{ "id": "/giza/festivals/2048", "place": { "id": "360995", "slug": "giza", "name": "Giza", "region": "Egypt", "country": "EG", "lat": 30.00944, "lon": 31.20861, "elevation_m": 19, "tz": "Africa/Cairo" }, "year": 2048, "tradition": "smarta", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "rulings": [ { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-01-04", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29943, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-01-04T11:59:47+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-04T09:59:47Z", "ms": 2461744786949.814 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-05T12:05:41+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-05T10:05:41Z", "ms": 2461831540613.53 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-01-04T11:59:47+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-04T09:59:47Z", "ms": 2461744786949.814 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-05T12:05:41+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-05T10:05:41Z", "ms": 2461831540613.53 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-04T20:18:50+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-04T18:18:50Z", "ms": 2461774730176.118 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-04T20:18:50+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-04T18:18:50Z", "ms": 2461774730176.118 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-01-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-05T21:17:40+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-05T19:17:40Z", "ms": 2461864660059.316 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-05T21:17:40+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-05T19:17:40Z", "ms": 2461864660059.316 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:00 on Sat 4 Jan to 12:06 on Sun 5 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-04T09:59:47Z → 2048-01-05T10:05:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:19 on the 4th and 21:18 on the 5th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 4th and is not on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29943 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Saturday 4 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2048 falls on Saturday 4 January. Caturthī runs from 12:00 on Sat 4 Jan to 12:06 on Sun 5 Jan and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-01-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-01-11", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12451, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-01-11T03:24:53+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-11T01:24:53Z", "ms": 2462318693277.1 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-12T00:44:09+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-11T22:44:09Z", "ms": 2462395448517.2905 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-01-11T03:24:53+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-11T01:24:53Z", "ms": 2462318693277.1 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-12T00:44:09+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-11T22:44:09Z", "ms": 2462395448517.2905 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-11T06:52:24+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-11T04:52:24Z", "ms": 2462331144231.816 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-11T06:52:24+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-11T04:52:24Z", "ms": 2462331144231.816 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-01-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-12T06:52:22+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-12T04:52:22Z", "ms": 2462417542290.3667 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-12T06:52:22+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-12T04:52:22Z", "ms": 2462417542290.3667 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 03:25 on Sat 11 Jan to 00:44 on Sun 12 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-11T01:24:53Z → 2048-01-11T22:44:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:52 on the 11th and 06:52 on the 12th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 11th and is not on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12451 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Saturday 11 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Saturday 11 January. Ekādaśī runs from 03:25 on Sat 11 Jan to 00:44 on Sun 12 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-01-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-01-13", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-13", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 273, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-01-12T21:53:31+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-12T19:53:31Z", "ms": 2462471611188.9023 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-13T18:59:38+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-13T16:59:38Z", "ms": 2462547577833.972 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-01-12T21:53:31+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-12T19:53:31Z", "ms": 2462471611188.9023 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-13T18:59:38+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-13T16:59:38Z", "ms": 2462547577833.972 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-12T17:14:25+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-12T15:14:25Z", "ms": 2462454865233.899 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-12T19:03:28+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-12T17:03:28Z", "ms": 2462461408361.1 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-13T17:15:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-13T15:15:15Z", "ms": 2462541315279.103 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-13T19:04:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-13T17:04:11Z", "ms": 2462547851031.2715 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 21:54 on Sun 12 Jan to 19:00 on Mon 13 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-12T19:53:31Z → 2048-01-13T16:59:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:14–19:03 on the 12th, 17:15–19:04 on the 13th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 109 minutes on the 12th and 104 of 109 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 273 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Monday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-13", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Monday 13 January. Trayodaśī runs from 21:54 on Sun 12 Jan to 19:00 on Mon 13 Jan and covers 104 of 109 minutes of pradoṣa that evening. It is 4 min 33 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-01-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-01-13", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16807, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-01-13T18:59:38+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-13T16:59:38Z", "ms": 2462547577833.972 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-14T16:09:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-14T14:09:56Z", "ms": 2462623796324.58 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-01-13T18:59:38+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-13T16:59:38Z", "ms": 2462547577833.972 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-14T16:09:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-14T14:09:56Z", "ms": 2462623796324.58 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-13T23:39:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-13T21:39:44Z", "ms": 2462564384349.734 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-14T00:27:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-13T22:27:44Z", "ms": 2462567264349.734 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-14T23:40:06+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-14T21:40:06Z", "ms": 2462650806116.055 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-15T00:28:06+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-14T22:28:06Z", "ms": 2462653686116.055 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:00 on Mon 13 Jan to 16:10 on Tue 14 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-13T16:59:38Z → 2048-01-14T14:09:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:40–00:28 on the 13th, 23:40–00:28 on the 14th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16807 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2048: Monday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2048 falls on Monday 13 January. Caturdaśī runs from 19:00 on Mon 13 Jan to 16:10 on Tue 14 Jan and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-01-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/bhogi", "festival": "bhogi", "name": "Bhogi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34986, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2048-01-15T02:59:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-15T00:59:12Z", "ms": 2462662751733.0205 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-13T15:58:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-13T13:58:56Z", "ms": 2465215136297.3647 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2048-01-15T02:59:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-15T00:59:12Z", "ms": 2462662751733.0205 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-15T02:59:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-15T00:59:12Z", "ms": 2462662751733.0205 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-13T17:15:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-13T15:15:15Z", "ms": 2462541315279.103 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-14T17:16:06+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-14T15:16:06Z", "ms": 2462627765747.8037 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-14T17:16:06+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-14T15:16:06Z", "ms": 2462627765747.8037 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-15T17:16:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-15T15:16:57Z", "ms": 2462714216592.132 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "2048-01-15", "days": -1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 02:59 on Wed 15 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-15T00:59:12Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 17:16, and the day of the 15th ends at 17:17.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 34986 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Bhogi is kept the day before Pongal: Wednesday 15 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal − 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhogi, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "bhogi", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": -1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2048-01-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2048-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Giza, Bhogi 2048 falls on Tuesday 14 January. It is kept the day before Pongal, which falls on Wednesday 15 January. The Sun enters Makara at 02:59 on Wed 15 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 13 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/bhogi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/yama-tarpana", "festival": "yama-tarpana", "name": "Yama Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33463, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-01-13T18:59:38+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-13T16:59:38Z", "ms": 2462547577833.972 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-14T16:09:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-14T14:09:56Z", "ms": 2462623796324.58 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-01-13T18:59:38+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-13T16:59:38Z", "ms": 2462547577833.972 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-14T16:09:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-14T14:09:56Z", "ms": 2462623796324.58 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-13T05:03:16+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-13T03:03:16Z", "ms": 2462497395560.7056 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-13T06:52:19+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-13T04:52:19Z", "ms": 2462503938687.9067 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-14T05:03:18+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-14T03:03:18Z", "ms": 2462583797668.1963 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-14T06:52:13+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-14T04:52:13Z", "ms": 2462590333420.3647 } }, "covered_min": 109, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:00 on Mon 13 Jan to 16:10 on Tue 14 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-13T16:59:38Z → 2048-01-14T14:09:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:03–06:52 on the 13th, 05:03–06:52 on the 14th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 109 minutes on the 13th and 109 of 109 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33463 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Tarpaṇa, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Yama tarpana (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Yama Tarpaṇa 2048 falls on Tuesday 14 January. Caturdaśī runs from 19:00 on Mon 13 Jan to 16:10 on Tue 14 Jan and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/yama-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pongal", "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34986, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2048-01-15T02:59:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-15T00:59:12Z", "ms": 2462662751733.0205 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-13T15:58:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-13T13:58:56Z", "ms": 2465215136297.3647 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2048-01-15T02:59:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-15T00:59:12Z", "ms": 2462662751733.0205 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-15T02:59:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-15T00:59:12Z", "ms": 2462662751733.0205 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-13T17:15:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-13T15:15:15Z", "ms": 2462541315279.103 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-14T17:16:06+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-14T15:16:06Z", "ms": 2462627765747.8037 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-14T17:16:06+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-14T15:16:06Z", "ms": 2462627765747.8037 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-15T17:16:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-15T15:16:57Z", "ms": 2462714216592.132 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 02:59 on Wed 15 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-15T00:59:12Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 17:16, and the day of the 15th ends at 17:17.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 34986 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pongal, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "pongal", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The rule that heads the solar festivals, the day \"taken to begin from midnight\" (p. 106), is not applied to Pongal. It is kept on the first day of the month of Makara as the Tamil districts count it, a transit after sunset going to the next day (p. 244); the Rashtriya Panchang prints Pongal so.", "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2048-01-15", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2048-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Giza, Pongal 2048 falls on Wednesday 15 January. The Sun enters Makara at 02:59 on Wed 15 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 14 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/makara-sankranti", "festival": "makara-sankranti", "name": "Makara Saṅkrānti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10752, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2048-01-15T02:59:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-15T00:59:12Z", "ms": 2462662751733.0205 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-13T15:58:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-13T13:58:56Z", "ms": 2465215136297.3647 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2048-01-15T02:59:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-15T00:59:12Z", "ms": 2462662751733.0205 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-15T02:59:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-15T00:59:12Z", "ms": 2462662751733.0205 } }, "kaala": "civil-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-14T00:00:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-13T22:00:00Z", "ms": 2462565600000 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-15T00:00:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-14T22:00:00Z", "ms": 2462652000000 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-15T00:00:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-14T22:00:00Z", "ms": 2462652000000 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-16T00:00:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-15T22:00:00Z", "ms": 2462738400000 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 02:59 on Wed 15 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-15T00:59:12Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Giza.", "fact": "civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · Africa/Cairo" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 15th, not the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 10752 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Makara Saṅkrānti, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "makara-sankranti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "midnight" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2048-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "2048-01-15", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Giza, Makara Saṅkrānti 2048 falls on Wednesday 15 January. The Sun enters Makara at 02:59 on Wed 15 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 14 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/makara-sankranti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/mattu-pongal", "festival": "mattu-pongal", "name": "Mattu Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34986, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2048-01-15T02:59:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-15T00:59:12Z", "ms": 2462662751733.0205 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-13T15:58:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-13T13:58:56Z", "ms": 2465215136297.3647 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2048-01-15T02:59:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-15T00:59:12Z", "ms": 2462662751733.0205 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-15T02:59:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-15T00:59:12Z", "ms": 2462662751733.0205 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-13T17:15:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-13T15:15:15Z", "ms": 2462541315279.103 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-14T17:16:06+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-14T15:16:06Z", "ms": 2462627765747.8037 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-14T17:16:06+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-14T15:16:06Z", "ms": 2462627765747.8037 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-15T17:16:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-15T15:16:57Z", "ms": 2462714216592.132 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "2048-01-15", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 02:59 on Wed 15 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-15T00:59:12Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 17:16, and the day of the 15th ends at 17:17.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 34986 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Mattu Pongal is kept the day after Pongal: Wednesday 15 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mattu Pongal, Giza, 2048: Thursday 16 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "mattu-pongal", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2048-01-16", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2048-01-15", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mattu Pongal 2048 falls on Thursday 16 January. It is kept the day after Pongal, which falls on Wednesday 15 January. The Sun enters Makara at 02:59 on Wed 15 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 15 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/mattu-pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ganesha-jayanti", "festival": "ganesha-jayanti", "name": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī", "everyday": "Maghi Ganesh Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12284, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-01-18T08:16:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-18T06:16:49Z", "ms": 2462941008891.7505 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-19T07:48:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-19T05:48:01Z", "ms": 2463025680923.8774 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-01-18T08:16:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-18T06:16:49Z", "ms": 2462941008891.7505 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-19T07:48:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-19T05:48:01Z", "ms": 2463025680923.8774 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-18T11:41:33+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-18T09:41:33Z", "ms": 2462953293283.799 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-18T12:29:33+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-18T10:29:33Z", "ms": 2462956173283.799 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-01-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-19T11:41:52+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-19T09:41:52Z", "ms": 2463039712423.135 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-19T12:29:52+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-19T10:29:52Z", "ms": 2463042592423.135 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:17 on Sat 18 Jan to 07:48 on Sun 19 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-18T06:16:49Z → 2048-01-19T05:48:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:42–12:30 on the 18th, 11:42–12:30 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 12284 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī, Giza, 2048: Saturday 18 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Gaṇeśa Jayantī (Maghi Ganesh Jayanti) 2048 falls on Saturday 18 January. Caturthī runs from 08:17 on Sat 18 Jan to 07:48 on Sun 19 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ganesha-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/tila-chaturthi", "festival": "tila-chaturthi", "name": "Tila Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32562, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-01-18T08:16:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-18T06:16:49Z", "ms": 2462941008891.7505 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-19T07:48:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-19T05:48:01Z", "ms": 2463025680923.8774 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-01-18T08:16:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-18T06:16:49Z", "ms": 2462941008891.7505 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-19T07:48:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-19T05:48:01Z", "ms": 2463025680923.8774 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-18T17:19:31+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-18T15:19:31Z", "ms": 2462973570917.502 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-18T19:07:46+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-18T17:07:46Z", "ms": 2462980065733.1177 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-01-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-19T17:20:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-19T15:20:23Z", "ms": 2463060022811.6494 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-19T19:08:29+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-19T17:08:29Z", "ms": 2463066508671.249 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:17 on Sat 18 Jan to 07:48 on Sun 19 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-18T06:16:49Z → 2048-01-19T05:48:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:20–19:08 on the 18th, 17:20–19:08 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 108 of 108 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 108 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32562 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Tila Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Saturday 18 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "tila-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Tila Caturthī 2048 falls on Saturday 18 January. Caturthī runs from 08:17 on Sat 18 Jan to 07:48 on Sun 19 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/tila-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/shri-panchami", "festival": "shri-panchami", "name": "Śrī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13026, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2048-01-19T07:48:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-19T05:48:01Z", "ms": 2463025680923.8774 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-20T08:05:04+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-20T06:05:04Z", "ms": 2463113104494.205 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-01-19T07:48:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-19T05:48:01Z", "ms": 2463025680923.8774 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-20T08:05:04+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-20T06:05:04Z", "ms": 2463113104494.205 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-19T11:41:52+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-19T09:41:52Z", "ms": 2463039712423.135 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-19T12:29:52+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-19T10:29:52Z", "ms": 2463042592423.135 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-01-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-20T11:42:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-20T09:42:11Z", "ms": 2463126130811.4604 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-20T12:30:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-20T10:30:11Z", "ms": 2463129010811.4604 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 07:48 on Sun 19 Jan to 08:05 on Mon 20 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-19T05:48:01Z → 2048-01-20T06:05:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:42–12:30 on the 19th, 11:42–12:30 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 13026 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Pañcamī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 19 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śrī Pañcamī 2048 falls on Sunday 19 January. Pañcamī runs from 07:48 on Sun 19 Jan to 08:05 on Mon 20 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/shri-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vasanta-panchami", "festival": "vasanta-panchami", "name": "Vasanta Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13026, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2048-01-19T07:48:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-19T05:48:01Z", "ms": 2463025680923.8774 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-20T08:05:04+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-20T06:05:04Z", "ms": 2463113104494.205 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-01-19T07:48:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-19T05:48:01Z", "ms": 2463025680923.8774 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-20T08:05:04+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-20T06:05:04Z", "ms": 2463113104494.205 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-19T11:41:52+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-19T09:41:52Z", "ms": 2463039712423.135 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-19T12:29:52+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-19T10:29:52Z", "ms": 2463042592423.135 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-01-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-20T11:42:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-20T09:42:11Z", "ms": 2463126130811.4604 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-20T12:30:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-20T10:30:11Z", "ms": 2463129010811.4604 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 07:48 on Sun 19 Jan to 08:05 on Mon 20 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-19T05:48:01Z → 2048-01-20T06:05:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:42–12:30 on the 19th, 11:42–12:30 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13026 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasanta Pañcamī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 19 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasanta-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vasanta Pañcamī 2048 falls on Sunday 19 January. Pañcamī runs from 07:48 on Sun 19 Jan to 08:05 on Mon 20 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vasanta-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ratha-saptami", "festival": "ratha-saptami", "name": "Ratha Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8218, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2048-01-21T09:07:48+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-21T07:07:48Z", "ms": 2463203267825.535 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-22T10:51:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-22T08:51:37Z", "ms": 2463295896725.502 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-01-21T09:07:48+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-21T07:07:48Z", "ms": 2463203267825.535 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-22T10:51:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-22T08:51:37Z", "ms": 2463295896725.502 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-21T05:02:53+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-21T03:02:53Z", "ms": 2463188573168.359 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-21T06:50:50+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-21T04:50:50Z", "ms": 2463195049830.5254 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-01-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-22T05:02:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-22T03:02:44Z", "ms": 2463274964030.905 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-22T06:50:31+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-22T04:50:31Z", "ms": 2463281431260.6396 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 09:08 on Tue 21 Jan to 10:52 on Wed 22 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-21T07:07:48Z → 2048-01-22T08:51:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:03–06:51 on the 21st, 05:03–06:51 on the 22nd.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 108 minutes on the 21st and 108 of 108 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8218 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ratha Saptamī, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 22 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ratha-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Ratha saptami (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise), Acala saptami, Vidhana saptami, Arogya saptami [purvaviddha]." } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Ratha Saptamī 2048 falls on Wednesday 22 January. Saptamī runs from 09:08 on Tue 21 Jan to 10:52 on Wed 22 Jan and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ratha-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-01-26", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Jayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35768, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-01-25T18:22:20+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-25T16:22:20Z", "ms": 2463582139594.792 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-26T20:52:26+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-26T18:52:26Z", "ms": 2463677545818.196 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-01-25T18:22:20+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-25T16:22:20Z", "ms": 2463582139594.792 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-26T20:52:26+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-26T18:52:26Z", "ms": 2463677545818.196 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-26T06:49:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-26T04:49:01Z", "ms": 2463626940830.9507 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-26T06:49:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-26T04:49:01Z", "ms": 2463626940830.9507 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-01-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-27T06:48:34+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-27T04:48:34Z", "ms": 2463713314265.829 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-27T06:48:34+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-27T04:48:34Z", "ms": 2463713314265.829 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:22 on Sat 25 Jan to 20:52 on Sun 26 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-25T16:22:20Z → 2048-01-26T18:52:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:49 on the 26th and 06:49 on the 27th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 26th and is not on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35768 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jayā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 26 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Jayā Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Sunday 26 January. Ekādaśī runs from 18:22 on Sat 25 Jan to 20:52 on Sun 26 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-01-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/bhishma-dvadashi", "festival": "bhishma-dvadashi", "name": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30041, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-01-26T20:52:26+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-26T18:52:26Z", "ms": 2463677545818.196 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-27T23:00:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-27T21:00:59Z", "ms": 2463771658770.395 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-01-26T20:52:26+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-26T18:52:26Z", "ms": 2463677545818.196 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-27T23:00:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-27T21:00:59Z", "ms": 2463771658770.395 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-26T11:43:45+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-26T09:43:45Z", "ms": 2463644624674.669 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-26T12:31:45+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-26T10:31:45Z", "ms": 2463647504674.669 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-01-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-27T11:43:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-27T09:43:57Z", "ms": 2463731037493.9395 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-27T12:31:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-27T10:31:57Z", "ms": 2463733917493.9395 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 20:52 on Sun 26 Jan to 23:01 on Mon 27 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-26T18:52:26Z → 2048-01-27T21:00:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:44–12:32 on the 26th, 11:44–12:32 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 30041 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī, Giza, 2048: Monday 27 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhishma-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Bhisma dvadasi (purvaviddha), Amalaki dvadasi, Santana dvadasi, Varaha dvadasi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Bhīṣma Dvādaśī 2048 falls on Monday 27 January. Dvādaśī runs from 20:52 on Sun 26 Jan to 23:01 on Mon 27 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/bhishma-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-01-28", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13612, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-01-27T23:00:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-27T21:00:59Z", "ms": 2463771658770.395 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-29T00:39:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-28T22:39:44Z", "ms": 2463863984113.366 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-01-27T23:00:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-27T21:00:59Z", "ms": 2463771658770.395 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-29T00:39:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-28T22:39:44Z", "ms": 2463863984113.366 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-27T17:27:21+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-27T15:27:21Z", "ms": 2463751640722.0493 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-27T19:14:07+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-27T17:14:07Z", "ms": 2463758046779.671 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-01-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-28T17:28:13+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-28T15:28:13Z", "ms": 2463838092831.3003 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-28T19:14:48+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-28T17:14:48Z", "ms": 2463844487989.33 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:01 on Mon 27 Jan to 00:40 on Wed 29 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-27T21:00:59Z → 2048-01-28T22:39:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:27–19:14 on the 27th, 17:28–19:15 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 107 minutes on the 27th and 107 of 107 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13612 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 28 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Tuesday 28 January. Trayodaśī runs from 23:01 on Mon 27 Jan to 00:40 on Wed 29 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-01-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/maghi-purnima", "festival": "maghi-purnima", "name": "Māghī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-01-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34217, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2048-01-30T01:44:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-29T23:44:27Z", "ms": 2463954266519.054 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-31T02:14:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-31T00:14:23Z", "ms": 2464042463361.607 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-01-30T01:44:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-29T23:44:27Z", "ms": 2463954266519.054 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-31T02:14:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-31T00:14:23Z", "ms": 2464042463361.607 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-01-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-30T11:44:31+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-30T09:44:31Z", "ms": 2463990271024.25 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-30T12:32:31+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-30T10:32:31Z", "ms": 2463993151024.25 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-01-31T11:44:41+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-31T09:44:41Z", "ms": 2464076680558.252 }, "end": { "local": "2048-01-31T12:32:41+02:00", "utc": "2048-01-31T10:32:41Z", "ms": 2464079560558.252 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 01:44 on Thu 30 Jan to 02:14 on Fri 31 Jan.", "fact": "2048-01-29T23:44:27Z → 2048-01-31T00:14:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 30th, 11:45–12:33 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34217 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Māghī Pūrṇimā, Giza, 2048: Thursday 30 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maghi-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Maghi purnima (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-01-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Māghī Pūrṇimā 2048 falls on Thursday 30 January. Pūrṇimā runs from 01:44 on Thu 30 Jan to 02:14 on Fri 31 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/maghi-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-02-03", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-02-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8078, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-02-03T00:43:07+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-02T22:43:07Z", "ms": 2464296186804.9746 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-03T23:26:39+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-03T21:26:39Z", "ms": 2464377998846.137 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-02-03T00:43:07+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-02T22:43:07Z", "ms": 2464296186804.9746 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-03T23:26:39+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-03T21:26:39Z", "ms": 2464377998846.137 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-02-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-02T20:10:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-02T18:10:44Z", "ms": 2464279844099.306 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-02T20:10:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-02T18:10:44Z", "ms": 2464279844099.306 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-02-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-03T21:12:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-03T19:12:00Z", "ms": 2464369920494.958 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-03T21:12:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-03T19:12:00Z", "ms": 2464369920494.958 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:43 on Mon 3 Feb to 23:27 on Mon 3 Feb.", "fact": "2048-02-02T22:43:07Z → 2048-02-03T21:26:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:11 on the 2nd and 21:12 on the 3rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 2nd and is on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8078 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Monday 3 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-02-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-02-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2048 falls on Monday 3 February. Caturthī runs from 00:43 on Mon 3 Feb to 23:27 on Mon 3 Feb and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-02-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-02-10", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Vijayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-02-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11476, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-02-09T12:00:40+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-09T10:00:40Z", "ms": 2464855239921.4263 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-10T09:51:06+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-10T07:51:06Z", "ms": 2464933866371.8936 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-02-09T12:00:40+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-09T10:00:40Z", "ms": 2464855239921.4263 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-10T09:51:06+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-10T07:51:06Z", "ms": 2464933866371.8936 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-02-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-09T06:40:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-09T04:40:37Z", "ms": 2464836036516.161 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-09T06:40:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-09T04:40:37Z", "ms": 2464836036516.161 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-10T06:39:50+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-10T04:39:50Z", "ms": 2464922390449.7974 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-10T06:39:50+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-10T04:39:50Z", "ms": 2464922390449.7974 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:01 on Sun 9 Feb to 09:51 on Mon 10 Feb.", "fact": "2048-02-09T10:00:40Z → 2048-02-10T07:51:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:41 on the 9th and 06:40 on the 10th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 9th and is on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11476 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Monday 10 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vijayā Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Monday 10 February. Ekādaśī runs from 12:01 on Sun 9 Feb to 09:51 on Mon 10 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-02-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-02-11", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-02-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35735, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-02-11T07:44:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-11T05:44:27Z", "ms": 2465012667060.128 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-12T05:45:10+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-12T03:45:10Z", "ms": 2465091910115.81 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-02-11T07:44:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-11T05:44:27Z", "ms": 2465012667060.128 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-12T05:45:10+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-12T03:45:10Z", "ms": 2465091910115.81 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-11T17:40:02+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-11T15:40:02Z", "ms": 2465048402000.3413 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-11T19:23:48+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-11T17:23:48Z", "ms": 2465054627697.8125 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-02-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-12T17:40:51+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-12T15:40:51Z", "ms": 2465134850593.9385 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-12T19:24:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-12T17:24:23Z", "ms": 2465141063198.412 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 07:44 on Tue 11 Feb to 05:45 on Wed 12 Feb.", "fact": "2048-02-11T05:44:27Z → 2048-02-12T03:45:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:40–19:24 on the 11th, 17:41–19:24 on the 12th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 104 of 104 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 104 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35735 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 11 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Tuesday 11 February. Trayodaśī runs from 07:44 on Tue 11 Feb to 05:45 on Wed 12 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-02-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/maha-shivaratri", "festival": "maha-shivaratri", "name": "Mahāśivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-02-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12338, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-02-12T05:45:10+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-12T03:45:10Z", "ms": 2465091910115.81 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-13T03:58:46+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-13T01:58:46Z", "ms": 2465171926358.459 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-02-12T05:45:10+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-12T03:45:10Z", "ms": 2465091910115.81 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-13T03:58:46+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-13T01:58:46Z", "ms": 2465171926358.459 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-11T23:45:08+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-11T21:45:08Z", "ms": 2465070308365.8584 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-12T00:33:08+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-11T22:33:08Z", "ms": 2465073188365.8584 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-02-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-12T23:45:08+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-12T21:45:08Z", "ms": 2465156707860.715 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-13T00:33:08+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-12T22:33:08Z", "ms": 2465159587860.715 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:45 on Wed 12 Feb to 03:59 on Thu 13 Feb.", "fact": "2048-02-12T03:45:10Z → 2048-02-13T01:58:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:45–00:33 on the 11th, 23:45–00:33 on the 12th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 12338 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāśivarātri, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 12 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maha-shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day" } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-02-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-02-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mahāśivarātri 2048 falls on Wednesday 12 February. Caturdaśī runs from 05:45 on Wed 12 Feb to 03:59 on Thu 13 Feb and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/maha-shivaratri", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-02-17", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-02-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35082, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-02-17T01:10:51+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-16T23:10:51Z", "ms": 2465507451486.635 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-18T02:00:35+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-18T00:00:35Z", "ms": 2465596835255.983 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-02-17T01:10:51+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-16T23:10:51Z", "ms": 2465507451486.635 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-18T02:00:35+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-18T00:00:35Z", "ms": 2465596835255.983 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-02-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-17T11:45:22+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-17T09:45:22Z", "ms": 2465545521855.551 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-17T12:33:22+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-17T10:33:22Z", "ms": 2465548401855.551 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-02-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-18T11:45:18+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-18T09:45:18Z", "ms": 2465631917515.4087 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-18T12:33:18+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-18T10:33:18Z", "ms": 2465634797515.4087 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:11 on Mon 17 Feb to 02:01 on Tue 18 Feb.", "fact": "2048-02-16T23:10:51Z → 2048-02-18T00:00:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 17th, 11:45–12:33 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35082 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Monday 17 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-02-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-02-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2048 falls on Monday 17 February. Caturthī runs from 01:11 on Mon 17 Feb to 02:01 on Tue 18 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-02-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-02-25", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-02-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32399, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-02-24T15:27:10+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-24T13:27:10Z", "ms": 2466163629541.101 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-25T17:05:08+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-25T15:05:08Z", "ms": 2466255908243.185 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-02-24T15:27:10+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-24T13:27:10Z", "ms": 2466163629541.101 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-25T17:05:08+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-25T15:05:08Z", "ms": 2466255908243.185 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-02-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-24T06:27:10+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-24T04:27:10Z", "ms": 2466131230449.1045 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-24T06:27:10+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-24T04:27:10Z", "ms": 2466131230449.1045 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-02-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-25T06:26:09+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-25T04:26:09Z", "ms": 2466217569003.3833 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-25T06:26:09+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-25T04:26:09Z", "ms": 2466217569003.3833 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:27 on Mon 24 Feb to 17:05 on Tue 25 Feb.", "fact": "2048-02-24T13:27:10Z → 2048-02-25T15:05:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:27 on the 24th and 06:26 on the 25th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 32399 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 25 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-02-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-02-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Āmalakī Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Tuesday 25 February. Ekādaśī runs from 15:27 on Mon 24 Feb to 17:05 on Tue 25 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-02-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-02-26", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-02-26", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 616, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-02-26T18:01:47+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-26T16:01:47Z", "ms": 2466345706512.7686 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-27T18:14:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-27T16:14:27Z", "ms": 2466432867381.1553 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-02-26T18:01:47+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-26T16:01:47Z", "ms": 2466345706512.7686 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-27T18:14:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-27T16:14:27Z", "ms": 2466432867381.1553 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-02-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-26T17:51:31+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-26T15:51:31Z", "ms": 2466345090627.212 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-26T19:31:51+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-26T17:31:51Z", "ms": 2466351111041.949 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 100, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-02-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-27T17:52:13+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-27T15:52:13Z", "ms": 2466431533391.0825 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-27T19:32:20+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-27T17:32:20Z", "ms": 2466437539602.8345 } }, "covered_min": 22, "window_min": 100, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 18:02 on Wed 26 Feb to 18:14 on Thu 27 Feb.", "fact": "2048-02-26T16:01:47Z → 2048-02-27T16:14:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:52–19:32 on the 26th, 17:52–19:32 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 90 of 100 minutes on the 26th and 22 of 100 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 616 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 26 February.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-02-26", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-02-26", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Wednesday 26 February. Trayodaśī runs from 18:02 on Wed 26 Feb to 18:14 on Thu 27 Feb and covers 90 of 100 minutes of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 22 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-02-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/holika-dahana", "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-02-29", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 480, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2048-02-28T17:44:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-28T15:44:56Z", "ms": 2466517496062.7046 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-29T16:38:13+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-29T14:38:13Z", "ms": 2466599892638.007 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-02-28T17:44:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-28T15:44:56Z", "ms": 2466517496062.7046 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-29T16:38:13+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-29T14:38:13Z", "ms": 2466599892638.007 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-02-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-28T15:34:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-28T13:34:57Z", "ms": 2466509696623.893 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-28T17:52:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-28T15:52:56Z", "ms": 2466517975785.0605 } }, "covered_min": 8, "window_min": 138, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-02-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-29T15:35:17+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-29T13:35:17Z", "ms": 2466596117358.3564 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-29T17:53:38+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-29T15:53:38Z", "ms": 2466604417819.996 } }, "covered_min": 63, "window_min": 138, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:45 on Fri 28 Feb to 16:38 on Sat 29 Feb.", "fact": "2048-02-28T15:44:56Z → 2048-02-29T14:38:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 15:35–17:53 on the 28th, 15:35–17:54 on the 29th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 8 of 138 minutes on the 28th and 63 of 138 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both late afternoons qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 480 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holikā Dahana, Giza, 2048: Saturday 29 February.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holika-dahana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "not_evaluated": "The hour the row gives for the rite (\"it should be observed on second half of purnima at night\") is not tested: sāyāhna alone settles the day.", "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-02-29", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-02-29", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Holikā Dahana 2048 falls on Saturday 29 February. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:45 on Fri 28 Feb to 16:38 on Sat 29 Feb and covers 63 of 138 minutes of sāyāhna that late afternoon. It also reaches the previous late afternoon for 8 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/holika-dahana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/holi", "festival": "holi", "name": "Holī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-03-01", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 480, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2048-02-28T17:44:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-28T15:44:56Z", "ms": 2466517496062.7046 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-29T16:38:13+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-29T14:38:13Z", "ms": 2466599892638.007 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-02-28T17:44:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-28T15:44:56Z", "ms": 2466517496062.7046 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-29T16:38:13+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-29T14:38:13Z", "ms": 2466599892638.007 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-02-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-28T15:34:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-28T13:34:57Z", "ms": 2466509696623.893 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-28T17:52:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-28T15:52:56Z", "ms": 2466517975785.0605 } }, "covered_min": 8, "window_min": 138, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-02-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-29T15:35:17+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-29T13:35:17Z", "ms": 2466596117358.3564 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-29T17:53:38+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-29T15:53:38Z", "ms": 2466604417819.996 } }, "covered_min": 63, "window_min": 138, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "local_date": "2048-02-29", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:45 on Fri 28 Feb to 16:38 on Sat 29 Feb.", "fact": "2048-02-28T15:44:56Z → 2048-02-29T14:38:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 15:35–17:53 on the 28th, 15:35–17:54 on the 29th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 8 of 138 minutes on the 28th and 63 of 138 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both late afternoons qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 480 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Holī is kept the day after Holikā Dahana: Saturday 29 February is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: holika-dahana + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 1 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holi", "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-01", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-01", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Holī 2048 falls on Sunday 1 March. It is kept the day after Holikā Dahana, which falls on Saturday 29 February. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:45 on Fri 28 Feb to 16:38 on Sat 29 Feb and covers 63 of 138 minutes of sāyāhna on the 29th. It also reaches the previous late afternoon for 8 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/holi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vasantotsava", "festival": "vasantotsava", "name": "Vasantotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-03-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31229, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 15, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2048-02-29T16:38:13+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-29T14:38:13Z", "ms": 2466599892638.007 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-01T15:01:19+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-01T13:01:19Z", "ms": 2466680479135.836 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-02-29T16:38:13+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-29T14:38:13Z", "ms": 2466599892638.007 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-01T15:01:19+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-01T13:01:19Z", "ms": 2466680479135.836 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-02-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-02-29T06:21:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-29T04:21:56Z", "ms": 2466562915511.7974 }, "end": { "local": "2048-02-29T06:21:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-02-29T04:21:56Z", "ms": 2466562915511.7974 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-03-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-03-01T06:20:50+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-01T04:20:50Z", "ms": 2466649250367.0415 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-01T06:20:50+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-01T04:20:50Z", "ms": 2466649250367.0415 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 16:38 on Sat 29 Feb to 15:01 on Sun 1 Mar.", "fact": "2048-02-29T14:38:13Z → 2048-03-01T13:01:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:22 on the 29th and 06:21 on the 1st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 29th and is on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 31229 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasantotsava, Giza, 2048: Sunday 1 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasantotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 1 Vasantotsava (current at sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vasantotsava 2048 falls on Sunday 1 March. Pratipadā runs from 16:38 on Sat 29 Feb to 15:01 on Sun 1 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vasantotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-03-03", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-03-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37273, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-03-03T10:49:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-03T08:49:01Z", "ms": 2466838141210.9526 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-04T08:29:06+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-04T06:29:06Z", "ms": 2466916145850.0664 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-03-03T10:49:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-03T08:49:01Z", "ms": 2466838141210.9526 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-04T08:29:06+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-04T06:29:06Z", "ms": 2466916145850.0664 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-03-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-03-03T21:10:14+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-03T19:10:14Z", "ms": 2466875414306.613 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-03T21:10:14+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-03T19:10:14Z", "ms": 2466875414306.613 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-03-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-03-04T22:17:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-04T20:17:15Z", "ms": 2466965835042.5093 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-04T22:17:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-04T20:17:15Z", "ms": 2466965835042.5093 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 10:49 on Tue 3 Mar to 08:29 on Wed 4 Mar.", "fact": "2048-03-03T08:49:01Z → 2048-03-04T06:29:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:10 on the 3rd and 22:17 on the 4th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 3rd and is not on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37273 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 3 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2048 falls on Tuesday 3 March. Caturthī runs from 10:49 on Tue 3 Mar to 08:29 on Wed 4 Mar and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-03-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/shitalashtami", "festival": "shitalashtami", "name": "Śītalāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-03-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35812, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2048-03-07T01:45:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-06T23:45:23Z", "ms": 2467151122608.646 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-07T23:47:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-07T21:47:44Z", "ms": 2467230464328.9185 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-03-07T01:45:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-06T23:45:23Z", "ms": 2467151122608.646 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-07T23:47:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-07T21:47:44Z", "ms": 2467230464328.9185 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-03-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-03-07T11:42:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-07T09:42:15Z", "ms": 2467186935078.9976 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-07T12:30:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-07T10:30:15Z", "ms": 2467189815078.9976 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-03-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-03-08T11:42:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-08T09:42:00Z", "ms": 2467273320392.2734 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-08T12:30:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-08T10:30:00Z", "ms": 2467276200392.2734 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 01:45 on Sat 7 Mar to 23:48 on Sat 7 Mar.", "fact": "2048-03-06T23:45:23Z → 2048-03-07T21:47:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:42–12:30 on the 7th, 11:42–12:30 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 35812 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalāṣṭamī, Giza, 2048: Saturday 7 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitalashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Sitalastami, (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śītalāṣṭamī 2048 falls on Saturday 7 March. Aṣṭamī runs from 01:45 on Sat 7 Mar to 23:48 on Sat 7 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/shitalashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-03-10", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-03-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35044, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-03-09T20:26:35+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-09T18:26:35Z", "ms": 2467391195248.0176 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-10T19:04:32+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-10T17:04:32Z", "ms": 2467472672059.691 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-03-09T20:26:35+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-09T18:26:35Z", "ms": 2467391195248.0176 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-10T19:04:32+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-10T17:04:32Z", "ms": 2467472672059.691 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-03-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-03-10T06:10:39+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-10T04:10:39Z", "ms": 2467426238816.5234 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-10T06:10:39+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-10T04:10:39Z", "ms": 2467426238816.5234 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-03-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-03-11T06:09:29+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-11T04:09:29Z", "ms": 2467512568622.1904 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-11T06:09:29+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-11T04:09:29Z", "ms": 2467512568622.1904 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:27 on Mon 9 Mar to 19:05 on Tue 10 Mar.", "fact": "2048-03-09T18:26:35Z → 2048-03-10T17:04:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:11 on the 10th and 06:09 on the 11th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 10th and is not on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35044 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 10 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Tuesday 10 March. Ekādaśī runs from 20:27 on Mon 9 Mar to 19:05 on Tue 10 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-03-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-03-11", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-03-11", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 263, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-03-11T17:56:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-11T15:56:37Z", "ms": 2467554997040.537 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-12T17:05:22+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-12T15:05:22Z", "ms": 2467638321857.656 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-03-11T17:56:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-11T15:56:37Z", "ms": 2467554997040.537 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-12T17:05:22+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-12T15:05:22Z", "ms": 2467638321857.656 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-03-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-03-11T18:01:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-11T16:01:00Z", "ms": 2467555260114.496 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-11T19:37:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-11T17:37:59Z", "ms": 2467561078510.359 } }, "covered_min": 97, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-03-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-03-12T18:01:39+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-12T16:01:39Z", "ms": 2467641698779.3857 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-12T19:38:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-12T17:38:23Z", "ms": 2467647502572.3486 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:57 on Wed 11 Mar to 17:05 on Thu 12 Mar.", "fact": "2048-03-11T15:56:37Z → 2048-03-12T15:05:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:01–19:38 on the 11th, 18:02–19:38 on the 12th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 97 of 97 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 97 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 263 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 11 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-11", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-11", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Wednesday 11 March. Trayodaśī runs from 17:57 on Wed 11 Mar to 17:05 on Thu 12 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It is 4 min 23 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-03-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-03-12", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-03-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23701, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-03-12T17:05:22+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-12T15:05:22Z", "ms": 2467638321857.656 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-13T16:34:20+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-13T14:34:20Z", "ms": 2467722859610.025 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-03-12T17:05:22+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-12T15:05:22Z", "ms": 2467638321857.656 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-13T16:34:20+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-13T14:34:20Z", "ms": 2467722859610.025 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-03-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-03-12T23:40:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-12T21:40:23Z", "ms": 2467662023002.996 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-13T00:28:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-12T22:28:23Z", "ms": 2467664903002.996 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-03-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-03-13T23:40:07+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-13T21:40:07Z", "ms": 2467748406650.408 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-14T00:28:07+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-13T22:28:07Z", "ms": 2467751286650.408 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 17:05 on Thu 12 Mar to 16:34 on Fri 13 Mar.", "fact": "2048-03-12T15:05:22Z → 2048-03-13T14:34:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:40–00:28 on the 12th, 23:40–00:28 on the 13th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23701 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2048: Thursday 12 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2048 falls on Thursday 12 March. Caturdaśī runs from 17:05 on Thu 12 Mar to 16:34 on Fri 13 Mar and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-03-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-03-18", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-03-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24264, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-03-17T19:11:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-17T17:11:59Z", "ms": 2468077919318.6313 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-18T21:11:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-18T19:11:00Z", "ms": 2468171460333.9995 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-03-17T19:11:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-17T17:11:59Z", "ms": 2468077919318.6313 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-18T21:11:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-18T19:11:00Z", "ms": 2468171460333.9995 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-03-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-03-17T11:39:35+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-17T09:39:35Z", "ms": 2468050775038.582 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-17T12:27:35+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-17T10:27:35Z", "ms": 2468053655038.582 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-03-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-03-18T11:39:18+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-18T09:39:18Z", "ms": 2468137157737.3223 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-18T12:27:18+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-18T10:27:18Z", "ms": 2468140037737.3223 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:12 on Tue 17 Mar to 21:11 on Wed 18 Mar.", "fact": "2048-03-17T17:11:59Z → 2048-03-18T19:11:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 17th, 11:39–12:27 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 48 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24264 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 18 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2048 falls on Wednesday 18 March. Caturthī runs from 19:12 on Tue 17 Mar to 21:11 on Wed 18 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-03-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-03-26", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Śukla Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-03-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15233, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-03-25T10:06:35+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-25T08:06:35Z", "ms": 2468736394518.384 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-26T10:24:03+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-26T08:24:03Z", "ms": 2468823843237.024 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-03-25T10:06:35+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-25T08:06:35Z", "ms": 2468736394518.384 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-26T10:24:03+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-26T08:24:03Z", "ms": 2468823843237.024 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-03-25T05:52:42+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-25T03:52:42Z", "ms": 2468721161596.966 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-25T05:52:42+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-25T03:52:42Z", "ms": 2468721161596.966 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-03-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-03-26T05:51:29+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-26T03:51:29Z", "ms": 2468807488994.8394 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-26T05:51:29+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-26T03:51:29Z", "ms": 2468807488994.8394 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:07 on Wed 25 Mar to 10:24 on Thu 26 Mar.", "fact": "2048-03-25T08:06:35Z → 2048-03-26T08:24:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:53 on the 25th and 05:51 on the 26th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 25th and is on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15233 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Thursday 26 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Thursday 26 March. Ekādaśī runs from 10:07 on Wed 25 Mar to 10:24 on Thu 26 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-03-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-03-27", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-03-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29963, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-03-27T09:51:34+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-27T07:51:34Z", "ms": 2468908293979.961 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-28T08:32:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-28T06:32:37Z", "ms": 2468989956796.6724 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-03-27T09:51:34+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-27T07:51:34Z", "ms": 2468908293979.961 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-28T08:32:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-28T06:32:37Z", "ms": 2468989956796.6724 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-03-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-03-27T18:10:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-27T16:10:57Z", "ms": 2468938257211.872 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-27T19:44:02+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-27T17:44:02Z", "ms": 2468943842116.274 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-03-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-03-28T18:11:33+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-28T16:11:33Z", "ms": 2469024693493.665 }, "end": { "local": "2048-03-28T19:44:24+02:00", "utc": "2048-03-28T17:44:24Z", "ms": 2469030263915.326 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 09:52 on Fri 27 Mar to 08:33 on Sat 28 Mar.", "fact": "2048-03-27T07:51:34Z → 2048-03-28T06:32:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:11–19:44 on the 27th, 18:12–19:44 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 93 of 93 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 93 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29963 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Friday 27 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-03-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Friday 27 March. Trayodaśī runs from 09:52 on Fri 27 Mar to 08:33 on Sat 28 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-03-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-04-01", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-04-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7359, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-04-01T19:08:42+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-01T17:08:42Z", "ms": 2469373722080.337 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-02T16:11:52+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-02T14:11:52Z", "ms": 2469449512266.493 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-04-01T19:08:42+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-01T17:08:42Z", "ms": 2469373722080.337 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-02T16:11:52+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-02T14:11:52Z", "ms": 2469449512266.493 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-01T21:11:21+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-01T19:11:21Z", "ms": 2469381081405.542 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-01T21:11:21+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-01T19:11:21Z", "ms": 2469381081405.542 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-04-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-02T22:19:29+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-02T20:19:29Z", "ms": 2469471569495.127 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-02T22:19:29+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-02T20:19:29Z", "ms": 2469471569495.127 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:09 on Wed 1 Apr to 16:12 on Thu 2 Apr.", "fact": "2048-04-01T17:08:42Z → 2048-04-02T14:11:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:11 on the 1st and 22:19 on the 2nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 1st and is not on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7359 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 1 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2048 falls on Wednesday 1 April. Caturthī runs from 19:09 on Wed 1 Apr to 16:12 on Thu 2 Apr and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-04-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-04-08", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-04-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 743, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-04-08T05:23:39+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-08T03:23:39Z", "ms": 2469929018902.6133 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-09T04:58:54+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-09T02:58:54Z", "ms": 2470013933891.925 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-04-08T05:23:39+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-08T03:23:39Z", "ms": 2469929018902.6133 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-09T04:58:54+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-09T02:58:54Z", "ms": 2470013933891.925 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-08T05:36:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-08T03:36:01Z", "ms": 2469929761438.766 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-08T05:36:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-08T03:36:01Z", "ms": 2469929761438.766 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-09T05:34:52+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-09T03:34:52Z", "ms": 2470016092385.264 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-09T05:34:52+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-09T03:34:52Z", "ms": 2470016092385.264 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:24 on Wed 8 Apr to 04:59 on Thu 9 Apr.", "fact": "2048-04-08T03:23:39Z → 2048-04-09T02:58:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:36 on the 8th and 05:35 on the 9th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 8th and is not on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 743 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 8 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Wednesday 8 April. Ekādaśī runs from 05:24 on Wed 8 Apr to 04:59 on Thu 9 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-04-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-04-10", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-04-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32927, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-04-10T04:57:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-10T02:57:37Z", "ms": 2470100256588.0806 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-11T05:20:05+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-11T03:20:05Z", "ms": 2470188005131.57 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-04-10T04:57:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-10T02:57:37Z", "ms": 2470100256588.0806 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-11T05:20:05+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-11T03:20:05Z", "ms": 2470188005131.57 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-09T18:18:50+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-09T16:18:50Z", "ms": 2470061930028.403 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-09T19:48:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-09T17:48:49Z", "ms": 2470067329197.7783 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-10T18:19:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-10T16:19:27Z", "ms": 2470148366846.0835 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-10T19:49:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-10T17:49:12Z", "ms": 2470153752027.127 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 04:58 on Fri 10 Apr to 05:20 on Sat 11 Apr.", "fact": "2048-04-10T02:57:37Z → 2048-04-11T03:20:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:19–19:49 on the 9th, 18:19–19:49 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 90 minutes on the 9th and 90 of 90 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32927 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Friday 10 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Friday 10 April. Trayodaśī runs from 04:58 on Fri 10 Apr to 05:20 on Sat 11 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-04-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-04-11", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-04-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18004, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-04-11T05:20:05+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-11T03:20:05Z", "ms": 2470188005131.57 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-12T06:07:10+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-12T04:07:10Z", "ms": 2470277230056.5615 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-04-11T05:20:05+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-11T03:20:05Z", "ms": 2470188005131.57 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-12T06:07:10+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-12T04:07:10Z", "ms": 2470277230056.5615 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-10T23:32:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-10T21:32:01Z", "ms": 2470167121274.997 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-11T00:20:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-10T22:20:01Z", "ms": 2470170001274.997 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-11T23:31:46+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-11T21:31:46Z", "ms": 2470253505942.3687 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-12T00:19:46+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-11T22:19:46Z", "ms": 2470256385942.3687 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:20 on Sat 11 Apr to 06:07 on Sun 12 Apr.", "fact": "2048-04-11T03:20:05Z → 2048-04-12T04:07:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:32–00:20 on the 10th, 23:32–00:20 on the 11th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18004 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2048: Saturday 11 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2048 falls on Saturday 11 April. Caturdaśī runs from 05:20 on Sat 11 Apr to 06:07 on Sun 12 Apr and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-04-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vaishakhi", "festival": "vaishakhi", "name": "Vaiśākhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29474, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 0, "key": "mesha", "name": "Meṣa", "start": { "local": "2048-04-13T21:18:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-13T19:18:01Z", "ms": 2470418280961.2563 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-14T19:06:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-14T16:06:04Z", "ms": 2473085163798.9663 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2048-04-13T21:18:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-13T19:18:01Z", "ms": 2470418280961.2563 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-13T21:18:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-13T19:18:01Z", "ms": 2470418280961.2563 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-13T05:30:21+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-13T03:30:21Z", "ms": 2470361421086.428 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-14T05:29:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-14T03:29:15Z", "ms": 2470447754611.5747 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-14T05:29:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-14T03:29:15Z", "ms": 2470447754611.5747 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-15T05:28:09+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-15T03:28:09Z", "ms": 2470534088724.3696 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Meṣa at 21:18 on Mon 13 Apr.", "fact": "2048-04-13T19:18:01Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 05:30 on the 13th, and from 05:29 on the 14th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from sunrise. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunrise → only-day · margin 29474 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaiśākhī, Giza, 2048: Monday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "vaishakhi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Mesadi — Cadaka puja (Bengal), Bahag Bihu (Assam), Cheiraoba (Manipur), Visu (T. C. State), Vaisakhi (on the samkramana day commencing from sunrise)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The other names in the row (Cadaka puja, Bahag Bihu, Cheiraoba, Visu) are regional observances and wait with the regional rows.", "rashi": "Meṣa", "day_from": "sunrise" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2048-04-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "2048-04-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vaiśākhī 2048 falls on Monday 13 April. The Sun enters Meṣa at 21:18 on Mon 13 Apr, and the rule counts the day from sunrise. By the Tamil rule for the first day of a solar month, which gives a transit after sunset to the next day, it is 14 April.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vaishakhi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "festival": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "name": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra)", "everyday": "Chaitra Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9195, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2048-04-13T07:19:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-13T05:19:49Z", "ms": 2470367988755.6436 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-14T08:58:20+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-14T06:58:20Z", "ms": 2470460299888.348 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-04-13T07:19:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-13T05:19:49Z", "ms": 2470367988755.6436 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-14T08:58:20+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-14T06:58:20Z", "ms": 2470460299888.348 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-13T11:31:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-13T09:31:49Z", "ms": 2470383109483.93 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-13T12:19:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-13T10:19:49Z", "ms": 2470385989483.93 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-14T11:31:35+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-14T09:31:35Z", "ms": 2470469494851.711 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-14T12:19:35+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-14T10:19:35Z", "ms": 2470472374851.711 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 07:20 on Mon 13 Apr to 08:58 on Tue 14 Apr.", "fact": "2048-04-13T05:19:49Z → 2048-04-14T06:58:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:32–12:20 on the 13th, 11:32–12:20 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9195 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra), Giza, 2048: Monday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Navarātrārambha (Caitra) (Chaitra Navratri) 2048 falls on Monday 13 April. Pratipadā runs from 07:20 on Mon 13 Apr to 08:58 on Tue 14 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/gauri-tritiya", "festival": "gauri-tritiya", "name": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Gangaur", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-04-15", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1796, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2048-04-15T11:01:24+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-15T09:01:24Z", "ms": 2470554084360.4556 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-16T13:25:05+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-16T11:25:05Z", "ms": 2470649104872.806 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-04-15T11:01:24+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-15T09:01:24Z", "ms": 2470554084360.4556 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-16T13:25:05+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-16T11:25:05Z", "ms": 2470649104872.806 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-15T11:31:21+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-15T09:31:21Z", "ms": 2470555880563.3984 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-15T12:19:21+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-15T10:19:21Z", "ms": 2470558760563.3984 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-16T11:31:07+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-16T09:31:07Z", "ms": 2470642266630.8164 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-16T12:19:07+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-16T10:19:07Z", "ms": 2470645146630.8164 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 11:01 on Wed 15 Apr to 13:25 on Thu 16 Apr.", "fact": "2048-04-15T09:01:24Z → 2048-04-16T11:25:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:31–12:19 on the 15th, 11:31–12:19 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1796 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 15 April.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gauri-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-15", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-16", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Gaurī Tṛtīyā (Gangaur) 2048 falls on Wednesday 15 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 11:01 on Wed 15 Apr to 13:25 on Thu 16 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/gauri-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-04-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1796, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2048-04-15T11:01:24+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-15T09:01:24Z", "ms": 2470554084360.4556 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-16T13:25:05+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-16T11:25:05Z", "ms": 2470649104872.806 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-04-15T11:01:24+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-15T09:01:24Z", "ms": 2470554084360.4556 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-16T13:25:05+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-16T11:25:05Z", "ms": 2470649104872.806 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-15T11:31:21+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-15T09:31:21Z", "ms": 2470555880563.3984 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-15T12:19:21+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-15T10:19:21Z", "ms": 2470558760563.3984 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-16T11:31:07+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-16T09:31:07Z", "ms": 2470642266630.8164 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-16T12:19:07+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-16T10:19:07Z", "ms": 2470645146630.8164 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 11:01 on Wed 15 Apr to 13:25 on Thu 16 Apr.", "fact": "2048-04-15T09:01:24Z → 2048-04-16T11:25:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:31–12:19 on the 15th, 11:31–12:19 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 1796 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata, Giza, 2048: Thursday 16 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata 2048 falls on Thursday 16 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 11:01 on Wed 15 Apr to 13:25 on Thu 16 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-04-17", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-04-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3958, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-04-16T13:25:05+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-16T11:25:05Z", "ms": 2470649104872.806 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-17T16:02:02+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-17T14:02:02Z", "ms": 2470744922326.166 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-04-16T13:25:05+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-16T11:25:05Z", "ms": 2470649104872.806 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-17T16:02:02+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-17T14:02:02Z", "ms": 2470744922326.166 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-16T11:31:07+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-16T09:31:07Z", "ms": 2470642266630.8164 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-16T12:19:07+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-16T10:19:07Z", "ms": 2470645146630.8164 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-04-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-17T11:30:53+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-17T09:30:53Z", "ms": 2470728653065.656 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-17T12:18:53+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-17T10:18:53Z", "ms": 2470731533065.656 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:25 on Thu 16 Apr to 16:02 on Fri 17 Apr.", "fact": "2048-04-16T11:25:05Z → 2048-04-17T14:02:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:31–12:19 on the 16th, 11:31–12:19 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3958 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Friday 17 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2048 falls on Friday 17 April. Caturthī runs from 13:25 on Thu 16 Apr to 16:02 on Fri 17 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-04-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/lakshmi-panchami", "festival": "lakshmi-panchami", "name": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-04-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13389, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2048-04-17T16:02:02+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-17T14:02:02Z", "ms": 2470744922326.166 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-18T18:41:31+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-18T16:41:31Z", "ms": 2470840891211.35 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-04-17T16:02:02+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-17T14:02:02Z", "ms": 2470744922326.166 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-18T18:41:31+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-18T16:41:31Z", "ms": 2470840891211.35 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-17T11:30:53+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-17T09:30:53Z", "ms": 2470728653065.656 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-17T12:18:53+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-17T10:18:53Z", "ms": 2470731533065.656 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-04-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-18T11:30:40+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-18T09:30:40Z", "ms": 2470815039879.505 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-18T12:18:40+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-18T10:18:40Z", "ms": 2470817919879.505 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 16:02 on Fri 17 Apr to 18:42 on Sat 18 Apr.", "fact": "2048-04-17T14:02:02Z → 2048-04-18T16:41:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:31–12:19 on the 17th, 11:31–12:19 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 48 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 13389 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī, Giza, 2048: Saturday 18 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "lakshmi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri pancami or Laksmi pancami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Lakṣmī Pañcamī 2048 falls on Saturday 18 April. Pañcamī runs from 16:02 on Fri 17 Apr to 18:42 on Sat 18 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/lakshmi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/bhavani-utpatti", "festival": "bhavani-utpatti", "name": "Bhavānī Utpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-04-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38997, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2048-04-20T23:13:53+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-20T21:13:53Z", "ms": 2471030032987.8555 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-22T00:39:54+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-21T22:39:54Z", "ms": 2471121594219.8433 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-04-20T23:13:53+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-20T21:13:53Z", "ms": 2471030032987.8555 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-22T00:39:54+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-21T22:39:54Z", "ms": 2471121594219.8433 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-21T11:30:03+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-21T09:30:03Z", "ms": 2471074202709.9014 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-21T12:18:03+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-21T10:18:03Z", "ms": 2471077082709.9014 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-04-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-22T11:29:51+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-22T09:29:51Z", "ms": 2471160591154.441 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-22T12:17:51+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-22T10:17:51Z", "ms": 2471163471154.441 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 23:14 on Mon 20 Apr to 00:40 on Wed 22 Apr.", "fact": "2048-04-20T21:13:53Z → 2048-04-21T22:39:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:30–12:18 on the 21st, 11:30–12:18 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 38997 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhavānī Utpatti, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 21 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhavani-utpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Annapurna puja (Beng.) (paraviddha), Bhavani-utpatti (paraviddha), Asokastami (Special when combined with naks. Punarvasu and Wednesday, after mid-day)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Bhavānī Utpatti 2048 falls on Tuesday 21 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 23:14 on Mon 20 Apr to 00:40 on Wed 22 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/bhavani-utpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/rama-navami", "festival": "rama-navami", "name": "Rāma Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-04-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36641, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2048-04-22T00:39:54+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-21T22:39:54Z", "ms": 2471121594219.8433 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-23T01:18:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-22T23:18:59Z", "ms": 2471210338622.0093 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-04-22T00:39:54+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-21T22:39:54Z", "ms": 2471121594219.8433 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-23T01:18:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-22T23:18:59Z", "ms": 2471210338622.0093 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-22T11:29:51+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-22T09:29:51Z", "ms": 2471160591154.441 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-22T12:17:51+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-22T10:17:51Z", "ms": 2471163471154.441 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-04-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-23T11:29:40+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-23T09:29:40Z", "ms": 2471246980035.3994 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-23T12:17:40+02:00", "utc": "2048-04-23T10:17:40Z", "ms": 2471249860035.3994 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 00:40 on Wed 22 Apr to 01:19 on Thu 23 Apr.", "fact": "2048-04-21T22:39:54Z → 2048-04-22T23:18:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:30–12:18 on the 22nd, 11:30–12:18 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36641 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāma Navamī, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 22 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rama-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Ramanavami (madhyahnavyapini, special with Punarvasu naks.), Rama jayanti." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special when it falls with Punarvasu nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Rāma Navamī 2048 falls on Wednesday 22 April. Navamī runs from 00:40 on Wed 22 Apr to 01:19 on Thu 23 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/rama-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-04-24", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-04-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15140, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-04-24T02:06:26+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-23T23:06:26Z", "ms": 2471295986394.559 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-25T01:02:22+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-24T22:02:22Z", "ms": 2471378542294.1084 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-04-24T02:06:26+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-23T23:06:26Z", "ms": 2471295986394.559 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-25T01:02:22+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-24T22:02:22Z", "ms": 2471378542294.1084 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-24T06:18:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-24T03:18:46Z", "ms": 2471311126159.4487 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-24T06:18:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-24T03:18:46Z", "ms": 2471311126159.4487 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-04-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-25T06:17:47+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-25T03:17:47Z", "ms": 2471397467483.8975 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-25T06:17:47+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-25T03:17:47Z", "ms": 2471397467483.8975 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 02:06 on Fri 24 Apr to 01:02 on Sat 25 Apr.", "fact": "2048-04-23T23:06:26Z → 2048-04-24T22:02:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:19 on the 24th and 06:18 on the 25th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 24th and is not on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15140 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Friday 24 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kāmadā Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Friday 24 April. Ekādaśī runs from 02:06 on Fri 24 Apr to 01:02 on Sat 25 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-04-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ananga-trayodashi", "festival": "ananga-trayodashi", "name": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-04-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26529, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-04-25T23:10:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-25T20:10:56Z", "ms": 2471458255940.9517 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-26T20:39:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-26T17:39:19Z", "ms": 2471535558729.707 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-04-25T23:10:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-25T20:10:56Z", "ms": 2471458255940.9517 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-26T20:39:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-26T17:39:19Z", "ms": 2471535558729.707 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-25T12:29:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-25T09:29:19Z", "ms": 2471419759154.424 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-25T13:17:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-25T10:17:19Z", "ms": 2471422639154.424 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-04-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-26T12:29:09+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-26T09:29:09Z", "ms": 2471506149417.577 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-26T13:17:09+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-26T10:17:09Z", "ms": 2471509029417.577 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:11 on Sat 25 Apr to 20:39 on Sun 26 Apr.", "fact": "2048-04-25T20:10:56Z → 2048-04-26T17:39:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 25th, 12:29–13:17 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26529 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 26 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananga-trayodashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 13 Ananga trayodasi (purvaviddha), Mahavira jayanti (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Anaṅga Trayodaśī 2048 falls on Sunday 26 April. Trayodaśī runs from 23:11 on Sat 25 Apr to 20:39 on Sun 26 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ananga-trayodashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-04-26", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-04-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 982, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-04-25T23:10:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-25T20:10:56Z", "ms": 2471458255940.9517 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-26T20:39:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-26T17:39:19Z", "ms": 2471535558729.707 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-04-25T23:10:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-25T20:10:56Z", "ms": 2471458255940.9517 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-26T20:39:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-26T17:39:19Z", "ms": 2471535558729.707 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-25T19:28:51+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-25T16:28:51Z", "ms": 2471444930824.95 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-25T20:55:15+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-25T17:55:15Z", "ms": 2471450114670.7065 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-04-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-26T19:29:29+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-26T16:29:29Z", "ms": 2471531369167.031 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-26T20:55:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-26T17:55:40Z", "ms": 2471536540309.9434 } }, "covered_min": 70, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:11 on Sat 25 Apr to 20:39 on Sun 26 Apr.", "fact": "2048-04-25T20:10:56Z → 2048-04-26T17:39:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:29–20:55 on the 25th, 19:29–20:56 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 86 minutes on the 25th and 70 of 86 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 982 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Sunday 26 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Sunday 26 April. Trayodaśī runs from 23:11 on Sat 25 Apr to 20:39 on Sun 26 Apr and covers 70 of 86 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-04-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "festival": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "name": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-04-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15578, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-04-26T20:39:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-26T17:39:19Z", "ms": 2471535558729.707 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-27T17:36:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-27T14:36:39Z", "ms": 2471610998518.964 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-04-26T20:39:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-26T17:39:19Z", "ms": 2471535558729.707 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-27T17:36:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-27T14:36:39Z", "ms": 2471610998518.964 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-26T12:29:09+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-26T09:29:09Z", "ms": 2471506149417.577 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-26T13:17:09+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-26T10:17:09Z", "ms": 2471509029417.577 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-04-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-27T12:29:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-27T09:29:00Z", "ms": 2471592540167.4155 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-27T13:17:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-27T10:17:00Z", "ms": 2471595420167.4155 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 20:39 on Sun 26 Apr to 17:37 on Mon 27 Apr.", "fact": "2048-04-26T17:39:19Z → 2048-04-27T14:36:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 26th, 12:29–13:17 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15578 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī, Giza, 2048: Monday 27 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Madanabhanji, (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Sivadamanaka caturdasi, Visnudamanaka caturdasi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī 2048 falls on Monday 27 April. Caturdaśī runs from 20:39 on Sun 26 Apr to 17:37 on Mon 27 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/chaitri-purnima", "festival": "chaitri-purnima", "name": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-04-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3372, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2048-04-27T17:36:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-27T14:36:39Z", "ms": 2471610998518.964 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-28T14:13:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-28T11:13:04Z", "ms": 2471685183822.2905 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-04-27T17:36:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-27T14:36:39Z", "ms": 2471610998518.964 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-28T14:13:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-28T11:13:04Z", "ms": 2471685183822.2905 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-27T12:29:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-27T09:29:00Z", "ms": 2471592540167.4155 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-27T13:17:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-27T10:17:00Z", "ms": 2471595420167.4155 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-04-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-28T12:28:51+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-28T09:28:51Z", "ms": 2471678931417.5977 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-28T13:16:51+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-28T10:16:51Z", "ms": 2471681811417.5977 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:37 on Mon 27 Apr to 14:13 on Tue 28 Apr.", "fact": "2048-04-27T14:36:39Z → 2048-04-28T11:13:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 27th, 12:29–13:17 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3372 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 28 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chaitri-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Caitri purnima (paraviddha), Hanumat jayanti, Oli ending (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-04-28", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Caitrī Pūrṇimā 2048 falls on Tuesday 28 April. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:37 on Mon 27 Apr to 14:13 on Tue 28 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/chaitri-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-05-01", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-05-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4868, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-05-01T03:39:32+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-01T00:39:32Z", "ms": 2471906372114.4165 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-02T00:32:06+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-01T21:32:06Z", "ms": 2471981525574.779 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-05-01T03:39:32+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-01T00:39:32Z", "ms": 2471906372114.4165 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-02T00:32:06+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-01T21:32:06Z", "ms": 2471981525574.779 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-04-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-04-30T22:08:36+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-30T19:08:36Z", "ms": 2471886516024.817 }, "end": { "local": "2048-04-30T22:08:36+03:00", "utc": "2048-04-30T19:08:36Z", "ms": 2471886516024.817 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-01T23:10:58+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-01T20:10:58Z", "ms": 2471976657942.666 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-01T23:10:58+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-01T20:10:58Z", "ms": 2471976657942.666 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:40 on Fri 1 May to 00:32 on Sat 2 May.", "fact": "2048-05-01T00:39:32Z → 2048-05-01T21:32:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:09 on the 30th and 23:11 on the 1st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 30th and is on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4868 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Friday 1 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2048 falls on Friday 1 May. Caturthī runs from 03:40 on Fri 1 May to 00:32 on Sat 2 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-05-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-05-08", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-05-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37625, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-05-07T16:34:23+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-07T13:34:23Z", "ms": 2472471262944.7275 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-08T17:12:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-08T14:12:19Z", "ms": 2472559939033.281 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-05-07T16:34:23+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-07T13:34:23Z", "ms": 2472471262944.7275 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-08T17:12:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-08T14:12:19Z", "ms": 2472559939033.281 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-07T06:07:18+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-07T03:07:18Z", "ms": 2472433638195.1694 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-07T06:07:18+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-07T03:07:18Z", "ms": 2472433638195.1694 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-08T06:06:33+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-08T03:06:33Z", "ms": 2472519992772.0894 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-08T06:06:33+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-08T03:06:33Z", "ms": 2472519992772.0894 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:34 on Thu 7 May to 17:12 on Fri 8 May.", "fact": "2048-05-07T13:34:23Z → 2048-05-08T14:12:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:07 on the 7th and 06:07 on the 8th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 7th and is on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 37625 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Friday 8 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Varūthinī Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Friday 8 May. Ekādaśī runs from 16:34 on Thu 7 May to 17:12 on Fri 8 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-05-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-05-09", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-05-09", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 737, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-05-09T18:18:50+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-09T15:18:50Z", "ms": 2472650329856.3203 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-10T19:50:50+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-10T16:50:50Z", "ms": 2472742250424.7573 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-05-09T18:18:50+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-09T15:18:50Z", "ms": 2472650329856.3203 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-10T19:50:50+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-10T16:50:50Z", "ms": 2472742250424.7573 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-09T19:37:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-09T16:37:54Z", "ms": 2472655074106.3467 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-09T21:01:32+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-09T18:01:32Z", "ms": 2472660091624.11 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-10T19:38:33+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-10T16:38:33Z", "ms": 2472741513095.6 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-10T21:02:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-10T18:02:00Z", "ms": 2472746519838.0054 } }, "covered_min": 12, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 18:19 on Sat 9 May to 19:51 on Sun 10 May.", "fact": "2048-05-09T15:18:50Z → 2048-05-10T16:50:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:38–21:02 on the 9th, 19:39–21:02 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 84 of 84 minutes on the 9th and 12 of 83 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 737 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Saturday 9 May.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-09", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-09", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Saturday 9 May. Trayodaśī runs from 18:19 on Sat 9 May to 19:51 on Sun 10 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 12 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-05-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-05-10", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-05-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9738, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-05-10T19:50:50+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-10T16:50:50Z", "ms": 2472742250424.7573 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-11T21:45:10+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-11T18:45:10Z", "ms": 2472835509861.918 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-05-10T19:50:50+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-10T16:50:50Z", "ms": 2472742250424.7573 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-11T21:45:10+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-11T18:45:10Z", "ms": 2472835509861.918 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-11T00:27:28+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-10T21:27:28Z", "ms": 2472758848379.62 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-11T01:15:28+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-10T22:15:28Z", "ms": 2472761728379.62 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-12T00:27:28+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-11T21:27:28Z", "ms": 2472845247544.1304 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-12T01:15:28+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-11T22:15:28Z", "ms": 2472848127544.1304 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:51 on Sun 10 May to 21:45 on Mon 11 May.", "fact": "2048-05-10T16:50:50Z → 2048-05-11T18:45:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:27–01:15 on the 10th, 00:27–01:15 on the 11th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9738 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2048: Sunday 10 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2048 falls on Sunday 10 May. Caturdaśī runs from 19:51 on Sun 10 May to 21:45 on Mon 11 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-05-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/parashurama-jayanti", "festival": "parashurama-jayanti", "name": "Paraśurāma Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-05-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28691, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2048-05-15T05:02:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-15T02:02:05Z", "ms": 2473120924693.508 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-16T07:39:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-16T04:39:30Z", "ms": 2473216769570.974 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-05-15T05:02:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-15T02:02:05Z", "ms": 2473120924693.508 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-16T07:39:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-16T04:39:30Z", "ms": 2473216769570.974 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-14T19:41:08+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-14T16:41:08Z", "ms": 2473087268165.209 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-14T21:03:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-14T18:03:54Z", "ms": 2473092233584.757 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-15T19:41:47+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-15T16:41:47Z", "ms": 2473173706588.82 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-15T21:04:22+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-15T18:04:22Z", "ms": 2473178662147.582 } }, "covered_min": 83, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 05:02 on Fri 15 May to 07:39 on Sat 16 May.", "fact": "2048-05-15T02:02:05Z → 2048-05-16T04:39:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:41–21:04 on the 14th, 19:42–21:04 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 83 minutes on the 14th and 83 of 83 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28691 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Jayantī, Giza, 2048: Friday 15 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Paraśurāma Jayantī 2048 falls on Friday 15 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 05:02 on Fri 15 May to 07:39 on Sat 16 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/parashurama-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/akshaya-tritiya", "festival": "akshaya-tritiya", "name": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-05-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3584, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2048-05-15T05:02:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-15T02:02:05Z", "ms": 2473120924693.508 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-16T07:39:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-16T04:39:30Z", "ms": 2473216769570.974 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-05-15T05:02:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-15T02:02:05Z", "ms": 2473120924693.508 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-16T07:39:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-16T04:39:30Z", "ms": 2473216769570.974 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-15T06:01:49+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-15T03:01:49Z", "ms": 2473124508811.8164 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-15T10:35:08+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-15T07:35:08Z", "ms": 2473140908070.8174 } }, "covered_min": 273, "window_min": 273, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-16T06:01:13+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-16T03:01:13Z", "ms": 2473210873279.537 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-16T10:34:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-16T07:34:57Z", "ms": 2473227297127.4497 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 274, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 05:02 on Fri 15 May to 07:39 on Sat 16 May.", "fact": "2048-05-15T02:02:05Z → 2048-05-16T04:39:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:02–10:35 on the 15th, 06:01–10:35 on the 16th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 273 of 273 minutes on the 15th and 98 of 274 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both forenoons qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 3584 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā, Giza, 2048: Saturday 16 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Rohiṇī nakṣatra and a Wednesday; neither is tested.", "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Akṣaya Tṛtīyā 2048 falls on Saturday 16 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 05:02 on Fri 15 May to 07:39 on Sat 16 May and covers 98 of 274 minutes of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon. It also reaches the previous forenoon for 273 minutes; by the rule the second forenoon is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/akshaya-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-05-16", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-05-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8347, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-05-16T07:39:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-16T04:39:30Z", "ms": 2473216769570.974 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-17T10:08:44+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-17T07:08:44Z", "ms": 2473312123564.631 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-05-16T07:39:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-16T04:39:30Z", "ms": 2473216769570.974 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-17T10:08:44+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-17T07:08:44Z", "ms": 2473312123564.631 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-16T12:27:49+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-16T09:27:49Z", "ms": 2473234069051.4062 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-16T13:15:49+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-16T10:15:49Z", "ms": 2473236949051.4062 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-17T12:27:51+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-17T09:27:51Z", "ms": 2473320470943.0425 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-17T13:15:51+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-17T10:15:51Z", "ms": 2473323350943.0425 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:39 on Sat 16 May to 10:09 on Sun 17 May.", "fact": "2048-05-16T04:39:30Z → 2048-05-17T07:08:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 16th, 12:28–13:16 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8347 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Saturday 16 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2048 falls on Saturday 16 May. Caturthī runs from 07:39 on Sat 16 May to 10:09 on Sun 17 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-05-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/shankara-jayanti", "festival": "shankara-jayanti", "name": "Śaṅkara Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-05-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 523, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2048-05-17T10:08:44+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-17T07:08:44Z", "ms": 2473312123564.631 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-18T12:19:11+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-18T09:19:11Z", "ms": 2473406350832.3794 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-05-17T10:08:44+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-17T07:08:44Z", "ms": 2473312123564.631 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-18T12:19:11+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-18T09:19:11Z", "ms": 2473406350832.3794 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-17T12:27:51+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-17T09:27:51Z", "ms": 2473320470943.0425 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-17T13:15:51+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-17T10:15:51Z", "ms": 2473323350943.0425 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-05-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-18T12:27:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-18T09:27:53Z", "ms": 2473406873367.2725 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-18T13:15:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-18T10:15:53Z", "ms": 2473409753367.2725 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 10:09 on Sun 17 May to 12:19 on Mon 18 May.", "fact": "2048-05-17T07:08:44Z → 2048-05-18T09:19:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 17th, 12:28–13:16 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 523 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śaṅkara Jayantī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 17 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shankara-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sankara jayanti." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-17", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śaṅkara Jayantī 2048 falls on Sunday 17 May. Pañcamī runs from 10:09 on Sun 17 May to 12:19 on Mon 18 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/shankara-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/gangotpatti", "festival": "gangotpatti", "name": "Gaṅgotpatti", "everyday": "Ganga Saptami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-05-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2652, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2048-05-19T14:00:08+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-19T11:00:08Z", "ms": 2473498807828.5205 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-20T15:02:10+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-20T12:02:10Z", "ms": 2473588929507.476 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-05-19T14:00:08+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-19T11:00:08Z", "ms": 2473498807828.5205 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-20T15:02:10+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-20T12:02:10Z", "ms": 2473588929507.476 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-19T12:27:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-19T09:27:56Z", "ms": 2473493276315.7207 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-19T13:15:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-19T10:15:56Z", "ms": 2473496156315.7207 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-20T12:28:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-20T09:28:00Z", "ms": 2473579679779.6753 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-20T13:16:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-20T10:16:00Z", "ms": 2473582559779.6753 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 14:00 on Tue 19 May to 15:02 on Wed 20 May.", "fact": "2048-05-19T11:00:08Z → 2048-05-20T12:02:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 19th, 12:28–13:16 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 2652 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṅgotpatti, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 20 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gangotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 2048 falls on Wednesday 20 May. Saptamī runs from 14:00 on Tue 19 May to 15:02 on Wed 20 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/gangotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-05-24", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mohinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-05-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19281, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-05-23T13:24:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-23T10:24:39Z", "ms": 2473842278976.6245 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-24T11:18:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-24T08:18:38Z", "ms": 2473921118097.6963 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-05-23T13:24:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-23T10:24:39Z", "ms": 2473842278976.6245 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-24T11:18:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-24T08:18:38Z", "ms": 2473921118097.6963 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-23T05:57:41+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-23T02:57:41Z", "ms": 2473815461486.9336 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-23T05:57:41+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-23T02:57:41Z", "ms": 2473815461486.9336 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-05-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-24T05:57:17+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-24T02:57:17Z", "ms": 2473901836629.4956 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-24T05:57:17+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-24T02:57:17Z", "ms": 2473901836629.4956 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:25 on Sat 23 May to 11:19 on Sun 24 May.", "fact": "2048-05-23T10:24:39Z → 2048-05-24T08:18:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:58 on the 23rd and 05:57 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 23rd and is on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19281 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mohinī Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 24 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mohinī Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Sunday 24 May. Ekādaśī runs from 13:25 on Sat 23 May to 11:19 on Sun 24 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-05-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/parashurama-dvadashi", "festival": "parashurama-dvadashi", "name": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-05-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4181, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-05-24T11:18:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-24T08:18:38Z", "ms": 2473921118097.6963 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-25T08:34:11+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-25T05:34:11Z", "ms": 2473997650574.469 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-05-24T11:18:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-24T08:18:38Z", "ms": 2473921118097.6963 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-25T08:34:11+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-25T05:34:11Z", "ms": 2473997650574.469 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-05-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-24T12:28:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-24T09:28:19Z", "ms": 2473925298611.8984 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-24T13:16:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-24T10:16:19Z", "ms": 2473928178611.8984 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-25T12:28:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-25T09:28:25Z", "ms": 2474011704520.706 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-25T13:16:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-25T10:16:25Z", "ms": 2474014584520.706 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 11:19 on Sun 24 May to 08:34 on Mon 25 May.", "fact": "2048-05-24T08:18:38Z → 2048-05-25T05:34:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 24th, 12:28–13:16 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 4181 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 24 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Paraśurāma Dvādaśī 2048 falls on Sunday 24 May. Dvādaśī runs from 11:19 on Sun 24 May to 08:34 on Mon 25 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/parashurama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/rukmini-dvadashi", "festival": "rukmini-dvadashi", "name": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-05-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4181, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-05-24T11:18:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-24T08:18:38Z", "ms": 2473921118097.6963 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-25T08:34:11+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-25T05:34:11Z", "ms": 2473997650574.469 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-05-24T11:18:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-24T08:18:38Z", "ms": 2473921118097.6963 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-25T08:34:11+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-25T05:34:11Z", "ms": 2473997650574.469 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-05-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-24T12:28:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-24T09:28:19Z", "ms": 2473925298611.8984 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-24T13:16:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-24T10:16:19Z", "ms": 2473928178611.8984 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-25T12:28:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-25T09:28:25Z", "ms": 2474011704520.706 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-25T13:16:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-25T10:16:25Z", "ms": 2474014584520.706 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 11:19 on Sun 24 May to 08:34 on Mon 25 May.", "fact": "2048-05-24T08:18:38Z → 2048-05-25T05:34:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 24th, 12:28–13:16 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 4181 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 24 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rukmini-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī 2048 falls on Sunday 24 May. Dvādaśī runs from 11:19 on Sun 24 May to 08:34 on Mon 25 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/rukmini-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-05-25", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-05-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29425, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-05-25T08:34:11+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-25T05:34:11Z", "ms": 2473997650574.469 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-26T05:19:29+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-26T02:19:29Z", "ms": 2474072369135.5977 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-05-25T08:34:11+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-25T05:34:11Z", "ms": 2473997650574.469 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-26T05:19:29+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-26T02:19:29Z", "ms": 2474072369135.5977 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-05-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-24T19:47:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-24T16:47:21Z", "ms": 2473951640594.302 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-24T21:08:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-24T18:08:37Z", "ms": 2473956516935.0786 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-25T19:47:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-25T16:47:56Z", "ms": 2474038075891.2856 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-25T21:09:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-25T18:09:05Z", "ms": 2474042944580.1777 } }, "covered_min": 81, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:34 on Mon 25 May to 05:19 on Tue 26 May.", "fact": "2048-05-25T05:34:11Z → 2048-05-26T02:19:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:47–21:09 on the 24th, 19:48–21:09 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 81 minutes on the 24th and 81 of 81 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29425 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Monday 25 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Monday 25 May. Trayodaśī runs from 08:34 on Mon 25 May to 05:19 on Tue 26 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-05-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "festival": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "name": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Narasimha Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-05-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16462, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-05-26T05:19:29+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-26T02:19:29Z", "ms": 2474072369135.5977 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-27T01:43:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-26T22:43:54Z", "ms": 2474145834296.158 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-05-26T05:19:29+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-26T02:19:29Z", "ms": 2474072369135.5977 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-27T01:43:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-26T22:43:54Z", "ms": 2474145834296.158 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-25T19:47:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-25T16:47:56Z", "ms": 2474038075891.2856 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-25T21:09:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-25T18:09:05Z", "ms": 2474042944580.1777 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-05-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-26T19:48:31+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-26T16:48:31Z", "ms": 2474124510729.472 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-26T21:09:32+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-26T18:09:32Z", "ms": 2474129372013.8315 } }, "covered_min": 81, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:19 on Tue 26 May to 01:44 on Wed 27 May.", "fact": "2048-05-26T02:19:29Z → 2048-05-26T22:43:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:48–21:09 on the 25th, 19:49–21:10 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 81 minutes on the 25th and 81 of 81 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16462 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 26 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Nrsimha caturdasi (pradosa vyapini — if it occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed, special when combined with naksatra 'Svati', yoga 'Siddhi' and 'Saturday')." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Svātī nakṣatra, Siddhi yoga and a Saturday; none is tested.", "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī (Narasimha Jayanti) 2048 falls on Tuesday 26 May. Caturdaśī runs from 05:19 on Tue 26 May to 01:44 on Wed 27 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/buddha-purnima", "festival": "buddha-purnima", "name": "Buddha Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-05-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31242, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2048-05-27T01:43:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-26T22:43:54Z", "ms": 2474145834296.158 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-27T21:57:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-27T18:57:20Z", "ms": 2474218640181.417 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-05-27T01:43:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-26T22:43:54Z", "ms": 2474145834296.158 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-27T21:57:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-27T18:57:20Z", "ms": 2474218640181.417 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-05-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-26T12:28:31+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-26T09:28:31Z", "ms": 2474098110893.7236 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-26T13:16:31+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-26T10:16:31Z", "ms": 2474100990893.7236 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-05-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-27T12:28:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-27T09:28:38Z", "ms": 2474184517723.432 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-27T13:16:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-27T10:16:38Z", "ms": 2474187397723.432 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 01:44 on Wed 27 May to 21:57 on Wed 27 May.", "fact": "2048-05-26T22:43:54Z → 2048-05-27T18:57:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 26th, 12:29–13:17 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31242 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Buddha Pūrṇimā, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 27 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "buddha-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Buddha Pūrṇimā 2048 falls on Wednesday 27 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 01:44 on Wed 27 May to 21:57 on Wed 27 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/buddha-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/sampat-gauri-vrata", "festival": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "name": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-05-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31242, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2048-05-27T01:43:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-26T22:43:54Z", "ms": 2474145834296.158 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-27T21:57:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-27T18:57:20Z", "ms": 2474218640181.417 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-05-27T01:43:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-26T22:43:54Z", "ms": 2474145834296.158 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-27T21:57:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-27T18:57:20Z", "ms": 2474218640181.417 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-05-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-26T12:28:31+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-26T09:28:31Z", "ms": 2474098110893.7236 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-26T13:16:31+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-26T10:16:31Z", "ms": 2474100990893.7236 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-05-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-27T12:28:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-27T09:28:38Z", "ms": 2474184517723.432 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-27T13:16:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-27T10:16:38Z", "ms": 2474187397723.432 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 01:44 on Wed 27 May to 21:57 on Wed 27 May.", "fact": "2048-05-26T22:43:54Z → 2048-05-27T18:57:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 26th, 12:29–13:17 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31242 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 27 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Sampat Gaurī Vrata 2048 falls on Wednesday 27 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 01:44 on Wed 27 May to 21:57 on Wed 27 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/sampat-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-05-30", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-05-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34311, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-05-30T11:10:36+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-30T08:10:36Z", "ms": 2474439035817.4346 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-31T08:16:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-31T05:16:38Z", "ms": 2474514997964.6934 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-05-30T11:10:36+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-30T08:10:36Z", "ms": 2474439035817.4346 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-31T08:16:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-31T05:16:38Z", "ms": 2474514997964.6934 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-05-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-29T21:52:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-29T18:52:40Z", "ms": 2474391160413.7163 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-29T21:52:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-29T18:52:40Z", "ms": 2474391160413.7163 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-05-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-05-30T22:44:47+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-30T19:44:47Z", "ms": 2474480686805.819 }, "end": { "local": "2048-05-30T22:44:47+03:00", "utc": "2048-05-30T19:44:47Z", "ms": 2474480686805.819 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:11 on Sat 30 May to 08:17 on Sun 31 May.", "fact": "2048-05-30T08:10:36Z → 2048-05-31T05:16:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:53 on the 29th and 22:45 on the 30th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 29th and is on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34311 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Saturday 30 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2048 falls on Saturday 30 May. Caturthī runs from 11:11 on Sat 30 May to 08:17 on Sun 31 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-05-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-06-07", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Aparā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-06-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1311, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-06-06T04:37:09+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-06T01:37:09Z", "ms": 2475020228603.2104 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-07T06:15:47+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-07T03:15:47Z", "ms": 2475112547371.1313 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-06-06T04:37:09+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-06T01:37:09Z", "ms": 2475020228603.2104 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-07T06:15:47+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-07T03:15:47Z", "ms": 2475112547371.1313 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-06T05:54:02+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-06T02:54:02Z", "ms": 2475024841679.137 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-06T05:54:02+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-06T02:54:02Z", "ms": 2475024841679.137 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-07T05:53:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-07T02:53:57Z", "ms": 2475111236658.5596 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-07T05:53:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-07T02:53:57Z", "ms": 2475111236658.5596 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:37 on Sat 6 Jun to 06:16 on Sun 7 Jun.", "fact": "2048-06-06T01:37:09Z → 2048-06-07T03:15:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:54 on the 6th and 05:54 on the 7th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 6th and is on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both sunrises qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 1311 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aparā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 7 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Aparā Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Sunday 7 June. Ekādaśī runs from 04:37 on Sat 6 Jun to 06:16 on Sun 7 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-06-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-06-08", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-06-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33222, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-06-08T08:19:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-08T05:19:53Z", "ms": 2475206392665.3037 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-09T10:41:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-09T07:41:53Z", "ms": 2475301313230.0977 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-06-08T08:19:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-08T05:19:53Z", "ms": 2475206392665.3037 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-09T10:41:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-09T07:41:53Z", "ms": 2475301313230.0977 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-06-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-08T19:55:10+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-08T16:55:10Z", "ms": 2475248109662.4595 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-08T21:14:59+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-08T18:14:59Z", "ms": 2475252899148.893 } }, "covered_min": 80, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-06-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-09T19:55:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-09T16:55:35Z", "ms": 2475334535115.4585 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-09T21:15:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-09T18:15:21Z", "ms": 2475339321094.2876 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:20 on Mon 8 Jun to 10:42 on Tue 9 Jun.", "fact": "2048-06-08T05:19:53Z → 2048-06-09T07:41:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:55–21:15 on the 8th, 19:56–21:15 on the 9th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 80 of 80 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 80 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33222 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Monday 8 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Monday 8 June. Trayodaśī runs from 08:20 on Mon 8 Jun to 10:42 on Tue 9 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-06-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-06-09", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-06-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33803, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-06-09T10:41:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-09T07:41:53Z", "ms": 2475301313230.0977 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-10T13:14:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-10T10:14:20Z", "ms": 2475396860171.8193 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-06-09T10:41:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-09T07:41:53Z", "ms": 2475301313230.0977 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-10T13:14:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-10T10:14:20Z", "ms": 2475396860171.8193 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-06-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-09T00:30:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-08T21:30:30Z", "ms": 2475264630236.586 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-09T01:18:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-08T22:18:30Z", "ms": 2475267510236.586 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-06-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-10T00:30:43+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-09T21:30:43Z", "ms": 2475351042536.0684 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-10T01:18:43+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-09T22:18:43Z", "ms": 2475353922536.0684 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 10:42 on Tue 9 Jun to 13:14 on Wed 10 Jun.", "fact": "2048-06-09T07:41:53Z → 2048-06-10T10:14:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:31–01:19 on the 8th, 00:31–01:19 on the 9th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33803 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 9 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2048 falls on Tuesday 9 June. Caturdaśī runs from 10:42 on Tue 9 Jun to 13:14 on Wed 10 Jun and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-06-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/rambha-tritiya", "festival": "rambha-tritiya", "name": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-06-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26648, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2048-06-13T20:43:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-13T17:43:39Z", "ms": 2475683019359.843 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-14T22:48:01+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-14T19:48:01Z", "ms": 2475776881410.38 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-06-13T20:43:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-13T17:43:39Z", "ms": 2475683019359.843 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-14T22:48:01+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-14T19:48:01Z", "ms": 2475776881410.38 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-06-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-13T12:31:31+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-13T09:31:31Z", "ms": 2475653491456.6577 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-13T13:19:31+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-13T10:19:31Z", "ms": 2475656371456.6577 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-06-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-14T12:31:44+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-14T09:31:44Z", "ms": 2475739903963.789 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-14T13:19:44+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-14T10:19:44Z", "ms": 2475742783963.789 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 20:44 on Sat 13 Jun to 22:48 on Sun 14 Jun.", "fact": "2048-06-13T17:43:39Z → 2048-06-14T19:48:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 13th, 12:32–13:20 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26648 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā, Giza, 2048: Sunday 14 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rambha-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Rambha trtiya (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Rambhā Tṛtīyā 2048 falls on Sunday 14 June. Tṛtīyā runs from 20:44 on Sat 13 Jun to 22:48 on Sun 14 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/rambha-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-06-15", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-06-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34097, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-06-14T22:48:01+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-14T19:48:01Z", "ms": 2475776881410.38 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-16T00:28:28+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-15T21:28:28Z", "ms": 2475869307574.5356 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-06-14T22:48:01+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-14T19:48:01Z", "ms": 2475776881410.38 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-16T00:28:28+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-15T21:28:28Z", "ms": 2475869307574.5356 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-06-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-14T12:31:44+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-14T09:31:44Z", "ms": 2475739903963.789 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-14T13:19:44+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-14T10:19:44Z", "ms": 2475742783963.789 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-06-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-15T12:31:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-15T09:31:57Z", "ms": 2475826316572.3438 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-15T13:19:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-15T10:19:57Z", "ms": 2475829196572.3438 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:48 on Sun 14 Jun to 00:28 on Tue 16 Jun.", "fact": "2048-06-14T19:48:01Z → 2048-06-15T21:28:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 14th, 12:32–13:20 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34097 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Monday 15 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2048 falls on Monday 15 June. Caturthī runs from 22:48 on Sun 14 Jun to 00:28 on Tue 16 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-06-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/aranya-gauri-vrata", "festival": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "name": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-06-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37170, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2048-06-17T01:38:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-16T22:38:37Z", "ms": 2475959917495.4683 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-18T02:13:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-17T23:13:04Z", "ms": 2476048384433.0664 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-06-17T01:38:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-16T22:38:37Z", "ms": 2475959917495.4683 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-18T02:13:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-17T23:13:04Z", "ms": 2476048384433.0664 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-06-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-17T12:32:22+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-17T09:32:22Z", "ms": 2475999141989.5815 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-17T13:20:22+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-17T10:20:22Z", "ms": 2476002021989.5815 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-06-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-18T12:32:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-18T09:32:35Z", "ms": 2476085554746.6924 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-18T13:20:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-18T10:20:35Z", "ms": 2476088434746.6924 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 01:39 on Wed 17 Jun to 02:13 on Thu 18 Jun.", "fact": "2048-06-16T22:38:37Z → 2048-06-17T23:13:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 17th, 12:33–13:21 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 37170 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 17 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Araṇya Gaurī Vrata 2048 falls on Wednesday 17 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 01:39 on Wed 17 Jun to 02:13 on Thu 18 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/aranya-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "festival": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-06-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37170, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2048-06-17T01:38:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-16T22:38:37Z", "ms": 2475959917495.4683 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-18T02:13:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-17T23:13:04Z", "ms": 2476048384433.0664 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-06-17T01:38:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-16T22:38:37Z", "ms": 2475959917495.4683 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-18T02:13:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-17T23:13:04Z", "ms": 2476048384433.0664 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-06-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-17T12:32:22+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-17T09:32:22Z", "ms": 2475999141989.5815 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-17T13:20:22+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-17T10:20:22Z", "ms": 2476002021989.5815 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-06-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-18T12:32:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-18T09:32:35Z", "ms": 2476085554746.6924 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-18T13:20:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-18T10:20:35Z", "ms": 2476088434746.6924 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 01:39 on Wed 17 Jun to 02:13 on Thu 18 Jun.", "fact": "2048-06-16T22:38:37Z → 2048-06-17T23:13:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 17th, 12:33–13:21 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 37170 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha), Giza, 2048: Wednesday 17 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha) 2048 falls on Wednesday 17 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 01:39 on Wed 17 Jun to 02:13 on Thu 18 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-06-22", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-06-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29346, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-06-21T21:46:14+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-21T18:46:14Z", "ms": 2476377974151.7324 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-22T19:05:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-22T16:05:35Z", "ms": 2476454734714.623 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-06-21T21:46:14+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-21T18:46:14Z", "ms": 2476377974151.7324 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-22T19:05:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-22T16:05:35Z", "ms": 2476454734714.623 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-06-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-22T05:55:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-22T02:55:20Z", "ms": 2476407320149.539 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-22T05:55:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-22T02:55:20Z", "ms": 2476407320149.539 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-06-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-23T05:55:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-23T02:55:35Z", "ms": 2476493735373.0596 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-23T05:55:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-23T02:55:35Z", "ms": 2476493735373.0596 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:46 on Sun 21 Jun to 19:06 on Mon 22 Jun.", "fact": "2048-06-21T18:46:14Z → 2048-06-22T16:05:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:55 on the 22nd and 05:56 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 22nd and is not on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29346 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Monday 22 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Nirjalā Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Monday 22 June. Ekādaśī runs from 21:46 on Sun 21 Jun to 19:06 on Mon 22 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-06-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/shri-rama-dvadashi", "festival": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "name": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-06-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9343, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-06-22T19:05:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-22T16:05:35Z", "ms": 2476454734714.623 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-23T15:57:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-23T12:57:21Z", "ms": 2476529841401.6353 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-06-22T19:05:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-22T16:05:35Z", "ms": 2476454734714.623 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-23T15:57:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-23T12:57:21Z", "ms": 2476529841401.6353 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-06-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-22T12:33:26+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-22T09:33:26Z", "ms": 2476431205525.8 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-22T13:21:26+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-22T10:21:26Z", "ms": 2476434085525.8 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-06-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-23T12:33:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-23T09:33:38Z", "ms": 2476517618044.916 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-23T13:21:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-23T10:21:38Z", "ms": 2476520498044.916 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 19:06 on Mon 22 Jun to 15:57 on Tue 23 Jun.", "fact": "2048-06-22T16:05:35Z → 2048-06-23T12:57:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:33–13:21 on the 22nd, 12:34–13:22 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 9343 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 23 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Sri Rama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Campaka dvadasi (Orissa) (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī 2048 falls on Tuesday 23 June. Dvādaśī runs from 19:06 on Mon 22 Jun to 15:57 on Tue 23 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/shri-rama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-06-23", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-06-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14539, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-06-23T15:57:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-23T12:57:21Z", "ms": 2476529841401.6353 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-24T12:29:14+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-24T09:29:14Z", "ms": 2476603754096.879 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-06-23T15:57:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-23T12:57:21Z", "ms": 2476529841401.6353 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-24T12:29:14+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-24T09:29:14Z", "ms": 2476603754096.879 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-06-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-23T19:59:41+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-23T16:59:41Z", "ms": 2476544380716.7725 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-23T21:19:10+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-23T18:19:10Z", "ms": 2476549150177.7363 } }, "covered_min": 79, "window_min": 79, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-06-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-24T19:59:49+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-24T16:59:49Z", "ms": 2476630789231.248 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-24T21:19:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-24T18:19:20Z", "ms": 2476635559871.0483 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 15:57 on Tue 23 Jun to 12:29 on Wed 24 Jun.", "fact": "2048-06-23T12:57:21Z → 2048-06-24T09:29:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:00–21:19 on the 23rd, 20:00–21:19 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 79 of 79 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 80 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14539 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 23 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Tuesday 23 June. Trayodaśī runs from 15:57 on Tue 23 Jun to 12:29 on Wed 24 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-06-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vata-savitri-vrata", "festival": "vata-savitri-vrata", "name": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-06-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28123, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2048-06-25T08:49:47+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-25T05:49:47Z", "ms": 2476676987428.4136 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-26T05:08:11+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-26T02:08:11Z", "ms": 2476750091392.3433 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-06-25T08:49:47+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-25T05:49:47Z", "ms": 2476676987428.4136 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-26T05:08:11+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-26T02:08:11Z", "ms": 2476750091392.3433 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-06-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-24T19:59:49+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-24T16:59:49Z", "ms": 2476630789231.248 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-24T21:19:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-24T18:19:20Z", "ms": 2476635559871.0483 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-06-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-25T19:59:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-25T16:59:56Z", "ms": 2476717196431.0366 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-25T21:19:29+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-25T18:19:29Z", "ms": 2476721968562.656 } }, "covered_min": 80, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 08:50 on Thu 25 Jun to 05:08 on Fri 26 Jun.", "fact": "2048-06-25T05:49:47Z → 2048-06-26T02:08:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:00–21:19 on the 24th, 20:00–21:19 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 80 minutes on the 24th and 80 of 80 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 28123 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata, Giza, 2048: Thursday 25 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vata-savitri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Vata-savitri vrata (Deccan) (pradosavyapini, purvaviddha), Snanayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata 2048 falls on Thursday 25 June. Pūrṇimā runs from 08:50 on Thu 25 Jun to 05:08 on Fri 26 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vata-savitri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-06-28", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-06-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9475, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-06-28T19:24:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-28T16:24:53Z", "ms": 2476974293454.791 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-29T17:07:42+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-29T14:07:42Z", "ms": 2477052461885.2974 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-06-28T19:24:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-28T16:24:53Z", "ms": 2476974293454.791 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-29T17:07:42+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-29T14:07:42Z", "ms": 2477052461885.2974 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-06-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-28T22:02:48+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-28T19:02:48Z", "ms": 2476983768194.337 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-28T22:02:48+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-28T19:02:48Z", "ms": 2476983768194.337 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-06-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-06-29T22:40:32+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-29T19:40:32Z", "ms": 2477072432465.826 }, "end": { "local": "2048-06-29T22:40:32+03:00", "utc": "2048-06-29T19:40:32Z", "ms": 2477072432465.826 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:25 on Sun 28 Jun to 17:08 on Mon 29 Jun.", "fact": "2048-06-28T16:24:53Z → 2048-06-29T14:07:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:03 on the 28th and 22:41 on the 29th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 28th and is not on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9475 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 28 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-06-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2048 falls on Sunday 28 June. Caturthī runs from 19:25 on Sun 28 Jun to 17:08 on Mon 29 Jun and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-06-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-07-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Yoginī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-07-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31404, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-07-05T18:54:06+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-05T15:54:06Z", "ms": 2477577246038.545 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-06T21:17:27+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-06T18:17:27Z", "ms": 2477672247065.276 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-07-05T18:54:06+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-05T15:54:06Z", "ms": 2477577246038.545 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-06T21:17:27+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-06T18:17:27Z", "ms": 2477672247065.276 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-07-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-06T06:00:23+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-06T03:00:23Z", "ms": 2477617222763.5884 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-06T06:00:23+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-06T03:00:23Z", "ms": 2477617222763.5884 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-07T06:00:51+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-07T03:00:51Z", "ms": 2477703650808.298 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-07T06:00:51+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-07T03:00:51Z", "ms": 2477703650808.298 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:54 on Sun 5 Jul to 21:17 on Mon 6 Jul.", "fact": "2048-07-05T15:54:06Z → 2048-07-06T18:17:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:00 on the 6th and 06:01 on the 7th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 6th and is not on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31404 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yoginī Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Monday 6 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Yoginī Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Monday 6 July. Ekādaśī runs from 18:54 on Sun 5 Jul to 21:17 on Mon 6 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-07-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-07-08", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-07-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9138, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-07-07T23:52:08+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-07T20:52:08Z", "ms": 2477767928213.306 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-09T02:27:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-08T23:27:19Z", "ms": 2477863638737.088 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-07-07T23:52:08+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-07T20:52:08Z", "ms": 2477767928213.306 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-09T02:27:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-08T23:27:19Z", "ms": 2477863638737.088 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-07T19:59:36+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-07T16:59:36Z", "ms": 2477753975966.1606 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-07T21:19:50+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-07T18:19:50Z", "ms": 2477758789776.1523 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-08T19:59:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-08T16:59:25Z", "ms": 2477840365053.844 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-08T21:19:44+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-08T18:19:44Z", "ms": 2477845184236.889 } }, "covered_min": 80, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:52 on Tue 7 Jul to 02:27 on Thu 9 Jul.", "fact": "2048-07-07T20:52:08Z → 2048-07-08T23:27:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:00–21:20 on the 7th, 19:59–21:20 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 80 minutes on the 7th and 80 of 80 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9138 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 8 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Wednesday 8 July. Trayodaśī runs from 23:52 on Tue 7 Jul to 02:27 on Thu 9 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-07-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-07-09", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-07-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3762, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-07-09T02:27:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-08T23:27:19Z", "ms": 2477863638737.088 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-10T04:53:45+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-10T01:53:45Z", "ms": 2477958824811.0493 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-07-09T02:27:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-08T23:27:19Z", "ms": 2477863638737.088 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-10T04:53:45+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-10T01:53:45Z", "ms": 2477958824811.0493 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-09T00:36:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-08T21:36:37Z", "ms": 2477856996990.262 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-09T01:24:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-08T22:24:37Z", "ms": 2477859876990.262 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-10T00:36:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-09T21:36:46Z", "ms": 2477943405809.95 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-10T01:24:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-09T22:24:46Z", "ms": 2477946285809.95 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 02:27 on Thu 9 Jul to 04:54 on Fri 10 Jul.", "fact": "2048-07-08T23:27:19Z → 2048-07-10T01:53:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:37–01:25 on the 8th, 00:37–01:25 on the 9th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3762 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2048: Thursday 9 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2048 falls on Thursday 9 July. Caturdaśī runs from 02:27 on Thu 9 Jul to 04:54 on Fri 10 Jul and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-07-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/rathayatra", "festival": "rathayatra", "name": "Rathayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-07-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8291, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2048-07-12T08:53:49+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-12T05:53:49Z", "ms": 2478146028938.665 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-13T10:18:50+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-13T07:18:50Z", "ms": 2478237529803.353 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-07-12T08:53:49+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-12T05:53:49Z", "ms": 2478146028938.665 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-13T10:18:50+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-13T07:18:50Z", "ms": 2478237529803.353 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-07-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-12T12:36:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-12T09:36:54Z", "ms": 2478159413749.9385 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-12T13:24:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-12T10:24:54Z", "ms": 2478162293749.9385 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-07-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-13T12:37:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-13T09:37:00Z", "ms": 2478245820470.0283 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-13T13:25:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-13T10:25:00Z", "ms": 2478248700470.0283 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 08:54 on Sun 12 Jul to 10:19 on Mon 13 Jul.", "fact": "2048-07-12T05:53:49Z → 2048-07-13T07:18:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:37–13:25 on the 12th, 12:37–13:25 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 8291 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rathayātrā, Giza, 2048: Sunday 12 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rathayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Rathayatra (paraviddha, special when combined with naksatra 'Pusya')" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Puṣya nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Rathayātrā 2048 falls on Sunday 12 July. Dvitīyā runs from 08:54 on Sun 12 Jul to 10:19 on Mon 13 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/rathayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-07-14", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-07-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3038, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-07-14T11:16:58+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-14T08:16:58Z", "ms": 2478327418315.0483 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-15T11:46:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-15T08:46:35Z", "ms": 2478415594653.5312 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-07-14T11:16:58+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-14T08:16:58Z", "ms": 2478327418315.0483 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-15T11:46:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-15T08:46:35Z", "ms": 2478415594653.5312 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-14T12:37:07+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-14T09:37:07Z", "ms": 2478332226696.7695 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-14T13:25:07+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-14T10:25:07Z", "ms": 2478335106696.7695 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-15T12:37:12+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-15T09:37:12Z", "ms": 2478418632413.6084 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-15T13:25:12+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-15T10:25:12Z", "ms": 2478421512413.6084 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:17 on Tue 14 Jul to 11:47 on Wed 15 Jul.", "fact": "2048-07-14T08:16:58Z → 2048-07-15T08:46:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:37–13:25 on the 14th, 12:37–13:25 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3038 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 14 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-14", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2048 falls on Tuesday 14 July. Caturthī runs from 11:17 on Tue 14 Jul to 11:47 on Wed 15 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-07-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/skanda-panchami", "festival": "skanda-panchami", "name": "Skanda Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-07-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3038, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2048-07-15T11:46:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-15T08:46:35Z", "ms": 2478415594653.5312 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-16T11:46:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-16T08:46:25Z", "ms": 2478501985468.518 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-07-15T11:46:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-15T08:46:35Z", "ms": 2478415594653.5312 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-16T11:46:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-16T08:46:25Z", "ms": 2478501985468.518 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-15T12:37:12+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-15T09:37:12Z", "ms": 2478418632413.6084 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-15T13:25:12+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-15T10:25:12Z", "ms": 2478421512413.6084 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-07-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-16T12:37:18+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-16T09:37:18Z", "ms": 2478505037605.1147 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-16T13:25:18+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-16T10:25:18Z", "ms": 2478507917605.1147 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 11:47 on Wed 15 Jul to 11:46 on Thu 16 Jul.", "fact": "2048-07-15T08:46:35Z → 2048-07-16T08:46:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:37–13:25 on the 15th, 12:37–13:25 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3038 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Pañcamī, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 15 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Skanda pancami (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Skanda Pañcamī 2048 falls on Wednesday 15 July. Pañcamī runs from 11:47 on Wed 15 Jul to 11:46 on Thu 16 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/skanda-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vivasvat-saptami", "festival": "vivasvat-saptami", "name": "Vivasvat Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-07-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4901, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2048-07-17T11:15:41+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-17T08:15:41Z", "ms": 2478586541147.266 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-18T10:14:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-18T07:14:04Z", "ms": 2478669243962.0713 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-07-17T11:15:41+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-17T08:15:41Z", "ms": 2478586541147.266 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-18T10:14:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-18T07:14:04Z", "ms": 2478669243962.0713 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-07-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-17T12:37:22+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-17T09:37:22Z", "ms": 2478591442257.133 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-17T13:25:22+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-17T10:25:22Z", "ms": 2478594322257.133 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-18T12:37:26+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-18T09:37:26Z", "ms": 2478677846356.9443 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-18T13:25:26+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-18T10:25:26Z", "ms": 2478680726356.9443 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 11:16 on Fri 17 Jul to 10:14 on Sat 18 Jul.", "fact": "2048-07-17T08:15:41Z → 2048-07-18T07:14:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:37–13:25 on the 17th, 12:37–13:25 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 4901 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vivasvat Saptamī, Giza, 2048: Friday 17 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vivasvat-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Vivasvat saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vivasvat Saptamī 2048 falls on Friday 17 July. Saptamī runs from 11:16 on Fri 17 Jul to 10:14 on Sat 18 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vivasvat-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-07-21", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-07-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6854, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-07-21T04:14:06+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-21T01:14:06Z", "ms": 2478906845604.409 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-22T01:25:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-21T22:25:00Z", "ms": 2478983100461.6714 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-07-21T04:14:06+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-21T01:14:06Z", "ms": 2478906845604.409 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-22T01:25:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-21T22:25:00Z", "ms": 2478983100461.6714 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-21T06:08:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-21T03:08:20Z", "ms": 2478913699747.982 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-21T06:08:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-21T03:08:20Z", "ms": 2478913699747.982 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-07-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-22T06:08:55+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-22T03:08:55Z", "ms": 2479000134513.7583 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-22T06:08:55+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-22T03:08:55Z", "ms": 2479000134513.7583 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:14 on Tue 21 Jul to 01:25 on Wed 22 Jul.", "fact": "2048-07-21T01:14:06Z → 2048-07-21T22:25:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:08 on the 21st and 06:09 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 21st and is not on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6854 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 21 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Hariśayanī Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Tuesday 21 July. Ekādaśī runs from 04:14 on Tue 21 Jul to 01:25 on Wed 22 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-07-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-07-22", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-07-22", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 3010, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-07-22T22:19:18+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-22T19:19:18Z", "ms": 2479058357969.428 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-23T19:03:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-23T16:03:37Z", "ms": 2479133017119.6357 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-07-22T22:19:18+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-22T19:19:18Z", "ms": 2479058357969.428 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-23T19:03:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-23T16:03:37Z", "ms": 2479133017119.6357 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-07-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-22T19:54:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-22T16:54:20Z", "ms": 2479049659562.6777 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-22T21:16:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-22T18:16:21Z", "ms": 2479054580886.031 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 82, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-07-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-23T19:53:47+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-23T16:53:47Z", "ms": 2479136027004.129 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-23T21:15:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-23T18:15:57Z", "ms": 2479140957356.808 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 82, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:19 on Wed 22 Jul to 19:04 on Thu 23 Jul.", "fact": "2048-07-22T19:19:18Z → 2048-07-23T16:03:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:54–21:16 on the 22nd, 19:54–21:16 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 82 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 82 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither evening qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 3010 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 22 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-22", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-22", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Wednesday 22 July. Trayodaśī runs from 22:19 on Wed 22 Jul to 19:04 on Thu 23 Jul, and reaches pradoṣa on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-07-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/kokila-vrata", "festival": "kokila-vrata", "name": "Kokilā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-07-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4975, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2048-07-24T15:45:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-24T12:45:40Z", "ms": 2479207540450.8384 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-25T12:34:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T09:34:00Z", "ms": 2479282440317.43 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-07-24T15:45:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-24T12:45:40Z", "ms": 2479207540450.8384 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-25T12:34:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T09:34:00Z", "ms": 2479282440317.43 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-07-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-24T17:08:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-24T14:08:35Z", "ms": 2479212515389.364 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-24T19:53:13+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-24T16:53:13Z", "ms": 2479222393074.399 } }, "covered_min": 165, "window_min": 165, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-25T17:08:14+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T14:08:14Z", "ms": 2479298894228.6655 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-25T19:52:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T16:52:38Z", "ms": 2479308757791.084 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 164, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 15:46 on Fri 24 Jul to 12:34 on Sat 25 Jul.", "fact": "2048-07-24T12:45:40Z → 2048-07-25T09:34:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 17:09–19:53 on the 24th, 17:08–19:53 on the 25th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 165 of 165 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 164 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4975 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kokilā Vrata, Giza, 2048: Friday 24 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kokila-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kokilā Vrata 2048 falls on Friday 24 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 15:46 on Fri 24 Jul to 12:34 on Sat 25 Jul and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/kokila-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/shiva-shayanotsava", "festival": "shiva-shayanotsava", "name": "Śiva Śayanotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-07-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14853, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2048-07-24T15:45:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-24T12:45:40Z", "ms": 2479207540450.8384 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-25T12:34:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T09:34:00Z", "ms": 2479282440317.43 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-07-24T15:45:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-24T12:45:40Z", "ms": 2479207540450.8384 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-25T12:34:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T09:34:00Z", "ms": 2479282440317.43 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-07-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-24T19:53:13+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-24T16:53:13Z", "ms": 2479222393074.399 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-24T21:15:33+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-24T18:15:33Z", "ms": 2479227332661.6777 } }, "covered_min": 82, "window_min": 82, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-25T19:52:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T16:52:38Z", "ms": 2479308757791.084 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-25T21:15:07+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T18:15:07Z", "ms": 2479313706813.5776 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 82, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 15:46 on Fri 24 Jul to 12:34 on Sat 25 Jul.", "fact": "2048-07-24T12:45:40Z → 2048-07-25T09:34:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:53–21:16 on the 24th, 19:53–21:15 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 82 of 82 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 82 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14853 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śiva Śayanotsava, Giza, 2048: Friday 24 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shiva-shayanotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śiva Śayanotsava 2048 falls on Friday 24 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 15:46 on Fri 24 Jul to 12:34 on Sat 25 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/shiva-shayanotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vyasa-puja", "festival": "vyasa-puja", "name": "Vyāsa Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-07-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13137, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2048-07-24T15:45:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-24T12:45:40Z", "ms": 2479207540450.8384 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-25T12:34:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T09:34:00Z", "ms": 2479282440317.43 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-07-24T15:45:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-24T12:45:40Z", "ms": 2479207540450.8384 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-25T12:34:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T09:34:00Z", "ms": 2479282440317.43 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-07-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-24T06:10:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-24T03:10:05Z", "ms": 2479173004649.222 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-24T08:54:42+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-24T05:54:42Z", "ms": 2479182882334.2573 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 165, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-25T06:10:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T03:10:40Z", "ms": 2479259439978.9917 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-25T08:55:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T05:55:04Z", "ms": 2479269303541.41 } }, "covered_min": 164, "window_min": 164, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 15:46 on Fri 24 Jul to 12:34 on Sat 25 Jul.", "fact": "2048-07-24T12:45:40Z → 2048-07-25T09:34:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:10–08:55 on the 24th, 06:11–08:55 on the 25th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 165 minutes on the 24th and 164 of 164 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13137 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vyāsa Pūjā, Giza, 2048: Saturday 25 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vyasa-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vyāsa Pūjā 2048 falls on Saturday 25 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 15:46 on Fri 24 Jul to 12:34 on Sat 25 Jul and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vyasa-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/guru-purnima", "festival": "guru-purnima", "name": "Guru Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-07-25", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 219, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2048-07-24T15:45:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-24T12:45:40Z", "ms": 2479207540450.8384 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-25T12:34:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T09:34:00Z", "ms": 2479282440317.43 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-07-24T15:45:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-24T12:45:40Z", "ms": 2479207540450.8384 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-25T12:34:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T09:34:00Z", "ms": 2479282440317.43 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-07-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-24T12:37:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-24T09:37:39Z", "ms": 2479196258861.8105 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-24T13:25:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-24T10:25:39Z", "ms": 2479199138861.8105 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-25T12:37:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T09:37:39Z", "ms": 2479282658885.038 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-25T13:25:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T10:25:39Z", "ms": 2479285538885.038 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 15:46 on Fri 24 Jul to 12:34 on Sat 25 Jul.", "fact": "2048-07-24T12:45:40Z → 2048-07-25T09:34:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:38–13:26 on the 24th, 12:38–13:26 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → second-day · margin 219 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Guru Pūrṇimā, Giza, 2048: Saturday 25 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "guru-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-25", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Guru Pūrṇimā 2048 falls on Saturday 25 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 15:46 on Fri 24 Jul to 12:34 on Sat 25 Jul, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day. It is 3 min 39 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/guru-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-07-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37895, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2048-07-26T09:37:41+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-26T06:37:41Z", "ms": 2479358261044.464 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-27T07:05:55+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-27T04:05:55Z", "ms": 2479435555018.867 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-07-26T09:37:41+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-26T06:37:41Z", "ms": 2479358261044.464 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-27T07:05:55+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-27T04:05:55Z", "ms": 2479435555018.867 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-25T19:53:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T16:53:40Z", "ms": 2479308819753.0938 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-25T19:53:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-25T16:53:40Z", "ms": 2479308819753.0938 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-07-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-26T20:34:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-26T17:34:20Z", "ms": 2479397660061.9478 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-26T20:34:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-26T17:34:20Z", "ms": 2479397660061.9478 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 09:38 on Sun 26 Jul to 07:06 on Mon 27 Jul.", "fact": "2048-07-26T06:37:41Z → 2048-07-27T04:05:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:54 on the 25th and 20:34 on the 26th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 25th and is on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37895 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha), Giza, 2048: Sunday 26 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunya sayana vrata (candrodaya vyapini; purvahna vyapini and purvaviddha in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row reads pūrvāhṇa and pūrvaviddha; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha) 2048 falls on Sunday 26 July. Dvitīyā runs from 09:38 on Sun 26 Jul to 07:06 on Mon 27 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-07-28", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-07-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21875, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-07-28T05:07:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-28T02:07:30Z", "ms": 2479514849812.8203 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-29T03:50:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-29T00:50:04Z", "ms": 2479596603597.1587 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-07-28T05:07:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-28T02:07:30Z", "ms": 2479514849812.8203 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-29T03:50:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-29T00:50:04Z", "ms": 2479596603597.1587 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-07-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-27T21:11:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-27T18:11:05Z", "ms": 2479486265497.574 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-27T21:11:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-27T18:11:05Z", "ms": 2479486265497.574 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-07-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-07-28T21:45:29+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-28T18:45:29Z", "ms": 2479574728510.458 }, "end": { "local": "2048-07-28T21:45:29+03:00", "utc": "2048-07-28T18:45:29Z", "ms": 2479574728510.458 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 05:07 on Tue 28 Jul to 03:50 on Wed 29 Jul.", "fact": "2048-07-28T02:07:30Z → 2048-07-29T00:50:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:11 on the 27th and 21:45 on the 28th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 27th and is on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21875 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 28 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-07-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2048 falls on Tuesday 28 July. Caturthī runs from 05:07 on Tue 28 Jul to 03:50 on Wed 29 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-07-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-08-05", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18000, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-08-04T11:16:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-04T08:16:38Z", "ms": 2480141798440.4834 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-05T13:51:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-05T10:51:25Z", "ms": 2480237485220.347 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-08-04T11:16:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-04T08:16:38Z", "ms": 2480141798440.4834 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-05T13:51:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-05T10:51:25Z", "ms": 2480237485220.347 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-04T06:16:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-04T03:16:39Z", "ms": 2480123798855.4014 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-04T06:16:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-04T03:16:39Z", "ms": 2480123798855.4014 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-05T06:17:15+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-05T03:17:15Z", "ms": 2480210234927.1167 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-05T06:17:15+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-05T03:17:15Z", "ms": 2480210234927.1167 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:17 on Tue 4 Aug to 13:51 on Wed 5 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-04T08:16:38Z → 2048-08-05T10:51:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:17 on the 4th and 06:17 on the 5th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 4th and is on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18000 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 5 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kāmikā Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Wednesday 5 August. Ekādaśī runs from 11:17 on Tue 4 Aug to 13:51 on Wed 5 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-08-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-08-06", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5089, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-08-06T16:15:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-06T13:15:20Z", "ms": 2480332519857.922 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-07T18:18:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-07T15:18:16Z", "ms": 2480426295997.0835 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-08-06T16:15:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-06T13:15:20Z", "ms": 2480332519857.922 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-07T18:18:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-07T15:18:16Z", "ms": 2480426295997.0835 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-06T19:43:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-06T16:43:56Z", "ms": 2480345035702.717 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-06T21:08:32+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-06T18:08:32Z", "ms": 2480350111869.206 } }, "covered_min": 85, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-08-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-07T19:43:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-07T16:43:05Z", "ms": 2480431384561.343 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-07T21:07:52+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-07T18:07:52Z", "ms": 2480436472336.1733 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:15 on Thu 6 Aug to 18:18 on Fri 7 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-06T13:15:20Z → 2048-08-07T15:18:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:44–21:09 on the 6th, 19:43–21:08 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 85 of 85 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 85 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5089 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Thursday 6 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Thursday 6 August. Trayodaśī runs from 16:15 on Thu 6 Aug to 18:18 on Fri 7 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-08-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-08-07", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16988, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-08-07T18:18:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-07T15:18:16Z", "ms": 2480426295997.0835 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-08T19:53:48+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-08T16:53:48Z", "ms": 2480518427813.7715 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-08-07T18:18:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-07T15:18:16Z", "ms": 2480426295997.0835 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-08T19:53:48+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-08T16:53:48Z", "ms": 2480518427813.7715 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-08T00:37:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-07T21:37:04Z", "ms": 2480449023716.958 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-08T01:25:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-07T22:25:04Z", "ms": 2480451903716.958 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-08-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-09T00:36:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-08T21:36:56Z", "ms": 2480535415525.504 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-09T01:24:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-08T22:24:56Z", "ms": 2480538295525.504 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 18:18 on Fri 7 Aug to 19:54 on Sat 8 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-07T15:18:16Z → 2048-08-08T16:53:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:37–01:25 on the 7th, 00:37–01:25 on the 8th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16988 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2048: Friday 7 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2048 falls on Friday 7 August. Caturdaśī runs from 18:18 on Fri 7 Aug to 19:54 on Sat 8 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-08-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/madhusrava-tritiya", "festival": "madhusrava-tritiya", "name": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Hariyali Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28556, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2048-08-11T21:39:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-11T18:39:54Z", "ms": 2480783994303.7837 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-12T21:19:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-12T18:19:56Z", "ms": 2480869195602.614 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-08-11T21:39:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-11T18:39:54Z", "ms": 2480783994303.7837 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-12T21:19:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-12T18:19:56Z", "ms": 2480869195602.614 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-11T12:36:10+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-11T09:36:10Z", "ms": 2480751369735.943 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-11T13:24:10+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-11T10:24:10Z", "ms": 2480754249735.943 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-12T12:35:59+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-12T09:35:59Z", "ms": 2480837759318.9053 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-12T13:23:59+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-12T10:23:59Z", "ms": 2480840639318.9053 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 21:40 on Tue 11 Aug to 21:20 on Wed 12 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-11T18:39:54Z → 2048-08-12T18:19:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:36–13:24 on the 11th, 12:36–13:24 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28556 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 12 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "madhusrava-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Madhusrava (Gujerat) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Madhusravā Tṛtīyā (Hariyali Teej) 2048 falls on Wednesday 12 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 21:40 on Tue 11 Aug to 21:20 on Wed 12 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/madhusrava-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-08-13", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25971, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-08-12T21:19:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-12T18:19:56Z", "ms": 2480869195602.614 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-13T20:36:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-13T17:36:39Z", "ms": 2480952998899.2437 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-08-12T21:19:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-12T18:19:56Z", "ms": 2480869195602.614 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-13T20:36:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-13T17:36:39Z", "ms": 2480952998899.2437 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-12T12:35:59+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-12T09:35:59Z", "ms": 2480837759318.9053 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-12T13:23:59+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-12T10:23:59Z", "ms": 2480840639318.9053 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-13T12:35:48+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-13T09:35:48Z", "ms": 2480924148345.454 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-13T13:23:48+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-13T10:23:48Z", "ms": 2480927028345.454 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:20 on Wed 12 Aug to 20:37 on Thu 13 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-12T18:19:56Z → 2048-08-13T17:36:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:36–13:24 on the 12th, 12:36–13:24 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25971 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Thursday 13 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2048 falls on Thursday 13 August. Caturthī runs from 21:20 on Wed 12 Aug to 20:37 on Thu 13 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-08-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/naga-panchami", "festival": "naga-panchami", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22133, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2048-08-13T20:36:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-13T17:36:39Z", "ms": 2480952998899.2437 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-14T19:32:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-14T16:32:30Z", "ms": 2481035549951.9385 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-08-13T20:36:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-13T17:36:39Z", "ms": 2480952998899.2437 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-14T19:32:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-14T16:32:30Z", "ms": 2481035549951.9385 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-13T12:35:48+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-13T09:35:48Z", "ms": 2480924148345.454 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-13T13:23:48+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-13T10:23:48Z", "ms": 2480927028345.454 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-14T12:35:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-14T09:35:37Z", "ms": 2481010536821.174 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-14T13:23:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-14T10:23:37Z", "ms": 2481013416821.174 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 20:37 on Thu 13 Aug to 19:32 on Fri 14 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-13T17:36:39Z → 2048-08-14T16:32:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:36–13:24 on the 13th, 12:36–13:24 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22133 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī, Giza, 2048: Friday 14 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Nāga Pañcamī 2048 falls on Friday 14 August. Pañcamī runs from 20:37 on Thu 13 Aug to 19:32 on Fri 14 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/naga-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-08-20", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3169, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-08-19T09:53:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-19T06:53:57Z", "ms": 2481432837437.7793 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-20T07:18:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-20T04:18:53Z", "ms": 2481509932850.899 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-08-19T09:53:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-19T06:53:57Z", "ms": 2481432837437.7793 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-20T07:18:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-20T04:18:53Z", "ms": 2481509932850.899 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-19T06:25:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-19T03:25:30Z", "ms": 2481420330040.9014 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-19T06:25:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-19T03:25:30Z", "ms": 2481420330040.9014 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-20T06:26:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-20T03:26:04Z", "ms": 2481506764294.6743 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-20T06:26:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-20T03:26:04Z", "ms": 2481506764294.6743 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 09:54 on Wed 19 Aug to 07:19 on Thu 20 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-19T06:53:57Z → 2048-08-20T04:18:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:26 on the 19th and 06:26 on the 20th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3169 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Thursday 20 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Putradā Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Thursday 20 August. Ekādaśī runs from 09:54 on Wed 19 Aug to 07:19 on Thu 20 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-08-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/damodara-dvadashi", "festival": "damodara-dvadashi", "name": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18924, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-08-20T07:18:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-20T04:18:53Z", "ms": 2481509932850.899 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-21T04:38:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-21T01:38:20Z", "ms": 2481586700416.707 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-08-20T07:18:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-20T04:18:53Z", "ms": 2481509932850.899 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-21T04:38:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-21T01:38:20Z", "ms": 2481586700416.707 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-20T12:34:17+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-20T09:34:17Z", "ms": 2481528856570.4023 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-20T13:22:17+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-20T10:22:17Z", "ms": 2481531736570.4023 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-21T12:34:01+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-21T09:34:01Z", "ms": 2481615241450.625 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-21T13:22:01+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-21T10:22:01Z", "ms": 2481618121450.625 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 07:19 on Thu 20 Aug to 04:38 on Fri 21 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-20T04:18:53Z → 2048-08-21T01:38:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:34–13:22 on the 20th, 12:34–13:22 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 18924 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī, Giza, 2048: Thursday 20 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "damodara-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Buddha dvadasi, Damodara dvadasi (purvaviddha), Visnu-pavitraropana." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Dāmodara Dvādaśī 2048 falls on Thursday 20 August. Dvādaśī runs from 07:19 on Thu 20 Aug to 04:38 on Fri 21 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/damodara-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-08-21", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18058, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-08-21T04:38:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-21T01:38:20Z", "ms": 2481586700416.707 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-22T01:58:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-21T22:58:05Z", "ms": 2481663484879.7993 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-08-21T04:38:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-21T01:38:20Z", "ms": 2481586700416.707 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-22T01:58:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-21T22:58:05Z", "ms": 2481663484879.7993 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-20T19:30:29+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-20T16:30:29Z", "ms": 2481553828846.131 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-20T20:57:58+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-20T17:57:58Z", "ms": 2481559078117.304 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-21T19:29:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-21T16:29:25Z", "ms": 2481640164521.318 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-21T20:57:07+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-21T17:57:07Z", "ms": 2481645426891.962 } }, "covered_min": 88, "window_min": 88, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 04:38 on Fri 21 Aug to 01:58 on Sat 22 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-21T01:38:20Z → 2048-08-21T22:58:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:30–20:58 on the 20th, 19:29–20:57 on the 21st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 87 minutes on the 20th and 88 of 88 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18058 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Friday 21 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Friday 21 August. Trayodaśī runs from 04:38 on Fri 21 Aug to 01:58 on Sat 22 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-08-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/raksha-bandhana", "festival": "raksha-bandhana", "name": "Rakṣā Bandhana", "everyday": "Rakhi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13559, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2048-08-22T23:25:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-22T20:25:05Z", "ms": 2481740704743.7017 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-23T21:07:15+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-23T18:07:15Z", "ms": 2481818835236.1235 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "second-half", "start": { "local": "2048-08-23T10:13:45+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-23T07:13:45Z", "ms": 2481779624914.4277 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-23T21:07:15+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-23T18:07:15Z", "ms": 2481818835236.1235 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-22T06:27:12+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-22T03:27:12Z", "ms": 2481679632301.149 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-23T06:27:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-23T03:27:46Z", "ms": 2481766066064.626 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-23T06:27:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-23T03:27:46Z", "ms": 2481766066064.626 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-24T06:28:20+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-24T03:28:20Z", "ms": 2481852499678.013 } }, "covered_min": 654, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 23:25 on Sat 22 Aug to 21:07 on Sun 23 Aug. Its second half begins at 10:14 on Sun 23 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-22T20:25:05Z → 2048-08-23T18:07:15Z · second half from 2048-08-23T07:13:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:27 on the 22nd, and from 06:28 on the 23rd.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The second half of Pūrṇimā must be present during the day. It covers 0 of 1441 minutes on the 22nd and 654 of 1441 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13559 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rakṣā Bandhana, Giza, 2048: Sunday 23 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "raksha-bandhana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "day", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated", "half": "second" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Rakṣā Bandhana (Rakhi) 2048 falls on Sunday 23 August. The second half of Pūrṇimā runs from 10:14 on Sun 23 Aug to 21:07 on Sun 23 Aug and lies within that day, sunrise to sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/raksha-bandhana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/rishi-tarpana", "festival": "rishi-tarpana", "name": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27945, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2048-08-22T23:25:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-22T20:25:05Z", "ms": 2481740704743.7017 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-23T21:07:15+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-23T18:07:15Z", "ms": 2481818835236.1235 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-08-22T23:25:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-22T20:25:05Z", "ms": 2481740704743.7017 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-23T21:07:15+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-23T18:07:15Z", "ms": 2481818835236.1235 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-22T12:33:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-22T09:33:46Z", "ms": 2481701625871.38 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-22T13:21:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-22T10:21:46Z", "ms": 2481704505871.38 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-23T12:33:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-23T09:33:30Z", "ms": 2481788009850.1387 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-23T13:21:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-23T10:21:30Z", "ms": 2481790889850.1387 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 23:25 on Sat 22 Aug to 21:07 on Sun 23 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-22T20:25:05Z → 2048-08-23T18:07:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:34–13:22 on the 22nd, 12:33–13:21 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27945 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa, Giza, 2048: Sunday 23 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa 2048 falls on Sunday 23 August. Pūrṇimā runs from 23:25 on Sat 22 Aug to 21:07 on Sun 23 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/rishi-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1702, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2048-08-24T19:13:01+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-24T16:13:01Z", "ms": 2481898381065.2656 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-25T17:50:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-25T14:50:38Z", "ms": 2481979837582.8027 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-08-24T19:13:01+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-24T16:13:01Z", "ms": 2481898381065.2656 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-25T17:50:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-25T14:50:38Z", "ms": 2481979837582.8027 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-24T19:41:23+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-24T16:41:23Z", "ms": 2481900082732.265 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-24T19:41:23+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-24T16:41:23Z", "ms": 2481900082732.265 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-25T20:15:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-25T17:15:40Z", "ms": 2481988539589.062 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-25T20:15:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-25T17:15:40Z", "ms": 2481988539589.062 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 19:13 on Mon 24 Aug to 17:51 on Tue 25 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-24T16:13:01Z → 2048-08-25T14:50:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:41 on the 24th and 20:16 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 24th and is not on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1702 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata, Giza, 2048: Monday 24 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunyasayana vrata (Dvitiya current at moonrise; if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata 2048 falls on Monday 24 August. Dvitīyā runs from 19:13 on Mon 24 Aug to 17:51 on Tue 25 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/kajjali-tritiya", "festival": "kajjali-tritiya", "name": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Kajari Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13599, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 17, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2048-08-25T17:50:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-25T14:50:38Z", "ms": 2481979837582.8027 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-26T17:07:18+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-26T14:07:18Z", "ms": 2482063638432.6714 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-08-25T17:50:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-25T14:50:38Z", "ms": 2481979837582.8027 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-26T17:07:18+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-26T14:07:18Z", "ms": 2482063638432.6714 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-25T12:32:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-25T09:32:57Z", "ms": 2481960776555.035 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-25T13:20:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-25T10:20:57Z", "ms": 2481963656555.035 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-26T12:32:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-26T09:32:39Z", "ms": 2482047159318.4937 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-26T13:20:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-26T10:20:39Z", "ms": 2482050039318.4937 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 17:51 on Tue 25 Aug to 17:07 on Wed 26 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-25T14:50:38Z → 2048-08-26T14:07:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:33–13:21 on the 25th, 12:33–13:21 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13599 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 26 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kajjali-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 3 Kajjali trtiya, (paraviddha), Angaveta trtiya (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kajjalī Tṛtīyā (Kajari Teej) 2048 falls on Wednesday 26 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 17:51 on Tue 25 Aug to 17:07 on Wed 26 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/kajjali-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/bahula-chaturthi", "festival": "bahula-chaturthi", "name": "Bahulā Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1099, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-08-26T17:07:18+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-26T14:07:18Z", "ms": 2482063638432.6714 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-27T17:08:09+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-27T14:08:09Z", "ms": 2482150089488.311 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-08-26T17:07:18+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-26T14:07:18Z", "ms": 2482063638432.6714 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-27T17:08:09+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-27T14:08:09Z", "ms": 2482150089488.311 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-26T16:48:59+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-26T13:48:59Z", "ms": 2482062539016.617 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-26T19:23:52+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-26T16:23:52Z", "ms": 2482071832148.6997 } }, "covered_min": 137, "window_min": 155, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-27T16:48:11+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-27T13:48:11Z", "ms": 2482148890921.1104 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-27T19:22:44+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-27T16:22:44Z", "ms": 2482158163725.859 } }, "covered_min": 20, "window_min": 155, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 17:07 on Wed 26 Aug to 17:08 on Thu 27 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-26T14:07:18Z → 2048-08-27T14:08:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:49–19:24 on the 26th, 16:48–19:23 on the 27th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 137 of 155 minutes on the 26th and 20 of 155 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both late afternoons qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 1099 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bahulā Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 26 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bahula-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Bahula caturthi (Madhyadesa) (Sayahnavyapini: if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the 1st day)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Bahulā Caturthī 2048 falls on Wednesday 26 August. Caturthī runs from 17:07 on Wed 26 Aug to 17:08 on Thu 27 Aug and covers 137 of 155 minutes of sāyāhna that late afternoon. It also reaches the next late afternoon for 20 minutes; by the rule the first late afternoon is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/bahula-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-08-26", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13350, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-08-26T17:07:18+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-26T14:07:18Z", "ms": 2482063638432.6714 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-27T17:08:09+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-27T14:08:09Z", "ms": 2482150089488.311 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-08-26T17:07:18+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-26T14:07:18Z", "ms": 2482063638432.6714 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-27T17:08:09+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-27T14:08:09Z", "ms": 2482150089488.311 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-26T20:49:49+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-26T17:49:49Z", "ms": 2482076988540.008 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-26T20:49:49+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-26T17:49:49Z", "ms": 2482076988540.008 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-27T21:24:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-27T18:24:56Z", "ms": 2482165496059.2915 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-27T21:24:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-27T18:24:56Z", "ms": 2482165496059.2915 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 17:07 on Wed 26 Aug to 17:08 on Thu 27 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-26T14:07:18Z → 2048-08-27T14:08:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:50 on the 26th and 21:25 on the 27th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 26th and is not on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13350 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 26 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2048 falls on Wednesday 26 August. Caturthī runs from 17:07 on Wed 26 Aug to 17:08 on Thu 27 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-08-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/hala-shashthi", "festival": "hala-shashthi", "name": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16491, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2048-08-28T17:54:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-28T14:54:54Z", "ms": 2482239294466.967 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-29T19:24:47+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-29T16:24:47Z", "ms": 2482331087370.512 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-08-28T17:54:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-28T14:54:54Z", "ms": 2482239294466.967 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-29T19:24:47+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-29T16:24:47Z", "ms": 2482331087370.512 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-28T12:32:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-28T09:32:04Z", "ms": 2482219923759.622 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-28T13:20:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-28T10:20:04Z", "ms": 2482222803759.622 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-29T12:31:45+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-29T09:31:45Z", "ms": 2482306305473.1055 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-29T13:19:45+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-29T10:19:45Z", "ms": 2482309185473.1055 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:55 on Fri 28 Aug to 19:25 on Sat 29 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-28T14:54:54Z → 2048-08-29T16:24:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 28th, 12:32–13:20 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16491 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī, Giza, 2048: Saturday 29 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "hala-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Hala sasthi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Hala Ṣaṣṭhī 2048 falls on Saturday 29 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:55 on Fri 28 Aug to 19:25 on Sat 29 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/hala-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/janmashtami", "festival": "janmashtami", "name": "Janmāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2010, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2048-08-30T21:29:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-30T18:29:57Z", "ms": 2482424997356.7036 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-31T23:57:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-31T20:57:54Z", "ms": 2482520273992.117 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-08-30T21:29:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-30T18:29:57Z", "ms": 2482424997356.7036 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-31T23:57:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-31T20:57:54Z", "ms": 2482520273992.117 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-31T00:31:43+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-30T21:31:43Z", "ms": 2482435903266.877 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-31T01:19:43+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-30T22:19:43Z", "ms": 2482438783266.877 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-01T00:31:24+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-31T21:31:24Z", "ms": 2482522284323.549 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-01T01:19:24+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-31T22:19:24Z", "ms": 2482525164323.549 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 21:30 on Sun 30 Aug to 23:58 on Mon 31 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-30T18:29:57Z → 2048-08-31T20:57:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:32–01:20 on the 30th, 00:31–01:19 on the 31st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2010 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Janmāṣṭamī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 30 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "janmashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Janmastami (madhyaratra-vyapini), if midnight is covered on two days, or not on any day, it is to be observed on the 2nd day; special when combined with naksatra 'Rohini' at midnight, more so when on Monday or Wednesday. If the combination occurs before midnight and 'Rohini' extends up to midnight, it is to be observed on that day. Gokulastami." } ], "not_evaluated": "The clauses on Rohiṇī nakṣatra, the Vaiṣṇava observance on the day after saptamī, and the Assam and South India reckoning in the solar month belong to other readings and are not applied.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Janmāṣṭamī 2048 falls on Sunday 30 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 21:30 on Sun 30 Aug to 23:58 on Mon 31 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/janmashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/shitala-saptami", "festival": "shitala-saptami", "name": "Śītalā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-08-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21902, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 21, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2048-08-29T19:24:47+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-29T16:24:47Z", "ms": 2482331087370.512 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-30T21:29:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-30T18:29:57Z", "ms": 2482424997356.7036 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-08-29T19:24:47+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-29T16:24:47Z", "ms": 2482331087370.512 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-30T21:29:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-30T18:29:57Z", "ms": 2482424997356.7036 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-29T12:31:45+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-29T09:31:45Z", "ms": 2482306305473.1055 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-29T13:19:45+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-29T10:19:45Z", "ms": 2482309185473.1055 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-08-30T12:31:27+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-30T09:31:27Z", "ms": 2482392686871.7944 }, "end": { "local": "2048-08-30T13:19:27+03:00", "utc": "2048-08-30T10:19:27Z", "ms": 2482395566871.7944 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 19:25 on Sat 29 Aug to 21:30 on Sun 30 Aug.", "fact": "2048-08-29T16:24:47Z → 2048-08-30T18:29:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 29th, 12:31–13:19 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 21902 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalā Saptamī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 30 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitala-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 7 Sitala saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śītalā Saptamī 2048 falls on Sunday 30 August. Saptamī runs from 19:25 on Sat 29 Aug to 21:30 on Sun 30 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/shitala-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-09-04", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ajā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1737, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-09-03T04:59:31+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-03T01:59:31Z", "ms": 2482711170871.9766 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-04T07:03:18+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-04T04:03:18Z", "ms": 2482804998411.091 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-03T04:59:31+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-03T01:59:31Z", "ms": 2482711170871.9766 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-04T07:03:18+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-04T04:03:18Z", "ms": 2482804998411.091 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-03T06:33:49+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-03T03:33:49Z", "ms": 2482716829328.033 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-03T06:33:49+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-03T03:33:49Z", "ms": 2482716829328.033 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-04T06:34:22+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-04T03:34:22Z", "ms": 2482803261803.5796 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-04T06:34:22+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-04T03:34:22Z", "ms": 2482803261803.5796 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:00 on Thu 3 Sep to 07:03 on Fri 4 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-03T01:59:31Z → 2048-09-04T04:03:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:34 on the 3rd and 06:34 on the 4th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 3rd and is on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both sunrises qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 1737 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ajā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Friday 4 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Ajā Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Friday 4 September. Ekādaśī runs from 05:00 on Thu 3 Sep to 07:03 on Fri 4 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-09-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-09-05", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34941, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-09-05T08:34:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-05T05:34:39Z", "ms": 2482896879345.323 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-06T09:28:31+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-06T06:28:31Z", "ms": 2482986511056.194 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-05T08:34:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-05T05:34:39Z", "ms": 2482896879345.323 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-06T09:28:31+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-06T06:28:31Z", "ms": 2482986511056.194 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-05T19:12:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-05T16:12:05Z", "ms": 2482935124972.2686 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-05T20:43:12+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-05T17:43:12Z", "ms": 2482940591852.4956 } }, "covered_min": 91, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-06T19:10:52+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-06T16:10:52Z", "ms": 2483021451937.989 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-06T20:42:13+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-06T17:42:13Z", "ms": 2483026932863.7695 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:35 on Sat 5 Sep to 09:29 on Sun 6 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-05T05:34:39Z → 2048-09-06T06:28:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:12–20:43 on the 5th, 19:11–20:42 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 91 of 91 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 91 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34941 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Saturday 5 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Saturday 5 September. Trayodaśī runs from 08:35 on Sat 5 Sep to 09:29 on Sun 6 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-09-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/aghora-chaturdashi", "festival": "aghora-chaturdashi", "name": "Aghora Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33923, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-09-06T09:28:31+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-06T06:28:31Z", "ms": 2482986511056.194 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-07T09:44:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-07T06:44:16Z", "ms": 2483073855870.4253 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-06T09:28:31+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-06T06:28:31Z", "ms": 2482986511056.194 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-07T09:44:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-07T06:44:16Z", "ms": 2483073855870.4253 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-06T19:10:52+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-06T16:10:52Z", "ms": 2483021451937.989 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-06T20:42:13+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-06T17:42:13Z", "ms": 2483026932863.7695 } }, "covered_min": 91, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-07T19:09:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-07T16:09:39Z", "ms": 2483107778585.043 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-07T20:41:14+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-07T17:41:14Z", "ms": 2483113273593.0415 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 92, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 09:29 on Sun 6 Sep to 09:44 on Mon 7 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-06T06:28:31Z → 2048-09-07T06:44:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:11–20:42 on the 6th, 19:10–20:41 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 91 of 91 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 92 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33923 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aghora Caturdaśī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 6 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aghora-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Aghora caturdasi (pradosa vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Aghora Caturdaśī 2048 falls on Sunday 6 September. Caturdaśī runs from 09:29 on Sun 6 Sep to 09:44 on Mon 7 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/aghora-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-09-06", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29445, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-09-06T09:28:31+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-06T06:28:31Z", "ms": 2482986511056.194 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-07T09:44:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-07T06:44:16Z", "ms": 2483073855870.4253 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-06T09:28:31+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-06T06:28:31Z", "ms": 2482986511056.194 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-07T09:44:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-07T06:44:16Z", "ms": 2483073855870.4253 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-06T00:29:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-05T21:29:46Z", "ms": 2482954185773.12 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-06T01:17:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-05T22:17:46Z", "ms": 2482957065773.12 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-07T00:29:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-06T21:29:25Z", "ms": 2483040565409.6665 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-07T01:17:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-06T22:17:25Z", "ms": 2483043445409.6665 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 09:29 on Sun 6 Sep to 09:44 on Mon 7 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-06T06:28:31Z → 2048-09-07T06:44:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:30–01:18 on the 5th, 00:29–01:17 on the 6th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29445 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2048: Sunday 6 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2048 falls on Sunday 6 September. Caturdaśī runs from 09:29 on Sun 6 Sep to 09:44 on Mon 7 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-09-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/rudra-vrata", "festival": "rudra-vrata", "name": "Rudra Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11027, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2048-09-08T09:24:41+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-08T06:24:41Z", "ms": 2483159080580.654 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-09T08:34:43+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-09T05:34:43Z", "ms": 2483242482753.8647 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-08T09:24:41+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-08T06:24:41Z", "ms": 2483159080580.654 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-09T08:34:43+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-09T05:34:43Z", "ms": 2483242482753.8647 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-08T12:28:28+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-08T09:28:28Z", "ms": 2483170108041.371 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-08T13:16:28+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-08T10:16:28Z", "ms": 2483172988041.371 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-09T12:28:07+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-09T09:28:07Z", "ms": 2483256487195.578 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-09T13:16:07+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-09T10:16:07Z", "ms": 2483259367195.578 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 09:25 on Tue 8 Sep to 08:35 on Wed 9 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-08T06:24:41Z → 2048-09-09T05:34:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 8th, 12:28–13:16 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 11027 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rudra Vrata, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 8 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rudra-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Rudra vrata (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Rudra Vrata 2048 falls on Tuesday 8 September. Pratipadā runs from 09:25 on Tue 8 Sep to 08:35 on Wed 9 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/rudra-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/haritalika-vrata", "festival": "haritalika-vrata", "name": "Haritālikā Vrata", "everyday": "Hartalika Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18445, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2048-09-10T07:20:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-10T04:20:21Z", "ms": 2483324421321.6 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-11T05:47:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-11T02:47:40Z", "ms": 2483405259771.188 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-10T07:20:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-10T04:20:21Z", "ms": 2483324421321.6 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-11T05:47:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-11T02:47:40Z", "ms": 2483405259771.188 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-10T12:27:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-10T09:27:46Z", "ms": 2483342866210.794 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-10T13:15:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-10T10:15:46Z", "ms": 2483345746210.794 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-11T12:27:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-11T09:27:25Z", "ms": 2483429245102.204 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-11T13:15:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-11T10:15:25Z", "ms": 2483432125102.204 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 07:20 on Thu 10 Sep to 05:48 on Fri 11 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-10T04:20:21Z → 2048-09-11T02:47:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 10th, 12:27–13:15 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18445 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Haritālikā Vrata, Giza, 2048: Thursday 10 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "haritalika-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Haritalika vrata (paraviddha), Gauri vrata (Orissa), Gauri (Mysore)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Haritālikā Vrata (Hartalika Teej) 2048 falls on Thursday 10 September. Tṛtīyā runs from 07:20 on Thu 10 Sep to 05:48 on Fri 11 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/haritalika-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ganesha-chaturthi", "festival": "ganesha-chaturthi", "name": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23985, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-09-11T05:47:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-11T02:47:40Z", "ms": 2483405259771.188 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-12T04:02:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-12T01:02:05Z", "ms": 2483485324625.9443 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-11T05:47:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-11T02:47:40Z", "ms": 2483405259771.188 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-12T04:02:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-12T01:02:05Z", "ms": 2483485324625.9443 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-11T12:27:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-11T09:27:25Z", "ms": 2483429245102.204 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-11T13:15:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-11T10:15:25Z", "ms": 2483432125102.204 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-12T12:27:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-12T09:27:04Z", "ms": 2483515623885.6494 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-12T13:15:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-12T10:15:04Z", "ms": 2483518503885.6494 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 05:48 on Fri 11 Sep to 04:02 on Sat 12 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-11T02:47:40Z → 2048-09-12T01:02:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:27–13:15 on the 11th, 12:27–13:15 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 23985 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Friday 11 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Varada caturthi (purvaviddha, madhyahnavyapini), Samvatsari parva (Jain-caturthi paksa), Saubhagya caturthi (Bengal), Ganesa caturthi (madhyahna vyapini and purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Gaṇeśa Caturthī 2048 falls on Friday 11 September. Caturthī runs from 05:48 on Fri 11 Sep to 04:02 on Sat 12 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ganesha-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/rishi-panchami", "festival": "rishi-panchami", "name": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30299, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2048-09-12T04:02:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-12T01:02:05Z", "ms": 2483485324625.9443 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-13T02:08:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-12T23:08:00Z", "ms": 2483564879810.501 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-12T04:02:05+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-12T01:02:05Z", "ms": 2483485324625.9443 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-13T02:08:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-12T23:08:00Z", "ms": 2483564879810.501 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-12T12:27:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-12T09:27:04Z", "ms": 2483515623885.6494 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-12T13:15:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-12T10:15:04Z", "ms": 2483518503885.6494 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-13T12:26:43+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-13T09:26:43Z", "ms": 2483602002576.6045 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-13T13:14:43+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-13T10:14:43Z", "ms": 2483604882576.6045 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 04:02 on Sat 12 Sep to 02:08 on Sun 13 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-12T01:02:05Z → 2048-09-12T23:08:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:27–13:15 on the 12th, 12:27–13:15 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 30299 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Giza, 2048: Saturday 12 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 2048 falls on Saturday 12 September. Pañcamī runs from 04:02 on Sat 12 Sep to 02:08 on Sun 13 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/rishi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "festival": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37123, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2048-09-13T02:08:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-12T23:08:00Z", "ms": 2483564879810.501 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-14T00:08:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-13T21:08:37Z", "ms": 2483644117189.516 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-13T02:08:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-12T23:08:00Z", "ms": 2483564879810.501 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-14T00:08:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-13T21:08:37Z", "ms": 2483644117189.516 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-13T12:26:43+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-13T09:26:43Z", "ms": 2483602002576.6045 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-13T13:14:43+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-13T10:14:43Z", "ms": 2483604882576.6045 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-14T12:26:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-14T09:26:21Z", "ms": 2483688381192.884 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-14T13:14:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-14T10:14:21Z", "ms": 2483691261192.884 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 02:08 on Sun 13 Sep to 00:09 on Mon 14 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-12T23:08:00Z → 2048-09-13T21:08:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:27–13:15 on the 13th, 12:26–13:14 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 37123 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada), Giza, 2048: Sunday 13 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Surya sasthi (paraviddha), Lolarka sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada) 2048 falls on Sunday 13 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 02:08 on Sun 13 Sep to 00:09 on Mon 14 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/muktabharana-vrata", "festival": "muktabharana-vrata", "name": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31902, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2048-09-14T00:08:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-13T21:08:37Z", "ms": 2483644117189.516 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-14T22:06:03+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-14T19:06:03Z", "ms": 2483723163182.5645 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-14T00:08:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-13T21:08:37Z", "ms": 2483644117189.516 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-14T22:06:03+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-14T19:06:03Z", "ms": 2483723163182.5645 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-13T12:26:43+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-13T09:26:43Z", "ms": 2483602002576.6045 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-13T13:14:43+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-13T10:14:43Z", "ms": 2483604882576.6045 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-14T12:26:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-14T09:26:21Z", "ms": 2483688381192.884 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-14T13:14:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-14T10:14:21Z", "ms": 2483691261192.884 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 00:09 on Mon 14 Sep to 22:06 on Mon 14 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-13T21:08:37Z → 2048-09-14T19:06:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:27–13:15 on the 13th, 12:26–13:14 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 31902 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Monday 14 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "muktabharana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Muktabharana vrata (purvaviddha), Lalita saptami (Bengal & Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Muktābharaṇa Vrata 2048 falls on Monday 14 September. Saptamī runs from 00:09 on Mon 14 Sep to 22:06 on Mon 14 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/muktabharana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/radhashtami", "festival": "radhashtami", "name": "Rādhāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24460, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2048-09-14T22:06:03+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-14T19:06:03Z", "ms": 2483723163182.5645 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-15T20:01:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-15T17:01:40Z", "ms": 2483802099789.3022 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-14T22:06:03+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-14T19:06:03Z", "ms": 2483723163182.5645 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-15T20:01:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-15T17:01:40Z", "ms": 2483802099789.3022 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-14T12:26:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-14T09:26:21Z", "ms": 2483688381192.884 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-14T13:14:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-14T10:14:21Z", "ms": 2483691261192.884 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-15T12:26:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-15T09:26:00Z", "ms": 2483774759752.298 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-15T13:14:00+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-15T10:14:00Z", "ms": 2483777639752.298 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 22:06 on Mon 14 Sep to 20:02 on Tue 15 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-14T19:06:03Z → 2048-09-15T17:01:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:26–13:14 on the 14th, 12:26–13:14 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24460 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rādhāṣṭamī, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 15 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "radhashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Durvastami (purvaviddha — S 8 of saura Bhadra except Bengal), Mahalaksmi vratarambha, Radhastami (madhyahna vyapini)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Rādhāṣṭamī 2048 falls on Tuesday 15 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 22:06 on Mon 14 Sep to 20:02 on Tue 15 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/radhashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-09-18", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25763, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-09-17T15:52:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-17T12:52:21Z", "ms": 2483959940765.759 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-18T13:51:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-18T10:51:16Z", "ms": 2484039075896.5884 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-17T15:52:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-17T12:52:21Z", "ms": 2483959940765.759 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-18T13:51:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-18T10:51:16Z", "ms": 2484039075896.5884 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-17T06:41:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-17T03:41:21Z", "ms": 2483926880687.252 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-17T06:41:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-17T03:41:21Z", "ms": 2483926880687.252 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-18T06:41:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-18T03:41:53Z", "ms": 2484013312934.4 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-18T06:41:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-18T03:41:53Z", "ms": 2484013312934.4 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:52 on Thu 17 Sep to 13:51 on Fri 18 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-17T12:52:21Z → 2048-09-18T10:51:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:41 on the 17th and 06:42 on the 18th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 17th and is on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25763 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Friday 18 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Parivartanī Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Friday 18 September. Ekādaśī runs from 15:52 on Thu 17 Sep to 13:51 on Fri 18 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-09-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vamana-jayanti", "festival": "vamana-jayanti", "name": "Vāmana Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1661, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-09-18T13:51:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-18T10:51:16Z", "ms": 2484039075896.5884 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-19T11:56:52+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-19T08:56:52Z", "ms": 2484118612486.703 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-18T13:51:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-18T10:51:16Z", "ms": 2484039075896.5884 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-19T11:56:52+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-19T08:56:52Z", "ms": 2484118612486.703 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-18T12:24:55+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-18T09:24:55Z", "ms": 2484033895286.815 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-18T13:12:55+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-18T10:12:55Z", "ms": 2484036775286.815 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-19T12:24:34+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-19T09:24:34Z", "ms": 2484120273821.874 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-19T13:12:34+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-19T10:12:34Z", "ms": 2484123153821.874 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 13:51 on Fri 18 Sep to 11:57 on Sat 19 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-18T10:51:16Z → 2048-09-19T08:56:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:25–13:13 on the 18th, 12:25–13:13 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: unstated → second-day · margin 1661 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vāmana Jayantī, Giza, 2048: Saturday 19 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vamana-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Visnuparivartanotsava, Sakrotthana (in any of the naksatras U. Asadha, Sravana & Dhanistha), Kalki dvadasi, Sravana dvadasi (when combined with naksatra Sravana), Vamana jayanti (madhyahna vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-19", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vāmana Jayantī 2048 falls on Saturday 19 September. Dvādaśī runs from 13:51 on Fri 18 Sep to 11:57 on Sat 19 Sep, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vamana-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-09-19", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25070, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-09-19T11:56:52+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-19T08:56:52Z", "ms": 2484118612486.703 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-20T10:13:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-20T07:13:57Z", "ms": 2484198837334.129 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-19T11:56:52+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-19T08:56:52Z", "ms": 2484118612486.703 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-20T10:13:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-20T07:13:57Z", "ms": 2484198837334.129 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-19T18:54:42+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-19T15:54:42Z", "ms": 2484143682399.827 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-19T20:29:08+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-19T17:29:08Z", "ms": 2484149348430.9033 } }, "covered_min": 94, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-20T18:53:27+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-20T15:53:27Z", "ms": 2484230007180.984 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-20T20:28:08+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-20T17:28:08Z", "ms": 2484235687572.766 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 11:57 on Sat 19 Sep to 10:14 on Sun 20 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-19T08:56:52Z → 2048-09-20T07:13:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:55–20:29 on the 19th, 18:53–20:28 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 94 of 94 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 95 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25070 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Saturday 19 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Saturday 19 September. Trayodaśī runs from 11:57 on Sat 19 Sep to 10:14 on Sun 20 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-09-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ananta-chaturdashi", "festival": "ananta-chaturdashi", "name": "Ananta Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-20", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1252, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-09-20T10:13:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-20T07:13:57Z", "ms": 2484198837334.129 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-21T08:48:22+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-21T05:48:22Z", "ms": 2484280102252.392 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-20T10:13:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-20T07:13:57Z", "ms": 2484198837334.129 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-21T08:48:22+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-21T05:48:22Z", "ms": 2484280102252.392 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-20T06:42:58+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-20T03:42:58Z", "ms": 2484186177632.898 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-20T09:09:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-20T06:09:04Z", "ms": 2484194943542.515 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 146, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-09-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-21T06:43:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-21T03:43:30Z", "ms": 2484272610119.349 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-21T09:09:14+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-21T06:09:14Z", "ms": 2484281354498.03 } }, "covered_min": 125, "window_min": 146, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 10:14 on Sun 20 Sep to 08:48 on Mon 21 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-20T07:13:57Z → 2048-09-21T05:48:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:43–09:09 on the 20th, 06:44–09:09 on the 21st.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 146 minutes on the 20th and 125 of 146 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither morning qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 1252 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ananta Caturdaśī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 20 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananta-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Ananta caturdasi (covering three muhurtas from sunrise, but one muhurta in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row asks for one muhūrta from sunrise; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-20", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-20", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Ananta Caturdaśī 2048 falls on Sunday 20 September. Caturdaśī runs from 10:14 on Sun 20 Sep to 08:48 on Mon 21 Sep, and reaches the first three muhūrtas after sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ananta-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-09-25", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 42749, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-09-25T08:03:43+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-25T05:03:43Z", "ms": 2484623023338.849 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-26T09:27:08+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-26T06:27:08Z", "ms": 2484714428407.729 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-25T08:03:43+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-25T05:03:43Z", "ms": 2484623023338.849 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-26T09:27:08+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-26T06:27:08Z", "ms": 2484714428407.729 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-25T20:37:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-25T17:37:21Z", "ms": 2484668241440.907 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-25T20:37:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-25T17:37:21Z", "ms": 2484668241440.907 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-26T21:19:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-26T18:19:37Z", "ms": 2484757177332.8384 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-26T21:19:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-26T18:19:37Z", "ms": 2484757177332.8384 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:04 on Fri 25 Sep to 09:27 on Sat 26 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-25T05:03:43Z → 2048-09-26T06:27:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:37 on the 25th and 21:20 on the 26th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 25th and is not on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 42749 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Friday 25 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2048 falls on Friday 25 September. Caturthī runs from 08:04 on Fri 25 Sep to 09:27 on Sat 26 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-09-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/chandra-shashthi", "festival": "chandra-shashthi", "name": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32625, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2048-09-27T11:25:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-27T08:25:46Z", "ms": 2484807945650.815 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-28T13:50:22+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-28T10:50:22Z", "ms": 2484903022431.3594 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-27T11:25:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-27T08:25:46Z", "ms": 2484807945650.815 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-28T13:50:22+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-28T10:50:22Z", "ms": 2484903022431.3594 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-27T22:05:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-27T19:05:16Z", "ms": 2484846315831.153 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-27T22:05:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-27T19:05:16Z", "ms": 2484846315831.153 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-28T22:54:08+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-28T19:54:08Z", "ms": 2484935647504.986 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-28T22:54:08+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-28T19:54:08Z", "ms": 2484935647504.986 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 11:26 on Sun 27 Sep to 13:50 on Mon 28 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-27T08:25:46Z → 2048-09-28T10:50:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:05 on the 27th and 22:54 on the 28th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 27th and is not on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 32625 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 27 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chandra-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Candra sasthi (Sasthi current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Candra Ṣaṣṭhī 2048 falls on Sunday 27 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 11:26 on Sun 27 Sep to 13:50 on Mon 28 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/chandra-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/jitashtami", "festival": "jitashtami", "name": "Jitāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Jitiya", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-29", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1183, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2048-09-29T16:27:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-29T13:27:25Z", "ms": 2484998845084.58 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-30T19:00:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-30T16:00:46Z", "ms": 2485094446129.8394 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-29T16:27:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-29T13:27:25Z", "ms": 2484998845084.58 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-30T19:00:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-30T16:00:46Z", "ms": 2485094446129.8394 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-29T18:42:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-29T15:42:16Z", "ms": 2485006936116.575 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-29T20:19:06+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-29T17:19:06Z", "ms": 2485012745942.7397 } }, "covered_min": 97, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-30T18:41:03+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-30T15:41:03Z", "ms": 2485093262758.713 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-30T20:18:07+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-30T17:18:07Z", "ms": 2485099086952.8237 } }, "covered_min": 20, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 16:27 on Tue 29 Sep to 19:01 on Wed 30 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-29T13:27:25Z → 2048-09-30T16:00:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:42–20:19 on the 29th, 18:41–20:18 on the 30th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 97 of 97 minutes on the 29th and 20 of 97 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1183 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jitāṣṭamī, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 29 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "jitashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-29", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-29", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Jitāṣṭamī (Jitiya) 2048 falls on Tuesday 29 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 16:27 on Tue 29 Sep to 19:01 on Wed 30 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 20 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/jitashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "festival": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "name": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-09-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20310, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2048-09-29T16:27:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-29T13:27:25Z", "ms": 2484998845084.58 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-30T19:00:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-30T16:00:46Z", "ms": 2485094446129.8394 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-09-29T16:27:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-29T13:27:25Z", "ms": 2484998845084.58 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-30T19:00:46+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-30T16:00:46Z", "ms": 2485094446129.8394 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-09-29T23:45:41+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-29T20:45:41Z", "ms": 2485025141463.993 }, "end": { "local": "2048-09-29T23:45:41+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-29T20:45:41Z", "ms": 2485025141463.993 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-01T00:39:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-30T21:39:16Z", "ms": 2485114755679.5264 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-01T00:39:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-09-30T21:39:16Z", "ms": 2485114755679.5264 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 16:27 on Tue 29 Sep to 19:01 on Wed 30 Sep.", "fact": "2048-09-29T13:27:25Z → 2048-09-30T16:00:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:46 on the 29th and 00:39 on the 30th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 29th and is not on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20310 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 29 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana 2048 falls on Tuesday 29 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 16:27 on Tue 29 Sep to 19:01 on Wed 30 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-10-03", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Indirā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-10-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25016, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-10-02T22:54:59+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-02T19:54:59Z", "ms": 2485281299445.6777 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-03T23:53:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-03T20:53:53Z", "ms": 2485371233273.3267 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-10-02T22:54:59+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-02T19:54:59Z", "ms": 2485281299445.6777 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-03T23:53:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-03T20:53:53Z", "ms": 2485371233273.3267 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-10-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-03T06:50:14+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-03T03:50:14Z", "ms": 2485309813838.9023 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-03T06:50:14+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-03T03:50:14Z", "ms": 2485309813838.9023 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-04T06:50:49+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-04T03:50:49Z", "ms": 2485396249082.921 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-04T06:50:49+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-04T03:50:49Z", "ms": 2485396249082.921 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 22:55 on Fri 2 Oct to 23:54 on Sat 3 Oct.", "fact": "2048-10-02T19:54:59Z → 2048-10-03T20:53:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:50 on the 3rd and 06:51 on the 4th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 3rd and is not on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25016 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Indirā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Saturday 3 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Indirā Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Saturday 3 October. Ekādaśī runs from 22:55 on Fri 2 Oct to 23:54 on Sat 3 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-10-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-10-05", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-10-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12233, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-10-05T00:07:34+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-04T21:07:34Z", "ms": 2485458453682.6333 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-05T23:37:10+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-05T20:37:10Z", "ms": 2485543030127.6284 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-10-05T00:07:34+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-04T21:07:34Z", "ms": 2485458453682.6333 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-05T23:37:10+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-05T20:37:10Z", "ms": 2485543030127.6284 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-04T18:36:13+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-04T15:36:13Z", "ms": 2485438573093.865 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-04T20:14:15+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-04T17:14:15Z", "ms": 2485444454631.687 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-10-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-05T18:35:02+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-05T15:35:02Z", "ms": 2485524901758.5063 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-05T20:13:18+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-05T17:13:18Z", "ms": 2485530797588.1655 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 00:08 on Mon 5 Oct to 23:37 on Mon 5 Oct.", "fact": "2048-10-04T21:07:34Z → 2048-10-05T20:37:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:36–20:14 on the 4th, 18:35–20:13 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 98 minutes on the 4th and 98 of 98 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12233 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Monday 5 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Monday 5 October. Trayodaśī runs from 00:08 on Mon 5 Oct to 23:37 on Mon 5 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-10-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-10-05", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-10-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2541, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-10-05T23:37:10+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-05T20:37:10Z", "ms": 2485543030127.6284 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-06T22:27:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-06T19:27:25Z", "ms": 2485625245382.664 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-10-05T23:37:10+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-05T20:37:10Z", "ms": 2485543030127.6284 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-06T22:27:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-06T19:27:25Z", "ms": 2485625245382.664 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-10-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-06T00:19:31+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-05T21:19:31Z", "ms": 2485545571119.7285 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-06T01:07:31+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-05T22:07:31Z", "ms": 2485548451119.7285 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-07T00:19:14+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-06T21:19:14Z", "ms": 2485631953779.7905 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-07T01:07:14+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-06T22:07:14Z", "ms": 2485634833779.7905 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 23:37 on Mon 5 Oct to 22:27 on Tue 6 Oct.", "fact": "2048-10-05T20:37:10Z → 2048-10-06T19:27:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:20–01:08 on the 5th, 00:19–01:07 on the 6th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2541 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2048: Monday 5 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2048 falls on Monday 5 October. Caturdaśī runs from 23:37 on Mon 5 Oct to 22:27 on Tue 6 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-10-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/mahalaya-amavasya", "festival": "mahalaya-amavasya", "name": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā", "everyday": "Sarvapitṛ Amāvāsyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-10-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16359, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2048-10-06T22:27:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-06T19:27:25Z", "ms": 2485625245382.664 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-07T20:45:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-07T17:45:19Z", "ms": 2485705518726.77 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-10-06T22:27:25+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-06T19:27:25Z", "ms": 2485625245382.664 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-07T20:45:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-07T17:45:19Z", "ms": 2485705518726.77 } }, "kaala": "aparahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-06T13:53:07+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-06T10:53:07Z", "ms": 2485594386737.925 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-06T16:13:29+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-06T13:13:29Z", "ms": 2485602808823.583 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 140, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-07T13:52:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-07T10:52:39Z", "ms": 2485680759003.1978 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-07T16:12:40+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-07T13:12:40Z", "ms": 2485689159787.4834 } }, "covered_min": 140, "window_min": 140, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 22:27 on Tue 6 Oct to 20:45 on Wed 7 Oct.", "fact": "2048-10-06T19:27:25Z → 2048-10-07T17:45:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aparāhṇa is 10th to 12th of 15 day muhūrtas: 13:53–16:13 on the 6th, 13:53–16:13 on the 7th.", "fact": "aparahna: day-muhurta-10-12 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during aparāhṇa. It covers 0 of 140 minutes on the 6th and 140 of 140 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16359 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 7 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalaya-amavasya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Mahalaya amavasya (aparahnavyapini)" } ], "not_evaluated": "The note on p. 106 gives the first day in a decreasing tithimāna and the second in an increasing one, when amāvāsyā covers the whole of aparāhṇa on both days; tithimāna is not computed.", "kaala": "aparahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mahālaya Amāvāsyā 2048 falls on Wednesday 7 October. Amāvasyā runs from 22:27 on Tue 6 Oct to 20:45 on Wed 7 Oct and covers all of aparāhṇa that afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/mahalaya-amavasya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/navaratra-arambha", "festival": "navaratra-arambha", "name": "Navarātrārambha", "everyday": "Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-10-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19955, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2048-10-07T20:45:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-07T17:45:19Z", "ms": 2485705518726.77 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-08T18:38:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-08T15:38:56Z", "ms": 2485784336471.0854 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-10-07T20:45:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-07T17:45:19Z", "ms": 2485705518726.77 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-08T18:38:56+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-08T15:38:56Z", "ms": 2485784336471.0854 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-07T12:18:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-07T09:18:39Z", "ms": 2485675118611.0547 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-07T13:06:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-07T10:06:39Z", "ms": 2485677998611.0547 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-08T12:18:22+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-08T09:18:22Z", "ms": 2485761501956.4854 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-08T13:06:22+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-08T10:06:22Z", "ms": 2485764381956.4854 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 20:45 on Wed 7 Oct to 18:39 on Thu 8 Oct.", "fact": "2048-10-07T17:45:19Z → 2048-10-08T15:38:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:19–13:07 on the 7th, 12:18–13:06 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19955 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha, Giza, 2048: Thursday 8 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Navarātrārambha (Navratri) 2048 falls on Thursday 8 October. Pratipadā runs from 20:45 on Wed 7 Oct to 18:39 on Thu 8 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/navaratra-arambha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-10-11", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-10-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2416, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-10-10T13:46:06+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-10T10:46:06Z", "ms": 2485939566357.6216 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-11T11:14:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-11T08:14:16Z", "ms": 2486016855604.3433 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-10-10T13:46:06+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-10T10:46:06Z", "ms": 2485939566357.6216 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-11T11:14:16+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-11T08:14:16Z", "ms": 2486016855604.3433 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-10T12:17:50+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-10T09:17:50Z", "ms": 2485934269995.132 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-10T13:05:50+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-10T10:05:50Z", "ms": 2485937149995.132 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-11T12:17:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-11T09:17:35Z", "ms": 2486020654717.4585 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-11T13:05:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-11T10:05:35Z", "ms": 2486023534717.4585 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:46 on Sat 10 Oct to 11:14 on Sun 11 Oct.", "fact": "2048-10-10T10:46:06Z → 2048-10-11T08:14:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:18–13:06 on the 10th, 12:18–13:06 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: unstated → second-day · margin 2416 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 11 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2048 falls on Sunday 11 October. Caturthī runs from 13:46 on Sat 10 Oct to 11:14 on Sun 11 Oct, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-10-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/durga-saptami", "festival": "durga-saptami", "name": "Durgā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-10-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1739, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2048-10-13T06:27:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-13T03:27:21Z", "ms": 2486172441341.8096 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-14T04:19:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-14T01:19:21Z", "ms": 2486251161398.5347 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-10-13T06:27:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-13T03:27:21Z", "ms": 2486172441341.8096 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-14T04:19:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-14T01:19:21Z", "ms": 2486251161398.5347 } }, "kaala": "udaya-1", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-10-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-13T06:56:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-13T03:56:21Z", "ms": 2486174180591.123 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-13T07:42:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-13T04:42:19Z", "ms": 2486176938598.0244 } }, "covered_min": 46, "window_min": 46, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-14T06:56:59+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-14T03:56:59Z", "ms": 2486260619109.3135 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-14T07:42:50+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-14T04:42:50Z", "ms": 2486263370145.123 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 46, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 06:27 on Tue 13 Oct to 04:19 on Wed 14 Oct.", "fact": "2048-10-13T03:27:21Z → 2048-10-14T01:19:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first muhūrta after sunrise is 1st of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:56–07:42 on the 13th, 06:57–07:43 on the 14th.", "fact": "udaya-1: day-muhurta-1-1 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must hold through the first muhūrta after sunrise. It covers 46 of 46 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 46 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1739 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Saptamī, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 13 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Durga saptami (paraviddha) — covering one muhurta from sunrise" } ], "kaala": "udaya-1", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Durgā Saptamī 2048 falls on Tuesday 13 October. Saptamī runs from 06:27 on Tue 13 Oct to 04:19 on Wed 14 Oct and covers all of the first muhūrta after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/durga-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/mahashtami", "festival": "mahashtami", "name": "Mahāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Durga Ashtami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-10-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28650, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2048-10-14T04:19:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-14T01:19:21Z", "ms": 2486251161398.5347 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-15T02:24:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-14T23:24:30Z", "ms": 2486330669780.3867 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-10-14T04:19:21+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-14T01:19:21Z", "ms": 2486251161398.5347 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-15T02:24:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-14T23:24:30Z", "ms": 2486330669780.3867 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-14T12:16:52+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-14T09:16:52Z", "ms": 2486279811877.8857 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-14T13:04:52+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-14T10:04:52Z", "ms": 2486282691877.8857 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-15T12:16:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-15T09:16:39Z", "ms": 2486366198650.467 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-15T13:04:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-15T10:04:39Z", "ms": 2486369078650.467 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 04:19 on Wed 14 Oct to 02:24 on Thu 15 Oct.", "fact": "2048-10-14T01:19:21Z → 2048-10-14T23:24:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:17–13:05 on the 14th, 12:17–13:05 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28650 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāṣṭamī, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 14 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 2048 falls on Wednesday 14 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 04:19 on Wed 14 Oct to 02:24 on Thu 15 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/mahashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/mahanavami", "festival": "mahanavami", "name": "Mahānavamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-10-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35529, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2048-10-15T02:24:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-14T23:24:30Z", "ms": 2486330669780.3867 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-16T00:44:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-15T21:44:04Z", "ms": 2486411043839.9707 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-10-15T02:24:30+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-14T23:24:30Z", "ms": 2486330669780.3867 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-16T00:44:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-15T21:44:04Z", "ms": 2486411043839.9707 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-15T12:16:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-15T09:16:39Z", "ms": 2486366198650.467 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-15T13:04:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-15T10:04:39Z", "ms": 2486369078650.467 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-10-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-16T12:16:26+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-16T09:16:26Z", "ms": 2486452585978.7373 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-16T13:04:26+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-16T10:04:26Z", "ms": 2486455465978.7373 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 02:24 on Thu 15 Oct to 00:44 on Fri 16 Oct.", "fact": "2048-10-14T23:24:30Z → 2048-10-15T21:44:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:17–13:05 on the 15th, 12:16–13:04 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 35529 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahānavamī, Giza, 2048: Thursday 15 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahanavami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Mahanavami (purvaviddha) (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha covering one muhurta from sunrise)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mahānavamī 2048 falls on Thursday 15 October. Navamī runs from 02:24 on Thu 15 Oct to 00:44 on Fri 16 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/mahanavami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vijaya-dashami", "festival": "vijaya-dashami", "name": "Vijayā Daśamī", "everyday": "Dussehra", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-10-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19315, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 9, "key": "dashami", "name": "Daśamī", "start": { "local": "2048-10-16T00:44:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-15T21:44:04Z", "ms": 2486411043839.9707 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-16T23:19:15+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-16T20:19:15Z", "ms": 2486492355216.2305 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "conjunction", "start": { "local": "2048-10-16T00:44:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-15T21:44:04Z", "ms": 2486411043839.9707 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-16T12:20:13+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-16T09:20:13Z", "ms": 2486452812694.085 }, "nakshatra": { "type": "nakshatra", "index": 21, "key": "shravana", "name": "Śravaṇa", "start": { "local": "2048-10-15T13:10:42+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-15T10:10:42Z", "ms": 2486369441980.4946 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-16T12:20:13+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-16T09:20:13Z", "ms": 2486452812694.085 } } }, "kaala": "daytime", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-15T06:57:38+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-15T03:57:38Z", "ms": 2486347057982.3516 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-15T18:23:39+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-15T15:23:39Z", "ms": 2486388219318.5825 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 686, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-10-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-16T06:58:17+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-16T03:58:17Z", "ms": 2486433497217.0596 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-16T18:22:35+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-16T15:22:35Z", "ms": 2486474554740.415 } }, "covered_min": 322, "window_min": 684, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Daśamī runs from 00:44 on Fri 16 Oct to 23:19 on Fri 16 Oct, and Śravaṇa from 13:11 on Thu 15 Oct to 12:20 on Fri 16 Oct. They are together from 00:44 on Fri 16 Oct to 12:20 on Fri 16 Oct.", "fact": "2048-10-15T21:44:04Z → 2048-10-16T09:20:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day time is sunrise to sunset: 06:58–18:24 on the 15th, 06:58–18:23 on the 16th.", "fact": "daytime: sunrise-to-sunset · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Where Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time, that day is taken. Together they cover 0 of 686 minutes on the 15th and 322 of 684 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19315 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Daśamī, Giza, 2048: Friday 16 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vijaya-dashami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 10 Vijaya dasami (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha, covering one muhurta from sunrise. In other places, if it touches Sravana naksatra in the day time it is observed on that day), Sarasvati visarjana (to be observed in naksatra Sravana), Dasahara." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day", "conjunction": { "nakshatra": "Śravaṇa", "kaala": "daytime" } }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vijayā Daśamī (Dussehra) 2048 falls on Friday 16 October. Daśamī runs from 00:44 on Fri 16 Oct to 23:19 on Fri 16 Oct and is with Śravaṇa in the day time that day, for 322 minutes.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vijaya-dashami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-10-17", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-10-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27582, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-10-16T23:19:15+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-16T20:19:15Z", "ms": 2486492355216.2305 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-17T22:11:36+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-17T19:11:36Z", "ms": 2486574696497.423 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-10-16T23:19:15+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-16T20:19:15Z", "ms": 2486492355216.2305 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-17T22:11:36+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-17T19:11:36Z", "ms": 2486574696497.423 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-10-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-17T06:58:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-17T03:58:57Z", "ms": 2486519936821.0366 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-17T06:58:57+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-17T03:58:57Z", "ms": 2486519936821.0366 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-18T06:59:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-18T03:59:37Z", "ms": 2486606376802.417 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-18T06:59:37+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-18T03:59:37Z", "ms": 2486606376802.417 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 23:19 on Fri 16 Oct to 22:12 on Sat 17 Oct.", "fact": "2048-10-16T20:19:15Z → 2048-10-17T19:11:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:59 on the 17th and 07:00 on the 18th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 17th and is not on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27582 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Saturday 17 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Saturday 17 October. Ekādaśī runs from 23:19 on Fri 16 Oct to 22:12 on Sat 17 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-10-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-10-19", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-10-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3376, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-10-18T21:23:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-18T18:23:19Z", "ms": 2486658198576.847 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-19T20:57:14+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-19T17:57:14Z", "ms": 2486743033844.122 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-10-18T21:23:19+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-18T18:23:19Z", "ms": 2486658198576.847 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-19T20:57:14+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-19T17:57:14Z", "ms": 2486743033844.122 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-18T18:20:28+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-18T15:20:28Z", "ms": 2486647227953.9976 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-18T20:01:47+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-18T17:01:47Z", "ms": 2486653306516.073 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-19T18:19:26+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-19T15:19:26Z", "ms": 2486733565807.364 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-19T20:00:58+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-19T17:00:58Z", "ms": 2486739658090.4775 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 21:23 on Sun 18 Oct to 20:57 on Mon 19 Oct.", "fact": "2048-10-18T18:23:19Z → 2048-10-19T17:57:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:20–20:02 on the 18th, 18:19–20:01 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 101 minutes on the 18th and 102 of 102 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3376 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Monday 19 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Monday 19 October. Trayodaśī runs from 21:23 on Sun 18 Oct to 20:57 on Mon 19 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-10-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/karaka-chaturthi", "festival": "karaka-chaturthi", "name": "Karaka Caturthī", "everyday": "Karwa Chauth", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-10-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21519, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-10-25T01:57:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-24T22:57:53Z", "ms": 2487193072641.598 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-26T04:23:24+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-26T01:23:24Z", "ms": 2487288204225.052 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-10-25T01:57:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-24T22:57:53Z", "ms": 2487193072641.598 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-26T04:23:24+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-26T01:23:24Z", "ms": 2487288204225.052 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-24T19:59:13+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-24T16:59:13Z", "ms": 2487171553287.026 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-24T19:59:13+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-24T16:59:13Z", "ms": 2487171553287.026 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-25T20:47:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-25T17:47:04Z", "ms": 2487260823997.7295 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-25T20:47:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-25T17:47:04Z", "ms": 2487260823997.7295 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:58 on Sun 25 Oct to 04:23 on Mon 26 Oct.", "fact": "2048-10-24T22:57:53Z → 2048-10-26T01:23:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:59 on the 24th and 20:47 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 21519 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Karaka Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 25 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "karaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Karaka caturthi (current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Karaka Caturthī (Karwa Chauth) 2048 falls on Sunday 25 October. Caturthī runs from 01:58 on Sun 25 Oct to 04:23 on Mon 26 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/karaka-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-10-25", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-10-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21519, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-10-25T01:57:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-24T22:57:53Z", "ms": 2487193072641.598 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-26T04:23:24+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-26T01:23:24Z", "ms": 2487288204225.052 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-10-25T01:57:53+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-24T22:57:53Z", "ms": 2487193072641.598 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-26T04:23:24+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-26T01:23:24Z", "ms": 2487288204225.052 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-24T19:59:13+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-24T16:59:13Z", "ms": 2487171553287.026 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-24T19:59:13+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-24T16:59:13Z", "ms": 2487171553287.026 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-25T20:47:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-25T17:47:04Z", "ms": 2487260823997.7295 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-25T20:47:04+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-25T17:47:04Z", "ms": 2487260823997.7295 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:58 on Sun 25 Oct to 04:23 on Mon 26 Oct.", "fact": "2048-10-24T22:57:53Z → 2048-10-26T01:23:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:59 on the 24th and 20:47 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21519 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Sunday 25 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2048 falls on Sunday 25 October. Caturthī runs from 01:58 on Sun 25 Oct to 04:23 on Mon 26 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-10-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ahoyi-ashtami", "festival": "ahoyi-ashtami", "name": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-10-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39855, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2048-10-29T12:10:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-29T09:10:54Z", "ms": 2487575453931.7524 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-30T13:09:34+02:00", "utc": "2048-10-30T11:09:34Z", "ms": 2487668973744.348 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-10-29T12:10:54+03:00", "utc": "2048-10-29T09:10:54Z", "ms": 2487575453931.7524 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-30T13:09:34+02:00", "utc": "2048-10-30T11:09:34Z", "ms": 2487668973744.348 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-29T23:18:39+02:00", "utc": "2048-10-29T21:18:39Z", "ms": 2487619118745.7573 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-29T23:18:39+02:00", "utc": "2048-10-29T21:18:39Z", "ms": 2487619118745.7573 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-10-31T00:13:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-10-30T22:13:49Z", "ms": 2487708829132.2456 }, "end": { "local": "2048-10-31T00:13:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-10-30T22:13:49Z", "ms": 2487708829132.2456 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 12:11 on Thu 29 Oct to 13:10 on Fri 30 Oct.", "fact": "2048-10-29T09:10:54Z → 2048-10-30T11:09:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:19 on the 29th and 00:14 on the 30th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 29th and is not on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 39855 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī, Giza, 2048: Thursday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ahoyi-ashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Ahoyi astami (Gujerat) (current at moonrise), Karastami (Maharashtra). If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Ahoyī Aṣṭamī 2048 falls on Thursday 29 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 12:11 on Thu 29 Oct to 13:10 on Fri 30 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ahoyi-ashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-11-02", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ramā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30692, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-11-01T14:59:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-01T12:59:56Z", "ms": 2487848396135.3813 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-02T14:41:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-02T12:41:57Z", "ms": 2487933717416.9536 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-01T14:59:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-01T12:59:56Z", "ms": 2487848396135.3813 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-02T14:41:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-02T12:41:57Z", "ms": 2487933717416.9536 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-01T06:09:39+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-01T04:09:39Z", "ms": 2487816579441.495 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-01T06:09:39+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-01T04:09:39Z", "ms": 2487816579441.495 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-02T06:10:26+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-02T04:10:26Z", "ms": 2487903025575.1143 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-02T06:10:26+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-02T04:10:26Z", "ms": 2487903025575.1143 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:00 on Sun 1 Nov to 14:42 on Mon 2 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-01T12:59:56Z → 2048-11-02T12:41:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:10 on the 1st and 06:10 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 1st and is on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30692 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ramā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Monday 2 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Ramā Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Monday 2 November. Ekādaśī runs from 15:00 on Sun 1 Nov to 14:42 on Mon 2 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-11-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/govatsa-dvadashi", "festival": "govatsa-dvadashi", "name": "Govatsa Dvādaśī", "everyday": "Vasu Baras", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8684, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 26, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-11-02T14:41:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-02T12:41:57Z", "ms": 2487933717416.9536 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-03T13:36:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-03T11:36:23Z", "ms": 2488016182762.4224 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-02T14:41:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-02T12:41:57Z", "ms": 2487933717416.9536 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-03T13:36:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-03T11:36:23Z", "ms": 2488016182762.4224 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-02T17:06:42+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-02T15:06:42Z", "ms": 2487942401526.3203 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-02T18:51:18+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-02T16:51:18Z", "ms": 2487948677601.275 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-03T17:05:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-03T15:05:56Z", "ms": 2488028755684.105 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-03T18:50:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-03T16:50:44Z", "ms": 2488035044121.9395 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 14:42 on Mon 2 Nov to 13:36 on Tue 3 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-02T12:41:57Z → 2048-11-03T11:36:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:07–18:51 on the 2nd, 17:06–18:51 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 105 of 105 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 105 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 8684 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govatsa Dvādaśī, Giza, 2048: Monday 2 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govatsa-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 12 Govatsa dvadasi (pradosa vyapini). If occurs on two days, it is to be observed on the first day." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vasu Baras) 2048 falls on Monday 2 November. Dvādaśī runs from 14:42 on Mon 2 Nov to 13:36 on Tue 3 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/govatsa-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/yama-dipadana", "festival": "yama-dipadana", "name": "Yama Dīpadāna", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12573, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-11-03T13:36:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-03T11:36:23Z", "ms": 2488016182762.4224 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-04T11:48:36+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T09:48:36Z", "ms": 2488096116177.366 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-03T13:36:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-03T11:36:23Z", "ms": 2488016182762.4224 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-04T11:48:36+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T09:48:36Z", "ms": 2488096116177.366 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-03T17:05:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-03T15:05:56Z", "ms": 2488028755684.105 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-03T18:50:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-03T16:50:44Z", "ms": 2488035044121.9395 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-04T17:05:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T15:05:11Z", "ms": 2488115111153.248 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-04T18:50:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T16:50:12Z", "ms": 2488121411825.79 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:36 on Tue 3 Nov to 11:49 on Wed 4 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-03T11:36:23Z → 2048-11-04T09:48:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:06–18:51 on the 3rd, 17:05–18:50 on the 4th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 105 of 105 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 105 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12573 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dīpadāna, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dipadana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 13 Yama dipadana (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Yama Dīpadāna 2048 falls on Tuesday 3 November. Trayodaśī runs from 13:36 on Tue 3 Nov to 11:49 on Wed 4 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/yama-dipadana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-11-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12573, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-11-03T13:36:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-03T11:36:23Z", "ms": 2488016182762.4224 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-04T11:48:36+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T09:48:36Z", "ms": 2488096116177.366 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-03T13:36:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-03T11:36:23Z", "ms": 2488016182762.4224 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-04T11:48:36+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T09:48:36Z", "ms": 2488096116177.366 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-03T17:05:56+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-03T15:05:56Z", "ms": 2488028755684.105 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-03T18:50:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-03T16:50:44Z", "ms": 2488035044121.9395 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-04T17:05:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T15:05:11Z", "ms": 2488115111153.248 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-04T18:50:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T16:50:12Z", "ms": 2488121411825.79 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:36 on Tue 3 Nov to 11:49 on Wed 4 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-03T11:36:23Z → 2048-11-04T09:48:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:06–18:51 on the 3rd, 17:05–18:50 on the 4th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 105 of 105 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 105 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12573 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Tuesday 3 November. Trayodaśī runs from 13:36 on Tue 3 Nov to 11:49 on Wed 4 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-11-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-11-04", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33800, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-11-04T11:48:36+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T09:48:36Z", "ms": 2488096116177.366 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-05T09:26:19+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-05T07:26:19Z", "ms": 2488173978639.3945 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-04T11:48:36+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T09:48:36Z", "ms": 2488096116177.366 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-05T09:26:19+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-05T07:26:19Z", "ms": 2488173978639.3945 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-03T23:14:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-03T21:14:57Z", "ms": 2488050897325.9844 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-04T00:02:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-03T22:02:57Z", "ms": 2488053777325.9844 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-04T23:14:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T21:14:59Z", "ms": 2488137298675.2803 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-05T00:02:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T22:02:59Z", "ms": 2488140178675.2803 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 11:49 on Wed 4 Nov to 09:26 on Thu 5 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-04T09:48:36Z → 2048-11-05T07:26:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:15–00:03 on the 3rd, 23:15–00:03 on the 4th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33800 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 4 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2048 falls on Wednesday 4 November. Caturdaśī runs from 11:49 on Wed 4 Nov to 09:26 on Thu 5 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-11-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/naraka-chaturdashi", "festival": "naraka-chaturdashi", "name": "Naraka Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Choti Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11612, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-11-04T11:48:36+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T09:48:36Z", "ms": 2488096116177.366 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-05T09:26:19+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-05T07:26:19Z", "ms": 2488173978639.3945 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-04T11:48:36+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T09:48:36Z", "ms": 2488096116177.366 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-05T09:26:19+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-05T07:26:19Z", "ms": 2488173978639.3945 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-04T04:27:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T02:27:11Z", "ms": 2488069630530.029 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-04T06:11:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T04:11:59Z", "ms": 2488075918967.8633 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-05T04:27:46+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-05T02:27:46Z", "ms": 2488156065524.771 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-05T06:12:46+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-05T04:12:46Z", "ms": 2488162366197.313 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 11:49 on Wed 4 Nov to 09:26 on Thu 5 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-04T09:48:36Z → 2048-11-05T07:26:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 04:27–06:12 on the 4th, 04:28–06:13 on the 5th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 105 minutes on the 4th and 105 of 105 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 11612 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Naraka Caturdaśī, Giza, 2048: Thursday 5 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naraka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Naraka caturdasi (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Naraka Caturdaśī (Choti Diwali) 2048 falls on Thursday 5 November. Caturdaśī runs from 11:49 on Wed 4 Nov to 09:26 on Thu 5 Nov and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/naraka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "festival": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "name": "Lakṣmī Pūjā", "everyday": "Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27489, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2048-11-05T09:26:19+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-05T07:26:19Z", "ms": 2488173978639.3945 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-06T06:38:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T04:38:27Z", "ms": 2488250307051.612 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-05T09:26:19+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-05T07:26:19Z", "ms": 2488173978639.3945 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-06T06:38:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T04:38:27Z", "ms": 2488250307051.612 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-05T17:04:28+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-05T15:04:28Z", "ms": 2488201467956.054 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-05T18:49:41+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-05T16:49:41Z", "ms": 2488207780729.7275 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-06T17:03:46+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T15:03:46Z", "ms": 2488287826113.3467 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-06T18:49:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T16:49:11Z", "ms": 2488294150849.0796 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 09:26 on Thu 5 Nov to 06:38 on Fri 6 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-05T07:26:19Z → 2048-11-06T04:38:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:04–18:50 on the 5th, 17:04–18:49 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 105 of 105 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 105 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27489 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pūjā, Giza, 2048: Thursday 5 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali) 2048 falls on Thursday 5 November. Amāvasyā runs from 09:26 on Thu 5 Nov to 06:38 on Fri 6 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/kali-puja", "festival": "kali-puja", "name": "Kālī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23726, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2048-11-05T09:26:19+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-05T07:26:19Z", "ms": 2488173978639.3945 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-06T06:38:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T04:38:27Z", "ms": 2488250307051.612 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-05T09:26:19+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-05T07:26:19Z", "ms": 2488173978639.3945 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-06T06:38:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T04:38:27Z", "ms": 2488250307051.612 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-04T23:14:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T21:14:59Z", "ms": 2488137298675.2803 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-05T00:02:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-04T22:02:59Z", "ms": 2488140178675.2803 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-05T23:15:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-05T21:15:01Z", "ms": 2488223700857.329 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-06T00:03:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-05T22:03:01Z", "ms": 2488226580857.329 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 09:26 on Thu 5 Nov to 06:38 on Fri 6 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-05T07:26:19Z → 2048-11-06T04:38:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:15–00:03 on the 4th, 23:15–00:03 on the 5th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23726 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kālī Pūjā, Giza, 2048: Thursday 5 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kālī Pūjā 2048 falls on Thursday 5 November. Amāvasyā runs from 09:26 on Thu 5 Nov to 06:38 on Fri 6 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/kali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/govardhana-puja", "festival": "govardhana-puja", "name": "Govardhana Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16573, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2048-11-06T06:38:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T04:38:27Z", "ms": 2488250307051.612 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-07T03:34:26+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-07T01:34:26Z", "ms": 2488325666111.252 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-06T06:38:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T04:38:27Z", "ms": 2488250307051.612 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-07T03:34:26+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-07T01:34:26Z", "ms": 2488325666111.252 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-06T11:14:40+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T09:14:40Z", "ms": 2488266879935.9756 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-06T12:02:40+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T10:02:40Z", "ms": 2488269759935.9756 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-07T11:14:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-07T09:14:44Z", "ms": 2488353283638.084 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-07T12:02:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-07T10:02:44Z", "ms": 2488356163638.084 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 06:38 on Fri 6 Nov to 03:34 on Sat 7 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-06T04:38:27Z → 2048-11-07T01:34:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:15–12:03 on the 6th, 11:15–12:03 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 16573 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govardhana Pūjā, Giza, 2048: Friday 6 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govardhana-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Govardhana Pūjā 2048 falls on Friday 6 November. Pratipadā runs from 06:38 on Fri 6 Nov to 03:34 on Sat 7 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/govardhana-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/bali-puja", "festival": "bali-puja", "name": "Bali Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31515, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2048-11-06T06:38:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T04:38:27Z", "ms": 2488250307051.612 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-07T03:34:26+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-07T01:34:26Z", "ms": 2488325666111.252 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-06T06:38:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T04:38:27Z", "ms": 2488250307051.612 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-07T03:34:26+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-07T01:34:26Z", "ms": 2488325666111.252 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-05T17:04:28+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-05T15:04:28Z", "ms": 2488201467956.054 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-05T18:49:41+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-05T16:49:41Z", "ms": 2488207780729.7275 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-06T17:03:46+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T15:03:46Z", "ms": 2488287826113.3467 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-06T18:49:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T16:49:11Z", "ms": 2488294150849.0796 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 06:38 on Fri 6 Nov to 03:34 on Sat 7 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-06T04:38:27Z → 2048-11-07T01:34:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:04–18:50 on the 5th, 17:04–18:49 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 105 minutes on the 5th and 105 of 105 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31515 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bali Pūjā, Giza, 2048: Friday 6 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Bali Pūjā 2048 falls on Friday 6 November. Pratipadā runs from 06:38 on Fri 6 Nov to 03:34 on Sat 7 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/bali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/dyuta-pratipad", "festival": "dyuta-pratipad", "name": "Dyūta Pratipad", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1493, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2048-11-06T06:38:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T04:38:27Z", "ms": 2488250307051.612 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-07T03:34:26+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-07T01:34:26Z", "ms": 2488325666111.252 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-06T06:38:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T04:38:27Z", "ms": 2488250307051.612 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-07T03:34:26+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-07T01:34:26Z", "ms": 2488325666111.252 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-06T06:13:34+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T04:13:34Z", "ms": 2488248813758.6045 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-06T09:50:18+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-06T07:50:18Z", "ms": 2488261817876.852 } }, "covered_min": 192, "window_min": 217, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-07T06:14:22+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-07T04:14:22Z", "ms": 2488335261631.3438 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-07T09:50:36+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-07T07:50:36Z", "ms": 2488348236302.504 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 216, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 06:38 on Fri 6 Nov to 03:34 on Sat 7 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-06T04:38:27Z → 2048-11-07T01:34:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:14–09:50 on the 6th, 06:14–09:51 on the 7th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 192 of 217 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 216 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1493 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dyūta Pratipad, Giza, 2048: Friday 6 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dyuta-pratipad", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Dyūta Pratipad 2048 falls on Friday 6 November. Pratipadā runs from 06:38 on Fri 6 Nov to 03:34 on Sat 7 Nov and covers 192 of 217 minutes of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/dyuta-pratipad", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/yama-dvitiya", "festival": "yama-dvitiya", "name": "Yama Dvitīyā", "everyday": "Bhai Dooj", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27618, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2048-11-07T03:34:26+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-07T01:34:26Z", "ms": 2488325666111.252 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-08T00:23:33+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-07T22:23:33Z", "ms": 2488400612824.364 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-07T03:34:26+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-07T01:34:26Z", "ms": 2488325666111.252 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-08T00:23:33+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-07T22:23:33Z", "ms": 2488400612824.364 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-07T11:14:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-07T09:14:44Z", "ms": 2488353283638.084 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-07T12:02:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-07T10:02:44Z", "ms": 2488356163638.084 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-08T11:14:48+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-08T09:14:48Z", "ms": 2488439688181.4487 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-08T12:02:48+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-08T10:02:48Z", "ms": 2488442568181.4487 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 03:34 on Sat 7 Nov to 00:24 on Sun 8 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-07T01:34:26Z → 2048-11-07T22:23:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:15–12:03 on the 7th, 11:15–12:03 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 27618 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dvitīyā, Giza, 2048: Saturday 7 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dvitiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Bhratrdvitiya, Yamadvitiya (madhyahna, purvaviddha), Masyadhara (Dwat) puja (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Yama Dvitīyā (Bhai Dooj) 2048 falls on Saturday 7 November. Dvitīyā runs from 03:34 on Sat 7 Nov to 00:24 on Sun 8 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/yama-dvitiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/naga-chaturthi", "festival": "naga-chaturthi", "name": "Nāga Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22337, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-11-08T21:14:31+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-08T19:14:31Z", "ms": 2488475670724.1655 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-09T18:15:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-09T16:15:11Z", "ms": 2488551310642.2075 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-08T21:14:31+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-08T19:14:31Z", "ms": 2488475670724.1655 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-09T18:15:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-09T16:15:11Z", "ms": 2488551310642.2075 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-08T11:14:48+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-08T09:14:48Z", "ms": 2488439688181.4487 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-08T12:02:48+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-08T10:02:48Z", "ms": 2488442568181.4487 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-09T11:14:54+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-09T09:14:54Z", "ms": 2488526093563.8535 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-09T12:02:54+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-09T10:02:54Z", "ms": 2488528973563.8535 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:15 on Sun 8 Nov to 18:15 on Mon 9 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-08T19:14:31Z → 2048-11-09T16:15:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:15–12:03 on the 8th, 11:15–12:03 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22337 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Monday 9 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Naga caturthi (paraviddha and madhyahnavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Nāga Caturthī 2048 falls on Monday 9 November. Caturthī runs from 21:15 on Sun 8 Nov to 18:15 on Mon 9 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/naga-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-11-09", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22337, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-11-08T21:14:31+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-08T19:14:31Z", "ms": 2488475670724.1655 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-09T18:15:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-09T16:15:11Z", "ms": 2488551310642.2075 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-08T21:14:31+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-08T19:14:31Z", "ms": 2488475670724.1655 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-09T18:15:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-09T16:15:11Z", "ms": 2488551310642.2075 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-08T11:14:48+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-08T09:14:48Z", "ms": 2488439688181.4487 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-08T12:02:48+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-08T10:02:48Z", "ms": 2488442568181.4487 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-09T11:14:54+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-09T09:14:54Z", "ms": 2488526093563.8535 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-09T12:02:54+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-09T10:02:54Z", "ms": 2488528973563.8535 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:15 on Sun 8 Nov to 18:15 on Mon 9 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-08T19:14:31Z → 2048-11-09T16:15:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:15–12:03 on the 8th, 11:15–12:03 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22337 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Monday 9 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2048 falls on Monday 9 November. Caturthī runs from 21:15 on Sun 8 Nov to 18:15 on Mon 9 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-11-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/surya-shashthi", "festival": "surya-shashthi", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī", "everyday": "Chhath", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4085, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2048-11-10T15:32:16+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-10T13:32:16Z", "ms": 2488627935960.9536 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-11T13:11:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-11T11:11:12Z", "ms": 2488705871818.7515 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-10T15:32:16+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-10T13:32:16Z", "ms": 2488627935960.9536 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-11T13:11:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-11T11:11:12Z", "ms": 2488705871818.7515 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-10T11:15:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-10T09:15:00Z", "ms": 2488612499782.962 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-10T12:03:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-10T10:03:00Z", "ms": 2488615379782.962 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-11T11:15:07+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-11T09:15:07Z", "ms": 2488698906836.6914 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-11T12:03:07+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-11T10:03:07Z", "ms": 2488701786836.6914 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 15:32 on Tue 10 Nov to 13:11 on Wed 11 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-10T13:32:16Z → 2048-11-11T11:11:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:15–12:03 on the 10th, 11:15–12:03 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4085 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 11 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Nadi sasthi, Skanda sasthi (Madras), Surya sasthi, Chhat (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Chhath) 2048 falls on Wednesday 11 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 15:32 on Tue 10 Nov to 13:11 on Wed 11 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/surya-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/gopashtami", "festival": "gopashtami", "name": "Gopāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-12", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 44, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2048-11-12T11:15:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-12T09:15:59Z", "ms": 2488785359141.2886 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-13T09:49:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-13T07:49:15Z", "ms": 2488866555084.754 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-12T11:15:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-12T09:15:59Z", "ms": 2488785359141.2886 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-13T09:49:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-13T07:49:15Z", "ms": 2488866555084.754 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-12T11:15:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-12T09:15:15Z", "ms": 2488785314723.368 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-12T12:03:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-12T10:03:15Z", "ms": 2488788194723.368 } }, "covered_min": 47, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-13T11:15:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-13T09:15:23Z", "ms": 2488871723441.6777 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-13T12:03:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-13T10:03:23Z", "ms": 2488874603441.6777 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 11:16 on Thu 12 Nov to 09:49 on Fri 13 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-12T09:15:59Z → 2048-11-13T07:49:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:15–12:03 on the 12th, 11:15–12:03 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 47 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 44 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gopāṣṭamī, Giza, 2048: Thursday 12 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gopashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-12", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Gopāṣṭamī 2048 falls on Thursday 12 November. Aṣṭamī runs from 11:16 on Thu 12 Nov to 09:49 on Fri 13 Nov and covers 47 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It is 0 min 44 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/gopashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/durga-navami", "festival": "durga-navami", "name": "Durgā Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5168, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2048-11-13T09:49:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-13T07:49:15Z", "ms": 2488866555084.754 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-14T08:52:21+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-14T06:52:21Z", "ms": 2488949541022.1772 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-13T09:49:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-13T07:49:15Z", "ms": 2488866555084.754 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-14T08:52:21+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-14T06:52:21Z", "ms": 2488949541022.1772 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-13T11:15:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-13T09:15:23Z", "ms": 2488871723441.6777 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-13T12:03:23+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-13T10:03:23Z", "ms": 2488874603441.6777 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-14T11:15:33+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-14T09:15:33Z", "ms": 2488958132990.4814 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-14T12:03:33+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-14T10:03:33Z", "ms": 2488961012990.4814 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 09:49 on Fri 13 Nov to 08:52 on Sat 14 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-13T07:49:15Z → 2048-11-14T06:52:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:15–12:03 on the 13th, 11:16–12:04 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 5168 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Navamī, Giza, 2048: Friday 13 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Durgā Navamī 2048 falls on Friday 13 November. Navamī runs from 09:49 on Fri 13 Nov to 08:52 on Sat 14 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/durga-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/akshaya-navami", "festival": "akshaya-navami", "name": "Akṣaya Navamī", "everyday": "Amla Navami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-14", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin", "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 205, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2048-11-13T09:49:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-13T07:49:15Z", "ms": 2488866555084.754 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-14T08:52:21+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-14T06:52:21Z", "ms": 2488949541022.1772 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-13T09:49:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-13T07:49:15Z", "ms": 2488866555084.754 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-14T08:52:21+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-14T06:52:21Z", "ms": 2488949541022.1772 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-13T06:19:14+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-13T04:19:14Z", "ms": 2488853954106.442 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-13T09:52:40+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-13T07:52:40Z", "ms": 2488866760329.932 } }, "covered_min": 3, "window_min": 213, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-14T06:20:04+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-14T04:20:04Z", "ms": 2488940403503.3755 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-14T09:53:03+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-14T07:53:03Z", "ms": 2488953183161.4463 } }, "covered_min": 152, "window_min": 213, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 09:49 on Fri 13 Nov to 08:52 on Sat 14 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-13T07:49:15Z → 2048-11-14T06:52:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:19–09:53 on the 13th, 06:20–09:53 on the 14th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 3 of 213 minutes on the 13th and 152 of 213 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both forenoons qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 205 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Navamī, Giza, 2048: Saturday 14 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin, tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-14", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-14", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Akṣaya Navamī (Amla Navami) 2048 falls on Saturday 14 November. Navamī runs from 09:49 on Fri 13 Nov to 08:52 on Sat 14 Nov and covers 152 of 213 minutes of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon. It also reaches the previous forenoon for 3 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested. It is 3 min 25 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/akshaya-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-11-16", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7484, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-11-15T08:25:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-15T06:25:37Z", "ms": 2489034337469.248 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-16T08:28:43+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-16T06:28:43Z", "ms": 2489120922849.647 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-15T08:25:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-15T06:25:37Z", "ms": 2489034337469.248 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-16T08:28:43+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-16T06:28:43Z", "ms": 2489120922849.647 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-15T06:20:53+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-15T04:20:53Z", "ms": 2489026853024.184 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-15T06:20:53+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-15T04:20:53Z", "ms": 2489026853024.184 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-11-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-16T06:21:43+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-16T04:21:43Z", "ms": 2489113302645.5137 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-16T06:21:43+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-16T04:21:43Z", "ms": 2489113302645.5137 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:26 on Sun 15 Nov to 08:29 on Mon 16 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-15T06:25:37Z → 2048-11-16T06:28:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:21 on the 15th and 06:22 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 15th and is on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7484 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Monday 16 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Prabodhinī Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Monday 16 November. Ekādaśī runs from 08:26 on Sun 15 Nov to 08:29 on Mon 16 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-11-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-11-17", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24977, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-11-17T09:00:51+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-17T07:00:51Z", "ms": 2489209250832.0083 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-18T10:01:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-18T08:01:00Z", "ms": 2489299260236.686 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-17T09:00:51+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-17T07:00:51Z", "ms": 2489209250832.0083 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-18T10:01:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-18T08:01:00Z", "ms": 2489299260236.686 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-17T16:57:41+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-17T14:57:41Z", "ms": 2489237860869.1772 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-17T18:45:06+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-17T16:45:06Z", "ms": 2489244306365.729 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-11-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-18T16:57:17+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-18T14:57:17Z", "ms": 2489324236829.2803 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-18T18:44:52+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-18T16:44:52Z", "ms": 2489330692167.962 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 09:01 on Tue 17 Nov to 10:01 on Wed 18 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-17T07:00:51Z → 2048-11-18T08:01:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:58–18:45 on the 17th, 16:57–18:45 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 107 of 107 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 108 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24977 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 17 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Tuesday 17 November. Trayodaśī runs from 09:01 on Tue 17 Nov to 10:01 on Wed 18 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-11-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/rasayatra", "festival": "rasayatra", "name": "Rāsayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35856, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2048-11-19T11:27:53+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-19T09:27:53Z", "ms": 2489390872696.0264 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-20T13:19:36+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-20T11:19:36Z", "ms": 2489483976079.122 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-19T11:27:53+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-19T09:27:53Z", "ms": 2489390872696.0264 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-20T13:19:36+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-20T11:19:36Z", "ms": 2489483976079.122 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-19T23:16:58+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-19T21:16:58Z", "ms": 2489433418023.669 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-20T00:04:58+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-19T22:04:58Z", "ms": 2489436298023.669 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-11-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-20T23:17:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-20T21:17:12Z", "ms": 2489519832499.078 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-21T00:05:12+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-20T22:05:12Z", "ms": 2489522712499.078 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 11:28 on Thu 19 Nov to 13:20 on Fri 20 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-19T09:27:53Z → 2048-11-20T11:19:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:17–00:05 on the 19th, 23:17–00:05 on the 20th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35856 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāsayātrā, Giza, 2048: Thursday 19 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rasayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Rāsayātrā 2048 falls on Thursday 19 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 11:28 on Thu 19 Nov to 13:20 on Fri 20 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/rasayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/kartiki-purnima", "festival": "kartiki-purnima", "name": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-20", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 680, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2048-11-19T11:27:53+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-19T09:27:53Z", "ms": 2489390872696.0264 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-20T13:19:36+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-20T11:19:36Z", "ms": 2489483976079.122 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-19T11:27:53+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-19T09:27:53Z", "ms": 2489390872696.0264 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-20T13:19:36+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-20T11:19:36Z", "ms": 2489483976079.122 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-19T11:16:33+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-19T09:16:33Z", "ms": 2489390193135.953 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-19T12:04:33+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-19T10:04:33Z", "ms": 2489393073135.953 } }, "covered_min": 37, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-11-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-20T11:16:48+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-20T09:16:48Z", "ms": 2489476607625.7676 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-20T12:04:48+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-20T10:04:48Z", "ms": 2489479487625.7676 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 11:28 on Thu 19 Nov to 13:20 on Fri 20 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-19T09:27:53Z → 2048-11-20T11:19:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:17–12:05 on the 19th, 11:17–12:05 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 37 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 680 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā, Giza, 2048: Friday 20 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kartiki-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-20", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-20", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kārtikī Pūrṇimā 2048 falls on Friday 20 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 11:28 on Thu 19 Nov to 13:20 on Fri 20 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 37 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/kartiki-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-11-24", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-11-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4971, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-11-23T20:46:06+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-23T18:46:06Z", "ms": 2489769965574.703 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-24T23:29:38+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-24T21:29:38Z", "ms": 2489866177680.0537 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-11-23T20:46:06+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-23T18:46:06Z", "ms": 2489769965574.703 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-24T23:29:38+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-24T21:29:38Z", "ms": 2489866177680.0537 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-23T19:23:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-23T17:23:15Z", "ms": 2489764995054.1973 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-23T19:23:15+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-23T17:23:15Z", "ms": 2489764995054.1973 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-11-24T20:16:34+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-24T18:16:34Z", "ms": 2489854594356.1465 }, "end": { "local": "2048-11-24T20:16:34+02:00", "utc": "2048-11-24T18:16:34Z", "ms": 2489854594356.1465 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:46 on Mon 23 Nov to 23:30 on Tue 24 Nov.", "fact": "2048-11-23T18:46:06Z → 2048-11-24T21:29:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:23 on the 23rd and 20:17 on the 24th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 23rd and is on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4971 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 24 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2048 falls on Tuesday 24 November. Caturthī runs from 20:46 on Mon 23 Nov to 23:30 on Tue 24 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-11-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-12-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Utpannā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-12-01", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 133, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-12-01T06:31:47+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-01T04:31:47Z", "ms": 2490409907229.11 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-02T05:06:07+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-02T03:06:07Z", "ms": 2490491167458.5303 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-12-01T06:31:47+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-01T04:31:47Z", "ms": 2490409907229.11 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-02T05:06:07+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-02T03:06:07Z", "ms": 2490491167458.5303 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-01T06:34:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-01T04:34:00Z", "ms": 2490410040081.206 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-01T06:34:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-01T04:34:00Z", "ms": 2490410040081.206 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-02T06:34:47+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-02T04:34:47Z", "ms": 2490496487256.805 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-02T06:34:47+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-02T04:34:47Z", "ms": 2490496487256.805 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:32 on Tue 1 Dec to 05:06 on Wed 2 Dec.", "fact": "2048-12-01T04:31:47Z → 2048-12-02T03:06:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:34 on the 1st and 06:35 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 1st and is not on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 133 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Utpannā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 1 December.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-01", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Utpannā Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Tuesday 1 December. Ekādaśī runs from 06:32 on Tue 1 Dec to 05:06 on Wed 2 Dec and is current at sunrise that day. It is 2 min 13 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-12-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-12-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-12-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19699, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-12-03T02:57:20+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-03T00:57:20Z", "ms": 2490569839717.0767 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-04T00:12:30+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-03T22:12:30Z", "ms": 2490646350299.5283 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-12-03T02:57:20+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-03T00:57:20Z", "ms": 2490569839717.0767 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-04T00:12:30+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-03T22:12:30Z", "ms": 2490646350299.5283 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-02T16:54:36+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-02T14:54:36Z", "ms": 2490533676086.0713 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-02T18:44:04+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-02T16:44:04Z", "ms": 2490540243802.4487 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-12-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-03T16:54:38+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-03T14:54:38Z", "ms": 2490620077507.837 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-03T18:44:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-03T16:44:11Z", "ms": 2490626651192.304 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 02:57 on Thu 3 Dec to 00:13 on Fri 4 Dec.", "fact": "2048-12-03T00:57:20Z → 2048-12-03T22:12:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:55–18:44 on the 2nd, 16:55–18:44 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 109 minutes on the 2nd and 110 of 110 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19699 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Thursday 3 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Thursday 3 December. Trayodaśī runs from 02:57 on Thu 3 Dec to 00:13 on Fri 4 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-12-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-12-03", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-12-03", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin", "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 181, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-12-04T00:12:30+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-03T22:12:30Z", "ms": 2490646350299.5283 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-04T21:00:18+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-04T19:00:18Z", "ms": 2490721217566.6562 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-12-04T00:12:30+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-03T22:12:30Z", "ms": 2490646350299.5283 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-04T21:00:18+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-04T19:00:18Z", "ms": 2490721217566.6562 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-12-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-03T23:21:29+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-03T21:21:29Z", "ms": 2490643288824.59 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-04T00:09:29+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-03T22:09:29Z", "ms": 2490646168824.59 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-12-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-04T23:21:53+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-04T21:21:53Z", "ms": 2490729713202.4805 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-05T00:09:53+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-04T22:09:53Z", "ms": 2490732593202.4805 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 00:13 on Fri 4 Dec to 21:00 on Fri 4 Dec.", "fact": "2048-12-03T22:12:30Z → 2048-12-04T19:00:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:21–00:09 on the 3rd, 23:22–00:10 on the 4th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither night qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 181 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Giza, 2048: Thursday 3 December.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin, absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-03", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-03", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śivarātri 2048 falls on Thursday 3 December. Caturdaśī runs from 00:13 on Fri 4 Dec to 21:00 on Fri 4 Dec, and reaches niśītha on neither day. It is 3 min 01 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/shivaratri?on=2048-12-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-12-08", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-12-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16290, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-12-08T06:51:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-08T04:51:44Z", "ms": 2491015904202.341 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-09T03:47:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-09T01:47:57Z", "ms": 2491091276828.553 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-12-08T06:51:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-08T04:51:44Z", "ms": 2491015904202.341 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-09T03:47:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-09T01:47:57Z", "ms": 2491091276828.553 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-12-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-08T11:23:14+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-08T09:23:14Z", "ms": 2491032194413.8047 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-08T12:11:14+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-08T10:11:14Z", "ms": 2491035074413.8047 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-09T11:23:42+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-09T09:23:42Z", "ms": 2491118621595.6436 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-09T12:11:42+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-09T10:11:42Z", "ms": 2491121501595.6436 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:52 on Tue 8 Dec to 03:48 on Wed 9 Dec.", "fact": "2048-12-08T04:51:44Z → 2048-12-09T01:47:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:23–12:11 on the 8th, 11:24–12:12 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16290 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 8 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Vināyaka Caturthī 2048 falls on Tuesday 8 December. Caturthī runs from 06:52 on Tue 8 Dec to 03:48 on Wed 9 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2048-12-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "festival": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-12-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27345, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2048-12-09T03:47:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-09T01:47:57Z", "ms": 2491091276828.553 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-10T01:12:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-09T23:12:49Z", "ms": 2491168369148.6255 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-12-09T03:47:57+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-09T01:47:57Z", "ms": 2491091276828.553 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-10T01:12:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-09T23:12:49Z", "ms": 2491168369148.6255 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-09T11:23:42+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-09T09:23:42Z", "ms": 2491118621595.6436 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-09T12:11:42+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-09T10:11:42Z", "ms": 2491121501595.6436 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-10T11:24:09+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-10T09:24:09Z", "ms": 2491205049181.841 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-10T12:12:09+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-10T10:12:09Z", "ms": 2491207929181.841 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 03:48 on Wed 9 Dec to 01:13 on Thu 10 Dec.", "fact": "2048-12-09T01:47:57Z → 2048-12-09T23:12:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 9th, 11:24–12:12 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27345 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa), Giza, 2048: Wednesday 9 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (2nd) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa) 2048 falls on Wednesday 9 December. Pañcamī runs from 03:48 on Wed 9 Dec to 01:13 on Thu 10 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/champa-shashthi", "festival": "champa-shashthi", "name": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-12-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36680, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2048-12-10T01:12:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-09T23:12:49Z", "ms": 2491168369148.6255 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-10T23:12:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-10T21:12:59Z", "ms": 2491247578561.977 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-12-10T01:12:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-09T23:12:49Z", "ms": 2491168369148.6255 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-10T23:12:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-10T21:12:59Z", "ms": 2491247578561.977 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-10T11:24:09+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-10T09:24:09Z", "ms": 2491205049181.841 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-10T12:12:09+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-10T10:12:09Z", "ms": 2491207929181.841 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-12-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-11T11:24:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-11T09:24:37Z", "ms": 2491291477140.3 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-11T12:12:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-11T10:12:37Z", "ms": 2491294357140.3 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 01:13 on Thu 10 Dec to 23:13 on Thu 10 Dec.", "fact": "2048-12-09T23:12:49Z → 2048-12-10T21:12:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 10th, 11:25–12:13 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36680 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī, Giza, 2048: Thursday 10 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "champa-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Śatabhiṣaj nakṣatra, Vyatīpāta yoga and a Sunday; none is tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Campā Ṣaṣṭhī 2048 falls on Thursday 10 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 01:13 on Thu 10 Dec to 23:13 on Thu 10 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/champa-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/skanda-shashthi", "festival": "skanda-shashthi", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-12-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36680, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2048-12-10T01:12:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-09T23:12:49Z", "ms": 2491168369148.6255 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-10T23:12:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-10T21:12:59Z", "ms": 2491247578561.977 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-12-10T01:12:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-09T23:12:49Z", "ms": 2491168369148.6255 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-10T23:12:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-10T21:12:59Z", "ms": 2491247578561.977 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-10T11:24:09+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-10T09:24:09Z", "ms": 2491205049181.841 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-10T12:12:09+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-10T10:12:09Z", "ms": 2491207929181.841 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-12-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-11T11:24:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-11T09:24:37Z", "ms": 2491291477140.3 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-11T12:12:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-11T10:12:37Z", "ms": 2491294357140.3 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 01:13 on Thu 10 Dec to 23:13 on Thu 10 Dec.", "fact": "2048-12-09T23:12:49Z → 2048-12-10T21:12:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 10th, 11:25–12:13 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 36680 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī, Giza, 2048: Thursday 10 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī 2048 falls on Thursday 10 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 01:13 on Thu 10 Dec to 23:13 on Thu 10 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/skanda-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/mitra-saptami", "festival": "mitra-saptami", "name": "Mitra Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-12-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34833, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2048-12-10T23:12:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-10T21:12:59Z", "ms": 2491247578561.977 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-11T21:53:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-11T19:53:11Z", "ms": 2491329190638.9526 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-12-10T23:12:59+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-10T21:12:59Z", "ms": 2491247578561.977 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-11T21:53:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-11T19:53:11Z", "ms": 2491329190638.9526 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-10T11:24:09+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-10T09:24:09Z", "ms": 2491205049181.841 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-10T12:12:09+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-10T10:12:09Z", "ms": 2491207929181.841 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-12-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-11T11:24:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-11T09:24:37Z", "ms": 2491291477140.3 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-11T12:12:37+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-11T10:12:37Z", "ms": 2491294357140.3 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 23:13 on Thu 10 Dec to 21:53 on Fri 11 Dec.", "fact": "2048-12-10T21:12:59Z → 2048-12-11T19:53:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 10th, 11:25–12:13 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 34833 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mitra Saptamī, Giza, 2048: Friday 11 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mitra-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Mitra saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mitra Saptamī 2048 falls on Friday 11 December. Saptamī runs from 23:13 on Thu 10 Dec to 21:53 on Fri 11 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/mitra-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-12-15", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-12-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26239, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-12-14T22:06:28+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-14T20:06:28Z", "ms": 2491589188386.049 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-15T23:27:17+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-15T21:27:17Z", "ms": 2491680437319.626 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-12-14T22:06:28+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-14T20:06:28Z", "ms": 2491589188386.049 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-15T23:27:17+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-15T21:27:17Z", "ms": 2491680437319.626 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-15T06:44:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-15T04:44:00Z", "ms": 2491620239973.771 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-15T06:44:00+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-15T04:44:00Z", "ms": 2491620239973.771 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-12-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-16T06:44:36+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-16T04:44:36Z", "ms": 2491706676214.1743 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-16T06:44:36+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-16T04:44:36Z", "ms": 2491706676214.1743 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 22:06 on Mon 14 Dec to 23:27 on Tue 15 Dec.", "fact": "2048-12-14T20:06:28Z → 2048-12-15T21:27:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:44 on the 15th and 06:45 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 15th and is not on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26239 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Tuesday 15 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Mokṣadā Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Tuesday 15 December. Ekādaśī runs from 22:06 on Mon 14 Dec to 23:27 on Tue 15 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-12-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/akhanda-dvadashi", "festival": "akhanda-dvadashi", "name": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-12-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36592, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-12-15T23:27:17+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-15T21:27:17Z", "ms": 2491680437319.626 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-17T01:17:39+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-16T23:17:39Z", "ms": 2491773459033 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-12-15T23:27:17+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-15T21:27:17Z", "ms": 2491680437319.626 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-17T01:17:39+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-16T23:17:39Z", "ms": 2491773459033 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-12-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-16T11:27:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-16T09:27:01Z", "ms": 2491723621431.662 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-16T12:15:01+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-16T10:15:01Z", "ms": 2491726501431.662 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-12-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-17T11:27:31+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-17T09:27:31Z", "ms": 2491810050976.008 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-17T12:15:31+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-17T10:15:31Z", "ms": 2491812930976.008 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 23:27 on Tue 15 Dec to 01:18 on Thu 17 Dec.", "fact": "2048-12-15T21:27:17Z → 2048-12-16T23:17:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:27–12:15 on the 16th, 11:28–12:16 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36592 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 16 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akhanda-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Matsya dvadasi, Akhanda dvadasi (paraviddha), Vyanjana dvadasi & Dana dvadasi (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī 2048 falls on Wednesday 16 December. Dvādaśī runs from 23:27 on Tue 15 Dec to 01:18 on Thu 17 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/akhanda-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-12-17", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-12-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23390, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-12-17T01:17:39+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-16T23:17:39Z", "ms": 2491773459033 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-18T03:30:54+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-18T01:30:54Z", "ms": 2491867854082.947 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-12-17T01:17:39+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-16T23:17:39Z", "ms": 2491773459033 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-18T03:30:54+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-18T01:30:54Z", "ms": 2491867854082.947 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-12-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-16T16:57:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-16T14:57:27Z", "ms": 2491743446649.1494 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-16T18:47:49+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-16T16:47:49Z", "ms": 2491750068609.581 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2048-12-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-17T16:57:51+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-17T14:57:51Z", "ms": 2491829870599.6284 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-17T18:48:14+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-17T16:48:14Z", "ms": 2491836493899.976 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 01:18 on Thu 17 Dec to 03:31 on Fri 18 Dec.", "fact": "2048-12-16T23:17:39Z → 2048-12-18T01:30:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:57–18:48 on the 16th, 16:58–18:48 on the 17th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 110 minutes on the 16th and 110 of 110 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23390 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Giza, 2048: Thursday 17 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2048 falls on Thursday 17 December. Trayodaśī runs from 01:18 on Thu 17 Dec to 03:31 on Fri 18 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/pradosha-vrata?on=2048-12-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/dattatreyotpatti", "festival": "dattatreyotpatti", "name": "Dattātreyotpatti", "everyday": "Datta Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-12-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29994, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2048-12-19T06:00:17+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-19T04:00:17Z", "ms": 2491963217464.8955 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-20T08:39:18+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-20T06:39:18Z", "ms": 2492059157512.145 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-12-19T06:00:17+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-19T04:00:17Z", "ms": 2491963217464.8955 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-20T08:39:18+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-20T06:39:18Z", "ms": 2492059157512.145 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-12-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-19T16:58:43+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-19T14:58:43Z", "ms": 2492002722834.73 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-19T18:49:08+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-19T16:49:08Z", "ms": 2492009347763.0186 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-12-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-20T16:59:11+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-20T14:59:11Z", "ms": 2492089151065.94 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-20T18:49:36+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-20T16:49:36Z", "ms": 2492095776280.3604 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 06:00 on Sat 19 Dec to 08:39 on Sun 20 Dec.", "fact": "2048-12-19T04:00:17Z → 2048-12-20T06:39:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:59–18:49 on the 19th, 16:59–18:50 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 110 of 110 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 110 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29994 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dattātreyotpatti, Giza, 2048: Saturday 19 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dattatreyotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Dattatreyotpatti (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Dattātreyotpatti (Datta Jayanti) 2048 falls on Saturday 19 December. Pūrṇimā runs from 06:00 on Sat 19 Dec to 08:39 on Sun 20 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/dattatreyotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-12-23", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-12-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7770, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2048-12-23T16:30:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-23T14:30:27Z", "ms": 2492346626621.846 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-24T18:43:13+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-24T16:43:13Z", "ms": 2492440993269.6475 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-12-23T16:30:27+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-23T14:30:27Z", "ms": 2492346626621.846 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-24T18:43:13+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-24T16:43:13Z", "ms": 2492440993269.6475 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-12-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-23T19:58:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-23T17:58:44Z", "ms": 2492359124333.6914 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-23T19:58:44+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-23T17:58:44Z", "ms": 2492359124333.6914 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2048-12-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-24T20:52:43+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-24T18:52:43Z", "ms": 2492448763181.497 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-24T20:52:43+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-24T18:52:43Z", "ms": 2492448763181.497 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:30 on Wed 23 Dec to 18:43 on Thu 24 Dec.", "fact": "2048-12-23T14:30:27Z → 2048-12-24T16:43:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:59 on the 23rd and 20:53 on the 24th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 23rd and is not on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7770 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Giza, 2048: Wednesday 23 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2048 falls on Wednesday 23 December. Caturthī runs from 16:30 on Wed 23 Dec to 18:43 on Thu 24 Dec and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2048-12-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-12-31", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "360995", "year": 2048, "local_date": "2048-12-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38812, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2048-12-30T20:04:17+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-30T18:04:17Z", "ms": 2492964257037.2437 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-31T17:51:10+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-31T15:51:10Z", "ms": 2493042669717.246 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2048-12-30T20:04:17+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-30T18:04:17Z", "ms": 2492964257037.2437 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-31T17:51:10+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-31T15:51:10Z", "ms": 2493042669717.246 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2048-12-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2048-12-31T06:51:09+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-31T04:51:09Z", "ms": 2493003069081.34 }, "end": { "local": "2048-12-31T06:51:09+02:00", "utc": "2048-12-31T04:51:09Z", "ms": 2493003069081.34 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2049-01-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2049-01-01T06:51:24+02:00", "utc": "2049-01-01T04:51:24Z", "ms": 2493089483902.2676 }, "end": { "local": "2049-01-01T06:51:24+02:00", "utc": "2049-01-01T04:51:24Z", "ms": 2493089483902.2676 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:04 on Wed 30 Dec to 17:51 on Thu 31 Dec.", "fact": "2048-12-30T18:04:17Z → 2048-12-31T15:51:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:51 on the 31st and 06:51 on the 1st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 31st and is not on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 38812 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Giza, 2048: Thursday 31 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2048-12-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Giza, Saphalā Ekādaśī 2048 falls on Thursday 31 December. Ekādaśī runs from 20:04 on Wed 30 Dec to 17:51 on Thu 31 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/giza/festivals/2048/ekadashi?on=2048-12-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } } ], "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }