-03-12T03:50:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:41–00:29 on the 10th, 23:41–00:29 on the 11th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 19314 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāśivarātri, Giza, 2040: Sunday 11 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maha-shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day" } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mahāśivarātri 2040 falls on Sunday 11 March. Caturdaśī runs from 08:14 on Sun 11 Mar to 05:51 on Mon 12 Mar and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/maha-shivaratri", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-03-16", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-03-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37351, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-03-16T00:49:55+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-15T22:49:55Z", "ms": 2215464594882.1177 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-17T01:17:05+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-16T23:17:05Z", "ms": 2215552624617.7896 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-03-16T00:49:55+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-15T22:49:55Z", "ms": 2215464594882.1177 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-17T01:17:05+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-16T23:17:05Z", "ms": 2215552624617.7896 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-03-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-16T11:39:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-16T09:39:53Z", "ms": 2215503592716.0703 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-16T12:27:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-16T10:27:53Z", "ms": 2215506472716.0703 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-03-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-17T11:39:36+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-17T09:39:36Z", "ms": 2215589975573.582 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-17T12:27:36+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-17T10:27:36Z", "ms": 2215592855573.582 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:50 on Fri 16 Mar to 01:17 on Sat 17 Mar.", "fact": "2040-03-15T22:49:55Z → 2040-03-16T23:17:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 16th, 11:40–12:28 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37351 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Friday 16 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2040 falls on Friday 16 March. Caturthī runs from 00:50 on Fri 16 Mar to 01:17 on Sat 17 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-03-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-03-24", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-03-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29614, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-03-23T14:08:45+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-23T12:08:45Z", "ms": 2216117324742.7026 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-24T15:57:41+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-24T13:57:41Z", "ms": 2216210260849.1387 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-03-23T14:08:45+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-23T12:08:45Z", "ms": 2216117324742.7026 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-24T15:57:41+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-24T13:57:41Z", "ms": 2216210260849.1387 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-23T05:55:11+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-23T03:55:11Z", "ms": 2216087710873.694 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-23T05:55:11+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-23T03:55:11Z", "ms": 2216087710873.694 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-24T05:53:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-24T03:53:58Z", "ms": 2216174038189.997 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-24T05:53:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-24T03:53:58Z", "ms": 2216174038189.997 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:09 on Fri 23 Mar to 15:58 on Sat 24 Mar.", "fact": "2040-03-23T12:08:45Z → 2040-03-24T13:57:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:55 on the 23rd and 05:54 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 23rd and is on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29614 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Saturday 24 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Āmalakī Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Saturday 24 March. Ekādaśī runs from 14:09 on Fri 23 Mar to 15:58 on Sat 24 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-03-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-03-25", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-03-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1412, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-03-25T17:11:12+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-25T15:11:12Z", "ms": 2216301071665.7944 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-26T17:46:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-26T15:46:46Z", "ms": 2216389605581.4097 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-03-25T17:11:12+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-25T15:11:12Z", "ms": 2216301071665.7944 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-26T17:46:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-26T15:46:46Z", "ms": 2216389605581.4097 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-25T18:09:41+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-25T16:09:41Z", "ms": 2216304580910.6733 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-25T19:43:16+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-25T17:43:16Z", "ms": 2216310195837.6245 } }, "covered_min": 94, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-03-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-26T18:10:17+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-26T16:10:17Z", "ms": 2216391017286.1265 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-26T19:43:38+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-26T17:43:38Z", "ms": 2216396617685.1504 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:11 on Sun 25 Mar to 17:47 on Mon 26 Mar.", "fact": "2040-03-25T15:11:12Z → 2040-03-26T15:46:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:10–19:43 on the 25th, 18:10–19:44 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 94 of 94 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 93 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1412 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Sunday 25 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Sunday 25 March. Trayodaśī runs from 17:11 on Sun 25 Mar to 17:47 on Mon 26 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-03-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/holika-dahana", "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-03-28", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1515, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2040-03-27T17:45:39+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-27T15:45:39Z", "ms": 2216475938945.9746 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-28T17:11:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-28T15:11:46Z", "ms": 2216560305577.1953 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-03-27T17:45:39+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-27T15:45:39Z", "ms": 2216475938945.9746 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-28T17:11:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-28T15:11:46Z", "ms": 2216560305577.1953 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-03-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-27T15:42:47+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-27T13:42:47Z", "ms": 2216468566930.8457 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-27T18:10:54+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-27T16:10:54Z", "ms": 2216477453593.855 } }, "covered_min": 25, "window_min": 148, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-03-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-28T15:43:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-28T13:43:01Z", "ms": 2216554981437.6445 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-28T18:11:30+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-28T16:11:30Z", "ms": 2216563889850.094 } }, "covered_min": 89, "window_min": 148, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:46 on Tue 27 Mar to 17:12 on Wed 28 Mar.", "fact": "2040-03-27T15:45:39Z → 2040-03-28T15:11:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 15:43–18:11 on the 27th, 15:43–18:11 on the 28th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 25 of 148 minutes on the 27th and 89 of 148 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both late afternoons qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1515 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holikā Dahana, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 28 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holika-dahana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "not_evaluated": "The hour the row gives for the rite (\"it should be observed on second half of purnima at night\") is not tested: sāyāhna alone settles the day.", "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-28", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-28", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Holikā Dahana 2040 falls on Wednesday 28 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:46 on Tue 27 Mar to 17:12 on Wed 28 Mar and covers 89 of 148 minutes of sāyāhna that late afternoon. It also reaches the previous late afternoon for 25 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/holika-dahana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/holi", "festival": "holi", "name": "Holī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-03-29", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1515, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2040-03-27T17:45:39+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-27T15:45:39Z", "ms": 2216475938945.9746 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-28T17:11:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-28T15:11:46Z", "ms": 2216560305577.1953 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-03-27T17:45:39+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-27T15:45:39Z", "ms": 2216475938945.9746 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-28T17:11:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-28T15:11:46Z", "ms": 2216560305577.1953 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-03-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-27T15:42:47+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-27T13:42:47Z", "ms": 2216468566930.8457 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-27T18:10:54+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-27T16:10:54Z", "ms": 2216477453593.855 } }, "covered_min": 25, "window_min": 148, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-03-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-28T15:43:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-28T13:43:01Z", "ms": 2216554981437.6445 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-28T18:11:30+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-28T16:11:30Z", "ms": 2216563889850.094 } }, "covered_min": 89, "window_min": 148, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "local_date": "2040-03-28", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:46 on Tue 27 Mar to 17:12 on Wed 28 Mar.", "fact": "2040-03-27T15:45:39Z → 2040-03-28T15:11:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 15:43–18:11 on the 27th, 15:43–18:11 on the 28th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 25 of 148 minutes on the 27th and 89 of 148 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both late afternoons qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1515 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Holī is kept the day after Holikā Dahana: Wednesday 28 March is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: holika-dahana + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holī, Giza, 2040: Thursday 29 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holi", "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-29", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-29", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Holī 2040 falls on Thursday 29 March. It is kept the day after Holikā Dahana, which falls on Wednesday 28 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:46 on Tue 27 Mar to 17:12 on Wed 28 Mar and covers 89 of 148 minutes of sāyāhna on the 28th. It also reaches the previous late afternoon for 25 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/holi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vasantotsava", "festival": "vasantotsava", "name": "Vasantotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-03-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37350, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 15, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2040-03-28T17:11:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-28T15:11:46Z", "ms": 2216560305577.1953 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-29T16:10:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-29T14:10:26Z", "ms": 2216643025599.4526 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-03-28T17:11:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-28T15:11:46Z", "ms": 2216560305577.1953 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-29T16:10:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-29T14:10:26Z", "ms": 2216643025599.4526 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-03-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-28T05:49:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-28T03:49:08Z", "ms": 2216519347787.8457 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-28T05:49:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-28T03:49:08Z", "ms": 2216519347787.8457 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-03-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-29T05:47:55+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-29T03:47:55Z", "ms": 2216605675420.0557 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-29T05:47:55+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-29T03:47:55Z", "ms": 2216605675420.0557 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 17:12 on Wed 28 Mar to 16:10 on Thu 29 Mar.", "fact": "2040-03-28T15:11:46Z → 2040-03-29T14:10:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:49 on the 28th and 05:48 on the 29th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 28th and is on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 37350 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasantotsava, Giza, 2040: Thursday 29 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasantotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 1 Vasantotsava (current at sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vasantotsava 2040 falls on Thursday 29 March. Pratipadā runs from 17:12 on Wed 28 Mar to 16:10 on Thu 29 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vasantotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-03-31", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-03-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29479, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-03-31T13:08:14+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-31T11:08:14Z", "ms": 2216804894201.0728 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-01T11:17:35+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-01T09:17:35Z", "ms": 2216884654516.6807 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-03-31T13:08:14+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-31T11:08:14Z", "ms": 2216804894201.0728 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-01T11:17:35+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-01T09:17:35Z", "ms": 2216884654516.6807 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-03-31T21:19:33+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-31T19:19:33Z", "ms": 2216834372889.127 }, "end": { "local": "2040-03-31T21:19:33+02:00", "utc": "2040-03-31T19:19:33Z", "ms": 2216834372889.127 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-01T22:26:54+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-01T20:26:54Z", "ms": 2216924814096.6396 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-01T22:26:54+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-01T20:26:54Z", "ms": 2216924814096.6396 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:08 on Sat 31 Mar to 11:18 on Sun 1 Apr.", "fact": "2040-03-31T11:08:14Z → 2040-04-01T09:17:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:20 on the 31st and 22:27 on the 1st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 31st and is not on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29479 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Saturday 31 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-03-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2040 falls on Saturday 31 March. Caturthī runs from 13:08 on Sat 31 Mar to 11:18 on Sun 1 Apr and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-03-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/shitalashtami", "festival": "shitalashtami", "name": "Śītalāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23066, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2040-04-04T05:09:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-04T03:09:48Z", "ms": 2217121788452.093 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-05T03:02:45+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-05T01:02:45Z", "ms": 2217200564760.0195 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-04-04T05:09:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-04T03:09:48Z", "ms": 2217121788452.093 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-05T03:02:45+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-05T01:02:45Z", "ms": 2217200564760.0195 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-04T11:34:15+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-04T09:34:15Z", "ms": 2217144854522.077 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-04T12:22:15+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-04T10:22:15Z", "ms": 2217147734522.077 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-05T11:33:57+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-05T09:33:57Z", "ms": 2217231237387.393 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-05T12:21:57+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-05T10:21:57Z", "ms": 2217234117387.393 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 05:10 on Wed 4 Apr to 03:03 on Thu 5 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-04T03:09:48Z → 2040-04-05T01:02:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:34–12:22 on the 4th, 11:34–12:22 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 23066 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalāṣṭamī, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 4 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitalashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Sitalastami, (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śītalāṣṭamī 2040 falls on Wednesday 4 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 05:10 on Wed 4 Apr to 03:03 on Thu 5 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/shitalashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-04-07", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24190, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-04-06T22:54:04+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-06T20:54:04Z", "ms": 2217358444275.84 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-07T20:58:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-07T18:58:19Z", "ms": 2217437898729.353 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-04-06T22:54:04+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-06T20:54:04Z", "ms": 2217358444275.84 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-07T20:58:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-07T18:58:19Z", "ms": 2217437898729.353 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-07T05:37:15+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-07T03:37:15Z", "ms": 2217382634559.763 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-07T05:37:15+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-07T03:37:15Z", "ms": 2217382634559.763 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-08T05:36:05+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-08T03:36:05Z", "ms": 2217468965036.8677 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-08T05:36:05+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-08T03:36:05Z", "ms": 2217468965036.8677 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 22:54 on Fri 6 Apr to 20:58 on Sat 7 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-06T20:54:04Z → 2040-04-07T18:58:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:37 on the 7th and 05:36 on the 8th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 7th and is not on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24190 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Saturday 7 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Saturday 7 April. Ekādaśī runs from 22:54 on Fri 6 Apr to 20:58 on Sat 7 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-04-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-04-08", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2007, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-04-08T19:13:41+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-08T17:13:41Z", "ms": 2217518020879.657 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-09T17:45:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-09T15:45:19Z", "ms": 2217599119488.8306 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-04-08T19:13:41+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-08T17:13:41Z", "ms": 2217518020879.657 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-09T17:45:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-09T15:45:19Z", "ms": 2217599119488.8306 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-08T18:18:10+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-08T16:18:10Z", "ms": 2217514689621.206 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-08T19:48:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-08T17:48:24Z", "ms": 2217520103798.1245 } }, "covered_min": 35, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-09T18:18:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-09T16:18:46Z", "ms": 2217601126337.343 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-09T19:48:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-09T17:48:46Z", "ms": 2217606526468.0835 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 19:14 on Sun 8 Apr to 17:45 on Mon 9 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-08T17:13:41Z → 2040-04-09T15:45:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:18–19:48 on the 8th, 18:19–19:49 on the 9th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 35 of 90 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 90 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2007 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Sunday 8 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Sunday 8 April. Trayodaśī runs from 19:14 on Sun 8 Apr to 17:45 on Mon 9 Apr and covers 35 of 90 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-04-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-04-09", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20817, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-04-09T17:45:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-09T15:45:19Z", "ms": 2217599119488.8306 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-10T16:38:56+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-10T14:38:56Z", "ms": 2217681536316.092 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-04-09T17:45:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-09T15:45:19Z", "ms": 2217599119488.8306 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-10T16:38:56+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-10T14:38:56Z", "ms": 2217681536316.092 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-09T23:32:17+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-09T21:32:17Z", "ms": 2217619936827.62 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-10T00:20:17+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-09T22:20:17Z", "ms": 2217622816827.62 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-10T23:32:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-10T21:32:01Z", "ms": 2217706321155.833 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-11T00:20:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-10T22:20:01Z", "ms": 2217709201155.833 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 17:45 on Mon 9 Apr to 16:39 on Tue 10 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-09T15:45:19Z → 2040-04-10T14:38:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:32–00:20 on the 9th, 23:32–00:20 on the 10th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20817 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2040: Monday 9 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2040 falls on Monday 9 April. Caturdaśī runs from 17:45 on Mon 9 Apr to 16:39 on Tue 10 Apr and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-04-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "festival": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "name": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra)", "everyday": "Chaitra Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12858, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2040-04-11T16:00:16+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-11T14:00:16Z", "ms": 2217765615723.5386 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-12T15:54:22+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-12T13:54:22Z", "ms": 2217851662241.71 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-04-11T16:00:16+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-11T14:00:16Z", "ms": 2217765615723.5386 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-12T15:54:22+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-12T13:54:22Z", "ms": 2217851662241.71 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-11T11:32:20+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-11T09:32:20Z", "ms": 2217749539602.7246 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-11T12:20:20+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-11T10:20:20Z", "ms": 2217752419602.7246 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-12T11:32:04+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-12T09:32:04Z", "ms": 2217835924274.656 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-12T12:20:04+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-12T10:20:04Z", "ms": 2217838804274.656 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 16:00 on Wed 11 Apr to 15:54 on Thu 12 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-11T14:00:16Z → 2040-04-12T13:54:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:32–12:20 on the 11th, 11:32–12:20 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12858 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra), Giza, 2040: Thursday 12 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Navarātrārambha (Caitra) (Chaitra Navratri) 2040 falls on Thursday 12 April. Pratipadā runs from 16:00 on Wed 11 Apr to 15:54 on Thu 12 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vaishakhi", "festival": "vaishakhi", "name": "Vaiśākhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34103, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 0, "key": "mesha", "name": "Meṣa", "start": { "local": "2040-04-13T20:00:55+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-13T18:00:55Z", "ms": 2217952854903.1626 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-14T17:51:28+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-14T14:51:28Z", "ms": 2220619887669.3613 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2040-04-13T20:00:55+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-13T18:00:55Z", "ms": 2217952854903.1626 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-13T20:00:55+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-13T18:00:55Z", "ms": 2217952854903.1626 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-13T05:30:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-13T03:30:24Z", "ms": 2217900624418.712 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-14T05:29:18+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-14T03:29:18Z", "ms": 2217986957862.827 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-14T05:29:18+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-14T03:29:18Z", "ms": 2217986957862.827 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-15T05:28:12+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-15T03:28:12Z", "ms": 2218073291886.1514 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Meṣa at 20:01 on Fri 13 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-13T18:00:55Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 05:30 on the 13th, and from 05:29 on the 14th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from sunrise. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunrise → only-day · margin 34103 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaiśākhī, Giza, 2040: Friday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "vaishakhi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Mesadi — Cadaka puja (Bengal), Bahag Bihu (Assam), Cheiraoba (Manipur), Visu (T. C. State), Vaisakhi (on the samkramana day commencing from sunrise)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The other names in the row (Cadaka puja, Bahag Bihu, Cheiraoba, Visu) are regional observances and wait with the regional rows.", "rashi": "Meṣa", "day_from": "sunrise" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2040-04-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "2040-04-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vaiśākhī 2040 falls on Friday 13 April. The Sun enters Meṣa at 20:01 on Fri 13 Apr, and the rule counts the day from sunrise. By the Tamil rule for the first day of a solar month, which gives a transit after sunset to the next day, it is 14 April.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vaishakhi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/gauri-tritiya", "festival": "gauri-tritiya", "name": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Gangaur", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14698, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2040-04-13T16:24:47+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-13T14:24:47Z", "ms": 2217939887216.7295 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-14T17:32:29+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-14T15:32:29Z", "ms": 2218030348675.6865 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-04-13T16:24:47+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-13T14:24:47Z", "ms": 2217939887216.7295 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-14T17:32:29+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-14T15:32:29Z", "ms": 2218030348675.6865 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-13T11:31:49+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-13T09:31:49Z", "ms": 2217922309257.862 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-13T12:19:49+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-13T10:19:49Z", "ms": 2217925189257.862 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-14T11:31:35+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-14T09:31:35Z", "ms": 2218008694564.7764 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-14T12:19:35+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-14T10:19:35Z", "ms": 2218011574564.7764 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 16:25 on Fri 13 Apr to 17:32 on Sat 14 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-13T14:24:47Z → 2040-04-14T15:32:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:32–12:20 on the 13th, 11:32–12:20 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14698 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā, Giza, 2040: Saturday 14 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gauri-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Gaurī Tṛtīyā (Gangaur) 2040 falls on Saturday 14 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 16:25 on Fri 13 Apr to 17:32 on Sat 14 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/gauri-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14698, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2040-04-13T16:24:47+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-13T14:24:47Z", "ms": 2217939887216.7295 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-14T17:32:29+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-14T15:32:29Z", "ms": 2218030348675.6865 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-04-13T16:24:47+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-13T14:24:47Z", "ms": 2217939887216.7295 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-14T17:32:29+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-14T15:32:29Z", "ms": 2218030348675.6865 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-13T11:31:49+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-13T09:31:49Z", "ms": 2217922309257.862 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-13T12:19:49+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-13T10:19:49Z", "ms": 2217925189257.862 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-14T11:31:35+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-14T09:31:35Z", "ms": 2218008694564.7764 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-14T12:19:35+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-14T10:19:35Z", "ms": 2218011574564.7764 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 16:25 on Fri 13 Apr to 17:32 on Sat 14 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-13T14:24:47Z → 2040-04-14T15:32:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:32–12:20 on the 13th, 11:32–12:20 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14698 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata, Giza, 2040: Saturday 14 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata 2040 falls on Saturday 14 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 16:25 on Fri 13 Apr to 17:32 on Sat 14 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-04-15", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18774, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-04-14T17:32:29+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-14T15:32:29Z", "ms": 2218030348675.6865 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-15T19:14:54+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-15T17:14:54Z", "ms": 2218122894355.8384 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-04-14T17:32:29+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-14T15:32:29Z", "ms": 2218030348675.6865 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-15T19:14:54+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-15T17:14:54Z", "ms": 2218122894355.8384 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-14T11:31:35+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-14T09:31:35Z", "ms": 2218008694564.7764 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-14T12:19:35+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-14T10:19:35Z", "ms": 2218011574564.7764 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-15T11:31:20+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-15T09:31:20Z", "ms": 2218095080207.92 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-15T12:19:20+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-15T10:19:20Z", "ms": 2218097960207.92 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 17:32 on Sat 14 Apr to 19:15 on Sun 15 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-14T15:32:29Z → 2040-04-15T17:14:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:32–12:20 on the 14th, 11:31–12:19 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18774 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Sunday 15 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2040 falls on Sunday 15 April. Caturthī runs from 17:32 on Sat 14 Apr to 19:15 on Sun 15 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-04-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/lakshmi-panchami", "festival": "lakshmi-panchami", "name": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24934, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2040-04-15T19:14:54+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-15T17:14:54Z", "ms": 2218122894355.8384 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-16T21:25:25+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-16T19:25:25Z", "ms": 2218217125116.793 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-04-15T19:14:54+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-15T17:14:54Z", "ms": 2218122894355.8384 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-16T21:25:25+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-16T19:25:25Z", "ms": 2218217125116.793 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-15T11:31:20+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-15T09:31:20Z", "ms": 2218095080207.92 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-15T12:19:20+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-15T10:19:20Z", "ms": 2218097960207.92 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-16T11:31:06+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-16T09:31:06Z", "ms": 2218181466199.9316 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-16T12:19:06+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-16T10:19:06Z", "ms": 2218184346199.9316 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 19:15 on Sun 15 Apr to 21:25 on Mon 16 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-15T17:14:54Z → 2040-04-16T19:25:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:31–12:19 on the 15th, 11:31–12:19 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 24934 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī, Giza, 2040: Monday 16 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "lakshmi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri pancami or Laksmi pancami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Lakṣmī Pañcamī 2040 falls on Monday 16 April. Pañcamī runs from 19:15 on Sun 15 Apr to 21:25 on Mon 16 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/lakshmi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/bhavani-utpatti", "festival": "bhavani-utpatti", "name": "Bhavānī Utpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24282, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2040-04-19T02:24:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-19T00:24:58Z", "ms": 2218407897851.8716 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-20T04:45:31+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-20T02:45:31Z", "ms": 2218502731444.895 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-04-19T02:24:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-19T00:24:58Z", "ms": 2218407897851.8716 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-20T04:45:31+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-20T02:45:31Z", "ms": 2218502731444.895 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-19T11:30:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-19T09:30:26Z", "ms": 2218440626396.9937 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-19T12:18:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-19T10:18:26Z", "ms": 2218443506396.9937 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-20T11:30:14+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-20T09:30:14Z", "ms": 2218527013912.547 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-20T12:18:14+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-20T10:18:14Z", "ms": 2218529893912.547 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 02:25 on Thu 19 Apr to 04:46 on Fri 20 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-19T00:24:58Z → 2040-04-20T02:45:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:30–12:18 on the 19th, 11:30–12:18 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24282 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhavānī Utpatti, Giza, 2040: Thursday 19 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhavani-utpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Annapurna puja (Beng.) (paraviddha), Bhavani-utpatti (paraviddha), Asokastami (Special when combined with naks. Punarvasu and Wednesday, after mid-day)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Bhavānī Utpatti 2040 falls on Thursday 19 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 02:25 on Thu 19 Apr to 04:46 on Fri 20 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/bhavani-utpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/rama-navami", "festival": "rama-navami", "name": "Rāma Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17318, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2040-04-20T04:45:31+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-20T02:45:31Z", "ms": 2218502731444.895 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-21T06:41:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-21T04:41:24Z", "ms": 2218596084178.6934 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-04-20T04:45:31+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-20T02:45:31Z", "ms": 2218502731444.895 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-21T06:41:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-21T04:41:24Z", "ms": 2218596084178.6934 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-20T11:30:14+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-20T09:30:14Z", "ms": 2218527013912.547 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-20T12:18:14+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-20T10:18:14Z", "ms": 2218529893912.547 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-21T11:30:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-21T09:30:02Z", "ms": 2218613401841.1973 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-21T12:18:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-21T10:18:02Z", "ms": 2218616281841.1973 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 04:46 on Fri 20 Apr to 06:41 on Sat 21 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-20T02:45:31Z → 2040-04-21T04:41:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:30–12:18 on the 20th, 11:30–12:18 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17318 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāma Navamī, Giza, 2040: Friday 20 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rama-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Ramanavami (madhyahnavyapini, special with Punarvasu naks.), Rama jayanti." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special when it falls with Punarvasu nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Rāma Navamī 2040 falls on Friday 20 April. Navamī runs from 04:46 on Fri 20 Apr to 06:41 on Sat 21 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/rama-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-04-23", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9680, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-04-22T08:02:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-22T06:02:08Z", "ms": 2218687327929.9956 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-23T08:41:29+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-23T06:41:29Z", "ms": 2218776089203.391 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-04-22T08:02:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-22T06:02:08Z", "ms": 2218687327929.9956 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-23T08:41:29+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-23T06:41:29Z", "ms": 2218776089203.391 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-22T05:20:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-22T03:20:48Z", "ms": 2218677648391.6035 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-22T05:20:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-22T03:20:48Z", "ms": 2218677648391.6035 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-04-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-23T05:19:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-23T03:19:48Z", "ms": 2218763987965.86 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-23T05:19:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-23T03:19:48Z", "ms": 2218763987965.86 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:02 on Sun 22 Apr to 08:41 on Mon 23 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-22T06:02:08Z → 2040-04-23T06:41:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:21 on the 22nd and 05:20 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 22nd and is on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9680 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Monday 23 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kāmadā Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Monday 23 April. Ekādaśī runs from 08:02 on Sun 22 Apr to 08:41 on Mon 23 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-04-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ananga-trayodashi", "festival": "ananga-trayodashi", "name": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10312, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-04-24T08:37:36+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-24T06:37:36Z", "ms": 2218862256115.147 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-25T07:52:21+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-25T05:52:21Z", "ms": 2218945940800.846 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-04-24T08:37:36+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-24T06:37:36Z", "ms": 2218862256115.147 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-25T07:52:21+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-25T05:52:21Z", "ms": 2218945940800.846 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-24T11:29:28+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-24T09:29:28Z", "ms": 2218872568236.283 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-24T12:17:28+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-24T10:17:28Z", "ms": 2218875448236.283 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-04-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-25T11:29:18+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-25T09:29:18Z", "ms": 2218958957948.785 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-25T12:17:18+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-25T10:17:18Z", "ms": 2218961837948.785 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:38 on Tue 24 Apr to 07:52 on Wed 25 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-24T06:37:36Z → 2040-04-25T05:52:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:29–12:17 on the 24th, 11:29–12:17 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 10312 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 24 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananga-trayodashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 13 Ananga trayodasi (purvaviddha), Mahavira jayanti (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Anaṅga Trayodaśī 2040 falls on Tuesday 24 April. Trayodaśī runs from 08:38 on Tue 24 Apr to 07:52 on Wed 25 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ananga-trayodashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-04-24", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35432, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-04-24T08:37:36+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-24T06:37:36Z", "ms": 2218862256115.147 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-25T07:52:21+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-25T05:52:21Z", "ms": 2218945940800.846 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-04-24T08:37:36+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-24T06:37:36Z", "ms": 2218862256115.147 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-25T07:52:21+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-25T05:52:21Z", "ms": 2218945940800.846 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-24T18:28:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-24T16:28:08Z", "ms": 2218897688120.7715 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-24T19:54:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-24T17:54:46Z", "ms": 2218902885648.1675 } }, "covered_min": 87, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-04-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-25T18:28:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-25T16:28:46Z", "ms": 2218984126321.33 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-25T19:55:11+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-25T17:55:11Z", "ms": 2218989311033.9775 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:38 on Tue 24 Apr to 07:52 on Wed 25 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-24T06:37:36Z → 2040-04-25T05:52:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:28–19:55 on the 24th, 18:29–19:55 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 87 of 87 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 86 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35432 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 24 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Tuesday 24 April. Trayodaśī runs from 08:38 on Tue 24 Apr to 07:52 on Wed 25 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-04-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "festival": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "name": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13017, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-04-25T07:52:21+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-25T05:52:21Z", "ms": 2218945940800.846 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-26T06:30:20+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-26T04:30:20Z", "ms": 2219027420347.539 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-04-25T07:52:21+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-25T05:52:21Z", "ms": 2218945940800.846 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-26T06:30:20+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-26T04:30:20Z", "ms": 2219027420347.539 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-25T11:29:18+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-25T09:29:18Z", "ms": 2218958957948.785 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-25T12:17:18+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-25T10:17:18Z", "ms": 2218961837948.785 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-04-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-26T11:29:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-26T09:29:08Z", "ms": 2219045348141.1216 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-26T12:17:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-26T10:17:08Z", "ms": 2219048228141.1216 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 07:52 on Wed 25 Apr to 06:30 on Thu 26 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-25T05:52:21Z → 2040-04-26T04:30:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:29–12:17 on the 25th, 11:29–12:17 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13017 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 25 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Madanabhanji, (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Sivadamanaka caturdasi, Visnudamanaka caturdasi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī 2040 falls on Wednesday 25 April. Caturdaśī runs from 07:52 on Wed 25 Apr to 06:30 on Thu 26 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/chaitri-purnima", "festival": "chaitri-purnima", "name": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17928, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2040-04-26T06:30:20+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-26T04:30:20Z", "ms": 2219027420347.539 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-27T05:37:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-04-27T02:37:56Z", "ms": 2219107075635.1987 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-04-26T06:30:20+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-26T04:30:20Z", "ms": 2219027420347.539 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-27T05:37:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-04-27T02:37:56Z", "ms": 2219107075635.1987 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-26T11:29:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-26T09:29:08Z", "ms": 2219045348141.1216 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-26T12:17:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-04-26T10:17:08Z", "ms": 2219048228141.1216 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-04-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-27T12:28:59+03:00", "utc": "2040-04-27T09:28:59Z", "ms": 2219131738827.1074 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-27T13:16:59+03:00", "utc": "2040-04-27T10:16:59Z", "ms": 2219134618827.1074 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 06:30 on Thu 26 Apr to 05:38 on Fri 27 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-26T04:30:20Z → 2040-04-27T02:37:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:29–12:17 on the 26th, 12:29–13:17 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17928 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā, Giza, 2040: Thursday 26 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chaitri-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Caitri purnima (paraviddha), Hanumat jayanti, Oli ending (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Caitrī Pūrṇimā 2040 falls on Thursday 26 April. Pūrṇimā runs from 06:30 on Thu 26 Apr to 05:38 on Fri 27 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/chaitri-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-04-29", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-04-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 726, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-04-29T22:10:49+03:00", "utc": "2040-04-29T19:10:49Z", "ms": 2219339449426.562 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-30T19:28:36+03:00", "utc": "2040-04-30T16:28:36Z", "ms": 2219416116378.162 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-04-29T22:10:49+03:00", "utc": "2040-04-29T19:10:49Z", "ms": 2219339449426.562 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-30T19:28:36+03:00", "utc": "2040-04-30T16:28:36Z", "ms": 2219416116378.162 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-04-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-29T22:22:55+03:00", "utc": "2040-04-29T19:22:55Z", "ms": 2219340175162.718 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-29T22:22:55+03:00", "utc": "2040-04-29T19:22:55Z", "ms": 2219340175162.718 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-04-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-04-30T23:31:19+03:00", "utc": "2040-04-30T20:31:19Z", "ms": 2219430678914.3696 }, "end": { "local": "2040-04-30T23:31:19+03:00", "utc": "2040-04-30T20:31:19Z", "ms": 2219430678914.3696 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:11 on Sun 29 Apr to 19:29 on Mon 30 Apr.", "fact": "2040-04-29T19:10:49Z → 2040-04-30T16:28:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:23 on the 29th and 23:31 on the 30th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 29th and is not on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 726 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Sunday 29 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2040 falls on Sunday 29 April. Caturthī runs from 22:11 on Sun 29 Apr to 19:29 on Mon 30 Apr and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-04-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-05-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-05-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 552, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-05-06T06:56:52+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-06T03:56:52Z", "ms": 2219889411667.328 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-07T05:58:07+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-07T02:58:07Z", "ms": 2219972287138.213 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-05-06T06:56:52+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-06T03:56:52Z", "ms": 2219889411667.328 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-07T05:58:07+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-07T02:58:07Z", "ms": 2219972287138.213 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-06T06:08:06+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-06T03:08:06Z", "ms": 2219886486012.2188 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-06T06:08:06+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-06T03:08:06Z", "ms": 2219886486012.2188 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-07T06:07:19+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-07T03:07:19Z", "ms": 2219972839336.1387 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-07T06:07:19+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-07T03:07:19Z", "ms": 2219972839336.1387 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:57 on Sun 6 May to 05:58 on Mon 7 May.", "fact": "2040-05-06T03:56:52Z → 2040-05-07T02:58:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:08 on the 6th and 06:07 on the 7th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 6th and is not on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 552 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Sunday 6 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Varūthinī Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Sunday 6 May. Ekādaśī runs from 06:57 on Sun 6 May to 05:58 on Mon 7 May, and is current at sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-05-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-05-08", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-05-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29763, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-05-08T05:24:15+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-08T02:24:15Z", "ms": 2220056655448.3516 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-09T05:17:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-09T02:17:03Z", "ms": 2220142622562.921 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-05-08T05:24:15+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-08T02:24:15Z", "ms": 2220056655448.3516 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-09T05:17:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-09T02:17:03Z", "ms": 2220142622562.921 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-07T19:36:31+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-07T16:36:31Z", "ms": 2220021391331.9326 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-07T21:00:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-07T18:00:32Z", "ms": 2220026431663.2617 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-08T19:37:10+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-08T16:37:10Z", "ms": 2220107830387.4595 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-08T21:01:00+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-08T18:01:00Z", "ms": 2220112859598.7607 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:24 on Tue 8 May to 05:17 on Wed 9 May.", "fact": "2040-05-08T02:24:15Z → 2040-05-09T02:17:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:37–21:01 on the 7th, 19:37–21:01 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 84 minutes on the 7th and 84 of 84 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29763 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 8 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Tuesday 8 May. Trayodaśī runs from 05:24 on Tue 8 May to 05:17 on Wed 9 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-05-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-05-09", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-05-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14493, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-05-09T05:17:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-09T02:17:03Z", "ms": 2220142622562.921 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-10T05:37:58+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-10T02:37:58Z", "ms": 2220230278146.539 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-05-09T05:17:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-09T02:17:03Z", "ms": 2220142622562.921 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-10T05:37:58+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-10T02:37:58Z", "ms": 2220230278146.539 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-09T00:27:30+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-08T21:27:30Z", "ms": 2220125249929.84 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-09T01:15:30+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-08T22:15:30Z", "ms": 2220128129929.84 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-10T00:27:28+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-09T21:27:28Z", "ms": 2220211647868.4287 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-10T01:15:28+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-09T22:15:28Z", "ms": 2220214527868.4287 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:17 on Wed 9 May to 05:38 on Thu 10 May.", "fact": "2040-05-09T02:17:03Z → 2040-05-10T02:37:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:27–01:15 on the 8th, 00:27–01:15 on the 9th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14493 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 9 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2040 falls on Wednesday 9 May. Caturdaśī runs from 05:17 on Wed 9 May to 05:38 on Thu 10 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-05-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/parashurama-jayanti", "festival": "parashurama-jayanti", "name": "Paraśurāma Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-05-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28805, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2040-05-13T09:32:30+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-13T06:32:30Z", "ms": 2220503549690.044 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-14T11:40:59+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-14T08:40:59Z", "ms": 2220597658506.1377 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-05-13T09:32:30+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-13T06:32:30Z", "ms": 2220503549690.044 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-14T11:40:59+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-14T08:40:59Z", "ms": 2220597658506.1377 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-05-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-13T19:40:25+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-13T16:40:25Z", "ms": 2220540024843.8657 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-13T21:03:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-13T18:03:21Z", "ms": 2220545000988.799 } }, "covered_min": 83, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-14T19:41:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-14T16:41:03Z", "ms": 2220626463406.908 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-14T21:03:49+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-14T18:03:49Z", "ms": 2220631429481.1875 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 09:32 on Sun 13 May to 11:41 on Mon 14 May.", "fact": "2040-05-13T06:32:30Z → 2040-05-14T08:40:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:40–21:03 on the 13th, 19:41–21:04 on the 14th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 83 of 83 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 83 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28805 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Jayantī, Giza, 2040: Sunday 13 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Paraśurāma Jayantī 2040 falls on Sunday 13 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 09:32 on Sun 13 May to 11:41 on Mon 14 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/parashurama-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/akshaya-tritiya", "festival": "akshaya-tritiya", "name": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-05-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3781, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2040-05-13T09:32:30+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-13T06:32:30Z", "ms": 2220503549690.044 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-14T11:40:59+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-14T08:40:59Z", "ms": 2220597658506.1377 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-05-13T09:32:30+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-13T06:32:30Z", "ms": 2220503549690.044 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-14T11:40:59+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-14T08:40:59Z", "ms": 2220597658506.1377 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-05-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-13T06:03:04+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-13T03:03:04Z", "ms": 2220490984164.143 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-13T10:35:31+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-13T07:35:31Z", "ms": 2220507331057.384 } }, "covered_min": 63, "window_min": 272, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-14T06:02:26+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-14T03:02:26Z", "ms": 2220577345930.8647 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-14T10:35:18+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-14T07:35:18Z", "ms": 2220593718422.8794 } }, "covered_min": 273, "window_min": 273, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 09:32 on Sun 13 May to 11:41 on Mon 14 May.", "fact": "2040-05-13T06:32:30Z → 2040-05-14T08:40:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:03–10:36 on the 13th, 06:02–10:35 on the 14th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 63 of 272 minutes on the 13th and 273 of 273 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both forenoons qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 3781 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā, Giza, 2040: Monday 14 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Rohiṇī nakṣatra and a Wednesday; neither is tested.", "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Akṣaya Tṛtīyā 2040 falls on Monday 14 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 09:32 on Sun 13 May to 11:41 on Mon 14 May and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon. It also reaches the previous forenoon for 63 minutes; by the rule the second forenoon is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/akshaya-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-05-14", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-05-14", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2806, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-05-14T11:40:59+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-14T08:40:59Z", "ms": 2220597658506.1377 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-15T14:05:15+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-15T11:05:15Z", "ms": 2220692714851.068 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-05-14T11:40:59+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-14T08:40:59Z", "ms": 2220597658506.1377 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-15T14:05:15+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-15T11:05:15Z", "ms": 2220692714851.068 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-14T12:27:45+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-14T09:27:45Z", "ms": 2220600464668.8867 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-14T13:15:45+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-14T10:15:45Z", "ms": 2220603344668.8867 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-15T12:27:45+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-15T09:27:45Z", "ms": 2220686865383.288 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-15T13:15:45+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-15T10:15:45Z", "ms": 2220689745383.288 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:41 on Mon 14 May to 14:05 on Tue 15 May.", "fact": "2040-05-14T08:40:59Z → 2040-05-15T11:05:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 14th, 12:28–13:16 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 2806 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Monday 14 May.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-14", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-15", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2040 falls on Monday 14 May. Caturthī runs from 11:41 on Mon 14 May to 14:05 on Tue 15 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-05-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/shankara-jayanti", "festival": "shankara-jayanti", "name": "Śaṅkara Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-05-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2969, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2040-05-15T14:05:15+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-15T11:05:15Z", "ms": 2220692714851.068 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-16T16:35:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-16T13:35:41Z", "ms": 2220788140863.3296 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-05-15T14:05:15+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-15T11:05:15Z", "ms": 2220692714851.068 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-16T16:35:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-16T13:35:41Z", "ms": 2220788140863.3296 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-15T12:27:45+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-15T09:27:45Z", "ms": 2220686865383.288 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-15T13:15:45+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-15T10:15:45Z", "ms": 2220689745383.288 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-16T12:27:47+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-16T09:27:47Z", "ms": 2220773266641.208 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-16T13:15:47+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-16T10:15:47Z", "ms": 2220776146641.208 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 14:05 on Tue 15 May to 16:36 on Wed 16 May.", "fact": "2040-05-15T11:05:15Z → 2040-05-16T13:35:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 15th, 12:28–13:16 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2969 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śaṅkara Jayantī, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 16 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shankara-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sankara jayanti." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-16", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śaṅkara Jayantī 2040 falls on Wednesday 16 May. Pañcamī runs from 14:05 on Tue 15 May to 16:36 on Wed 16 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/shankara-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/gangotpatti", "festival": "gangotpatti", "name": "Gaṅgotpatti", "everyday": "Ganga Saptami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-05-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20688, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2040-05-17T19:00:36+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-17T16:00:36Z", "ms": 2220883236024.877 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-18T21:07:34+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-18T18:07:34Z", "ms": 2220977253697.8755 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-05-17T19:00:36+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-17T16:00:36Z", "ms": 2220883236024.877 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-18T21:07:34+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-18T18:07:34Z", "ms": 2220977253697.8755 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-17T12:27:48+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-17T09:27:48Z", "ms": 2220859668436.2754 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-17T13:15:48+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-17T10:15:48Z", "ms": 2220862548436.2754 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-05-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-18T12:27:51+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-18T09:27:51Z", "ms": 2220946070761.7754 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-18T13:15:51+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-18T10:15:51Z", "ms": 2220948950761.7754 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 19:01 on Thu 17 May to 21:08 on Fri 18 May.", "fact": "2040-05-17T16:00:36Z → 2040-05-18T18:07:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 17th, 12:28–13:16 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 48 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 20688 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṅgotpatti, Giza, 2040: Friday 18 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gangotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 2040 falls on Friday 18 May. Saptamī runs from 19:01 on Thu 17 May to 21:08 on Fri 18 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/gangotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-05-22", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mohinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-05-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21598, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-05-21T23:58:08+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-21T20:58:08Z", "ms": 2221246688345.4463 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-22T23:26:18+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-22T20:26:18Z", "ms": 2221331177802.442 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-05-21T23:58:08+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-21T20:58:08Z", "ms": 2221246688345.4463 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-22T23:26:18+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-22T20:26:18Z", "ms": 2221331177802.442 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-05-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-22T05:58:07+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-22T02:58:07Z", "ms": 2221268286760.6675 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-22T05:58:07+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-22T02:58:07Z", "ms": 2221268286760.6675 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-23T05:57:40+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-23T02:57:40Z", "ms": 2221354660385.375 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-23T05:57:40+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-23T02:57:40Z", "ms": 2221354660385.375 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 23:58 on Mon 21 May to 23:26 on Tue 22 May.", "fact": "2040-05-21T20:58:08Z → 2040-05-22T20:26:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:58 on the 22nd and 05:58 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 22nd and is not on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21598 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mohinī Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 22 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mohinī Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Tuesday 22 May. Ekādaśī runs from 23:58 on Mon 21 May to 23:26 on Tue 22 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-05-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/parashurama-dvadashi", "festival": "parashurama-dvadashi", "name": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-05-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32021, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-05-22T23:26:18+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-22T20:26:18Z", "ms": 2221331177802.442 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-23T22:09:51+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-23T19:09:51Z", "ms": 2221412990981.8823 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-05-22T23:26:18+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-22T20:26:18Z", "ms": 2221331177802.442 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-23T22:09:51+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-23T19:09:51Z", "ms": 2221412990981.8823 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-05-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-22T12:28:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-22T09:28:05Z", "ms": 2221291685224.181 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-22T13:16:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-22T10:16:05Z", "ms": 2221294565224.181 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-23T12:28:10+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-23T09:28:10Z", "ms": 2221378090092.7827 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-23T13:16:10+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-23T10:16:10Z", "ms": 2221380970092.7827 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 23:26 on Tue 22 May to 22:10 on Wed 23 May.", "fact": "2040-05-22T20:26:18Z → 2040-05-23T19:09:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 22nd, 12:28–13:16 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 32021 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 23 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Paraśurāma Dvādaśī 2040 falls on Wednesday 23 May. Dvādaśī runs from 23:26 on Tue 22 May to 22:10 on Wed 23 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/parashurama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/rukmini-dvadashi", "festival": "rukmini-dvadashi", "name": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-05-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32021, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-05-22T23:26:18+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-22T20:26:18Z", "ms": 2221331177802.442 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-23T22:09:51+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-23T19:09:51Z", "ms": 2221412990981.8823 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-05-22T23:26:18+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-22T20:26:18Z", "ms": 2221331177802.442 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-23T22:09:51+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-23T19:09:51Z", "ms": 2221412990981.8823 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-05-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-22T12:28:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-22T09:28:05Z", "ms": 2221291685224.181 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-22T13:16:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-22T10:16:05Z", "ms": 2221294565224.181 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-23T12:28:10+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-23T09:28:10Z", "ms": 2221378090092.7827 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-23T13:16:10+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-23T10:16:10Z", "ms": 2221380970092.7827 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 23:26 on Tue 22 May to 22:10 on Wed 23 May.", "fact": "2040-05-22T20:26:18Z → 2040-05-23T19:09:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 22nd, 12:28–13:16 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 32021 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 23 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rukmini-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī 2040 falls on Wednesday 23 May. Dvādaśī runs from 23:26 on Tue 22 May to 22:10 on Wed 23 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/rukmini-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "festival": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "name": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Narasimha Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-05-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1561, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-05-24T20:13:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-24T17:13:16Z", "ms": 2221492396270.817 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-25T17:43:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-25T14:43:05Z", "ms": 2221569785211.1504 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-05-24T20:13:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-24T17:13:16Z", "ms": 2221492396270.817 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-25T17:43:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-25T14:43:05Z", "ms": 2221569785211.1504 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-05-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-24T19:47:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-24T16:47:16Z", "ms": 2221490835510.94 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-24T21:08:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-24T18:08:32Z", "ms": 2221495712345.4175 } }, "covered_min": 55, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-25T19:47:51+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-25T16:47:51Z", "ms": 2221577270795.968 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-25T21:09:00+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-25T18:09:00Z", "ms": 2221582139962.967 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 20:13 on Thu 24 May to 17:43 on Fri 25 May.", "fact": "2040-05-24T17:13:16Z → 2040-05-25T14:43:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:47–21:09 on the 24th, 19:48–21:09 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 55 of 81 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 81 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1561 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī, Giza, 2040: Thursday 24 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Nrsimha caturdasi (pradosa vyapini — if it occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed, special when combined with naksatra 'Svati', yoga 'Siddhi' and 'Saturday')." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Svātī nakṣatra, Siddhi yoga and a Saturday; none is tested.", "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī (Narasimha Jayanti) 2040 falls on Thursday 24 May. Caturdaśī runs from 20:13 on Thu 24 May to 17:43 on Fri 25 May and covers 55 of 81 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-05-24", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-05-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1561, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-05-23T22:09:51+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-23T19:09:51Z", "ms": 2221412990981.8823 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-24T20:13:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-24T17:13:16Z", "ms": 2221492396270.817 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-05-23T22:09:51+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-23T19:09:51Z", "ms": 2221412990981.8823 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-24T20:13:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-24T17:13:16Z", "ms": 2221492396270.817 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-23T19:46:40+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-23T16:46:40Z", "ms": 2221404399800.1904 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-23T21:08:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-23T18:08:05Z", "ms": 2221409284544.832 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-05-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-24T19:47:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-24T16:47:16Z", "ms": 2221490835510.94 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-24T21:08:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-24T18:08:32Z", "ms": 2221495712345.4175 } }, "covered_min": 26, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:10 on Wed 23 May to 20:13 on Thu 24 May.", "fact": "2040-05-23T19:09:51Z → 2040-05-24T17:13:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:47–21:08 on the 23rd, 19:47–21:09 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 81 minutes on the 23rd and 26 of 81 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1561 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Thursday 24 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Thursday 24 May. Trayodaśī runs from 22:10 on Wed 23 May to 20:13 on Thu 24 May and covers 26 of 81 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-05-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/buddha-purnima", "festival": "buddha-purnima", "name": "Buddha Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-05-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5441, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2040-05-25T17:43:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-25T14:43:05Z", "ms": 2221569785211.1504 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-26T14:47:09+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-26T11:47:09Z", "ms": 2221645628714.064 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-05-25T17:43:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-25T14:43:05Z", "ms": 2221569785211.1504 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-26T14:47:09+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-26T11:47:09Z", "ms": 2221645628714.064 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-25T12:28:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-25T09:28:21Z", "ms": 2221550901282.744 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-25T13:16:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-25T10:16:21Z", "ms": 2221553781282.744 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-05-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-26T12:28:28+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-26T09:28:28Z", "ms": 2221637307590.122 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-26T13:16:28+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-26T10:16:28Z", "ms": 2221640187590.122 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:43 on Fri 25 May to 14:47 on Sat 26 May.", "fact": "2040-05-25T14:43:05Z → 2040-05-26T11:47:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 25th, 12:28–13:16 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5441 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Buddha Pūrṇimā, Giza, 2040: Saturday 26 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "buddha-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Buddha Pūrṇimā 2040 falls on Saturday 26 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:43 on Fri 25 May to 14:47 on Sat 26 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/buddha-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/sampat-gauri-vrata", "festival": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "name": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-05-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5441, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2040-05-25T17:43:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-25T14:43:05Z", "ms": 2221569785211.1504 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-26T14:47:09+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-26T11:47:09Z", "ms": 2221645628714.064 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-05-25T17:43:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-25T14:43:05Z", "ms": 2221569785211.1504 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-26T14:47:09+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-26T11:47:09Z", "ms": 2221645628714.064 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-25T12:28:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-25T09:28:21Z", "ms": 2221550901282.744 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-25T13:16:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-25T10:16:21Z", "ms": 2221553781282.744 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-05-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-26T12:28:28+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-26T09:28:28Z", "ms": 2221637307590.122 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-26T13:16:28+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-26T10:16:28Z", "ms": 2221640187590.122 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:43 on Fri 25 May to 14:47 on Sat 26 May.", "fact": "2040-05-25T14:43:05Z → 2040-05-26T11:47:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 25th, 12:28–13:16 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5441 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata, Giza, 2040: Saturday 26 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Sampat Gaurī Vrata 2040 falls on Saturday 26 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:43 on Fri 25 May to 14:47 on Sat 26 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/sampat-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-05-29", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-05-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8180, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-05-29T04:51:33+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-29T01:51:33Z", "ms": 2221869093048.132 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-30T01:39:20+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-29T22:39:20Z", "ms": 2221943960463.885 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-05-29T04:51:33+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-29T01:51:33Z", "ms": 2221869093048.132 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-30T01:39:20+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-29T22:39:20Z", "ms": 2221943960463.885 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-05-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-28T22:21:55+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-28T19:21:55Z", "ms": 2221845715421.494 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-28T22:21:55+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-28T19:21:55Z", "ms": 2221845715421.494 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-05-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-05-29T23:23:00+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-29T20:23:00Z", "ms": 2221935780157.9165 }, "end": { "local": "2040-05-29T23:23:00+03:00", "utc": "2040-05-29T20:23:00Z", "ms": 2221935780157.9165 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:52 on Tue 29 May to 01:39 on Wed 30 May.", "fact": "2040-05-29T01:51:33Z → 2040-05-29T22:39:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:22 on the 28th and 23:23 on the 29th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 28th and is on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8180 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 29 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-05-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2040 falls on Tuesday 29 May. Caturthī runs from 04:52 on Tue 29 May to 01:39 on Wed 30 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-05-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-06-05", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Aparā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-06-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33827, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-06-04T15:18:00+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-04T12:18:00Z", "ms": 2222425080443.902 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-05T15:30:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-05T12:30:35Z", "ms": 2222512234886.9976 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-06-04T15:18:00+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-04T12:18:00Z", "ms": 2222425080443.902 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-05T15:30:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-05T12:30:35Z", "ms": 2222512234886.9976 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-06-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-04T05:54:13+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-04T02:54:13Z", "ms": 2222391253492.7393 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-04T05:54:13+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-04T02:54:13Z", "ms": 2222391253492.7393 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-06-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-05T05:54:06+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-05T02:54:06Z", "ms": 2222477645529.2065 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-05T05:54:06+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-05T02:54:06Z", "ms": 2222477645529.2065 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:18 on Mon 4 Jun to 15:31 on Tue 5 Jun.", "fact": "2040-06-04T12:18:00Z → 2040-06-05T12:30:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:54 on the 4th and 05:54 on the 5th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 4th and is on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33827 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aparā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 5 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Aparā Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Tuesday 5 June. Ekādaśī runs from 15:18 on Mon 4 Jun to 15:31 on Tue 5 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-06-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-06-06", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-06-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8827, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-06-06T16:14:49+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-06T13:14:49Z", "ms": 2222601289246.4673 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-07T17:27:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-07T14:27:32Z", "ms": 2222692051835.557 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-06-06T16:14:49+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-06T13:14:49Z", "ms": 2222601289246.4673 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-07T17:27:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-07T14:27:32Z", "ms": 2222692051835.557 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-06T19:54:12+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-06T16:54:12Z", "ms": 2222614451579.3105 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-06T21:14:09+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-06T18:14:09Z", "ms": 2222619249214.987 } }, "covered_min": 80, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-07T19:54:39+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-07T16:54:39Z", "ms": 2222700878834.513 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-07T21:14:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-07T18:14:32Z", "ms": 2222705672337.5312 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:15 on Wed 6 Jun to 17:28 on Thu 7 Jun.", "fact": "2040-06-06T13:14:49Z → 2040-06-07T14:27:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:54–21:14 on the 6th, 19:55–21:15 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 80 of 80 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 80 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8827 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 6 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Wednesday 6 June. Trayodaśī runs from 16:15 on Wed 6 Jun to 17:28 on Thu 7 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-06-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-06-07", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-06-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19527, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-06-07T17:27:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-07T14:27:32Z", "ms": 2222692051835.557 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-08T19:05:00+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-08T16:05:00Z", "ms": 2222784299773.7925 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-06-07T17:27:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-07T14:27:32Z", "ms": 2222692051835.557 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-08T19:05:00+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-08T16:05:00Z", "ms": 2222784299773.7925 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-08T00:30:14+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-07T21:30:14Z", "ms": 2222717414470.831 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-08T01:18:14+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-07T22:18:14Z", "ms": 2222720294470.831 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-06-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-09T00:30:26+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-08T21:30:26Z", "ms": 2222803826496.8013 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-09T01:18:26+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-08T22:18:26Z", "ms": 2222806706496.8013 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 17:28 on Thu 7 Jun to 19:05 on Fri 8 Jun.", "fact": "2040-06-07T14:27:32Z → 2040-06-08T16:05:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:30–01:18 on the 7th, 00:30–01:18 on the 8th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19527 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2040: Thursday 7 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2040 falls on Thursday 7 June. Caturdaśī runs from 17:28 on Thu 7 Jun to 19:05 on Fri 8 Jun and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-06-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/rambha-tritiya", "festival": "rambha-tritiya", "name": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-06-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29976, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2040-06-12T01:42:24+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-11T22:42:24Z", "ms": 2223067344023.591 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-13T04:11:52+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-13T01:11:52Z", "ms": 2223162711593.3003 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-06-12T01:42:24+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-11T22:42:24Z", "ms": 2223067344023.591 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-13T04:11:52+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-13T01:11:52Z", "ms": 2223162711593.3003 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-06-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-12T12:31:15+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-12T09:31:15Z", "ms": 2223106275265.213 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-12T13:19:15+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-12T10:19:15Z", "ms": 2223109155265.213 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-06-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-13T12:31:28+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-13T09:31:28Z", "ms": 2223192687600.994 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-13T13:19:28+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-13T10:19:28Z", "ms": 2223195567600.994 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 01:42 on Tue 12 Jun to 04:12 on Wed 13 Jun.", "fact": "2040-06-11T22:42:24Z → 2040-06-13T01:11:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:31–13:19 on the 12th, 12:31–13:19 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 29976 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 12 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rambha-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Rambha trtiya (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Rambhā Tṛtīyā 2040 falls on Tuesday 12 June. Tṛtīyā runs from 01:42 on Tue 12 Jun to 04:12 on Wed 13 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/rambha-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-06-13", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-06-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21217, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-06-13T04:11:52+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-13T01:11:52Z", "ms": 2223162711593.3003 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-14T06:38:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-14T03:38:03Z", "ms": 2223257883091.532 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-06-13T04:11:52+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-13T01:11:52Z", "ms": 2223162711593.3003 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-14T06:38:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-14T03:38:03Z", "ms": 2223257883091.532 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-06-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-13T12:31:28+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-13T09:31:28Z", "ms": 2223192687600.994 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-13T13:19:28+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-13T10:19:28Z", "ms": 2223195567600.994 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-06-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-14T12:31:40+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-14T09:31:40Z", "ms": 2223279100061.2393 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-14T13:19:40+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-14T10:19:40Z", "ms": 2223281980061.2393 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:12 on Wed 13 Jun to 06:38 on Thu 14 Jun.", "fact": "2040-06-13T01:11:52Z → 2040-06-14T03:38:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:31–13:19 on the 13th, 12:32–13:20 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21217 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 13 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2040 falls on Wednesday 13 June. Caturthī runs from 04:12 on Wed 13 Jun to 06:38 on Thu 14 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-06-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/aranya-gauri-vrata", "festival": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "name": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-06-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6459, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2040-06-15T08:52:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-15T05:52:05Z", "ms": 2223352325446.9023 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-16T10:44:26+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-16T07:44:26Z", "ms": 2223445466349.1045 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-06-15T08:52:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-15T05:52:05Z", "ms": 2223352325446.9023 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-16T10:44:26+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-16T07:44:26Z", "ms": 2223445466349.1045 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-06-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-15T12:31:53+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-15T09:31:53Z", "ms": 2223365512620.6475 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-15T13:19:53+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-15T10:19:53Z", "ms": 2223368392620.6475 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-06-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-16T12:32:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-16T09:32:05Z", "ms": 2223451925254.2354 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-16T13:20:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-16T10:20:05Z", "ms": 2223454805254.2354 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:52 on Fri 15 Jun to 10:44 on Sat 16 Jun.", "fact": "2040-06-15T05:52:05Z → 2040-06-16T07:44:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 15th, 12:32–13:20 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6459 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata, Giza, 2040: Friday 15 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Araṇya Gaurī Vrata 2040 falls on Friday 15 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:52 on Fri 15 Jun to 10:44 on Sat 16 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/aranya-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "festival": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-06-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6459, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2040-06-15T08:52:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-15T05:52:05Z", "ms": 2223352325446.9023 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-16T10:44:26+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-16T07:44:26Z", "ms": 2223445466349.1045 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-06-15T08:52:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-15T05:52:05Z", "ms": 2223352325446.9023 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-16T10:44:26+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-16T07:44:26Z", "ms": 2223445466349.1045 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-06-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-15T12:31:53+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-15T09:31:53Z", "ms": 2223365512620.6475 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-15T13:19:53+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-15T10:19:53Z", "ms": 2223368392620.6475 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-06-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-16T12:32:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-16T09:32:05Z", "ms": 2223451925254.2354 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-16T13:20:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-16T10:20:05Z", "ms": 2223454805254.2354 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:52 on Fri 15 Jun to 10:44 on Sat 16 Jun.", "fact": "2040-06-15T05:52:05Z → 2040-06-16T07:44:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 15th, 12:32–13:20 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 6459 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha), Giza, 2040: Friday 15 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha) 2040 falls on Friday 15 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:52 on Fri 15 Jun to 10:44 on Sat 16 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-06-21", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-06-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16207, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-06-20T11:58:54+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-20T08:58:54Z", "ms": 2223795534289.1475 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-21T10:25:08+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-21T07:25:08Z", "ms": 2223876307960.781 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-06-20T11:58:54+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-20T08:58:54Z", "ms": 2223795534289.1475 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-21T10:25:08+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-21T07:25:08Z", "ms": 2223876307960.781 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-06-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-20T05:54:48+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-20T02:54:48Z", "ms": 2223773688427.6597 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-20T05:54:48+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-20T02:54:48Z", "ms": 2223773688427.6597 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-06-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-21T05:55:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-21T02:55:01Z", "ms": 2223860101302.038 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-21T05:55:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-21T02:55:01Z", "ms": 2223860101302.038 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:59 on Wed 20 Jun to 10:25 on Thu 21 Jun.", "fact": "2040-06-20T08:58:54Z → 2040-06-21T07:25:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:55 on the 20th and 05:55 on the 21st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 20th and is on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16207 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Thursday 21 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Nirjalā Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Thursday 21 June. Ekādaśī runs from 11:59 on Wed 20 Jun to 10:25 on Thu 21 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-06-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/shri-rama-dvadashi", "festival": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "name": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-06-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7681, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-06-21T10:25:08+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-21T07:25:08Z", "ms": 2223876307960.781 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-22T08:09:22+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-22T05:09:22Z", "ms": 2223954561619.4727 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-06-21T10:25:08+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-21T07:25:08Z", "ms": 2223876307960.781 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-22T08:09:22+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-22T05:09:22Z", "ms": 2223954561619.4727 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-06-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-21T12:33:09+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-21T09:33:09Z", "ms": 2223883988684.695 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-21T13:21:09+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-21T10:21:09Z", "ms": 2223886868684.695 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-06-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-22T12:33:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-22T09:33:21Z", "ms": 2223970401264.0137 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-22T13:21:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-22T10:21:21Z", "ms": 2223973281264.0137 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 10:25 on Thu 21 Jun to 08:09 on Fri 22 Jun.", "fact": "2040-06-21T07:25:08Z → 2040-06-22T05:09:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:33–13:21 on the 21st, 12:33–13:21 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 7681 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī, Giza, 2040: Thursday 21 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Sri Rama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Campaka dvadasi (Orissa) (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī 2040 falls on Thursday 21 June. Dvādaśī runs from 10:25 on Thu 21 Jun to 08:09 on Fri 22 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/shri-rama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-06-22", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-06-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28725, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-06-22T08:09:22+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-22T05:09:22Z", "ms": 2223954561619.4727 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-23T05:17:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-23T02:17:41Z", "ms": 2224030660854.69 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-06-22T08:09:22+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-22T05:09:22Z", "ms": 2223954561619.4727 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-23T05:17:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-23T02:17:41Z", "ms": 2224030660854.69 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-06-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-21T19:59:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-21T16:59:16Z", "ms": 2223910756067.3516 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-21T21:18:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-21T18:18:44Z", "ms": 2223915523966.1323 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 79, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-06-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-22T19:59:27+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-22T16:59:27Z", "ms": 2223997167219.82 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-22T21:18:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-22T18:18:56Z", "ms": 2224001935646.9688 } }, "covered_min": 79, "window_min": 79, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:09 on Fri 22 Jun to 05:18 on Sat 23 Jun.", "fact": "2040-06-22T05:09:22Z → 2040-06-23T02:17:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:59–21:19 on the 21st, 19:59–21:19 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 79 minutes on the 21st and 79 of 79 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28725 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Friday 22 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Friday 22 June. Trayodaśī runs from 08:09 on Fri 22 Jun to 05:18 on Sat 23 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-06-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vata-savitri-vrata", "festival": "vata-savitri-vrata", "name": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-06-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3605, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2040-06-24T01:57:58+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-23T22:57:58Z", "ms": 2224105078483.558 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-24T22:19:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-24T19:19:21Z", "ms": 2224178361341.4365 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-06-24T01:57:58+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-23T22:57:58Z", "ms": 2224105078483.558 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-24T22:19:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-24T19:19:21Z", "ms": 2224178361341.4365 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-06-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-23T19:59:37+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-23T16:59:37Z", "ms": 2224083577095.283 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-23T21:19:06+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-23T18:19:06Z", "ms": 2224088346365.932 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 79, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-06-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-24T19:59:46+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-24T16:59:46Z", "ms": 2224169985679.148 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-24T21:19:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-24T18:19:16Z", "ms": 2224174756107.3975 } }, "covered_min": 80, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 01:58 on Sun 24 Jun to 22:19 on Sun 24 Jun.", "fact": "2040-06-23T22:57:58Z → 2040-06-24T19:19:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:00–21:19 on the 23rd, 20:00–21:19 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 79 minutes on the 23rd and 80 of 80 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3605 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata, Giza, 2040: Sunday 24 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vata-savitri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Vata-savitri vrata (Deccan) (pradosavyapini, purvaviddha), Snanayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata 2040 falls on Sunday 24 June. Pūrṇimā runs from 01:58 on Sun 24 Jun to 22:19 on Sun 24 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vata-savitri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-06-27", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-06-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32540, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-06-27T11:10:11+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-27T08:10:11Z", "ms": 2224397410903.7236 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-28T07:56:19+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-28T04:56:19Z", "ms": 2224472179297.1494 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-06-27T11:10:11+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-27T08:10:11Z", "ms": 2224397410903.7236 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-28T07:56:19+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-28T04:56:19Z", "ms": 2224472179297.1494 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-06-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-26T22:04:39+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-26T19:04:39Z", "ms": 2224350278933.161 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-26T22:04:39+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-26T19:04:39Z", "ms": 2224350278933.161 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-06-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-06-27T22:54:00+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-27T19:54:00Z", "ms": 2224439639720.6113 }, "end": { "local": "2040-06-27T22:54:00+03:00", "utc": "2040-06-27T19:54:00Z", "ms": 2224439639720.6113 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:10 on Wed 27 Jun to 07:56 on Thu 28 Jun.", "fact": "2040-06-27T08:10:11Z → 2040-06-28T04:56:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:05 on the 26th and 22:54 on the 27th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 26th and is on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32540 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 27 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-06-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2040 falls on Wednesday 27 June. Caturthī runs from 11:10 on Wed 27 Jun to 07:56 on Thu 28 Jun and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-06-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-07-04", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Yoginī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-07-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9474, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-07-04T01:58:47+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-03T22:58:47Z", "ms": 2224969126865.666 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-05T03:21:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-05T00:21:56Z", "ms": 2225060516010.086 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-07-04T01:58:47+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-03T22:58:47Z", "ms": 2224969126865.666 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-05T03:21:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-05T00:21:56Z", "ms": 2225060516010.086 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-07-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-04T05:59:23+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-04T02:59:23Z", "ms": 2224983563247.8623 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-04T05:59:23+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-04T02:59:23Z", "ms": 2224983563247.8623 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-07-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-05T05:59:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-05T02:59:50Z", "ms": 2225069989772.566 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-05T05:59:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-05T02:59:50Z", "ms": 2225069989772.566 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 01:59 on Wed 4 Jul to 03:22 on Thu 5 Jul.", "fact": "2040-07-03T22:58:47Z → 2040-07-05T00:21:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:59 on the 4th and 06:00 on the 5th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 4th and is not on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9474 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yoginī Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 4 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Yoginī Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Wednesday 4 July. Ekādaśī runs from 01:59 on Wed 4 Jul to 03:22 on Thu 5 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-07-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-07-06", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-07-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28376, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-07-06T05:12:51+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-06T02:12:51Z", "ms": 2225153570560.644 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-07T07:23:31+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-07T04:23:31Z", "ms": 2225247810555.673 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-07-06T05:12:51+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-06T02:12:51Z", "ms": 2225153570560.644 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-07T07:23:31+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-07T04:23:31Z", "ms": 2225247810555.673 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-07-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-05T19:59:51+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-05T16:59:51Z", "ms": 2225120391229.3433 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-05T21:19:55+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-05T18:19:55Z", "ms": 2225125194672.5913 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-07-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-06T19:59:43+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-06T16:59:43Z", "ms": 2225206783344.4443 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-06T21:19:52+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-06T18:19:52Z", "ms": 2225211591572.672 } }, "covered_min": 80, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:13 on Fri 6 Jul to 07:24 on Sat 7 Jul.", "fact": "2040-07-06T02:12:51Z → 2040-07-07T04:23:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:00–21:20 on the 5th, 20:00–21:20 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 80 minutes on the 5th and 80 of 80 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28376 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Friday 6 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Friday 6 July. Trayodaśī runs from 05:13 on Fri 6 Jul to 07:24 on Sat 7 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-07-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-07-07", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-07-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21556, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-07-07T07:23:31+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-07T04:23:31Z", "ms": 2225247810555.673 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-08T09:46:22+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-08T06:46:22Z", "ms": 2225342782471.674 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-07-07T07:23:31+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-07T04:23:31Z", "ms": 2225247810555.673 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-08T09:46:22+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-08T06:46:22Z", "ms": 2225342782471.674 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-07-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-07T00:36:14+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-06T21:36:14Z", "ms": 2225223374200.298 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-07T01:24:14+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-06T22:24:14Z", "ms": 2225226254200.298 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-08T00:36:24+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-07T21:36:24Z", "ms": 2225309783880.5684 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-08T01:24:24+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-07T22:24:24Z", "ms": 2225312663880.5684 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 07:24 on Sat 7 Jul to 09:46 on Sun 8 Jul.", "fact": "2040-07-07T04:23:31Z → 2040-07-08T06:46:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:36–01:24 on the 6th, 00:36–01:24 on the 7th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21556 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2040: Saturday 7 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2040 falls on Saturday 7 July. Caturdaśī runs from 07:24 on Sat 7 Jul to 09:46 on Sun 8 Jul and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-07-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/rathayatra", "festival": "rathayatra", "name": "Rathayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-07-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4705, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2040-07-10T14:43:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-10T11:43:01Z", "ms": 2225533380669.234 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-11T17:05:48+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-11T14:05:48Z", "ms": 2225628347512.1353 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-07-10T14:43:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-10T11:43:01Z", "ms": 2225533380669.234 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-11T17:05:48+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-11T14:05:48Z", "ms": 2225628347512.1353 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-07-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-10T12:36:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-10T09:36:35Z", "ms": 2225525795171.759 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-10T13:24:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-10T10:24:35Z", "ms": 2225528675171.759 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-07-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-11T12:36:43+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-11T09:36:43Z", "ms": 2225612202856.7505 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-11T13:24:43+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-11T10:24:43Z", "ms": 2225615082856.7505 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 14:43 on Tue 10 Jul to 17:06 on Wed 11 Jul.", "fact": "2040-07-10T11:43:01Z → 2040-07-11T14:05:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:37–13:25 on the 10th, 12:37–13:25 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4705 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rathayātrā, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 11 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rathayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Rathayatra (paraviddha, special when combined with naksatra 'Pusya')" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Puṣya nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Rathayātrā 2040 falls on Wednesday 11 July. Dvitīyā runs from 14:43 on Tue 10 Jul to 17:06 on Wed 11 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/rathayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-07-13", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-07-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21182, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-07-12T19:17:52+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-12T16:17:52Z", "ms": 2225722671742.9272 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-13T21:13:29+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-13T18:13:29Z", "ms": 2225816008841.64 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-07-12T19:17:52+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-12T16:17:52Z", "ms": 2225722671742.9272 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-13T21:13:29+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-13T18:13:29Z", "ms": 2225816008841.64 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-07-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-12T12:36:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-12T09:36:50Z", "ms": 2225698610079.59 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-12T13:24:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-12T10:24:50Z", "ms": 2225701490079.59 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-07-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-13T12:36:57+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-13T09:36:57Z", "ms": 2225785016822.3604 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-13T13:24:57+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-13T10:24:57Z", "ms": 2225787896822.3604 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:18 on Thu 12 Jul to 21:13 on Fri 13 Jul.", "fact": "2040-07-12T16:17:52Z → 2040-07-13T18:13:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:37–13:25 on the 12th, 12:37–13:25 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21182 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Friday 13 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2040 falls on Friday 13 July. Caturthī runs from 19:18 on Thu 12 Jul to 21:13 on Fri 13 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-07-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/skanda-panchami", "festival": "skanda-panchami", "name": "Skanda Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-07-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28112, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2040-07-13T21:13:29+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-13T18:13:29Z", "ms": 2225816008841.64 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-14T22:46:19+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-14T19:46:19Z", "ms": 2225907978500.8896 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-07-13T21:13:29+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-13T18:13:29Z", "ms": 2225816008841.64 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-14T22:46:19+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-14T19:46:19Z", "ms": 2225907978500.8896 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-07-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-13T12:36:57+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-13T09:36:57Z", "ms": 2225785016822.3604 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-13T13:24:57+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-13T10:24:57Z", "ms": 2225787896822.3604 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-14T12:37:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-14T09:37:03Z", "ms": 2225871423068.195 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-14T13:25:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-14T10:25:03Z", "ms": 2225874303068.195 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 21:13 on Fri 13 Jul to 22:46 on Sat 14 Jul.", "fact": "2040-07-13T18:13:29Z → 2040-07-14T19:46:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:37–13:25 on the 13th, 12:37–13:25 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28112 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Pañcamī, Giza, 2040: Saturday 14 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Skanda pancami (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Skanda Pañcamī 2040 falls on Saturday 14 July. Pañcamī runs from 21:13 on Fri 13 Jul to 22:46 on Sat 14 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/skanda-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vivasvat-saptami", "festival": "vivasvat-saptami", "name": "Vivasvat Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-07-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37474, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2040-07-15T23:49:43+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-15T20:49:43Z", "ms": 2225998182674.8633 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-17T00:17:27+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-16T21:17:27Z", "ms": 2226086247021.4277 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-07-15T23:49:43+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-15T20:49:43Z", "ms": 2225998182674.8633 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-17T00:17:27+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-16T21:17:27Z", "ms": 2226086247021.4277 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-15T12:37:09+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-15T09:37:09Z", "ms": 2225957828801.373 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-15T13:25:09+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-15T10:25:09Z", "ms": 2225960708801.373 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-07-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-16T12:37:14+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-16T09:37:14Z", "ms": 2226044234007.422 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-16T13:25:14+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-16T10:25:14Z", "ms": 2226047114007.422 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 23:50 on Sun 15 Jul to 00:17 on Tue 17 Jul.", "fact": "2040-07-15T20:49:43Z → 2040-07-16T21:17:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:37–13:25 on the 15th, 12:37–13:25 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 37474 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vivasvat Saptamī, Giza, 2040: Monday 16 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vivasvat-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Vivasvat saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vivasvat Saptamī 2040 falls on Monday 16 July. Saptamī runs from 23:50 on Sun 15 Jul to 00:17 on Tue 17 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vivasvat-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-07-20", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-07-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31162, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-07-19T21:28:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-19T18:28:16Z", "ms": 2226335296441.1577 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-20T19:07:15+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-20T16:07:15Z", "ms": 2226413235401.189 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-07-19T21:28:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-19T18:28:16Z", "ms": 2226335296441.1577 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-20T19:07:15+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-20T16:07:15Z", "ms": 2226413235401.189 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-20T06:07:39+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-20T03:07:39Z", "ms": 2226366458813.7163 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-20T06:07:39+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-20T03:07:39Z", "ms": 2226366458813.7163 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-21T06:08:13+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-21T03:08:13Z", "ms": 2226452893316.665 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-21T06:08:13+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-21T03:08:13Z", "ms": 2226452893316.665 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:28 on Thu 19 Jul to 19:07 on Fri 20 Jul.", "fact": "2040-07-19T18:28:16Z → 2040-07-20T16:07:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:08 on the 20th and 06:08 on the 21st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31162 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Friday 20 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Hariśayanī Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Friday 20 July. Ekādaśī runs from 21:28 on Thu 19 Jul to 19:07 on Fri 20 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-07-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-07-21", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-07-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13468, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-07-21T16:10:22+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-21T13:10:22Z", "ms": 2226489022347.3887 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-22T12:44:58+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-22T09:44:58Z", "ms": 2226563097568.6997 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-07-21T16:10:22+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-21T13:10:22Z", "ms": 2226489022347.3887 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-22T12:44:58+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-22T09:44:58Z", "ms": 2226563097568.6997 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-21T19:54:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-21T16:54:50Z", "ms": 2226502490139.4917 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-21T21:16:42+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-21T18:16:42Z", "ms": 2226507401861.969 } }, "covered_min": 82, "window_min": 82, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-07-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-22T19:54:19+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-22T16:54:19Z", "ms": 2226588859050.0396 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-22T21:16:20+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-22T18:16:20Z", "ms": 2226593779578.7876 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 82, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:10 on Sat 21 Jul to 12:45 on Sun 22 Jul.", "fact": "2040-07-21T13:10:22Z → 2040-07-22T09:44:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:55–21:17 on the 21st, 19:54–21:16 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 82 of 82 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 82 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13468 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Saturday 21 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Saturday 21 July. Trayodaśī runs from 16:10 on Sat 21 Jul to 12:45 on Sun 22 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-07-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vyasa-puja", "festival": "vyasa-puja", "name": "Vyāsa Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-07-23", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 345, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2040-07-23T09:00:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-23T06:00:01Z", "ms": 2226636000660.9453 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-24T05:05:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T02:05:41Z", "ms": 2226708340816.5693 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-07-23T09:00:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-23T06:00:01Z", "ms": 2226636000660.9453 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-24T05:05:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T02:05:41Z", "ms": 2226708340816.5693 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-07-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-23T06:09:23+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-23T03:09:23Z", "ms": 2226625763015.6514 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-23T08:54:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-23T05:54:16Z", "ms": 2226635655728.2427 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 165, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-07-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-24T06:09:58+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T03:09:58Z", "ms": 2226712198169.2183 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-24T08:54:37+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T05:54:37Z", "ms": 2226722077084.0146 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 165, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 09:00 on Mon 23 Jul to 05:06 on Tue 24 Jul.", "fact": "2040-07-23T06:00:01Z → 2040-07-24T02:05:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:09–08:54 on the 23rd, 06:10–08:55 on the 24th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 165 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 165 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither morning qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 345 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vyāsa Pūjā, Giza, 2040: Monday 23 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vyasa-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-23", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-23", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vyāsa Pūjā 2040 falls on Monday 23 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 09:00 on Mon 23 Jul to 05:06 on Tue 24 Jul, and reaches the first three muhūrtas after sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vyasa-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/guru-purnima", "festival": "guru-purnima", "name": "Guru Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-07-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13054, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2040-07-23T09:00:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-23T06:00:01Z", "ms": 2226636000660.9453 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-24T05:05:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T02:05:41Z", "ms": 2226708340816.5693 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-07-23T09:00:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-23T06:00:01Z", "ms": 2226636000660.9453 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-24T05:05:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T02:05:41Z", "ms": 2226708340816.5693 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-07-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-23T12:37:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-23T09:37:35Z", "ms": 2226649054797.13 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-23T13:25:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-23T10:25:35Z", "ms": 2226651934797.13 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-07-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-24T12:37:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T09:37:35Z", "ms": 2226735455456.21 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-24T13:25:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T10:25:35Z", "ms": 2226738335456.21 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 09:00 on Mon 23 Jul to 05:06 on Tue 24 Jul.", "fact": "2040-07-23T06:00:01Z → 2040-07-24T02:05:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:38–13:26 on the 23rd, 12:38–13:26 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13054 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Guru Pūrṇimā, Giza, 2040: Monday 23 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "guru-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Guru Pūrṇimā 2040 falls on Monday 23 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 09:00 on Mon 23 Jul to 05:06 on Tue 24 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/guru-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/kokila-vrata", "festival": "kokila-vrata", "name": "Kokilā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-07-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29333, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2040-07-23T09:00:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-23T06:00:01Z", "ms": 2226636000660.9453 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-24T05:05:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T02:05:41Z", "ms": 2226708340816.5693 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-07-23T09:00:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-23T06:00:01Z", "ms": 2226636000660.9453 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-24T05:05:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T02:05:41Z", "ms": 2226708340816.5693 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-07-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-23T17:08:54+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-23T14:08:54Z", "ms": 2226665333866.017 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-23T19:53:47+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-23T16:53:47Z", "ms": 2226675226578.6084 } }, "covered_min": 165, "window_min": 165, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-07-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-24T17:08:34+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T14:08:34Z", "ms": 2226751713828.405 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-24T19:53:13+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T16:53:13Z", "ms": 2226761592743.201 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 165, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 09:00 on Mon 23 Jul to 05:06 on Tue 24 Jul.", "fact": "2040-07-23T06:00:01Z → 2040-07-24T02:05:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 17:09–19:54 on the 23rd, 17:09–19:53 on the 24th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 165 of 165 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 165 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29333 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kokilā Vrata, Giza, 2040: Monday 23 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kokila-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kokilā Vrata 2040 falls on Monday 23 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 09:00 on Mon 23 Jul to 05:06 on Tue 24 Jul and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/kokila-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/shiva-shayanotsava", "festival": "shiva-shayanotsava", "name": "Śiva Śayanotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-07-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28185, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2040-07-23T09:00:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-23T06:00:01Z", "ms": 2226636000660.9453 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-24T05:05:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T02:05:41Z", "ms": 2226708340816.5693 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-07-23T09:00:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-23T06:00:01Z", "ms": 2226636000660.9453 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-24T05:05:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T02:05:41Z", "ms": 2226708340816.5693 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-07-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-22T19:54:19+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-22T16:54:19Z", "ms": 2226588859050.0396 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-22T21:16:20+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-22T18:16:20Z", "ms": 2226593779578.7876 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 82, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-07-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-23T19:53:47+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-23T16:53:47Z", "ms": 2226675226578.6084 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-23T21:15:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-23T18:15:56Z", "ms": 2226680156124.023 } }, "covered_min": 82, "window_min": 82, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 09:00 on Mon 23 Jul to 05:06 on Tue 24 Jul.", "fact": "2040-07-23T06:00:01Z → 2040-07-24T02:05:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:54–21:16 on the 22nd, 19:54–21:16 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 82 minutes on the 22nd and 82 of 82 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28185 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śiva Śayanotsava, Giza, 2040: Monday 23 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shiva-shayanotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śiva Śayanotsava 2040 falls on Monday 23 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 09:00 on Mon 23 Jul to 05:06 on Tue 24 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/shiva-shayanotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-07-25", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 284, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2040-07-25T01:12:49+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T22:12:49Z", "ms": 2226780769441 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-25T21:32:34+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-25T18:32:34Z", "ms": 2226853953767.5845 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-07-25T01:12:49+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T22:12:49Z", "ms": 2226780769441 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-25T21:32:34+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-25T18:32:34Z", "ms": 2226853953767.5845 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-07-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-24T20:41:31+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T17:41:31Z", "ms": 2226764491247.155 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-24T20:41:31+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-24T17:41:31Z", "ms": 2226764491247.155 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-25T21:27:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-25T18:27:50Z", "ms": 2226853669751.2783 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-25T21:27:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-25T18:27:50Z", "ms": 2226853669751.2783 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 01:13 on Wed 25 Jul to 21:33 on Wed 25 Jul.", "fact": "2040-07-24T22:12:49Z → 2040-07-25T18:32:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:42 on the 24th and 21:28 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 284 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha), Giza, 2040: Wednesday 25 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunya sayana vrata (candrodaya vyapini; purvahna vyapini and purvaviddha in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row reads pūrvāhṇa and pūrvaviddha; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-25", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-25", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha) 2040 falls on Wednesday 25 July. Dvitīyā runs from 01:13 on Wed 25 Jul to 21:33 on Wed 25 Jul and is current at moonrise that day. It is 4 min 44 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-07-26", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-07-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13903, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-07-26T18:15:48+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-26T15:15:48Z", "ms": 2226928548133.5776 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-27T15:32:39+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-27T12:32:39Z", "ms": 2227005158936.823 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-07-26T18:15:48+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-26T15:15:48Z", "ms": 2226928548133.5776 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-27T15:32:39+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-27T12:32:39Z", "ms": 2227005158936.823 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-07-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-26T22:07:31+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-26T19:07:31Z", "ms": 2226942451444.7344 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-26T22:07:31+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-26T19:07:31Z", "ms": 2226942451444.7344 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-07-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-07-27T22:42:38+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-27T19:42:38Z", "ms": 2227030957981.2534 }, "end": { "local": "2040-07-27T22:42:38+03:00", "utc": "2040-07-27T19:42:38Z", "ms": 2227030957981.2534 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 18:16 on Thu 26 Jul to 15:33 on Fri 27 Jul.", "fact": "2040-07-26T15:15:48Z → 2040-07-27T12:32:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:08 on the 26th and 22:43 on the 27th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 26th and is not on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13903 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Thursday 26 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-07-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2040 falls on Thursday 26 July. Caturthī runs from 18:16 on Thu 26 Jul to 15:33 on Fri 27 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-07-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-08-03", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33205, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-08-02T15:28:45+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-02T12:28:45Z", "ms": 2227523325173.746 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-03T17:43:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-03T14:43:03Z", "ms": 2227617782974.5874 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-08-02T15:28:45+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-02T12:28:45Z", "ms": 2227523325173.746 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-03T17:43:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-03T14:43:03Z", "ms": 2227617782974.5874 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-02T06:15:20+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-02T03:15:20Z", "ms": 2227490120482.3022 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-02T06:15:20+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-02T03:15:20Z", "ms": 2227490120482.3022 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-08-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-03T06:15:57+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-03T03:15:57Z", "ms": 2227576556623.833 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-03T06:15:57+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-03T03:15:57Z", "ms": 2227576556623.833 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:29 on Thu 2 Aug to 17:43 on Fri 3 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-02T12:28:45Z → 2040-08-03T14:43:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:15 on the 2nd and 06:16 on the 3rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 2nd and is on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33205 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Friday 3 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kāmikā Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Friday 3 August. Ekādaśī runs from 15:29 on Thu 2 Aug to 17:43 on Fri 3 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-08-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-08-05", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-05", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1527, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-08-04T20:11:02+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-04T17:11:02Z", "ms": 2227713062325.2983 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-05T22:42:34+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-05T19:42:34Z", "ms": 2227808554172.027 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-08-04T20:11:02+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-04T17:11:02Z", "ms": 2227713062325.2983 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-05T22:42:34+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-05T19:42:34Z", "ms": 2227808554172.027 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-04T19:45:36+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-04T16:45:36Z", "ms": 2227711535724.2812 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-04T21:09:48+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-04T18:09:48Z", "ms": 2227716588145.1963 } }, "covered_min": 59, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-05T19:44:47+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-05T16:44:47Z", "ms": 2227797886931.7544 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-05T21:09:11+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-05T18:09:11Z", "ms": 2227802950669.073 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:11 on Sat 4 Aug to 22:43 on Sun 5 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-04T17:11:02Z → 2040-08-05T19:42:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:46–21:10 on the 4th, 19:45–21:09 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 59 of 84 minutes on the 4th and 84 of 84 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1527 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Sunday 5 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-05", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-05", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Sunday 5 August. Trayodaśī runs from 20:11 on Sat 4 Aug to 22:43 on Sun 5 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 59 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-08-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-08-05", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-05", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 932, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-08-05T22:42:34+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-05T19:42:34Z", "ms": 2227808554172.027 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-07T01:09:37+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-06T22:09:37Z", "ms": 2227903777046.454 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-08-05T22:42:34+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-05T19:42:34Z", "ms": 2227808554172.027 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-07T01:09:37+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-06T22:09:37Z", "ms": 2227903777046.454 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-06T00:37:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-05T21:37:16Z", "ms": 2227815435946.7 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-06T01:25:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-05T22:25:16Z", "ms": 2227818315946.7 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-07T00:37:09+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-06T21:37:09Z", "ms": 2227901828998.999 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-07T01:25:09+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-06T22:25:09Z", "ms": 2227904708998.999 } }, "covered_min": 32, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:43 on Sun 5 Aug to 01:10 on Tue 7 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-05T19:42:34Z → 2040-08-06T22:09:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:37–01:25 on the 5th, 00:37–01:25 on the 6th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 32 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both nights qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 932 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2040: Sunday 5 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-05", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-05", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2040 falls on Sunday 5 August. Caturdaśī runs from 22:43 on Sun 5 Aug to 01:10 on Tue 7 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night. It also reaches the next night for 32 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-08-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/madhusrava-tritiya", "festival": "madhusrava-tritiya", "name": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Hariyali Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14087, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2040-08-10T07:15:04+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-10T04:15:04Z", "ms": 2228184903694.9507 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-11T08:41:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-11T05:41:21Z", "ms": 2228276480979.5083 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-08-10T07:15:04+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-10T04:15:04Z", "ms": 2228184903694.9507 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-11T08:41:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-11T05:41:21Z", "ms": 2228276480979.5083 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-10T12:36:18+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-10T09:36:18Z", "ms": 2228204177501.338 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-10T13:24:18+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-10T10:24:18Z", "ms": 2228207057501.338 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-11T12:36:08+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-11T09:36:08Z", "ms": 2228290567692.6494 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-11T13:24:08+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-11T10:24:08Z", "ms": 2228293447692.6494 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 07:15 on Fri 10 Aug to 08:41 on Sat 11 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-10T04:15:04Z → 2040-08-11T05:41:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:36–13:24 on the 10th, 12:36–13:24 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14087 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā, Giza, 2040: Friday 10 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "madhusrava-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Madhusrava (Gujerat) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Madhusravā Tṛtīyā (Hariyali Teej) 2040 falls on Friday 10 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 07:15 on Fri 10 Aug to 08:41 on Sat 11 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/madhusrava-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-08-11", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10254, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-08-11T08:41:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-11T05:41:21Z", "ms": 2228276480979.5083 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-12T09:45:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-12T06:45:03Z", "ms": 2228366703154.661 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-08-11T08:41:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-11T05:41:21Z", "ms": 2228276480979.5083 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-12T09:45:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-12T06:45:03Z", "ms": 2228366703154.661 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-11T12:36:08+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-11T09:36:08Z", "ms": 2228290567692.6494 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-11T13:24:08+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-11T10:24:08Z", "ms": 2228293447692.6494 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-12T12:35:57+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-12T09:35:57Z", "ms": 2228376957316.8926 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-12T13:23:57+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-12T10:23:57Z", "ms": 2228379837316.8926 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:41 on Sat 11 Aug to 09:45 on Sun 12 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-11T05:41:21Z → 2040-08-12T06:45:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:36–13:24 on the 11th, 12:36–13:24 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10254 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Saturday 11 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2040 falls on Saturday 11 August. Caturthī runs from 08:41 on Sat 11 Aug to 09:45 on Sun 12 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-08-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/naga-panchami", "festival": "naga-panchami", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7995, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2040-08-12T09:45:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-12T06:45:03Z", "ms": 2228366703154.661 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-13T10:22:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-13T07:22:32Z", "ms": 2228455351603.082 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-08-12T09:45:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-12T06:45:03Z", "ms": 2228366703154.661 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-13T10:22:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-13T07:22:32Z", "ms": 2228455351603.082 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-12T12:35:57+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-12T09:35:57Z", "ms": 2228376957316.8926 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-12T13:23:57+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-12T10:23:57Z", "ms": 2228379837316.8926 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-13T12:35:46+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-13T09:35:46Z", "ms": 2228463346379.621 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-13T13:23:46+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-13T10:23:46Z", "ms": 2228466226379.621 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 09:45 on Sun 12 Aug to 10:23 on Mon 13 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-12T06:45:03Z → 2040-08-13T07:22:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:36–13:24 on the 12th, 12:36–13:24 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7995 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī, Giza, 2040: Sunday 12 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Nāga Pañcamī 2040 falls on Sunday 12 August. Pañcamī runs from 09:45 on Sun 12 Aug to 10:23 on Mon 13 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/naga-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-08-18", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4956, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-08-18T05:02:14+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-18T02:02:14Z", "ms": 2228868133965.228 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-19T02:13:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-18T23:13:35Z", "ms": 2228944415471.881 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-08-18T05:02:14+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-18T02:02:14Z", "ms": 2228868133965.228 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-19T02:13:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-18T23:13:35Z", "ms": 2228944415471.881 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-18T06:24:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-18T03:24:50Z", "ms": 2228873089861.487 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-18T06:24:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-18T03:24:50Z", "ms": 2228873089861.487 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-19T06:25:24+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-19T03:25:24Z", "ms": 2228959524303.848 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-19T06:25:24+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-19T03:25:24Z", "ms": 2228959524303.848 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:02 on Sat 18 Aug to 02:14 on Sun 19 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-18T02:02:14Z → 2040-08-18T23:13:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:25 on the 18th and 06:25 on the 19th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 18th and is not on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4956 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Saturday 18 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Putradā Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Saturday 18 August. Ekādaśī runs from 05:02 on Sat 18 Aug to 02:14 on Sun 19 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-08-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/damodara-dvadashi", "festival": "damodara-dvadashi", "name": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34604, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-08-19T02:13:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-18T23:13:35Z", "ms": 2228944415471.881 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-19T22:59:14+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-19T19:59:14Z", "ms": 2229019153548.8647 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-08-19T02:13:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-18T23:13:35Z", "ms": 2228944415471.881 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-19T22:59:14+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-19T19:59:14Z", "ms": 2229019153548.8647 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-18T12:34:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-18T09:34:44Z", "ms": 2228895283544.2866 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-18T13:22:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-18T10:22:44Z", "ms": 2228898163544.2866 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-19T12:34:29+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-19T09:34:29Z", "ms": 2228981669420.827 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-19T13:22:29+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-19T10:22:29Z", "ms": 2228984549420.827 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 02:14 on Sun 19 Aug to 22:59 on Sun 19 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-18T23:13:35Z → 2040-08-19T19:59:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:35–13:23 on the 18th, 12:34–13:22 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 48 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 34604 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī, Giza, 2040: Sunday 19 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "damodara-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Buddha dvadasi, Damodara dvadasi (purvaviddha), Visnu-pavitraropana." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Dāmodara Dvādaśī 2040 falls on Sunday 19 August. Dvādaśī runs from 02:14 on Sun 19 Aug to 22:59 on Sun 19 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/damodara-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-08-19", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-19", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin", "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 195, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-08-19T22:59:14+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-19T19:59:14Z", "ms": 2229019153548.8647 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-20T19:27:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-20T16:27:16Z", "ms": 2229092835731.4517 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-08-19T22:59:14+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-19T19:59:14Z", "ms": 2229019153548.8647 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-20T19:27:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-20T16:27:16Z", "ms": 2229092835731.4517 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-19T19:31:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-19T16:31:35Z", "ms": 2229006694537.8066 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-19T20:58:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-19T17:58:50Z", "ms": 2229011929743.2983 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-20T19:30:31+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-20T16:30:31Z", "ms": 2229093031040.9077 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-20T20:57:59+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-20T17:57:59Z", "ms": 2229098279260.843 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:59 on Sun 19 Aug to 19:27 on Mon 20 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-19T19:59:14Z → 2040-08-20T16:27:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:32–20:59 on the 19th, 19:31–20:58 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 87 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 87 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither evening qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 195 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Sunday 19 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin, absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-20", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-19", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Sunday 19 August. Trayodaśī runs from 22:59 on Sun 19 Aug to 19:27 on Mon 20 Aug, and reaches pradoṣa on neither day. It is 3 min 15 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-08-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/raksha-bandhana", "festival": "raksha-bandhana", "name": "Rakṣā Bandhana", "everyday": "Rakhi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-22", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 16176, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2040-08-21T15:47:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-21T12:47:16Z", "ms": 2229166035602.3457 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-22T12:09:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-22T09:09:44Z", "ms": 2229239384052.5713 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "second-half", "start": { "local": "2040-08-22T01:57:30+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-21T22:57:30Z", "ms": 2229202650375.8755 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-22T12:09:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-22T09:09:44Z", "ms": 2229239384052.5713 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-21T06:26:33+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-21T03:26:33Z", "ms": 2229132392690.422 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-22T06:27:07+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-22T03:27:07Z", "ms": 2229218826643.8354 } }, "covered_min": 270, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-22T06:27:07+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-22T03:27:07Z", "ms": 2229218826643.8354 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-23T06:27:40+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-23T03:27:40Z", "ms": 2229305260446.6504 } }, "covered_min": 343, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 15:47 on Tue 21 Aug to 12:10 on Wed 22 Aug. Its second half begins at 01:58 on Wed 22 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-21T12:47:16Z → 2040-08-22T09:09:44Z · second half from 2040-08-21T22:57:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:27 on the 21st, and from 06:27 on the 22nd.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The second half of Pūrṇimā must be present during the day. It covers 270 of 1441 minutes on the 21st and 343 of 1441 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both days qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 16176 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rakṣā Bandhana, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 22 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "raksha-bandhana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "day", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated", "half": "second" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-22", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-22", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Rakṣā Bandhana (Rakhi) 2040 falls on Wednesday 22 August. The second half of Pūrṇimā runs from 01:58 on Wed 22 Aug to 12:10 on Wed 22 Aug and falls on two days: 343 minutes of it on the 22nd, 270 on the 21st; the rule does not say which to take, and the day that holds more of it is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/raksha-bandhana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/rishi-tarpana", "festival": "rishi-tarpana", "name": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1440, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2040-08-21T15:47:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-21T12:47:16Z", "ms": 2229166035602.3457 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-22T12:09:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-22T09:09:44Z", "ms": 2229239384052.5713 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-08-21T15:47:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-21T12:47:16Z", "ms": 2229166035602.3457 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-22T12:09:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-22T09:09:44Z", "ms": 2229239384052.5713 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-21T12:34:00+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-21T09:34:00Z", "ms": 2229154439728.0396 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-21T13:22:00+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-21T10:22:00Z", "ms": 2229157319728.0396 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-22T12:33:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-22T09:33:44Z", "ms": 2229240824192.6445 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-22T13:21:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-22T10:21:44Z", "ms": 2229243704192.6445 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 15:47 on Tue 21 Aug to 12:10 on Wed 22 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-21T12:47:16Z → 2040-08-22T09:09:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:34–13:22 on the 21st, 12:34–13:22 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: unstated → second-day · margin 1440 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 22 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa 2040 falls on Wednesday 22 August. Pūrṇimā runs from 15:47 on Tue 21 Aug to 12:10 on Wed 22 Aug, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/rishi-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32948, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2040-08-23T08:45:40+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-23T05:45:40Z", "ms": 2229313539978.872 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-24T05:45:58+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-24T02:45:58Z", "ms": 2229389158087.8687 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-08-23T08:45:40+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-23T05:45:40Z", "ms": 2229313539978.872 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-24T05:45:58+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-24T02:45:58Z", "ms": 2229389158087.8687 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-22T19:59:14+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-22T16:59:14Z", "ms": 2229267553917.871 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-22T19:59:14+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-22T16:59:14Z", "ms": 2229267553917.871 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-23T20:36:51+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-23T17:36:51Z", "ms": 2229356210514.3584 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-23T20:36:51+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-23T17:36:51Z", "ms": 2229356210514.3584 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 08:46 on Thu 23 Aug to 05:46 on Fri 24 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-23T05:45:40Z → 2040-08-24T02:45:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:59 on the 22nd and 20:37 on the 23rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 22nd and is on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 32948 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata, Giza, 2040: Thursday 23 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunyasayana vrata (Dvitiya current at moonrise; if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata 2040 falls on Thursday 23 August. Dvitīyā runs from 08:46 on Thu 23 Aug to 05:46 on Fri 24 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/kajjali-tritiya", "festival": "kajjali-tritiya", "name": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Kajari Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24434, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 17, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2040-08-24T05:45:58+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-24T02:45:58Z", "ms": 2229389158087.8687 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-25T03:20:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-25T00:20:50Z", "ms": 2229466849952.7446 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-08-24T05:45:58+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-24T02:45:58Z", "ms": 2229389158087.8687 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-25T03:20:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-25T00:20:50Z", "ms": 2229466849952.7446 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-24T12:33:12+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-24T09:33:12Z", "ms": 2229413591835.0337 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-24T13:21:12+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-24T10:21:12Z", "ms": 2229416471835.0337 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-25T12:32:55+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-25T09:32:55Z", "ms": 2229499975049.958 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-25T13:20:55+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-25T10:20:55Z", "ms": 2229502855049.958 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 05:46 on Fri 24 Aug to 03:21 on Sat 25 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-24T02:45:58Z → 2040-08-25T00:20:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:33–13:21 on the 24th, 12:33–13:21 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24434 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā, Giza, 2040: Friday 24 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kajjali-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 3 Kajjali trtiya, (paraviddha), Angaveta trtiya (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kajjalī Tṛtīyā (Kajari Teej) 2040 falls on Friday 24 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 05:46 on Fri 24 Aug to 03:21 on Sat 25 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/kajjali-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/bahula-chaturthi", "festival": "bahula-chaturthi", "name": "Bahulā Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22432, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-08-25T03:20:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-25T00:20:50Z", "ms": 2229466849952.7446 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-26T01:38:55+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-25T22:38:55Z", "ms": 2229547134922.1914 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-08-25T03:20:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-25T00:20:50Z", "ms": 2229466849952.7446 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-26T01:38:55+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-25T22:38:55Z", "ms": 2229547134922.1914 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-24T16:50:34+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-24T13:50:34Z", "ms": 2229429034471.699 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-24T19:26:10+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-24T16:26:10Z", "ms": 2229438369562.8096 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 156, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-25T16:49:47+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-25T13:49:47Z", "ms": 2229515387499.402 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-25T19:25:02+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-25T16:25:02Z", "ms": 2229524702465.6978 } }, "covered_min": 155, "window_min": 155, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:21 on Sat 25 Aug to 01:39 on Sun 26 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-25T00:20:50Z → 2040-08-25T22:38:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:51–19:26 on the 24th, 16:50–19:25 on the 25th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 156 minutes on the 24th and 155 of 155 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 22432 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bahulā Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Saturday 25 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bahula-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Bahula caturthi (Madhyadesa) (Sayahnavyapini: if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the 1st day)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Bahulā Caturthī 2040 falls on Saturday 25 August. Caturthī runs from 03:21 on Sat 25 Aug to 01:39 on Sun 26 Aug and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/bahula-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-08-25", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14117, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-08-25T03:20:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-25T00:20:50Z", "ms": 2229466849952.7446 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-26T01:38:55+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-25T22:38:55Z", "ms": 2229547134922.1914 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-08-25T03:20:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-25T00:20:50Z", "ms": 2229466849952.7446 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-26T01:38:55+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-25T22:38:55Z", "ms": 2229547134922.1914 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-24T21:11:04+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-24T18:11:04Z", "ms": 2229444664306.79 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-24T21:11:04+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-24T18:11:04Z", "ms": 2229444664306.79 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-25T21:43:38+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-25T18:43:38Z", "ms": 2229533017544.3853 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-25T21:43:38+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-25T18:43:38Z", "ms": 2229533017544.3853 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:21 on Sat 25 Aug to 01:39 on Sun 26 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-25T00:20:50Z → 2040-08-25T22:38:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:11 on the 24th and 21:44 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14117 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Saturday 25 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2040 falls on Saturday 25 August. Caturthī runs from 03:21 on Sat 25 Aug to 01:39 on Sun 26 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-08-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/hala-shashthi", "festival": "hala-shashthi", "name": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 41120, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2040-08-27T00:46:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-26T21:46:21Z", "ms": 2229630380759.846 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-28T00:45:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-27T21:45:41Z", "ms": 2229716740641.587 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-08-27T00:46:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-26T21:46:21Z", "ms": 2229630380759.846 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-28T00:45:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-27T21:45:41Z", "ms": 2229716740641.587 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-26T12:32:38+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-26T09:32:38Z", "ms": 2229586357884.8784 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-26T13:20:38+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-26T10:20:38Z", "ms": 2229589237884.8784 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-27T12:32:20+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-27T09:32:20Z", "ms": 2229672740357.15 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-27T13:20:20+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-27T10:20:20Z", "ms": 2229675620357.15 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 00:46 on Mon 27 Aug to 00:46 on Tue 28 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-26T21:46:21Z → 2040-08-27T21:45:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:33–13:21 on the 26th, 12:32–13:20 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 41120 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī, Giza, 2040: Monday 27 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "hala-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Hala sasthi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Hala Ṣaṣṭhī 2040 falls on Monday 27 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 00:46 on Mon 27 Aug to 00:46 on Tue 28 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/hala-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/shitala-saptami", "festival": "shitala-saptami", "name": "Śītalā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39402, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 21, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2040-08-28T00:45:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-27T21:45:41Z", "ms": 2229716740641.587 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-29T01:35:02+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-28T22:35:02Z", "ms": 2229806102303.274 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-08-28T00:45:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-27T21:45:41Z", "ms": 2229716740641.587 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-29T01:35:02+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-28T22:35:02Z", "ms": 2229806102303.274 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-28T12:32:02+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-28T09:32:02Z", "ms": 2229759122483.466 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-28T13:20:02+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-28T10:20:02Z", "ms": 2229762002483.466 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-29T12:31:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-29T09:31:44Z", "ms": 2229845504279.9683 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-29T13:19:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-29T10:19:44Z", "ms": 2229848384279.9683 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 00:46 on Tue 28 Aug to 01:35 on Wed 29 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-27T21:45:41Z → 2040-08-28T22:35:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 28th, 12:32–13:20 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 39402 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalā Saptamī, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 28 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitala-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 7 Sitala saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śītalā Saptamī 2040 falls on Tuesday 28 August. Saptamī runs from 00:46 on Tue 28 Aug to 01:35 on Wed 29 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/shitala-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/janmashtami", "festival": "janmashtami", "name": "Janmāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-08-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 883, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2040-08-29T01:35:02+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-28T22:35:02Z", "ms": 2229806102303.274 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-30T03:07:52+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-30T00:07:52Z", "ms": 2229898072073.4644 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-08-29T01:35:02+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-28T22:35:02Z", "ms": 2229806102303.274 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-30T03:07:52+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-30T00:07:52Z", "ms": 2229898072073.4644 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-29T00:32:19+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-28T21:32:19Z", "ms": 2229802339016.247 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-29T01:20:19+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-28T22:20:19Z", "ms": 2229805219016.247 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-08-30T00:32:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-29T21:32:01Z", "ms": 2229888720762.5645 }, "end": { "local": "2040-08-30T01:20:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-08-29T22:20:01Z", "ms": 2229891600762.5645 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 01:35 on Wed 29 Aug to 03:08 on Thu 30 Aug.", "fact": "2040-08-28T22:35:02Z → 2040-08-30T00:07:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:32–01:20 on the 28th, 00:32–01:20 on the 29th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 883 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Janmāṣṭamī, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 29 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "janmashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Janmastami (madhyaratra-vyapini), if midnight is covered on two days, or not on any day, it is to be observed on the 2nd day; special when combined with naksatra 'Rohini' at midnight, more so when on Monday or Wednesday. If the combination occurs before midnight and 'Rohini' extends up to midnight, it is to be observed on that day. Gokulastami." } ], "not_evaluated": "The clauses on Rohiṇī nakṣatra, the Vaiṣṇava observance on the day after saptamī, and the Assam and South India reckoning in the solar month belong to other readings and are not applied.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Janmāṣṭamī 2040 falls on Wednesday 29 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 01:35 on Wed 29 Aug to 03:08 on Thu 30 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/janmashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-09-02", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ajā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3983, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-09-01T07:39:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-01T04:39:03Z", "ms": 2230087142670.2334 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-02T10:10:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-02T07:10:56Z", "ms": 2230182656061.1997 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-01T07:39:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-01T04:39:03Z", "ms": 2230087142670.2334 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-02T10:10:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-02T07:10:56Z", "ms": 2230182656061.1997 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-01T06:32:39+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-01T03:32:39Z", "ms": 2230083159171.3135 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-01T06:32:39+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-01T03:32:39Z", "ms": 2230083159171.3135 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-02T06:33:12+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-02T03:33:12Z", "ms": 2230169591866.9463 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-02T06:33:12+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-02T03:33:12Z", "ms": 2230169591866.9463 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 07:39 on Sat 1 Sep to 10:11 on Sun 2 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-01T04:39:03Z → 2040-09-02T07:10:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:33 on the 1st and 06:33 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 1st and is on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3983 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ajā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Sunday 2 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Ajā Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Sunday 2 September. Ekādaśī runs from 07:39 on Sat 1 Sep to 10:11 on Sun 2 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-09-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-09-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15800, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-09-03T12:37:31+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-03T09:37:31Z", "ms": 2230277850823.4077 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-04T14:50:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-04T11:50:01Z", "ms": 2230372201375.7847 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-03T12:37:31+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-03T09:37:31Z", "ms": 2230277850823.4077 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-04T14:50:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-04T11:50:01Z", "ms": 2230372201375.7847 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-03T19:14:33+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-03T16:14:33Z", "ms": 2230301673234.815 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-03T20:45:11+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-03T17:45:11Z", "ms": 2230307111073.6045 } }, "covered_min": 91, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-04T19:13:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-04T16:13:21Z", "ms": 2230388000976.0454 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-04T20:44:13+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-04T17:44:13Z", "ms": 2230393452779.2207 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 12:38 on Mon 3 Sep to 14:50 on Tue 4 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-03T09:37:31Z → 2040-09-04T11:50:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:15–20:45 on the 3rd, 19:13–20:44 on the 4th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 91 of 91 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 91 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15800 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Monday 3 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Monday 3 September. Trayodaśī runs from 12:38 on Mon 3 Sep to 14:50 on Tue 4 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-09-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/aghora-chaturdashi", "festival": "aghora-chaturdashi", "name": "Aghora Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8949, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-09-04T14:50:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-04T11:50:01Z", "ms": 2230372201375.7847 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-05T16:42:59+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-05T13:42:59Z", "ms": 2230465379130.632 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-04T14:50:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-04T11:50:01Z", "ms": 2230372201375.7847 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-05T16:42:59+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-05T13:42:59Z", "ms": 2230465379130.632 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-04T19:13:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-04T16:13:21Z", "ms": 2230388000976.0454 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-04T20:44:13+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-04T17:44:13Z", "ms": 2230393452779.2207 } }, "covered_min": 91, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-05T19:12:08+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-05T16:12:08Z", "ms": 2230474328340.1226 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-05T20:43:14+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-05T17:43:14Z", "ms": 2230479794149.617 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 14:50 on Tue 4 Sep to 16:43 on Wed 5 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-04T11:50:01Z → 2040-09-05T13:42:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:13–20:44 on the 4th, 19:12–20:43 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 91 of 91 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 91 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8949 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aghora Caturdaśī, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 4 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aghora-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Aghora caturdasi (pradosa vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Aghora Caturdaśī 2040 falls on Tuesday 4 September. Caturdaśī runs from 14:50 on Tue 4 Sep to 16:43 on Wed 5 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/aghora-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-09-04", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28006, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-09-04T14:50:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-04T11:50:01Z", "ms": 2230372201375.7847 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-05T16:42:59+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-05T13:42:59Z", "ms": 2230465379130.632 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-04T14:50:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-04T11:50:01Z", "ms": 2230372201375.7847 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-05T16:42:59+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-05T13:42:59Z", "ms": 2230465379130.632 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-05T00:30:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-04T21:30:05Z", "ms": 2230407005237.952 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-05T01:18:05+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-04T22:18:05Z", "ms": 2230409885237.952 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-06T00:29:45+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-05T21:29:45Z", "ms": 2230493385125.7266 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-06T01:17:45+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-05T22:17:45Z", "ms": 2230496265125.7266 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 14:50 on Tue 4 Sep to 16:43 on Wed 5 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-04T11:50:01Z → 2040-09-05T13:42:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:30–01:18 on the 4th, 00:30–01:18 on the 5th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28006 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 4 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2040 falls on Tuesday 4 September. Caturdaśī runs from 14:50 on Tue 4 Sep to 16:43 on Wed 5 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-09-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/rudra-vrata", "festival": "rudra-vrata", "name": "Rudra Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17796, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2040-09-06T18:13:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-06T15:13:44Z", "ms": 2230557224467.5103 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-07T19:21:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-07T16:21:32Z", "ms": 2230647691759.505 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-06T18:13:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-06T15:13:44Z", "ms": 2230557224467.5103 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-07T19:21:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-07T16:21:32Z", "ms": 2230647691759.505 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-06T12:29:09+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-06T09:29:09Z", "ms": 2230536548631.4033 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-06T13:17:09+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-06T10:17:09Z", "ms": 2230539428631.4033 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-07T12:28:48+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-07T09:28:48Z", "ms": 2230622928150.2217 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-07T13:16:48+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-07T10:16:48Z", "ms": 2230625808150.2217 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 18:14 on Thu 6 Sep to 19:22 on Fri 7 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-06T15:13:44Z → 2040-09-07T16:21:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 6th, 12:29–13:17 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 17796 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rudra Vrata, Giza, 2040: Friday 7 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rudra-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Rudra vrata (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Rudra Vrata 2040 falls on Friday 7 September. Pratipadā runs from 18:14 on Thu 6 Sep to 19:22 on Fri 7 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/rudra-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/haritalika-vrata", "festival": "haritalika-vrata", "name": "Haritālikā Vrata", "everyday": "Hartalika Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24601, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2040-09-08T20:06:28+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-08T17:06:28Z", "ms": 2230736788413.149 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-09T20:28:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-09T17:28:44Z", "ms": 2230824523584.6904 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-08T20:06:28+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-08T17:06:28Z", "ms": 2230736788413.149 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-09T20:28:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-09T17:28:44Z", "ms": 2230824523584.6904 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-08T12:28:27+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-08T09:28:27Z", "ms": 2230709307491.6587 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-08T13:16:27+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-08T10:16:27Z", "ms": 2230712187491.6587 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-09T12:28:07+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-09T09:28:07Z", "ms": 2230795686671.1934 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-09T13:16:07+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-09T10:16:07Z", "ms": 2230798566671.1934 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 20:06 on Sat 8 Sep to 20:29 on Sun 9 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-08T17:06:28Z → 2040-09-09T17:28:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 8th, 12:28–13:16 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24601 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Haritālikā Vrata, Giza, 2040: Sunday 9 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "haritalika-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Haritalika vrata (paraviddha), Gauri vrata (Orissa), Gauri (Mysore)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Haritālikā Vrata (Hartalika Teej) 2040 falls on Sunday 9 September. Tṛtīyā runs from 20:06 on Sat 8 Sep to 20:29 on Sun 9 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/haritalika-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ganesha-chaturthi", "festival": "ganesha-chaturthi", "name": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25931, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-09-09T20:28:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-09T17:28:44Z", "ms": 2230824523584.6904 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-10T20:27:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-10T17:27:56Z", "ms": 2230910876307.3394 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-09T20:28:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-09T17:28:44Z", "ms": 2230824523584.6904 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-10T20:27:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-10T17:27:56Z", "ms": 2230910876307.3394 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-09T12:28:07+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-09T09:28:07Z", "ms": 2230795686671.1934 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-09T13:16:07+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-09T10:16:07Z", "ms": 2230798566671.1934 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-10T12:27:46+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-10T09:27:46Z", "ms": 2230882065704.5615 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-10T13:15:46+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-10T10:15:46Z", "ms": 2230884945704.5615 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:29 on Sun 9 Sep to 20:28 on Mon 10 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-09T17:28:44Z → 2040-09-10T17:27:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 9th, 12:28–13:16 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 25931 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Monday 10 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Varada caturthi (purvaviddha, madhyahnavyapini), Samvatsari parva (Jain-caturthi paksa), Saubhagya caturthi (Bengal), Ganesa caturthi (madhyahna vyapini and purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Gaṇeśa Caturthī 2040 falls on Monday 10 September. Caturthī runs from 20:29 on Sun 9 Sep to 20:28 on Mon 10 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ganesha-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/rishi-panchami", "festival": "rishi-panchami", "name": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24463, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2040-09-10T20:27:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-10T17:27:56Z", "ms": 2230910876307.3394 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-11T20:03:08+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-11T17:03:08Z", "ms": 2230995787557.1226 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-10T20:27:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-10T17:27:56Z", "ms": 2230910876307.3394 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-11T20:03:08+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-11T17:03:08Z", "ms": 2230995787557.1226 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-10T12:27:46+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-10T09:27:46Z", "ms": 2230882065704.5615 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-10T13:15:46+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-10T10:15:46Z", "ms": 2230884945704.5615 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-11T12:27:25+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-11T09:27:25Z", "ms": 2230968444607.979 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-11T13:15:25+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-11T10:15:25Z", "ms": 2230971324607.979 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 20:28 on Mon 10 Sep to 20:03 on Tue 11 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-10T17:27:56Z → 2040-09-11T17:03:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 10th, 12:27–13:15 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 24463 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 11 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 2040 falls on Tuesday 11 September. Pañcamī runs from 20:28 on Mon 10 Sep to 20:03 on Tue 11 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/rishi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "festival": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21472, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2040-09-11T20:03:08+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-11T17:03:08Z", "ms": 2230995787557.1226 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-12T19:12:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-12T16:12:56Z", "ms": 2231079175643.147 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-11T20:03:08+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-11T17:03:08Z", "ms": 2230995787557.1226 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-12T19:12:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-12T16:12:56Z", "ms": 2231079175643.147 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-11T12:27:25+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-11T09:27:25Z", "ms": 2230968444607.979 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-11T13:15:25+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-11T10:15:25Z", "ms": 2230971324607.979 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-12T12:27:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-12T09:27:03Z", "ms": 2231054823398.4917 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-12T13:15:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-12T10:15:03Z", "ms": 2231057703398.4917 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:03 on Tue 11 Sep to 19:13 on Wed 12 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-11T17:03:08Z → 2040-09-12T16:12:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:27–13:15 on the 11th, 12:27–13:15 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21472 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada), Giza, 2040: Wednesday 12 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Surya sasthi (paraviddha), Lolarka sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada) 2040 falls on Wednesday 12 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:03 on Tue 11 Sep to 19:13 on Wed 12 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/muktabharana-vrata", "festival": "muktabharana-vrata", "name": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16887, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2040-09-12T19:12:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-12T16:12:56Z", "ms": 2231079175643.147 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-13T17:56:09+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-13T14:56:09Z", "ms": 2231160968942.307 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-12T19:12:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-12T16:12:56Z", "ms": 2231079175643.147 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-13T17:56:09+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-13T14:56:09Z", "ms": 2231160968942.307 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-12T12:27:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-12T09:27:03Z", "ms": 2231054823398.4917 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-12T13:15:03+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-12T10:15:03Z", "ms": 2231057703398.4917 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-13T12:26:42+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-13T09:26:42Z", "ms": 2231141202092.8574 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-13T13:14:42+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-13T10:14:42Z", "ms": 2231144082092.8574 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 19:13 on Wed 12 Sep to 17:56 on Thu 13 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-12T16:12:56Z → 2040-09-13T14:56:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:27–13:15 on the 12th, 12:27–13:15 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 16887 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Thursday 13 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "muktabharana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Muktabharana vrata (purvaviddha), Lalita saptami (Bengal & Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Muktābharaṇa Vrata 2040 falls on Thursday 13 September. Saptamī runs from 19:13 on Wed 12 Sep to 17:56 on Thu 13 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/muktabharana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/radhashtami", "festival": "radhashtami", "name": "Rādhāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10685, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2040-09-13T17:56:09+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-13T14:56:09Z", "ms": 2231160968942.307 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-14T16:12:26+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-14T13:12:26Z", "ms": 2231241145697.8965 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-13T17:56:09+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-13T14:56:09Z", "ms": 2231160968942.307 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-14T16:12:26+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-14T13:12:26Z", "ms": 2231241145697.8965 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-13T12:26:42+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-13T09:26:42Z", "ms": 2231141202092.8574 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-13T13:14:42+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-13T10:14:42Z", "ms": 2231144082092.8574 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-14T12:26:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-14T09:26:21Z", "ms": 2231227580710.185 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-14T13:14:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-14T10:14:21Z", "ms": 2231230460710.185 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 17:56 on Thu 13 Sep to 16:12 on Fri 14 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-13T14:56:09Z → 2040-09-14T13:12:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:27–13:15 on the 13th, 12:26–13:14 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10685 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rādhāṣṭamī, Giza, 2040: Friday 14 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "radhashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Durvastami (purvaviddha — S 8 of saura Bhadra except Bengal), Mahalaksmi vratarambha, Radhastami (madhyahna vyapini)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Rādhāṣṭamī 2040 falls on Friday 14 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 17:56 on Thu 13 Sep to 16:12 on Fri 14 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/radhashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-09-17", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7081, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-09-16T11:30:11+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-16T08:30:11Z", "ms": 2231397011488.803 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-17T08:39:17+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-17T05:39:17Z", "ms": 2231473157189.5034 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-16T11:30:11+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-16T08:30:11Z", "ms": 2231397011488.803 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-17T08:39:17+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-17T05:39:17Z", "ms": 2231473157189.5034 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-16T06:40:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-16T03:40:44Z", "ms": 2231379644064.5625 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-16T06:40:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-16T03:40:44Z", "ms": 2231379644064.5625 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-17T06:41:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-17T03:41:16Z", "ms": 2231466076276.9155 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-17T06:41:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-17T03:41:16Z", "ms": 2231466076276.9155 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:30 on Sun 16 Sep to 08:39 on Mon 17 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-16T08:30:11Z → 2040-09-17T05:39:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:41 on the 16th and 06:41 on the 17th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 16th and is on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7081 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Monday 17 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Parivartanī Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Monday 17 September. Ekādaśī runs from 11:30 on Sun 16 Sep to 08:39 on Mon 17 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-09-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vamana-jayanti", "festival": "vamana-jayanti", "name": "Vāmana Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13559, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-09-17T08:39:17+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-17T05:39:17Z", "ms": 2231473157189.5034 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-18T05:36:38+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-18T02:36:38Z", "ms": 2231548597888.2456 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-17T08:39:17+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-17T05:39:17Z", "ms": 2231473157189.5034 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-18T05:36:38+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-18T02:36:38Z", "ms": 2231548597888.2456 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-17T12:25:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-17T09:25:16Z", "ms": 2231486716297.2676 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-17T13:13:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-17T10:13:16Z", "ms": 2231489596297.2676 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-18T12:24:55+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-18T09:24:55Z", "ms": 2231573094809.8877 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-18T13:12:55+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-18T10:12:55Z", "ms": 2231575974809.8877 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 08:39 on Mon 17 Sep to 05:37 on Tue 18 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-17T05:39:17Z → 2040-09-18T02:36:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:25–13:13 on the 17th, 12:25–13:13 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13559 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vāmana Jayantī, Giza, 2040: Monday 17 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vamana-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Visnuparivartanotsava, Sakrotthana (in any of the naksatras U. Asadha, Sravana & Dhanistha), Kalki dvadasi, Sravana dvadasi (when combined with naksatra Sravana), Vamana jayanti (madhyahna vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vāmana Jayantī 2040 falls on Monday 17 September. Dvādaśī runs from 08:39 on Mon 17 Sep to 05:37 on Tue 18 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vamana-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-09-18", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21601, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-09-18T05:36:38+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-18T02:36:38Z", "ms": 2231548597888.2456 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-19T02:30:13+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-18T23:30:13Z", "ms": 2231623812735.075 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-18T05:36:38+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-18T02:36:38Z", "ms": 2231548597888.2456 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-19T02:30:13+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-18T23:30:13Z", "ms": 2231623812735.075 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-17T18:57:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-17T15:57:16Z", "ms": 2231510236317.62 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-17T20:31:13+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-17T17:31:13Z", "ms": 2231515872613.6104 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-18T18:56:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-18T15:56:01Z", "ms": 2231596561082.2295 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-18T20:30:12+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-18T17:30:12Z", "ms": 2231602211719.739 } }, "covered_min": 94, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:37 on Tue 18 Sep to 02:30 on Wed 19 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-18T02:36:38Z → 2040-09-18T23:30:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:57–20:31 on the 17th, 18:56–20:30 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 94 minutes on the 17th and 94 of 94 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21601 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 18 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Tuesday 18 September. Trayodaśī runs from 05:37 on Tue 18 Sep to 02:30 on Wed 19 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-09-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ananta-chaturdashi", "festival": "ananta-chaturdashi", "name": "Ananta Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15128, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-09-19T02:30:13+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-18T23:30:13Z", "ms": 2231623812735.075 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-19T23:29:04+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-19T20:29:04Z", "ms": 2231699344440.2783 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-19T02:30:13+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-18T23:30:13Z", "ms": 2231623812735.075 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-19T23:29:04+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-19T20:29:04Z", "ms": 2231699344440.2783 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-19T06:42:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-19T03:42:21Z", "ms": 2231638940863.55 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-19T09:08:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-19T06:08:50Z", "ms": 2231647729859.321 } }, "covered_min": 146, "window_min": 146, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-20T06:42:53+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-20T03:42:53Z", "ms": 2231725373273.4146 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-20T09:09:01+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-20T06:09:01Z", "ms": 2231734140744.452 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 146, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 02:30 on Wed 19 Sep to 23:29 on Wed 19 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-18T23:30:13Z → 2040-09-19T20:29:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:42–09:09 on the 19th, 06:43–09:09 on the 20th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 146 of 146 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 146 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15128 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ananta Caturdaśī, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 19 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananta-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Ananta caturdasi (covering three muhurtas from sunrise, but one muhurta in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row asks for one muhūrta from sunrise; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Ananta Caturdaśī 2040 falls on Wednesday 19 September. Caturdaśī runs from 02:30 on Wed 19 Sep to 23:29 on Wed 19 Sep and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ananta-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-09-23", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19127, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-09-23T15:26:15+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-23T12:26:15Z", "ms": 2232015975282.734 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-24T15:05:38+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-24T12:05:38Z", "ms": 2232101138053.8486 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-23T15:26:15+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-23T12:26:15Z", "ms": 2232015975282.734 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-24T15:05:38+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-24T12:05:38Z", "ms": 2232101138053.8486 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-23T20:45:02+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-23T17:45:02Z", "ms": 2232035101851.0913 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-23T20:45:02+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-23T17:45:02Z", "ms": 2232035101851.0913 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-24T21:20:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-24T18:20:32Z", "ms": 2232123632216.096 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-24T21:20:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-24T18:20:32Z", "ms": 2232123632216.096 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:26 on Sun 23 Sep to 15:06 on Mon 24 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-23T12:26:15Z → 2040-09-24T12:05:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:45 on the 23rd and 21:21 on the 24th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 23rd and is not on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19127 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Sunday 23 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2040 falls on Sunday 23 September. Caturthī runs from 15:26 on Sun 23 Sep to 15:06 on Mon 24 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-09-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/chandra-shashthi", "festival": "chandra-shashthi", "name": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21387, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2040-09-25T15:32:54+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-25T12:32:54Z", "ms": 2232189174378.732 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-26T16:45:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-26T13:45:21Z", "ms": 2232279921192.4824 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-25T15:32:54+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-25T12:32:54Z", "ms": 2232189174378.732 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-26T16:45:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-26T13:45:21Z", "ms": 2232279921192.4824 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-25T21:59:12+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-25T18:59:12Z", "ms": 2232212351717.6177 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-25T21:59:12+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-25T18:59:12Z", "ms": 2232212351717.6177 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-26T22:41:48+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-26T19:41:48Z", "ms": 2232301308430.481 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-26T22:41:48+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-26T19:41:48Z", "ms": 2232301308430.481 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 15:33 on Tue 25 Sep to 16:45 on Wed 26 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-25T12:32:54Z → 2040-09-26T13:45:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:59 on the 25th and 22:42 on the 26th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 25th and is not on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 21387 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 25 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chandra-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Candra sasthi (Sasthi current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Candra Ṣaṣṭhī 2040 falls on Tuesday 25 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 15:33 on Tue 25 Sep to 16:45 on Wed 26 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/chandra-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "festival": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "name": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12436, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2040-09-27T18:35:37+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-27T15:35:37Z", "ms": 2232372936776.807 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-28T20:52:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-28T17:52:16Z", "ms": 2232467535903.755 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-27T18:35:37+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-27T15:35:37Z", "ms": 2232372936776.807 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-28T20:52:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-28T17:52:16Z", "ms": 2232467535903.755 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-27T23:28:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-27T20:28:41Z", "ms": 2232390521495.574 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-27T23:28:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-27T20:28:41Z", "ms": 2232390521495.574 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-29T00:19:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-28T21:19:32Z", "ms": 2232479971578.587 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-29T00:19:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-28T21:19:32Z", "ms": 2232479971578.587 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 18:36 on Thu 27 Sep to 20:52 on Fri 28 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-27T15:35:37Z → 2040-09-28T17:52:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:29 on the 27th and 00:20 on the 28th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 27th and is not on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12436 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana, Giza, 2040: Thursday 27 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana 2040 falls on Thursday 27 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 18:36 on Thu 27 Sep to 20:52 on Fri 28 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/jitashtami", "festival": "jitashtami", "name": "Jitāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Jitiya", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-09-28", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 551, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2040-09-27T18:35:37+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-27T15:35:37Z", "ms": 2232372936776.807 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-28T20:52:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-28T17:52:16Z", "ms": 2232467535903.755 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-09-27T18:35:37+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-27T15:35:37Z", "ms": 2232372936776.807 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-28T20:52:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-28T17:52:16Z", "ms": 2232467535903.755 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-27T18:44:47+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-27T15:44:47Z", "ms": 2232373487377.6455 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-27T20:21:07+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-27T17:21:07Z", "ms": 2232379267433.0703 } }, "covered_min": 96, "window_min": 96, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-09-28T18:43:33+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-28T15:43:33Z", "ms": 2232459813440.7646 }, "end": { "local": "2040-09-28T20:20:08+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-28T17:20:08Z", "ms": 2232465607882.7495 } }, "covered_min": 97, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 18:36 on Thu 27 Sep to 20:52 on Fri 28 Sep.", "fact": "2040-09-27T15:35:37Z → 2040-09-28T17:52:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:45–20:21 on the 27th, 18:44–20:20 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 96 of 96 minutes on the 27th and 97 of 97 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 551 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jitāṣṭamī, Giza, 2040: Friday 28 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "jitashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-28", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-09-27", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Jitāṣṭamī (Jitiya) 2040 falls on Friday 28 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 18:36 on Thu 27 Sep to 20:52 on Fri 28 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 96 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/jitashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-10-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Indirā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-10-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10057, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-10-01T01:48:45+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-30T22:48:45Z", "ms": 2232658125228.2964 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-02T04:01:58+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-02T01:01:58Z", "ms": 2232752517923.227 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-10-01T01:48:45+03:00", "utc": "2040-09-30T22:48:45Z", "ms": 2232658125228.2964 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-02T04:01:58+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-02T01:01:58Z", "ms": 2232752517923.227 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-01T06:49:00+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-01T03:49:00Z", "ms": 2232676140424.622 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-01T06:49:00+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-01T03:49:00Z", "ms": 2232676140424.622 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-10-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-02T06:49:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-02T03:49:35Z", "ms": 2232762575153.241 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-02T06:49:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-02T03:49:35Z", "ms": 2232762575153.241 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 01:49 on Mon 1 Oct to 04:02 on Tue 2 Oct.", "fact": "2040-09-30T22:48:45Z → 2040-10-02T01:01:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:49 on the 1st and 06:50 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 1st and is not on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 10057 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Indirā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Monday 1 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Indirā Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Monday 1 October. Ekādaśī runs from 01:49 on Mon 1 Oct to 04:02 on Tue 2 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-10-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-10-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-10-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34543, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-10-03T05:51:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-03T02:51:56Z", "ms": 2232845516234.573 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-04T07:13:23+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-04T04:13:23Z", "ms": 2232936803173.6626 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-10-03T05:51:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-03T02:51:56Z", "ms": 2232845516234.573 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-04T07:13:23+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-04T04:13:23Z", "ms": 2232936803173.6626 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-10-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-02T18:38:41+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-02T15:38:41Z", "ms": 2232805120849.8975 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-02T20:16:13+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-02T17:16:13Z", "ms": 2232810972757.6577 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-10-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-03T18:37:29+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-03T15:37:29Z", "ms": 2232891448627.645 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-03T20:15:15+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-03T17:15:15Z", "ms": 2232897314870.41 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:52 on Wed 3 Oct to 07:13 on Thu 4 Oct.", "fact": "2040-10-03T02:51:56Z → 2040-10-04T04:13:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:39–20:16 on the 2nd, 18:37–20:15 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 98 minutes on the 2nd and 98 of 98 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34543 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 3 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Wednesday 3 October. Trayodaśī runs from 05:52 on Wed 3 Oct to 07:13 on Thu 4 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-10-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-10-04", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-10-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21916, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-10-04T07:13:23+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-04T04:13:23Z", "ms": 2232936803173.6626 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-05T08:04:29+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-05T05:04:29Z", "ms": 2233026268626.8184 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-10-04T07:13:23+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-04T04:13:23Z", "ms": 2232936803173.6626 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-05T08:04:29+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-05T05:04:29Z", "ms": 2233026268626.8184 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-10-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-04T00:20:07+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-03T21:20:07Z", "ms": 2232912007038.0146 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-04T01:08:07+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-03T22:08:07Z", "ms": 2232914887038.0146 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-05T00:19:49+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-04T21:19:49Z", "ms": 2232998388930.8613 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-05T01:07:49+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-04T22:07:49Z", "ms": 2233001268930.8613 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 07:13 on Thu 4 Oct to 08:04 on Fri 5 Oct.", "fact": "2040-10-04T04:13:23Z → 2040-10-05T05:04:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:20–01:08 on the 3rd, 00:20–01:08 on the 4th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21916 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2040: Thursday 4 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2040 falls on Thursday 4 October. Caturdaśī runs from 07:13 on Thu 4 Oct to 08:04 on Fri 5 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-10-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/mahalaya-amavasya", "festival": "mahalaya-amavasya", "name": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā", "everyday": "Sarvapitṛ Amāvāsyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-10-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19630, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2040-10-05T08:04:29+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-05T05:04:29Z", "ms": 2233026268626.8184 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-06T08:25:58+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-06T05:25:58Z", "ms": 2233113957614.044 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-10-05T08:04:29+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-05T05:04:29Z", "ms": 2233026268626.8184 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-06T08:25:58+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-06T05:25:58Z", "ms": 2233113957614.044 } }, "kaala": "aparahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-10-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-05T13:53:36+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-05T10:53:36Z", "ms": 2233047215701.5293 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-05T16:14:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-05T13:14:21Z", "ms": 2233055660591.1973 } }, "covered_min": 141, "window_min": 141, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-06T13:53:08+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-06T10:53:08Z", "ms": 2233133587532.477 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-06T16:13:31+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-06T13:13:31Z", "ms": 2233142011070.5806 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 140, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 08:04 on Fri 5 Oct to 08:26 on Sat 6 Oct.", "fact": "2040-10-05T05:04:29Z → 2040-10-06T05:25:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aparāhṇa is 10th to 12th of 15 day muhūrtas: 13:54–16:14 on the 5th, 13:53–16:14 on the 6th.", "fact": "aparahna: day-muhurta-10-12 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during aparāhṇa. It covers 141 of 141 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 140 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19630 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā, Giza, 2040: Friday 5 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalaya-amavasya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Mahalaya amavasya (aparahnavyapini)" } ], "not_evaluated": "The note on p. 106 gives the first day in a decreasing tithimāna and the second in an increasing one, when amāvāsyā covers the whole of aparāhṇa on both days; tithimāna is not computed.", "kaala": "aparahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mahālaya Amāvāsyā 2040 falls on Friday 5 October. Amāvasyā runs from 08:04 on Fri 5 Oct to 08:26 on Sat 6 Oct and covers all of aparāhṇa that afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/mahalaya-amavasya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/navaratra-arambha", "festival": "navaratra-arambha", "name": "Navarātrārambha", "everyday": "Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-10-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13978, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2040-10-06T08:25:58+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-06T05:25:58Z", "ms": 2233113957614.044 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-07T08:20:10+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-07T05:20:10Z", "ms": 2233200009516.8184 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-10-06T08:25:58+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-06T05:25:58Z", "ms": 2233113957614.044 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-07T08:20:10+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-07T05:20:10Z", "ms": 2233200009516.8184 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-06T12:18:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-06T09:18:56Z", "ms": 2233127935763.425 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-06T13:06:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-06T10:06:56Z", "ms": 2233130815763.425 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-07T12:18:39+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-07T09:18:39Z", "ms": 2233214318675.3545 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-07T13:06:39+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-07T10:06:39Z", "ms": 2233217198675.3545 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 08:26 on Sat 6 Oct to 08:20 on Sun 7 Oct.", "fact": "2040-10-06T05:25:58Z → 2040-10-07T05:20:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:19–13:07 on the 6th, 12:19–13:07 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13978 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha, Giza, 2040: Saturday 6 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Navarātrārambha (Navratri) 2040 falls on Saturday 6 October. Pratipadā runs from 08:26 on Sat 6 Oct to 08:20 on Sun 7 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/navaratra-arambha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-10-09", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-10-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19169, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-10-09T06:58:37+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-09T03:58:37Z", "ms": 2233367916919.1006 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-10T05:48:23+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-10T02:48:23Z", "ms": 2233450103440.494 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-10-09T06:58:37+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-09T03:58:37Z", "ms": 2233367916919.1006 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-10T05:48:23+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-10T02:48:23Z", "ms": 2233450103440.494 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-09T12:18:06+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-09T09:18:06Z", "ms": 2233387085778.617 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-09T13:06:06+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-09T10:06:06Z", "ms": 2233389965778.617 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-10T12:17:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-10T09:17:50Z", "ms": 2233473470001.503 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-10T13:05:50+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-10T10:05:50Z", "ms": 2233476350001.503 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:59 on Tue 9 Oct to 05:48 on Wed 10 Oct.", "fact": "2040-10-09T03:58:37Z → 2040-10-10T02:48:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:18–13:06 on the 9th, 12:18–13:06 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19169 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 9 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2040 falls on Tuesday 9 October. Caturthī runs from 06:59 on Tue 9 Oct to 05:48 on Wed 10 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-10-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/durga-saptami", "festival": "durga-saptami", "name": "Durgā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-10-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15380, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2040-10-12T02:39:19+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-11T23:39:19Z", "ms": 2233611558639.0166 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-13T00:43:39+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-12T21:43:39Z", "ms": 2233691018785.0693 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-10-12T02:39:19+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-11T23:39:19Z", "ms": 2233611558639.0166 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-13T00:43:39+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-12T21:43:39Z", "ms": 2233691018785.0693 } }, "kaala": "udaya-1", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-10-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-12T06:55:39+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-12T03:55:39Z", "ms": 2233626938909.532 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-12T07:41:44+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-12T04:41:44Z", "ms": 2233629704370.889 } }, "covered_min": 46, "window_min": 46, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-10-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-13T06:56:17+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-13T03:56:17Z", "ms": 2233713377071.063 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-13T07:42:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-13T04:42:16Z", "ms": 2233716135534.69 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 46, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 02:39 on Fri 12 Oct to 00:44 on Sat 13 Oct.", "fact": "2040-10-11T23:39:19Z → 2040-10-12T21:43:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first muhūrta after sunrise is 1st of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:56–07:42 on the 12th, 06:56–07:42 on the 13th.", "fact": "udaya-1: day-muhurta-1-1 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must hold through the first muhūrta after sunrise. It covers 46 of 46 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 46 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15380 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Saptamī, Giza, 2040: Friday 12 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Durga saptami (paraviddha) — covering one muhurta from sunrise" } ], "kaala": "udaya-1", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Durgā Saptamī 2040 falls on Friday 12 October. Saptamī runs from 02:39 on Fri 12 Oct to 00:44 on Sat 13 Oct and covers all of the first muhūrta after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/durga-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/mahashtami", "festival": "mahashtami", "name": "Mahāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Durga Ashtami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-10-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34271, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2040-10-13T00:43:39+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-12T21:43:39Z", "ms": 2233691018785.0693 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-13T22:36:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-13T19:36:16Z", "ms": 2233769776412.583 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-10-13T00:43:39+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-12T21:43:39Z", "ms": 2233691018785.0693 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-13T22:36:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-13T19:36:16Z", "ms": 2233769776412.583 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-10-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-12T12:17:20+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-12T09:17:20Z", "ms": 2233646239869.7104 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-12T13:05:20+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-12T10:05:20Z", "ms": 2233649119869.7104 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-10-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-13T12:17:06+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-13T09:17:06Z", "ms": 2233732625548.264 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-13T13:05:06+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-13T10:05:06Z", "ms": 2233735505548.264 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 00:44 on Sat 13 Oct to 22:36 on Sat 13 Oct.", "fact": "2040-10-12T21:43:39Z → 2040-10-13T19:36:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:17–13:05 on the 12th, 12:17–13:05 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34271 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāṣṭamī, Giza, 2040: Saturday 13 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 2040 falls on Saturday 13 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 00:44 on Sat 13 Oct to 22:36 on Sat 13 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/mahashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/mahanavami", "festival": "mahanavami", "name": "Mahānavamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-10-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26091, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2040-10-13T22:36:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-13T19:36:16Z", "ms": 2233769776412.583 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-14T20:19:43+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-14T17:19:43Z", "ms": 2233847983134.099 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-10-13T22:36:16+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-13T19:36:16Z", "ms": 2233769776412.583 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-14T20:19:43+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-14T17:19:43Z", "ms": 2233847983134.099 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-10-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-13T12:17:06+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-13T09:17:06Z", "ms": 2233732625548.264 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-13T13:05:06+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-13T10:05:06Z", "ms": 2233735505548.264 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-14T12:16:52+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-14T09:16:52Z", "ms": 2233819011746.3643 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-14T13:04:52+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-14T10:04:52Z", "ms": 2233821891746.3643 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 22:36 on Sat 13 Oct to 20:20 on Sun 14 Oct.", "fact": "2040-10-13T19:36:16Z → 2040-10-14T17:19:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:17–13:05 on the 13th, 12:17–13:05 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26091 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahānavamī, Giza, 2040: Sunday 14 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahanavami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Mahanavami (purvaviddha) (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha covering one muhurta from sunrise)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mahānavamī 2040 falls on Sunday 14 October. Navamī runs from 22:36 on Sat 13 Oct to 20:20 on Sun 14 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/mahanavami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vijaya-dashami", "festival": "vijaya-dashami", "name": "Vijayā Daśamī", "everyday": "Dussehra", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-10-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6895, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 9, "key": "dashami", "name": "Daśamī", "start": { "local": "2040-10-14T20:19:43+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-14T17:19:43Z", "ms": 2233847983134.099 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-15T17:57:27+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-15T14:57:27Z", "ms": 2233925846870.608 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "conjunction", "start": { "local": "2040-10-14T20:19:43+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-14T17:19:43Z", "ms": 2233847983134.099 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-15T09:23:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-15T06:23:21Z", "ms": 2233895001096.211 }, "nakshatra": { "type": "nakshatra", "index": 21, "key": "shravana", "name": "Śravaṇa", "start": { "local": "2040-10-14T10:59:28+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-14T07:59:28Z", "ms": 2233814368397.704 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-15T09:23:21+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-15T06:23:21Z", "ms": 2233895001096.211 } } }, "kaala": "daytime", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-14T06:56:56+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-14T03:56:56Z", "ms": 2233799815579.667 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-14T18:24:48+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-14T15:24:48Z", "ms": 2233841087913.0615 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 688, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-15T06:57:34+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-15T03:57:34Z", "ms": 2233886254442.211 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-15T18:23:43+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-15T15:23:43Z", "ms": 2233927422522.62 } }, "covered_min": 146, "window_min": 686, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Daśamī runs from 20:20 on Sun 14 Oct to 17:57 on Mon 15 Oct, and Śravaṇa from 10:59 on Sun 14 Oct to 09:23 on Mon 15 Oct. They are together from 20:20 on Sun 14 Oct to 09:23 on Mon 15 Oct.", "fact": "2040-10-14T17:19:43Z → 2040-10-15T06:23:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day time is sunrise to sunset: 06:57–18:25 on the 14th, 06:58–18:24 on the 15th.", "fact": "daytime: sunrise-to-sunset · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Where Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time, that day is taken. Together they cover 0 of 688 minutes on the 14th and 146 of 686 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6895 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Daśamī, Giza, 2040: Monday 15 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vijaya-dashami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 10 Vijaya dasami (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha, covering one muhurta from sunrise. In other places, if it touches Sravana naksatra in the day time it is observed on that day), Sarasvati visarjana (to be observed in naksatra Sravana), Dasahara." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day", "conjunction": { "nakshatra": "Śravaṇa", "kaala": "daytime" } }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vijayā Daśamī (Dussehra) 2040 falls on Monday 15 October. Daśamī runs from 20:20 on Sun 14 Oct to 17:57 on Mon 15 Oct and is with Śravaṇa in the day time that day, for 146 minutes.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vijaya-dashami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-10-16", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-10-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30945, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-10-15T17:57:27+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-15T14:57:27Z", "ms": 2233925846870.608 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-16T15:33:59+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-16T12:33:59Z", "ms": 2234003639159.8843 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-10-15T17:57:27+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-15T14:57:27Z", "ms": 2233925846870.608 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-16T15:33:59+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-16T12:33:59Z", "ms": 2234003639159.8843 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-15T06:57:34+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-15T03:57:34Z", "ms": 2233886254442.211 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-15T06:57:34+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-15T03:57:34Z", "ms": 2233886254442.211 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-10-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-16T06:58:14+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-16T03:58:14Z", "ms": 2233972693666.519 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-16T06:58:14+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-16T03:58:14Z", "ms": 2233972693666.519 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 17:57 on Mon 15 Oct to 15:34 on Tue 16 Oct.", "fact": "2040-10-15T14:57:27Z → 2040-10-16T12:33:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:58 on the 15th and 06:58 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 15th and is on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30945 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 16 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Tuesday 16 October. Ekādaśī runs from 17:57 on Mon 15 Oct to 15:34 on Tue 16 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-10-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-10-17", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-10-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18401, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-10-17T13:14:53+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-17T10:14:53Z", "ms": 2234081693048.795 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-18T11:06:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-18T08:06:32Z", "ms": 2234160392240.4424 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-10-17T13:14:53+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-17T10:14:53Z", "ms": 2234081693048.795 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-18T11:06:32+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-18T08:06:32Z", "ms": 2234160392240.4424 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-10-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-17T18:21:34+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-17T15:21:34Z", "ms": 2234100094030.3955 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-17T20:02:38+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-17T17:02:38Z", "ms": 2234106157924.501 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-18T18:20:31+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-18T15:20:31Z", "ms": 2234186430990.9814 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-18T20:01:49+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-18T17:01:49Z", "ms": 2234192508672.2944 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:15 on Wed 17 Oct to 11:07 on Thu 18 Oct.", "fact": "2040-10-17T10:14:53Z → 2040-10-18T08:06:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:22–20:03 on the 17th, 18:21–20:02 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 101 of 101 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 101 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18401 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 17 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Wednesday 17 October. Trayodaśī runs from 13:15 on Wed 17 Oct to 11:07 on Thu 18 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-10-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/karaka-chaturthi", "festival": "karaka-chaturthi", "name": "Karaka Caturthī", "everyday": "Karwa Chauth", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-10-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39967, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-10-23T06:58:42+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-23T03:58:42Z", "ms": 2234577521941.227 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-24T08:00:29+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-24T05:00:29Z", "ms": 2234667628844.006 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-10-23T06:58:42+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-23T03:58:42Z", "ms": 2234577521941.227 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-24T08:00:29+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-24T05:00:29Z", "ms": 2234667628844.006 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-22T19:52:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-22T16:52:35Z", "ms": 2234537554745.007 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-22T19:52:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-22T16:52:35Z", "ms": 2234537554745.007 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-23T20:33:55+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-23T17:33:55Z", "ms": 2234626434792.6523 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-23T20:33:55+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-23T17:33:55Z", "ms": 2234626434792.6523 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:59 on Tue 23 Oct to 08:00 on Wed 24 Oct.", "fact": "2040-10-23T03:58:42Z → 2040-10-24T05:00:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:53 on the 22nd and 20:34 on the 23rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 22nd and is on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 39967 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Karaka Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 23 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "karaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Karaka caturthi (current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Karaka Caturthī (Karwa Chauth) 2040 falls on Tuesday 23 October. Caturthī runs from 06:59 on Tue 23 Oct to 08:00 on Wed 24 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/karaka-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-10-23", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-10-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39967, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-10-23T06:58:42+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-23T03:58:42Z", "ms": 2234577521941.227 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-24T08:00:29+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-24T05:00:29Z", "ms": 2234667628844.006 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-10-23T06:58:42+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-23T03:58:42Z", "ms": 2234577521941.227 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-24T08:00:29+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-24T05:00:29Z", "ms": 2234667628844.006 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-22T19:52:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-22T16:52:35Z", "ms": 2234537554745.007 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-22T19:52:35+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-22T16:52:35Z", "ms": 2234537554745.007 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-23T20:33:55+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-23T17:33:55Z", "ms": 2234626434792.6523 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-23T20:33:55+03:00", "utc": "2040-10-23T17:33:55Z", "ms": 2234626434792.6523 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:59 on Tue 23 Oct to 08:00 on Wed 24 Oct.", "fact": "2040-10-23T03:58:42Z → 2040-10-24T05:00:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:53 on the 22nd and 20:34 on the 23rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 22nd and is on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 39967 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 23 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2040 falls on Tuesday 23 October. Caturthī runs from 06:59 on Tue 23 Oct to 08:00 on Wed 24 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-10-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ahoyi-ashtami", "festival": "ahoyi-ashtami", "name": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-10-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29565, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2040-10-27T13:11:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-27T11:11:48Z", "ms": 2234949107945.1743 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-28T15:41:22+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-28T13:41:22Z", "ms": 2235044481924.615 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-10-27T13:11:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-27T11:11:48Z", "ms": 2234949107945.1743 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-28T15:41:22+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-28T13:41:22Z", "ms": 2235044481924.615 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-27T22:58:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-27T20:58:02Z", "ms": 2234984281701.5522 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-27T22:58:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-27T20:58:02Z", "ms": 2234984281701.5522 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-28T23:54:07+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-28T21:54:07Z", "ms": 2235074046703.163 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-28T23:54:07+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-28T21:54:07Z", "ms": 2235074046703.163 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 13:12 on Sat 27 Oct to 15:41 on Sun 28 Oct.", "fact": "2040-10-27T11:11:48Z → 2040-10-28T13:41:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:58 on the 27th and 23:54 on the 28th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 27th and is not on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29565 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī, Giza, 2040: Saturday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ahoyi-ashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Ahoyi astami (Gujerat) (current at moonrise), Karastami (Maharashtra). If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Ahoyī Aṣṭamī 2040 falls on Saturday 27 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 13:12 on Sat 27 Oct to 15:41 on Sun 28 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ahoyi-ashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-10-31", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ramā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-10-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31546, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-10-30T19:58:16+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-30T17:58:16Z", "ms": 2235232696041.4463 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-31T21:23:50+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-31T19:23:50Z", "ms": 2235324230159.5894 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-10-30T19:58:16+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-30T17:58:16Z", "ms": 2235232696041.4463 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-31T21:23:50+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-31T19:23:50Z", "ms": 2235324230159.5894 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-31T06:08:51+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-31T04:08:51Z", "ms": 2235269330525.3276 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-31T06:08:51+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-31T04:08:51Z", "ms": 2235269330525.3276 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-01T06:09:36+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-01T04:09:36Z", "ms": 2235355776312.942 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-01T06:09:36+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-01T04:09:36Z", "ms": 2235355776312.942 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 19:58 on Tue 30 Oct to 21:24 on Wed 31 Oct.", "fact": "2040-10-30T17:58:16Z → 2040-10-31T19:23:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:09 on the 31st and 06:10 on the 1st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 31st and is not on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31546 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ramā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 31 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Ramā Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Wednesday 31 October. Ekādaśī runs from 19:58 on Tue 30 Oct to 21:24 on Wed 31 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-10-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/govatsa-dvadashi", "festival": "govatsa-dvadashi", "name": "Govatsa Dvādaśī", "everyday": "Vasu Baras", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9080, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 26, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-10-31T21:23:50+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-31T19:23:50Z", "ms": 2235324230159.5894 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-01T22:12:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-01T20:12:24Z", "ms": 2235413543754.1313 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-10-31T21:23:50+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-31T19:23:50Z", "ms": 2235324230159.5894 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-01T22:12:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-01T20:12:24Z", "ms": 2235413543754.1313 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-10-31T17:08:20+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-31T15:08:20Z", "ms": 2235308899664.9023 }, "end": { "local": "2040-10-31T18:52:30+02:00", "utc": "2040-10-31T16:52:30Z", "ms": 2235315149884.641 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-01T17:07:31+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-01T15:07:31Z", "ms": 2235395251223.4136 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-01T18:51:54+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-01T16:51:54Z", "ms": 2235401514058.7437 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 21:24 on Wed 31 Oct to 22:12 on Thu 1 Nov.", "fact": "2040-10-31T19:23:50Z → 2040-11-01T20:12:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:08–18:52 on the 31st, 17:08–18:52 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 104 minutes on the 31st and 104 of 104 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 9080 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govatsa Dvādaśī, Giza, 2040: Thursday 1 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govatsa-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 12 Govatsa dvadasi (pradosa vyapini). If occurs on two days, it is to be observed on the first day." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vasu Baras) 2040 falls on Thursday 1 November. Dvādaśī runs from 21:24 on Wed 31 Oct to 22:12 on Thu 1 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/govatsa-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/yama-dipadana", "festival": "yama-dipadana", "name": "Yama Dīpadāna", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12030, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-11-01T22:12:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-01T20:12:24Z", "ms": 2235413543754.1313 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-02T22:22:28+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-02T20:22:28Z", "ms": 2235500547525.586 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-01T22:12:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-01T20:12:24Z", "ms": 2235413543754.1313 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-02T22:22:28+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-02T20:22:28Z", "ms": 2235500547525.586 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-01T17:07:31+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-01T15:07:31Z", "ms": 2235395251223.4136 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-01T18:51:54+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-01T16:51:54Z", "ms": 2235401514058.7437 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-02T17:06:44+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-02T15:06:44Z", "ms": 2235481604035.48 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-02T18:51:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-02T16:51:19Z", "ms": 2235487879369.27 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:12 on Thu 1 Nov to 22:22 on Fri 2 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-01T20:12:24Z → 2040-11-02T20:22:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:08–18:52 on the 1st, 17:07–18:51 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 104 minutes on the 1st and 105 of 105 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12030 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dīpadāna, Giza, 2040: Friday 2 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dipadana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 13 Yama dipadana (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Yama Dīpadāna 2040 falls on Friday 2 November. Trayodaśī runs from 22:12 on Thu 1 Nov to 22:22 on Fri 2 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/yama-dipadana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-11-02", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12030, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-11-01T22:12:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-01T20:12:24Z", "ms": 2235413543754.1313 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-02T22:22:28+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-02T20:22:28Z", "ms": 2235500547525.586 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-01T22:12:24+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-01T20:12:24Z", "ms": 2235413543754.1313 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-02T22:22:28+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-02T20:22:28Z", "ms": 2235500547525.586 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-01T17:07:31+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-01T15:07:31Z", "ms": 2235395251223.4136 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-01T18:51:54+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-01T16:51:54Z", "ms": 2235401514058.7437 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-02T17:06:44+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-02T15:06:44Z", "ms": 2235481604035.48 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-02T18:51:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-02T16:51:19Z", "ms": 2235487879369.27 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:12 on Thu 1 Nov to 22:22 on Fri 2 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-01T20:12:24Z → 2040-11-02T20:22:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:08–18:52 on the 1st, 17:07–18:51 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 104 minutes on the 1st and 105 of 105 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12030 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Friday 2 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Friday 2 November. Trayodaśī runs from 22:12 on Thu 1 Nov to 22:22 on Fri 2 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-11-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-11-02", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3149, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-11-02T22:22:28+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-02T20:22:28Z", "ms": 2235500547525.586 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-03T21:55:42+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-03T19:55:42Z", "ms": 2235585341974.8657 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-02T22:22:28+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-02T20:22:28Z", "ms": 2235500547525.586 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-03T21:55:42+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-03T19:55:42Z", "ms": 2235585341974.8657 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-02T23:14:57+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-02T21:14:57Z", "ms": 2235503696537.1934 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-03T00:02:57+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-02T22:02:57Z", "ms": 2235506576537.1934 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-03T23:14:57+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-03T21:14:57Z", "ms": 2235590097037.699 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-04T00:02:57+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-03T22:02:57Z", "ms": 2235592977037.699 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:22 on Fri 2 Nov to 21:56 on Sat 3 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-02T20:22:28Z → 2040-11-03T19:55:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:15–00:03 on the 2nd, 23:15–00:03 on the 3rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3149 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2040: Friday 2 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2040 falls on Friday 2 November. Caturdaśī runs from 22:22 on Fri 2 Nov to 21:56 on Sat 3 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-11-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/naraka-chaturdashi", "festival": "naraka-chaturdashi", "name": "Naraka Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Choti Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21846, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-11-02T22:22:28+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-02T20:22:28Z", "ms": 2235500547525.586 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-03T21:55:42+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-03T19:55:42Z", "ms": 2235585341974.8657 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-02T22:22:28+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-02T20:22:28Z", "ms": 2235500547525.586 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-03T21:55:42+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-03T19:55:42Z", "ms": 2235585341974.8657 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-03T04:26:34+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-03T02:26:34Z", "ms": 2235522393705.116 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-03T06:11:09+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-03T04:11:09Z", "ms": 2235528669038.9062 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-04T04:27:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T02:27:08Z", "ms": 2235608828239.8975 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-04T06:11:56+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T04:11:56Z", "ms": 2235615115949.788 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:22 on Fri 2 Nov to 21:56 on Sat 3 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-02T20:22:28Z → 2040-11-03T19:55:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 04:27–06:11 on the 3rd, 04:27–06:12 on the 4th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 105 of 105 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 105 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 21846 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Naraka Caturdaśī, Giza, 2040: Saturday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naraka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Naraka caturdasi (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Naraka Caturdaśī (Choti Diwali) 2040 falls on Saturday 3 November. Caturdaśī runs from 22:22 on Fri 2 Nov to 21:56 on Sat 3 Nov and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/naraka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/kali-puja", "festival": "kali-puja", "name": "Kālī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4755, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2040-11-03T21:55:42+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-03T19:55:42Z", "ms": 2235585341974.8657 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-04T20:56:03+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T18:56:03Z", "ms": 2235668162998.395 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-03T21:55:42+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-03T19:55:42Z", "ms": 2235585341974.8657 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-04T20:56:03+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T18:56:03Z", "ms": 2235668162998.395 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-03T23:14:57+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-03T21:14:57Z", "ms": 2235590097037.699 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-04T00:02:57+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-03T22:02:57Z", "ms": 2235592977037.699 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-04T23:14:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T21:14:58Z", "ms": 2235676498360.8213 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-05T00:02:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T22:02:58Z", "ms": 2235679378360.8213 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 21:56 on Sat 3 Nov to 20:56 on Sun 4 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-03T19:55:42Z → 2040-11-04T18:56:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:15–00:03 on the 3rd, 23:15–00:03 on the 4th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4755 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kālī Pūjā, Giza, 2040: Saturday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kālī Pūjā 2040 falls on Saturday 3 November. Amāvasyā runs from 21:56 on Sat 3 Nov to 20:56 on Sun 4 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/kali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "festival": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "name": "Lakṣmī Pūjā", "everyday": "Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7550, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2040-11-03T21:55:42+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-03T19:55:42Z", "ms": 2235585341974.8657 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-04T20:56:03+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T18:56:03Z", "ms": 2235668162998.395 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-03T21:55:42+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-03T19:55:42Z", "ms": 2235585341974.8657 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-04T20:56:03+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T18:56:03Z", "ms": 2235668162998.395 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-03T17:05:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-03T15:05:58Z", "ms": 2235567958125.61 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-03T18:50:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-03T16:50:46Z", "ms": 2235574245835.5005 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-04T17:05:14+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T15:05:14Z", "ms": 2235654313517.2783 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-04T18:50:13+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T16:50:13Z", "ms": 2235660613475.5566 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 21:56 on Sat 3 Nov to 20:56 on Sun 4 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-03T19:55:42Z → 2040-11-04T18:56:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:06–18:51 on the 3rd, 17:05–18:50 on the 4th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 105 minutes on the 3rd and 105 of 105 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7550 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pūjā, Giza, 2040: Sunday 4 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali) 2040 falls on Sunday 4 November. Amāvasyā runs from 21:56 on Sat 3 Nov to 20:56 on Sun 4 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/govardhana-puja", "festival": "govardhana-puja", "name": "Govardhana Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26772, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2040-11-04T20:56:03+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T18:56:03Z", "ms": 2235668162998.395 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-05T19:28:49+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-05T17:28:49Z", "ms": 2235749328791.2744 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-04T20:56:03+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T18:56:03Z", "ms": 2235668162998.395 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-05T19:28:49+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-05T17:28:49Z", "ms": 2235749328791.2744 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-04T11:14:35+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T09:14:35Z", "ms": 2235633274733.533 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-04T12:02:35+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T10:02:35Z", "ms": 2235636154733.533 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-05T11:14:37+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-05T09:14:37Z", "ms": 2235719676718.665 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-05T12:02:37+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-05T10:02:37Z", "ms": 2235722556718.665 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 20:56 on Sun 4 Nov to 19:29 on Mon 5 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-04T18:56:03Z → 2040-11-05T17:28:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:15–12:03 on the 4th, 11:15–12:03 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26772 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govardhana Pūjā, Giza, 2040: Monday 5 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govardhana-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Govardhana Pūjā 2040 falls on Monday 5 November. Pratipadā runs from 20:56 on Sun 4 Nov to 19:29 on Mon 5 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/govardhana-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/bali-puja", "festival": "bali-puja", "name": "Bali Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2346, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2040-11-04T20:56:03+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T18:56:03Z", "ms": 2235668162998.395 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-05T19:28:49+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-05T17:28:49Z", "ms": 2235749328791.2744 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-04T20:56:03+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T18:56:03Z", "ms": 2235668162998.395 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-05T19:28:49+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-05T17:28:49Z", "ms": 2235749328791.2744 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-04T17:05:14+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T15:05:14Z", "ms": 2235654313517.2783 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-04T18:50:13+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T16:50:13Z", "ms": 2235660613475.5566 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-05T17:04:30+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-05T15:04:30Z", "ms": 2235740670232.9653 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-05T18:49:42+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-05T16:49:42Z", "ms": 2235746982306.4453 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 20:56 on Sun 4 Nov to 19:29 on Mon 5 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-04T18:56:03Z → 2040-11-05T17:28:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:05–18:50 on the 4th, 17:05–18:50 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 105 minutes on the 4th and 105 of 105 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2346 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bali Pūjā, Giza, 2040: Monday 5 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Bali Pūjā 2040 falls on Monday 5 November. Pratipadā runs from 20:56 on Sun 4 Nov to 19:29 on Mon 5 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/bali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/dyuta-pratipad", "festival": "dyuta-pratipad", "name": "Dyūta Pratipad", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33400, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2040-11-04T20:56:03+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T18:56:03Z", "ms": 2235668162998.395 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-05T19:28:49+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-05T17:28:49Z", "ms": 2235749328791.2744 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-04T20:56:03+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-04T18:56:03Z", "ms": 2235668162998.395 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-05T19:28:49+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-05T17:28:49Z", "ms": 2235749328791.2744 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-05T06:12:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-05T04:12:43Z", "ms": 2235701563204.3647 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-05T09:49:59+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-05T07:49:59Z", "ms": 2235714598880.565 } }, "covered_min": 217, "window_min": 217, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-06T06:13:31+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-06T04:13:31Z", "ms": 2235788010784.0664 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-06T09:50:17+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-06T07:50:17Z", "ms": 2235801016620.823 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 217, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 20:56 on Sun 4 Nov to 19:29 on Mon 5 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-04T18:56:03Z → 2040-11-05T17:28:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:13–09:50 on the 5th, 06:14–09:50 on the 6th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 217 of 217 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 217 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33400 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dyūta Pratipad, Giza, 2040: Monday 5 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dyuta-pratipad", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Dyūta Pratipad 2040 falls on Monday 5 November. Pratipadā runs from 20:56 on Sun 4 Nov to 19:29 on Mon 5 Nov and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/dyuta-pratipad", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/yama-dvitiya", "festival": "yama-dvitiya", "name": "Yama Dvitīyā", "everyday": "Bhai Dooj", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20236, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2040-11-05T19:28:49+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-05T17:28:49Z", "ms": 2235749328791.2744 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-06T17:39:56+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-06T15:39:56Z", "ms": 2235829195838.459 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-05T19:28:49+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-05T17:28:49Z", "ms": 2235749328791.2744 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-06T17:39:56+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-06T15:39:56Z", "ms": 2235829195838.459 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-05T11:14:37+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-05T09:14:37Z", "ms": 2235719676718.665 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-05T12:02:37+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-05T10:02:37Z", "ms": 2235722556718.665 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-06T11:14:40+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-06T09:14:40Z", "ms": 2235806079539.2017 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-06T12:02:40+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-06T10:02:40Z", "ms": 2235808959539.2017 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 19:29 on Mon 5 Nov to 17:40 on Tue 6 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-05T17:28:49Z → 2040-11-06T15:39:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:15–12:03 on the 5th, 11:15–12:03 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 20236 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dvitīyā, Giza, 2040: Tuesday 6 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dvitiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Bhratrdvitiya, Yamadvitiya (madhyahna, purvaviddha), Masyadhara (Dwat) puja (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Yama Dvitīyā (Bhai Dooj) 2040 falls on Tuesday 6 November. Dvitīyā runs from 19:29 on Mon 5 Nov to 17:40 on Tue 6 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/yama-dvitiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/naga-chaturthi", "festival": "naga-chaturthi", "name": "Nāga Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4697, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-11-07T15:35:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-07T13:35:26Z", "ms": 2235908126150.0186 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-08T13:21:05+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-08T11:21:05Z", "ms": 2235986464946.3306 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-07T15:35:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-07T13:35:26Z", "ms": 2235908126150.0186 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-08T13:21:05+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-08T11:21:05Z", "ms": 2235986464946.3306 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-07T11:14:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-07T09:14:43Z", "ms": 2235892483195.577 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-07T12:02:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-07T10:02:43Z", "ms": 2235895363195.577 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-08T11:14:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-08T09:14:48Z", "ms": 2235978887687.448 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-08T12:02:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-08T10:02:48Z", "ms": 2235981767687.448 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:35 on Wed 7 Nov to 13:21 on Thu 8 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-07T13:35:26Z → 2040-11-08T11:21:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:15–12:03 on the 7th, 11:15–12:03 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4697 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Thursday 8 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Naga caturthi (paraviddha and madhyahnavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Nāga Caturthī 2040 falls on Thursday 8 November. Caturthī runs from 15:35 on Wed 7 Nov to 13:21 on Thu 8 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/naga-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-11-08", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4697, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-11-07T15:35:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-07T13:35:26Z", "ms": 2235908126150.0186 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-08T13:21:05+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-08T11:21:05Z", "ms": 2235986464946.3306 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-07T15:35:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-07T13:35:26Z", "ms": 2235908126150.0186 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-08T13:21:05+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-08T11:21:05Z", "ms": 2235986464946.3306 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-07T11:14:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-07T09:14:43Z", "ms": 2235892483195.577 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-07T12:02:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-07T10:02:43Z", "ms": 2235895363195.577 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-08T11:14:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-08T09:14:48Z", "ms": 2235978887687.448 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-08T12:02:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-08T10:02:48Z", "ms": 2235981767687.448 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:35 on Wed 7 Nov to 13:21 on Thu 8 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-07T13:35:26Z → 2040-11-08T11:21:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:15–12:03 on the 7th, 11:15–12:03 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4697 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Thursday 8 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2040 falls on Thursday 8 November. Caturthī runs from 15:35 on Wed 7 Nov to 13:21 on Thu 8 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-11-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/surya-shashthi", "festival": "surya-shashthi", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī", "everyday": "Chhath", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 766, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2040-11-09T11:02:07+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-09T09:02:07Z", "ms": 2236064527085.1787 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-10T08:43:11+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-10T06:43:11Z", "ms": 2236142590661.134 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-09T11:02:07+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-09T09:02:07Z", "ms": 2236064527085.1787 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-10T08:43:11+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-10T06:43:11Z", "ms": 2236142590661.134 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-09T11:14:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-09T09:14:53Z", "ms": 2236065293014.062 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-09T12:02:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-09T10:02:53Z", "ms": 2236068173014.062 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-10T11:14:59+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-10T09:14:59Z", "ms": 2236151699174.5845 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-10T12:02:59+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-10T10:02:59Z", "ms": 2236154579174.5845 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 11:02 on Fri 9 Nov to 08:43 on Sat 10 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-09T09:02:07Z → 2040-11-10T06:43:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:15–12:03 on the 9th, 11:15–12:03 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 766 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī, Giza, 2040: Friday 9 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Nadi sasthi, Skanda sasthi (Madras), Surya sasthi, Chhat (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Chhath) 2040 falls on Friday 9 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 11:02 on Fri 9 Nov to 08:43 on Sat 10 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/surya-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/gopashtami", "festival": "gopashtami", "name": "Gopāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17210, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2040-11-11T06:28:17+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-11T04:28:17Z", "ms": 2236220896608.9087 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-12T04:20:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-12T02:20:53Z", "ms": 2236299653331.6836 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-11T06:28:17+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-11T04:28:17Z", "ms": 2236220896608.9087 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-12T04:20:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-12T02:20:53Z", "ms": 2236299653331.6836 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-11T11:15:06+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-11T09:15:06Z", "ms": 2236238106168.3257 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-11T12:03:06+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-11T10:03:06Z", "ms": 2236240986168.3257 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-12T11:15:14+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-12T09:15:14Z", "ms": 2236324513994.8394 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-12T12:03:14+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-12T10:03:14Z", "ms": 2236327393994.8394 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 06:28 on Sun 11 Nov to 04:21 on Mon 12 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-11T04:28:17Z → 2040-11-12T02:20:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:15–12:03 on the 11th, 11:15–12:03 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17210 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gopāṣṭamī, Giza, 2040: Sunday 11 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gopashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Gopāṣṭamī 2040 falls on Sunday 11 November. Aṣṭamī runs from 06:28 on Sun 11 Nov to 04:21 on Mon 12 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/gopashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/akshaya-navami", "festival": "akshaya-navami", "name": "Akṣaya Navamī", "everyday": "Amla Navami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7049, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2040-11-12T04:20:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-12T02:20:53Z", "ms": 2236299653331.6836 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-13T02:24:05+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-13T00:24:05Z", "ms": 2236379045177.3647 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-12T04:20:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-12T02:20:53Z", "ms": 2236299653331.6836 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-13T02:24:05+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-13T00:24:05Z", "ms": 2236379045177.3647 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-12T06:18:22+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-12T04:18:22Z", "ms": 2236306701883.0186 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-12T09:52:17+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-12T07:52:17Z", "ms": 2236319536624.2324 } }, "covered_min": 214, "window_min": 214, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-13T06:19:11+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-13T04:19:11Z", "ms": 2236393151124.518 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-13T09:52:39+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-13T07:52:39Z", "ms": 2236405958810.7734 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 213, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 04:21 on Mon 12 Nov to 02:24 on Tue 13 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-12T02:20:53Z → 2040-11-13T00:24:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:18–09:52 on the 12th, 06:19–09:53 on the 13th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 214 of 214 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 213 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7049 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Navamī, Giza, 2040: Monday 12 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Akṣaya Navamī (Amla Navami) 2040 falls on Monday 12 November. Navamī runs from 04:21 on Mon 12 Nov to 02:24 on Tue 13 Nov and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/akshaya-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/durga-navami", "festival": "durga-navami", "name": "Durgā Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24861, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2040-11-12T04:20:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-12T02:20:53Z", "ms": 2236299653331.6836 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-13T02:24:05+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-13T00:24:05Z", "ms": 2236379045177.3647 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-12T04:20:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-12T02:20:53Z", "ms": 2236299653331.6836 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-13T02:24:05+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-13T00:24:05Z", "ms": 2236379045177.3647 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-12T11:15:14+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-12T09:15:14Z", "ms": 2236324513994.8394 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-12T12:03:14+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-12T10:03:14Z", "ms": 2236327393994.8394 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-13T11:15:23+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-13T09:15:23Z", "ms": 2236410922653.9014 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-13T12:03:23+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-13T10:03:23Z", "ms": 2236413802653.9014 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 04:21 on Mon 12 Nov to 02:24 on Tue 13 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-12T02:20:53Z → 2040-11-13T00:24:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:15–12:03 on the 12th, 11:15–12:03 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 24861 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Navamī, Giza, 2040: Monday 12 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Durgā Navamī 2040 falls on Monday 12 November. Navamī runs from 04:21 on Mon 12 Nov to 02:24 on Tue 13 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/durga-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-11-14", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20357, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-11-14T00:40:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-13T22:40:43Z", "ms": 2236459243079.142 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-14T23:13:35+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-14T21:13:35Z", "ms": 2236540415104.2744 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-14T00:40:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-13T22:40:43Z", "ms": 2236459243079.142 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-14T23:13:35+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-14T21:13:35Z", "ms": 2236540415104.2744 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-14T06:20:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-14T04:20:01Z", "ms": 2236479600513.446 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-14T06:20:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-14T04:20:01Z", "ms": 2236479600513.446 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-11-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-15T06:20:50+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-15T04:20:50Z", "ms": 2236566050028.008 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-15T06:20:50+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-15T04:20:50Z", "ms": 2236566050028.008 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:41 on Wed 14 Nov to 23:14 on Wed 14 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-13T22:40:43Z → 2040-11-14T21:13:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:20 on the 14th and 06:21 on the 15th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 14th and is not on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 20357 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Wednesday 14 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Prabodhinī Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Wednesday 14 November. Ekādaśī runs from 00:41 on Wed 14 Nov to 23:14 on Wed 14 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-11-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-11-16", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9258, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-11-15T22:05:34+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-15T20:05:34Z", "ms": 2236622734275.94 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-16T21:19:41+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-16T19:19:41Z", "ms": 2236706380980.0234 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-15T22:05:34+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-15T20:05:34Z", "ms": 2236622734275.94 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-16T21:19:41+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-16T19:19:41Z", "ms": 2236706380980.0234 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-15T16:58:35+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-15T14:58:35Z", "ms": 2236604314910.202 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-15T18:45:40+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-15T16:45:40Z", "ms": 2236610739541.68 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-11-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-16T16:58:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-16T14:58:08Z", "ms": 2236690687602.7554 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-16T18:45:23+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-16T16:45:23Z", "ms": 2236697122501.837 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:06 on Thu 15 Nov to 21:20 on Fri 16 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-15T20:05:34Z → 2040-11-16T19:19:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:59–18:46 on the 15th, 16:58–18:45 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 107 minutes on the 15th and 107 of 107 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9258 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Friday 16 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Friday 16 November. Trayodaśī runs from 22:06 on Thu 15 Nov to 21:20 on Fri 16 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-11-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/rasayatra", "festival": "rasayatra", "name": "Rāsayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7831, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2040-11-17T20:58:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-17T18:58:58Z", "ms": 2236791537515.002 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-18T21:06:13+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-18T19:06:13Z", "ms": 2236878372820.1675 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-17T20:58:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-17T18:58:58Z", "ms": 2236791537515.002 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-18T21:06:13+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-18T19:06:13Z", "ms": 2236878372820.1675 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-17T23:16:30+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-17T21:16:30Z", "ms": 2236799790489.336 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-18T00:04:30+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-17T22:04:30Z", "ms": 2236802670489.336 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-11-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-18T23:16:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-18T21:16:43Z", "ms": 2236886203320.774 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-19T00:04:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-18T22:04:43Z", "ms": 2236889083320.774 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:59 on Sat 17 Nov to 21:06 on Sun 18 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-17T18:58:58Z → 2040-11-18T19:06:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:17–00:05 on the 17th, 23:17–00:05 on the 18th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7831 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāsayātrā, Giza, 2040: Saturday 17 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rasayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Rāsayātrā 2040 falls on Saturday 17 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:59 on Sat 17 Nov to 21:06 on Sun 18 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/rasayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/kartiki-purnima", "festival": "kartiki-purnima", "name": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32092, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2040-11-17T20:58:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-17T18:58:58Z", "ms": 2236791537515.002 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-18T21:06:13+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-18T19:06:13Z", "ms": 2236878372820.1675 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-17T20:58:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-17T18:58:58Z", "ms": 2236791537515.002 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-18T21:06:13+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-18T19:06:13Z", "ms": 2236878372820.1675 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-17T11:16:06+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-17T09:16:06Z", "ms": 2236756565610.544 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-17T12:04:06+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-17T10:04:06Z", "ms": 2236759445610.544 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-11-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-18T11:16:18+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-18T09:16:18Z", "ms": 2236842978425.251 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-18T12:04:18+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-18T10:04:18Z", "ms": 2236845858425.251 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:59 on Sat 17 Nov to 21:06 on Sun 18 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-17T18:58:58Z → 2040-11-18T19:06:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:16–12:04 on the 17th, 11:16–12:04 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 48 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32092 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā, Giza, 2040: Sunday 18 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kartiki-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kārtikī Pūrṇimā 2040 falls on Sunday 18 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:59 on Sat 17 Nov to 21:06 on Sun 18 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/kartiki-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-11-22", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19823, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-11-22T00:30:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-21T22:30:19Z", "ms": 2237149818593.539 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-23T02:34:39+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-23T00:34:39Z", "ms": 2237243679257.536 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-22T00:30:19+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-21T22:30:19Z", "ms": 2237149818593.539 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-23T02:34:39+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-23T00:34:39Z", "ms": 2237243679257.536 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-21T18:59:55+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-21T16:59:55Z", "ms": 2237129995325.745 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-21T18:59:55+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-21T16:59:55Z", "ms": 2237129995325.745 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-11-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-22T19:52:18+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-22T17:52:18Z", "ms": 2237219538334.909 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-22T19:52:18+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-22T17:52:18Z", "ms": 2237219538334.909 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:30 on Thu 22 Nov to 02:35 on Fri 23 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-21T22:30:19Z → 2040-11-23T00:34:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:00 on the 21st and 19:52 on the 22nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19823 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Thursday 22 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2040 falls on Thursday 22 November. Caturthī runs from 00:30 on Thu 22 Nov to 02:35 on Fri 23 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-11-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-11-30", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Utpannā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-11-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30271, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-11-29T14:56:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-29T12:56:53Z", "ms": 2237806612945.895 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-30T15:16:39+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-30T13:16:39Z", "ms": 2237894199273.6084 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-11-29T14:56:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-29T12:56:53Z", "ms": 2237806612945.895 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-30T15:16:39+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-30T13:16:39Z", "ms": 2237894199273.6084 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-11-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-29T06:32:22+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-29T04:32:22Z", "ms": 2237776342073.224 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-29T06:32:22+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-29T04:32:22Z", "ms": 2237776342073.224 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-11-30T06:33:10+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-30T04:33:10Z", "ms": 2237862790145.795 }, "end": { "local": "2040-11-30T06:33:10+02:00", "utc": "2040-11-30T04:33:10Z", "ms": 2237862790145.795 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:57 on Thu 29 Nov to 15:17 on Fri 30 Nov.", "fact": "2040-11-29T12:56:53Z → 2040-11-30T13:16:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:32 on the 29th and 06:33 on the 30th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 29th and is on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30271 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Utpannā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Friday 30 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Utpannā Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Friday 30 November. Ekādaśī runs from 14:57 on Thu 29 Nov to 15:17 on Fri 30 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-11-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-12-01", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-12-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7434, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-12-01T14:50:42+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-01T12:50:42Z", "ms": 2237979042176.1235 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-02T13:41:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-02T11:41:08Z", "ms": 2238061268422.6704 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-12-01T14:50:42+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-01T12:50:42Z", "ms": 2237979042176.1235 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-02T13:41:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-02T11:41:08Z", "ms": 2238061268422.6704 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-01T16:54:36+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-01T14:54:36Z", "ms": 2237986476350.8354 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-01T18:43:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-01T16:43:58Z", "ms": 2237993037515.8657 } }, "covered_min": 109, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-02T16:54:36+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-02T14:54:36Z", "ms": 2238072875951.2964 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-02T18:44:03+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-02T16:44:03Z", "ms": 2238079443406.869 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:51 on Sat 1 Dec to 13:41 on Sun 2 Dec.", "fact": "2040-12-01T12:50:42Z → 2040-12-02T11:41:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:55–18:44 on the 1st, 16:55–18:44 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 109 of 109 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 109 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7434 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Saturday 1 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Saturday 1 December. Trayodaśī runs from 14:51 on Sat 1 Dec to 13:41 on Sun 2 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-12-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-12-02", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-12-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34795, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-12-02T13:41:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-02T11:41:08Z", "ms": 2238061268422.6704 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-03T11:52:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-03T09:52:58Z", "ms": 2238141178008.313 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-12-02T13:41:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-02T11:41:08Z", "ms": 2238061268422.6704 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-03T11:52:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-03T09:52:58Z", "ms": 2238141178008.313 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-02T23:21:04+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-02T21:21:04Z", "ms": 2238096063909.6953 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-03T00:09:04+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-02T22:09:04Z", "ms": 2238098943909.6953 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-12-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-03T23:21:28+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-03T21:21:28Z", "ms": 2238182487697.789 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-04T00:09:28+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-03T22:09:28Z", "ms": 2238185367697.789 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:41 on Sun 2 Dec to 11:53 on Mon 3 Dec.", "fact": "2040-12-02T11:41:08Z → 2040-12-03T09:52:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:21–00:09 on the 2nd, 23:21–00:09 on the 3rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34795 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2040: Sunday 2 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2040 falls on Sunday 2 December. Caturdaśī runs from 13:41 on Sun 2 Dec to 11:53 on Mon 3 Dec and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/shivaratri?on=2040-12-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-12-07", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-12-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34754, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-12-07T00:49:45+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-06T22:49:45Z", "ms": 2238446984596.281 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-07T21:50:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-07T19:50:01Z", "ms": 2238522600584.3916 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-12-07T00:49:45+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-06T22:49:45Z", "ms": 2238446984596.281 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-07T21:50:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-07T19:50:01Z", "ms": 2238522600584.3916 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-12-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-06T11:22:20+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-06T09:22:20Z", "ms": 2238398540159.9004 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-06T12:10:20+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-06T10:10:20Z", "ms": 2238401420159.9004 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-12-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-07T11:22:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-07T09:22:46Z", "ms": 2238484966397.9805 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-07T12:10:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-07T10:10:46Z", "ms": 2238487846397.9805 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:50 on Fri 7 Dec to 21:50 on Fri 7 Dec.", "fact": "2040-12-06T22:49:45Z → 2040-12-07T19:50:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:22–12:10 on the 6th, 11:23–12:11 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34754 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Friday 7 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2040 falls on Friday 7 December. Caturthī runs from 00:50 on Fri 7 Dec to 21:50 on Fri 7 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2040-12-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "festival": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-12-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24610, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2040-12-07T21:50:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-07T19:50:01Z", "ms": 2238522600584.3916 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-08T19:01:23+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-08T17:01:23Z", "ms": 2238598883092.759 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-12-07T21:50:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-07T19:50:01Z", "ms": 2238522600584.3916 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-08T19:01:23+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-08T17:01:23Z", "ms": 2238598883092.759 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-12-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-07T11:22:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-07T09:22:46Z", "ms": 2238484966397.9805 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-07T12:10:46+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-07T10:10:46Z", "ms": 2238487846397.9805 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-12-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-08T11:23:13+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-08T09:23:13Z", "ms": 2238571393102.9883 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-08T12:11:13+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-08T10:11:13Z", "ms": 2238574273102.9883 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 21:50 on Fri 7 Dec to 19:01 on Sat 8 Dec.", "fact": "2040-12-07T19:50:01Z → 2040-12-08T17:01:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:23–12:11 on the 7th, 11:23–12:11 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24610 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa), Giza, 2040: Saturday 8 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (2nd) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa) 2040 falls on Saturday 8 December. Pañcamī runs from 21:50 on Fri 7 Dec to 19:01 on Sat 8 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/champa-shashthi", "festival": "champa-shashthi", "name": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-12-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15542, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2040-12-08T19:01:23+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-08T17:01:23Z", "ms": 2238598883092.759 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-09T16:30:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-09T14:30:43Z", "ms": 2238676242605.9194 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-12-08T19:01:23+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-08T17:01:23Z", "ms": 2238598883092.759 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-09T16:30:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-09T14:30:43Z", "ms": 2238676242605.9194 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-12-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-08T11:23:13+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-08T09:23:13Z", "ms": 2238571393102.9883 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-08T12:11:13+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-08T10:11:13Z", "ms": 2238574273102.9883 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-09T11:23:40+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-09T09:23:40Z", "ms": 2238657820242.644 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-09T12:11:40+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-09T10:11:40Z", "ms": 2238660700242.644 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 19:01 on Sat 8 Dec to 16:31 on Sun 9 Dec.", "fact": "2040-12-08T17:01:23Z → 2040-12-09T14:30:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:23–12:11 on the 8th, 11:24–12:12 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15542 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī, Giza, 2040: Sunday 9 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "champa-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Śatabhiṣaj nakṣatra, Vyatīpāta yoga and a Sunday; none is tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Campā Ṣaṣṭhī 2040 falls on Sunday 9 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 19:01 on Sat 8 Dec to 16:31 on Sun 9 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/champa-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/skanda-shashthi", "festival": "skanda-shashthi", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-12-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15542, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2040-12-08T19:01:23+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-08T17:01:23Z", "ms": 2238598883092.759 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-09T16:30:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-09T14:30:43Z", "ms": 2238676242605.9194 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-12-08T19:01:23+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-08T17:01:23Z", "ms": 2238598883092.759 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-09T16:30:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-09T14:30:43Z", "ms": 2238676242605.9194 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-12-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-08T11:23:13+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-08T09:23:13Z", "ms": 2238571393102.9883 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-08T12:11:13+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-08T10:11:13Z", "ms": 2238574273102.9883 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-09T11:23:40+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-09T09:23:40Z", "ms": 2238657820242.644 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-09T12:11:40+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-09T10:11:40Z", "ms": 2238660700242.644 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 19:01 on Sat 8 Dec to 16:31 on Sun 9 Dec.", "fact": "2040-12-08T17:01:23Z → 2040-12-09T14:30:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:23–12:11 on the 8th, 11:24–12:12 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 15542 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī, Giza, 2040: Sunday 9 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī 2040 falls on Sunday 9 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 19:01 on Sat 8 Dec to 16:31 on Sun 9 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/skanda-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/mitra-saptami", "festival": "mitra-saptami", "name": "Mitra Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-12-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7878, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2040-12-09T16:30:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-09T14:30:43Z", "ms": 2238676242605.9194 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-10T14:23:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-10T12:23:26Z", "ms": 2238755006285.035 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-12-09T16:30:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-09T14:30:43Z", "ms": 2238676242605.9194 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-10T14:23:26+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-10T12:23:26Z", "ms": 2238755006285.035 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-09T11:23:40+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-09T09:23:40Z", "ms": 2238657820242.644 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-09T12:11:40+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-09T10:11:40Z", "ms": 2238660700242.644 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-10T11:24:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-10T09:24:08Z", "ms": 2238744247785.419 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-10T12:12:08+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-10T10:12:08Z", "ms": 2238747127785.419 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 16:31 on Sun 9 Dec to 14:23 on Mon 10 Dec.", "fact": "2040-12-09T14:30:43Z → 2040-12-10T12:23:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 9th, 11:24–12:12 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 7878 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mitra Saptamī, Giza, 2040: Monday 10 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mitra-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Mitra saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mitra Saptamī 2040 falls on Monday 10 December. Saptamī runs from 16:31 on Sun 9 Dec to 14:23 on Mon 10 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/mitra-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-12-14", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-12-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14233, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-12-13T10:52:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-13T08:52:02Z", "ms": 2239001521732.033 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-14T10:40:34+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-14T08:40:34Z", "ms": 2239087234271.9277 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-12-13T10:52:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-13T08:52:02Z", "ms": 2239001521732.033 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-14T10:40:34+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-14T08:40:34Z", "ms": 2239087234271.9277 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-12-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-13T06:42:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-13T04:42:43Z", "ms": 2238986562734.5566 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-13T06:42:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-13T04:42:43Z", "ms": 2238986562734.5566 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-12-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-14T06:43:21+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-14T04:43:21Z", "ms": 2239073001102.9175 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-14T06:43:21+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-14T04:43:21Z", "ms": 2239073001102.9175 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:52 on Thu 13 Dec to 10:41 on Fri 14 Dec.", "fact": "2040-12-13T08:52:02Z → 2040-12-14T08:40:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:43 on the 13th and 06:43 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 13th and is on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14233 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Friday 14 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mokṣadā Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Friday 14 December. Ekādaśī runs from 10:52 on Thu 13 Dec to 10:41 on Fri 14 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-12-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/akhanda-dvadashi", "festival": "akhanda-dvadashi", "name": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-12-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1775, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-12-14T10:40:34+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-14T08:40:34Z", "ms": 2239087234271.9277 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-15T10:56:55+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-15T08:56:55Z", "ms": 2239174615378.7334 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-12-14T10:40:34+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-14T08:40:34Z", "ms": 2239087234271.9277 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-15T10:56:55+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-15T08:56:55Z", "ms": 2239174615378.7334 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-12-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-14T11:26:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-14T09:26:01Z", "ms": 2239089961379.026 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-14T12:14:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-14T10:14:01Z", "ms": 2239092841379.026 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-15T11:26:30+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-15T09:26:30Z", "ms": 2239176390484.3984 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-15T12:14:30+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-15T10:14:30Z", "ms": 2239179270484.3984 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 10:41 on Fri 14 Dec to 10:57 on Sat 15 Dec.", "fact": "2040-12-14T08:40:34Z → 2040-12-15T08:56:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:26–12:14 on the 14th, 11:27–12:15 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1775 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī, Giza, 2040: Friday 14 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akhanda-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Matsya dvadasi, Akhanda dvadasi (paraviddha), Vyanjana dvadasi & Dana dvadasi (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī 2040 falls on Friday 14 December. Dvādaśī runs from 10:41 on Fri 14 Dec to 10:57 on Sat 15 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/akhanda-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-12-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-12-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19084, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-12-15T10:56:55+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-15T08:56:55Z", "ms": 2239174615378.7334 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-16T11:39:21+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-16T09:39:21Z", "ms": 2239263560819.086 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-12-15T10:56:55+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-15T08:56:55Z", "ms": 2239174615378.7334 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-16T11:39:21+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-16T09:39:21Z", "ms": 2239263560819.086 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-15T16:57:03+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-15T14:57:03Z", "ms": 2239196222521.3022 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-15T18:47:23+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-15T16:47:23Z", "ms": 2239202842816.0103 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-12-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-16T16:57:25+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-16T14:57:25Z", "ms": 2239282644895.594 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-16T18:47:47+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-16T16:47:47Z", "ms": 2239289266898.783 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 10:57 on Sat 15 Dec to 11:39 on Sun 16 Dec.", "fact": "2040-12-15T08:56:55Z → 2040-12-16T09:39:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:57–18:47 on the 15th, 16:57–18:48 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 110 of 110 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 110 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19084 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Saturday 15 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Saturday 15 December. Trayodaśī runs from 10:57 on Sat 15 Dec to 11:39 on Sun 16 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-12-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/dattatreyotpatti", "festival": "dattatreyotpatti", "name": "Dattātreyotpatti", "everyday": "Datta Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-12-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9746, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2040-12-17T12:46:10+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-17T10:46:10Z", "ms": 2239353969512.391 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-18T14:15:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-18T12:15:48Z", "ms": 2239445747607.232 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-12-17T12:46:10+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-17T10:46:10Z", "ms": 2239353969512.391 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-18T14:15:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-18T12:15:48Z", "ms": 2239445747607.232 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-12-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-17T16:57:49+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-17T14:57:49Z", "ms": 2239369068754.5454 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-17T18:48:12+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-17T16:48:12Z", "ms": 2239375692117.4326 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2040-12-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-18T16:58:14+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-18T14:58:14Z", "ms": 2239455494073.444 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-18T18:48:38+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-18T16:48:38Z", "ms": 2239462118445.9634 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 12:46 on Mon 17 Dec to 14:16 on Tue 18 Dec.", "fact": "2040-12-17T10:46:10Z → 2040-12-18T12:15:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:58–18:48 on the 17th, 16:58–18:49 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 110 of 110 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 110 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9746 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dattātreyotpatti, Giza, 2040: Monday 17 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dattatreyotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Dattatreyotpatti (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Dattātreyotpatti (Datta Jayanti) 2040 falls on Monday 17 December. Pūrṇimā runs from 12:46 on Mon 17 Dec to 14:16 on Tue 18 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/dattatreyotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-12-22", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-12-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3985, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2040-12-21T20:40:23+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-21T18:40:23Z", "ms": 2239728022822.117 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-22T23:13:41+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-22T21:13:41Z", "ms": 2239823621490.092 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-12-21T20:40:23+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-21T18:40:23Z", "ms": 2239728022822.117 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-22T23:13:41+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-22T21:13:41Z", "ms": 2239823621490.092 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-12-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-21T19:33:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-21T17:33:58Z", "ms": 2239724037873.663 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-21T19:33:58+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-21T17:33:58Z", "ms": 2239724037873.663 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-12-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-22T20:29:56+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-22T18:29:56Z", "ms": 2239813796197.708 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-22T20:29:56+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-22T18:29:56Z", "ms": 2239813796197.708 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:40 on Fri 21 Dec to 23:14 on Sat 22 Dec.", "fact": "2040-12-21T18:40:23Z → 2040-12-22T21:13:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:34 on the 21st and 20:30 on the 22nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3985 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2040: Saturday 22 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2040 falls on Saturday 22 December. Caturthī runs from 20:40 on Fri 21 Dec to 23:14 on Sat 22 Dec and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2040-12-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-12-30", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-12-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2529, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-12-29T08:25:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-29T06:25:43Z", "ms": 2240375142693.747 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-30T07:33:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-30T05:33:02Z", "ms": 2240458381738.4717 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-12-29T08:25:43+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-29T06:25:43Z", "ms": 2240375142693.747 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-30T07:33:02+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-30T05:33:02Z", "ms": 2240458381738.4717 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-12-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-29T06:50:35+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-29T04:50:35Z", "ms": 2240369434606.4766 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-29T06:50:35+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-29T04:50:35Z", "ms": 2240369434606.4766 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-12-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-30T06:50:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-30T04:50:53Z", "ms": 2240455852614.7275 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-30T06:50:53+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-30T04:50:53Z", "ms": 2240455852614.7275 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:26 on Sat 29 Dec to 07:33 on Sun 30 Dec.", "fact": "2040-12-29T06:25:43Z → 2040-12-30T05:33:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:51 on the 29th and 06:51 on the 30th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 29th and is on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2529 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2040: Sunday 30 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saphalā Ekādaśī 2040 falls on Sunday 30 December. Ekādaśī runs from 08:26 on Sat 29 Dec to 07:33 on Sun 30 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/ekadashi?on=2040-12-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-12-31", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2040, "local_date": "2040-12-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30779, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2040-12-31T05:52:13+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-31T03:52:13Z", "ms": 2240538732826.343 }, "end": { "local": "2041-01-01T03:28:46+02:00", "utc": "2041-01-01T01:28:46Z", "ms": 2240616526485.8223 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2040-12-31T05:52:13+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-31T03:52:13Z", "ms": 2240538732826.343 }, "end": { "local": "2041-01-01T03:28:46+02:00", "utc": "2041-01-01T01:28:46Z", "ms": 2240616526485.8223 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2040-12-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-30T17:05:01+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-30T15:05:01Z", "ms": 2240492700900.729 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-30T18:55:10+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-30T16:55:10Z", "ms": 2240499309994.5737 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2040-12-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2040-12-31T17:05:42+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-31T15:05:42Z", "ms": 2240579142311.9336 }, "end": { "local": "2040-12-31T18:55:48+02:00", "utc": "2040-12-31T16:55:48Z", "ms": 2240585747877.2446 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:52 on Mon 31 Dec to 03:29 on Tue 1 Jan.", "fact": "2040-12-31T03:52:13Z → 2041-01-01T01:28:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:05–18:55 on the 30th, 17:06–18:56 on the 31st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 110 minutes on the 30th and 110 of 110 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30779 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2040: Monday 31 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2040-12-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2040 falls on Monday 31 December. Trayodaśī runs from 05:52 on Mon 31 Dec to 03:29 on Tue 1 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2040/pradosha-vrata?on=2040-12-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } } ], "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }