{ "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016", "place": { "id": "4887398", "slug": "chicago", "name": "Chicago", "region": "Illinois, United States", "country": "US", "lat": 41.85003, "lon": -87.65005, "elevation_m": 179, "tz": "America/Chicago" }, "year": 2016, "tradition": "smarta", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "rulings": [ { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-01-05", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-01-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37481, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-01-04T17:43:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-04T23:43:19Z", "ms": 1451950999213.0652 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-05T19:24:03-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-06T01:24:03Z", "ms": 1452043443389.712 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-01-04T17:43:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-04T23:43:19Z", "ms": 1451950999213.0652 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-05T19:24:03-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-06T01:24:03Z", "ms": 1452043443389.712 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-01-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-04T07:18:38-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-04T13:18:38Z", "ms": 1451913518388.0125 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-04T07:18:38-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-04T13:18:38Z", "ms": 1451913518388.0125 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-01-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-05T07:18:37-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-05T13:18:37Z", "ms": 1451999916833.58 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-05T07:18:37-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-05T13:18:37Z", "ms": 1451999916833.58 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 17:43 on Mon 4 Jan to 19:24 on Tue 5 Jan.", "fact": "2016-01-04T23:43:19Z → 2016-01-06T01:24:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:19 on the 4th and 07:19 on the 5th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 4th and is on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 37481 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 5 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Saphalā Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Tuesday 5 January. Ekādaśī runs from 17:43 on Mon 4 Jan to 19:24 on Tue 5 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-01-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-01-07", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-01-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6752, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-01-06T20:24:42-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-07T02:24:42Z", "ms": 1452133481906.1199 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-07T20:43:49-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-08T02:43:49Z", "ms": 1452221029028.1584 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-01-06T20:24:42-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-07T02:24:42Z", "ms": 1452133481906.1199 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-07T20:43:49-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-08T02:43:49Z", "ms": 1452221029028.1584 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-01-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-06T16:34:17-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-06T22:34:17Z", "ms": 1452119657060.208 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-06T18:32:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-07T00:32:10Z", "ms": 1452126730345.5945 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 118, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-01-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-07T16:35:17-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-07T22:35:17Z", "ms": 1452206116508.4128 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-07T18:33:01-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-08T00:33:01Z", "ms": 1452213180723.6423 } }, "covered_min": 118, "window_min": 118, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:25 on Wed 6 Jan to 20:44 on Thu 7 Jan.", "fact": "2016-01-07T02:24:42Z → 2016-01-08T02:43:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:34–18:32 on the 6th, 16:35–18:33 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 118 minutes on the 6th and 118 of 118 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6752 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 7 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Thursday 7 January. Trayodaśī runs from 20:25 on Wed 6 Jan to 20:44 on Thu 7 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-01-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-01-07", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-01-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10138, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-01-07T20:43:49-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-08T02:43:49Z", "ms": 1452221029028.1584 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-08T20:24:00-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-09T02:24:00Z", "ms": 1452306239936.0955 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-01-07T20:43:49-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-08T02:43:49Z", "ms": 1452221029028.1584 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-08T20:24:00-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-09T02:24:00Z", "ms": 1452306239936.0955 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-01-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-07T23:32:47-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-08T05:32:47Z", "ms": 1452231167315.5232 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-08T00:20:47-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-08T06:20:47Z", "ms": 1452234047315.5232 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-01-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-08T23:33:12-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-09T05:33:12Z", "ms": 1452317592268.56 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-09T00:21:12-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-09T06:21:12Z", "ms": 1452320472268.56 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 20:44 on Thu 7 Jan to 20:24 on Fri 8 Jan.", "fact": "2016-01-08T02:43:49Z → 2016-01-09T02:24:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:33–00:21 on the 7th, 23:33–00:21 on the 8th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10138 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 7 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śivarātri 2016 falls on Thursday 7 January. Caturdaśī runs from 20:44 on Thu 7 Jan to 20:24 on Fri 8 Jan and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-01-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/bhogi", "festival": "bhogi", "name": "Bhogi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9989, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2016-01-14T13:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T19:56:19Z", "ms": 1452801378875.0613 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-13T02:55:20-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-13T08:55:20Z", "ms": 1455353720170.4268 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2016-01-14T13:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T19:56:19Z", "ms": 1452801378875.0613 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-14T13:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T19:56:19Z", "ms": 1452801378875.0613 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-13T16:41:40-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-13T22:41:40Z", "ms": 1452724899830.0571 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-14T16:42:48-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T22:42:48Z", "ms": 1452811367564.8823 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-14T16:42:48-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T22:42:48Z", "ms": 1452811367564.8823 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-15T16:43:56-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-15T22:43:56Z", "ms": 1452897836234.4507 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "2016-01-14", "days": -1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 13:56 on Thu 14 Jan.", "fact": "2016-01-14T19:56:19Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 16:43, and the day of the 15th ends at 16:44.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 9989 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Bhogi is kept the day before Pongal: Thursday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal − 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhogi, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "bhogi", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": -1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2016-01-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2016-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Bhogi 2016 falls on Wednesday 13 January. It is kept the day before Pongal, which falls on Thursday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 13:56 on Thu 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/bhogi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-01-13", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 723, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-01-12T14:36:23-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-12T20:36:23Z", "ms": 1452630982917.4185 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-13T12:35:23-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-13T18:35:23Z", "ms": 1452710122663.9521 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-01-12T14:36:23-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-12T20:36:23Z", "ms": 1452630982917.4185 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-13T12:35:23-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-13T18:35:23Z", "ms": 1452710122663.9521 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-01-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-12T11:34:57-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-12T17:34:57Z", "ms": 1452620096784.0627 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-12T12:22:57-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-12T18:22:57Z", "ms": 1452622976784.0627 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-13T11:35:20-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-13T17:35:20Z", "ms": 1452706520047.7312 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-13T12:23:20-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-13T18:23:20Z", "ms": 1452709400047.7312 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:36 on Tue 12 Jan to 12:35 on Wed 13 Jan.", "fact": "2016-01-12T20:36:23Z → 2016-01-13T18:35:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:35–12:23 on the 12th, 11:35–12:23 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 723 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vināyaka Caturthī 2016 falls on Wednesday 13 January. Caturthī runs from 14:36 on Tue 12 Jan to 12:35 on Wed 13 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-01-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pongal", "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9989, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2016-01-14T13:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T19:56:19Z", "ms": 1452801378875.0613 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-13T02:55:20-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-13T08:55:20Z", "ms": 1455353720170.4268 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2016-01-14T13:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T19:56:19Z", "ms": 1452801378875.0613 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-14T13:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T19:56:19Z", "ms": 1452801378875.0613 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-13T16:41:40-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-13T22:41:40Z", "ms": 1452724899830.0571 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-14T16:42:48-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T22:42:48Z", "ms": 1452811367564.8823 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-14T16:42:48-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T22:42:48Z", "ms": 1452811367564.8823 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-15T16:43:56-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-15T22:43:56Z", "ms": 1452897836234.4507 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 13:56 on Thu 14 Jan.", "fact": "2016-01-14T19:56:19Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 16:43, and the day of the 15th ends at 16:44.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 9989 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pongal, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "pongal", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The rule that heads the solar festivals, the day \"taken to begin from midnight\" (p. 106), is not applied to Pongal. It is kept on the first day of the month of Makara as the Tamil districts count it, a transit after sunset going to the next day (p. 244); the Rashtriya Panchang prints Pongal so.", "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2016-01-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2016-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Pongal 2016 falls on Thursday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 13:56 on Thu 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/makara-sankranti", "festival": "makara-sankranti", "name": "Makara Saṅkrānti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36221, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2016-01-14T13:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T19:56:19Z", "ms": 1452801378875.0613 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-13T02:55:20-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-13T08:55:20Z", "ms": 1455353720170.4268 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2016-01-14T13:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T19:56:19Z", "ms": 1452801378875.0613 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-14T13:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T19:56:19Z", "ms": 1452801378875.0613 } }, "kaala": "civil-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-14T00:00:00-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T06:00:00Z", "ms": 1452751200000 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-15T00:00:00-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-15T06:00:00Z", "ms": 1452837600000 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-15T00:00:00-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-15T06:00:00Z", "ms": 1452837600000 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-16T00:00:00-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-16T06:00:00Z", "ms": 1452924000000 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 13:56 on Thu 14 Jan.", "fact": "2016-01-14T19:56:19Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Chicago.", "fact": "civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · America/Chicago" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 14th, not the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 36221 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Makara Saṅkrānti, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "makara-sankranti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "midnight" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2016-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "2016-01-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Makara Saṅkrānti 2016 falls on Thursday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 13:56 on Thu 14 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/makara-sankranti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/mattu-pongal", "festival": "mattu-pongal", "name": "Mattu Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9989, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2016-01-14T13:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T19:56:19Z", "ms": 1452801378875.0613 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-13T02:55:20-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-13T08:55:20Z", "ms": 1455353720170.4268 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2016-01-14T13:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T19:56:19Z", "ms": 1452801378875.0613 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-14T13:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T19:56:19Z", "ms": 1452801378875.0613 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-13T16:41:40-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-13T22:41:40Z", "ms": 1452724899830.0571 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-14T16:42:48-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T22:42:48Z", "ms": 1452811367564.8823 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-14T16:42:48-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-14T22:42:48Z", "ms": 1452811367564.8823 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-15T16:43:56-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-15T22:43:56Z", "ms": 1452897836234.4507 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "2016-01-14", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 13:56 on Thu 14 Jan.", "fact": "2016-01-14T19:56:19Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 16:43, and the day of the 15th ends at 16:44.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 9989 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Mattu Pongal is kept the day after Pongal: Thursday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mattu Pongal, Chicago, 2016: Friday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "mattu-pongal", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2016-01-15", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2016-01-15", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Mattu Pongal 2016 falls on Friday 15 January. It is kept the day after Pongal, which falls on Thursday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 13:56 on Thu 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/mattu-pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-01-19", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-01-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23069, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-01-19T00:49:42-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-19T06:49:42Z", "ms": 1453186182321.4695 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-19T23:13:27-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-20T05:13:27Z", "ms": 1453266806611.8804 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-01-19T00:49:42-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-19T06:49:42Z", "ms": 1453186182321.4695 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-19T23:13:27-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-20T05:13:27Z", "ms": 1453266806611.8804 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-01-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-19T07:14:11-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-19T13:14:11Z", "ms": 1453209251275.5159 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-19T07:14:11-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-19T13:14:11Z", "ms": 1453209251275.5159 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-01-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-20T07:13:35-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-20T13:13:35Z", "ms": 1453295615358.9753 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-20T07:13:35-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-20T13:13:35Z", "ms": 1453295615358.9753 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:50 on Tue 19 Jan to 23:13 on Tue 19 Jan.", "fact": "2016-01-19T06:49:42Z → 2016-01-20T05:13:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:14 on the 19th and 07:14 on the 20th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 19th and is not on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 23069 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 19 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Putradā Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Tuesday 19 January. Ekādaśī runs from 00:50 on Tue 19 Jan to 23:13 on Tue 19 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-01-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-01-21", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-01-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7102, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-01-20T21:50:08-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-21T03:50:08Z", "ms": 1453348208359.825 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-21T20:44:17-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-22T02:44:17Z", "ms": 1453430656850.5051 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-01-20T21:50:08-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-21T03:50:08Z", "ms": 1453348208359.825 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-21T20:44:17-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-22T02:44:17Z", "ms": 1453430656850.5051 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-01-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-20T16:49:52-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-20T22:49:52Z", "ms": 1453330191613.6233 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-20T18:44:56-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-21T00:44:56Z", "ms": 1453337096371.8374 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-01-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-21T16:51:05-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-21T22:51:05Z", "ms": 1453416664723.99 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-21T18:45:54-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-22T00:45:54Z", "ms": 1453423554378.2107 } }, "covered_min": 115, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 21:50 on Wed 20 Jan to 20:44 on Thu 21 Jan.", "fact": "2016-01-21T03:50:08Z → 2016-01-22T02:44:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:50–18:45 on the 20th, 16:51–18:46 on the 21st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 115 minutes on the 20th and 115 of 115 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7102 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 21 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Thursday 21 January. Trayodaśī runs from 21:50 on Wed 20 Jan to 20:44 on Thu 21 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-01-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-01-27", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-01-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8941, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-01-26T22:25:26-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-27T04:25:26Z", "ms": 1453868725772.1304 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-28T00:27:29-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-28T06:27:29Z", "ms": 1453962448810.628 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-01-26T22:25:26-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-27T04:25:26Z", "ms": 1453868725772.1304 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-28T00:27:29-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-28T06:27:29Z", "ms": 1453962448810.628 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-26T19:56:25-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-27T01:56:25Z", "ms": 1453859785012.9292 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-26T19:56:25-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-27T01:56:25Z", "ms": 1453859785012.9292 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-01-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-01-27T20:54:31-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-28T02:54:31Z", "ms": 1453949670573.039 }, "end": { "local": "2016-01-27T20:54:31-06:00", "utc": "2016-01-28T02:54:31Z", "ms": 1453949670573.039 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:25 on Tue 26 Jan to 00:27 on Thu 28 Jan.", "fact": "2016-01-27T04:25:26Z → 2016-01-28T06:27:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:56 on the 26th and 20:55 on the 27th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 26th and is on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8941 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 27 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-01-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2016 falls on Wednesday 27 January. Caturthī runs from 22:25 on Tue 26 Jan to 00:27 on Thu 28 Jan and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-01-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-02-04", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-02-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23691, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-02-03T13:36:34-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-03T19:36:34Z", "ms": 1454528193920.427 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-04T14:00:38-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-04T20:00:38Z", "ms": 1454616037507.7039 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-02-03T13:36:34-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-03T19:36:34Z", "ms": 1454528193920.427 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-04T14:00:38-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-04T20:00:38Z", "ms": 1454616037507.7039 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-02-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-03T07:01:43-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-03T13:01:43Z", "ms": 1454504502873.1475 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-03T07:01:43-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-03T13:01:43Z", "ms": 1454504502873.1475 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-02-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-04T07:00:38-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-04T13:00:38Z", "ms": 1454590838410.182 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-04T07:00:38-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-04T13:00:38Z", "ms": 1454590838410.182 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:37 on Wed 3 Feb to 14:01 on Thu 4 Feb.", "fact": "2016-02-03T19:36:34Z → 2016-02-04T20:00:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:02 on the 3rd and 07:01 on the 4th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 3rd and is on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 23691 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 4 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Thursday 4 February. Ekādaśī runs from 13:37 on Wed 3 Feb to 14:01 on Thu 4 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-02-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-02-05", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-02-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12712, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-02-05T13:38:14-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-05T19:38:14Z", "ms": 1454701093855.2769 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-06T12:32:48-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-06T18:32:48Z", "ms": 1454783567516.2458 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-02-05T13:38:14-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-05T19:38:14Z", "ms": 1454701093855.2769 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-06T12:32:48-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-06T18:32:48Z", "ms": 1454783567516.2458 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-02-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-05T17:10:05-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-05T23:10:05Z", "ms": 1454713805418.5483 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-05T19:00:32-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-06T01:00:32Z", "ms": 1454720431984.8398 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-06T17:11:23-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-06T23:11:23Z", "ms": 1454800282651.3118 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-06T19:01:30-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-07T01:01:30Z", "ms": 1454806889691.6943 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:38 on Fri 5 Feb to 12:33 on Sat 6 Feb.", "fact": "2016-02-05T19:38:14Z → 2016-02-06T18:32:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:10–19:01 on the 5th, 17:11–19:01 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 110 of 110 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 110 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12712 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Friday 5 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Friday 5 February. Trayodaśī runs from 13:38 on Fri 5 Feb to 12:33 on Sat 6 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-02-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-02-06", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-02-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37327, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-02-06T12:32:48-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-06T18:32:48Z", "ms": 1454783567516.2458 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-07T10:50:26-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-07T16:50:26Z", "ms": 1454863826436.8325 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-02-06T12:32:48-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-06T18:32:48Z", "ms": 1454783567516.2458 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-07T10:50:26-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-07T16:50:26Z", "ms": 1454863826436.8325 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-02-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-05T23:40:15-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-06T05:40:15Z", "ms": 1454737215042.1416 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-06T00:28:15-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-06T06:28:15Z", "ms": 1454740095042.1416 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-06T23:40:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-07T05:40:19Z", "ms": 1454823619052.746 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-07T00:28:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-07T06:28:19Z", "ms": 1454826499052.746 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 12:33 on Sat 6 Feb to 10:50 on Sun 7 Feb.", "fact": "2016-02-06T18:32:48Z → 2016-02-07T16:50:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:40–00:28 on the 5th, 23:40–00:28 on the 6th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37327 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 6 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śivarātri 2016 falls on Saturday 6 February. Caturdaśī runs from 12:33 on Sat 6 Feb to 10:50 on Sun 7 Feb and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-02-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/yama-tarpana", "festival": "yama-tarpana", "name": "Yama Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-02-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13991, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-02-06T12:32:48-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-06T18:32:48Z", "ms": 1454783567516.2458 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-07T10:50:26-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-07T16:50:26Z", "ms": 1454863826436.8325 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-02-06T12:32:48-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-06T18:32:48Z", "ms": 1454783567516.2458 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-07T10:50:26-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-07T16:50:26Z", "ms": 1454863826436.8325 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-06T05:07:58-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-06T11:07:58Z", "ms": 1454756878099.443 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-06T06:58:25-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-06T12:58:25Z", "ms": 1454763504665.7346 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-07T05:07:08-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-07T11:07:08Z", "ms": 1454843228413.7979 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-07T06:57:15-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-07T12:57:15Z", "ms": 1454849835454.1804 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 12:33 on Sat 6 Feb to 10:50 on Sun 7 Feb.", "fact": "2016-02-06T18:32:48Z → 2016-02-07T16:50:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:08–06:58 on the 6th, 05:07–06:57 on the 7th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 110 minutes on the 6th and 110 of 110 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13991 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Tarpaṇa, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 7 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Yama tarpana (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Yama Tarpaṇa 2016 falls on Sunday 7 February. Caturdaśī runs from 12:33 on Sat 6 Feb to 10:50 on Sun 7 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/yama-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ganesha-jayanti", "festival": "ganesha-jayanti", "name": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī", "everyday": "Maghi Ganesh Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-02-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33484, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-02-11T00:33:14-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-11T06:33:14Z", "ms": 1455172393779.447 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-11T21:47:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-12T03:47:10Z", "ms": 1455248830093.3118 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-02-11T00:33:14-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-11T06:33:14Z", "ms": 1455172393779.447 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-11T21:47:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-12T03:47:10Z", "ms": 1455248830093.3118 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-10T11:41:05-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-10T17:41:05Z", "ms": 1455126064823.5989 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-10T12:29:05-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-10T18:29:05Z", "ms": 1455128944823.5989 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-11T11:41:06-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-11T17:41:06Z", "ms": 1455212465631.4885 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-11T12:29:06-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-11T18:29:06Z", "ms": 1455215345631.4885 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:33 on Thu 11 Feb to 21:47 on Thu 11 Feb.", "fact": "2016-02-11T06:33:14Z → 2016-02-12T03:47:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 10th, 11:41–12:29 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 33484 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 11 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Gaṇeśa Jayantī (Maghi Ganesh Jayanti) 2016 falls on Thursday 11 February. Caturthī runs from 00:33 on Thu 11 Feb to 21:47 on Thu 11 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ganesha-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/tila-chaturthi", "festival": "tila-chaturthi", "name": "Tila Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-02-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9656, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-02-11T00:33:14-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-11T06:33:14Z", "ms": 1455172393779.447 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-11T21:47:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-12T03:47:10Z", "ms": 1455248830093.3118 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-02-11T00:33:14-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-11T06:33:14Z", "ms": 1455172393779.447 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-11T21:47:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-12T03:47:10Z", "ms": 1455248830093.3118 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-10T17:16:31-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-10T23:16:31Z", "ms": 1455146190780.2983 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-10T19:05:18-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-11T01:05:18Z", "ms": 1455152717849.131 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-11T17:17:47-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-11T23:17:47Z", "ms": 1455232667466.4321 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-11T19:06:14-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-12T01:06:14Z", "ms": 1455239174116.7878 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:33 on Thu 11 Feb to 21:47 on Thu 11 Feb.", "fact": "2016-02-11T06:33:14Z → 2016-02-12T03:47:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:17–19:05 on the 10th, 17:18–19:06 on the 11th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 109 minutes on the 10th and 108 of 108 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9656 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Tila Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 11 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "tila-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Tila Caturthī 2016 falls on Thursday 11 February. Caturthī runs from 00:33 on Thu 11 Feb to 21:47 on Thu 11 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/tila-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shri-panchami", "festival": "shri-panchami", "name": "Śrī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-02-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24058, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2016-02-11T21:47:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-12T03:47:10Z", "ms": 1455248830093.3118 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-12T19:10:03-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-13T01:10:03Z", "ms": 1455325803451.0854 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-02-11T21:47:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-12T03:47:10Z", "ms": 1455248830093.3118 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-12T19:10:03-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-13T01:10:03Z", "ms": 1455325803451.0854 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-11T11:41:06-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-11T17:41:06Z", "ms": 1455212465631.4885 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-11T12:29:06-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-11T18:29:06Z", "ms": 1455215345631.4885 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-02-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-12T11:41:06-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-12T17:41:06Z", "ms": 1455298865653.562 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-12T12:29:06-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-12T18:29:06Z", "ms": 1455301745653.562 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 21:47 on Thu 11 Feb to 19:10 on Fri 12 Feb.", "fact": "2016-02-12T03:47:10Z → 2016-02-13T01:10:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 11th, 11:41–12:29 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 24058 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Pañcamī, Chicago, 2016: Friday 12 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śrī Pañcamī 2016 falls on Friday 12 February. Pañcamī runs from 21:47 on Thu 11 Feb to 19:10 on Fri 12 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shri-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vasanta-panchami", "festival": "vasanta-panchami", "name": "Vasanta Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-02-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24058, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2016-02-11T21:47:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-12T03:47:10Z", "ms": 1455248830093.3118 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-12T19:10:03-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-13T01:10:03Z", "ms": 1455325803451.0854 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-02-11T21:47:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-12T03:47:10Z", "ms": 1455248830093.3118 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-12T19:10:03-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-13T01:10:03Z", "ms": 1455325803451.0854 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-11T11:41:06-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-11T17:41:06Z", "ms": 1455212465631.4885 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-11T12:29:06-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-11T18:29:06Z", "ms": 1455215345631.4885 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-02-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-12T11:41:06-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-12T17:41:06Z", "ms": 1455298865653.562 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-12T12:29:06-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-12T18:29:06Z", "ms": 1455301745653.562 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 21:47 on Thu 11 Feb to 19:10 on Fri 12 Feb.", "fact": "2016-02-12T03:47:10Z → 2016-02-13T01:10:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 11th, 11:41–12:29 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24058 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasanta Pañcamī, Chicago, 2016: Friday 12 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasanta-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vasanta Pañcamī 2016 falls on Friday 12 February. Pañcamī runs from 21:47 on Thu 11 Feb to 19:10 on Fri 12 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vasanta-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ratha-saptami", "festival": "ratha-saptami", "name": "Ratha Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-02-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28382, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2016-02-13T16:46:54-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-13T22:46:54Z", "ms": 1455403613783.5713 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-14T14:41:33-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-14T20:41:33Z", "ms": 1455482492748.7996 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-02-13T16:46:54-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-13T22:46:54Z", "ms": 1455403613783.5713 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-14T14:41:33-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-14T20:41:33Z", "ms": 1455482492748.7996 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-02-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-13T05:01:43-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-13T11:01:43Z", "ms": 1455361303466.4417 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-13T06:49:50-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-13T12:49:50Z", "ms": 1455367789543.8904 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-14T05:00:45-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-14T11:00:45Z", "ms": 1455447645073.7334 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-14T06:48:30-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-14T12:48:30Z", "ms": 1455454110431.4006 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 16:47 on Sat 13 Feb to 14:42 on Sun 14 Feb.", "fact": "2016-02-13T22:46:54Z → 2016-02-14T20:41:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:02–06:50 on the 13th, 05:01–06:49 on the 14th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 108 minutes on the 13th and 108 of 108 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28382 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ratha Saptamī, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 14 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ratha-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Ratha saptami (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise), Acala saptami, Vidhana saptami, Arogya saptami [purvaviddha]." } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Ratha Saptamī 2016 falls on Sunday 14 February. Saptamī runs from 16:47 on Sat 13 Feb to 14:42 on Sun 14 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ratha-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-02-18", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Jayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-02-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12034, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-02-17T10:36:37-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-17T16:36:37Z", "ms": 1455726996971.8699 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-18T10:03:36-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-18T16:03:36Z", "ms": 1455811415895.5796 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-02-17T10:36:37-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-17T16:36:37Z", "ms": 1455726996971.8699 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-18T10:03:36-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-18T16:03:36Z", "ms": 1455811415895.5796 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-02-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-17T06:44:26-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-17T12:44:26Z", "ms": 1455713065590.371 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-17T06:44:26-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-17T12:44:26Z", "ms": 1455713065590.371 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-02-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-18T06:43:02-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-18T12:43:02Z", "ms": 1455799381602.3438 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-18T06:43:02-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-18T12:43:02Z", "ms": 1455799381602.3438 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:37 on Wed 17 Feb to 10:04 on Thu 18 Feb.", "fact": "2016-02-17T16:36:37Z → 2016-02-18T16:03:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:44 on the 17th and 06:43 on the 18th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 17th and is on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12034 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jayā Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 18 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Jayā Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Thursday 18 February. Ekādaśī runs from 10:37 on Wed 17 Feb to 10:04 on Thu 18 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-02-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/bhishma-dvadashi", "festival": "bhishma-dvadashi", "name": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-02-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5834, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-02-18T10:03:36-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-18T16:03:36Z", "ms": 1455811415895.5796 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-19T09:56:38-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-19T15:56:38Z", "ms": 1455897397894.224 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-02-18T10:03:36-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-18T16:03:36Z", "ms": 1455811415895.5796 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-19T09:56:38-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-19T15:56:38Z", "ms": 1455897397894.224 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-02-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-18T11:40:50-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-18T17:40:50Z", "ms": 1455817249782.9932 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-18T12:28:50-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-18T18:28:50Z", "ms": 1455820129782.9932 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-02-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-19T11:40:45-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-19T17:40:45Z", "ms": 1455903644590.0479 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-19T12:28:45-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-19T18:28:45Z", "ms": 1455906524590.0479 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 10:04 on Thu 18 Feb to 09:57 on Fri 19 Feb.", "fact": "2016-02-18T16:03:36Z → 2016-02-19T15:56:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 18th, 11:41–12:29 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 5834 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 18 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhishma-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Bhisma dvadasi (purvaviddha), Amalaki dvadasi, Santana dvadasi, Varaha dvadasi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Bhīṣma Dvādaśī 2016 falls on Thursday 18 February. Dvādaśī runs from 10:04 on Thu 18 Feb to 09:57 on Fri 19 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/bhishma-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-02-19", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-02-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25949, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-02-19T09:56:38-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-19T15:56:38Z", "ms": 1455897397894.224 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-20T10:16:38-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-20T16:16:38Z", "ms": 1455984997707.307 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-02-19T09:56:38-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-19T15:56:38Z", "ms": 1455897397894.224 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-20T10:16:38-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-20T16:16:38Z", "ms": 1455984997707.307 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-02-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-19T17:27:53-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-19T23:27:53Z", "ms": 1455924472688.6467 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-19T19:13:31-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-20T01:13:31Z", "ms": 1455930811036.3464 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-02-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-20T17:29:07-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-20T23:29:07Z", "ms": 1456010947126.5847 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-20T19:14:24-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-21T01:14:24Z", "ms": 1456017263917.141 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 09:57 on Fri 19 Feb to 10:17 on Sat 20 Feb.", "fact": "2016-02-19T15:56:38Z → 2016-02-20T16:16:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:28–19:14 on the 19th, 17:29–19:14 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 106 of 106 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 105 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25949 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Friday 19 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Friday 19 February. Trayodaśī runs from 09:57 on Fri 19 Feb to 10:17 on Sat 20 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-02-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/maghi-purnima", "festival": "maghi-purnima", "name": "Māghī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-02-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 513, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2016-02-21T11:04:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-21T17:04:19Z", "ms": 1456074258722.332 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-22T12:19:52-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-22T18:19:52Z", "ms": 1456165191791.1401 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-02-21T11:04:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-21T17:04:19Z", "ms": 1456074258722.332 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-22T12:19:52-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-22T18:19:52Z", "ms": 1456165191791.1401 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-02-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-21T11:40:32-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-21T17:40:32Z", "ms": 1456076432165.3896 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-21T12:28:32-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-21T18:28:32Z", "ms": 1456079312165.3896 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-02-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-22T11:40:25-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-22T17:40:25Z", "ms": 1456162824970.4062 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-22T12:28:25-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-22T18:28:25Z", "ms": 1456165704970.4062 } }, "covered_min": 39, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 11:04 on Sun 21 Feb to 12:20 on Mon 22 Feb.", "fact": "2016-02-21T17:04:19Z → 2016-02-22T18:19:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 21st, 11:40–12:28 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 39 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 513 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Māghī Pūrṇimā, Chicago, 2016: Monday 22 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maghi-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Maghi purnima (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-22", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Māghī Pūrṇimā 2016 falls on Monday 22 February. Pūrṇimā runs from 11:04 on Sun 21 Feb to 12:20 on Mon 22 Feb and covers 39 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/maghi-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-02-25", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-02-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1323, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-02-25T18:35:12-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-26T00:35:12Z", "ms": 1456446911919.1 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-26T21:12:39-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-27T03:12:39Z", "ms": 1456542758553.5222 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-02-25T18:35:12-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-26T00:35:12Z", "ms": 1456446911919.1 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-26T21:12:39-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-27T03:12:39Z", "ms": 1456542758553.5222 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-02-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-25T20:38:12-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-26T02:38:12Z", "ms": 1456454292058.4126 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-25T20:38:12-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-26T02:38:12Z", "ms": 1456454292058.4126 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-02-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-02-26T21:34:41-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-27T03:34:41Z", "ms": 1456544081491.915 }, "end": { "local": "2016-02-26T21:34:41-06:00", "utc": "2016-02-27T03:34:41Z", "ms": 1456544081491.915 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 18:35 on Thu 25 Feb to 21:13 on Fri 26 Feb.", "fact": "2016-02-26T00:35:12Z → 2016-02-27T03:12:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:38 on the 25th and 21:35 on the 26th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 25th and is not on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1323 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 25 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-02-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2016 falls on Thursday 25 February. Caturthī runs from 18:35 on Thu 25 Feb to 21:13 on Fri 26 Feb and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-02-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-03-04", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Vijayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-03-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 730, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-03-04T06:32:18-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-04T12:32:18Z", "ms": 1457094738423.0718 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-05T05:41:35-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-05T11:41:35Z", "ms": 1457178094905.7493 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-03-04T06:32:18-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-04T12:32:18Z", "ms": 1457094738423.0718 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-05T05:41:35-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-05T11:41:35Z", "ms": 1457178094905.7493 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-03-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-04T06:20:08-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-04T12:20:08Z", "ms": 1457094008190.4858 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-04T06:20:08-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-04T12:20:08Z", "ms": 1457094008190.4858 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-03-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-05T06:18:31-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-05T12:18:31Z", "ms": 1457180310701.7417 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-05T06:18:31-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-05T12:18:31Z", "ms": 1457180310701.7417 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:32 on Fri 4 Mar to 05:42 on Sat 5 Mar.", "fact": "2016-03-04T12:32:18Z → 2016-03-05T11:41:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:20 on the 4th and 06:19 on the 5th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 4th and is not on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 730 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Friday 4 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vijayā Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Friday 4 March. Ekādaśī runs from 06:32 on Fri 4 Mar to 05:42 on Sat 5 Mar, and is current at sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-03-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/maha-shivaratri", "festival": "maha-shivaratri", "name": "Mahāśivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-03-06", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1974, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-03-07T01:50:45-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-07T07:50:45Z", "ms": 1457337045286.1956 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-07T23:04:04-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-08T05:04:04Z", "ms": 1457413443682.262 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-03-07T01:50:45-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-07T07:50:45Z", "ms": 1457337045286.1956 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-07T23:04:04-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-08T05:04:04Z", "ms": 1457413443682.262 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-03-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-06T23:37:12-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-07T05:37:12Z", "ms": 1457329031900.1719 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-07T00:25:12-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-07T06:25:12Z", "ms": 1457331911900.1719 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-03-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-07T23:36:57-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-08T05:36:57Z", "ms": 1457415417390.3823 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-08T00:24:57-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-08T06:24:57Z", "ms": 1457418297390.3823 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 01:51 on Mon 7 Mar to 23:04 on Mon 7 Mar.", "fact": "2016-03-07T07:50:45Z → 2016-03-08T05:04:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:37–00:25 on the 6th, 23:37–00:25 on the 7th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither night qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: disputed → tithi-day · margin 1974 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāśivarātri, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 6 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maha-shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day" } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-06", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-06", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Mahāśivarātri 2016 falls on Sunday 6 March. Caturdaśī runs from 01:51 on Mon 7 Mar to 23:04 on Mon 7 Mar, and reaches niśītha on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/maha-shivaratri", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-03-06", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-03-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23031, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-03-06T04:05:48-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-06T10:05:48Z", "ms": 1457258748424.373 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-07T01:50:45-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-07T07:50:45Z", "ms": 1457337045286.1956 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-03-06T04:05:48-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-06T10:05:48Z", "ms": 1457258748424.373 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-07T01:50:45-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-07T07:50:45Z", "ms": 1457337045286.1956 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-03-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-05T17:45:59-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-05T23:45:59Z", "ms": 1457221559411.548 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-05T19:26:07-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-06T01:26:07Z", "ms": 1457227566511.9573 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 100, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-03-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-06T17:47:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-06T23:47:10Z", "ms": 1457308029690.6096 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-06T19:26:54-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-07T01:26:54Z", "ms": 1457314014279.8262 } }, "covered_min": 100, "window_min": 100, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 04:06 on Sun 6 Mar to 01:51 on Mon 7 Mar.", "fact": "2016-03-06T10:05:48Z → 2016-03-07T07:50:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:46–19:26 on the 5th, 17:47–19:27 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 100 minutes on the 5th and 100 of 100 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23031 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 6 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Sunday 6 March. Trayodaśī runs from 04:06 on Sun 6 Mar to 01:51 on Mon 7 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-03-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-03-11", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-03-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6896, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-03-11T09:41:50-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-11T15:41:50Z", "ms": 1457710909787.7048 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-12T06:33:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-12T12:33:19Z", "ms": 1457785998675.0771 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-03-11T09:41:50-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-11T15:41:50Z", "ms": 1457710909787.7048 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-12T06:33:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-12T12:33:19Z", "ms": 1457785998675.0771 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-03-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-11T11:36:46-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-11T17:36:46Z", "ms": 1457717806285.3545 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-11T12:24:46-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-11T18:24:46Z", "ms": 1457720686285.3545 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-03-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-12T11:36:30-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-12T17:36:30Z", "ms": 1457804190313.1309 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-12T12:24:30-06:00", "utc": "2016-03-12T18:24:30Z", "ms": 1457807070313.1309 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:42 on Fri 11 Mar to 06:33 on Sat 12 Mar.", "fact": "2016-03-11T15:41:50Z → 2016-03-12T12:33:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 11th, 11:37–12:25 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6896 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Friday 11 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vināyaka Caturthī 2016 falls on Friday 11 March. Caturthī runs from 09:42 on Fri 11 Mar to 06:33 on Sat 12 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-03-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-03-18", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-03-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25510, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-03-17T23:08:36-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-18T04:08:36Z", "ms": 1458274116263.7585 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-18T23:49:52-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-19T04:49:52Z", "ms": 1458362991978.5842 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-03-17T23:08:36-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-18T04:08:36Z", "ms": 1458274116263.7585 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-18T23:49:52-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-19T04:49:52Z", "ms": 1458362991978.5842 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-03-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-18T06:56:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-18T11:56:44Z", "ms": 1458302204046.9548 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-18T06:56:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-18T11:56:44Z", "ms": 1458302204046.9548 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-03-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-19T06:55:02-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-19T11:55:02Z", "ms": 1458388501550.3528 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-19T06:55:02-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-19T11:55:02Z", "ms": 1458388501550.3528 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 23:09 on Thu 17 Mar to 23:50 on Fri 18 Mar.", "fact": "2016-03-18T04:08:36Z → 2016-03-19T04:49:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:57 on the 18th and 06:55 on the 19th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 18th and is not on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25510 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Friday 18 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Āmalakī Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Friday 18 March. Ekādaśī runs from 23:09 on Thu 17 Mar to 23:50 on Fri 18 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-03-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-03-20", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-03-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15931, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-03-20T01:02:22-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-20T06:02:22Z", "ms": 1458453742166.1697 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-21T02:41:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-21T07:41:39Z", "ms": 1458546098833.6743 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-03-20T01:02:22-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-20T06:02:22Z", "ms": 1458453742166.1697 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-21T02:41:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-21T07:41:39Z", "ms": 1458546098833.6743 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-03-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-19T19:02:01-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-20T00:02:01Z", "ms": 1458432121194.1475 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-19T20:36:52-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-20T01:36:52Z", "ms": 1458437811558.6746 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-03-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-20T19:03:08-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-21T00:03:08Z", "ms": 1458518588304.7131 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-20T20:37:36-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-21T01:37:36Z", "ms": 1458524256025.8027 } }, "covered_min": 94, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 01:02 on Sun 20 Mar to 02:42 on Mon 21 Mar.", "fact": "2016-03-20T06:02:22Z → 2016-03-21T07:41:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:02–20:37 on the 19th, 19:03–20:38 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 95 minutes on the 19th and 94 of 94 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15931 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 20 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Sunday 20 March. Trayodaśī runs from 01:02 on Sun 20 Mar to 02:42 on Mon 21 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-03-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/holika-dahana", "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-03-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34679, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2016-03-22T04:42:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-22T09:42:50Z", "ms": 1458639769895.8245 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-23T07:00:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-23T12:00:50Z", "ms": 1458734450326.1582 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-03-22T04:42:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-22T09:42:50Z", "ms": 1458639769895.8245 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-23T07:00:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-23T12:00:50Z", "ms": 1458734450326.1582 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-03-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-22T16:38:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-22T21:38:16Z", "ms": 1458682696353.9023 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-22T19:05:22-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-23T00:05:22Z", "ms": 1458691522083.0356 } }, "covered_min": 147, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-23T16:38:49-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-23T21:38:49Z", "ms": 1458769129150.4368 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-23T19:06:29-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-24T00:06:29Z", "ms": 1458777988779.5044 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 148, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 04:43 on Tue 22 Mar to 07:01 on Wed 23 Mar.", "fact": "2016-03-22T09:42:50Z → 2016-03-23T12:00:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:38–19:05 on the 22nd, 16:39–19:06 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 147 of 147 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 148 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34679 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holikā Dahana, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 22 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holika-dahana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "not_evaluated": "The hour the row gives for the rite (\"it should be observed on second half of purnima at night\") is not tested: sāyāhna alone settles the day.", "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Holikā Dahana 2016 falls on Tuesday 22 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 04:43 on Tue 22 Mar to 07:01 on Wed 23 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/holika-dahana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/holi", "festival": "holi", "name": "Holī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-03-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34679, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2016-03-22T04:42:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-22T09:42:50Z", "ms": 1458639769895.8245 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-23T07:00:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-23T12:00:50Z", "ms": 1458734450326.1582 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-03-22T04:42:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-22T09:42:50Z", "ms": 1458639769895.8245 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-23T07:00:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-23T12:00:50Z", "ms": 1458734450326.1582 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-03-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-22T16:38:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-22T21:38:16Z", "ms": 1458682696353.9023 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-22T19:05:22-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-23T00:05:22Z", "ms": 1458691522083.0356 } }, "covered_min": 147, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-23T16:38:49-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-23T21:38:49Z", "ms": 1458769129150.4368 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-23T19:06:29-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-24T00:06:29Z", "ms": 1458777988779.5044 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 148, "qualifies": false } ], "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "local_date": "2016-03-22", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 04:43 on Tue 22 Mar to 07:01 on Wed 23 Mar.", "fact": "2016-03-22T09:42:50Z → 2016-03-23T12:00:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:38–19:05 on the 22nd, 16:39–19:06 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 147 of 147 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 148 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34679 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Holī is kept the day after Holikā Dahana: Tuesday 22 March is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: holika-dahana + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holī, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 23 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holi", "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Holī 2016 falls on Wednesday 23 March. It is kept the day after Holikā Dahana, which falls on Tuesday 22 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 04:43 on Tue 22 Mar to 07:01 on Wed 23 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna on the 22nd.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/holi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vasantotsava", "festival": "vasantotsava", "name": "Vasantotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-03-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 760, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 15, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2016-03-23T07:00:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-23T12:00:50Z", "ms": 1458734450326.1582 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-24T09:30:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-24T14:30:18Z", "ms": 1458829818206.5276 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-03-23T07:00:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-23T12:00:50Z", "ms": 1458734450326.1582 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-24T09:30:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-24T14:30:18Z", "ms": 1458829818206.5276 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-23T06:48:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-23T11:48:11Z", "ms": 1458733690634.1665 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-23T06:48:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-23T11:48:11Z", "ms": 1458733690634.1665 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-24T06:46:28-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-24T11:46:28Z", "ms": 1458819987835.8262 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-24T06:46:28-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-24T11:46:28Z", "ms": 1458819987835.8262 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 07:01 on Wed 23 Mar to 09:30 on Thu 24 Mar.", "fact": "2016-03-23T12:00:50Z → 2016-03-24T14:30:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:48 on the 23rd and 06:46 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 23rd and is on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 760 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasantotsava, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 24 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasantotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 1 Vasantotsava (current at sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vasantotsava 2016 falls on Thursday 24 March. Pratipadā runs from 07:01 on Wed 23 Mar to 09:30 on Thu 24 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vasantotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-03-26", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-03-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22278, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-03-26T14:39:09-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-26T19:39:09Z", "ms": 1459021148725.8958 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-27T17:04:02-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-27T22:04:02Z", "ms": 1459116241663.24 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-03-26T14:39:09-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-26T19:39:09Z", "ms": 1459021148725.8958 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-27T17:04:02-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-27T22:04:02Z", "ms": 1459116241663.24 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-03-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-26T22:19:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-27T03:19:40Z", "ms": 1459048779613.054 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-26T22:19:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-27T03:19:40Z", "ms": 1459048779613.054 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-03-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-27T23:15:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-28T04:15:20Z", "ms": 1459138519785.8733 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-27T23:15:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-28T04:15:20Z", "ms": 1459138519785.8733 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:39 on Sat 26 Mar to 17:04 on Sun 27 Mar.", "fact": "2016-03-26T19:39:09Z → 2016-03-27T22:04:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:20 on the 26th and 23:15 on the 27th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 26th and is not on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22278 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 26 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2016 falls on Saturday 26 March. Caturthī runs from 14:39 on Sat 26 Mar to 17:04 on Sun 27 Mar and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-03-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shitalashtami", "festival": "shitalashtami", "name": "Śītalāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-03-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31172, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2016-03-30T21:58:45-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-31T02:58:45Z", "ms": 1459393125451.6194 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-31T22:24:01-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-01T03:24:01Z", "ms": 1459481041324.7632 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-03-30T21:58:45-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-31T02:58:45Z", "ms": 1459393125451.6194 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-31T22:24:01-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-01T03:24:01Z", "ms": 1459481041324.7632 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-03-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-30T12:31:13-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-30T17:31:13Z", "ms": 1459359073145.4531 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-30T13:19:13-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-30T18:19:13Z", "ms": 1459361953145.4531 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-03-31T12:30:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-31T17:30:55Z", "ms": 1459445455303.4487 }, "end": { "local": "2016-03-31T13:18:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-03-31T18:18:55Z", "ms": 1459448335303.4487 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 21:59 on Wed 30 Mar to 22:24 on Thu 31 Mar.", "fact": "2016-03-31T02:58:45Z → 2016-04-01T03:24:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:31–13:19 on the 30th, 12:31–13:19 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 31172 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalāṣṭamī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 31 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitalashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Sitalastami, (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-03-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śītalāṣṭamī 2016 falls on Thursday 31 March. Aṣṭamī runs from 21:59 on Wed 30 Mar to 22:24 on Thu 31 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shitalashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-04-03", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-04-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34288, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-04-02T20:57:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-03T01:57:59Z", "ms": 1459648679395.1013 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-03T19:07:33-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-04T00:07:33Z", "ms": 1459728453470.6719 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-04-02T20:57:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-03T01:57:59Z", "ms": 1459648679395.1013 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-03T19:07:33-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-04T00:07:33Z", "ms": 1459728453470.6719 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-04-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-03T06:29:27-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-03T11:29:27Z", "ms": 1459682967193.7507 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-03T06:29:27-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-03T11:29:27Z", "ms": 1459682967193.7507 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-04T06:27:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-04T11:27:47Z", "ms": 1459769266556.969 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-04T06:27:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-04T11:27:47Z", "ms": 1459769266556.969 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:58 on Sat 2 Apr to 19:08 on Sun 3 Apr.", "fact": "2016-04-03T01:57:59Z → 2016-04-04T00:07:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:29 on the 3rd and 06:28 on the 4th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 3rd and is not on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34288 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 3 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Sunday 3 April. Ekādaśī runs from 20:58 on Sat 2 Apr to 19:08 on Sun 3 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-04-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-04-04", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-04-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9739, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-04-04T16:37:25-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-04T21:37:25Z", "ms": 1459805845048.9587 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-05T13:34:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-05T18:34:19Z", "ms": 1459881258701.3184 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-04-04T16:37:25-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-04T21:37:25Z", "ms": 1459805845048.9587 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-05T13:34:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-05T18:34:19Z", "ms": 1459881258701.3184 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-04T19:19:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-05T00:19:44Z", "ms": 1459815584120.2534 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-04T20:48:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-05T01:48:35Z", "ms": 1459820915077.656 } }, "covered_min": 89, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-05T19:20:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-06T00:20:50Z", "ms": 1459902050268.9807 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-05T20:49:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-06T01:49:19Z", "ms": 1459907359093.5103 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 88, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:37 on Mon 4 Apr to 13:34 on Tue 5 Apr.", "fact": "2016-04-04T21:37:25Z → 2016-04-05T18:34:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:20–20:49 on the 4th, 19:21–20:49 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 89 of 89 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 88 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9739 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Monday 4 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Monday 4 April. Trayodaśī runs from 16:37 on Mon 4 Apr to 13:34 on Tue 5 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-04-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-04-05", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-04-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31796, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-04-05T13:34:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-05T18:34:19Z", "ms": 1459881258701.3184 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-06T10:06:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-06T15:06:35Z", "ms": 1459955194817.5771 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-04-05T13:34:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-05T18:34:19Z", "ms": 1459881258701.3184 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-06T10:06:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-06T15:06:35Z", "ms": 1459955194817.5771 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-05T00:28:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-05T05:28:55Z", "ms": 1459834135210.5127 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-05T01:16:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-05T06:16:55Z", "ms": 1459837015210.5127 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-06T00:28:38-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-06T05:28:38Z", "ms": 1459920518360.9663 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-06T01:16:38-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-06T06:16:38Z", "ms": 1459923398360.9663 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:34 on Tue 5 Apr to 10:07 on Wed 6 Apr.", "fact": "2016-04-05T18:34:19Z → 2016-04-06T15:06:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:29–01:17 on the 4th, 00:29–01:17 on the 5th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31796 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 5 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śivarātri 2016 falls on Tuesday 5 April. Caturdaśī runs from 13:34 on Tue 5 Apr to 10:07 on Wed 6 Apr and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-04-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "festival": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "name": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra)", "everyday": "Chaitra Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-04-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21915, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2016-04-07T06:23:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-07T11:23:39Z", "ms": 1460028219473.4395 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-08T02:35:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-08T07:35:39Z", "ms": 1460100938874.1892 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-04-07T06:23:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-07T11:23:39Z", "ms": 1460028219473.4395 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-08T02:35:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-08T07:35:39Z", "ms": 1460100938874.1892 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-07T12:28:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-07T17:28:55Z", "ms": 1460050134805.6562 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-07T13:16:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-07T18:16:55Z", "ms": 1460053014805.6562 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-08T12:28:38-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-08T17:28:38Z", "ms": 1460136518405.103 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-08T13:16:38-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-08T18:16:38Z", "ms": 1460139398405.103 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 06:24 on Thu 7 Apr to 02:36 on Fri 8 Apr.", "fact": "2016-04-07T11:23:39Z → 2016-04-08T07:35:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 7th, 12:29–13:17 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21915 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra), Chicago, 2016: Thursday 7 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Navarātrārambha (Caitra) (Chaitra Navratri) 2016 falls on Thursday 7 April. Pratipadā runs from 06:24 on Thu 7 Apr to 02:36 on Fri 8 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/gauri-tritiya", "festival": "gauri-tritiya", "name": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Gangaur", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-04-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22171, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2016-04-08T22:52:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-09T03:52:57Z", "ms": 1460173977018.9888 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-09T19:25:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-10T00:25:54Z", "ms": 1460247953562.9812 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-04-08T22:52:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-09T03:52:57Z", "ms": 1460173977018.9888 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-09T19:25:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-10T00:25:54Z", "ms": 1460247953562.9812 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-08T12:28:38-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-08T17:28:38Z", "ms": 1460136518405.103 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-08T13:16:38-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-08T18:16:38Z", "ms": 1460139398405.103 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-09T12:28:22-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-09T17:28:22Z", "ms": 1460222902246.4219 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-09T13:16:22-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-09T18:16:22Z", "ms": 1460225782246.4219 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 22:53 on Fri 8 Apr to 19:26 on Sat 9 Apr.", "fact": "2016-04-09T03:52:57Z → 2016-04-10T00:25:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 8th, 12:28–13:16 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22171 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 9 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gauri-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Gaurī Tṛtīyā (Gangaur) 2016 falls on Saturday 9 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 22:53 on Fri 8 Apr to 19:26 on Sat 9 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/gauri-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-04-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22171, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2016-04-08T22:52:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-09T03:52:57Z", "ms": 1460173977018.9888 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-09T19:25:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-10T00:25:54Z", "ms": 1460247953562.9812 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-04-08T22:52:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-09T03:52:57Z", "ms": 1460173977018.9888 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-09T19:25:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-10T00:25:54Z", "ms": 1460247953562.9812 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-08T12:28:38-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-08T17:28:38Z", "ms": 1460136518405.103 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-08T13:16:38-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-08T18:16:38Z", "ms": 1460139398405.103 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-09T12:28:22-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-09T17:28:22Z", "ms": 1460222902246.4219 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-09T13:16:22-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-09T18:16:22Z", "ms": 1460225782246.4219 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 22:53 on Fri 8 Apr to 19:26 on Sat 9 Apr.", "fact": "2016-04-09T03:52:57Z → 2016-04-10T00:25:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 8th, 12:28–13:16 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22171 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 9 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata 2016 falls on Saturday 9 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 22:53 on Fri 8 Apr to 19:26 on Sat 9 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-04-10", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-04-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11292, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-04-09T19:25:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-10T00:25:54Z", "ms": 1460247953562.9812 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-10T16:24:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-10T21:24:18Z", "ms": 1460323458311.2253 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-04-09T19:25:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-10T00:25:54Z", "ms": 1460247953562.9812 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-10T16:24:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-10T21:24:18Z", "ms": 1460323458311.2253 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-09T12:28:22-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-09T17:28:22Z", "ms": 1460222902246.4219 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-09T13:16:22-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-09T18:16:22Z", "ms": 1460225782246.4219 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-10T12:28:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-10T17:28:06Z", "ms": 1460309286341.757 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-10T13:16:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-10T18:16:06Z", "ms": 1460312166341.757 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:26 on Sat 9 Apr to 16:24 on Sun 10 Apr.", "fact": "2016-04-10T00:25:54Z → 2016-04-10T21:24:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 9th, 12:28–13:16 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11292 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 10 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vināyaka Caturthī 2016 falls on Sunday 10 April. Caturthī runs from 19:26 on Sat 9 Apr to 16:24 on Sun 10 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-04-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/lakshmi-panchami", "festival": "lakshmi-panchami", "name": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-04-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2469, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2016-04-10T16:24:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-10T21:24:18Z", "ms": 1460323458311.2253 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-11T13:56:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-11T18:56:59Z", "ms": 1460401019394.0881 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-04-10T16:24:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-10T21:24:18Z", "ms": 1460323458311.2253 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-11T13:56:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-11T18:56:59Z", "ms": 1460401019394.0881 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-10T12:28:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-10T17:28:06Z", "ms": 1460309286341.757 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-10T13:16:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-10T18:16:06Z", "ms": 1460312166341.757 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-11T12:27:51-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-11T17:27:51Z", "ms": 1460395670704.0234 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-11T13:15:51-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-11T18:15:51Z", "ms": 1460398550704.0234 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 16:24 on Sun 10 Apr to 13:57 on Mon 11 Apr.", "fact": "2016-04-10T21:24:18Z → 2016-04-11T18:56:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:28–13:16 on the 10th, 12:28–13:16 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 2469 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī, Chicago, 2016: Monday 11 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "lakshmi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri pancami or Laksmi pancami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Lakṣmī Pañcamī 2016 falls on Monday 11 April. Pañcamī runs from 16:24 on Sun 10 Apr to 13:57 on Mon 11 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/lakshmi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vaishakhi", "festival": "vaishakhi", "name": "Vaiśākhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11102, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 0, "key": "mesha", "name": "Meṣa", "start": { "local": "2016-04-13T09:18:03-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-13T14:18:03Z", "ms": 1460557083142.6938 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-14T06:11:43-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-14T11:11:43Z", "ms": 1463224302835.515 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2016-04-13T09:18:03-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-13T14:18:03Z", "ms": 1460557083142.6938 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-13T09:18:03-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-13T14:18:03Z", "ms": 1460557083142.6938 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-12T06:14:37-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-12T11:14:37Z", "ms": 1460459677446.3762 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-13T06:13:01-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-13T11:13:01Z", "ms": 1460545981221.391 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1438, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-13T06:13:01-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-13T11:13:01Z", "ms": 1460545981221.391 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-14T06:11:26-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-14T11:11:26Z", "ms": 1460632285632.827 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1438, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Meṣa at 09:18 on Wed 13 Apr.", "fact": "2016-04-13T14:18:03Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:15 on the 12th, and from 06:13 on the 13th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from sunrise. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunrise → only-day · margin 11102 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaiśākhī, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "vaishakhi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Mesadi — Cadaka puja (Bengal), Bahag Bihu (Assam), Cheiraoba (Manipur), Visu (T. C. State), Vaisakhi (on the samkramana day commencing from sunrise)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The other names in the row (Cadaka puja, Bahag Bihu, Cheiraoba, Visu) are regional observances and wait with the regional rows.", "rashi": "Meṣa", "day_from": "sunrise" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2016-04-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "2016-04-13", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vaiśākhī 2016 falls on Wednesday 13 April. The Sun enters Meṣa at 09:18 on Wed 13 Apr, and the rule counts the day from sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vaishakhi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/bhavani-utpatti", "festival": "bhavani-utpatti", "name": "Bhavānī Utpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4564, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2016-04-13T11:11:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-13T16:11:16Z", "ms": 1460563876499.8223 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-14T10:59:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-14T15:59:17Z", "ms": 1460649556691.092 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-04-13T11:11:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-13T16:11:16Z", "ms": 1460563876499.8223 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-14T10:59:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-14T15:59:17Z", "ms": 1460649556691.092 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-13T12:27:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-13T17:27:20Z", "ms": 1460568440285.7761 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-13T13:15:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-13T18:15:20Z", "ms": 1460571320285.7761 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-14T12:27:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-14T17:27:06Z", "ms": 1460654825535.588 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-14T13:15:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-14T18:15:06Z", "ms": 1460657705535.588 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 11:11 on Wed 13 Apr to 10:59 on Thu 14 Apr.", "fact": "2016-04-13T16:11:16Z → 2016-04-14T15:59:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:27–13:15 on the 13th, 12:27–13:15 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4564 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhavānī Utpatti, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhavani-utpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Annapurna puja (Beng.) (paraviddha), Bhavani-utpatti (paraviddha), Asokastami (Special when combined with naks. Punarvasu and Wednesday, after mid-day)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Bhavānī Utpatti 2016 falls on Wednesday 13 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 11:11 on Wed 13 Apr to 10:59 on Thu 14 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/bhavani-utpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/rama-navami", "festival": "rama-navami", "name": "Rāma Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-04-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3211, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2016-04-14T10:59:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-14T15:59:17Z", "ms": 1460649556691.092 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-15T11:33:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-15T16:33:20Z", "ms": 1460737999972.331 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-04-14T10:59:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-14T15:59:17Z", "ms": 1460649556691.092 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-15T11:33:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-15T16:33:20Z", "ms": 1460737999972.331 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-14T12:27:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-14T17:27:06Z", "ms": 1460654825535.588 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-14T13:15:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-14T18:15:06Z", "ms": 1460657705535.588 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-15T12:26:51-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-15T17:26:51Z", "ms": 1460741211112.5527 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-15T13:14:51-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-15T18:14:51Z", "ms": 1460744091112.5527 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 10:59 on Thu 14 Apr to 11:33 on Fri 15 Apr.", "fact": "2016-04-14T15:59:17Z → 2016-04-15T16:33:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:27–13:15 on the 14th, 12:27–13:15 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3211 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāma Navamī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 14 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rama-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Ramanavami (madhyahnavyapini, special with Punarvasu naks.), Rama jayanti." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special when it falls with Punarvasu nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-14", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Rāma Navamī 2016 falls on Thursday 14 April. Navamī runs from 10:59 on Thu 14 Apr to 11:33 on Fri 15 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/rama-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-04-17", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-04-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24007, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-04-16T12:48:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-16T17:48:23Z", "ms": 1460828903008.5598 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-17T14:36:46-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-17T19:36:46Z", "ms": 1460921805753.3547 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-04-16T12:48:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-16T17:48:23Z", "ms": 1460828903008.5598 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-17T14:36:46-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-17T19:36:46Z", "ms": 1460921805753.3547 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-16T06:08:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-16T11:08:16Z", "ms": 1460804896495.2517 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-16T06:08:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-16T11:08:16Z", "ms": 1460804896495.2517 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-04-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-17T06:06:43-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-17T11:06:43Z", "ms": 1460891203012.5317 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-17T06:06:43-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-17T11:06:43Z", "ms": 1460891203012.5317 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:48 on Sat 16 Apr to 14:37 on Sun 17 Apr.", "fact": "2016-04-16T17:48:23Z → 2016-04-17T19:36:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:08 on the 16th and 06:07 on the 17th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 16th and is on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24007 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 17 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kāmadā Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Sunday 17 April. Ekādaśī runs from 12:48 on Sat 16 Apr to 14:37 on Sun 17 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-04-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-04-18", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-04-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1169, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-04-18T16:49:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-18T21:49:20Z", "ms": 1461016160252.3723 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-19T19:16:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-20T00:16:47Z", "ms": 1461111406863.4854 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-04-18T16:49:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-18T21:49:20Z", "ms": 1461016160252.3723 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-19T19:16:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-20T00:16:47Z", "ms": 1461111406863.4854 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-04-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-18T19:35:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-19T00:35:10Z", "ms": 1461026109641.033 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-18T20:58:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-19T01:58:57Z", "ms": 1461031137473.8828 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-04-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-19T19:36:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-20T00:36:16Z", "ms": 1461112575650.437 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-19T20:59:43-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-20T01:59:43Z", "ms": 1461117582538.7795 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:49 on Mon 18 Apr to 19:17 on Tue 19 Apr.", "fact": "2016-04-18T21:49:20Z → 2016-04-20T00:16:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:35–20:59 on the 18th, 19:36–21:00 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 84 of 84 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 83 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1169 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Monday 18 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Monday 18 April. Trayodaśī runs from 16:49 on Mon 18 Apr to 19:17 on Tue 19 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-04-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ananga-trayodashi", "festival": "ananga-trayodashi", "name": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-04-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12910, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-04-18T16:49:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-18T21:49:20Z", "ms": 1461016160252.3723 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-19T19:16:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-20T00:16:47Z", "ms": 1461111406863.4854 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-04-18T16:49:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-18T21:49:20Z", "ms": 1461016160252.3723 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-19T19:16:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-20T00:16:47Z", "ms": 1461111406863.4854 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-04-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-18T12:26:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-18T17:26:10Z", "ms": 1461000369969.826 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-18T13:14:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-18T18:14:10Z", "ms": 1461003249969.826 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-04-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-19T12:25:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-19T17:25:57Z", "ms": 1461086757018.9224 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-19T13:13:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-19T18:13:57Z", "ms": 1461089637018.9224 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:49 on Mon 18 Apr to 19:17 on Tue 19 Apr.", "fact": "2016-04-18T21:49:20Z → 2016-04-20T00:16:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:26–13:14 on the 18th, 12:26–13:14 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 48 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 12910 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 19 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananga-trayodashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 13 Ananga trayodasi (purvaviddha), Mahavira jayanti (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Anaṅga Trayodaśī 2016 falls on Tuesday 19 April. Trayodaśī runs from 16:49 on Mon 18 Apr to 19:17 on Tue 19 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ananga-trayodashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "festival": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "name": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-04-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21770, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-04-19T19:16:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-20T00:16:47Z", "ms": 1461111406863.4854 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-20T21:50:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-21T02:50:35Z", "ms": 1461207035340.6724 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-04-19T19:16:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-20T00:16:47Z", "ms": 1461111406863.4854 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-20T21:50:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-21T02:50:35Z", "ms": 1461207035340.6724 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-04-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-19T12:25:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-19T17:25:57Z", "ms": 1461086757018.9224 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-19T13:13:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-19T18:13:57Z", "ms": 1461089637018.9224 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-20T12:25:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-20T17:25:44Z", "ms": 1461173144476.5972 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-20T13:13:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-20T18:13:44Z", "ms": 1461176024476.5972 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:17 on Tue 19 Apr to 21:51 on Wed 20 Apr.", "fact": "2016-04-20T00:16:47Z → 2016-04-21T02:50:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:26–13:14 on the 19th, 12:26–13:14 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21770 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 20 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Madanabhanji, (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Sivadamanaka caturdasi, Visnudamanaka caturdasi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī 2016 falls on Wednesday 20 April. Caturdaśī runs from 19:17 on Tue 19 Apr to 21:51 on Wed 20 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/chaitri-purnima", "festival": "chaitri-purnima", "name": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-04-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31011, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2016-04-20T21:50:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-21T02:50:35Z", "ms": 1461207035340.6724 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-22T00:23:36-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-22T05:23:36Z", "ms": 1461302615883.3477 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-04-20T21:50:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-21T02:50:35Z", "ms": 1461207035340.6724 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-22T00:23:36-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-22T05:23:36Z", "ms": 1461302615883.3477 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-20T12:25:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-20T17:25:44Z", "ms": 1461173144476.5972 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-20T13:13:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-20T18:13:44Z", "ms": 1461176024476.5972 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-21T12:25:32-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-21T17:25:32Z", "ms": 1461259532358.588 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-21T13:13:32-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-21T18:13:32Z", "ms": 1461262412358.588 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 21:51 on Wed 20 Apr to 00:24 on Fri 22 Apr.", "fact": "2016-04-21T02:50:35Z → 2016-04-22T05:23:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:26–13:14 on the 20th, 12:26–13:14 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31011 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 21 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chaitri-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Caitri purnima (paraviddha), Hanumat jayanti, Oli ending (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Caitrī Pūrṇimā 2016 falls on Thursday 21 April. Pūrṇimā runs from 21:51 on Wed 20 Apr to 00:24 on Fri 22 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/chaitri-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-04-25", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-04-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32283, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-04-25T07:03:27-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-25T12:03:27Z", "ms": 1461585806500.9778 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-26T08:41:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-26T13:41:18Z", "ms": 1461678077945.139 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-04-25T07:03:27-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-25T12:03:27Z", "ms": 1461585806500.9778 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-26T08:41:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-26T13:41:18Z", "ms": 1461678077945.139 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-04-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-24T22:05:24-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-25T03:05:24Z", "ms": 1461553523939.8757 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-24T22:05:24-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-25T03:05:24Z", "ms": 1461553523939.8757 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-04-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-04-25T22:59:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-26T03:59:10Z", "ms": 1461643149764.9238 }, "end": { "local": "2016-04-25T22:59:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-04-26T03:59:10Z", "ms": 1461643149764.9238 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:03 on Mon 25 Apr to 08:41 on Tue 26 Apr.", "fact": "2016-04-25T12:03:27Z → 2016-04-26T13:41:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:05 on the 24th and 22:59 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32283 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Monday 25 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-04-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2016 falls on Monday 25 April. Caturthī runs from 07:03 on Mon 25 Apr to 08:41 on Tue 26 Apr and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-04-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-05-02", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-05-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4443, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-05-02T06:59:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-02T11:59:15Z", "ms": 1462190355196.5237 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-03T04:28:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-03T09:28:23Z", "ms": 1462267702850.798 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-05-02T06:59:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-02T11:59:15Z", "ms": 1462190355196.5237 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-03T04:28:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-03T09:28:23Z", "ms": 1462267702850.798 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-05-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-02T05:45:12-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-02T10:45:12Z", "ms": 1462185912275.5417 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-02T05:45:12-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-02T10:45:12Z", "ms": 1462185912275.5417 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-05-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-03T05:43:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-03T10:43:55Z", "ms": 1462272235220.886 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-03T05:43:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-03T10:43:55Z", "ms": 1462272235220.886 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:59 on Mon 2 May to 04:28 on Tue 3 May.", "fact": "2016-05-02T11:59:15Z → 2016-05-03T09:28:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:45 on the 2nd and 05:44 on the 3rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 2nd and is not on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 4443 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Monday 2 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Varūthinī Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Monday 2 May. Ekādaśī runs from 06:59 on Mon 2 May to 04:28 on Tue 3 May, and is current at sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-05-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-05-04", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-05-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2881, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-05-04T01:25:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-04T06:25:55Z", "ms": 1462343154672.5898 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-04T21:59:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-05T02:59:10Z", "ms": 1462417150205.4514 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-05-04T01:25:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-04T06:25:55Z", "ms": 1462343154672.5898 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-04T21:59:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-05T02:59:10Z", "ms": 1462417150205.4514 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-05-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-03T19:51:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-04T00:51:35Z", "ms": 1462323094743.3464 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-03T21:10:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-04T02:10:23Z", "ms": 1462327823374.7397 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 79, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-05-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-04T19:52:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-05T00:52:40Z", "ms": 1462409559549.1667 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-04T21:11:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-05T02:11:10Z", "ms": 1462414269619.7507 } }, "covered_min": 79, "window_min": 79, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 01:26 on Wed 4 May to 21:59 on Wed 4 May.", "fact": "2016-05-04T06:25:55Z → 2016-05-05T02:59:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:52–21:10 on the 3rd, 19:53–21:11 on the 4th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 79 minutes on the 3rd and 79 of 79 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2881 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 4 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Wednesday 4 May. Trayodaśī runs from 01:26 on Wed 4 May to 21:59 on Wed 4 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-05-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-05-04", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-05-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8632, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-05-04T21:59:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-05T02:59:10Z", "ms": 1462417150205.4514 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-05T18:17:02-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-05T23:17:02Z", "ms": 1462490222076.2144 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-05-04T21:59:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-05T02:59:10Z", "ms": 1462417150205.4514 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-05T18:17:02-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-05T23:17:02Z", "ms": 1462490222076.2144 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-05-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-05T00:23:02-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-05T05:23:02Z", "ms": 1462425782313.8564 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-05T01:11:02-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-05T06:11:02Z", "ms": 1462428662313.8564 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-06T00:22:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-06T05:22:58Z", "ms": 1462512178090.514 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-06T01:10:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-06T06:10:58Z", "ms": 1462515058090.514 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 21:59 on Wed 4 May to 18:17 on Thu 5 May.", "fact": "2016-05-05T02:59:10Z → 2016-05-05T23:17:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:23–01:11 on the 4th, 00:23–01:11 on the 5th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8632 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 4 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śivarātri 2016 falls on Wednesday 4 May. Caturdaśī runs from 21:59 on Wed 4 May to 18:17 on Thu 5 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-05-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/akshaya-tritiya", "festival": "akshaya-tritiya", "name": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-05-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4462, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2016-05-08T07:21:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-08T12:21:19Z", "ms": 1462710078792.2502 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-09T04:22:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-09T09:22:20Z", "ms": 1462785739647.1272 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-05-08T07:21:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-08T12:21:19Z", "ms": 1462710078792.2502 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-09T04:22:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-09T09:22:20Z", "ms": 1462785739647.1272 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-08T05:37:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-08T10:37:50Z", "ms": 1462703870205.5225 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-08T10:24:12-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-08T15:24:12Z", "ms": 1462721052215.8318 } }, "covered_min": 183, "window_min": 286, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-09T05:36:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-09T10:36:41Z", "ms": 1462790201448.1677 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-09T10:23:48-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-09T15:23:48Z", "ms": 1462807427501.7646 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 287, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 07:21 on Sun 8 May to 04:22 on Mon 9 May.", "fact": "2016-05-08T12:21:19Z → 2016-05-09T09:22:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:38–10:24 on the 8th, 05:37–10:24 on the 9th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 183 of 286 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 287 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4462 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 8 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Rohiṇī nakṣatra and a Wednesday; neither is tested.", "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Akṣaya Tṛtīyā 2016 falls on Sunday 8 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 07:21 on Sun 8 May to 04:22 on Mon 9 May and covers 183 of 286 minutes of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/akshaya-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/parashurama-jayanti", "festival": "parashurama-jayanti", "name": "Paraśurāma Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-05-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25685, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2016-05-08T07:21:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-08T12:21:19Z", "ms": 1462710078792.2502 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-09T04:22:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-09T09:22:20Z", "ms": 1462785739647.1272 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-05-08T07:21:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-08T12:21:19Z", "ms": 1462710078792.2502 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-09T04:22:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-09T09:22:20Z", "ms": 1462785739647.1272 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-07T19:55:53-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-08T00:55:53Z", "ms": 1462668952509.87 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-07T21:13:28-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-08T02:13:28Z", "ms": 1462673608202.6238 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-08T19:56:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-09T00:56:56Z", "ms": 1462755416236.4502 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-08T21:14:14-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-09T02:14:14Z", "ms": 1462760054264.6792 } }, "covered_min": 77, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 07:21 on Sun 8 May to 04:22 on Mon 9 May.", "fact": "2016-05-08T12:21:19Z → 2016-05-09T09:22:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:56–21:13 on the 7th, 19:57–21:14 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 78 minutes on the 7th and 77 of 77 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25685 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Jayantī, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 8 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Paraśurāma Jayantī 2016 falls on Sunday 8 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 07:21 on Sun 8 May to 04:22 on Mon 9 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/parashurama-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-05-09", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-05-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28861, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-05-09T04:22:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-09T09:22:20Z", "ms": 1462785739647.1272 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-10T02:00:08-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-10T07:00:08Z", "ms": 1462863608159.8784 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-05-09T04:22:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-09T09:22:20Z", "ms": 1462785739647.1272 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-10T02:00:08-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-10T07:00:08Z", "ms": 1462863608159.8784 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-09T12:23:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-09T17:23:21Z", "ms": 1462814600528.5632 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-09T13:11:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-09T18:11:21Z", "ms": 1462817480528.5632 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-10T12:23:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-10T17:23:18Z", "ms": 1462900998381.8618 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-10T13:11:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-10T18:11:18Z", "ms": 1462903878381.8618 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:22 on Mon 9 May to 02:00 on Tue 10 May.", "fact": "2016-05-09T09:22:20Z → 2016-05-10T07:00:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 9th, 12:23–13:11 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28861 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Monday 9 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vināyaka Caturthī 2016 falls on Monday 9 May. Caturthī runs from 04:22 on Mon 9 May to 02:00 on Tue 10 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-05-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shankara-jayanti", "festival": "shankara-jayanti", "name": "Śaṅkara Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-05-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37390, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2016-05-10T02:00:08-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-10T07:00:08Z", "ms": 1462863608159.8784 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-11T00:22:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-11T05:22:50Z", "ms": 1462944169994.4614 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-05-10T02:00:08-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-10T07:00:08Z", "ms": 1462863608159.8784 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-11T00:22:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-11T05:22:50Z", "ms": 1462944169994.4614 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-10T12:23:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-10T17:23:18Z", "ms": 1462900998381.8618 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-10T13:11:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-10T18:11:18Z", "ms": 1462903878381.8618 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-11T12:23:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-11T17:23:17Z", "ms": 1462987396778.2822 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-11T13:11:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-11T18:11:17Z", "ms": 1462990276778.2822 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 02:00 on Tue 10 May to 00:23 on Wed 11 May.", "fact": "2016-05-10T07:00:08Z → 2016-05-11T05:22:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 10th, 12:23–13:11 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37390 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śaṅkara Jayantī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 10 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shankara-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sankara jayanti." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śaṅkara Jayantī 2016 falls on Tuesday 10 May. Pañcamī runs from 02:00 on Tue 10 May to 00:23 on Wed 11 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shankara-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/gangotpatti", "festival": "gangotpatti", "name": "Gaṅgotpatti", "everyday": "Ganga Saptami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-05-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37472, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2016-05-11T23:35:49-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-12T04:35:49Z", "ms": 1463027748806.001 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-12T23:40:48-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-13T04:40:48Z", "ms": 1463114447635.5015 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-05-11T23:35:49-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-12T04:35:49Z", "ms": 1463027748806.001 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-12T23:40:48-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-13T04:40:48Z", "ms": 1463114447635.5015 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-11T12:23:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-11T17:23:17Z", "ms": 1462987396778.2822 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-11T13:11:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-11T18:11:17Z", "ms": 1462990276778.2822 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-05-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-12T12:23:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-12T17:23:16Z", "ms": 1463073795715.7324 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-12T13:11:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-12T18:11:16Z", "ms": 1463076675715.7324 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 23:36 on Wed 11 May to 23:41 on Thu 12 May.", "fact": "2016-05-12T04:35:49Z → 2016-05-13T04:40:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 11th, 12:23–13:11 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 37472 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṅgotpatti, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 12 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gangotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 2016 falls on Thursday 12 May. Saptamī runs from 23:36 on Wed 11 May to 23:41 on Thu 12 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/gangotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-05-17", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mohinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-05-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4152, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-05-16T04:20:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-16T09:20:11Z", "ms": 1463390411133.498 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-17T06:47:51-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-17T11:47:51Z", "ms": 1463485671260.6187 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-05-16T04:20:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-16T09:20:11Z", "ms": 1463390411133.498 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-17T06:47:51-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-17T11:47:51Z", "ms": 1463485671260.6187 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-16T05:29:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-16T10:29:23Z", "ms": 1463394563278.4683 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-16T05:29:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-16T10:29:23Z", "ms": 1463394563278.4683 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-17T05:28:27-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-17T10:28:27Z", "ms": 1463480907207.997 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-17T05:28:27-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-17T10:28:27Z", "ms": 1463480907207.997 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:20 on Mon 16 May to 06:48 on Tue 17 May.", "fact": "2016-05-16T09:20:11Z → 2016-05-17T11:47:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:29 on the 16th and 05:28 on the 17th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 16th and is on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both sunrises qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 4152 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mohinī Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 17 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Mohinī Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Tuesday 17 May. Ekādaśī runs from 04:20 on Mon 16 May to 06:48 on Tue 17 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-05-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/parashurama-dvadashi", "festival": "parashurama-dvadashi", "name": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-05-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10857, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-05-17T06:47:51-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-17T11:47:51Z", "ms": 1463485671260.6187 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-18T09:22:24-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-18T14:22:24Z", "ms": 1463581344042.613 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-05-17T06:47:51-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-17T11:47:51Z", "ms": 1463485671260.6187 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-18T09:22:24-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-18T14:22:24Z", "ms": 1463581344042.613 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-17T12:23:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-17T17:23:18Z", "ms": 1463505798454.732 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-17T13:11:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-17T18:11:18Z", "ms": 1463508678454.732 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-05-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-18T12:23:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-18T17:23:21Z", "ms": 1463592200597.7107 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-18T13:11:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-18T18:11:21Z", "ms": 1463595080597.7107 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 06:48 on Tue 17 May to 09:22 on Wed 18 May.", "fact": "2016-05-17T11:47:51Z → 2016-05-18T14:22:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 17th, 12:23–13:11 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 10857 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 17 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Paraśurāma Dvādaśī 2016 falls on Tuesday 17 May. Dvādaśī runs from 06:48 on Tue 17 May to 09:22 on Wed 18 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/parashurama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/rukmini-dvadashi", "festival": "rukmini-dvadashi", "name": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-05-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10857, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-05-17T06:47:51-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-17T11:47:51Z", "ms": 1463485671260.6187 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-18T09:22:24-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-18T14:22:24Z", "ms": 1463581344042.613 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-05-17T06:47:51-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-17T11:47:51Z", "ms": 1463485671260.6187 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-18T09:22:24-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-18T14:22:24Z", "ms": 1463581344042.613 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-17T12:23:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-17T17:23:18Z", "ms": 1463505798454.732 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-17T13:11:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-17T18:11:18Z", "ms": 1463508678454.732 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-05-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-18T12:23:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-18T17:23:21Z", "ms": 1463592200597.7107 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-18T13:11:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-18T18:11:21Z", "ms": 1463595080597.7107 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 06:48 on Tue 17 May to 09:22 on Wed 18 May.", "fact": "2016-05-17T11:47:51Z → 2016-05-18T14:22:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 17th, 12:23–13:11 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 10857 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 17 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rukmini-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī 2016 falls on Tuesday 17 May. Dvādaśī runs from 06:48 on Tue 17 May to 09:22 on Wed 18 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/rukmini-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-05-18", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-05-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29695, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-05-18T09:22:24-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-18T14:22:24Z", "ms": 1463581344042.613 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-19T11:53:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-19T16:53:11Z", "ms": 1463676791113.4148 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-05-18T09:22:24-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-18T14:22:24Z", "ms": 1463581344042.613 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-19T11:53:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-19T16:53:11Z", "ms": 1463676791113.4148 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-05-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-18T20:07:08-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-19T01:07:08Z", "ms": 1463620028336.564 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-18T21:21:45-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-19T02:21:45Z", "ms": 1463624504593.0369 } }, "covered_min": 75, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-19T20:08:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-20T01:08:06Z", "ms": 1463706486271.1797 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-19T21:22:28-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-20T02:22:28Z", "ms": 1463710948027.062 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 74, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 09:22 on Wed 18 May to 11:53 on Thu 19 May.", "fact": "2016-05-18T14:22:24Z → 2016-05-19T16:53:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:07–21:22 on the 18th, 20:08–21:22 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 75 of 75 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 74 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29695 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 18 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Wednesday 18 May. Trayodaśī runs from 09:22 on Wed 18 May to 11:53 on Thu 19 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-05-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "festival": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "name": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Narasimha Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-05-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21408, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-05-19T11:53:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-19T16:53:11Z", "ms": 1463676791113.4148 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-20T14:12:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-20T19:12:15Z", "ms": 1463771535172.6172 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-05-19T11:53:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-19T16:53:11Z", "ms": 1463676791113.4148 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-20T14:12:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-20T19:12:15Z", "ms": 1463771535172.6172 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-19T20:08:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-20T01:08:06Z", "ms": 1463706486271.1797 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-19T21:22:28-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-20T02:22:28Z", "ms": 1463710948027.062 } }, "covered_min": 74, "window_min": 74, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-20T20:09:03-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-21T01:09:03Z", "ms": 1463792943469.0635 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-20T21:23:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-21T02:23:11Z", "ms": 1463797391063.5042 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 74, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 11:53 on Thu 19 May to 14:12 on Fri 20 May.", "fact": "2016-05-19T16:53:11Z → 2016-05-20T19:12:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:08–21:22 on the 19th, 20:09–21:23 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 74 of 74 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 74 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21408 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 19 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Nrsimha caturdasi (pradosa vyapini — if it occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed, special when combined with naksatra 'Svati', yoga 'Siddhi' and 'Saturday')." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Svātī nakṣatra, Siddhi yoga and a Saturday; none is tested.", "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī (Narasimha Jayanti) 2016 falls on Thursday 19 May. Caturdaśī runs from 11:53 on Thu 19 May to 14:12 on Fri 20 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/buddha-purnima", "festival": "buddha-purnima", "name": "Buddha Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-05-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3649, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2016-05-20T14:12:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-20T19:12:15Z", "ms": 1463771535172.6172 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-21T16:14:25-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-21T21:14:25Z", "ms": 1463865265298.2458 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-05-20T14:12:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-20T19:12:15Z", "ms": 1463771535172.6172 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-21T16:14:25-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-21T21:14:25Z", "ms": 1463865265298.2458 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-20T12:23:26-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-20T17:23:26Z", "ms": 1463765006454.68 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-20T13:11:26-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-20T18:11:26Z", "ms": 1463767886454.68 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-05-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-21T12:23:30-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-21T17:23:30Z", "ms": 1463851410160.4043 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-21T13:11:30-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-21T18:11:30Z", "ms": 1463854290160.4043 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 14:12 on Fri 20 May to 16:14 on Sat 21 May.", "fact": "2016-05-20T19:12:15Z → 2016-05-21T21:14:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 20th, 12:24–13:12 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3649 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Buddha Pūrṇimā, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 21 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "buddha-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-21", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Buddha Pūrṇimā 2016 falls on Saturday 21 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 14:12 on Fri 20 May to 16:14 on Sat 21 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/buddha-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/sampat-gauri-vrata", "festival": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "name": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-05-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3649, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2016-05-20T14:12:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-20T19:12:15Z", "ms": 1463771535172.6172 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-21T16:14:25-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-21T21:14:25Z", "ms": 1463865265298.2458 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-05-20T14:12:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-20T19:12:15Z", "ms": 1463771535172.6172 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-21T16:14:25-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-21T21:14:25Z", "ms": 1463865265298.2458 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-20T12:23:26-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-20T17:23:26Z", "ms": 1463765006454.68 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-20T13:11:26-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-20T18:11:26Z", "ms": 1463767886454.68 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-05-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-21T12:23:30-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-21T17:23:30Z", "ms": 1463851410160.4043 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-21T13:11:30-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-21T18:11:30Z", "ms": 1463854290160.4043 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 14:12 on Fri 20 May to 16:14 on Sat 21 May.", "fact": "2016-05-20T19:12:15Z → 2016-05-21T21:14:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:23–13:11 on the 20th, 12:24–13:12 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3649 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 21 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-21", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Sampat Gaurī Vrata 2016 falls on Saturday 21 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 14:12 on Fri 20 May to 16:14 on Sat 21 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/sampat-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-05-24", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-05-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8525, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-05-24T20:15:46-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-25T01:15:46Z", "ms": 1464138945917.8442 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-25T20:50:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-26T01:50:00Z", "ms": 1464227399939.7915 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-05-24T20:15:46-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-25T01:15:46Z", "ms": 1464138945917.8442 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-25T20:50:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-26T01:50:00Z", "ms": 1464227399939.7915 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-05-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-24T22:37:51-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-25T03:37:51Z", "ms": 1464147470687.1199 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-24T22:37:51-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-25T03:37:51Z", "ms": 1464147470687.1199 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-25T23:23:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-26T04:23:55Z", "ms": 1464236634918.2185 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-25T23:23:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-26T04:23:55Z", "ms": 1464236634918.2185 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:16 on Tue 24 May to 20:50 on Wed 25 May.", "fact": "2016-05-25T01:15:46Z → 2016-05-26T01:50:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:38 on the 24th and 23:24 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 24th and is not on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8525 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 24 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2016 falls on Tuesday 24 May. Caturthī runs from 20:16 on Tue 24 May to 20:50 on Wed 25 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-05-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-06-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Aparā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-06-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21712, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-05-31T14:09:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-31T19:09:55Z", "ms": 1464721794934.8962 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-01T11:20:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-01T16:20:00Z", "ms": 1464797999902.9722 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-05-31T14:09:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-31T19:09:55Z", "ms": 1464721794934.8962 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-01T11:20:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-01T16:20:00Z", "ms": 1464797999902.9722 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-05-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-05-31T05:18:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-31T10:18:35Z", "ms": 1464689915231.0195 }, "end": { "local": "2016-05-31T05:18:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-05-31T10:18:35Z", "ms": 1464689915231.0195 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-06-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-01T05:18:08-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-01T10:18:08Z", "ms": 1464776287670.2764 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-01T05:18:08-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-01T10:18:08Z", "ms": 1464776287670.2764 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:10 on Tue 31 May to 11:20 on Wed 1 Jun.", "fact": "2016-05-31T19:09:55Z → 2016-06-01T16:20:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:19 on the 31st and 05:18 on the 1st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 31st and is on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21712 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aparā Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 1 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Aparā Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Wednesday 1 June. Ekādaśī runs from 14:10 on Tue 31 May to 11:20 on Wed 1 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-06-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-06-02", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-06-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26099, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-06-02T08:09:42-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-02T13:09:42Z", "ms": 1464872981841.9824 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-03T04:46:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-03T09:46:40Z", "ms": 1464947199869.5942 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-06-02T08:09:42-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-02T13:09:42Z", "ms": 1464872981841.9824 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-03T04:46:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-03T09:46:40Z", "ms": 1464947199869.5942 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-06-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-01T20:19:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-02T01:19:18Z", "ms": 1464830358284.0496 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-01T21:31:05-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-02T02:31:05Z", "ms": 1464834665467.6787 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 72, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-06-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-02T20:20:02-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-03T01:20:02Z", "ms": 1464916802284.9524 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-02T21:31:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-03T02:31:40Z", "ms": 1464921100475.0269 } }, "covered_min": 72, "window_min": 72, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:10 on Thu 2 Jun to 04:47 on Fri 3 Jun.", "fact": "2016-06-02T13:09:42Z → 2016-06-03T09:46:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:19–21:31 on the 1st, 20:20–21:32 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 72 minutes on the 1st and 72 of 72 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26099 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 2 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Thursday 2 June. Trayodaśī runs from 08:10 on Thu 2 Jun to 04:47 on Fri 3 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-06-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-06-03", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-06-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 426, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-06-03T04:46:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-03T09:46:40Z", "ms": 1464947199869.5942 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-04T01:19:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-04T06:19:57Z", "ms": 1465021197290.9387 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-06-03T04:46:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-03T09:46:40Z", "ms": 1464947199869.5942 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-04T01:19:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-04T06:19:57Z", "ms": 1465021197290.9387 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-06-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-03T00:24:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-03T05:24:40Z", "ms": 1464931480497.7314 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-03T01:12:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-03T06:12:40Z", "ms": 1464934360497.7314 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-06-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-04T00:24:51-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-04T05:24:51Z", "ms": 1465017891141.0598 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-04T01:12:51-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-04T06:12:51Z", "ms": 1465020771141.0598 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 04:47 on Fri 3 Jun to 01:20 on Sat 4 Jun.", "fact": "2016-06-03T09:46:40Z → 2016-06-04T06:19:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:25–01:13 on the 2nd, 00:25–01:13 on the 3rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 426 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Chicago, 2016: Friday 3 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śivarātri 2016 falls on Friday 3 June. Caturdaśī runs from 04:47 on Fri 3 Jun to 01:20 on Sat 4 Jun and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-06-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/rambha-tritiya", "festival": "rambha-tritiya", "name": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-06-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3995, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2016-06-06T16:19:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-06T21:19:47Z", "ms": 1465247987041.6155 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-07T14:20:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-07T19:20:18Z", "ms": 1465327218252.7603 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-06-06T16:19:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-06T21:19:47Z", "ms": 1465247987041.6155 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-07T14:20:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-07T19:20:18Z", "ms": 1465327218252.7603 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-06T12:25:33-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-06T17:25:33Z", "ms": 1465233932638.0706 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-06T13:13:33-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-06T18:13:33Z", "ms": 1465236812638.0706 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-07T12:25:43-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-07T17:25:43Z", "ms": 1465320343478.4956 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-07T13:13:43-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-07T18:13:43Z", "ms": 1465323223478.4956 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 16:20 on Mon 6 Jun to 14:20 on Tue 7 Jun.", "fact": "2016-06-06T21:19:47Z → 2016-06-07T19:20:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:26–13:14 on the 6th, 12:26–13:14 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3995 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 7 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rambha-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Rambha trtiya (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-07", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Rambhā Tṛtīyā 2016 falls on Tuesday 7 June. Tṛtīyā runs from 16:20 on Mon 6 Jun to 14:20 on Tue 7 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/rambha-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-06-08", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-06-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 507, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-06-07T14:20:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-07T19:20:18Z", "ms": 1465327218252.7603 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-08T13:05:27-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-08T18:05:27Z", "ms": 1465409127278.2498 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-06-07T14:20:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-07T19:20:18Z", "ms": 1465327218252.7603 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-08T13:05:27-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-08T18:05:27Z", "ms": 1465409127278.2498 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-07T12:25:43-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-07T17:25:43Z", "ms": 1465320343478.4956 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-07T13:13:43-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-07T18:13:43Z", "ms": 1465323223478.4956 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-06-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-08T12:25:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-08T17:25:55Z", "ms": 1465406754564.8237 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-08T13:13:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-08T18:13:55Z", "ms": 1465409634564.8237 } }, "covered_min": 40, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:20 on Tue 7 Jun to 13:05 on Wed 8 Jun.", "fact": "2016-06-07T19:20:18Z → 2016-06-08T18:05:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:26–13:14 on the 7th, 12:26–13:14 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 40 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 507 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 8 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-08", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vināyaka Caturthī 2016 falls on Wednesday 8 June. Caturthī runs from 14:20 on Tue 7 Jun to 13:05 on Wed 8 Jun and covers 40 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-06-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "festival": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-06-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 513, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2016-06-09T12:40:14-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-09T17:40:14Z", "ms": 1465494014292.3484 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-10T13:05:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-10T18:05:44Z", "ms": 1465581944314.1257 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-06-09T12:40:14-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-09T17:40:14Z", "ms": 1465494014292.3484 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-10T13:05:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-10T18:05:44Z", "ms": 1465581944314.1257 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-06-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-09T12:26:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-09T17:26:06Z", "ms": 1465493165873.7017 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-09T13:14:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-09T18:14:06Z", "ms": 1465496045873.7017 } }, "covered_min": 34, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-06-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-10T12:26:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-10T17:26:17Z", "ms": 1465579577382.505 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-10T13:14:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-10T18:14:17Z", "ms": 1465582457382.505 } }, "covered_min": 39, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 12:40 on Thu 9 Jun to 13:06 on Fri 10 Jun.", "fact": "2016-06-09T17:40:14Z → 2016-06-10T18:05:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:26–13:14 on the 9th, 12:26–13:14 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 34 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 39 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 513 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha), Chicago, 2016: Thursday 9 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha) 2016 falls on Thursday 9 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 12:40 on Thu 9 Jun to 13:06 on Fri 10 Jun and covers 34 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 39 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/aranya-gauri-vrata", "festival": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "name": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-06-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 513, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2016-06-09T12:40:14-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-09T17:40:14Z", "ms": 1465494014292.3484 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-10T13:05:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-10T18:05:44Z", "ms": 1465581944314.1257 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-06-09T12:40:14-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-09T17:40:14Z", "ms": 1465494014292.3484 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-10T13:05:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-10T18:05:44Z", "ms": 1465581944314.1257 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-06-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-09T12:26:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-09T17:26:06Z", "ms": 1465493165873.7017 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-09T13:14:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-09T18:14:06Z", "ms": 1465496045873.7017 } }, "covered_min": 34, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-06-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-10T12:26:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-10T17:26:17Z", "ms": 1465579577382.505 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-10T13:14:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-10T18:14:17Z", "ms": 1465582457382.505 } }, "covered_min": 39, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 12:40 on Thu 9 Jun to 13:06 on Fri 10 Jun.", "fact": "2016-06-09T17:40:14Z → 2016-06-10T18:05:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:26–13:14 on the 9th, 12:26–13:14 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 34 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 39 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 513 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Friday 10 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Araṇya Gaurī Vrata 2016 falls on Friday 10 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 12:40 on Thu 9 Jun to 13:06 on Fri 10 Jun and covers 39 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 34 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/aranya-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-06-15", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-06-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21023, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-06-14T20:56:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-15T01:56:57Z", "ms": 1465955816856.7578 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-15T23:24:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-16T04:24:58Z", "ms": 1466051097780.846 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-06-14T20:56:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-15T01:56:57Z", "ms": 1465955816856.7578 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-15T23:24:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-16T04:24:58Z", "ms": 1466051097780.846 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-06-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-15T05:15:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-15T10:15:18Z", "ms": 1465985717667.333 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-15T05:15:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-15T10:15:18Z", "ms": 1465985717667.333 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-06-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-16T05:15:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-16T10:15:21Z", "ms": 1466072120804.3586 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-16T05:15:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-16T10:15:21Z", "ms": 1466072120804.3586 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:57 on Tue 14 Jun to 23:25 on Wed 15 Jun.", "fact": "2016-06-15T01:56:57Z → 2016-06-16T04:24:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:15 on the 15th and 05:15 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 15th and is not on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21023 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 15 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Nirjalā Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Wednesday 15 June. Ekādaśī runs from 20:57 on Tue 14 Jun to 23:25 on Wed 15 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-06-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shri-rama-dvadashi", "festival": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "name": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-06-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36581, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-06-15T23:24:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-16T04:24:58Z", "ms": 1466051097780.846 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-17T01:39:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-17T06:39:44Z", "ms": 1466145584146.072 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-06-15T23:24:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-16T04:24:58Z", "ms": 1466051097780.846 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-17T01:39:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-17T06:39:44Z", "ms": 1466145584146.072 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-06-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-15T12:27:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-15T17:27:17Z", "ms": 1466011637167.744 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-15T13:15:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-15T18:15:17Z", "ms": 1466014517167.744 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-06-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-16T12:27:29-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-16T17:27:29Z", "ms": 1466098049425.832 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-16T13:15:29-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-16T18:15:29Z", "ms": 1466100929425.832 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 23:25 on Wed 15 Jun to 01:40 on Fri 17 Jun.", "fact": "2016-06-16T04:24:58Z → 2016-06-17T06:39:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:27–13:15 on the 15th, 12:27–13:15 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 36581 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 16 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Sri Rama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Campaka dvadasi (Orissa) (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī 2016 falls on Thursday 16 June. Dvādaśī runs from 23:25 on Wed 15 Jun to 01:40 on Fri 17 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shri-rama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-06-17", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-06-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14504, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-06-17T01:39:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-17T06:39:44Z", "ms": 1466145584146.072 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-18T03:33:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-18T08:33:17Z", "ms": 1466238796599.1516 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-06-17T01:39:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-17T06:39:44Z", "ms": 1466145584146.072 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-18T03:33:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-18T08:33:17Z", "ms": 1466238796599.1516 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-06-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-16T20:27:38-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-17T01:27:38Z", "ms": 1466126858047.3052 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-16T21:38:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-17T02:38:00Z", "ms": 1466131080431.9465 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 70, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-06-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-17T20:27:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-18T01:27:58Z", "ms": 1466213277540.5078 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-17T21:38:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-18T02:38:18Z", "ms": 1466217498273.1997 } }, "covered_min": 70, "window_min": 70, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 01:40 on Fri 17 Jun to 03:33 on Sat 18 Jun.", "fact": "2016-06-17T06:39:44Z → 2016-06-18T08:33:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:28–21:38 on the 16th, 20:28–21:38 on the 17th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 70 minutes on the 16th and 70 of 70 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14504 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Friday 17 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Friday 17 June. Trayodaśī runs from 01:40 on Fri 17 Jun to 03:33 on Sat 18 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-06-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vata-savitri-vrata", "festival": "vata-savitri-vrata", "name": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-06-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26560, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2016-06-19T05:01:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-19T10:01:15Z", "ms": 1466330474632.4502 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-20T06:02:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-20T11:02:19Z", "ms": 1466420539079.477 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-06-19T05:01:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-19T10:01:15Z", "ms": 1466330474632.4502 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-20T06:02:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-20T11:02:19Z", "ms": 1466420539079.477 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-06-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-18T20:28:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-19T01:28:15Z", "ms": 1466299695122.5483 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-18T21:38:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-19T02:38:35Z", "ms": 1466303914719.3765 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 70, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-06-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-19T20:28:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-20T01:28:31Z", "ms": 1466386110770.2058 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-19T21:38:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-20T02:38:50Z", "ms": 1466390329747.9849 } }, "covered_min": 70, "window_min": 70, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 05:01 on Sun 19 Jun to 06:02 on Mon 20 Jun.", "fact": "2016-06-19T10:01:15Z → 2016-06-20T11:02:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:28–21:39 on the 18th, 20:29–21:39 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 70 minutes on the 18th and 70 of 70 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26560 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 19 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vata-savitri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Vata-savitri vrata (Deccan) (pradosavyapini, purvaviddha), Snanayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata 2016 falls on Sunday 19 June. Pūrṇimā runs from 05:01 on Sun 19 Jun to 06:02 on Mon 20 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vata-savitri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-06-23", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-06-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26024, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-06-23T06:35:08-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-23T11:35:08Z", "ms": 1466681708130.2715 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-24T06:01:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-24T11:01:15Z", "ms": 1466766075323.098 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-06-23T06:35:08-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-23T11:35:08Z", "ms": 1466681708130.2715 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-24T06:01:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-24T11:01:15Z", "ms": 1466766075323.098 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-06-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-22T22:07:05-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-23T03:07:05Z", "ms": 1466651224716.256 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-22T22:07:05-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-23T03:07:05Z", "ms": 1466651224716.256 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-06-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-23T22:47:32-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-24T03:47:32Z", "ms": 1466740051695.3948 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-23T22:47:32-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-24T03:47:32Z", "ms": 1466740051695.3948 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:35 on Thu 23 Jun to 06:01 on Fri 24 Jun.", "fact": "2016-06-23T11:35:08Z → 2016-06-24T11:01:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:07 on the 22nd and 22:48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 22nd and is on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26024 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 23 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2016 falls on Thursday 23 June. Caturthī runs from 06:35 on Thu 23 Jun to 06:01 on Fri 24 Jun and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-06-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-06-30", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Yoginī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-06-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35424, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-06-29T19:29:01-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-30T00:29:01Z", "ms": 1467246540628.169 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-30T16:44:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-30T21:44:19Z", "ms": 1467323059058.3784 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-06-29T19:29:01-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-30T00:29:01Z", "ms": 1467246540628.169 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-30T16:44:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-30T21:44:19Z", "ms": 1467323059058.3784 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-06-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-06-30T05:19:25-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-30T10:19:25Z", "ms": 1467281964961.3804 }, "end": { "local": "2016-06-30T05:19:25-05:00", "utc": "2016-06-30T10:19:25Z", "ms": 1467281964961.3804 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-07-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-01T05:19:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-01T10:19:56Z", "ms": 1467368395689.8613 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-01T05:19:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-01T10:19:56Z", "ms": 1467368395689.8613 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 19:29 on Wed 29 Jun to 16:44 on Thu 30 Jun.", "fact": "2016-06-30T00:29:01Z → 2016-06-30T21:44:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:19 on the 30th and 05:20 on the 1st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 30th and is not on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35424 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yoginī Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 30 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-06-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Yoginī Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Thursday 30 June. Ekādaśī runs from 19:29 on Wed 29 Jun to 16:44 on Thu 30 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-06-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-07-01", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-07-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23737, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-07-01T13:53:25-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-01T18:53:25Z", "ms": 1467399204900.1309 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-02T11:03:36-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-02T16:03:36Z", "ms": 1467475415617.2805 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-07-01T13:53:25-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-01T18:53:25Z", "ms": 1467399204900.1309 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-02T11:03:36-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-02T16:03:36Z", "ms": 1467475415617.2805 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-07-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-01T20:29:02-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-02T01:29:02Z", "ms": 1467422941511.4075 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-01T21:39:53-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-02T02:39:53Z", "ms": 1467427193043.8367 } }, "covered_min": 71, "window_min": 71, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-07-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-02T20:28:51-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-03T01:28:51Z", "ms": 1467509330628.9343 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-02T21:39:48-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-03T02:39:48Z", "ms": 1467513588126.4998 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 71, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:53 on Fri 1 Jul to 11:04 on Sat 2 Jul.", "fact": "2016-07-01T18:53:25Z → 2016-07-02T16:03:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:29–21:40 on the 1st, 20:29–21:40 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 71 of 71 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 71 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23737 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Friday 1 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Friday 1 July. Trayodaśī runs from 13:53 on Fri 1 Jul to 11:04 on Sat 2 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-07-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-07-02", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-07-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25454, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-07-02T11:03:36-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-02T16:03:36Z", "ms": 1467475415617.2805 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-03T08:23:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-03T13:23:10Z", "ms": 1467552190100.7136 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-07-02T11:03:36-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-02T16:03:36Z", "ms": 1467475415617.2805 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-03T08:23:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-03T13:23:10Z", "ms": 1467552190100.7136 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-07-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-02T00:30:45-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-02T05:30:45Z", "ms": 1467437444758.017 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-02T01:18:45-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-02T06:18:45Z", "ms": 1467440324758.017 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-07-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-03T00:30:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-03T05:30:56Z", "ms": 1467523856244.8042 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-03T01:18:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-03T06:18:56Z", "ms": 1467526736244.8042 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 11:04 on Sat 2 Jul to 08:23 on Sun 3 Jul.", "fact": "2016-07-02T16:03:36Z → 2016-07-03T13:23:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:31–01:19 on the 1st, 00:31–01:19 on the 2nd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25454 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 2 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śivarātri 2016 falls on Saturday 2 July. Caturdaśī runs from 11:04 on Sat 2 Jul to 08:23 on Sun 3 Jul and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-07-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/rathayatra", "festival": "rathayatra", "name": "Rathayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-07-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30312, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2016-07-05T04:05:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-05T09:05:57Z", "ms": 1467709557475.3672 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-06T02:46:04-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-06T07:46:04Z", "ms": 1467791164440.027 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-07-05T04:05:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-05T09:05:57Z", "ms": 1467709557475.3672 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-06T02:46:04-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-06T07:46:04Z", "ms": 1467791164440.027 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-07-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-05T12:31:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-05T17:31:10Z", "ms": 1467739869672.9766 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-05T13:19:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-05T18:19:10Z", "ms": 1467742749672.9766 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-07-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-06T12:31:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-06T17:31:19Z", "ms": 1467826279111.8276 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-06T13:19:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-06T18:19:19Z", "ms": 1467829159111.8276 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 04:06 on Tue 5 Jul to 02:46 on Wed 6 Jul.", "fact": "2016-07-05T09:05:57Z → 2016-07-06T07:46:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:31–13:19 on the 5th, 12:31–13:19 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30312 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rathayātrā, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 5 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rathayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Rathayatra (paraviddha, special when combined with naksatra 'Pusya')" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Puṣya nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Rathayātrā 2016 falls on Tuesday 5 July. Dvitīyā runs from 04:06 on Tue 5 Jul to 02:46 on Wed 6 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/rathayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-07-07", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-07-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37022, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-07-07T02:07:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-07T07:07:44Z", "ms": 1467875264135.833 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-08T02:14:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-08T07:14:35Z", "ms": 1467962075017.0742 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-07-07T02:07:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-07T07:07:44Z", "ms": 1467875264135.833 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-08T02:14:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-08T07:14:35Z", "ms": 1467962075017.0742 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-07T12:31:28-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-07T17:31:28Z", "ms": 1467912688172.233 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-07T13:19:28-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-07T18:19:28Z", "ms": 1467915568172.233 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-08T12:31:37-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-08T17:31:37Z", "ms": 1467999096833.303 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-08T13:19:37-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-08T18:19:37Z", "ms": 1468001976833.303 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 02:08 on Thu 7 Jul to 02:15 on Fri 8 Jul.", "fact": "2016-07-07T07:07:44Z → 2016-07-08T07:14:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:31–13:19 on the 7th, 12:32–13:20 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37022 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 7 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vināyaka Caturthī 2016 falls on Thursday 7 July. Caturthī runs from 02:08 on Thu 7 Jul to 02:15 on Fri 8 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-07-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/skanda-panchami", "festival": "skanda-panchami", "name": "Skanda Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-07-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33916, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2016-07-08T02:14:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-08T07:14:35Z", "ms": 1467962075017.0742 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-09T03:06:29-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-09T08:06:29Z", "ms": 1468051589015.8381 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-07-08T02:14:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-08T07:14:35Z", "ms": 1467962075017.0742 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-09T03:06:29-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-09T08:06:29Z", "ms": 1468051589015.8381 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-08T12:31:37-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-08T17:31:37Z", "ms": 1467999096833.303 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-08T13:19:37-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-08T18:19:37Z", "ms": 1468001976833.303 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-09T12:31:45-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-09T17:31:45Z", "ms": 1468085505075.6895 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-09T13:19:45-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-09T18:19:45Z", "ms": 1468088385075.6895 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 02:15 on Fri 8 Jul to 03:06 on Sat 9 Jul.", "fact": "2016-07-08T07:14:35Z → 2016-07-09T08:06:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 8th, 12:32–13:20 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33916 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Pañcamī, Chicago, 2016: Friday 8 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Skanda pancami (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Skanda Pañcamī 2016 falls on Friday 8 July. Pañcamī runs from 02:15 on Fri 8 Jul to 03:06 on Sat 9 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/skanda-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vivasvat-saptami", "festival": "vivasvat-saptami", "name": "Vivasvat Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-07-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20983, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2016-07-10T04:38:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-10T09:38:47Z", "ms": 1468143527308.1167 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-11T06:42:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-11T11:42:17Z", "ms": 1468237337257.821 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-07-10T04:38:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-10T09:38:47Z", "ms": 1468143527308.1167 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-11T06:42:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-11T11:42:17Z", "ms": 1468237337257.821 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-07-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-10T12:31:53-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-10T17:31:53Z", "ms": 1468171912881.5034 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-10T13:19:53-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-10T18:19:53Z", "ms": 1468174792881.5034 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-07-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-11T12:32:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-11T17:32:00Z", "ms": 1468258320234.2158 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-11T13:20:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-11T18:20:00Z", "ms": 1468261200234.2158 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 04:39 on Sun 10 Jul to 06:42 on Mon 11 Jul.", "fact": "2016-07-10T09:38:47Z → 2016-07-11T11:42:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 10th, 12:32–13:20 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 20983 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vivasvat Saptamī, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 10 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vivasvat-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Vivasvat saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vivasvat Saptamī 2016 falls on Sunday 10 July. Saptamī runs from 04:39 on Sun 10 Jul to 06:42 on Mon 11 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vivasvat-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-07-15", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-07-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29774, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-07-14T13:44:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-14T18:44:57Z", "ms": 1468521897113.3142 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-15T15:38:22-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-15T20:38:22Z", "ms": 1468615102262.055 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-07-14T13:44:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-14T18:44:57Z", "ms": 1468521897113.3142 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-15T15:38:22-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-15T20:38:22Z", "ms": 1468615102262.055 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-14T05:28:43-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-14T10:28:43Z", "ms": 1468492122695.505 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-14T05:28:43-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-14T10:28:43Z", "ms": 1468492122695.505 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-15T05:29:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-15T10:29:31Z", "ms": 1468578571445.1724 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-15T05:29:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-15T10:29:31Z", "ms": 1468578571445.1724 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:45 on Thu 14 Jul to 15:38 on Fri 15 Jul.", "fact": "2016-07-14T18:44:57Z → 2016-07-15T20:38:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:29 on the 14th and 05:30 on the 15th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 14th and is on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29774 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Friday 15 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Hariśayanī Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Friday 15 July. Ekādaśī runs from 13:45 on Thu 14 Jul to 15:38 on Fri 15 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-07-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-07-16", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-07-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8934, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-07-16T17:02:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-16T22:02:18Z", "ms": 1468706537511.2578 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-17T17:53:03-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-17T22:53:03Z", "ms": 1468795982534.983 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-07-16T17:02:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-16T22:02:18Z", "ms": 1468706537511.2578 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-17T17:53:03-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-17T22:53:03Z", "ms": 1468795982534.983 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-07-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-16T20:22:38-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-17T01:22:38Z", "ms": 1468718558272.3066 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-16T21:35:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-17T02:35:47Z", "ms": 1468722946737.4653 } }, "covered_min": 73, "window_min": 73, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-07-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-17T20:21:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-18T01:21:56Z", "ms": 1468804916371.4292 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-17T21:35:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-18T02:35:17Z", "ms": 1468809317287.9353 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 73, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:02 on Sat 16 Jul to 17:53 on Sun 17 Jul.", "fact": "2016-07-16T22:02:18Z → 2016-07-17T22:53:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:23–21:36 on the 16th, 20:22–21:35 on the 17th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 73 of 73 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 73 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8934 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 16 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Saturday 16 July. Trayodaśī runs from 17:02 on Sat 16 Jul to 17:53 on Sun 17 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-07-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/kokila-vrata", "festival": "kokila-vrata", "name": "Kokilā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-07-18", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2018, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2016-07-18T18:10:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-18T23:10:23Z", "ms": 1468883423409.3267 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-19T17:56:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-19T22:56:35Z", "ms": 1468968994722.4387 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-07-18T18:10:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-18T23:10:23Z", "ms": 1468883423409.3267 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-19T17:56:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-19T22:56:35Z", "ms": 1468968994722.4387 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-18T17:23:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-18T22:23:23Z", "ms": 1468880602674.1 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-18T20:21:13-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-19T01:21:13Z", "ms": 1468891272531.3188 } }, "covered_min": 131, "window_min": 178, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-19T17:22:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-19T22:22:57Z", "ms": 1468966976534.5762 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-19T20:20:27-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-20T01:20:27Z", "ms": 1468977626777.9922 } }, "covered_min": 34, "window_min": 178, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 18:10 on Mon 18 Jul to 17:57 on Tue 19 Jul.", "fact": "2016-07-18T23:10:23Z → 2016-07-19T22:56:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 17:23–20:21 on the 18th, 17:23–20:20 on the 19th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 131 of 178 minutes on the 18th and 34 of 178 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both late afternoons qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 2018 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kokilā Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Monday 18 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kokila-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-18", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-18", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kokilā Vrata 2016 falls on Monday 18 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 18:10 on Mon 18 Jul to 17:57 on Tue 19 Jul and covers 131 of 178 minutes of sāyāhna that late afternoon. It also reaches the next late afternoon for 34 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/kokila-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shiva-shayanotsava", "festival": "shiva-shayanotsava", "name": "Śiva Śayanotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-07-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7849, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2016-07-18T18:10:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-18T23:10:23Z", "ms": 1468883423409.3267 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-19T17:56:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-19T22:56:35Z", "ms": 1468968994722.4387 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-07-18T18:10:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-18T23:10:23Z", "ms": 1468883423409.3267 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-19T17:56:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-19T22:56:35Z", "ms": 1468968994722.4387 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-18T20:21:13-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-19T01:21:13Z", "ms": 1468891272531.3188 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-18T21:34:46-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-19T02:34:46Z", "ms": 1468895686268.598 } }, "covered_min": 74, "window_min": 74, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-19T20:20:27-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-20T01:20:27Z", "ms": 1468977626777.9922 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-19T21:34:14-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-20T02:34:14Z", "ms": 1468982053696.9321 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 74, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 18:10 on Mon 18 Jul to 17:57 on Tue 19 Jul.", "fact": "2016-07-18T23:10:23Z → 2016-07-19T22:56:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:21–21:35 on the 18th, 20:20–21:34 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 74 of 74 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 74 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7849 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śiva Śayanotsava, Chicago, 2016: Monday 18 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shiva-shayanotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śiva Śayanotsava 2016 falls on Monday 18 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 18:10 on Mon 18 Jul to 17:57 on Tue 19 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shiva-shayanotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vyasa-puja", "festival": "vyasa-puja", "name": "Vyāsa Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-07-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33969, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2016-07-18T18:10:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-18T23:10:23Z", "ms": 1468883423409.3267 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-19T17:56:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-19T22:56:35Z", "ms": 1468968994722.4387 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-07-18T18:10:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-18T23:10:23Z", "ms": 1468883423409.3267 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-19T17:56:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-19T22:56:35Z", "ms": 1468968994722.4387 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-18T05:32:03-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-18T10:32:03Z", "ms": 1468837923245.2253 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-18T08:29:53-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-18T13:29:53Z", "ms": 1468848593102.444 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 178, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-19T05:32:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-19T10:32:56Z", "ms": 1468924375560.9119 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-19T08:30:26-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-19T13:30:26Z", "ms": 1468935025804.328 } }, "covered_min": 178, "window_min": 178, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 18:10 on Mon 18 Jul to 17:57 on Tue 19 Jul.", "fact": "2016-07-18T23:10:23Z → 2016-07-19T22:56:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:32–08:30 on the 18th, 05:33–08:30 on the 19th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 178 minutes on the 18th and 178 of 178 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33969 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vyāsa Pūjā, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 19 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vyasa-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vyāsa Pūjā 2016 falls on Tuesday 19 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 18:10 on Mon 18 Jul to 17:57 on Tue 19 Jul and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vyasa-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/guru-purnima", "festival": "guru-purnima", "name": "Guru Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-07-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16554, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2016-07-18T18:10:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-18T23:10:23Z", "ms": 1468883423409.3267 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-19T17:56:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-19T22:56:35Z", "ms": 1468968994722.4387 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-07-18T18:10:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-18T23:10:23Z", "ms": 1468883423409.3267 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-19T17:56:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-19T22:56:35Z", "ms": 1468968994722.4387 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-18T12:32:38-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-18T17:32:38Z", "ms": 1468863157888.272 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-18T13:20:38-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-18T18:20:38Z", "ms": 1468866037888.272 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-19T12:32:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-19T17:32:41Z", "ms": 1468949561169.4521 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-19T13:20:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-19T18:20:41Z", "ms": 1468952441169.4521 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 18:10 on Mon 18 Jul to 17:57 on Tue 19 Jul.", "fact": "2016-07-18T23:10:23Z → 2016-07-19T22:56:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:33–13:21 on the 18th, 12:33–13:21 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 48 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16554 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Guru Pūrṇimā, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 19 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "guru-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Guru Pūrṇimā 2016 falls on Tuesday 19 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 18:10 on Mon 18 Jul to 17:57 on Tue 19 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/guru-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-07-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12683, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2016-07-20T17:15:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-20T22:15:18Z", "ms": 1469052917763.5479 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-21T16:10:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-21T21:10:47Z", "ms": 1469135447197.8276 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-07-20T17:15:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-20T22:15:18Z", "ms": 1469052917763.5479 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-21T16:10:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-21T21:10:47Z", "ms": 1469135447197.8276 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-20T20:46:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-21T01:46:41Z", "ms": 1469065601001.448 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-20T20:46:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-21T01:46:41Z", "ms": 1469065601001.448 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-21T21:25:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-22T02:25:57Z", "ms": 1469154357492.322 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-21T21:25:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-22T02:25:57Z", "ms": 1469154357492.322 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 17:15 on Wed 20 Jul to 16:11 on Thu 21 Jul.", "fact": "2016-07-20T22:15:18Z → 2016-07-21T21:10:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:47 on the 20th and 21:26 on the 21st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12683 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha), Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 20 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunya sayana vrata (candrodaya vyapini; purvahna vyapini and purvaviddha in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row reads pūrvāhṇa and pūrvaviddha; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha) 2016 falls on Wednesday 20 July. Dvitīyā runs from 17:15 on Wed 20 Jul to 16:11 on Thu 21 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-07-22", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-07-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26117, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-07-22T14:47:12-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-22T19:47:12Z", "ms": 1469216831889.2139 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-23T13:08:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-23T18:08:11Z", "ms": 1469297291386.8806 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-07-22T14:47:12-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-22T19:47:12Z", "ms": 1469216831889.2139 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-23T13:08:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-23T18:08:11Z", "ms": 1469297291386.8806 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-07-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-22T22:02:29-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-23T03:02:29Z", "ms": 1469242948558.6116 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-22T22:02:29-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-23T03:02:29Z", "ms": 1469242948558.6116 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-07-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-23T22:37:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-24T03:37:16Z", "ms": 1469331436272.88 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-23T22:37:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-24T03:37:16Z", "ms": 1469331436272.88 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:47 on Fri 22 Jul to 13:08 on Sat 23 Jul.", "fact": "2016-07-22T19:47:12Z → 2016-07-23T18:08:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:02 on the 22nd and 22:37 on the 23rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 22nd and is not on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26117 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Friday 22 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2016 falls on Friday 22 July. Caturthī runs from 14:47 on Fri 22 Jul to 13:08 on Sat 23 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-07-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-07-29", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-07-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19515, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-07-29T00:17:02-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-29T05:17:02Z", "ms": 1469769421976.9932 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-29T22:04:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-30T03:04:11Z", "ms": 1469847851209.531 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-07-29T00:17:02-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-29T05:17:02Z", "ms": 1469769421976.9932 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-29T22:04:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-30T03:04:11Z", "ms": 1469847851209.531 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-07-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-29T05:42:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-29T10:42:17Z", "ms": 1469788936517.0247 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-29T05:42:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-29T10:42:17Z", "ms": 1469788936517.0247 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-07-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-30T05:43:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-30T10:43:16Z", "ms": 1469875395619.4392 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-30T05:43:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-30T10:43:16Z", "ms": 1469875395619.4392 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:17 on Fri 29 Jul to 22:04 on Fri 29 Jul.", "fact": "2016-07-29T05:17:02Z → 2016-07-30T03:04:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:42 on the 29th and 05:43 on the 30th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 29th and is not on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19515 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Friday 29 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kāmikā Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Friday 29 July. Ekādaśī runs from 00:17 on Fri 29 Jul to 22:04 on Fri 29 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-07-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-07-30", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-07-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 564, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-07-30T20:00:42-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-31T01:00:42Z", "ms": 1469926841550.036 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-31T18:12:13-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-31T23:12:13Z", "ms": 1470006732780.704 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-07-30T20:00:42-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-31T01:00:42Z", "ms": 1469926841550.036 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-31T18:12:13-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-31T23:12:13Z", "ms": 1470006732780.704 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-07-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-30T20:10:05-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-31T01:10:05Z", "ms": 1469927405397.0078 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-30T21:26:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-31T02:26:39Z", "ms": 1469931998693.9207 } }, "covered_min": 77, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-07-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-07-31T20:08:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-01T01:08:59Z", "ms": 1470013738935.2314 }, "end": { "local": "2016-07-31T21:25:49-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-01T02:25:49Z", "ms": 1470018349076.3794 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:01 on Sat 30 Jul to 18:12 on Sun 31 Jul.", "fact": "2016-07-31T01:00:42Z → 2016-07-31T23:12:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:10–21:27 on the 30th, 20:09–21:26 on the 31st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 77 of 77 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 77 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 564 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 30 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-30", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Saturday 30 July. Trayodaśī runs from 20:01 on Sat 30 Jul to 18:12 on Sun 31 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-07-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-07-31", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-07-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22854, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-07-31T18:12:13-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-31T23:12:13Z", "ms": 1470006732780.704 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-01T16:44:49-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-01T21:44:49Z", "ms": 1470087889337.7312 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-07-31T18:12:13-05:00", "utc": "2016-07-31T23:12:13Z", "ms": 1470006732780.704 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-01T16:44:49-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-01T21:44:49Z", "ms": 1470087889337.7312 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-07-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-01T00:33:07-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-01T05:33:07Z", "ms": 1470029586964.5361 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-01T01:21:07-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-01T06:21:07Z", "ms": 1470032466964.5361 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-08-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-02T00:33:03-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-02T05:33:03Z", "ms": 1470115983064.7783 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-02T01:21:03-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-02T06:21:03Z", "ms": 1470118863064.7783 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 18:12 on Sun 31 Jul to 16:45 on Mon 1 Aug.", "fact": "2016-07-31T23:12:13Z → 2016-08-01T21:44:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:33–01:21 on the 31st, 00:33–01:21 on the 1st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22854 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 31 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-07-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śivarātri 2016 falls on Sunday 31 July. Caturdaśī runs from 18:12 on Sun 31 Jul to 16:45 on Mon 1 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-07-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/madhusrava-tritiya", "festival": "madhusrava-tritiya", "name": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Hariyali Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7502, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2016-08-04T15:25:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-04T20:25:19Z", "ms": 1470342319484.5435 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-05T16:11:53-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-05T21:11:53Z", "ms": 1470431512796.8179 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-04T15:25:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-04T20:25:19Z", "ms": 1470342319484.5435 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-05T16:11:53-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-05T21:11:53Z", "ms": 1470431512796.8179 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-04T12:32:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-04T17:32:17Z", "ms": 1470331937217.1265 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-04T13:20:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-04T18:20:17Z", "ms": 1470334817217.1265 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-05T12:32:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-05T17:32:11Z", "ms": 1470418330776.3662 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-05T13:20:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-05T18:20:11Z", "ms": 1470421210776.3662 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 15:25 on Thu 4 Aug to 16:12 on Fri 5 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-04T20:25:19Z → 2016-08-05T21:11:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 4th, 12:32–13:20 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7502 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā, Chicago, 2016: Friday 5 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "madhusrava-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Madhusrava (Gujerat) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Madhusravā Tṛtīyā (Hariyali Teej) 2016 falls on Friday 5 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 15:25 on Thu 4 Aug to 16:12 on Fri 5 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/madhusrava-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-08-06", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10302, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-08-05T16:11:53-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-05T21:11:53Z", "ms": 1470431512796.8179 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-06T17:34:48-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-06T22:34:48Z", "ms": 1470522888307.9897 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-05T16:11:53-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-05T21:11:53Z", "ms": 1470431512796.8179 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-06T17:34:48-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-06T22:34:48Z", "ms": 1470522888307.9897 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-05T12:32:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-05T17:32:11Z", "ms": 1470418330776.3662 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-05T13:20:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-05T18:20:11Z", "ms": 1470421210776.3662 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-06T12:32:04-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-06T17:32:04Z", "ms": 1470504723739.5173 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-06T13:20:04-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-06T18:20:04Z", "ms": 1470507603739.5173 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:12 on Fri 5 Aug to 17:35 on Sat 6 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-05T21:11:53Z → 2016-08-06T22:34:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 5th, 12:32–13:20 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10302 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 6 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vināyaka Caturthī 2016 falls on Saturday 6 August. Caturthī runs from 16:12 on Fri 5 Aug to 17:35 on Sat 6 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-08-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/naga-panchami", "festival": "naga-panchami", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15285, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2016-08-06T17:34:48-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-06T22:34:48Z", "ms": 1470522888307.9897 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-07T19:28:42-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-08T00:28:42Z", "ms": 1470616121722.062 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-06T17:34:48-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-06T22:34:48Z", "ms": 1470522888307.9897 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-07T19:28:42-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-08T00:28:42Z", "ms": 1470616121722.062 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-06T12:32:04-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-06T17:32:04Z", "ms": 1470504723739.5173 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-06T13:20:04-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-06T18:20:04Z", "ms": 1470507603739.5173 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-08-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-07T12:31:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-07T17:31:56Z", "ms": 1470591116108.4175 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-07T13:19:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-07T18:19:56Z", "ms": 1470593996108.4175 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 17:35 on Sat 6 Aug to 19:29 on Sun 7 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-06T22:34:48Z → 2016-08-08T00:28:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:32–13:20 on the 6th, 12:32–13:20 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15285 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 7 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Nāga Pañcamī 2016 falls on Sunday 7 August. Pañcamī runs from 17:35 on Sat 6 Aug to 19:29 on Sun 7 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/naga-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-08-14", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 463, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-08-13T06:05:13-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-13T11:05:13Z", "ms": 1471086313419.0776 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-14T07:02:05-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-14T12:02:05Z", "ms": 1471176124926.5466 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-13T06:05:13-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-13T11:05:13Z", "ms": 1471086313419.0776 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-14T07:02:05-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-14T12:02:05Z", "ms": 1471176124926.5466 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-13T05:57:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-13T10:57:31Z", "ms": 1471085850671.2744 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-13T05:57:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-13T10:57:31Z", "ms": 1471085850671.2744 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-14T05:58:33-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-14T10:58:33Z", "ms": 1471172312680.1604 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-14T05:58:33-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-14T10:58:33Z", "ms": 1471172312680.1604 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:05 on Sat 13 Aug to 07:02 on Sun 14 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-13T11:05:13Z → 2016-08-14T12:02:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:58 on the 13th and 05:59 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 13th and is on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 463 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 14 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-14", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Putradā Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Sunday 14 August. Ekādaśī runs from 06:05 on Sat 13 Aug to 07:02 on Sun 14 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-08-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/damodara-dvadashi", "festival": "damodara-dvadashi", "name": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18689, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-08-14T07:02:05-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-14T12:02:05Z", "ms": 1471176124926.5466 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-15T07:19:05-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-15T12:19:05Z", "ms": 1471263545290.0745 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-14T07:02:05-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-14T12:02:05Z", "ms": 1471176124926.5466 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-15T07:19:05-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-15T12:19:05Z", "ms": 1471263545290.0745 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-14T12:30:46-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-14T17:30:46Z", "ms": 1471195846464.2646 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-14T13:18:46-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-14T18:18:46Z", "ms": 1471198726464.2646 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-08-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-15T12:30:34-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-15T17:30:34Z", "ms": 1471282234290.2632 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-15T13:18:34-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-15T18:18:34Z", "ms": 1471285114290.2632 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 07:02 on Sun 14 Aug to 07:19 on Mon 15 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-14T12:02:05Z → 2016-08-15T12:19:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:31–13:19 on the 14th, 12:31–13:19 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 18689 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 14 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "damodara-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Buddha dvadasi, Damodara dvadasi (purvaviddha), Visnu-pavitraropana." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Dāmodara Dvādaśī 2016 falls on Sunday 14 August. Dvādaśī runs from 07:02 on Sun 14 Aug to 07:19 on Mon 15 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/damodara-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-08-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35126, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-08-15T07:19:05-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-15T12:19:05Z", "ms": 1471263545290.0745 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-16T06:56:28-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-16T11:56:28Z", "ms": 1471348588306.771 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-15T07:19:05-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-15T12:19:05Z", "ms": 1471263545290.0745 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-16T06:56:28-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-16T11:56:28Z", "ms": 1471348588306.771 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-14T19:51:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-15T00:51:00Z", "ms": 1471222260248.3687 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-14T21:12:09-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-15T02:12:09Z", "ms": 1471227128844.0452 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-08-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-15T19:49:34-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-16T00:49:34Z", "ms": 1471308573864.5847 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-15T21:11:02-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-16T02:11:02Z", "ms": 1471313462251.7505 } }, "covered_min": 81, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 07:19 on Mon 15 Aug to 06:56 on Tue 16 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-15T12:19:05Z → 2016-08-16T11:56:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:51–21:12 on the 14th, 19:50–21:11 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 81 minutes on the 14th and 81 of 81 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35126 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Monday 15 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Monday 15 August. Trayodaśī runs from 07:19 on Mon 15 Aug to 06:56 on Tue 16 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-08-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/raksha-bandhana", "festival": "raksha-bandhana", "name": "Rakṣā Bandhana", "everyday": "Rakhi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5767, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2016-08-17T05:57:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-17T10:57:18Z", "ms": 1471431438078.6313 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-18T04:26:34-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-18T09:26:34Z", "ms": 1471512394276.4084 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "second-half", "start": { "local": "2016-08-17T17:15:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-17T22:15:31Z", "ms": 1471472131053.993 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-18T04:26:34-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-18T09:26:34Z", "ms": 1471512394276.4084 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-17T06:01:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-17T11:01:39Z", "ms": 1471431698829.177 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-18T06:02:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-18T11:02:41Z", "ms": 1471518160892.5222 } }, "covered_min": 671, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-18T06:02:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-18T11:02:41Z", "ms": 1471518160892.5222 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-19T06:03:43-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-19T11:03:43Z", "ms": 1471604622954.4304 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 05:57 on Wed 17 Aug to 04:27 on Thu 18 Aug. Its second half begins at 17:16 on Wed 17 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-17T10:57:18Z → 2016-08-18T09:26:34Z · second half from 2016-08-17T22:15:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:02 on the 17th, and from 06:03 on the 18th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The second half of Pūrṇimā must be present during the day. It covers 671 of 1441 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 1441 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5767 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rakṣā Bandhana, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 17 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "raksha-bandhana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "day", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated", "half": "second" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Rakṣā Bandhana (Rakhi) 2016 falls on Wednesday 17 August. The second half of Pūrṇimā runs from 17:16 on Wed 17 Aug to 04:27 on Thu 18 Aug and lies within that day, sunrise to sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/raksha-bandhana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/rishi-tarpana", "festival": "rishi-tarpana", "name": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23570, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2016-08-17T05:57:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-17T10:57:18Z", "ms": 1471431438078.6313 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-18T04:26:34-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-18T09:26:34Z", "ms": 1471512394276.4084 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-17T05:57:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-17T10:57:18Z", "ms": 1471431438078.6313 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-18T04:26:34-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-18T09:26:34Z", "ms": 1471512394276.4084 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-17T12:30:08-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-17T17:30:08Z", "ms": 1471455008382.932 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-17T13:18:08-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-17T18:18:08Z", "ms": 1471457888382.932 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-18T12:29:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-18T17:29:55Z", "ms": 1471541394677.9785 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-18T13:17:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-18T18:17:55Z", "ms": 1471544274677.9785 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 05:57 on Wed 17 Aug to 04:27 on Thu 18 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-17T10:57:18Z → 2016-08-18T09:26:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:30–13:18 on the 17th, 12:30–13:18 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23570 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 17 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa 2016 falls on Wednesday 17 August. Pūrṇimā runs from 05:57 on Wed 17 Aug to 04:27 on Thu 18 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/rishi-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13088, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2016-08-19T02:30:22-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-19T07:30:22Z", "ms": 1471591822467.9387 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-20T00:15:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-20T05:15:15Z", "ms": 1471670114723.0984 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-19T02:30:22-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-19T07:30:22Z", "ms": 1471591822467.9387 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-20T00:15:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-20T05:15:15Z", "ms": 1471670114723.0984 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-18T20:00:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-19T01:00:41Z", "ms": 1471568440786.8167 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-18T20:00:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-19T01:00:41Z", "ms": 1471568440786.8167 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-19T20:37:07-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-20T01:37:07Z", "ms": 1471657026656.9495 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-19T20:37:07-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-20T01:37:07Z", "ms": 1471657026656.9495 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 02:30 on Fri 19 Aug to 00:15 on Sat 20 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-19T07:30:22Z → 2016-08-20T05:15:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:01 on the 18th and 20:37 on the 19th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 18th and is on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13088 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Friday 19 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunyasayana vrata (Dvitiya current at moonrise; if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata 2016 falls on Friday 19 August. Dvitīyā runs from 02:30 on Fri 19 Aug to 00:15 on Sat 20 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/kajjali-tritiya", "festival": "kajjali-tritiya", "name": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Kajari Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30615, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 17, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2016-08-20T00:15:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-20T05:15:15Z", "ms": 1471670114723.0984 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-20T21:47:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-21T02:47:41Z", "ms": 1471747661094.5186 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-20T00:15:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-20T05:15:15Z", "ms": 1471670114723.0984 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-20T21:47:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-21T02:47:41Z", "ms": 1471747661094.5186 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-19T12:29:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-19T17:29:40Z", "ms": 1471627780492.8599 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-19T13:17:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-19T18:17:40Z", "ms": 1471630660492.8599 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-20T12:29:26-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-20T17:29:26Z", "ms": 1471714165844.1023 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-20T13:17:26-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-20T18:17:26Z", "ms": 1471717045844.1023 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 00:15 on Sat 20 Aug to 21:48 on Sat 20 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-20T05:15:15Z → 2016-08-21T02:47:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:30–13:18 on the 19th, 12:29–13:17 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30615 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 20 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kajjali-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 3 Kajjali trtiya, (paraviddha), Angaveta trtiya (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kajjalī Tṛtīyā (Kajari Teej) 2016 falls on Saturday 20 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 00:15 on Sat 20 Aug to 21:48 on Sat 20 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/kajjali-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-08-20", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-20", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2111, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-08-20T21:47:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-21T02:47:41Z", "ms": 1471747661094.5186 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-21T19:13:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-22T00:13:50Z", "ms": 1471824830447.1174 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-20T21:47:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-21T02:47:41Z", "ms": 1471747661094.5186 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-21T19:13:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-22T00:13:50Z", "ms": 1471824830447.1174 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-20T21:12:30-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-21T02:12:30Z", "ms": 1471745550311.991 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-20T21:12:30-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-21T02:12:30Z", "ms": 1471745550311.991 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-21T21:48:02-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-22T02:48:02Z", "ms": 1471834082273.4636 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-21T21:48:02-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-22T02:48:02Z", "ms": 1471834082273.4636 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:48 on Sat 20 Aug to 19:14 on Sun 21 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-21T02:47:41Z → 2016-08-22T00:13:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:13 on the 20th and 21:48 on the 21st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 2111 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 20 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-20", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-20", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2016 falls on Saturday 20 August. Caturthī runs from 21:48 on Sat 20 Aug to 19:14 on Sun 21 Aug, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-08-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/bahula-chaturthi", "festival": "bahula-chaturthi", "name": "Bahulā Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1604, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-08-20T21:47:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-21T02:47:41Z", "ms": 1471747661094.5186 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-21T19:13:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-22T00:13:50Z", "ms": 1471824830447.1174 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-20T21:47:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-21T02:47:41Z", "ms": 1471747661094.5186 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-21T19:13:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-22T00:13:50Z", "ms": 1471824830447.1174 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-20T16:58:38-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-20T21:58:38Z", "ms": 1471730318342.9692 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-20T19:42:07-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-21T00:42:07Z", "ms": 1471740126675.5474 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 163, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-21T16:57:37-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-21T21:57:37Z", "ms": 1471816656958.1733 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-21T19:40:34-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-22T00:40:34Z", "ms": 1471826434431.194 } }, "covered_min": 136, "window_min": 163, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:48 on Sat 20 Aug to 19:14 on Sun 21 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-21T02:47:41Z → 2016-08-22T00:13:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:59–19:42 on the 20th, 16:58–19:41 on the 21st.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 163 minutes on the 20th and 136 of 163 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1604 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bahulā Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 21 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bahula-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Bahula caturthi (Madhyadesa) (Sayahnavyapini: if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the 1st day)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Bahulā Caturthī 2016 falls on Sunday 21 August. Caturthī runs from 21:48 on Sat 20 Aug to 19:14 on Sun 21 Aug and covers 136 of 163 minutes of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/bahula-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/hala-shashthi", "festival": "hala-shashthi", "name": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3143, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2016-08-22T16:39:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-22T21:39:19Z", "ms": 1471901958677.1028 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-23T14:09:03-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-23T19:09:03Z", "ms": 1471979342745.4175 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-22T16:39:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-22T21:39:19Z", "ms": 1471901958677.1028 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-23T14:09:03-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-23T19:09:03Z", "ms": 1471979342745.4175 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-22T12:28:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-22T17:28:55Z", "ms": 1471886935223.424 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-22T13:16:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-22T18:16:55Z", "ms": 1471889815223.424 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-23T12:28:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-23T17:28:39Z", "ms": 1471973319285.016 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-23T13:16:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-23T18:16:39Z", "ms": 1471976199285.016 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 16:39 on Mon 22 Aug to 14:09 on Tue 23 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-22T21:39:19Z → 2016-08-23T19:09:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 22nd, 12:29–13:17 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3143 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 23 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "hala-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Hala sasthi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-23", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Hala Ṣaṣṭhī 2016 falls on Tuesday 23 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 16:39 on Mon 22 Aug to 14:09 on Tue 23 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/hala-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/janmashtami", "festival": "janmashtami", "name": "Janmāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30055, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2016-08-24T11:47:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-24T16:47:20Z", "ms": 1472057239506.2646 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-25T09:37:49-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-25T14:37:49Z", "ms": 1472135868641.1724 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-24T11:47:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-24T16:47:20Z", "ms": 1472057239506.2646 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-25T09:37:49-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-25T14:37:49Z", "ms": 1472135868641.1724 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-24T00:29:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-24T05:29:10Z", "ms": 1472016550302.016 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-24T01:17:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-24T06:17:10Z", "ms": 1472019430302.016 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-25T00:28:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-25T05:28:54Z", "ms": 1472102933961.3237 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-25T01:16:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-25T06:16:54Z", "ms": 1472105813961.3237 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 11:47 on Wed 24 Aug to 09:38 on Thu 25 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-24T16:47:20Z → 2016-08-25T14:37:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:29–01:17 on the 23rd, 00:29–01:17 on the 24th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30055 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Janmāṣṭamī, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 24 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "janmashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Janmastami (madhyaratra-vyapini), if midnight is covered on two days, or not on any day, it is to be observed on the 2nd day; special when combined with naksatra 'Rohini' at midnight, more so when on Monday or Wednesday. If the combination occurs before midnight and 'Rohini' extends up to midnight, it is to be observed on that day. Gokulastami." } ], "not_evaluated": "The clauses on Rohiṇī nakṣatra, the Vaiṣṇava observance on the day after saptamī, and the Assam and South India reckoning in the solar month belong to other readings and are not applied.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Janmāṣṭamī 2016 falls on Wednesday 24 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 11:47 on Wed 24 Aug to 09:38 on Thu 25 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/janmashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shitala-saptami", "festival": "shitala-saptami", "name": "Śītalā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2463, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 21, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2016-08-23T14:09:03-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-23T19:09:03Z", "ms": 1471979342745.4175 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-24T11:47:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-24T16:47:20Z", "ms": 1472057239506.2646 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-23T14:09:03-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-23T19:09:03Z", "ms": 1471979342745.4175 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-24T11:47:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-24T16:47:20Z", "ms": 1472057239506.2646 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-23T12:28:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-23T17:28:39Z", "ms": 1471973319285.016 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-23T13:16:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-23T18:16:39Z", "ms": 1471976199285.016 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-24T12:28:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-24T17:28:23Z", "ms": 1472059702949.3135 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-24T13:16:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-24T18:16:23Z", "ms": 1472062582949.3135 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 14:09 on Tue 23 Aug to 11:47 on Wed 24 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-23T19:09:03Z → 2016-08-24T16:47:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:29–13:17 on the 23rd, 12:28–13:16 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → second-day · margin 2463 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalā Saptamī, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 24 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitala-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 7 Sitala saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-23", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śītalā Saptamī 2016 falls on Wednesday 24 August. Saptamī runs from 14:09 on Tue 23 Aug to 11:47 on Wed 24 Aug, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shitala-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-08-27", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ajā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-27", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 263, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-08-27T06:07:37-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-27T11:07:37Z", "ms": 1472296056622.898 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-28T04:52:14-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-28T09:52:14Z", "ms": 1472377934001.9304 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-27T06:07:37-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-27T11:07:37Z", "ms": 1472296056622.898 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-28T04:52:14-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-28T09:52:14Z", "ms": 1472377934001.9304 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-27T06:11:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-27T11:11:59Z", "ms": 1472296319219.2336 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-27T06:11:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-27T11:11:59Z", "ms": 1472296319219.2336 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-28T06:13:01-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-28T11:13:01Z", "ms": 1472382781193.183 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-28T06:13:01-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-28T11:13:01Z", "ms": 1472382781193.183 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:08 on Sat 27 Aug to 04:52 on Sun 28 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-27T11:07:37Z → 2016-08-28T09:52:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:12 on the 27th and 06:13 on the 28th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 27th and is not on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 263 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ajā Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 27 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-27", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Ajā Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Saturday 27 August. Ekādaśī runs from 06:08 on Sat 27 Aug to 04:52 on Sun 28 Aug and is current at sunrise that day. It is 4 min 23 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-08-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-08-29", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23933, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-08-29T03:59:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-29T08:59:56Z", "ms": 1472461195646.3884 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-30T03:33:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-30T08:33:00Z", "ms": 1472545979630.8938 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-29T03:59:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-29T08:59:56Z", "ms": 1472461195646.3884 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-30T03:33:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-30T08:33:00Z", "ms": 1472545979630.8938 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-28T19:29:27-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-29T00:29:27Z", "ms": 1472430566651.8752 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-28T20:55:24-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-29T01:55:24Z", "ms": 1472435723517.3389 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-29T19:27:48-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-30T00:27:48Z", "ms": 1472516868479.0266 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-29T20:54:07-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-30T01:54:07Z", "ms": 1472522046690.4563 } }, "covered_min": 86, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 04:00 on Mon 29 Aug to 03:33 on Tue 30 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-29T08:59:56Z → 2016-08-30T08:33:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:29–20:55 on the 28th, 19:28–20:54 on the 29th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 86 minutes on the 28th and 86 of 86 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23933 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Monday 29 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Monday 29 August. Trayodaśī runs from 04:00 on Mon 29 Aug to 03:33 on Tue 30 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-08-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/aghora-chaturdashi", "festival": "aghora-chaturdashi", "name": "Aghora Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23933, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-08-30T03:33:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-30T08:33:00Z", "ms": 1472545979630.8938 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-31T03:33:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-31T08:33:31Z", "ms": 1472632411073.1633 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-30T03:33:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-30T08:33:00Z", "ms": 1472545979630.8938 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-31T03:33:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-31T08:33:31Z", "ms": 1472632411073.1633 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-29T19:27:48-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-30T00:27:48Z", "ms": 1472516868479.0266 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-29T20:54:07-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-30T01:54:07Z", "ms": 1472522046690.4563 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-30T19:26:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-31T00:26:10Z", "ms": 1472603169700.057 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-30T20:52:49-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-31T01:52:49Z", "ms": 1472608369334.1785 } }, "covered_min": 87, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 03:33 on Tue 30 Aug to 03:34 on Wed 31 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-30T08:33:00Z → 2016-08-31T08:33:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:28–20:54 on the 29th, 19:26–20:53 on the 30th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 86 minutes on the 29th and 87 of 87 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23933 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aghora Caturdaśī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 30 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aghora-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Aghora caturdasi (pradosa vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Aghora Caturdaśī 2016 falls on Tuesday 30 August. Caturdaśī runs from 03:33 on Tue 30 Aug to 03:34 on Wed 31 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/aghora-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-08-30", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-08-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8253, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-08-30T03:33:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-30T08:33:00Z", "ms": 1472545979630.8938 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-31T03:33:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-31T08:33:31Z", "ms": 1472632411073.1633 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-08-30T03:33:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-30T08:33:00Z", "ms": 1472545979630.8938 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-31T03:33:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-31T08:33:31Z", "ms": 1472632411073.1633 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-30T00:27:27-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-30T05:27:27Z", "ms": 1472534846771.8882 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-30T01:15:27-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-30T06:15:27Z", "ms": 1472537726771.8882 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-08-31T00:27:08-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-31T05:27:08Z", "ms": 1472621228328.0132 }, "end": { "local": "2016-08-31T01:15:08-05:00", "utc": "2016-08-31T06:15:08Z", "ms": 1472624108328.0132 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 03:33 on Tue 30 Aug to 03:34 on Wed 31 Aug.", "fact": "2016-08-30T08:33:00Z → 2016-08-31T08:33:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:27–01:15 on the 29th, 00:27–01:15 on the 30th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8253 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 30 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śivarātri 2016 falls on Tuesday 30 August. Caturdaśī runs from 03:33 on Tue 30 Aug to 03:34 on Wed 31 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-08-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/rudra-vrata", "festival": "rudra-vrata", "name": "Rudra Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26595, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2016-09-01T04:03:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-01T09:03:06Z", "ms": 1472720586108.7212 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-02T05:02:26-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-02T10:02:26Z", "ms": 1472810545665.2898 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-01T04:03:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-01T09:03:06Z", "ms": 1472720586108.7212 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-02T05:02:26-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-02T10:02:26Z", "ms": 1472810545665.2898 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-01T12:26:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-01T17:26:00Z", "ms": 1472750759624.7754 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-01T13:14:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-01T18:14:00Z", "ms": 1472753639624.7754 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-02T12:25:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-02T17:25:40Z", "ms": 1472837140321.7095 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-02T13:13:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-02T18:13:40Z", "ms": 1472840020321.7095 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 04:03 on Thu 1 Sep to 05:02 on Fri 2 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-01T09:03:06Z → 2016-09-02T10:02:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:26–13:14 on the 1st, 12:26–13:14 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26595 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rudra Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 1 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rudra-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Rudra vrata (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Rudra Vrata 2016 falls on Thursday 1 September. Pratipadā runs from 04:03 on Thu 1 Sep to 05:02 on Fri 2 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/rudra-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/haritalika-vrata", "festival": "haritalika-vrata", "name": "Haritālikā Vrata", "everyday": "Hartalika Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14407, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2016-09-03T06:30:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-03T11:30:41Z", "ms": 1472902240656.1519 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-04T08:24:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-04T13:24:54Z", "ms": 1472995493774.2617 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-03T06:30:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-03T11:30:41Z", "ms": 1472902240656.1519 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-04T08:24:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-04T13:24:54Z", "ms": 1472995493774.2617 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-03T12:25:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-03T17:25:21Z", "ms": 1472923520753.8354 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-03T13:13:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-03T18:13:21Z", "ms": 1472926400753.8354 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-04T12:25:01-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-04T17:25:01Z", "ms": 1473009900935.6128 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-04T13:13:01-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-04T18:13:01Z", "ms": 1473012780935.6128 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 06:31 on Sat 3 Sep to 08:25 on Sun 4 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-03T11:30:41Z → 2016-09-04T13:24:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:25–13:13 on the 3rd, 12:25–13:13 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14407 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Haritālikā Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 3 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "haritalika-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Haritalika vrata (paraviddha), Gauri vrata (Orissa), Gauri (Mysore)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Haritālikā Vrata (Hartalika Teej) 2016 falls on Saturday 3 September. Tṛtīyā runs from 06:31 on Sat 3 Sep to 08:25 on Sun 4 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/haritalika-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ganesha-chaturthi", "festival": "ganesha-chaturthi", "name": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6313, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-09-04T08:24:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-04T13:24:54Z", "ms": 1472995493774.2617 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-05T10:39:28-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-05T15:39:28Z", "ms": 1473089967735.1853 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-04T08:24:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-04T13:24:54Z", "ms": 1472995493774.2617 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-05T10:39:28-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-05T15:39:28Z", "ms": 1473089967735.1853 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-04T12:25:01-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-04T17:25:01Z", "ms": 1473009900935.6128 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-04T13:13:01-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-04T18:13:01Z", "ms": 1473012780935.6128 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-05T12:24:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-05T17:24:41Z", "ms": 1473096280882.1895 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-05T13:12:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-05T18:12:41Z", "ms": 1473099160882.1895 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:25 on Sun 4 Sep to 10:39 on Mon 5 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-04T13:24:54Z → 2016-09-05T15:39:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:25–13:13 on the 4th, 12:25–13:13 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 6313 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 4 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Varada caturthi (purvaviddha, madhyahnavyapini), Samvatsari parva (Jain-caturthi paksa), Saubhagya caturthi (Bengal), Ganesa caturthi (madhyahna vyapini and purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Gaṇeśa Caturthī 2016 falls on Sunday 4 September. Caturthī runs from 08:25 on Sun 4 Sep to 10:39 on Mon 5 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ganesha-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/rishi-panchami", "festival": "rishi-panchami", "name": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-05", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-disputed" ], "boundary_margin_s": 387, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2016-09-05T10:39:28-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-05T15:39:28Z", "ms": 1473089967735.1853 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-06T13:05:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-06T18:05:54Z", "ms": 1473185153869.79 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-05T10:39:28-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-05T15:39:28Z", "ms": 1473089967735.1853 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-06T13:05:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-06T18:05:54Z", "ms": 1473185153869.79 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-05T12:24:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-05T17:24:41Z", "ms": 1473096280882.1895 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-05T13:12:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-05T18:12:41Z", "ms": 1473099160882.1895 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-06T12:24:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-06T17:24:21Z", "ms": 1473182660609.399 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-06T13:12:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-06T18:12:21Z", "ms": 1473185540609.399 } }, "covered_min": 42, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 10:39 on Mon 5 Sep to 13:06 on Tue 6 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-05T15:39:28Z → 2016-09-06T18:05:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:25–13:13 on the 5th, 12:24–13:12 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 42 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the cited authorities disagree. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: disputed → greater-coverage · margin 387 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Chicago, 2016: Monday 5 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-disputed)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-05", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-05", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 2016 falls on Monday 5 September. Pañcamī runs from 10:39 on Mon 5 Sep to 13:06 on Tue 6 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 42 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/rishi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "festival": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 387, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2016-09-06T13:05:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-06T18:05:54Z", "ms": 1473185153869.79 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-07T15:33:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-07T20:33:15Z", "ms": 1473280394842.6123 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-06T13:05:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-06T18:05:54Z", "ms": 1473185153869.79 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-07T15:33:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-07T20:33:15Z", "ms": 1473280394842.6123 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-06T12:24:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-06T17:24:21Z", "ms": 1473182660609.399 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-06T13:12:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-06T18:12:21Z", "ms": 1473185540609.399 } }, "covered_min": 6, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-07T12:24:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-07T17:24:00Z", "ms": 1473269040133.7412 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-07T13:12:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-07T18:12:00Z", "ms": 1473271920133.7412 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 13:06 on Tue 6 Sep to 15:33 on Wed 7 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-06T18:05:54Z → 2016-09-07T20:33:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:24–13:12 on the 6th, 12:24–13:12 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 6 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 387 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada), Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 7 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Surya sasthi (paraviddha), Lolarka sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada) 2016 falls on Wednesday 7 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 13:06 on Tue 6 Sep to 15:33 on Wed 7 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 6 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/muktabharana-vrata", "festival": "muktabharana-vrata", "name": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8475, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2016-09-07T15:33:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-07T20:33:15Z", "ms": 1473280394842.6123 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-08T17:49:07-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-08T22:49:07Z", "ms": 1473374947369.5977 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-07T15:33:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-07T20:33:15Z", "ms": 1473280394842.6123 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-08T17:49:07-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-08T22:49:07Z", "ms": 1473374947369.5977 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-07T12:24:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-07T17:24:00Z", "ms": 1473269040133.7412 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-07T13:12:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-07T18:12:00Z", "ms": 1473271920133.7412 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-08T12:23:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-08T17:23:39Z", "ms": 1473355419472.3645 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-08T13:11:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-08T18:11:39Z", "ms": 1473358299472.3645 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 15:33 on Wed 7 Sep to 17:49 on Thu 8 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-07T20:33:15Z → 2016-09-08T22:49:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:24–13:12 on the 7th, 12:24–13:12 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 8475 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 8 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "muktabharana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Muktabharana vrata (purvaviddha), Lalita saptami (Bengal & Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Muktābharaṇa Vrata 2016 falls on Thursday 8 September. Saptamī runs from 15:33 on Wed 7 Sep to 17:49 on Thu 8 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/muktabharana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/radhashtami", "festival": "radhashtami", "name": "Rādhāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16648, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2016-09-08T17:49:07-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-08T22:49:07Z", "ms": 1473374947369.5977 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-09T19:41:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-10T00:41:16Z", "ms": 1473468075704.9717 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-08T17:49:07-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-08T22:49:07Z", "ms": 1473374947369.5977 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-09T19:41:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-10T00:41:16Z", "ms": 1473468075704.9717 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-08T12:23:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-08T17:23:39Z", "ms": 1473355419472.3645 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-08T13:11:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-08T18:11:39Z", "ms": 1473358299472.3645 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-09T12:23:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-09T17:23:19Z", "ms": 1473441798643.0571 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-09T13:11:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-09T18:11:19Z", "ms": 1473444678643.0571 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 17:49 on Thu 8 Sep to 19:41 on Fri 9 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-08T22:49:07Z → 2016-09-10T00:41:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:24–13:12 on the 8th, 12:23–13:11 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16648 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rādhāṣṭamī, Chicago, 2016: Friday 9 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "radhashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Durvastami (purvaviddha — S 8 of saura Bhadra except Bengal), Mahalaksmi vratarambha, Radhastami (madhyahna vyapini)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Rādhāṣṭamī 2016 falls on Friday 9 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 17:49 on Thu 8 Sep to 19:41 on Fri 9 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/radhashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-09-12", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31973, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-09-11T21:35:34-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-12T02:35:34Z", "ms": 1473647734319.049 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-12T21:26:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-13T02:26:47Z", "ms": 1473733606692.1682 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-11T21:35:34-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-12T02:35:34Z", "ms": 1473647734319.049 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-12T21:26:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-13T02:26:47Z", "ms": 1473733606692.1682 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-12T06:28:27-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-12T11:28:27Z", "ms": 1473679707499.0725 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-12T06:28:27-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-12T11:28:27Z", "ms": 1473679707499.0725 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-13T06:29:29-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-13T11:29:29Z", "ms": 1473766169167.0505 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-13T06:29:29-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-13T11:29:29Z", "ms": 1473766169167.0505 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:36 on Sun 11 Sep to 21:27 on Mon 12 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-12T02:35:34Z → 2016-09-13T02:26:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:28 on the 12th and 06:29 on the 13th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 12th and is not on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31973 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Monday 12 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Parivartanī Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Monday 12 September. Ekādaśī runs from 21:36 on Sun 11 Sep to 21:27 on Mon 12 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-09-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vamana-jayanti", "festival": "vamana-jayanti", "name": "Vāmana Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26581, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-09-12T21:26:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-13T02:26:47Z", "ms": 1473733606692.1682 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-13T20:32:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-14T01:32:55Z", "ms": 1473816775185.1616 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-12T21:26:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-13T02:26:47Z", "ms": 1473733606692.1682 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-13T20:32:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-14T01:32:55Z", "ms": 1473816775185.1616 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-12T12:22:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-12T17:22:15Z", "ms": 1473700935335.5986 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-12T13:10:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-12T18:10:15Z", "ms": 1473703815335.5986 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-13T12:21:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-13T17:21:54Z", "ms": 1473787314026.4443 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-13T13:09:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-13T18:09:54Z", "ms": 1473790194026.4443 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 21:27 on Mon 12 Sep to 20:33 on Tue 13 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-13T02:26:47Z → 2016-09-14T01:32:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:22–13:10 on the 12th, 12:22–13:10 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26581 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vāmana Jayantī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 13 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vamana-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Visnuparivartanotsava, Sakrotthana (in any of the naksatras U. Asadha, Sravana & Dhanistha), Kalki dvadasi, Sravana dvadasi (when combined with naksatra Sravana), Vamana jayanti (madhyahna vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vāmana Jayantī 2016 falls on Tuesday 13 September. Dvādaśī runs from 21:27 on Mon 12 Sep to 20:33 on Tue 13 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vamana-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-09-13", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-13", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 69, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-09-13T20:32:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-14T01:32:55Z", "ms": 1473816775185.1616 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-14T18:57:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-14T23:57:17Z", "ms": 1473897436570.281 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-13T20:32:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-14T01:32:55Z", "ms": 1473816775185.1616 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-14T18:57:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-14T23:57:17Z", "ms": 1473897436570.281 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-13T19:02:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-14T00:02:19Z", "ms": 1473811338885.8381 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-13T20:34:04-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-14T01:34:04Z", "ms": 1473816844483.4453 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 92, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-14T19:00:34-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-15T00:00:34Z", "ms": 1473897634431.1333 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-14T20:32:42-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-15T01:32:42Z", "ms": 1473903162188.9785 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 92, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:33 on Tue 13 Sep to 18:57 on Wed 14 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-14T01:32:55Z → 2016-09-14T23:57:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:02–20:34 on the 13th, 19:01–20:33 on the 14th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 1 of 92 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 92 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 69 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 13 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-14", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-13", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Tuesday 13 September. Trayodaśī runs from 20:33 on Tue 13 Sep to 18:57 on Wed 14 Sep and covers 1 of 92 minutes of pradoṣa that evening. It is 1 min 09 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-09-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ananta-chaturdashi", "festival": "ananta-chaturdashi", "name": "Ananta Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27873, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-09-14T18:57:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-14T23:57:17Z", "ms": 1473897436570.281 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-15T16:45:33-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-15T21:45:33Z", "ms": 1473975932890.6301 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-14T18:57:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-14T23:57:17Z", "ms": 1473897436570.281 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-15T16:45:33-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-15T21:45:33Z", "ms": 1473975932890.6301 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-14T06:30:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-14T11:30:31Z", "ms": 1473852630867.8916 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-14T09:00:32-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-14T14:00:32Z", "ms": 1473861631580.54 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 150, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-15T06:31:33-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-15T11:31:33Z", "ms": 1473939092614.973 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-15T09:01:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-15T14:01:00Z", "ms": 1473948060060.0264 } }, "covered_min": 149, "window_min": 149, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 18:57 on Wed 14 Sep to 16:46 on Thu 15 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-14T23:57:17Z → 2016-09-15T21:45:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:31–09:01 on the 14th, 06:32–09:01 on the 15th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 150 minutes on the 14th and 149 of 149 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27873 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ananta Caturdaśī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 15 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananta-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Ananta caturdasi (covering three muhurtas from sunrise, but one muhurta in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row asks for one muhūrta from sunrise; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Ananta Caturdaśī 2016 falls on Thursday 15 September. Caturdaśī runs from 18:57 on Wed 14 Sep to 16:46 on Thu 15 Sep and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ananta-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-09-19", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15935, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-09-19T04:36:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-19T09:36:50Z", "ms": 1474277810326.3638 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-20T01:27:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-20T06:27:39Z", "ms": 1474352859343.9258 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-19T04:36:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-19T09:36:50Z", "ms": 1474277810326.3638 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-20T01:27:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-20T06:27:39Z", "ms": 1474352859343.9258 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-18T20:22:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-19T01:22:20Z", "ms": 1474248140317.578 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-18T20:22:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-19T01:22:20Z", "ms": 1474248140317.578 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-19T21:02:04-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-20T02:02:04Z", "ms": 1474336924398.353 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-19T21:02:04-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-20T02:02:04Z", "ms": 1474336924398.353 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:37 on Mon 19 Sep to 01:28 on Tue 20 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-19T09:36:50Z → 2016-09-20T06:27:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:22 on the 18th and 21:02 on the 19th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 18th and is on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15935 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Monday 19 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2016 falls on Monday 19 September. Caturthī runs from 04:37 on Mon 19 Sep to 01:28 on Tue 20 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-09-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/chandra-shashthi", "festival": "chandra-shashthi", "name": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-20", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2823, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2016-09-20T22:32:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-21T03:32:15Z", "ms": 1474428734679.5137 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-21T19:57:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-22T00:57:31Z", "ms": 1474505851195.4624 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-20T22:32:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-21T03:32:15Z", "ms": 1474428734679.5137 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-21T19:57:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-22T00:57:31Z", "ms": 1474505851195.4624 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-20T21:45:12-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-21T02:45:12Z", "ms": 1474425912058.97 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-20T21:45:12-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-21T02:45:12Z", "ms": 1474425912058.97 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-09-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-21T22:32:33-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-22T03:32:33Z", "ms": 1474515152906.7683 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-21T22:32:33-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-22T03:32:33Z", "ms": 1474515152906.7683 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 22:32 on Tue 20 Sep to 19:58 on Wed 21 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-21T03:32:15Z → 2016-09-22T00:57:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:45 on the 20th and 22:33 on the 21st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → tithi-day · margin 2823 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 20 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chandra-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Candra sasthi (Sasthi current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-20", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-20", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Candra Ṣaṣṭhī 2016 falls on Tuesday 20 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 22:32 on Tue 20 Sep to 19:58 on Wed 21 Sep, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/chandra-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/jitashtami", "festival": "jitashtami", "name": "Jitāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Jitiya", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3451, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2016-09-22T17:49:05-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-22T22:49:05Z", "ms": 1474584545305.8005 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-23T16:10:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-23T21:10:59Z", "ms": 1474665058843.4854 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-22T17:49:05-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-22T22:49:05Z", "ms": 1474584545305.8005 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-23T16:10:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-23T21:10:59Z", "ms": 1474665058843.4854 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-22T18:46:37-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-22T23:46:37Z", "ms": 1474587996623.1304 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-22T20:21:42-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-23T01:21:42Z", "ms": 1474593702434.0798 } }, "covered_min": 95, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-23T18:44:52-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-23T23:44:52Z", "ms": 1474674292107.5974 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-23T20:20:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-24T01:20:20Z", "ms": 1474680020237.9631 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 17:49 on Thu 22 Sep to 16:11 on Fri 23 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-22T22:49:05Z → 2016-09-23T21:10:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:47–20:22 on the 22nd, 18:45–20:20 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 95 of 95 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 95 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3451 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jitāṣṭamī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 22 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "jitashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Jitāṣṭamī (Jitiya) 2016 falls on Thursday 22 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 17:49 on Thu 22 Sep to 16:11 on Fri 23 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/jitashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "festival": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "name": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20119, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2016-09-22T17:49:05-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-22T22:49:05Z", "ms": 1474584545305.8005 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-23T16:10:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-23T21:10:59Z", "ms": 1474665058843.4854 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-22T17:49:05-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-22T22:49:05Z", "ms": 1474584545305.8005 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-23T16:10:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-23T21:10:59Z", "ms": 1474665058843.4854 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-22T23:24:24-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-23T04:24:24Z", "ms": 1474604664067.133 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-22T23:24:24-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-23T04:24:24Z", "ms": 1474604664067.133 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-24T00:20:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-24T05:20:20Z", "ms": 1474694419776.693 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-24T00:20:20-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-24T05:20:20Z", "ms": 1474694419776.693 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 17:49 on Thu 22 Sep to 16:11 on Fri 23 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-22T22:49:05Z → 2016-09-23T21:10:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:24 on the 22nd and 00:20 on the 23rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 22nd and is not on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20119 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 22 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana 2016 falls on Thursday 22 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 17:49 on Thu 22 Sep to 16:11 on Fri 23 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-09-26", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Indirā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28222, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-09-25T14:33:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-25T19:33:15Z", "ms": 1474831994727.397 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-26T14:33:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-26T19:33:21Z", "ms": 1474918401303.7654 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-25T14:33:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-25T19:33:15Z", "ms": 1474831994727.397 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-26T14:33:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-26T19:33:21Z", "ms": 1474918401303.7654 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-25T06:41:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-25T11:41:56Z", "ms": 1474803716155.9946 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-25T06:41:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-25T11:41:56Z", "ms": 1474803716155.9946 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-26T06:42:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-26T11:42:59Z", "ms": 1474890179425.556 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-26T06:42:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-26T11:42:59Z", "ms": 1474890179425.556 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:33 on Sun 25 Sep to 14:33 on Mon 26 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-25T19:33:15Z → 2016-09-26T19:33:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:42 on the 25th and 06:43 on the 26th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 25th and is on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28222 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Indirā Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Monday 26 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Indirā Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Monday 26 September. Ekādaśī runs from 14:33 on Sun 25 Sep to 14:33 on Mon 26 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-09-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-09-27", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9234, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-09-27T15:03:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-27T20:03:54Z", "ms": 1475006633646.4592 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-28T16:02:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-28T21:02:19Z", "ms": 1475096538611.402 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-27T15:03:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-27T20:03:54Z", "ms": 1475006633646.4592 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-28T16:02:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-28T21:02:19Z", "ms": 1475096538611.402 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-27T18:37:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-27T23:37:56Z", "ms": 1475019475832.1008 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-27T20:14:53-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-28T01:14:53Z", "ms": 1475025293266.6528 } }, "covered_min": 97, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-28T18:36:12-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-28T23:36:12Z", "ms": 1475105772352.2297 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-28T20:13:32-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-29T01:13:32Z", "ms": 1475111612105.3977 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 15:04 on Tue 27 Sep to 16:02 on Wed 28 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-27T20:03:54Z → 2016-09-28T21:02:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:38–20:15 on the 27th, 18:36–20:14 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 97 of 97 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 97 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9234 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 27 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Tuesday 27 September. Trayodaśī runs from 15:04 on Tue 27 Sep to 16:02 on Wed 28 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-09-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-09-28", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24665, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-09-28T16:02:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-28T21:02:19Z", "ms": 1475096538611.402 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-29T17:25:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-29T22:25:47Z", "ms": 1475187947239.1138 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-28T16:02:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-28T21:02:19Z", "ms": 1475096538611.402 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-29T17:25:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-29T22:25:47Z", "ms": 1475187947239.1138 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-29T00:17:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-29T05:17:11Z", "ms": 1475126231426.6096 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-29T01:05:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-29T06:05:11Z", "ms": 1475129111426.6096 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-30T00:16:52-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-30T05:16:52Z", "ms": 1475212611900.5278 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-30T01:04:52-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-30T06:04:52Z", "ms": 1475215491900.5278 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 16:02 on Wed 28 Sep to 17:26 on Thu 29 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-28T21:02:19Z → 2016-09-29T22:25:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:17–01:05 on the 28th, 00:17–01:05 on the 29th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24665 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 28 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śivarātri 2016 falls on Wednesday 28 September. Caturdaśī runs from 16:02 on Wed 28 Sep to 17:26 on Thu 29 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-09-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/mahalaya-amavasya", "festival": "mahalaya-amavasya", "name": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā", "everyday": "Sarvapitṛ Amāvāsyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-09-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4378, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2016-09-29T17:25:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-29T22:25:47Z", "ms": 1475187947239.1138 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-30T19:11:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-01T00:11:23Z", "ms": 1475280682524.8289 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-29T17:25:47-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-29T22:25:47Z", "ms": 1475187947239.1138 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-30T19:11:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-01T00:11:23Z", "ms": 1475280682524.8289 } }, "kaala": "aparahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-29T13:51:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-29T18:51:10Z", "ms": 1475175069698.7544 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-29T16:12:49-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-29T21:12:49Z", "ms": 1475183569431.3428 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 142, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-30T13:50:34-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-30T18:50:34Z", "ms": 1475261433631.9153 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-30T16:11:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-30T21:11:40Z", "ms": 1475269899963.5122 } }, "covered_min": 141, "window_min": 141, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 17:26 on Thu 29 Sep to 19:11 on Fri 30 Sep.", "fact": "2016-09-29T22:25:47Z → 2016-10-01T00:11:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aparāhṇa is 10th to 12th of 15 day muhūrtas: 13:51–16:13 on the 29th, 13:51–16:12 on the 30th.", "fact": "aparahna: day-muhurta-10-12 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during aparāhṇa. It covers 0 of 142 minutes on the 29th and 141 of 141 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4378 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā, Chicago, 2016: Friday 30 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalaya-amavasya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Mahalaya amavasya (aparahnavyapini)" } ], "not_evaluated": "The note on p. 106 gives the first day in a decreasing tithimāna and the second in an increasing one, when amāvāsyā covers the whole of aparāhṇa on both days; tithimāna is not computed.", "kaala": "aparahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Mahālaya Amāvāsyā 2016 falls on Friday 30 September. Amāvasyā runs from 17:26 on Thu 29 Sep to 19:11 on Fri 30 Sep and covers all of aparāhṇa that afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/mahalaya-amavasya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/navaratra-arambha", "festival": "navaratra-arambha", "name": "Navarātrārambha", "everyday": "Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22042, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2016-09-30T19:11:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-01T00:11:23Z", "ms": 1475280682524.8289 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-01T21:15:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-02T02:15:50Z", "ms": 1475374549878.6943 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-09-30T19:11:23-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-01T00:11:23Z", "ms": 1475280682524.8289 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-01T21:15:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-02T02:15:50Z", "ms": 1475374549878.6943 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-09-30T12:16:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-30T17:16:00Z", "ms": 1475255760466.1167 }, "end": { "local": "2016-09-30T13:04:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-09-30T18:04:00Z", "ms": 1475258640466.1167 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-01T12:15:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-01T17:15:41Z", "ms": 1475342141389.9998 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-01T13:03:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-01T18:03:41Z", "ms": 1475345021389.9998 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 19:11 on Fri 30 Sep to 21:16 on Sat 1 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-01T00:11:23Z → 2016-10-02T02:15:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:16–13:04 on the 30th, 12:16–13:04 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22042 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 1 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Navarātrārambha (Navratri) 2016 falls on Saturday 1 October. Pratipadā runs from 19:11 on Fri 30 Sep to 21:16 on Sat 1 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/navaratra-arambha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-10-04", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27500, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-10-04T02:04:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-04T07:04:17Z", "ms": 1475564656865.609 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-05T04:36:09-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-05T09:36:09Z", "ms": 1475660168738.8538 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-04T02:04:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-04T07:04:17Z", "ms": 1475564656865.609 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-05T04:36:09-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-05T09:36:09Z", "ms": 1475660168738.8538 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-04T12:14:46-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-04T17:14:46Z", "ms": 1475601286072.8345 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-04T13:02:46-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-04T18:02:46Z", "ms": 1475604166072.8345 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-10-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-05T12:14:28-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-05T17:14:28Z", "ms": 1475687668328.4329 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-05T13:02:28-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-05T18:02:28Z", "ms": 1475690548328.4329 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 02:04 on Tue 4 Oct to 04:36 on Wed 5 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-04T07:04:17Z → 2016-10-05T09:36:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:15–13:03 on the 4th, 12:14–13:02 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27500 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 4 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vināyaka Caturthī 2016 falls on Tuesday 4 October. Caturthī runs from 02:04 on Tue 4 Oct to 04:36 on Wed 5 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-10-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/durga-saptami", "festival": "durga-saptami", "name": "Durgā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5470, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2016-10-07T09:11:45-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-07T14:11:45Z", "ms": 1475849505340.6724 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-08T10:54:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-08T15:54:41Z", "ms": 1475942081293.7466 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-07T09:11:45-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-07T14:11:45Z", "ms": 1475849505340.6724 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-08T10:54:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-08T15:54:41Z", "ms": 1475942081293.7466 } }, "kaala": "udaya-1", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-07T06:54:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-07T11:54:50Z", "ms": 1475841290407.7 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-07T07:40:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-07T12:40:35Z", "ms": 1475844034884.9746 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 46, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-08T06:55:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-08T11:55:57Z", "ms": 1475927756554.3564 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-08T07:41:30-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-08T12:41:30Z", "ms": 1475930490003.9634 } }, "covered_min": 46, "window_min": 46, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 09:12 on Fri 7 Oct to 10:55 on Sat 8 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-07T14:11:45Z → 2016-10-08T15:54:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first muhūrta after sunrise is 1st of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:55–07:41 on the 7th, 06:56–07:42 on the 8th.", "fact": "udaya-1: day-muhurta-1-1 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must hold through the first muhūrta after sunrise. It covers 0 of 46 minutes on the 7th and 46 of 46 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5470 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Saptamī, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 8 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Durga saptami (paraviddha) — covering one muhurta from sunrise" } ], "kaala": "udaya-1", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Durgā Saptamī 2016 falls on Saturday 8 October. Saptamī runs from 09:12 on Fri 7 Oct to 10:55 on Sat 8 Oct and covers all of the first muhūrta after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/durga-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/mahashtami", "festival": "mahashtami", "name": "Mahāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Durga Ashtami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 733, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2016-10-08T10:54:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-08T15:54:41Z", "ms": 1475942081293.7466 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-09T12:01:09-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-09T17:01:09Z", "ms": 1476032468594.0432 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-08T10:54:41-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-08T15:54:41Z", "ms": 1475942081293.7466 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-09T12:01:09-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-09T17:01:09Z", "ms": 1476032468594.0432 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-08T12:13:37-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-08T17:13:37Z", "ms": 1475946817426.4092 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-08T13:01:37-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-08T18:01:37Z", "ms": 1475949697426.4092 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-09T12:13:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-09T17:13:21Z", "ms": 1476033201296.4136 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-09T13:01:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-09T18:01:21Z", "ms": 1476036081296.4136 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 10:55 on Sat 8 Oct to 12:01 on Sun 9 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-08T15:54:41Z → 2016-10-09T17:01:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:14–13:02 on the 8th, 12:13–13:01 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 733 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāṣṭamī, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 8 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 2016 falls on Saturday 8 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 10:55 on Sat 8 Oct to 12:01 on Sun 9 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/mahashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/mahanavami", "festival": "mahanavami", "name": "Mahānavamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 638, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2016-10-09T12:01:09-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-09T17:01:09Z", "ms": 1476032468594.0432 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-10T12:23:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-10T17:23:44Z", "ms": 1476120224088.3738 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-09T12:01:09-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-09T17:01:09Z", "ms": 1476032468594.0432 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-10T12:23:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-10T17:23:44Z", "ms": 1476120224088.3738 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-09T12:13:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-09T17:13:21Z", "ms": 1476033201296.4136 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-09T13:01:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-09T18:01:21Z", "ms": 1476036081296.4136 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-10T12:13:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-10T17:13:06Z", "ms": 1476119585615.9688 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-10T13:01:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-10T18:01:06Z", "ms": 1476122465615.9688 } }, "covered_min": 11, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 12:01 on Sun 9 Oct to 12:24 on Mon 10 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-09T17:01:09Z → 2016-10-10T17:23:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:13–13:01 on the 9th, 12:13–13:01 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 11 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 638 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahānavamī, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 9 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahanavami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Mahanavami (purvaviddha) (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha covering one muhurta from sunrise)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Mahānavamī 2016 falls on Sunday 9 October. Navamī runs from 12:01 on Sun 9 Oct to 12:24 on Mon 10 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 11 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/mahanavami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vijaya-dashami", "festival": "vijaya-dashami", "name": "Vijayā Daśamī", "everyday": "Dussehra", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-10", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 9030, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 9, "key": "dashami", "name": "Daśamī", "start": { "local": "2016-10-10T12:23:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-10T17:23:44Z", "ms": 1476120224088.3738 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-11T11:58:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-11T16:58:21Z", "ms": 1476205101023.6462 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "conjunction", "start": { "local": "2016-10-10T12:23:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-10T17:23:44Z", "ms": 1476120224088.3738 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-11T09:29:46-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-11T14:29:46Z", "ms": 1476196186320.5786 }, "nakshatra": { "type": "nakshatra", "index": 21, "key": "shravana", "name": "Śravaṇa", "start": { "local": "2016-10-10T09:10:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-10T14:10:06Z", "ms": 1476108605689.2864 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-11T09:29:46-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-11T14:29:46Z", "ms": 1476196186320.5786 } } }, "kaala": "daytime", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-10T06:58:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-10T11:58:10Z", "ms": 1476100689673.759 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-10T18:16:02-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-10T23:16:02Z", "ms": 1476141361558.1785 } }, "covered_min": 352, "window_min": 678, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-11T06:59:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-11T11:59:17Z", "ms": 1476187156656.0645 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-11T18:14:24-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-11T23:14:24Z", "ms": 1476227664152.4187 } }, "covered_min": 150, "window_min": 675, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Daśamī runs from 12:24 on Mon 10 Oct to 11:58 on Tue 11 Oct, and Śravaṇa from 09:10 on Mon 10 Oct to 09:30 on Tue 11 Oct. They are together from 12:24 on Mon 10 Oct to 09:30 on Tue 11 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-10T17:23:44Z → 2016-10-11T14:29:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day time is sunrise to sunset: 06:58–18:16 on the 10th, 06:59–18:14 on the 11th.", "fact": "daytime: sunrise-to-sunset · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Where Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time, that day is taken. Together they cover 352 of 678 minutes on the 10th and 150 of 675 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both days qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 9030 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Daśamī, Chicago, 2016: Monday 10 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vijaya-dashami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 10 Vijaya dasami (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha, covering one muhurta from sunrise. In other places, if it touches Sravana naksatra in the day time it is observed on that day), Sarasvati visarjana (to be observed in naksatra Sravana), Dasahara." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day", "conjunction": { "nakshatra": "Śravaṇa", "kaala": "daytime" } }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-10", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-10", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vijayā Daśamī (Dussehra) 2016 falls on Monday 10 October. Daśamī runs from 12:24 on Mon 10 Oct to 11:58 on Tue 11 Oct and is with Śravaṇa in the day time that day, for 352 minutes. They are together in the day time on the next day too, for 150 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the day they share longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vijaya-dashami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-10-12", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13447, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-10-11T11:58:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-11T16:58:21Z", "ms": 1476205101023.6462 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-12T10:44:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-12T15:44:31Z", "ms": 1476287071159.6204 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-11T11:58:21-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-11T16:58:21Z", "ms": 1476205101023.6462 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-12T10:44:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-12T15:44:31Z", "ms": 1476287071159.6204 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-11T06:59:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-11T11:59:17Z", "ms": 1476187156656.0645 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-11T06:59:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-11T11:59:17Z", "ms": 1476187156656.0645 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-10-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-12T07:00:24-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-12T12:00:24Z", "ms": 1476273623926.9553 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-12T07:00:24-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-12T12:00:24Z", "ms": 1476273623926.9553 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:58 on Tue 11 Oct to 10:45 on Wed 12 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-11T16:58:21Z → 2016-10-12T15:44:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:59 on the 11th and 07:00 on the 12th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 11th and is on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13447 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 12 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Wednesday 12 October. Ekādaśī runs from 11:58 on Tue 11 Oct to 10:45 on Wed 12 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-10-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-10-13", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33959, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-10-13T08:45:13-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-13T13:45:13Z", "ms": 1476366312858.4946 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-14T06:06:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-14T11:06:17Z", "ms": 1476443177046.256 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-13T08:45:13-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-13T13:45:13Z", "ms": 1476366312858.4946 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-14T06:06:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-14T11:06:17Z", "ms": 1476443177046.256 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-13T18:11:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-13T23:11:11Z", "ms": 1476400271441.3462 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-13T19:54:03-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-14T00:54:03Z", "ms": 1476406443163.6921 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-14T18:09:36-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-14T23:09:36Z", "ms": 1476486576207.2114 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-14T19:52:50-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-15T00:52:50Z", "ms": 1476492769717.5222 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:45 on Thu 13 Oct to 06:06 on Fri 14 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-13T13:45:13Z → 2016-10-14T11:06:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:11–19:54 on the 13th, 18:10–19:53 on the 14th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 103 of 103 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 103 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33959 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 13 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Thursday 13 October. Trayodaśī runs from 08:45 on Thu 13 Oct to 06:06 on Fri 14 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-10-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/karaka-chaturthi", "festival": "karaka-chaturthi", "name": "Karaka Caturthī", "everyday": "Karwa Chauth", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29162, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-10-18T12:17:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-18T17:17:58Z", "ms": 1476811078311.3867 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-19T09:02:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-19T14:02:35Z", "ms": 1476885754893.7693 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-18T12:17:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-18T17:17:58Z", "ms": 1476811078311.3867 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-19T09:02:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-19T14:02:35Z", "ms": 1476885754893.7693 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-18T20:24:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-19T01:24:00Z", "ms": 1476840240178.2864 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-18T20:24:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-19T01:24:00Z", "ms": 1476840240178.2864 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-19T21:15:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-20T02:15:59Z", "ms": 1476929759098.3977 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-19T21:15:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-20T02:15:59Z", "ms": 1476929759098.3977 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:18 on Tue 18 Oct to 09:03 on Wed 19 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-18T17:17:58Z → 2016-10-19T14:02:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:24 on the 18th and 21:16 on the 19th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 18th and is not on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 29162 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Karaka Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 18 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "karaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Karaka caturthi (current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Karaka Caturthī (Karwa Chauth) 2016 falls on Tuesday 18 October. Caturthī runs from 12:18 on Tue 18 Oct to 09:03 on Wed 19 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/karaka-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-10-18", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29162, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-10-18T12:17:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-18T17:17:58Z", "ms": 1476811078311.3867 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-19T09:02:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-19T14:02:35Z", "ms": 1476885754893.7693 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-18T12:17:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-18T17:17:58Z", "ms": 1476811078311.3867 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-19T09:02:35-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-19T14:02:35Z", "ms": 1476885754893.7693 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-18T20:24:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-19T01:24:00Z", "ms": 1476840240178.2864 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-18T20:24:00-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-19T01:24:00Z", "ms": 1476840240178.2864 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-19T21:15:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-20T02:15:59Z", "ms": 1476929759098.3977 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-19T21:15:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-20T02:15:59Z", "ms": 1476929759098.3977 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:18 on Tue 18 Oct to 09:03 on Wed 19 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-18T17:17:58Z → 2016-10-19T14:02:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:24 on the 18th and 21:16 on the 19th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 18th and is not on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29162 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 18 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2016 falls on Tuesday 18 October. Caturthī runs from 12:18 on Tue 18 Oct to 09:03 on Wed 19 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-10-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ahoyi-ashtami", "festival": "ahoyi-ashtami", "name": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6310, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2016-10-22T02:40:28-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-22T07:40:28Z", "ms": 1477122027760.894 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-23T01:58:22-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-23T06:58:22Z", "ms": 1477205901823.89 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-22T02:40:28-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-22T07:40:28Z", "ms": 1477122027760.894 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-23T01:58:22-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-23T06:58:22Z", "ms": 1477205901823.89 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-21T23:11:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-22T04:11:59Z", "ms": 1477109518580.101 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-21T23:11:59-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-22T04:11:59Z", "ms": 1477109518580.101 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-23T00:13:12-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-23T05:13:12Z", "ms": 1477199591643.6287 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-23T00:13:12-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-23T05:13:12Z", "ms": 1477199591643.6287 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 02:40 on Sat 22 Oct to 01:58 on Sun 23 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-22T07:40:28Z → 2016-10-23T06:58:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:12 on the 21st and 00:13 on the 22nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6310 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 22 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ahoyi-ashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Ahoyi astami (Gujerat) (current at moonrise), Karastami (Maharashtra). If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Ahoyī Aṣṭamī 2016 falls on Saturday 22 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 02:40 on Sat 22 Oct to 01:58 on Sun 23 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ahoyi-ashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-10-25", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ramā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11768, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-10-25T02:43:07-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-25T07:43:07Z", "ms": 1477381386782.6416 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-26T04:00:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-26T09:00:31Z", "ms": 1477472430745.5442 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-25T02:43:07-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-25T07:43:07Z", "ms": 1477381386782.6416 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-26T04:00:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-26T09:00:31Z", "ms": 1477472430745.5442 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-25T07:15:27-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-25T12:15:27Z", "ms": 1477397727436.2593 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-25T07:15:27-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-25T12:15:27Z", "ms": 1477397727436.2593 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-26T07:16:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-26T12:16:39Z", "ms": 1477484199203.7024 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-26T07:16:39-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-26T12:16:39Z", "ms": 1477484199203.7024 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 02:43 on Tue 25 Oct to 04:01 on Wed 26 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-25T07:43:07Z → 2016-10-26T09:00:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:15 on the 25th and 07:17 on the 26th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 25th and is not on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11768 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ramā Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 25 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Ramā Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Tuesday 25 October. Ekādaśī runs from 02:43 on Tue 25 Oct to 04:01 on Wed 26 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-10-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/govatsa-dvadashi", "festival": "govatsa-dvadashi", "name": "Govatsa Dvādaśī", "everyday": "Vasu Baras", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30013, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 26, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-10-26T04:00:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-26T09:00:31Z", "ms": 1477472430745.5442 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-27T05:45:32-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-27T10:45:32Z", "ms": 1477565131975.806 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-26T04:00:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-26T09:00:31Z", "ms": 1477472430745.5442 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-27T05:45:32-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-27T10:45:32Z", "ms": 1477565131975.806 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-25T17:53:09-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-25T22:53:09Z", "ms": 1477435989371.5156 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-25T19:40:17-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-26T00:40:17Z", "ms": 1477442417349.1406 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-26T17:51:46-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-26T22:51:46Z", "ms": 1477522306130.7017 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-26T19:39:15-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-27T00:39:15Z", "ms": 1477528754814.353 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 04:01 on Wed 26 Oct to 05:46 on Thu 27 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-26T09:00:31Z → 2016-10-27T10:45:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:53–19:40 on the 25th, 17:52–19:39 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 107 minutes on the 25th and 107 of 107 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 30013 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govatsa Dvādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 26 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govatsa-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 12 Govatsa dvadasi (pradosa vyapini). If occurs on two days, it is to be observed on the first day." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vasu Baras) 2016 falls on Wednesday 26 October. Dvādaśī runs from 04:01 on Wed 26 Oct to 05:46 on Thu 27 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/govatsa-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/yama-dipadana", "festival": "yama-dipadana", "name": "Yama Dīpadāna", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35886, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-10-27T05:45:32-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-27T10:45:32Z", "ms": 1477565131975.806 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-28T07:50:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-28T12:50:58Z", "ms": 1477659057641.87 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-27T05:45:32-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-27T10:45:32Z", "ms": 1477565131975.806 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-28T07:50:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-28T12:50:58Z", "ms": 1477659057641.87 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-27T17:50:24-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-27T22:50:24Z", "ms": 1477608624121.0286 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-27T19:38:13-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-28T00:38:13Z", "ms": 1477615093382.782 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-28T17:49:03-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-28T22:49:03Z", "ms": 1477694943376.7974 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-28T19:37:13-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-29T00:37:13Z", "ms": 1477701433081.9011 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:46 on Thu 27 Oct to 07:51 on Fri 28 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-27T10:45:32Z → 2016-10-28T12:50:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:50–19:38 on the 27th, 17:49–19:37 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 108 of 108 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 108 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35886 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dīpadāna, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dipadana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 13 Yama dipadana (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Yama Dīpadāna 2016 falls on Thursday 27 October. Trayodaśī runs from 05:46 on Thu 27 Oct to 07:51 on Fri 28 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/yama-dipadana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-10-27", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35886, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-10-27T05:45:32-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-27T10:45:32Z", "ms": 1477565131975.806 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-28T07:50:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-28T12:50:58Z", "ms": 1477659057641.87 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-27T05:45:32-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-27T10:45:32Z", "ms": 1477565131975.806 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-28T07:50:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-28T12:50:58Z", "ms": 1477659057641.87 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-27T17:50:24-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-27T22:50:24Z", "ms": 1477608624121.0286 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-27T19:38:13-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-28T00:38:13Z", "ms": 1477615093382.782 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-28T17:49:03-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-28T22:49:03Z", "ms": 1477694943376.7974 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-28T19:37:13-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-29T00:37:13Z", "ms": 1477701433081.9011 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:46 on Thu 27 Oct to 07:51 on Fri 28 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-27T10:45:32Z → 2016-10-28T12:50:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:50–19:38 on the 27th, 17:49–19:37 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 108 of 108 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 108 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35886 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Thursday 27 October. Trayodaśī runs from 05:46 on Thu 27 Oct to 07:51 on Fri 28 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-10-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-10-28", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24734, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-10-28T07:50:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-28T12:50:58Z", "ms": 1477659057641.87 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-29T10:10:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-29T15:10:19Z", "ms": 1477753818901.6858 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-28T07:50:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-28T12:50:58Z", "ms": 1477659057641.87 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-29T10:10:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-29T15:10:19Z", "ms": 1477753818901.6858 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-28T00:10:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-28T05:10:44Z", "ms": 1477631443852.604 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-28T00:58:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-28T05:58:44Z", "ms": 1477634323852.604 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-29T00:10:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-29T05:10:40Z", "ms": 1477717839770.936 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-29T00:58:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-29T05:58:40Z", "ms": 1477720719770.936 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 07:51 on Fri 28 Oct to 10:10 on Sat 29 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-28T12:50:58Z → 2016-10-29T15:10:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:11–00:59 on the 27th, 00:11–00:59 on the 28th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24734 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Chicago, 2016: Friday 28 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śivarātri 2016 falls on Friday 28 October. Caturdaśī runs from 07:51 on Fri 28 Oct to 10:10 on Sat 29 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-10-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/naraka-chaturdashi", "festival": "naraka-chaturdashi", "name": "Naraka Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Choti Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1914, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-10-28T07:50:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-28T12:50:58Z", "ms": 1477659057641.87 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-29T10:10:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-29T15:10:19Z", "ms": 1477753818901.6858 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-28T07:50:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-28T12:50:58Z", "ms": 1477659057641.87 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-29T10:10:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-29T15:10:19Z", "ms": 1477753818901.6858 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-28T05:31:14-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-28T10:31:14Z", "ms": 1477650674322.4263 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-28T07:19:04-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-28T12:19:04Z", "ms": 1477657143584.1797 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-29T05:32:06-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-29T10:32:06Z", "ms": 1477737126459.971 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-29T07:20:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-29T12:20:16Z", "ms": 1477743616165.0747 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 07:51 on Fri 28 Oct to 10:10 on Sat 29 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-28T12:50:58Z → 2016-10-29T15:10:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:31–07:19 on the 28th, 05:32–07:20 on the 29th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 108 minutes on the 28th and 108 of 108 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1914 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Naraka Caturdaśī, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naraka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Naraka caturdasi (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Naraka Caturdaśī (Choti Diwali) 2016 falls on Saturday 29 October. Caturdaśī runs from 07:51 on Fri 28 Oct to 10:10 on Sat 29 Oct and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/naraka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "festival": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "name": "Lakṣmī Pūjā", "everyday": "Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18495, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2016-10-29T10:10:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-29T15:10:19Z", "ms": 1477753818901.6858 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-30T12:38:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T17:38:10Z", "ms": 1477849090488.9995 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-29T10:10:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-29T15:10:19Z", "ms": 1477753818901.6858 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-30T12:38:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T17:38:10Z", "ms": 1477849090488.9995 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-29T17:47:44-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-29T22:47:44Z", "ms": 1477781263932.293 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-29T19:36:14-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T00:36:14Z", "ms": 1477787773938.9495 } }, "covered_min": 109, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-30T17:46:26-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T22:46:26Z", "ms": 1477867585821.865 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-30T19:35:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-31T00:35:16Z", "ms": 1477874115981.0073 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 10:10 on Sat 29 Oct to 12:38 on Sun 30 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-29T15:10:19Z → 2016-10-30T17:38:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:48–19:36 on the 29th, 17:46–19:35 on the 30th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 109 of 109 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 109 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18495 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pūjā, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali) 2016 falls on Saturday 29 October. Amāvasyā runs from 10:10 on Sat 29 Oct to 12:38 on Sun 30 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/kali-puja", "festival": "kali-puja", "name": "Kālī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33099, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2016-10-29T10:10:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-29T15:10:19Z", "ms": 1477753818901.6858 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-30T12:38:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T17:38:10Z", "ms": 1477849090488.9995 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-29T10:10:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-29T15:10:19Z", "ms": 1477753818901.6858 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-30T12:38:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T17:38:10Z", "ms": 1477849090488.9995 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-29T00:10:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-29T05:10:40Z", "ms": 1477717839770.936 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-29T00:58:40-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-29T05:58:40Z", "ms": 1477720719770.936 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-30T00:10:36-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T05:10:36Z", "ms": 1477804236457.2554 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-30T00:58:36-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T05:58:36Z", "ms": 1477807116457.2554 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 10:10 on Sat 29 Oct to 12:38 on Sun 30 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-29T15:10:19Z → 2016-10-30T17:38:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:11–00:59 on the 28th, 00:11–00:59 on the 29th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33099 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kālī Pūjā, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kālī Pūjā 2016 falls on Saturday 29 October. Amāvasyā runs from 10:10 on Sat 29 Oct to 12:38 on Sun 30 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/kali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/govardhana-puja", "festival": "govardhana-puja", "name": "Govardhana Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1187, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2016-10-30T12:38:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T17:38:10Z", "ms": 1477849090488.9995 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-31T15:09:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-31T20:09:58Z", "ms": 1477944597516.3037 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-30T12:38:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T17:38:10Z", "ms": 1477849090488.9995 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-31T15:09:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-31T20:09:58Z", "ms": 1477944597516.3037 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-30T12:09:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T17:09:57Z", "ms": 1477847397402.0413 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-30T12:57:57-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T17:57:57Z", "ms": 1477850277402.0413 } }, "covered_min": 20, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-31T12:09:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-31T17:09:56Z", "ms": 1477933795547.7136 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-31T12:57:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-31T17:57:56Z", "ms": 1477936675547.7136 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 12:38 on Sun 30 Oct to 15:10 on Mon 31 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-30T17:38:10Z → 2016-10-31T20:09:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 30th, 12:10–12:58 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 20 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 1187 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govardhana Pūjā, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govardhana-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Govardhana Pūjā 2016 falls on Sunday 30 October. Pratipadā runs from 12:38 on Sun 30 Oct to 15:10 on Mon 31 Oct and covers 20 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/govardhana-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/bali-puja", "festival": "bali-puja", "name": "Bali Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9312, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2016-10-30T12:38:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T17:38:10Z", "ms": 1477849090488.9995 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-31T15:09:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-31T20:09:58Z", "ms": 1477944597516.3037 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-30T12:38:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T17:38:10Z", "ms": 1477849090488.9995 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-31T15:09:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-31T20:09:58Z", "ms": 1477944597516.3037 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-30T17:46:26-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T22:46:26Z", "ms": 1477867585821.865 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-30T19:35:16-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-31T00:35:16Z", "ms": 1477874115981.0073 } }, "covered_min": 109, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-31T17:45:09-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-31T22:45:09Z", "ms": 1477953909079.9944 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-31T19:34:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-01T00:34:19Z", "ms": 1477960459235.1309 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 12:38 on Sun 30 Oct to 15:10 on Mon 31 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-30T17:38:10Z → 2016-10-31T20:09:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:46–19:35 on the 30th, 17:45–19:34 on the 31st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 109 of 109 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 109 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9312 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bali Pūjā, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Bali Pūjā 2016 falls on Sunday 30 October. Pratipadā runs from 12:38 on Sun 30 Oct to 15:10 on Mon 31 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/bali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/dyuta-pratipad", "festival": "dyuta-pratipad", "name": "Dyūta Pratipad", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-10-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6503, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2016-10-30T12:38:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T17:38:10Z", "ms": 1477849090488.9995 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-31T15:09:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-31T20:09:58Z", "ms": 1477944597516.3037 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-30T12:38:10-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T17:38:10Z", "ms": 1477849090488.9995 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-31T15:09:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-31T20:09:58Z", "ms": 1477944597516.3037 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-30T07:21:29-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T12:21:29Z", "ms": 1477830088982.2175 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-30T10:49:48-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-30T15:49:48Z", "ms": 1477842587928.7666 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 208, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-31T07:22:42-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-31T12:22:42Z", "ms": 1477916562015.4329 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-31T10:50:11-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-31T15:50:11Z", "ms": 1477929011036.9534 } }, "covered_min": 207, "window_min": 207, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 12:38 on Sun 30 Oct to 15:10 on Mon 31 Oct.", "fact": "2016-10-30T17:38:10Z → 2016-10-31T20:09:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 07:21–10:50 on the 30th, 07:23–10:50 on the 31st.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 208 minutes on the 30th and 207 of 207 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6503 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dyūta Pratipad, Chicago, 2016: Monday 31 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dyuta-pratipad", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Dyūta Pratipad 2016 falls on Monday 31 October. Pratipadā runs from 12:38 on Sun 30 Oct to 15:10 on Mon 31 Oct and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/dyuta-pratipad", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/yama-dvitiya", "festival": "yama-dvitiya", "name": "Yama Dvitīyā", "everyday": "Bhai Dooj", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-11-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7922, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2016-10-31T15:09:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-31T20:09:58Z", "ms": 1477944597516.3037 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-01T17:41:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-01T22:41:18Z", "ms": 1478040078332.5015 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-10-31T15:09:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-31T20:09:58Z", "ms": 1477944597516.3037 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-01T17:41:18-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-01T22:41:18Z", "ms": 1478040078332.5015 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-10-31T12:09:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-31T17:09:56Z", "ms": 1477933795547.7136 }, "end": { "local": "2016-10-31T12:57:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-10-31T17:57:56Z", "ms": 1477936675547.7136 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-01T12:09:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-01T17:09:54Z", "ms": 1478020194492.2207 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-01T12:57:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-01T17:57:54Z", "ms": 1478023074492.2207 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 15:10 on Mon 31 Oct to 17:41 on Tue 1 Nov.", "fact": "2016-10-31T20:09:58Z → 2016-11-01T22:41:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 31st, 12:10–12:58 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 7922 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dvitīyā, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 1 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dvitiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Bhratrdvitiya, Yamadvitiya (madhyahna, purvaviddha), Masyadhara (Dwat) puja (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Yama Dvitīyā (Bhai Dooj) 2016 falls on Tuesday 1 November. Dvitīyā runs from 15:10 on Mon 31 Oct to 17:41 on Tue 1 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/yama-dvitiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/naga-chaturthi", "festival": "naga-chaturthi", "name": "Nāga Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25765, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-11-02T20:07:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-03T01:07:19Z", "ms": 1478135238791.3384 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-03T22:21:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-04T03:21:56Z", "ms": 1478229715726.7212 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-11-02T20:07:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-03T01:07:19Z", "ms": 1478135238791.3384 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-03T22:21:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-04T03:21:56Z", "ms": 1478229715726.7212 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-02T12:09:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-02T17:09:54Z", "ms": 1478106594241.3289 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-02T12:57:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-02T17:57:54Z", "ms": 1478109474241.3289 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-03T12:09:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-03T17:09:55Z", "ms": 1478192994800.2124 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-03T12:57:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-03T17:57:55Z", "ms": 1478195874800.2124 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:07 on Wed 2 Nov to 22:22 on Thu 3 Nov.", "fact": "2016-11-03T01:07:19Z → 2016-11-04T03:21:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 2nd, 12:10–12:58 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25765 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Naga caturthi (paraviddha and madhyahnavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Nāga Caturthī 2016 falls on Thursday 3 November. Caturthī runs from 20:07 on Wed 2 Nov to 22:22 on Thu 3 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/naga-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-11-03", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25765, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-11-02T20:07:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-03T01:07:19Z", "ms": 1478135238791.3384 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-03T22:21:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-04T03:21:56Z", "ms": 1478229715726.7212 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-11-02T20:07:19-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-03T01:07:19Z", "ms": 1478135238791.3384 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-03T22:21:56-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-04T03:21:56Z", "ms": 1478229715726.7212 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-02T12:09:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-02T17:09:54Z", "ms": 1478106594241.3289 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-02T12:57:54-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-02T17:57:54Z", "ms": 1478109474241.3289 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-03T12:09:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-03T17:09:55Z", "ms": 1478192994800.2124 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-03T12:57:55-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-03T17:57:55Z", "ms": 1478195874800.2124 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:07 on Wed 2 Nov to 22:22 on Thu 3 Nov.", "fact": "2016-11-03T01:07:19Z → 2016-11-04T03:21:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 2nd, 12:10–12:58 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25765 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vināyaka Caturthī 2016 falls on Thursday 3 November. Caturthī runs from 20:07 on Wed 2 Nov to 22:22 on Thu 3 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-11-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/surya-shashthi", "festival": "surya-shashthi", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī", "everyday": "Chhath", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-11-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37410, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2016-11-05T00:17:46-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-05T05:17:46Z", "ms": 1478323065995.0952 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-06T01:46:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-06T06:46:31Z", "ms": 1478414791050.3406 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-11-05T00:17:46-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-05T05:17:46Z", "ms": 1478323065995.0952 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-06T01:46:31-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-06T06:46:31Z", "ms": 1478414791050.3406 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-05T12:09:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-05T17:09:58Z", "ms": 1478365798365.2886 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-05T12:57:58-05:00", "utc": "2016-11-05T17:57:58Z", "ms": 1478368678365.2886 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-06T11:10:01-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-06T17:10:01Z", "ms": 1478452201379.2065 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-06T11:58:01-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-06T17:58:01Z", "ms": 1478455081379.2065 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 00:18 on Sat 5 Nov to 01:47 on Sun 6 Nov.", "fact": "2016-11-05T05:17:46Z → 2016-11-06T06:46:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:10–12:58 on the 5th, 11:10–11:58 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37410 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 5 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Nadi sasthi, Skanda sasthi (Madras), Surya sasthi, Chhat (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Chhath) 2016 falls on Saturday 5 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 00:18 on Sat 5 Nov to 01:47 on Sun 6 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/surya-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/gopashtami", "festival": "gopashtami", "name": "Gopāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-11-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33548, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2016-11-07T01:39:55-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-07T07:39:55Z", "ms": 1478504395233.0244 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-08T01:51:02-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-08T07:51:02Z", "ms": 1478591462294.8792 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-11-07T01:39:55-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-07T07:39:55Z", "ms": 1478504395233.0244 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-08T01:51:02-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-08T07:51:02Z", "ms": 1478591462294.8792 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-07T11:10:05-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-07T17:10:05Z", "ms": 1478538605218.4814 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-07T11:58:05-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-07T17:58:05Z", "ms": 1478541485218.4814 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-08T11:10:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-08T17:10:10Z", "ms": 1478625009886.0562 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-08T11:58:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-08T17:58:10Z", "ms": 1478627889886.0562 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 01:40 on Mon 7 Nov to 01:51 on Tue 8 Nov.", "fact": "2016-11-07T07:39:55Z → 2016-11-08T07:51:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:10–11:58 on the 7th, 11:10–11:58 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33548 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gopāṣṭamī, Chicago, 2016: Monday 7 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gopashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Gopāṣṭamī 2016 falls on Monday 7 November. Aṣṭamī runs from 01:40 on Mon 7 Nov to 01:51 on Tue 8 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/gopashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/akshaya-navami", "festival": "akshaya-navami", "name": "Akṣaya Navamī", "everyday": "Amla Navami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-11-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16889, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2016-11-08T01:51:02-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-08T07:51:02Z", "ms": 1478591462294.8792 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-09T01:15:27-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-09T07:15:27Z", "ms": 1478675726519.6694 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-11-08T01:51:02-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-08T07:51:02Z", "ms": 1478591462294.8792 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-09T01:15:27-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-09T07:15:27Z", "ms": 1478675726519.6694 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-08T06:32:31-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-08T12:32:31Z", "ms": 1478608351144.5427 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-08T09:53:37-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-08T15:53:37Z", "ms": 1478620416972.2185 } }, "covered_min": 201, "window_min": 201, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-09T06:33:45-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-09T12:33:45Z", "ms": 1478694824973.4785 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-09T09:54:05-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-09T15:54:05Z", "ms": 1478706845247.6526 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 200, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 01:51 on Tue 8 Nov to 01:15 on Wed 9 Nov.", "fact": "2016-11-08T07:51:02Z → 2016-11-09T07:15:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:33–09:54 on the 8th, 06:34–09:54 on the 9th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 201 of 201 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 200 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16889 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Navamī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 8 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Akṣaya Navamī (Amla Navami) 2016 falls on Tuesday 8 November. Navamī runs from 01:51 on Tue 8 Nov to 01:15 on Wed 9 Nov and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/akshaya-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/durga-navami", "festival": "durga-navami", "name": "Durgā Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-11-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33548, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2016-11-08T01:51:02-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-08T07:51:02Z", "ms": 1478591462294.8792 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-09T01:15:27-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-09T07:15:27Z", "ms": 1478675726519.6694 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-11-08T01:51:02-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-08T07:51:02Z", "ms": 1478591462294.8792 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-09T01:15:27-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-09T07:15:27Z", "ms": 1478675726519.6694 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-08T11:10:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-08T17:10:10Z", "ms": 1478625009886.0562 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-08T11:58:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-08T17:58:10Z", "ms": 1478627889886.0562 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-09T11:10:15-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-09T17:10:15Z", "ms": 1478711415384.7397 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-09T11:58:15-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-09T17:58:15Z", "ms": 1478714295384.7397 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 01:51 on Tue 8 Nov to 01:15 on Wed 9 Nov.", "fact": "2016-11-08T07:51:02Z → 2016-11-09T07:15:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:10–11:58 on the 8th, 11:10–11:58 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 33548 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Navamī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 8 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Durgā Navamī 2016 falls on Tuesday 8 November. Navamī runs from 01:51 on Tue 8 Nov to 01:15 on Wed 9 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/durga-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-11-10", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-11-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24181, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-11-09T23:51:58-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-10T05:51:58Z", "ms": 1478757117793.235 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-10T21:42:52-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-11T03:42:52Z", "ms": 1478835772228.9255 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-11-09T23:51:58-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-10T05:51:58Z", "ms": 1478757117793.235 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-10T21:42:52-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-11T03:42:52Z", "ms": 1478835772228.9255 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-10T06:34:59-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-10T12:34:59Z", "ms": 1478781298741.3145 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-10T06:34:59-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-10T12:34:59Z", "ms": 1478781298741.3145 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-11T06:36:12-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-11T12:36:12Z", "ms": 1478867772415.9211 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-11T06:36:12-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-11T12:36:12Z", "ms": 1478867772415.9211 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 23:52 on Wed 9 Nov to 21:43 on Thu 10 Nov.", "fact": "2016-11-10T05:51:58Z → 2016-11-11T03:42:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:35 on the 10th and 06:36 on the 11th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 10th and is not on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24181 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 10 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Prabodhinī Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Thursday 10 November. Ekādaśī runs from 23:52 on Wed 9 Nov to 21:43 on Thu 10 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-11-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-11-11", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-11-11", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1691, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-11-11T18:53:33-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-12T00:53:33Z", "ms": 1478912013351.5415 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-12T15:31:56-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-12T21:31:56Z", "ms": 1478986316201.843 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-11-11T18:53:33-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-12T00:53:33Z", "ms": 1478912013351.5415 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-12T15:31:56-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-12T21:31:56Z", "ms": 1478986316201.843 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-11T16:32:45-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-11T22:32:45Z", "ms": 1478903565358.2036 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-11T18:25:23-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-12T00:25:23Z", "ms": 1478910322772.5051 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-12T16:31:48-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-12T22:31:48Z", "ms": 1478989907828.8228 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-12T18:24:43-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-13T00:24:43Z", "ms": 1478996682699.4353 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 18:54 on Fri 11 Nov to 15:32 on Sat 12 Nov.", "fact": "2016-11-12T00:53:33Z → 2016-11-12T21:31:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:33–18:25 on the 11th, 16:32–18:25 on the 12th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 113 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 113 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither evening qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 1691 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Friday 11 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-11", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Friday 11 November. Trayodaśī runs from 18:54 on Fri 11 Nov to 15:32 on Sat 12 Nov, and reaches pradoṣa on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-11-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/kartiki-purnima", "festival": "kartiki-purnima", "name": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-11-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 659, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2016-11-13T11:47:47-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-13T17:47:47Z", "ms": 1479059266608.2646 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-14T07:52:03-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-14T13:52:03Z", "ms": 1479131523295.2063 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-11-13T11:47:47-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-13T17:47:47Z", "ms": 1479059266608.2646 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-14T07:52:03-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-14T13:52:03Z", "ms": 1479131523295.2063 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-13T11:10:46-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-13T17:10:46Z", "ms": 1479057045751.2344 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-13T11:58:46-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-13T17:58:46Z", "ms": 1479059925751.2344 } }, "covered_min": 11, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-14T11:10:55-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-14T17:10:55Z", "ms": 1479143455452.8774 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-14T11:58:55-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-14T17:58:55Z", "ms": 1479146335452.8774 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 11:48 on Sun 13 Nov to 07:52 on Mon 14 Nov.", "fact": "2016-11-13T17:47:47Z → 2016-11-14T13:52:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:11–11:59 on the 13th, 11:11–11:59 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 11 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 659 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 13 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kartiki-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kārtikī Pūrṇimā 2016 falls on Sunday 13 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 11:48 on Sun 13 Nov to 07:52 on Mon 14 Nov and covers 11 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/kartiki-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/rasayatra", "festival": "rasayatra", "name": "Rāsayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-11-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28361, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2016-11-13T11:47:47-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-13T17:47:47Z", "ms": 1479059266608.2646 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-14T07:52:03-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-14T13:52:03Z", "ms": 1479131523295.2063 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-11-13T11:47:47-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-13T17:47:47Z", "ms": 1479059266608.2646 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-14T07:52:03-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-14T13:52:03Z", "ms": 1479131523295.2063 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-12T23:11:14-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-13T05:11:14Z", "ms": 1479013873593.6196 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-12T23:59:14-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-13T05:59:14Z", "ms": 1479016753593.6196 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-13T23:11:22-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-14T05:11:22Z", "ms": 1479100282353.5928 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-13T23:59:22-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-14T05:59:22Z", "ms": 1479103162353.5928 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 11:48 on Sun 13 Nov to 07:52 on Mon 14 Nov.", "fact": "2016-11-13T17:47:47Z → 2016-11-14T13:52:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:11–23:59 on the 12th, 23:11–23:59 on the 13th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28361 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāsayātrā, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 13 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rasayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Rāsayātrā 2016 falls on Sunday 13 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 11:48 on Sun 13 Nov to 07:52 on Mon 14 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/rasayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-11-16", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-11-16", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 6684, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-11-16T20:52:22-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-17T02:52:22Z", "ms": 1479351141545.2656 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-17T18:05:59-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-18T00:05:59Z", "ms": 1479427558560.4849 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-11-16T20:52:22-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-17T02:52:22Z", "ms": 1479351141545.2656 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-17T18:05:59-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-18T00:05:59Z", "ms": 1479427558560.4849 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-11-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-16T18:56:42-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-17T00:56:42Z", "ms": 1479344201982.298 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-16T18:56:42-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-17T00:56:42Z", "ms": 1479344201982.298 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-11-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-17T19:57:23-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-18T01:57:23Z", "ms": 1479434242616.3823 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-17T19:57:23-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-18T01:57:23Z", "ms": 1479434242616.3823 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:52 on Wed 16 Nov to 18:06 on Thu 17 Nov.", "fact": "2016-11-17T02:52:22Z → 2016-11-18T00:05:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 18:57 on the 16th and 19:57 on the 17th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 16th and is not on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 6684 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Wednesday 16 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-16", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-16", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2016 falls on Wednesday 16 November. Caturthī runs from 20:52 on Wed 16 Nov to 18:06 on Thu 17 Nov, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-11-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-11-24", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Utpannā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-11-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38504, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-11-23T17:55:57-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-23T23:55:57Z", "ms": 1479945356857.7478 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-24T20:11:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-25T02:11:10Z", "ms": 1480039870191.076 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-11-23T17:55:57-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-23T23:55:57Z", "ms": 1479945356857.7478 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-24T20:11:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-25T02:11:10Z", "ms": 1480039870191.076 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-24T06:51:46-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-24T12:51:46Z", "ms": 1479991905859.4612 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-24T06:51:46-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-24T12:51:46Z", "ms": 1479991905859.4612 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-11-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-25T06:52:54-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-25T12:52:54Z", "ms": 1480078374291.8696 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-25T06:52:54-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-25T12:52:54Z", "ms": 1480078374291.8696 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 17:56 on Wed 23 Nov to 20:11 on Thu 24 Nov.", "fact": "2016-11-23T23:55:57Z → 2016-11-25T02:11:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:52 on the 24th and 06:53 on the 25th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 24th and is not on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 38504 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Utpannā Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Thursday 24 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Utpannā Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Thursday 24 November. Ekādaśī runs from 17:56 on Wed 23 Nov to 20:11 on Thu 24 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-11-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-11-26", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-11-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15764, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-11-25T22:41:18-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-26T04:41:18Z", "ms": 1480135278129.5142 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-27T01:16:57-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-27T07:16:57Z", "ms": 1480231017406.9507 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-11-25T22:41:18-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-26T04:41:18Z", "ms": 1480135278129.5142 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-27T01:16:57-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-27T07:16:57Z", "ms": 1480231017406.9507 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-11-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-25T16:22:21-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-25T22:22:21Z", "ms": 1480112541073.1824 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-25T18:18:35-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-26T00:18:35Z", "ms": 1480119514527.9976 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 116, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-11-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-26T16:21:53-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-26T22:21:53Z", "ms": 1480198912527.7104 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-26T18:18:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-27T00:18:19Z", "ms": 1480205898707.8086 } }, "covered_min": 116, "window_min": 116, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:41 on Fri 25 Nov to 01:17 on Sun 27 Nov.", "fact": "2016-11-26T04:41:18Z → 2016-11-27T07:16:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:22–18:19 on the 25th, 16:22–18:18 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 116 minutes on the 25th and 116 of 116 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15764 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 26 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Saturday 26 November. Trayodaśī runs from 22:41 on Fri 25 Nov to 01:17 on Sun 27 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-11-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-11-27", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-11-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4467, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-11-27T01:16:57-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-27T07:16:57Z", "ms": 1480231017406.9507 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-28T03:50:56-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-28T09:50:56Z", "ms": 1480326656254.564 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-11-27T01:16:57-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-27T07:16:57Z", "ms": 1480231017406.9507 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-28T03:50:56-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-28T09:50:56Z", "ms": 1480326656254.564 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-11-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-26T23:14:31-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-27T05:14:31Z", "ms": 1480223670703.0786 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-27T00:02:31-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-27T06:02:31Z", "ms": 1480226550703.0786 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-11-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-11-27T23:14:51-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-28T05:14:51Z", "ms": 1480310090586.7847 }, "end": { "local": "2016-11-28T00:02:51-06:00", "utc": "2016-11-28T06:02:51Z", "ms": 1480312970586.7847 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 01:17 on Sun 27 Nov to 03:51 on Mon 28 Nov.", "fact": "2016-11-27T07:16:57Z → 2016-11-28T09:50:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:15–00:03 on the 26th, 23:15–00:03 on the 27th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4467 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 27 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-11-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śivarātri 2016 falls on Sunday 27 November. Caturdaśī runs from 01:17 on Sun 27 Nov to 03:51 on Mon 28 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-11-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-12-03", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-12-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1380, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-12-02T12:27:09-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-02T18:27:09Z", "ms": 1480703229475.811 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-03T13:54:31-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-03T19:54:31Z", "ms": 1480794870926.5664 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-12-02T12:27:09-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-02T18:27:09Z", "ms": 1480703229475.811 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-03T13:54:31-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-03T19:54:31Z", "ms": 1480794870926.5664 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-02T11:16:09-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-02T17:16:09Z", "ms": 1480698969449.8203 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-02T12:04:09-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-02T18:04:09Z", "ms": 1480701849449.8203 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-12-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-03T11:16:34-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-03T17:16:34Z", "ms": 1480785393719.2915 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-03T12:04:34-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-03T18:04:34Z", "ms": 1480788273719.2915 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:27 on Fri 2 Dec to 13:55 on Sat 3 Dec.", "fact": "2016-12-02T18:27:09Z → 2016-12-03T19:54:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:16–12:04 on the 2nd, 11:17–12:05 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1380 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 3 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-03", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Vināyaka Caturthī 2016 falls on Saturday 3 December. Caturthī runs from 12:27 on Fri 2 Dec to 13:55 on Sat 3 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2016-12-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "festival": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-12-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6597, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2016-12-03T13:54:31-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-03T19:54:31Z", "ms": 1480794870926.5664 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-04T14:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-04T20:56:19Z", "ms": 1480884978893.3447 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-12-03T13:54:31-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-03T19:54:31Z", "ms": 1480794870926.5664 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-04T14:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-04T20:56:19Z", "ms": 1480884978893.3447 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-12-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-03T11:16:34-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-03T17:16:34Z", "ms": 1480785393719.2915 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-03T12:04:34-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-03T18:04:34Z", "ms": 1480788273719.2915 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-12-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-04T11:16:59-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-04T17:16:59Z", "ms": 1480871818558.4092 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-04T12:04:59-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-04T18:04:59Z", "ms": 1480874698558.4092 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 13:55 on Sat 3 Dec to 14:56 on Sun 4 Dec.", "fact": "2016-12-03T19:54:31Z → 2016-12-04T20:56:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:17–12:05 on the 3rd, 11:17–12:05 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6597 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa), Chicago, 2016: Sunday 4 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (2nd) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa) 2016 falls on Sunday 4 December. Pañcamī runs from 13:55 on Sat 3 Dec to 14:56 on Sun 4 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/champa-shashthi", "festival": "champa-shashthi", "name": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-12-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10280, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2016-12-04T14:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-04T20:56:19Z", "ms": 1480884978893.3447 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-05T15:26:53-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-05T21:26:53Z", "ms": 1480973212922.1443 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-12-04T14:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-04T20:56:19Z", "ms": 1480884978893.3447 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-05T15:26:53-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-05T21:26:53Z", "ms": 1480973212922.1443 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-12-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-04T11:16:59-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-04T17:16:59Z", "ms": 1480871818558.4092 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-04T12:04:59-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-04T18:04:59Z", "ms": 1480874698558.4092 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-12-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-05T11:17:24-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-05T17:17:24Z", "ms": 1480958243939.33 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-05T12:05:24-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-05T18:05:24Z", "ms": 1480961123939.33 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 14:56 on Sun 4 Dec to 15:27 on Mon 5 Dec.", "fact": "2016-12-04T20:56:19Z → 2016-12-05T21:26:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:17–12:05 on the 4th, 11:17–12:05 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 10280 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī, Chicago, 2016: Monday 5 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "champa-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Śatabhiṣaj nakṣatra, Vyatīpāta yoga and a Sunday; none is tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Campā Ṣaṣṭhī 2016 falls on Monday 5 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 14:56 on Sun 4 Dec to 15:27 on Mon 5 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/champa-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/skanda-shashthi", "festival": "skanda-shashthi", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-12-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10280, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2016-12-04T14:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-04T20:56:19Z", "ms": 1480884978893.3447 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-05T15:26:53-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-05T21:26:53Z", "ms": 1480973212922.1443 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-12-04T14:56:19-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-04T20:56:19Z", "ms": 1480884978893.3447 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-05T15:26:53-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-05T21:26:53Z", "ms": 1480973212922.1443 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-12-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-04T11:16:59-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-04T17:16:59Z", "ms": 1480871818558.4092 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-04T12:04:59-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-04T18:04:59Z", "ms": 1480874698558.4092 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-12-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-05T11:17:24-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-05T17:17:24Z", "ms": 1480958243939.33 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-05T12:05:24-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-05T18:05:24Z", "ms": 1480961123939.33 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 14:56 on Sun 4 Dec to 15:27 on Mon 5 Dec.", "fact": "2016-12-04T20:56:19Z → 2016-12-05T21:26:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:17–12:05 on the 4th, 11:17–12:05 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 10280 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī, Chicago, 2016: Monday 5 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī 2016 falls on Monday 5 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 14:56 on Sun 4 Dec to 15:27 on Mon 5 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/skanda-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/mitra-saptami", "festival": "mitra-saptami", "name": "Mitra Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-12-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11707, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2016-12-05T15:26:53-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-05T21:26:53Z", "ms": 1480973212922.1443 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-06T15:20:56-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-06T21:20:56Z", "ms": 1481059256493.4836 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-12-05T15:26:53-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-05T21:26:53Z", "ms": 1480973212922.1443 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-06T15:20:56-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-06T21:20:56Z", "ms": 1481059256493.4836 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-12-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-05T11:17:24-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-05T17:17:24Z", "ms": 1480958243939.33 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-05T12:05:24-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-05T18:05:24Z", "ms": 1480961123939.33 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-12-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-06T11:17:50-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-06T17:17:50Z", "ms": 1481044669833.772 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-06T12:05:50-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-06T18:05:50Z", "ms": 1481047549833.772 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 15:27 on Mon 5 Dec to 15:21 on Tue 6 Dec.", "fact": "2016-12-05T21:26:53Z → 2016-12-06T21:20:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:17–12:05 on the 5th, 11:18–12:06 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 11707 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mitra Saptamī, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 6 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mitra-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Mitra saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Mitra Saptamī 2016 falls on Tuesday 6 December. Saptamī runs from 15:27 on Mon 5 Dec to 15:21 on Tue 6 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/mitra-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-12-10", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-12-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4003, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-12-09T10:58:39-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-09T16:58:39Z", "ms": 1481302718722.1233 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-10T08:14:41-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-10T14:14:41Z", "ms": 1481379281334.6853 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-12-09T10:58:39-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-09T16:58:39Z", "ms": 1481302718722.1233 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-10T08:14:41-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-10T14:14:41Z", "ms": 1481379281334.6853 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-09T07:07:07-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-09T13:07:07Z", "ms": 1481288827171.2678 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-09T07:07:07-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-09T13:07:07Z", "ms": 1481288827171.2678 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-10T07:07:58-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-10T13:07:58Z", "ms": 1481375278153.2312 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-10T07:07:58-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-10T13:07:58Z", "ms": 1481375278153.2312 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:59 on Fri 9 Dec to 08:15 on Sat 10 Dec.", "fact": "2016-12-09T16:58:39Z → 2016-12-10T14:14:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:07 on the 9th and 07:08 on the 10th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 9th and is on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4003 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 10 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Mokṣadā Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Saturday 10 December. Ekādaśī runs from 10:59 on Fri 9 Dec to 08:15 on Sat 10 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-12-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/akhanda-dvadashi", "festival": "akhanda-dvadashi", "name": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-12-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11097, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-12-10T08:14:41-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-10T14:14:41Z", "ms": 1481379281334.6853 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-11T05:01:50-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-11T11:01:50Z", "ms": 1481454109704.4988 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-12-10T08:14:41-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-10T14:14:41Z", "ms": 1481379281334.6853 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-11T05:01:50-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-11T11:01:50Z", "ms": 1481454109704.4988 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-10T11:19:38-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-10T17:19:38Z", "ms": 1481390377978.1177 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-10T12:07:38-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-10T18:07:38Z", "ms": 1481393257978.1177 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-12-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-11T11:20:06-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-11T17:20:06Z", "ms": 1481476806016.207 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-11T12:08:06-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-11T18:08:06Z", "ms": 1481479686016.207 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 08:15 on Sat 10 Dec to 05:02 on Sun 11 Dec.", "fact": "2016-12-10T14:14:41Z → 2016-12-11T11:01:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:20–12:08 on the 10th, 11:20–12:08 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11097 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 10 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akhanda-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Matsya dvadasi, Akhanda dvadasi (paraviddha), Vyanjana dvadasi & Dana dvadasi (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī 2016 falls on Saturday 10 December. Dvādaśī runs from 08:15 on Sat 10 Dec to 05:02 on Sun 11 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/akhanda-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-12-11", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-12-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25853, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-12-11T05:01:50-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-11T11:01:50Z", "ms": 1481454109704.4988 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-12T01:28:59-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-12T07:28:59Z", "ms": 1481527739042.6296 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-12-11T05:01:50-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-11T11:01:50Z", "ms": 1481454109704.4988 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-12T01:28:59-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-12T07:28:59Z", "ms": 1481527739042.6296 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-10T16:19:18-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-10T22:19:18Z", "ms": 1481408357803.0044 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-10T18:17:54-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-11T00:17:54Z", "ms": 1481415473763.434 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 119, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-12-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-11T16:19:25-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-11T22:19:25Z", "ms": 1481494764526.1868 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-11T18:18:06-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-12T00:18:06Z", "ms": 1481501885946.991 } }, "covered_min": 119, "window_min": 119, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:02 on Sun 11 Dec to 01:29 on Mon 12 Dec.", "fact": "2016-12-11T11:01:50Z → 2016-12-12T07:28:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:19–18:18 on the 10th, 16:19–18:18 on the 11th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 119 minutes on the 10th and 119 of 119 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25853 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Sunday 11 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Sunday 11 December. Trayodaśī runs from 05:02 on Sun 11 Dec to 01:29 on Mon 12 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-12-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/dattatreyotpatti", "festival": "dattatreyotpatti", "name": "Dattātreyotpatti", "everyday": "Datta Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-12-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 783, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2016-12-12T21:46:30-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-13T03:46:30Z", "ms": 1481600789531.4187 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-13T18:05:33-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-14T00:05:33Z", "ms": 1481673933217.584 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-12-12T21:46:30-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-13T03:46:30Z", "ms": 1481600789531.4187 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-13T18:05:33-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-14T00:05:33Z", "ms": 1481673933217.584 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-12-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-12T16:19:34-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-12T22:19:34Z", "ms": 1481581173619.9873 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-12T18:18:20-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-13T00:18:20Z", "ms": 1481588299955.3975 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 119, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-12-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-13T16:19:45-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-13T22:19:45Z", "ms": 1481667585077.6404 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-13T18:18:36-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-14T00:18:36Z", "ms": 1481674715776.937 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 119, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 21:46 on Mon 12 Dec to 18:06 on Tue 13 Dec.", "fact": "2016-12-13T03:46:30Z → 2016-12-14T00:05:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:20–18:18 on the 12th, 16:20–18:19 on the 13th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 119 minutes on the 12th and 106 of 119 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 783 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dattātreyotpatti, Chicago, 2016: Tuesday 13 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dattatreyotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Dattatreyotpatti (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Dattātreyotpatti (Datta Jayanti) 2016 falls on Tuesday 13 December. Pūrṇimā runs from 21:46 on Mon 12 Dec to 18:06 on Tue 13 Dec and covers 106 of 119 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/dattatreyotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-12-16", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-12-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38369, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2016-12-16T09:05:52-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-16T15:05:52Z", "ms": 1481900751873.2913 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-17T07:21:14-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-17T13:21:14Z", "ms": 1481980873657.6538 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-12-16T09:05:52-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-16T15:05:52Z", "ms": 1481900751873.2913 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-17T07:21:14-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-17T13:21:14Z", "ms": 1481980873657.6538 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-12-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-16T19:45:21-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-17T01:45:21Z", "ms": 1481939121292.0217 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-16T19:45:21-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-17T01:45:21Z", "ms": 1481939121292.0217 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-12-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-17T20:50:58-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-18T02:50:58Z", "ms": 1482029458073.3953 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-17T20:50:58-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-18T02:50:58Z", "ms": 1482029458073.3953 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:06 on Fri 16 Dec to 07:21 on Sat 17 Dec.", "fact": "2016-12-16T15:05:52Z → 2016-12-17T13:21:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:45 on the 16th and 20:51 on the 17th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 16th and is not on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 38369 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Chicago, 2016: Friday 16 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2016 falls on Friday 16 December. Caturthī runs from 09:06 on Fri 16 Dec to 07:21 on Sat 17 Dec and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2016-12-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-12-24", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-12-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22097, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-12-23T13:24:34-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-23T19:24:34Z", "ms": 1482521074072.439 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-24T16:02:15-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-24T22:02:15Z", "ms": 1482616934789.741 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-12-23T13:24:34-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-23T19:24:34Z", "ms": 1482521074072.439 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-24T16:02:15-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-24T22:02:15Z", "ms": 1482616934789.741 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-12-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-23T07:16:17-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-23T13:16:17Z", "ms": 1482498976664.9785 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-23T07:16:17-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-23T13:16:17Z", "ms": 1482498976664.9785 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-12-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-24T07:16:41-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-24T13:16:41Z", "ms": 1482585400957.1604 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-24T07:16:41-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-24T13:16:41Z", "ms": 1482585400957.1604 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:25 on Fri 23 Dec to 16:02 on Sat 24 Dec.", "fact": "2016-12-23T19:24:34Z → 2016-12-24T22:02:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:16 on the 23rd and 07:17 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 23rd and is on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22097 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Chicago, 2016: Saturday 24 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Saphalā Ekādaśī 2016 falls on Saturday 24 December. Ekādaśī runs from 13:25 on Fri 23 Dec to 16:02 on Sat 24 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/ekadashi?on=2016-12-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-12-26", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-12-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 780, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-12-25T18:37:00-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-26T00:37:00Z", "ms": 1482712620218.079 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-26T21:00:18-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-27T03:00:18Z", "ms": 1482807617900.7656 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-12-25T18:37:00-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-26T00:37:00Z", "ms": 1482712620218.079 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-26T21:00:18-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-27T03:00:18Z", "ms": 1482807617900.7656 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-12-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-25T16:25:01-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-25T22:25:01Z", "ms": 1482704700908.8909 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-25T18:24:00-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-26T00:24:00Z", "ms": 1482711839848.2983 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 119, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2016-12-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-26T16:25:41-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-26T22:25:41Z", "ms": 1482791141222.9763 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-26T18:24:37-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-27T00:24:37Z", "ms": 1482798277140.4456 } }, "covered_min": 119, "window_min": 119, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 18:37 on Sun 25 Dec to 21:00 on Mon 26 Dec.", "fact": "2016-12-26T00:37:00Z → 2016-12-27T03:00:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:25–18:24 on the 25th, 16:26–18:25 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 119 minutes on the 25th and 119 of 119 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 780 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Chicago, 2016: Monday 26 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-26", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2016 falls on Monday 26 December. Trayodaśī runs from 18:37 on Sun 25 Dec to 21:00 on Mon 26 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/pradosha-vrata?on=2016-12-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-12-26", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "4887398", "year": 2016, "local_date": "2016-12-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1290, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2016-12-26T21:00:18-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-27T03:00:18Z", "ms": 1482807617900.7656 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-27T23:06:40-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-28T05:06:40Z", "ms": 1482901599740.7556 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2016-12-26T21:00:18-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-27T03:00:18Z", "ms": 1482807617900.7656 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-27T23:06:40-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-28T05:06:40Z", "ms": 1482901599740.7556 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2016-12-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-26T23:27:41-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-27T05:27:41Z", "ms": 1482816460913.4863 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-27T00:15:41-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-27T06:15:41Z", "ms": 1482819340913.4863 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2016-12-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2016-12-27T23:28:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-28T05:28:10Z", "ms": 1482902889745.5483 }, "end": { "local": "2016-12-28T00:16:10-06:00", "utc": "2016-12-28T06:16:10Z", "ms": 1482905769745.5483 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 21:00 on Mon 26 Dec to 23:07 on Tue 27 Dec.", "fact": "2016-12-27T03:00:18Z → 2016-12-28T05:06:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:28–00:16 on the 26th, 23:28–00:16 on the 27th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1290 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Chicago, 2016: Monday 26 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2016-12-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Chicago, Śivarātri 2016 falls on Monday 26 December. Caturdaśī runs from 21:00 on Mon 26 Dec to 23:07 on Tue 27 Dec and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/chicago/festivals/2016/shivaratri?on=2016-12-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } } ], "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }