{ "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008", "place": { "id": "524901", "slug": "moscow", "name": "Moscow", "region": "Russia", "country": "RU", "lat": 55.75204, "lon": 37.61781, "elevation_m": 155, "tz": "Europe/Moscow" }, "year": 2008, "tradition": "smarta", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "rulings": [ { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-01-03", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-01-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5304, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-01-03T04:56:57+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-03T01:56:57Z", "ms": 1199325417210.4133 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-04T07:30:32+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-04T04:30:32Z", "ms": 1199421032310.7087 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-01-03T04:56:57+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-03T01:56:57Z", "ms": 1199325417210.4133 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-04T07:30:32+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-04T04:30:32Z", "ms": 1199421032310.7087 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-01-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-03T08:59:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-03T05:59:18Z", "ms": 1199339957793.5757 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-03T08:59:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-03T05:59:18Z", "ms": 1199339957793.5757 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-01-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-04T08:58:56+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-04T05:58:56Z", "ms": 1199426335922.3691 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-04T08:58:56+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-04T05:58:56Z", "ms": 1199426335922.3691 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:57 on Thu 3 Jan to 07:31 on Fri 4 Jan.", "fact": "2008-01-03T01:56:57Z → 2008-01-04T04:30:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 08:59 on the 3rd and 08:59 on the 4th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 3rd and is not on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5304 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 3 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Saphalā Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Thursday 3 January. Ekādaśī runs from 04:57 on Thu 3 Jan to 07:31 on Fri 4 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-01-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-01-05", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-01-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15678, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-01-05T09:51:02+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-05T06:51:02Z", "ms": 1199515862123.577 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-06T11:51:11+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-06T08:51:11Z", "ms": 1199609471419.1714 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-01-05T09:51:02+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-05T06:51:02Z", "ms": 1199515862123.577 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-06T11:51:11+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-06T08:51:11Z", "ms": 1199609471419.1714 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-01-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-05T16:11:05+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-05T13:11:05Z", "ms": 1199538664985.2385 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-05T18:25:20+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-05T15:25:20Z", "ms": 1199546720343.623 } }, "covered_min": 134, "window_min": 134, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-01-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-06T16:12:30+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-06T13:12:30Z", "ms": 1199625149784.0103 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-06T18:26:29+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-06T15:26:29Z", "ms": 1199633189330.5767 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 134, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 09:51 on Sat 5 Jan to 11:51 on Sun 6 Jan.", "fact": "2008-01-05T06:51:02Z → 2008-01-06T08:51:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:11–18:25 on the 5th, 16:12–18:26 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 134 of 134 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 134 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15678 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 5 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Saturday 5 January. Trayodaśī runs from 09:51 on Sat 5 Jan to 11:51 on Sun 6 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-01-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-01-06", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-01-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38662, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-01-06T11:51:11+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-06T08:51:11Z", "ms": 1199609471419.1714 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-07T13:27:02+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-07T10:27:02Z", "ms": 1199701621663.308 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-01-06T11:51:11+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-06T08:51:11Z", "ms": 1199609471419.1714 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-07T13:27:02+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-07T10:27:02Z", "ms": 1199701621663.308 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-01-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-07T00:10:58+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-06T21:10:58Z", "ms": 1199653858083.6343 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-07T00:58:58+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-06T21:58:58Z", "ms": 1199656738083.6343 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-01-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-08T00:11:23+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-07T21:11:23Z", "ms": 1199740283163.3274 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-08T00:59:23+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-07T21:59:23Z", "ms": 1199743163163.3274 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 11:51 on Sun 6 Jan to 13:27 on Mon 7 Jan.", "fact": "2008-01-06T08:51:11Z → 2008-01-07T10:27:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:11–00:59 on the 6th, 00:11–00:59 on the 7th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 38662 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 6 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śivarātri 2008 falls on Sunday 6 January. Caturdaśī runs from 11:51 on Sun 6 Jan to 13:27 on Mon 7 Jan and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-01-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-01-12", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-01-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7865, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-01-11T15:38:55+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-11T12:38:55Z", "ms": 1200055134838.8203 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-12T15:12:55+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-12T12:12:55Z", "ms": 1200139974592.6008 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-01-11T15:38:55+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-11T12:38:55Z", "ms": 1200055134838.8203 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-12T15:12:55+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-12T12:12:55Z", "ms": 1200139974592.6008 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-01-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-11T12:13:25+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-11T09:13:25Z", "ms": 1200042804959.706 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-11T13:01:25+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-11T10:01:25Z", "ms": 1200045684959.706 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-01-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-12T12:13:49+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-12T09:13:49Z", "ms": 1200129229275.0088 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-12T13:01:49+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-12T10:01:49Z", "ms": 1200132109275.0088 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:39 on Fri 11 Jan to 15:13 on Sat 12 Jan.", "fact": "2008-01-11T12:38:55Z → 2008-01-12T12:12:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:13–13:01 on the 11th, 12:14–13:02 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7865 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 12 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vināyaka Caturthī 2008 falls on Saturday 12 January. Caturthī runs from 15:39 on Fri 11 Jan to 15:13 on Sat 12 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-01-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/bhogi", "festival": "bhogi", "name": "Bhogi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18774, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2008-01-14T21:38:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T18:38:22Z", "ms": 1200335901652.1606 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-13T10:35:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-13T07:35:22Z", "ms": 1202888122301.732 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2008-01-14T21:38:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T18:38:22Z", "ms": 1200335901652.1606 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-14T21:38:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T18:38:22Z", "ms": 1200335901652.1606 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-13T16:23:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-13T13:23:42Z", "ms": 1200230621774.8115 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-14T16:25:28+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T13:25:28Z", "ms": 1200317127581.6707 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1442, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-14T16:25:28+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T13:25:28Z", "ms": 1200317127581.6707 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-15T16:27:15+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-15T13:27:15Z", "ms": 1200403635492.618 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1442, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "2008-01-15", "days": -1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 21:38 on Mon 14 Jan.", "fact": "2008-01-14T18:38:22Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 16:25, and the day of the 15th ends at 16:27.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 18774 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Bhogi is kept the day before Pongal: Tuesday 15 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal − 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhogi, Moscow, 2008: Monday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "bhogi", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": -1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2008-01-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2008-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Bhogi 2008 falls on Monday 14 January. It is kept the day before Pongal, which falls on Tuesday 15 January. The Sun enters Makara at 21:38 on Mon 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 13 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/bhogi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/makara-sankranti", "festival": "makara-sankranti", "name": "Makara Saṅkrānti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8498, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2008-01-14T21:38:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T18:38:22Z", "ms": 1200335901652.1606 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-13T10:35:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-13T07:35:22Z", "ms": 1202888122301.732 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2008-01-14T21:38:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T18:38:22Z", "ms": 1200335901652.1606 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-14T21:38:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T18:38:22Z", "ms": 1200335901652.1606 } }, "kaala": "civil-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-14T00:00:00+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-13T21:00:00Z", "ms": 1200258000000 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-15T00:00:00+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T21:00:00Z", "ms": 1200344400000 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-15T00:00:00+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T21:00:00Z", "ms": 1200344400000 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-16T00:00:00+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-15T21:00:00Z", "ms": 1200430800000 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 21:38 on Mon 14 Jan.", "fact": "2008-01-14T18:38:22Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Moscow.", "fact": "civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · Europe/Moscow" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 14th, not the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 8498 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Makara Saṅkrānti, Moscow, 2008: Monday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "makara-sankranti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "midnight" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2008-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "2008-01-15", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Makara Saṅkrānti 2008 falls on Monday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 21:38 on Mon 14 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight. By the Tamil rule for the first day of a solar month, which gives a transit after sunset to the next day, it is 15 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/makara-sankranti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pongal", "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18774, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2008-01-14T21:38:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T18:38:22Z", "ms": 1200335901652.1606 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-13T10:35:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-13T07:35:22Z", "ms": 1202888122301.732 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2008-01-14T21:38:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T18:38:22Z", "ms": 1200335901652.1606 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-14T21:38:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T18:38:22Z", "ms": 1200335901652.1606 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-13T16:23:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-13T13:23:42Z", "ms": 1200230621774.8115 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-14T16:25:28+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T13:25:28Z", "ms": 1200317127581.6707 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1442, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-14T16:25:28+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T13:25:28Z", "ms": 1200317127581.6707 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-15T16:27:15+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-15T13:27:15Z", "ms": 1200403635492.618 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1442, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 21:38 on Mon 14 Jan.", "fact": "2008-01-14T18:38:22Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 16:25, and the day of the 15th ends at 16:27.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 18774 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pongal, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "pongal", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The rule that heads the solar festivals, the day \"taken to begin from midnight\" (p. 106), is not applied to Pongal. It is kept on the first day of the month of Makara as the Tamil districts count it, a transit after sunset going to the next day (p. 244); the Rashtriya Panchang prints Pongal so.", "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2008-01-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2008-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Pongal 2008 falls on Tuesday 15 January. The Sun enters Makara at 21:38 on Mon 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 14 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/mattu-pongal", "festival": "mattu-pongal", "name": "Mattu Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-01-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18774, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "2008-01-14T21:38:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T18:38:22Z", "ms": 1200335901652.1606 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-13T10:35:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-13T07:35:22Z", "ms": 1202888122301.732 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2008-01-14T21:38:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T18:38:22Z", "ms": 1200335901652.1606 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-14T21:38:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T18:38:22Z", "ms": 1200335901652.1606 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-13T16:23:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-13T13:23:42Z", "ms": 1200230621774.8115 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-14T16:25:28+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T13:25:28Z", "ms": 1200317127581.6707 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1442, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-14T16:25:28+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-14T13:25:28Z", "ms": 1200317127581.6707 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-15T16:27:15+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-15T13:27:15Z", "ms": 1200403635492.618 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1442, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "2008-01-15", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 21:38 on Mon 14 Jan.", "fact": "2008-01-14T18:38:22Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 16:25, and the day of the 15th ends at 16:27.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 18774 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Mattu Pongal is kept the day after Pongal: Tuesday 15 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mattu Pongal, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 16 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "mattu-pongal", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2008-01-15", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "2008-01-15", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Mattu Pongal 2008 falls on Wednesday 16 January. It is kept the day after Pongal, which falls on Tuesday 15 January. The Sun enters Makara at 21:38 on Mon 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 14th and the 15th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 15 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/mattu-pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-01-18", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-01-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13311, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-01-18T05:05:20+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-18T02:05:20Z", "ms": 1200621920348.142 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-19T02:27:20+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-18T23:27:20Z", "ms": 1200698839549.5168 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-01-18T05:05:20+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-18T02:05:20Z", "ms": 1200621920348.142 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-19T02:27:20+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-18T23:27:20Z", "ms": 1200698839549.5168 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-01-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-18T08:47:12+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-18T05:47:12Z", "ms": 1200635231808.7295 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-18T08:47:12+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-18T05:47:12Z", "ms": 1200635231808.7295 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-01-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-19T08:45:56+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-19T05:45:56Z", "ms": 1200721555600.5342 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-19T08:45:56+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-19T05:45:56Z", "ms": 1200721555600.5342 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:05 on Fri 18 Jan to 02:27 on Sat 19 Jan.", "fact": "2008-01-18T02:05:20Z → 2008-01-18T23:27:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 08:47 on the 18th and 08:46 on the 19th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 18th and is not on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13311 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 18 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Putradā Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Friday 18 January. Ekādaśī runs from 05:05 on Fri 18 Jan to 02:27 on Sat 19 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-01-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-01-20", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-01-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8514, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-01-19T23:45:35+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-19T20:45:35Z", "ms": 1200775534986.483 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-20T21:07:29+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-20T18:07:29Z", "ms": 1200852448838.8433 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-01-19T23:45:35+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-19T20:45:35Z", "ms": 1200775534986.483 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-20T21:07:29+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-20T18:07:29Z", "ms": 1200852448838.8433 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-01-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-19T16:34:46+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-19T13:34:46Z", "ms": 1200749685946.1724 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-19T18:44:05+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-19T15:44:05Z", "ms": 1200757444663.8213 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 129, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-01-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-20T16:36:43+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-20T13:36:43Z", "ms": 1200836202728.8774 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-20T18:45:35+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-20T15:45:35Z", "ms": 1200843934907.8928 } }, "covered_min": 129, "window_min": 129, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:46 on Sat 19 Jan to 21:07 on Sun 20 Jan.", "fact": "2008-01-19T20:45:35Z → 2008-01-20T18:07:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:35–18:44 on the 19th, 16:37–18:46 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 129 minutes on the 19th and 129 of 129 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8514 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 20 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Sunday 20 January. Trayodaśī runs from 23:46 on Sat 19 Jan to 21:07 on Sun 20 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-01-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-01-25", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-01-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26309, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-01-25T13:30:54+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-25T10:30:54Z", "ms": 1201257054303.5737 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-26T13:52:03+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-26T10:52:03Z", "ms": 1201344723366.1863 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-01-25T13:30:54+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-25T10:30:54Z", "ms": 1201257054303.5737 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-26T13:52:03+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-26T10:52:03Z", "ms": 1201344723366.1863 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-25T20:49:24+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-25T17:49:24Z", "ms": 1201283363566.176 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-25T20:49:24+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-25T17:49:24Z", "ms": 1201283363566.176 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-01-26T22:10:02+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-26T19:10:02Z", "ms": 1201374601509.6157 }, "end": { "local": "2008-01-26T22:10:02+03:00", "utc": "2008-01-26T19:10:02Z", "ms": 1201374601509.6157 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:31 on Fri 25 Jan to 13:52 on Sat 26 Jan.", "fact": "2008-01-25T10:30:54Z → 2008-01-26T10:52:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:49 on the 25th and 22:10 on the 26th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 25th and is not on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26309 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 25 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2008 falls on Friday 25 January. Caturthī runs from 13:31 on Fri 25 Jan to 13:52 on Sat 26 Jan and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-01-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-02-02", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-02-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15057, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-02-02T02:11:13+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-01T23:11:13Z", "ms": 1201907473071.0132 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-03T04:10:30+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-03T01:10:30Z", "ms": 1202001030112.6333 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-02-02T02:11:13+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-01T23:11:13Z", "ms": 1201907473071.0132 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-03T04:10:30+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-03T01:10:30Z", "ms": 1202001030112.6333 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-02-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-02T08:23:21+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-02T05:23:21Z", "ms": 1201929801418.1118 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-02T08:23:21+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-02T05:23:21Z", "ms": 1201929801418.1118 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-02-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-03T08:21:27+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-03T05:21:27Z", "ms": 1202016087070.7122 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-03T08:21:27+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-03T05:21:27Z", "ms": 1202016087070.7122 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 02:11 on Sat 2 Feb to 04:11 on Sun 3 Feb.", "fact": "2008-02-01T23:11:13Z → 2008-02-03T01:10:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 08:23 on the 2nd and 08:21 on the 3rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 2nd and is not on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15057 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 2 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Saturday 2 February. Ekādaśī runs from 02:11 on Sat 2 Feb to 04:11 on Sun 3 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-02-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-02-04", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-02-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37940, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-02-04T05:40:02+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-04T02:40:02Z", "ms": 1202092802013.221 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-05T06:35:39+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-05T03:35:39Z", "ms": 1202182539479.7324 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-02-04T05:40:02+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-04T02:40:02Z", "ms": 1202092802013.221 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-05T06:35:39+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-05T03:35:39Z", "ms": 1202182539479.7324 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-02-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-03T17:05:53+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-03T14:05:53Z", "ms": 1202047552872.354 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-03T19:07:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-03T16:07:42Z", "ms": 1202054861921.1672 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 122, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-02-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-04T17:08:03+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-04T14:08:03Z", "ms": 1202134082957.1555 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-04T19:09:19+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-04T16:09:19Z", "ms": 1202141358894.1243 } }, "covered_min": 121, "window_min": 121, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:40 on Mon 4 Feb to 06:36 on Tue 5 Feb.", "fact": "2008-02-04T02:40:02Z → 2008-02-05T03:35:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:06–19:08 on the 3rd, 17:08–19:09 on the 4th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 122 minutes on the 3rd and 121 of 121 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37940 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Monday 4 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Monday 4 February. Trayodaśī runs from 05:40 on Mon 4 Feb to 06:36 on Tue 5 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-02-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/yama-tarpana", "festival": "yama-tarpana", "name": "Yama Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-02-05", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1163, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-02-05T06:35:39+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-05T03:35:39Z", "ms": 1202182539479.7324 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-06T06:56:34+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-06T03:56:34Z", "ms": 1202270194095.3538 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-02-05T06:35:39+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-05T03:35:39Z", "ms": 1202182539479.7324 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-06T06:56:34+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-06T03:56:34Z", "ms": 1202270194095.3538 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-02-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-05T06:16:17+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-05T03:16:17Z", "ms": 1202181376547.4517 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-05T08:17:32+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-05T05:17:32Z", "ms": 1202188652484.4204 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 121, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-06T06:14:50+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-06T03:14:50Z", "ms": 1202267689833.1174 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-06T08:15:32+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-06T05:15:32Z", "ms": 1202274932370.0913 } }, "covered_min": 42, "window_min": 121, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 06:36 on Tue 5 Feb to 06:57 on Wed 6 Feb.", "fact": "2008-02-05T03:35:39Z → 2008-02-06T03:56:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 06:16–08:18 on the 5th, 06:15–08:16 on the 6th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 102 of 121 minutes on the 5th and 42 of 121 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both dawns qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1163 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Tarpaṇa, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 5 February.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Yama tarpana (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-05", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-05", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Yama Tarpaṇa 2008 falls on Tuesday 5 February. Caturdaśī runs from 06:36 on Tue 5 Feb to 06:57 on Wed 6 Feb and covers 102 of 121 minutes of aruṇodaya that dawn. It also reaches the next dawn for 42 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/yama-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-02-05", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-02-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19732, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-02-05T06:35:39+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-05T03:35:39Z", "ms": 1202182539479.7324 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-06T06:56:34+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-06T03:56:34Z", "ms": 1202270194095.3538 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-02-05T06:35:39+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-05T03:35:39Z", "ms": 1202182539479.7324 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-06T06:56:34+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-06T03:56:34Z", "ms": 1202270194095.3538 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-02-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-05T00:18:48+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-04T21:18:48Z", "ms": 1202159927720.788 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-05T01:06:48+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-04T22:06:48Z", "ms": 1202162807720.788 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-02-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-06T00:18:53+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-05T21:18:53Z", "ms": 1202246332856.439 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-06T01:06:53+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-05T22:06:53Z", "ms": 1202249212856.439 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 06:36 on Tue 5 Feb to 06:57 on Wed 6 Feb.", "fact": "2008-02-05T03:35:39Z → 2008-02-06T03:56:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:19–01:07 on the 4th, 00:19–01:07 on the 5th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19732 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 5 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śivarātri 2008 falls on Tuesday 5 February. Caturdaśī runs from 06:36 on Tue 5 Feb to 06:57 on Wed 6 Feb and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-02-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ganesha-jayanti", "festival": "ganesha-jayanti", "name": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī", "everyday": "Maghi Ganesh Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-02-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31886, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-02-10T03:28:45+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-10T00:28:45Z", "ms": 1202603325141.9038 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-11T01:45:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-10T22:45:18Z", "ms": 1202683517902.664 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-02-10T03:28:45+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-10T00:28:45Z", "ms": 1202603325141.9038 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-11T01:45:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-10T22:45:18Z", "ms": 1202683517902.664 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-10T12:20:11+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-10T09:20:11Z", "ms": 1202635211113.7505 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-10T13:08:11+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-10T10:08:11Z", "ms": 1202638091113.7505 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-11T12:20:12+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-11T09:20:12Z", "ms": 1202721612343.878 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-11T13:08:12+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-11T10:08:12Z", "ms": 1202724492343.878 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:29 on Sun 10 Feb to 01:45 on Mon 11 Feb.", "fact": "2008-02-10T00:28:45Z → 2008-02-10T22:45:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:20–13:08 on the 10th, 12:20–13:08 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 31886 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 10 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Gaṇeśa Jayantī (Maghi Ganesh Jayanti) 2008 falls on Sunday 10 February. Caturthī runs from 03:29 on Sun 10 Feb to 01:45 on Mon 11 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ganesha-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/tila-chaturthi", "festival": "tila-chaturthi", "name": "Tila Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-02-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23178, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-02-10T03:28:45+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-10T00:28:45Z", "ms": 1202603325141.9038 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-11T01:45:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-10T22:45:18Z", "ms": 1202683517902.664 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-02-10T03:28:45+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-10T00:28:45Z", "ms": 1202603325141.9038 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-11T01:45:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-10T22:45:18Z", "ms": 1202683517902.664 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-02-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-09T17:18:57+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-09T14:18:57Z", "ms": 1202566736715.1602 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-09T19:17:23+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-09T16:17:23Z", "ms": 1202573843083.9302 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 118, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-10T17:21:08+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-10T14:21:08Z", "ms": 1202653267746.5662 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-10T19:19:00+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-10T16:19:00Z", "ms": 1202660339504.4565 } }, "covered_min": 118, "window_min": 118, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:29 on Sun 10 Feb to 01:45 on Mon 11 Feb.", "fact": "2008-02-10T00:28:45Z → 2008-02-10T22:45:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:19–19:17 on the 9th, 17:21–19:19 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 118 minutes on the 9th and 118 of 118 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23178 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Tila Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 10 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "tila-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Tila Caturthī 2008 falls on Sunday 10 February. Caturthī runs from 03:29 on Sun 10 Feb to 01:45 on Mon 11 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/tila-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shri-panchami", "festival": "shri-panchami", "name": "Śrī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-02-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38094, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2008-02-11T01:45:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-10T22:45:18Z", "ms": 1202683517902.664 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-11T23:49:57+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-11T20:49:57Z", "ms": 1202762997229.3452 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-02-11T01:45:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-10T22:45:18Z", "ms": 1202683517902.664 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-11T23:49:57+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-11T20:49:57Z", "ms": 1202762997229.3452 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-11T12:20:12+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-11T09:20:12Z", "ms": 1202721612343.878 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-11T13:08:12+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-11T10:08:12Z", "ms": 1202724492343.878 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-02-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-12T12:20:13+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-12T09:20:13Z", "ms": 1202808012781.2065 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-12T13:08:13+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-12T10:08:13Z", "ms": 1202810892781.2065 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 01:45 on Mon 11 Feb to 23:50 on Mon 11 Feb.", "fact": "2008-02-10T22:45:18Z → 2008-02-11T20:49:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:20–13:08 on the 11th, 12:20–13:08 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 38094 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Pañcamī, Moscow, 2008: Monday 11 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śrī Pañcamī 2008 falls on Monday 11 February. Pañcamī runs from 01:45 on Mon 11 Feb to 23:50 on Mon 11 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shri-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vasanta-panchami", "festival": "vasanta-panchami", "name": "Vasanta Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-02-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38094, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2008-02-11T01:45:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-10T22:45:18Z", "ms": 1202683517902.664 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-11T23:49:57+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-11T20:49:57Z", "ms": 1202762997229.3452 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-02-11T01:45:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-10T22:45:18Z", "ms": 1202683517902.664 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-11T23:49:57+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-11T20:49:57Z", "ms": 1202762997229.3452 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-11T12:20:12+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-11T09:20:12Z", "ms": 1202721612343.878 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-11T13:08:12+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-11T10:08:12Z", "ms": 1202724492343.878 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-02-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-12T12:20:13+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-12T09:20:13Z", "ms": 1202808012781.2065 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-12T13:08:13+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-12T10:08:13Z", "ms": 1202810892781.2065 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 01:45 on Mon 11 Feb to 23:50 on Mon 11 Feb.", "fact": "2008-02-10T22:45:18Z → 2008-02-11T20:49:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:20–13:08 on the 11th, 12:20–13:08 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 38094 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasanta Pañcamī, Moscow, 2008: Monday 11 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasanta-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vasanta Pañcamī 2008 falls on Monday 11 February. Pañcamī runs from 01:45 on Mon 11 Feb to 23:50 on Mon 11 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vasanta-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ratha-saptami", "festival": "ratha-saptami", "name": "Ratha Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-02-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29853, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2008-02-12T21:46:30+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-12T18:46:30Z", "ms": 1202841989551.2568 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-13T19:38:19+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-13T16:38:19Z", "ms": 1202920699478.5002 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-02-12T21:46:30+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-12T18:46:30Z", "ms": 1202841989551.2568 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-13T19:38:19+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-13T16:38:19Z", "ms": 1202920699478.5002 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-02-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-13T06:04:02+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-13T03:04:02Z", "ms": 1202871842367.6858 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-13T08:00:44+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-13T05:00:44Z", "ms": 1202878844315.8738 } }, "covered_min": 117, "window_min": 117, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-14T06:02:25+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-14T03:02:25Z", "ms": 1202958144583.2004 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-14T07:58:31+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-14T04:58:31Z", "ms": 1202965111357.4468 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 116, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 21:46 on Tue 12 Feb to 19:38 on Wed 13 Feb.", "fact": "2008-02-12T18:46:30Z → 2008-02-13T16:38:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 06:04–08:01 on the 13th, 06:02–07:59 on the 14th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 117 of 117 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 116 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29853 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ratha Saptamī, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 13 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ratha-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Ratha saptami (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise), Acala saptami, Vidhana saptami, Arogya saptami [purvaviddha]." } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Ratha Saptamī 2008 falls on Wednesday 13 February. Saptamī runs from 21:46 on Tue 12 Feb to 19:38 on Wed 13 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ratha-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-02-17", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Jayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-02-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12640, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-02-16T13:17:16+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-16T10:17:16Z", "ms": 1203157036101.3013 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-17T11:22:25+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-17T08:22:25Z", "ms": 1203236544835.608 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-02-16T13:17:16+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-16T10:17:16Z", "ms": 1203157036101.3013 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-17T11:22:25+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-17T08:22:25Z", "ms": 1203236544835.608 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-02-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-16T07:54:01+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-16T04:54:01Z", "ms": 1203137641400.254 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-16T07:54:01+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-16T04:54:01Z", "ms": 1203137641400.254 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-02-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-17T07:51:45+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-17T04:51:45Z", "ms": 1203223904503.4895 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-17T07:51:45+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-17T04:51:45Z", "ms": 1203223904503.4895 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:17 on Sat 16 Feb to 11:22 on Sun 17 Feb.", "fact": "2008-02-16T10:17:16Z → 2008-02-17T08:22:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:54 on the 16th and 07:52 on the 17th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 16th and is on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12640 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jayā Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 17 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Jayā Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Sunday 17 February. Ekādaśī runs from 13:17 on Sat 16 Feb to 11:22 on Sun 17 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-02-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/bhishma-dvadashi", "festival": "bhishma-dvadashi", "name": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-02-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3459, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-02-17T11:22:25+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-17T08:22:25Z", "ms": 1203236544835.608 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-18T09:39:54+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-18T06:39:54Z", "ms": 1203316793569.7065 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-02-17T11:22:25+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-17T08:22:25Z", "ms": 1203236544835.608 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-18T09:39:54+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-18T06:39:54Z", "ms": 1203316793569.7065 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-02-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-17T12:20:03+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-17T09:20:03Z", "ms": 1203240003398.9338 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-17T13:08:03+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-17T10:08:03Z", "ms": 1203242883398.9338 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-02-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-18T12:19:59+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-18T09:19:59Z", "ms": 1203326399296.8625 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-18T13:07:59+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-18T10:07:59Z", "ms": 1203329279296.8625 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 11:22 on Sun 17 Feb to 09:40 on Mon 18 Feb.", "fact": "2008-02-17T08:22:25Z → 2008-02-18T06:39:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:20–13:08 on the 17th, 12:20–13:08 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3459 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 17 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhishma-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Bhisma dvadasi (purvaviddha), Amalaki dvadasi, Santana dvadasi, Varaha dvadasi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Bhīṣma Dvādaśī 2008 falls on Sunday 17 February. Dvādaśī runs from 11:22 on Sun 17 Feb to 09:40 on Mon 18 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/bhishma-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-02-18", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-02-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28719, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-02-18T09:39:54+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-18T06:39:54Z", "ms": 1203316793569.7065 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-19T08:14:01+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-19T05:14:01Z", "ms": 1203398041205.3577 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-02-18T09:39:54+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-18T06:39:54Z", "ms": 1203316793569.7065 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-19T08:14:01+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-19T05:14:01Z", "ms": 1203398041205.3577 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-02-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-18T17:38:32+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-18T14:38:32Z", "ms": 1203345512199.9456 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-18T19:31:41+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-18T16:31:41Z", "ms": 1203352300855.76 } }, "covered_min": 113, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-02-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-19T17:40:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-19T14:40:42Z", "ms": 1203432041859.903 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-19T19:33:15+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-19T16:33:15Z", "ms": 1203438794508.3994 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 09:40 on Mon 18 Feb to 08:14 on Tue 19 Feb.", "fact": "2008-02-18T06:39:54Z → 2008-02-19T05:14:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:39–19:32 on the 18th, 17:41–19:33 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 113 of 113 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 113 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28719 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Monday 18 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Monday 18 February. Trayodaśī runs from 09:40 on Mon 18 Feb to 08:14 on Tue 19 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-02-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/maghi-purnima", "festival": "maghi-purnima", "name": "Māghī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-02-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18627, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2008-02-20T07:09:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-20T04:09:22Z", "ms": 1203480562206.373 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-21T06:30:31+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-21T03:30:31Z", "ms": 1203564630744.885 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-02-20T07:09:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-20T04:09:22Z", "ms": 1203480562206.373 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-21T06:30:31+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-21T03:30:31Z", "ms": 1203564630744.885 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-02-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-20T12:19:49+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-20T09:19:49Z", "ms": 1203499188993.81 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-20T13:07:49+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-20T10:07:49Z", "ms": 1203502068993.81 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-02-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-21T12:19:43+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-21T09:19:43Z", "ms": 1203585582829.0005 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-21T13:07:43+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-21T10:07:43Z", "ms": 1203588462829.0005 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 07:09 on Wed 20 Feb to 06:31 on Thu 21 Feb.", "fact": "2008-02-20T04:09:22Z → 2008-02-21T03:30:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:20–13:08 on the 20th, 12:20–13:08 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18627 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Māghī Pūrṇimā, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 20 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maghi-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Maghi purnima (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Māghī Pūrṇimā 2008 falls on Wednesday 20 February. Pūrṇimā runs from 07:09 on Wed 20 Feb to 06:31 on Thu 21 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/maghi-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-02-24", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-02-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38322, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-02-24T07:44:08+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-24T04:44:08Z", "ms": 1203828247914.4927 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-25T09:15:37+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-25T06:15:37Z", "ms": 1203920137146.6333 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-02-24T07:44:08+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-24T04:44:08Z", "ms": 1203828247914.4927 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-25T09:15:37+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-25T06:15:37Z", "ms": 1203920137146.6333 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-02-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-23T21:05:26+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-23T18:05:26Z", "ms": 1203789925611.8691 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-23T21:05:26+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-23T18:05:26Z", "ms": 1203789925611.8691 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-02-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-02-24T22:24:47+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-24T19:24:47Z", "ms": 1203881087194.178 }, "end": { "local": "2008-02-24T22:24:47+03:00", "utc": "2008-02-24T19:24:47Z", "ms": 1203881087194.178 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:44 on Sun 24 Feb to 09:16 on Mon 25 Feb.", "fact": "2008-02-24T04:44:08Z → 2008-02-25T06:15:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:05 on the 23rd and 22:25 on the 24th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 23rd and is on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 38322 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 24 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-02-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2008 falls on Sunday 24 February. Caturthī runs from 07:44 on Sun 24 Feb to 09:16 on Mon 25 Feb and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-02-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-03-03", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Vijayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-03-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28915, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-03-02T22:12:19+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-02T19:12:19Z", "ms": 1204485138808.65 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-03T23:11:03+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-03T20:11:03Z", "ms": 1204575063133.979 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-03-02T22:12:19+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-02T19:12:19Z", "ms": 1204485138808.65 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-03T23:11:03+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-03T20:11:03Z", "ms": 1204575063133.979 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-03-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-03T07:15:30+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-03T04:15:30Z", "ms": 1204517729830.982 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-03T07:15:30+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-03T04:15:30Z", "ms": 1204517729830.982 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-03-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-04T07:12:59+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-04T04:12:59Z", "ms": 1204603978586.4377 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-04T07:12:59+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-04T04:12:59Z", "ms": 1204603978586.4377 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 22:12 on Sun 2 Mar to 23:11 on Mon 3 Mar.", "fact": "2008-03-02T19:12:19Z → 2008-03-03T20:11:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:15 on the 3rd and 07:13 on the 4th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 3rd and is not on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28915 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Monday 3 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vijayā Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Monday 3 March. Ekādaśī runs from 22:12 on Sun 2 Mar to 23:11 on Mon 3 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-03-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/maha-shivaratri", "festival": "maha-shivaratri", "name": "Mahāśivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-03-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4508, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-03-05T23:01:06+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-05T20:01:06Z", "ms": 1204747266078.881 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-06T21:54:55+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-06T18:54:55Z", "ms": 1204829694752.5251 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-03-05T23:01:06+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-05T20:01:06Z", "ms": 1204747266078.881 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-06T21:54:55+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-06T18:54:55Z", "ms": 1204829694752.5251 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-03-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-06T00:16:14+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-05T21:16:14Z", "ms": 1204751774055.1555 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-06T01:04:14+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-05T22:04:14Z", "ms": 1204754654055.1555 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-03-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-07T00:16:00+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-06T21:16:00Z", "ms": 1204838160198.419 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-07T01:04:00+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-06T22:04:00Z", "ms": 1204841040198.419 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 23:01 on Wed 5 Mar to 21:55 on Thu 6 Mar.", "fact": "2008-03-05T20:01:06Z → 2008-03-06T18:54:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:16–01:04 on the 5th, 00:16–01:04 on the 6th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 4508 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāśivarātri, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 5 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maha-shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day" } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Mahāśivarātri 2008 falls on Wednesday 5 March. Caturdaśī runs from 23:01 on Wed 5 Mar to 21:55 on Thu 6 Mar and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/maha-shivaratri", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-03-05", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-03-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11110, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-03-04T23:27:27+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-04T20:27:27Z", "ms": 1204662446873.1113 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-05T23:01:06+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-05T20:01:06Z", "ms": 1204747266078.881 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-03-04T23:27:27+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-04T20:27:27Z", "ms": 1204662446873.1113 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-05T23:01:06+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-05T20:01:06Z", "ms": 1204747266078.881 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-03-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-04T18:10:28+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-04T15:10:28Z", "ms": 1204643428256.885 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-04T19:54:28+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-04T16:54:28Z", "ms": 1204649668058.0894 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-03-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-05T18:12:34+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-05T15:12:34Z", "ms": 1204729953707.895 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-05T19:55:56+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-05T16:55:56Z", "ms": 1204736156467.1646 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:27 on Tue 4 Mar to 23:01 on Wed 5 Mar.", "fact": "2008-03-04T20:27:27Z → 2008-03-05T20:01:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:10–19:54 on the 4th, 18:13–19:56 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 104 minutes on the 4th and 103 of 103 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11110 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 5 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Wednesday 5 March. Trayodaśī runs from 23:27 on Tue 4 Mar to 23:01 on Wed 5 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-03-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-03-10", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-03-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 366, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-03-10T12:58:12+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-10T09:58:12Z", "ms": 1205143092262.3193 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-11T10:14:31+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-11T07:14:31Z", "ms": 1205219671420.6853 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-03-10T12:58:12+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-10T09:58:12Z", "ms": 1205143092262.3193 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-11T10:14:31+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-11T07:14:31Z", "ms": 1205219671420.6853 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-03-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-10T12:16:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-10T09:16:18Z", "ms": 1205140578383.609 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-10T13:04:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-10T10:04:18Z", "ms": 1205143458383.609 } }, "covered_min": 6, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-03-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-11T12:16:03+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-11T09:16:03Z", "ms": 1205226962937.5166 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-11T13:04:03+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-11T10:04:03Z", "ms": 1205229842937.5166 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:58 on Mon 10 Mar to 10:15 on Tue 11 Mar.", "fact": "2008-03-10T09:58:12Z → 2008-03-11T07:14:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:16–13:04 on the 10th, 12:16–13:04 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 6 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 366 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Monday 10 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vināyaka Caturthī 2008 falls on Monday 10 March. Caturthī runs from 12:58 on Mon 10 Mar to 10:15 on Tue 11 Mar and covers 6 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-03-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-03-17", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-03-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31288, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-03-16T21:58:03+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-16T18:58:03Z", "ms": 1205693882805.3638 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-17T21:06:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-17T18:06:51Z", "ms": 1205777211452.5388 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-03-16T21:58:03+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-16T18:58:03Z", "ms": 1205693882805.3638 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-17T21:06:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-17T18:06:51Z", "ms": 1205777211452.5388 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-03-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-17T06:39:31+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-17T03:39:31Z", "ms": 1205725171253.9155 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-17T06:39:31+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-17T03:39:31Z", "ms": 1205725171253.9155 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-03-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-18T06:36:55+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-18T03:36:55Z", "ms": 1205811414726.3044 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-18T06:36:55+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-18T03:36:55Z", "ms": 1205811414726.3044 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:58 on Sun 16 Mar to 21:07 on Mon 17 Mar.", "fact": "2008-03-16T18:58:03Z → 2008-03-17T18:06:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:40 on the 17th and 06:37 on the 18th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 17th and is not on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31288 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Monday 17 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Āmalakī Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Monday 17 March. Ekādaśī runs from 21:58 on Sun 16 Mar to 21:07 on Mon 17 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-03-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-03-19", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-03-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1140, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-03-18T20:39:07+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-18T17:39:07Z", "ms": 1205861946641.826 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-19T20:35:04+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-19T17:35:04Z", "ms": 1205948104064.998 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-03-18T20:39:07+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-18T17:39:07Z", "ms": 1205861946641.826 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-19T20:35:04+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-19T17:35:04Z", "ms": 1205948104064.998 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-03-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-18T18:39:19+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-18T15:39:19Z", "ms": 1205854759122.5464 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-18T20:14:39+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-18T17:14:39Z", "ms": 1205860478978.677 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-03-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-19T18:41:21+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-19T15:41:21Z", "ms": 1205941280908.9924 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-19T20:16:04+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-19T17:16:04Z", "ms": 1205946963618.9824 } }, "covered_min": 95, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:39 on Tue 18 Mar to 20:35 on Wed 19 Mar.", "fact": "2008-03-18T17:39:07Z → 2008-03-19T17:35:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:39–20:15 on the 18th, 18:41–20:16 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 95 minutes on the 18th and 95 of 95 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1140 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 19 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-19", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Wednesday 19 March. Trayodaśī runs from 20:39 on Tue 18 Mar to 20:35 on Wed 19 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-03-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/holika-dahana", "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-03-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7907, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2008-03-20T20:55:10+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-20T17:55:10Z", "ms": 1206035709643.2837 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-21T21:39:57+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-21T18:39:57Z", "ms": 1206124797405.5532 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-03-20T20:55:10+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-20T17:55:10Z", "ms": 1206035709643.2837 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-21T21:39:57+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-21T18:39:57Z", "ms": 1206124797405.5532 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-03-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-20T16:17:02+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-20T13:17:02Z", "ms": 1206019022264.6724 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-20T18:43:23+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-20T15:43:23Z", "ms": 1206027802522.3608 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 146, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-03-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-21T16:18:08+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-21T13:18:08Z", "ms": 1206105488050.8076 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-21T18:45:24+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-21T15:45:24Z", "ms": 1206114323982.115 } }, "covered_min": 147, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:55 on Thu 20 Mar to 21:40 on Fri 21 Mar.", "fact": "2008-03-20T17:55:10Z → 2008-03-21T18:39:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:17–18:43 on the 20th, 16:18–18:45 on the 21st.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 146 minutes on the 20th and 147 of 147 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7907 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holikā Dahana, Moscow, 2008: Friday 21 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holika-dahana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "not_evaluated": "The hour the row gives for the rite (\"it should be observed on second half of purnima at night\") is not tested: sāyāhna alone settles the day.", "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Holikā Dahana 2008 falls on Friday 21 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:55 on Thu 20 Mar to 21:40 on Fri 21 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/holika-dahana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/holi", "festival": "holi", "name": "Holī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-03-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7907, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2008-03-20T20:55:10+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-20T17:55:10Z", "ms": 1206035709643.2837 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-21T21:39:57+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-21T18:39:57Z", "ms": 1206124797405.5532 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-03-20T20:55:10+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-20T17:55:10Z", "ms": 1206035709643.2837 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-21T21:39:57+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-21T18:39:57Z", "ms": 1206124797405.5532 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-03-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-20T16:17:02+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-20T13:17:02Z", "ms": 1206019022264.6724 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-20T18:43:23+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-20T15:43:23Z", "ms": 1206027802522.3608 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 146, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-03-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-21T16:18:08+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-21T13:18:08Z", "ms": 1206105488050.8076 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-21T18:45:24+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-21T15:45:24Z", "ms": 1206114323982.115 } }, "covered_min": 147, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "local_date": "2008-03-21", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:55 on Thu 20 Mar to 21:40 on Fri 21 Mar.", "fact": "2008-03-20T17:55:10Z → 2008-03-21T18:39:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:17–18:43 on the 20th, 16:18–18:45 on the 21st.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 146 minutes on the 20th and 147 of 147 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7907 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Holī is kept the day after Holikā Dahana: Friday 21 March is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: holika-dahana + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holī, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 22 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holi", "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Holī 2008 falls on Saturday 22 March. It is kept the day after Holikā Dahana, which falls on Friday 21 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:55 on Thu 20 Mar to 21:40 on Fri 21 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna on the 21st.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/holi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vasantotsava", "festival": "vasantotsava", "name": "Vasantotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-03-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27240, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 15, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2008-03-21T21:39:57+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-21T18:39:57Z", "ms": 1206124797405.5532 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-22T22:49:50+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-22T19:49:50Z", "ms": 1206215390105.875 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-03-21T21:39:57+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-21T18:39:57Z", "ms": 1206124797405.5532 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-22T22:49:50+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-22T19:49:50Z", "ms": 1206215390105.875 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-03-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-22T06:26:27+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-22T03:26:27Z", "ms": 1206156387346.5083 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-22T06:26:27+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-22T03:26:27Z", "ms": 1206156387346.5083 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-23T06:23:50+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-23T03:23:50Z", "ms": 1206242630324.7473 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-23T06:23:50+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-23T03:23:50Z", "ms": 1206242630324.7473 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 21:40 on Fri 21 Mar to 22:50 on Sat 22 Mar.", "fact": "2008-03-21T18:39:57Z → 2008-03-22T19:49:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:26 on the 22nd and 06:24 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be current at sunrise. It is on the 22nd and is not on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 27240 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasantotsava, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 22 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasantotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 1 Vasantotsava (current at sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vasantotsava 2008 falls on Saturday 22 March. Pratipadā runs from 21:40 on Fri 21 Mar to 22:50 on Sat 22 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vasantotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-03-25", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-03-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13062, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-03-25T02:21:38+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-24T23:21:38Z", "ms": 1206400898182.4282 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-26T04:37:13+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-26T01:37:13Z", "ms": 1206495433277.3418 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-03-25T02:21:38+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-24T23:21:38Z", "ms": 1206400898182.4282 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-26T04:37:13+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-26T01:37:13Z", "ms": 1206495433277.3418 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-24T22:43:56+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-24T19:43:56Z", "ms": 1206387835727.481 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-24T22:43:56+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-24T19:43:56Z", "ms": 1206387835727.481 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-26T00:04:19+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-25T21:04:19Z", "ms": 1206479058751.3545 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-26T00:04:19+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-25T21:04:19Z", "ms": 1206479058751.3545 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 02:22 on Tue 25 Mar to 04:37 on Wed 26 Mar.", "fact": "2008-03-24T23:21:38Z → 2008-03-26T01:37:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:44 on the 24th and 00:04 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13062 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 25 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2008 falls on Tuesday 25 March. Caturthī runs from 02:22 on Tue 25 Mar to 04:37 on Wed 26 Mar and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-03-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shitalashtami", "festival": "shitalashtami", "name": "Śītalāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-03-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1398, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2008-03-29T11:47:32+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-29T08:47:32Z", "ms": 1206780452301.8008 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-30T14:39:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-03-30T10:39:30Z", "ms": 1206873569677.1655 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-03-29T11:47:32+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-29T08:47:32Z", "ms": 1206780452301.8008 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-30T14:39:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-03-30T10:39:30Z", "ms": 1206873569677.1655 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-03-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-29T12:10:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-29T09:10:51Z", "ms": 1206781850592.1396 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-29T12:58:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-03-29T09:58:51Z", "ms": 1206784730592.1396 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-03-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-03-30T13:10:33+04:00", "utc": "2008-03-30T09:10:33Z", "ms": 1206868232755.8992 }, "end": { "local": "2008-03-30T13:58:33+04:00", "utc": "2008-03-30T09:58:33Z", "ms": 1206871112755.8992 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 11:48 on Sat 29 Mar to 14:39 on Sun 30 Mar.", "fact": "2008-03-29T08:47:32Z → 2008-03-30T10:39:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:11–12:59 on the 29th, 13:11–13:59 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 1398 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalāṣṭamī, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 29 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitalashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Sitalastami, (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-03-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śītalāṣṭamī 2008 falls on Saturday 29 March. Aṣṭamī runs from 11:48 on Sat 29 Mar to 14:39 on Sun 30 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shitalashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-04-02", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-04-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33267, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-04-01T16:28:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-01T12:28:10Z", "ms": 1207052889514.406 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-02T16:12:11+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-02T12:12:11Z", "ms": 1207138331273.6213 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-04-01T16:28:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-01T12:28:10Z", "ms": 1207052889514.406 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-02T16:12:11+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-02T12:12:11Z", "ms": 1207138331273.6213 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-01T07:00:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-01T03:00:20Z", "ms": 1207018819934.1543 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-01T07:00:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-01T03:00:20Z", "ms": 1207018819934.1543 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-04-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-02T06:57:44+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-02T02:57:44Z", "ms": 1207105064073.618 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-02T06:57:44+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-02T02:57:44Z", "ms": 1207105064073.618 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:28 on Tue 1 Apr to 16:12 on Wed 2 Apr.", "fact": "2008-04-01T12:28:10Z → 2008-04-02T12:12:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:00 on the 1st and 06:58 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 1st and is on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33267 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 2 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Wednesday 2 April. Ekādaśī runs from 16:28 on Tue 1 Apr to 16:12 on Wed 2 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-04-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-04-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-04-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18225, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-04-03T15:07:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-03T11:07:51Z", "ms": 1207220871178.0413 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-04T13:18:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-04T09:18:51Z", "ms": 1207300730916.2126 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-04-03T15:07:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-03T11:07:51Z", "ms": 1207220871178.0413 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-04T13:18:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-04T09:18:51Z", "ms": 1207300730916.2126 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-04-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-03T20:11:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-03T16:11:37Z", "ms": 1207239096562.1033 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-03T21:37:04+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-03T17:37:04Z", "ms": 1207244224116.5818 } }, "covered_min": 85, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-04T20:13:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-04T16:13:37Z", "ms": 1207325617454.8408 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-04T21:38:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-04T17:38:28Z", "ms": 1207330708232.5276 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 15:08 on Thu 3 Apr to 13:19 on Fri 4 Apr.", "fact": "2008-04-03T11:07:51Z → 2008-04-04T09:18:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:12–21:37 on the 3rd, 20:14–21:38 on the 4th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 85 of 85 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 85 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18225 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 3 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Thursday 3 April. Trayodaśī runs from 15:08 on Thu 3 Apr to 13:19 on Fri 4 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-04-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-04-04", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-04-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32159, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-04-04T13:18:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-04T09:18:51Z", "ms": 1207300730916.2126 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-05T10:51:47+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-05T06:51:47Z", "ms": 1207378307262.2173 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-04-04T13:18:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-04T09:18:51Z", "ms": 1207300730916.2126 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-05T10:51:47+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-05T06:51:47Z", "ms": 1207378307262.2173 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-04-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-04T01:08:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-03T21:08:05Z", "ms": 1207256884891.3975 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-04T01:56:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-03T21:56:05Z", "ms": 1207259764891.3975 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-05T01:07:48+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-04T21:07:48Z", "ms": 1207343267871.1663 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-05T01:55:48+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-04T21:55:48Z", "ms": 1207346147871.1663 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:19 on Fri 4 Apr to 10:52 on Sat 5 Apr.", "fact": "2008-04-04T09:18:51Z → 2008-04-05T06:51:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:08–01:56 on the 3rd, 01:08–01:56 on the 4th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32159 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Moscow, 2008: Friday 4 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śivarātri 2008 falls on Friday 4 April. Caturdaśī runs from 13:19 on Fri 4 Apr to 10:52 on Sat 5 Apr and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-04-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "festival": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "name": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra)", "everyday": "Chaitra Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-04-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18794, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2008-04-06T07:55:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-06T03:55:18Z", "ms": 1207454117525.6174 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-07T04:39:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-07T00:39:10Z", "ms": 1207528750421.1648 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-04-06T07:55:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-06T03:55:18Z", "ms": 1207454117525.6174 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-07T04:39:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-07T00:39:10Z", "ms": 1207528750421.1648 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-06T13:08:32+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-06T09:08:32Z", "ms": 1207472911509.6501 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-06T13:56:32+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-06T09:56:32Z", "ms": 1207475791509.6501 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-07T13:08:15+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-07T09:08:15Z", "ms": 1207559294898.269 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-07T13:56:15+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-07T09:56:15Z", "ms": 1207562174898.269 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 07:55 on Sun 6 Apr to 04:39 on Mon 7 Apr.", "fact": "2008-04-06T03:55:18Z → 2008-04-07T00:39:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:09–13:57 on the 6th, 13:08–13:56 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18794 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra), Moscow, 2008: Sunday 6 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Navarātrārambha (Caitra) (Chaitra Navratri) 2008 falls on Sunday 6 April. Pratipadā runs from 07:55 on Sun 6 Apr to 04:39 on Mon 7 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/gauri-tritiya", "festival": "gauri-tritiya", "name": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Gangaur", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-04-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28400, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2008-04-08T01:13:45+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-07T21:13:45Z", "ms": 1207602825273.131 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-08T21:49:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-08T17:49:18Z", "ms": 1207676958139.5479 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-04-08T01:13:45+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-07T21:13:45Z", "ms": 1207602825273.131 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-08T21:49:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-08T17:49:18Z", "ms": 1207676958139.5479 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-07T13:08:15+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-07T09:08:15Z", "ms": 1207559294898.269 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-07T13:56:15+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-07T09:56:15Z", "ms": 1207562174898.269 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-08T13:07:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-08T09:07:59Z", "ms": 1207645678505.5898 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-08T13:55:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-08T09:55:59Z", "ms": 1207648558505.5898 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 01:14 on Tue 8 Apr to 21:49 on Tue 8 Apr.", "fact": "2008-04-07T21:13:45Z → 2008-04-08T17:49:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:08–13:56 on the 7th, 13:08–13:56 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28400 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 8 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gauri-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Gaurī Tṛtīyā (Gangaur) 2008 falls on Tuesday 8 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 01:14 on Tue 8 Apr to 21:49 on Tue 8 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/gauri-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-04-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28400, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2008-04-08T01:13:45+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-07T21:13:45Z", "ms": 1207602825273.131 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-08T21:49:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-08T17:49:18Z", "ms": 1207676958139.5479 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-04-08T01:13:45+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-07T21:13:45Z", "ms": 1207602825273.131 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-08T21:49:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-08T17:49:18Z", "ms": 1207676958139.5479 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-07T13:08:15+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-07T09:08:15Z", "ms": 1207559294898.269 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-07T13:56:15+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-07T09:56:15Z", "ms": 1207562174898.269 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-08T13:07:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-08T09:07:59Z", "ms": 1207645678505.5898 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-08T13:55:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-08T09:55:59Z", "ms": 1207648558505.5898 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 01:14 on Tue 8 Apr to 21:49 on Tue 8 Apr.", "fact": "2008-04-07T21:13:45Z → 2008-04-08T17:49:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:08–13:56 on the 7th, 13:08–13:56 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28400 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 8 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata 2008 falls on Tuesday 8 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 01:14 on Tue 8 Apr to 21:49 on Tue 8 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-04-09", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-04-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16789, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-04-08T21:49:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-08T17:49:18Z", "ms": 1207676958139.5479 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-09T18:35:32+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-09T14:35:32Z", "ms": 1207751731735.084 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-04-08T21:49:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-08T17:49:18Z", "ms": 1207676958139.5479 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-09T18:35:32+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-09T14:35:32Z", "ms": 1207751731735.084 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-08T13:07:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-08T09:07:59Z", "ms": 1207645678505.5898 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-08T13:55:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-08T09:55:59Z", "ms": 1207648558505.5898 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-09T13:07:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-09T09:07:42Z", "ms": 1207732062344.0786 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-09T13:55:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-09T09:55:42Z", "ms": 1207734942344.0786 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:49 on Tue 8 Apr to 18:36 on Wed 9 Apr.", "fact": "2008-04-08T17:49:18Z → 2008-04-09T14:35:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:08–13:56 on the 8th, 13:08–13:56 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16789 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 9 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vināyaka Caturthī 2008 falls on Wednesday 9 April. Caturthī runs from 21:49 on Tue 8 Apr to 18:36 on Wed 9 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-04-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/lakshmi-panchami", "festival": "lakshmi-panchami", "name": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-04-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6340, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2008-04-09T18:35:32+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-09T14:35:32Z", "ms": 1207751731735.084 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-10T15:41:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-10T11:41:06Z", "ms": 1207827666401.6294 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-04-09T18:35:32+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-09T14:35:32Z", "ms": 1207751731735.084 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-10T15:41:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-10T11:41:06Z", "ms": 1207827666401.6294 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-09T13:07:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-09T09:07:42Z", "ms": 1207732062344.0786 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-09T13:55:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-09T09:55:42Z", "ms": 1207734942344.0786 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-10T13:07:26+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-10T09:07:26Z", "ms": 1207818446426.6396 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-10T13:55:26+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-10T09:55:26Z", "ms": 1207821326426.6396 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 18:36 on Wed 9 Apr to 15:41 on Thu 10 Apr.", "fact": "2008-04-09T14:35:32Z → 2008-04-10T11:41:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:08–13:56 on the 9th, 13:07–13:55 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 6340 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 10 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "lakshmi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri pancami or Laksmi pancami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Lakṣmī Pañcamī 2008 falls on Thursday 10 April. Pañcamī runs from 18:36 on Wed 9 Apr to 15:41 on Thu 10 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/lakshmi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/bhavani-utpatti", "festival": "bhavani-utpatti", "name": "Bhavānī Utpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-04-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6597, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2008-04-12T11:16:58+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-12T07:16:58Z", "ms": 1207984618085.296 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-13T09:55:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-13T05:55:22Z", "ms": 1208066122168.6052 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-04-12T11:16:58+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-12T07:16:58Z", "ms": 1207984618085.296 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-13T09:55:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-13T05:55:22Z", "ms": 1208066122168.6052 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-12T13:06:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-12T09:06:55Z", "ms": 1207991215379.7944 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-12T13:54:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-12T09:54:55Z", "ms": 1207994095379.7944 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-13T13:06:40+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-13T09:06:40Z", "ms": 1208077600280.6191 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-13T13:54:40+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-13T09:54:40Z", "ms": 1208080480280.6191 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 11:17 on Sat 12 Apr to 09:55 on Sun 13 Apr.", "fact": "2008-04-12T07:16:58Z → 2008-04-13T05:55:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:07–13:55 on the 12th, 13:07–13:55 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6597 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhavānī Utpatti, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 12 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhavani-utpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Annapurna puja (Beng.) (paraviddha), Bhavani-utpatti (paraviddha), Asokastami (Special when combined with naks. Punarvasu and Wednesday, after mid-day)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Bhavānī Utpatti 2008 falls on Saturday 12 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 11:17 on Sat 12 Apr to 09:55 on Sun 13 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/bhavani-utpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vaishakhi", "festival": "vaishakhi", "name": "Vaiśākhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37769, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 0, "key": "mesha", "name": "Meṣa", "start": { "local": "2008-04-13T16:59:04+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-13T12:59:04Z", "ms": 1208091543991.242 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-14T13:53:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-14T09:53:49Z", "ms": 1210758829308.3235 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "2008-04-13T16:59:04+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-13T12:59:04Z", "ms": 1208091543991.242 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-13T16:59:04+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-13T12:59:04Z", "ms": 1208091543991.242 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-12T06:32:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-12T02:32:06Z", "ms": 1207967525669.7192 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-13T06:29:35+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-13T02:29:35Z", "ms": 1208053774507.8318 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1437, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-13T06:29:35+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-13T02:29:35Z", "ms": 1208053774507.8318 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-14T06:27:04+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-14T02:27:04Z", "ms": 1208140023962.176 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1437, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Meṣa at 16:59 on Sun 13 Apr.", "fact": "2008-04-13T12:59:04Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:32 on the 12th, and from 06:30 on the 13th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from sunrise. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunrise → only-day · margin 37769 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaiśākhī, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "vaishakhi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Mesadi — Cadaka puja (Bengal), Bahag Bihu (Assam), Cheiraoba (Manipur), Visu (T. C. State), Vaisakhi (on the samkramana day commencing from sunrise)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The other names in the row (Cadaka puja, Bahag Bihu, Cheiraoba, Visu) are regional observances and wait with the regional rows.", "rashi": "Meṣa", "day_from": "sunrise" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "2008-04-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "2008-04-13", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vaiśākhī 2008 falls on Sunday 13 April. The Sun enters Meṣa at 16:59 on Sun 13 Apr, and the rule counts the day from sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vaishakhi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/rama-navami", "festival": "rama-navami", "name": "Rāma Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11478, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2008-04-13T09:55:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-13T05:55:22Z", "ms": 1208066122168.6052 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-14T09:08:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-14T05:08:59Z", "ms": 1208149738937.5269 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-04-13T09:55:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-13T05:55:22Z", "ms": 1208066122168.6052 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-14T09:08:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-14T05:08:59Z", "ms": 1208149738937.5269 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-13T13:06:40+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-13T09:06:40Z", "ms": 1208077600280.6191 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-13T13:54:40+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-13T09:54:40Z", "ms": 1208080480280.6191 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-14T13:06:25+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-14T09:06:25Z", "ms": 1208163985485.71 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-14T13:54:25+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-14T09:54:25Z", "ms": 1208166865485.71 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 09:55 on Sun 13 Apr to 09:09 on Mon 14 Apr.", "fact": "2008-04-13T05:55:22Z → 2008-04-14T05:08:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:07–13:55 on the 13th, 13:06–13:54 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11478 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāma Navamī, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rama-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Ramanavami (madhyahnavyapini, special with Punarvasu naks.), Rama jayanti." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special when it falls with Punarvasu nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Rāma Navamī 2008 falls on Sunday 13 April. Navamī runs from 09:55 on Sun 13 Apr to 09:09 on Mon 14 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/rama-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-04-16", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-04-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9106, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-04-15T08:56:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-15T04:56:20Z", "ms": 1208235379814.6814 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-16T09:14:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-16T05:14:28Z", "ms": 1208322867917.1924 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-04-15T08:56:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-15T04:56:20Z", "ms": 1208235379814.6814 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-16T09:14:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-16T05:14:28Z", "ms": 1208322867917.1924 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-15T06:24:34+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-15T02:24:34Z", "ms": 1208226274067.4858 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-15T06:24:34+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-15T02:24:34Z", "ms": 1208226274067.4858 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-16T06:22:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-16T02:22:05Z", "ms": 1208312524859.0056 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-16T06:22:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-16T02:22:05Z", "ms": 1208312524859.0056 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:56 on Tue 15 Apr to 09:14 on Wed 16 Apr.", "fact": "2008-04-15T04:56:20Z → 2008-04-16T05:14:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:25 on the 15th and 06:22 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 15th and is on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9106 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 16 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kāmadā Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Wednesday 16 April. Ekādaśī runs from 08:56 on Tue 15 Apr to 09:14 on Wed 16 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-04-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ananga-trayodashi", "festival": "ananga-trayodashi", "name": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-04-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7013, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-04-17T09:59:45+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-17T05:59:45Z", "ms": 1208411985062.2217 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-18T11:08:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-18T07:08:36Z", "ms": 1208502516370.5625 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-04-17T09:59:45+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-17T05:59:45Z", "ms": 1208411985062.2217 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-18T11:08:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-18T07:08:36Z", "ms": 1208502516370.5625 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-04-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-17T13:05:43+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-17T09:05:43Z", "ms": 1208423143094.6082 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-17T13:53:43+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-17T09:53:43Z", "ms": 1208426023094.6082 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-04-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-18T13:05:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-18T09:05:30Z", "ms": 1208509529685.2324 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-18T13:53:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-18T09:53:30Z", "ms": 1208512409685.2324 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 10:00 on Thu 17 Apr to 11:09 on Fri 18 Apr.", "fact": "2008-04-17T05:59:45Z → 2008-04-18T07:08:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:06–13:54 on the 17th, 13:05–13:53 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 7013 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 17 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananga-trayodashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 13 Ananga trayodasi (purvaviddha), Mahavira jayanti (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Anaṅga Trayodaśī 2008 falls on Thursday 17 April. Trayodaśī runs from 10:00 on Thu 17 Apr to 11:09 on Fri 18 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ananga-trayodashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-04-17", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-04-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34394, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-04-17T09:59:45+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-17T05:59:45Z", "ms": 1208411985062.2217 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-18T11:08:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-18T07:08:36Z", "ms": 1208502516370.5625 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-04-17T09:59:45+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-17T05:59:45Z", "ms": 1208411985062.2217 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-18T11:08:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-18T07:08:36Z", "ms": 1208502516370.5625 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-04-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-17T20:39:50+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-17T16:39:50Z", "ms": 1208450389816.6758 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-17T21:56:48+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-17T17:56:48Z", "ms": 1208455008327.0593 } }, "covered_min": 77, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-04-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-18T20:41:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-18T16:41:51Z", "ms": 1208536910725.913 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-18T21:58:14+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-18T17:58:14Z", "ms": 1208541493524.0974 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 10:00 on Thu 17 Apr to 11:09 on Fri 18 Apr.", "fact": "2008-04-17T05:59:45Z → 2008-04-18T07:08:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:40–21:57 on the 17th, 20:42–21:58 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 77 of 77 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 76 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34394 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 17 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Thursday 17 April. Trayodaśī runs from 10:00 on Thu 17 Apr to 11:09 on Fri 18 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-04-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "festival": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "name": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-04-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1638, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-04-18T11:08:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-18T07:08:36Z", "ms": 1208502516370.5625 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-19T12:37:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-19T08:37:59Z", "ms": 1208594278536.7751 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-04-18T11:08:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-18T07:08:36Z", "ms": 1208502516370.5625 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-19T12:37:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-19T08:37:59Z", "ms": 1208594278536.7751 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-04-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-18T13:05:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-18T09:05:30Z", "ms": 1208509529685.2324 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-18T13:53:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-18T09:53:30Z", "ms": 1208512409685.2324 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-04-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-19T13:05:17+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-19T09:05:17Z", "ms": 1208595916664.1987 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-19T13:53:17+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-19T09:53:17Z", "ms": 1208598796664.1987 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 11:09 on Fri 18 Apr to 12:38 on Sat 19 Apr.", "fact": "2008-04-18T07:08:36Z → 2008-04-19T08:37:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:05–13:53 on the 18th, 13:05–13:53 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1638 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 18 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Madanabhanji, (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Sivadamanaka caturdasi, Visnudamanaka caturdasi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī 2008 falls on Friday 18 April. Caturdaśī runs from 11:09 on Fri 18 Apr to 12:38 on Sat 19 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/chaitri-purnima", "festival": "chaitri-purnima", "name": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-04-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1638, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2008-04-19T12:37:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-19T08:37:59Z", "ms": 1208594278536.7751 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-20T14:25:23+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-20T10:25:23Z", "ms": 1208687122990.194 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-04-19T12:37:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-19T08:37:59Z", "ms": 1208594278536.7751 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-20T14:25:23+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-20T10:25:23Z", "ms": 1208687122990.194 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-04-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-19T13:05:17+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-19T09:05:17Z", "ms": 1208595916664.1987 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-19T13:53:17+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-19T09:53:17Z", "ms": 1208598796664.1987 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-20T13:05:04+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-20T09:05:04Z", "ms": 1208682304047.6772 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-20T13:53:04+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-20T09:53:04Z", "ms": 1208685184047.6772 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 12:38 on Sat 19 Apr to 14:25 on Sun 20 Apr.", "fact": "2008-04-19T08:37:59Z → 2008-04-20T10:25:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:05–13:53 on the 19th, 13:05–13:53 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 1638 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 20 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chaitri-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Caitri purnima (paraviddha), Hanumat jayanti, Oli ending (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Caitrī Pūrṇimā 2008 falls on Sunday 20 April. Pūrṇimā runs from 12:38 on Sat 19 Apr to 14:25 on Sun 20 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/chaitri-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-04-23", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-04-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9632, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-04-23T21:09:31+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-23T17:09:31Z", "ms": 1208970570631.1912 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-24T23:36:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-24T19:36:49Z", "ms": 1209065808502.3796 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-04-23T21:09:31+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-23T17:09:31Z", "ms": 1208970570631.1912 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-24T23:36:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-24T19:36:49Z", "ms": 1209065808502.3796 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-04-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-24T01:17:40+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-23T21:17:40Z", "ms": 1208985460284.155 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-24T01:17:40+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-23T21:17:40Z", "ms": 1208985460284.155 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-04-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-04-25T02:17:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-24T22:17:20Z", "ms": 1209075440348.7688 }, "end": { "local": "2008-04-25T02:17:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-04-24T22:17:20Z", "ms": 1209075440348.7688 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:10 on Wed 23 Apr to 23:37 on Thu 24 Apr.", "fact": "2008-04-23T17:09:31Z → 2008-04-24T19:36:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 01:18 on the 23rd and 02:17 on the 24th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 23rd and is not on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9632 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 23 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-04-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2008 falls on Wednesday 23 April. Caturthī runs from 21:10 on Wed 23 Apr to 23:37 on Thu 24 Apr and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-04-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-05-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-05-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1232, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-05-01T06:07:08+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-01T02:07:08Z", "ms": 1209607627774.2605 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-02T04:37:35+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-02T00:37:35Z", "ms": 1209688654641.3003 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-05-01T06:07:08+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-01T02:07:08Z", "ms": 1209607627774.2605 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-02T04:37:35+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-02T00:37:35Z", "ms": 1209688654641.3003 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-01T05:46:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-01T01:46:36Z", "ms": 1209606395606.167 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-01T05:46:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-01T01:46:36Z", "ms": 1209606395606.167 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-05-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-02T05:44:23+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-02T01:44:23Z", "ms": 1209692662905.0322 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-02T05:44:23+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-02T01:44:23Z", "ms": 1209692662905.0322 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:07 on Thu 1 May to 04:38 on Fri 2 May.", "fact": "2008-05-01T02:07:08Z → 2008-05-02T00:37:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:47 on the 1st and 05:44 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 1st and is not on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 1232 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 1 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Varūthinī Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Thursday 1 May. Ekādaśī runs from 06:07 on Thu 1 May to 04:38 on Fri 2 May, and is current at sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-05-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-05-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-05-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4038, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-05-03T02:21:50+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-02T22:21:50Z", "ms": 1209766909549.3318 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-03T23:26:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-03T19:26:57Z", "ms": 1209842816947.0505 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-05-03T02:21:50+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-02T22:21:50Z", "ms": 1209766909549.3318 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-03T23:26:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-03T19:26:57Z", "ms": 1209842816947.0505 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-02T21:09:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-02T17:09:55Z", "ms": 1209748195454.109 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-02T22:18:14+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-02T18:18:14Z", "ms": 1209752293611.6873 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 68, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-05-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-03T21:11:54+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-03T17:11:54Z", "ms": 1209834714297.3325 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-03T22:19:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-03T18:19:39Z", "ms": 1209838779304.3564 } }, "covered_min": 68, "window_min": 68, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 02:22 on Sat 3 May to 23:27 on Sat 3 May.", "fact": "2008-05-02T22:21:50Z → 2008-05-03T19:26:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 21:10–22:18 on the 2nd, 21:12–22:20 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 68 minutes on the 2nd and 68 of 68 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4038 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 3 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Saturday 3 May. Trayodaśī runs from 02:22 on Sat 3 May to 23:27 on Sat 3 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-05-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-05-03", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-05-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5701, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-05-03T23:26:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-03T19:26:57Z", "ms": 1209842816947.0505 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-04T20:02:12+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-04T16:02:12Z", "ms": 1209916932492.5088 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-05-03T23:26:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-03T19:26:57Z", "ms": 1209842816947.0505 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-04T20:02:12+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-04T16:02:12Z", "ms": 1209916932492.5088 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-04T01:01:58+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-03T21:01:58Z", "ms": 1209848518073.6724 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-04T01:49:58+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-03T21:49:58Z", "ms": 1209851398073.6724 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-05-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-05T01:01:53+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-04T21:01:53Z", "ms": 1209934913172.2812 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-05T01:49:53+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-04T21:49:53Z", "ms": 1209937793172.2812 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 23:27 on Sat 3 May to 20:02 on Sun 4 May.", "fact": "2008-05-03T19:26:57Z → 2008-05-04T16:02:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:02–01:50 on the 3rd, 01:02–01:50 on the 4th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5701 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 3 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śivarātri 2008 falls on Saturday 3 May. Caturdaśī runs from 23:27 on Sat 3 May to 20:02 on Sun 4 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-05-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/akshaya-tritiya", "festival": "akshaya-tritiya", "name": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-05-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1671, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2008-05-07T08:37:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-07T04:37:49Z", "ms": 1210135069291.1846 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-08T05:03:48+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-08T01:03:48Z", "ms": 1210208627506.1572 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-05-07T08:37:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-07T04:37:49Z", "ms": 1210135069291.1846 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-08T05:03:48+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-08T01:03:48Z", "ms": 1210208627506.1572 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-07T05:33:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-07T01:33:42Z", "ms": 1210124021900.1694 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-07T10:49:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-07T06:49:03Z", "ms": 1210142942999.7188 } }, "covered_min": 131, "window_min": 315, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-08T05:31:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-08T01:31:39Z", "ms": 1210210298559.4287 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-08T10:48:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-08T06:48:20Z", "ms": 1210229299547.6877 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 317, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 08:38 on Wed 7 May to 05:04 on Thu 8 May.", "fact": "2008-05-07T04:37:49Z → 2008-05-08T01:03:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:34–10:49 on the 7th, 05:32–10:48 on the 8th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 131 of 315 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 317 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1671 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 7 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Rohiṇī nakṣatra and a Wednesday; neither is tested.", "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Akṣaya Tṛtīyā 2008 falls on Wednesday 7 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 08:38 on Wed 7 May to 05:04 on Thu 8 May and covers 131 of 315 minutes of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/akshaya-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/parashurama-jayanti", "festival": "parashurama-jayanti", "name": "Paraśurāma Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-05-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23907, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2008-05-07T08:37:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-07T04:37:49Z", "ms": 1210135069291.1846 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-08T05:03:48+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-08T01:03:48Z", "ms": 1210208627506.1572 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-05-07T08:37:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-07T04:37:49Z", "ms": 1210135069291.1846 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-08T05:03:48+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-08T01:03:48Z", "ms": 1210208627506.1572 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-06T21:17:48+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-06T17:17:48Z", "ms": 1210094268253.935 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-06T22:23:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-06T18:23:55Z", "ms": 1210098235406.7664 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 66, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-07T21:19:45+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-07T17:19:45Z", "ms": 1210180785198.8171 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-07T22:25:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-07T18:25:20Z", "ms": 1210184720313.5654 } }, "covered_min": 66, "window_min": 66, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 08:38 on Wed 7 May to 05:04 on Thu 8 May.", "fact": "2008-05-07T04:37:49Z → 2008-05-08T01:03:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 21:18–22:24 on the 6th, 21:20–22:25 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 66 minutes on the 6th and 66 of 66 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 23907 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Jayantī, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 7 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Paraśurāma Jayantī 2008 falls on Wednesday 7 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 08:38 on Wed 7 May to 05:04 on Thu 8 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/parashurama-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-05-08", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-05-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28733, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-05-08T05:03:48+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-08T01:03:48Z", "ms": 1210208627506.1572 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-09T01:54:16+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-08T21:54:16Z", "ms": 1210283656326.8003 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-05-08T05:03:48+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-08T01:03:48Z", "ms": 1210208627506.1572 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-09T01:54:16+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-08T21:54:16Z", "ms": 1210283656326.8003 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-08T13:02:40+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-08T09:02:40Z", "ms": 1210237360041.8174 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-08T13:50:40+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-08T09:50:40Z", "ms": 1210240240041.8174 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-09T13:02:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-09T09:02:37Z", "ms": 1210323757065.912 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-09T13:50:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-09T09:50:37Z", "ms": 1210326637065.912 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 05:04 on Thu 8 May to 01:54 on Fri 9 May.", "fact": "2008-05-08T01:03:48Z → 2008-05-08T21:54:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:03–13:51 on the 8th, 13:03–13:51 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28733 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 8 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vināyaka Caturthī 2008 falls on Thursday 8 May. Caturthī runs from 05:04 on Thu 8 May to 01:54 on Fri 9 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-05-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shankara-jayanti", "festival": "shankara-jayanti", "name": "Śaṅkara Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-05-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34032, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2008-05-09T01:54:16+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-08T21:54:16Z", "ms": 1210283656326.8003 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-09T23:17:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-09T19:17:49Z", "ms": 1210360669415.5444 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-05-09T01:54:16+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-08T21:54:16Z", "ms": 1210283656326.8003 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-09T23:17:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-09T19:17:49Z", "ms": 1210360669415.5444 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-08T13:02:40+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-08T09:02:40Z", "ms": 1210237360041.8174 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-08T13:50:40+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-08T09:50:40Z", "ms": 1210240240041.8174 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-09T13:02:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-09T09:02:37Z", "ms": 1210323757065.912 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-09T13:50:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-09T09:50:37Z", "ms": 1210326637065.912 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 01:54 on Fri 9 May to 23:18 on Fri 9 May.", "fact": "2008-05-08T21:54:16Z → 2008-05-09T19:17:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:03–13:51 on the 8th, 13:03–13:51 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34032 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śaṅkara Jayantī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 9 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shankara-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sankara jayanti." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śaṅkara Jayantī 2008 falls on Friday 9 May. Pañcamī runs from 01:54 on Fri 9 May to 23:18 on Fri 9 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shankara-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/gangotpatti", "festival": "gangotpatti", "name": "Gaṅgotpatti", "everyday": "Ganga Saptami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-05-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22600, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2008-05-10T21:20:53+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-10T17:20:53Z", "ms": 1210440053196.6257 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-11T20:07:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-11T16:07:13Z", "ms": 1210522032580.4026 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-05-10T21:20:53+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-10T17:20:53Z", "ms": 1210440053196.6257 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-11T20:07:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-11T16:07:13Z", "ms": 1210522032580.4026 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-10T13:02:35+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-10T09:02:35Z", "ms": 1210410154619.0645 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-10T13:50:35+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-10T09:50:35Z", "ms": 1210413034619.0645 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-11T13:02:33+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-11T09:02:33Z", "ms": 1210496552699.352 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-11T13:50:33+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-11T09:50:33Z", "ms": 1210499432699.352 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 21:21 on Sat 10 May to 20:07 on Sun 11 May.", "fact": "2008-05-10T17:20:53Z → 2008-05-11T16:07:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:03–13:51 on the 10th, 13:03–13:51 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 22600 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṅgotpatti, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 11 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gangotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 2008 falls on Sunday 11 May. Saptamī runs from 21:21 on Sat 10 May to 20:07 on Sun 11 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/gangotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-05-15", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mohinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-05-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26352, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-05-14T20:38:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-14T16:38:03Z", "ms": 1210783083309.555 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-15T21:57:07+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-15T17:57:07Z", "ms": 1210874227473.6116 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-05-14T20:38:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-14T16:38:03Z", "ms": 1210783083309.555 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-15T21:57:07+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-15T17:57:07Z", "ms": 1210874227473.6116 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-15T05:18:07+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-15T01:18:07Z", "ms": 1210814287383.6335 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-15T05:18:07+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-15T01:18:07Z", "ms": 1210814287383.6335 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-16T05:16:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-16T01:16:20Z", "ms": 1210900579700.7603 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-16T05:16:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-16T01:16:20Z", "ms": 1210900579700.7603 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:38 on Wed 14 May to 21:57 on Thu 15 May.", "fact": "2008-05-14T16:38:03Z → 2008-05-15T17:57:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:18 on the 15th and 05:16 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 15th and is not on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26352 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mohinī Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 15 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Mohinī Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Thursday 15 May. Ekādaśī runs from 20:38 on Wed 14 May to 21:57 on Thu 15 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-05-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/parashurama-dvadashi", "festival": "parashurama-dvadashi", "name": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-05-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29197, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-05-15T21:57:07+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-15T17:57:07Z", "ms": 1210874227473.6116 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-16T23:39:47+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-16T19:39:47Z", "ms": 1210966786641.3682 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-05-15T21:57:07+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-15T17:57:07Z", "ms": 1210874227473.6116 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-16T23:39:47+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-16T19:39:47Z", "ms": 1210966786641.3682 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-15T13:02:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-15T09:02:30Z", "ms": 1210842150267.3862 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-15T13:50:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-15T09:50:30Z", "ms": 1210845030267.3862 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-16T13:02:31+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-16T09:02:31Z", "ms": 1210928550964.831 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-16T13:50:31+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-16T09:50:31Z", "ms": 1210931430964.831 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 21:57 on Thu 15 May to 23:40 on Fri 16 May.", "fact": "2008-05-15T17:57:07Z → 2008-05-16T19:39:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:03–13:51 on the 15th, 13:03–13:51 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 29197 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 16 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Paraśurāma Dvādaśī 2008 falls on Friday 16 May. Dvādaśī runs from 21:57 on Thu 15 May to 23:40 on Fri 16 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/parashurama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/rukmini-dvadashi", "festival": "rukmini-dvadashi", "name": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-05-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29197, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-05-15T21:57:07+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-15T17:57:07Z", "ms": 1210874227473.6116 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-16T23:39:47+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-16T19:39:47Z", "ms": 1210966786641.3682 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-05-15T21:57:07+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-15T17:57:07Z", "ms": 1210874227473.6116 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-16T23:39:47+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-16T19:39:47Z", "ms": 1210966786641.3682 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-15T13:02:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-15T09:02:30Z", "ms": 1210842150267.3862 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-15T13:50:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-15T09:50:30Z", "ms": 1210845030267.3862 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-16T13:02:31+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-16T09:02:31Z", "ms": 1210928550964.831 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-16T13:50:31+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-16T09:50:31Z", "ms": 1210931430964.831 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 21:57 on Thu 15 May to 23:40 on Fri 16 May.", "fact": "2008-05-15T17:57:07Z → 2008-05-16T19:39:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:03–13:51 on the 15th, 13:03–13:51 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 29197 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 16 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rukmini-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī 2008 falls on Friday 16 May. Dvādaśī runs from 21:57 on Thu 15 May to 23:40 on Fri 16 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/rukmini-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-05-17", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-05-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3721, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-05-16T23:39:47+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-16T19:39:47Z", "ms": 1210966786641.3682 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-18T01:39:44+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-17T21:39:44Z", "ms": 1211060383517.7642 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-05-16T23:39:47+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-16T19:39:47Z", "ms": 1210966786641.3682 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-18T01:39:44+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-17T21:39:44Z", "ms": 1211060383517.7642 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-16T21:36:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-16T17:36:42Z", "ms": 1210959402228.902 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-16T22:37:45+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-16T18:37:45Z", "ms": 1210963065166.518 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 61, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-17T21:38:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-17T17:38:30Z", "ms": 1211045910100.6938 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-17T22:39:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-17T18:39:05Z", "ms": 1211049544904.7917 } }, "covered_min": 61, "window_min": 61, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:40 on Fri 16 May to 01:40 on Sun 18 May.", "fact": "2008-05-16T19:39:47Z → 2008-05-17T21:39:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 21:37–22:38 on the 16th, 21:39–22:39 on the 17th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 61 minutes on the 16th and 61 of 61 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3721 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 17 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Saturday 17 May. Trayodaśī runs from 23:40 on Fri 16 May to 01:40 on Sun 18 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-05-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "festival": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "name": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Narasimha Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-05-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10839, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-05-18T01:39:44+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-17T21:39:44Z", "ms": 1211060383517.7642 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-19T03:51:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-18T23:51:42Z", "ms": 1211154701814.631 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-05-18T01:39:44+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-17T21:39:44Z", "ms": 1211060383517.7642 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-19T03:51:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-18T23:51:42Z", "ms": 1211154701814.631 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-17T21:38:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-17T17:38:30Z", "ms": 1211045910100.6938 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-17T22:39:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-17T18:39:05Z", "ms": 1211049544904.7917 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 61, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-05-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-18T21:40:17+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-18T17:40:17Z", "ms": 1211132416694.1252 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-18T22:40:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-18T18:40:24Z", "ms": 1211136023852.2515 } }, "covered_min": 60, "window_min": 60, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 01:40 on Sun 18 May to 03:52 on Mon 19 May.", "fact": "2008-05-17T21:39:44Z → 2008-05-18T23:51:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 21:39–22:39 on the 17th, 21:40–22:40 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 61 minutes on the 17th and 60 of 60 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 10839 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 18 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Nrsimha caturdasi (pradosa vyapini — if it occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed, special when combined with naksatra 'Svati', yoga 'Siddhi' and 'Saturday')." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Svātī nakṣatra, Siddhi yoga and a Saturday; none is tested.", "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī (Narasimha Jayanti) 2008 falls on Sunday 18 May. Caturdaśī runs from 01:40 on Sun 18 May to 03:52 on Mon 19 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/buddha-purnima", "festival": "buddha-purnima", "name": "Buddha Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-05-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24676, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2008-05-19T03:51:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-18T23:51:42Z", "ms": 1211154701814.631 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-20T06:11:23+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-20T02:11:23Z", "ms": 1211249482731.5867 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-05-19T03:51:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-18T23:51:42Z", "ms": 1211154701814.631 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-20T06:11:23+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-20T02:11:23Z", "ms": 1211249482731.5867 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-19T13:02:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-19T09:02:36Z", "ms": 1211187756157.2524 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-19T13:50:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-19T09:50:36Z", "ms": 1211190636157.2524 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-20T13:02:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-20T09:02:39Z", "ms": 1211274158910.2532 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-20T13:50:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-20T09:50:39Z", "ms": 1211277038910.2532 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 03:52 on Mon 19 May to 06:11 on Tue 20 May.", "fact": "2008-05-18T23:51:42Z → 2008-05-20T02:11:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:03–13:51 on the 19th, 13:03–13:51 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24676 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Buddha Pūrṇimā, Moscow, 2008: Monday 19 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "buddha-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Buddha Pūrṇimā 2008 falls on Monday 19 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 03:52 on Mon 19 May to 06:11 on Tue 20 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/buddha-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/sampat-gauri-vrata", "festival": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "name": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-05-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24676, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2008-05-19T03:51:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-18T23:51:42Z", "ms": 1211154701814.631 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-20T06:11:23+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-20T02:11:23Z", "ms": 1211249482731.5867 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-05-19T03:51:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-18T23:51:42Z", "ms": 1211154701814.631 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-20T06:11:23+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-20T02:11:23Z", "ms": 1211249482731.5867 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-19T13:02:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-19T09:02:36Z", "ms": 1211187756157.2524 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-19T13:50:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-19T09:50:36Z", "ms": 1211190636157.2524 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-20T13:02:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-20T09:02:39Z", "ms": 1211274158910.2532 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-20T13:50:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-20T09:50:39Z", "ms": 1211277038910.2532 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 03:52 on Mon 19 May to 06:11 on Tue 20 May.", "fact": "2008-05-18T23:51:42Z → 2008-05-20T02:11:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:03–13:51 on the 19th, 13:03–13:51 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24676 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Monday 19 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Sampat Gaurī Vrata 2008 falls on Monday 19 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 03:52 on Mon 19 May to 06:11 on Tue 20 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/sampat-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-05-23", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-05-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37942, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-05-23T13:15:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-23T09:15:24Z", "ms": 1211534124189.8992 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-24T15:20:14+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-24T11:20:14Z", "ms": 1211628013977.87 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-05-23T13:15:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-23T09:15:24Z", "ms": 1211534124189.8992 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-24T15:20:14+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-24T11:20:14Z", "ms": 1211628013977.87 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-24T01:31:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-23T21:31:09Z", "ms": 1211578268913.9458 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-24T01:31:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-23T21:31:09Z", "ms": 1211578268913.9458 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-05-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-25T01:52:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-24T21:52:36Z", "ms": 1211665955688.252 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-25T01:52:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-24T21:52:36Z", "ms": 1211665955688.252 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:15 on Fri 23 May to 15:20 on Sat 24 May.", "fact": "2008-05-23T09:15:24Z → 2008-05-24T11:20:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 01:31 on the 23rd and 01:53 on the 24th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 23rd and is not on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37942 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 23 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2008 falls on Friday 23 May. Caturthī runs from 13:15 on Fri 23 May to 15:20 on Sat 24 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-05-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-05-31", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Aparā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-05-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31639, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-05-30T16:08:15+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-30T12:08:15Z", "ms": 1212149294533.964 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-31T13:41:52+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-31T09:41:52Z", "ms": 1212226911756.1868 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-05-30T16:08:15+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-30T12:08:15Z", "ms": 1212149294533.964 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-31T13:41:52+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-31T09:41:52Z", "ms": 1212226911756.1868 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-30T04:55:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-30T00:55:39Z", "ms": 1212108939437.314 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-30T04:55:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-30T00:55:39Z", "ms": 1212108939437.314 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-05-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-31T04:54:33+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-31T00:54:33Z", "ms": 1212195272805.3726 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-31T04:54:33+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-31T00:54:33Z", "ms": 1212195272805.3726 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:08 on Fri 30 May to 13:42 on Sat 31 May.", "fact": "2008-05-30T12:08:15Z → 2008-05-31T09:41:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:56 on the 30th and 04:55 on the 31st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 30th and is on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31639 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aparā Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 31 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-05-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Aparā Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Saturday 31 May. Ekādaśī runs from 16:08 on Fri 30 May to 13:42 on Sat 31 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-05-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-06-01", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-06-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29431, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-06-01T10:38:38+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-01T06:38:38Z", "ms": 1212302318014.8413 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-02T07:07:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-02T03:07:22Z", "ms": 1212376042447.489 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-06-01T10:38:38+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-01T06:38:38Z", "ms": 1212302318014.8413 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-02T07:07:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-02T03:07:22Z", "ms": 1212376042447.489 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-05-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-05-31T22:00:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-31T18:00:49Z", "ms": 1212256848733.07 }, "end": { "local": "2008-05-31T22:55:50+04:00", "utc": "2008-05-31T18:55:50Z", "ms": 1212260150165.2405 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 55, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-06-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-01T22:02:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-01T18:02:09Z", "ms": 1212343328508.2346 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-01T22:56:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-01T18:56:51Z", "ms": 1212346611307.687 } }, "covered_min": 55, "window_min": 55, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 10:39 on Sun 1 Jun to 07:07 on Mon 2 Jun.", "fact": "2008-06-01T06:38:38Z → 2008-06-02T03:07:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 22:01–22:56 on the 31st, 22:02–22:57 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 55 minutes on the 31st and 55 of 55 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29431 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 1 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Sunday 1 June. Trayodaśī runs from 10:39 on Sun 1 Jun to 07:07 on Mon 2 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-06-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-06-02", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-06-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5211, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-06-02T07:07:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-02T03:07:22Z", "ms": 1212376042447.489 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-03T03:18:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-02T23:18:20Z", "ms": 1212448700230.9614 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-06-02T07:07:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-02T03:07:22Z", "ms": 1212376042447.489 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-03T03:18:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-02T23:18:20Z", "ms": 1212448700230.9614 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-06-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-02T01:03:19+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-01T21:03:19Z", "ms": 1212354199006.1807 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-02T01:51:19+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-01T21:51:19Z", "ms": 1212357079006.1807 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-06-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-03T01:03:29+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-02T21:03:29Z", "ms": 1212440609304.4722 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-03T01:51:29+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-02T21:51:29Z", "ms": 1212443489304.4722 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 07:07 on Mon 2 Jun to 03:18 on Tue 3 Jun.", "fact": "2008-06-02T03:07:22Z → 2008-06-02T23:18:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:03–01:51 on the 1st, 01:03–01:51 on the 2nd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5211 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Moscow, 2008: Monday 2 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śivarātri 2008 falls on Monday 2 June. Caturdaśī runs from 07:07 on Mon 2 Jun to 03:18 on Tue 3 Jun and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-06-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/rambha-tritiya", "festival": "rambha-tritiya", "name": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-06-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1097, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2008-06-05T15:55:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-05T11:55:51Z", "ms": 1212666950803.481 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-06T12:46:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-06T08:46:18Z", "ms": 1212741978370.2004 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-06-05T15:55:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-05T11:55:51Z", "ms": 1212666950803.481 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-06T12:46:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-06T08:46:18Z", "ms": 1212741978370.2004 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-06-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-05T13:04:25+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-05T09:04:25Z", "ms": 1212656665331.2847 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-05T13:52:25+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-05T09:52:25Z", "ms": 1212659545331.2847 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-06T13:04:35+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-06T09:04:35Z", "ms": 1212743075162.1992 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-06T13:52:35+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-06T09:52:35Z", "ms": 1212745955162.1992 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 15:56 on Thu 5 Jun to 12:46 on Fri 6 Jun.", "fact": "2008-06-05T11:55:51Z → 2008-06-06T08:46:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:04–13:52 on the 5th, 13:05–13:53 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → second-day · margin 1097 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā, Moscow, 2008: Friday 6 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rambha-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Rambha trtiya (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Rambhā Tṛtīyā 2008 falls on Friday 6 June. Tṛtīyā runs from 15:56 on Thu 5 Jun to 12:46 on Fri 6 Jun, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/rambha-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-06-06", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-06-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1097, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-06-06T12:46:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-06T08:46:18Z", "ms": 1212741978370.2004 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-07T10:11:48+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-07T06:11:48Z", "ms": 1212819107911.869 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-06-06T12:46:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-06T08:46:18Z", "ms": 1212741978370.2004 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-07T10:11:48+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-07T06:11:48Z", "ms": 1212819107911.869 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-06T13:04:35+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-06T09:04:35Z", "ms": 1212743075162.1992 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-06T13:52:35+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-06T09:52:35Z", "ms": 1212745955162.1992 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-07T13:04:45+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-07T09:04:45Z", "ms": 1212829485243.962 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-07T13:52:45+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-07T09:52:45Z", "ms": 1212832365243.962 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:46 on Fri 6 Jun to 10:12 on Sat 7 Jun.", "fact": "2008-06-06T08:46:18Z → 2008-06-07T06:11:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:05–13:53 on the 6th, 13:05–13:53 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1097 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 6 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vināyaka Caturthī 2008 falls on Friday 6 June. Caturthī runs from 12:46 on Fri 6 Jun to 10:12 on Sat 7 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-06-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/aranya-gauri-vrata", "festival": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "name": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-06-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17132, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2008-06-08T08:19:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-08T04:19:24Z", "ms": 1212898763809.3254 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-09T07:13:31+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-09T03:13:31Z", "ms": 1212981211292.0962 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-06-08T08:19:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-08T04:19:24Z", "ms": 1212898763809.3254 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-09T07:13:31+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-09T03:13:31Z", "ms": 1212981211292.0962 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-06-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-08T13:04:56+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-08T09:04:56Z", "ms": 1212915895554.5042 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-08T13:52:56+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-08T09:52:56Z", "ms": 1212918775554.5042 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-06-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-09T13:05:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-09T09:05:06Z", "ms": 1213002306072.9756 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-09T13:53:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-09T09:53:06Z", "ms": 1213005186072.9756 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:19 on Sun 8 Jun to 07:14 on Mon 9 Jun.", "fact": "2008-06-08T04:19:24Z → 2008-06-09T03:13:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:05–13:53 on the 8th, 13:05–13:53 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17132 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 8 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Araṇya Gaurī Vrata 2008 falls on Sunday 8 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:19 on Sun 8 Jun to 07:14 on Mon 9 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/aranya-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "festival": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-06-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17132, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2008-06-08T08:19:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-08T04:19:24Z", "ms": 1212898763809.3254 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-09T07:13:31+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-09T03:13:31Z", "ms": 1212981211292.0962 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-06-08T08:19:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-08T04:19:24Z", "ms": 1212898763809.3254 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-09T07:13:31+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-09T03:13:31Z", "ms": 1212981211292.0962 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-06-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-08T13:04:56+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-08T09:04:56Z", "ms": 1212915895554.5042 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-08T13:52:56+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-08T09:52:56Z", "ms": 1212918775554.5042 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-06-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-09T13:05:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-09T09:05:06Z", "ms": 1213002306072.9756 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-09T13:53:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-09T09:53:06Z", "ms": 1213005186072.9756 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:19 on Sun 8 Jun to 07:14 on Mon 9 Jun.", "fact": "2008-06-08T04:19:24Z → 2008-06-09T03:13:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:05–13:53 on the 8th, 13:05–13:53 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 17132 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha), Moscow, 2008: Sunday 8 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha) 2008 falls on Sunday 8 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:19 on Sun 8 Jun to 07:14 on Mon 9 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-06-14", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-06-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19423, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-06-13T10:09:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-13T06:09:09Z", "ms": 1213337349192.8357 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-14T12:11:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-14T08:11:28Z", "ms": 1213431088232.8933 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-06-13T10:09:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-13T06:09:09Z", "ms": 1213337349192.8357 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-14T12:11:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-14T08:11:28Z", "ms": 1213431088232.8933 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-06-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-13T04:45:26+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-13T00:45:26Z", "ms": 1213317925873.3347 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-13T04:45:26+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-13T00:45:26Z", "ms": 1213317925873.3347 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-06-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-14T04:45:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-14T00:45:10Z", "ms": 1213404309856.1511 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-14T04:45:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-14T00:45:10Z", "ms": 1213404309856.1511 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:09 on Fri 13 Jun to 12:11 on Sat 14 Jun.", "fact": "2008-06-13T06:09:09Z → 2008-06-14T08:11:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:45 on the 13th and 04:45 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 13th and is on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19423 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 14 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Nirjalā Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Saturday 14 June. Ekādaśī runs from 10:09 on Fri 13 Jun to 12:11 on Sat 14 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-06-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shri-rama-dvadashi", "festival": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "name": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-06-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2022, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-06-14T12:11:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-14T08:11:28Z", "ms": 1213431088232.8933 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-15T14:27:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-15T10:27:55Z", "ms": 1213525674604.4868 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-06-14T12:11:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-14T08:11:28Z", "ms": 1213431088232.8933 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-15T14:27:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-15T10:27:55Z", "ms": 1213525674604.4868 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-06-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-14T13:06:01+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-14T09:06:01Z", "ms": 1213434361105.1064 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-14T13:54:01+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-14T09:54:01Z", "ms": 1213437241105.1064 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-06-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-15T13:06:12+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-15T09:06:12Z", "ms": 1213520772468.906 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-15T13:54:12+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-15T09:54:12Z", "ms": 1213523652468.906 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 12:11 on Sat 14 Jun to 14:28 on Sun 15 Jun.", "fact": "2008-06-14T08:11:28Z → 2008-06-15T10:27:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:06–13:54 on the 14th, 13:06–13:54 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 2022 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 14 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Sri Rama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Campaka dvadasi (Orissa) (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī 2008 falls on Saturday 14 June. Dvādaśī runs from 12:11 on Sat 14 Jun to 14:28 on Sun 15 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shri-rama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-06-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-06-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19521, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-06-15T14:27:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-15T10:27:55Z", "ms": 1213525674604.4868 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-16T16:50:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-16T12:50:37Z", "ms": 1213620637054.3533 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-06-15T14:27:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-15T10:27:55Z", "ms": 1213525674604.4868 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-16T16:50:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-16T12:50:37Z", "ms": 1213620637054.3533 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-06-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-15T22:15:27+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-15T18:15:27Z", "ms": 1213553727231.8577 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-15T23:07:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-15T19:07:22Z", "ms": 1213556842192.242 } }, "covered_min": 52, "window_min": 52, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-06-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-16T22:15:58+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-16T18:15:58Z", "ms": 1213640158383.6484 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-16T23:07:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-16T19:07:49Z", "ms": 1213643268605.8066 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 52, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:28 on Sun 15 Jun to 16:51 on Mon 16 Jun.", "fact": "2008-06-15T10:27:55Z → 2008-06-16T12:50:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 22:15–23:07 on the 15th, 22:16–23:08 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 52 of 52 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 52 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19521 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 15 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Sunday 15 June. Trayodaśī runs from 14:28 on Sun 15 Jun to 16:51 on Mon 16 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-06-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vata-savitri-vrata", "festival": "vata-savitri-vrata", "name": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-06-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2780, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2008-06-17T19:13:11+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-17T15:13:11Z", "ms": 1213715591013.8093 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-18T21:30:29+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-18T17:30:29Z", "ms": 1213810228996.3687 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-06-17T19:13:11+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-17T15:13:11Z", "ms": 1213715591013.8093 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-18T21:30:29+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-18T17:30:29Z", "ms": 1213810228996.3687 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-06-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-17T22:16:26+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-17T18:16:26Z", "ms": 1213726585765.955 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-17T23:08:12+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-17T19:08:12Z", "ms": 1213729692271.01 } }, "covered_min": 52, "window_min": 52, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-06-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-18T22:16:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-18T18:16:49Z", "ms": 1213813009340.156 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-18T23:08:33+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-18T19:08:33Z", "ms": 1213816113154.0957 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 52, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 19:13 on Tue 17 Jun to 21:30 on Wed 18 Jun.", "fact": "2008-06-17T15:13:11Z → 2008-06-18T17:30:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 22:16–23:08 on the 17th, 22:17–23:09 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 52 of 52 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 52 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 2780 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 17 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vata-savitri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Vata-savitri vrata (Deccan) (pradosavyapini, purvaviddha), Snanayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata 2008 falls on Tuesday 17 June. Pūrṇimā runs from 19:13 on Tue 17 Jun to 21:30 on Wed 18 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vata-savitri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-06-22", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-06-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10376, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-06-22T03:07:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-21T23:07:10Z", "ms": 1214089630310.218 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-23T04:18:44+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-23T00:18:44Z", "ms": 1214180323563.719 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-06-22T03:07:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-21T23:07:10Z", "ms": 1214089630310.218 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-23T04:18:44+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-23T00:18:44Z", "ms": 1214180323563.719 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-06-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-22T00:14:14+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-21T20:14:14Z", "ms": 1214079254163.0435 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-22T00:14:14+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-21T20:14:14Z", "ms": 1214079254163.0435 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-06-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-23T00:25:38+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-22T20:25:38Z", "ms": 1214166338218.3972 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-23T00:25:38+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-22T20:25:38Z", "ms": 1214166338218.3972 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:07 on Sun 22 Jun to 04:19 on Mon 23 Jun.", "fact": "2008-06-21T23:07:10Z → 2008-06-23T00:18:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 00:14 on the 21st and 00:26 on the 22nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10376 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 22 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2008 falls on Sunday 22 June. Caturthī runs from 03:07 on Sun 22 Jun to 04:19 on Mon 23 Jun and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-06-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-06-29", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Yoginī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-06-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19967, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-06-28T23:16:04+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-28T19:16:04Z", "ms": 1214680564471.6418 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-29T20:20:31+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-29T16:20:31Z", "ms": 1214756431323.9526 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-06-28T23:16:04+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-28T19:16:04Z", "ms": 1214680564471.6418 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-29T20:20:31+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-29T16:20:31Z", "ms": 1214756431323.9526 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-06-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-29T04:48:52+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-29T00:48:52Z", "ms": 1214700531557.483 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-29T04:48:52+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-29T00:48:52Z", "ms": 1214700531557.483 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-06-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-30T04:49:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-30T00:49:36Z", "ms": 1214786976081.293 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-30T04:49:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-30T00:49:36Z", "ms": 1214786976081.293 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 23:16 on Sat 28 Jun to 20:21 on Sun 29 Jun.", "fact": "2008-06-28T19:16:04Z → 2008-06-29T16:20:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:49 on the 29th and 04:50 on the 30th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 29th and is not on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19967 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yoginī Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 29 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Yoginī Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Sunday 29 June. Ekādaśī runs from 23:16 on Sat 28 Jun to 20:21 on Sun 29 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-06-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-06-30", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-06-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18879, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-06-30T17:01:48+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-30T13:01:48Z", "ms": 1214830908423.2283 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-01T13:28:43+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-01T09:28:43Z", "ms": 1214904523385.302 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-06-30T17:01:48+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-30T13:01:48Z", "ms": 1214830908423.2283 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-01T13:28:43+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-01T09:28:43Z", "ms": 1214904523385.302 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-06-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-06-30T22:16:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-30T18:16:28Z", "ms": 1214849787888.4924 }, "end": { "local": "2008-06-30T23:08:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-30T19:08:59Z", "ms": 1214852939375.3904 } }, "covered_min": 53, "window_min": 53, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-07-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-01T22:16:01+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-01T18:16:01Z", "ms": 1214936160709.0852 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-01T23:08:43+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-01T19:08:43Z", "ms": 1214939322661.7942 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 53, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:02 on Mon 30 Jun to 13:29 on Tue 1 Jul.", "fact": "2008-06-30T13:01:48Z → 2008-07-01T09:28:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 22:16–23:09 on the 30th, 22:16–23:09 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 53 of 53 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 53 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18879 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Monday 30 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-06-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Monday 30 June. Trayodaśī runs from 17:02 on Mon 30 Jun to 13:29 on Tue 1 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-06-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-07-01", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-07-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28399, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-07-01T13:28:43+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-01T09:28:43Z", "ms": 1214904523385.302 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-02T09:50:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-02T05:50:57Z", "ms": 1214977856963.5156 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-07-01T13:28:43+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-01T09:28:43Z", "ms": 1214904523385.302 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-02T09:50:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-02T05:50:57Z", "ms": 1214977856963.5156 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-06-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-01T01:09:26+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-30T21:09:26Z", "ms": 1214860165964.3599 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-01T01:57:26+04:00", "utc": "2008-06-30T21:57:26Z", "ms": 1214863045964.3599 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-07-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-02T01:09:38+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-01T21:09:38Z", "ms": 1214946578031.7437 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-02T01:57:38+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-01T21:57:38Z", "ms": 1214949458031.7437 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:29 on Tue 1 Jul to 09:51 on Wed 2 Jul.", "fact": "2008-07-01T09:28:43Z → 2008-07-02T05:50:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:09–01:57 on the 30th, 01:10–01:58 on the 1st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28399 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 1 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śivarātri 2008 falls on Tuesday 1 July. Caturdaśī runs from 13:29 on Tue 1 Jul to 09:51 on Wed 2 Jul and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-07-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/rathayatra", "festival": "rathayatra", "name": "Rathayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-07-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36478, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2008-07-04T03:01:44+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-03T23:01:44Z", "ms": 1215126104480.4038 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-05T00:10:02+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-04T20:10:02Z", "ms": 1215202201592.9802 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-07-04T03:01:44+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-03T23:01:44Z", "ms": 1215126104480.4038 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-05T00:10:02+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-04T20:10:02Z", "ms": 1215202201592.9802 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-07-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-04T13:09:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-04T09:09:42Z", "ms": 1215162582036.3206 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-04T13:57:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-04T09:57:42Z", "ms": 1215165462036.3206 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-07-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-05T13:09:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-05T09:09:51Z", "ms": 1215248991336.9844 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-05T13:57:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-05T09:57:51Z", "ms": 1215251871336.9844 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 03:02 on Fri 4 Jul to 00:10 on Sat 5 Jul.", "fact": "2008-07-03T23:01:44Z → 2008-07-04T20:10:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:10–13:58 on the 4th, 13:10–13:58 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36478 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rathayātrā, Moscow, 2008: Friday 4 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rathayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Rathayatra (paraviddha, special when combined with naksatra 'Pusya')" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Puṣya nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Rathayātrā 2008 falls on Friday 4 July. Dvitīyā runs from 03:02 on Fri 4 Jul to 00:10 on Sat 5 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/rathayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-07-06", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-07-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22614, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-07-05T21:52:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-05T17:52:05Z", "ms": 1215280324587.829 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-06T20:14:54+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-06T16:14:54Z", "ms": 1215360893905.3247 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-07-05T21:52:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-05T17:52:05Z", "ms": 1215280324587.829 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-06T20:14:54+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-06T16:14:54Z", "ms": 1215360893905.3247 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-07-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-05T13:09:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-05T09:09:51Z", "ms": 1215248991336.9844 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-05T13:57:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-05T09:57:51Z", "ms": 1215251871336.9844 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-07-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-06T13:10:00+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-06T09:10:00Z", "ms": 1215335400305.019 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-06T13:58:00+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-06T09:58:00Z", "ms": 1215338280305.019 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:52 on Sat 5 Jul to 20:15 on Sun 6 Jul.", "fact": "2008-07-05T17:52:05Z → 2008-07-06T16:14:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:10–13:58 on the 5th, 13:10–13:58 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22614 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 6 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vināyaka Caturthī 2008 falls on Sunday 6 July. Caturthī runs from 21:52 on Sat 5 Jul to 20:15 on Sun 6 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-07-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/skanda-panchami", "festival": "skanda-panchami", "name": "Skanda Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-07-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19501, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2008-07-06T20:14:54+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-06T16:14:54Z", "ms": 1215360893905.3247 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-07T19:23:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-07T15:23:10Z", "ms": 1215444190159.995 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-07-06T20:14:54+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-06T16:14:54Z", "ms": 1215360893905.3247 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-07T19:23:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-07T15:23:10Z", "ms": 1215444190159.995 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-07-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-06T13:10:00+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-06T09:10:00Z", "ms": 1215335400305.019 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-06T13:58:00+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-06T09:58:00Z", "ms": 1215338280305.019 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-07T13:10:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-07T09:10:09Z", "ms": 1215421808919.4316 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-07T13:58:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-07T09:58:09Z", "ms": 1215424688919.4316 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 20:15 on Sun 6 Jul to 19:23 on Mon 7 Jul.", "fact": "2008-07-06T16:14:54Z → 2008-07-07T15:23:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:10–13:58 on the 6th, 13:10–13:58 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19501 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Pañcamī, Moscow, 2008: Monday 7 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Skanda pancami (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Skanda Pañcamī 2008 falls on Monday 7 July. Pañcamī runs from 20:15 on Sun 6 Jul to 19:23 on Mon 7 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/skanda-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vivasvat-saptami", "festival": "vivasvat-saptami", "name": "Vivasvat Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-07-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19215, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2008-07-08T19:18:33+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-08T15:18:33Z", "ms": 1215530312607.5923 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-09T19:59:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-09T15:59:10Z", "ms": 1215619149505.4976 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-07-08T19:18:33+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-08T15:18:33Z", "ms": 1215530312607.5923 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-09T19:59:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-09T15:59:10Z", "ms": 1215619149505.4976 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-08T13:10:17+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-08T09:10:17Z", "ms": 1215508217160.9756 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-08T13:58:17+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-08T09:58:17Z", "ms": 1215511097160.9756 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-09T13:10:25+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-09T09:10:25Z", "ms": 1215594625011.9126 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-09T13:58:25+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-09T09:58:25Z", "ms": 1215597505011.9126 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 19:19 on Tue 8 Jul to 19:59 on Wed 9 Jul.", "fact": "2008-07-08T15:18:33Z → 2008-07-09T15:59:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:10–13:58 on the 8th, 13:10–13:58 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 19215 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vivasvat Saptamī, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 9 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vivasvat-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Vivasvat saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vivasvat Saptamī 2008 falls on Wednesday 9 July. Saptamī runs from 19:19 on Tue 8 Jul to 19:59 on Wed 9 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vivasvat-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-07-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-07-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4747, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-07-13T01:23:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-12T21:23:49Z", "ms": 1215897828641.555 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-14T03:46:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-13T23:46:13Z", "ms": 1215992773085.7908 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-07-13T01:23:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-12T21:23:49Z", "ms": 1215897828641.555 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-14T03:46:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-13T23:46:13Z", "ms": 1215992773085.7908 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-07-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-13T05:03:56+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-13T01:03:56Z", "ms": 1215911035730.8813 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-13T05:03:56+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-13T01:03:56Z", "ms": 1215911035730.8813 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-14T05:05:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-14T01:05:20Z", "ms": 1215997520239.257 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-14T05:05:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-14T01:05:20Z", "ms": 1215997520239.257 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 01:24 on Sun 13 Jul to 03:46 on Mon 14 Jul.", "fact": "2008-07-12T21:23:49Z → 2008-07-13T23:46:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:04 on the 13th and 05:05 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 13th and is not on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4747 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 13 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Hariśayanī Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Sunday 13 July. Ekādaśī runs from 01:24 on Sun 13 Jul to 03:46 on Mon 14 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-07-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-07-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-07-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25647, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-07-15T06:08:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-15T02:08:20Z", "ms": 1216087700476.348 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-16T08:21:46+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-16T04:21:46Z", "ms": 1216182106102.0725 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-07-15T06:08:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-15T02:08:20Z", "ms": 1216087700476.348 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-16T08:21:46+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-16T04:21:46Z", "ms": 1216182106102.0725 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-14T22:04:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-14T18:04:36Z", "ms": 1216058675503.1555 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-14T23:00:53+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-14T19:00:53Z", "ms": 1216062053023.0942 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 56, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-15T22:03:19+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-15T18:03:19Z", "ms": 1216144999239.8994 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-15T22:59:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-15T18:59:59Z", "ms": 1216148398758.4575 } }, "covered_min": 57, "window_min": 57, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 06:08 on Tue 15 Jul to 08:22 on Wed 16 Jul.", "fact": "2008-07-15T02:08:20Z → 2008-07-16T04:21:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 22:05–23:01 on the 14th, 22:03–23:00 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 56 minutes on the 14th and 57 of 57 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25647 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 15 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Tuesday 15 July. Trayodaśī runs from 06:08 on Tue 15 Jul to 08:22 on Wed 16 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-07-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/guru-purnima", "festival": "guru-purnima", "name": "Guru Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-07-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4331, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2008-07-17T10:20:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-17T06:20:10Z", "ms": 1216275609619.5845 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-18T11:59:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-18T07:59:05Z", "ms": 1216367944934.465 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-07-17T10:20:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-17T06:20:10Z", "ms": 1216275609619.5845 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-18T11:59:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-18T07:59:05Z", "ms": 1216367944934.465 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-07-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-17T13:11:12+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-17T09:11:12Z", "ms": 1216285872010.9546 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-17T13:59:12+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-17T09:59:12Z", "ms": 1216288752010.9546 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-18T13:11:16+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-18T09:11:16Z", "ms": 1216372275732.5425 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-18T13:59:16+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-18T09:59:16Z", "ms": 1216375155732.5425 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 10:20 on Thu 17 Jul to 11:59 on Fri 18 Jul.", "fact": "2008-07-17T06:20:10Z → 2008-07-18T07:59:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:11–13:59 on the 17th, 13:11–13:59 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4331 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Guru Pūrṇimā, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 17 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "guru-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-18", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Guru Pūrṇimā 2008 falls on Thursday 17 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 10:20 on Thu 17 Jul to 11:59 on Fri 18 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/guru-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/kokila-vrata", "festival": "kokila-vrata", "name": "Kokilā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-07-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23913, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2008-07-17T10:20:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-17T06:20:10Z", "ms": 1216275609619.5845 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-18T11:59:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-18T07:59:05Z", "ms": 1216367944934.465 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-07-17T10:20:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-17T06:20:10Z", "ms": 1216275609619.5845 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-18T11:59:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-18T07:59:05Z", "ms": 1216367944934.465 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-07-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-17T18:38:27+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-17T14:38:27Z", "ms": 1216305507420.7864 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-17T22:00:38+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-17T18:00:38Z", "ms": 1216317637694.0076 } }, "covered_min": 202, "window_min": 202, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-18T18:37:38+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-18T14:37:38Z", "ms": 1216391857825.792 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-18T21:59:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-18T17:59:13Z", "ms": 1216403952554.625 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 202, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 10:20 on Thu 17 Jul to 11:59 on Fri 18 Jul.", "fact": "2008-07-17T06:20:10Z → 2008-07-18T07:59:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 18:38–22:01 on the 17th, 18:38–21:59 on the 18th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 202 of 202 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 202 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23913 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kokilā Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 17 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kokila-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kokilā Vrata 2008 falls on Thursday 17 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 10:20 on Thu 17 Jul to 11:59 on Fri 18 Jul and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/kokila-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shiva-shayanotsava", "festival": "shiva-shayanotsava", "name": "Śiva Śayanotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-07-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36008, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2008-07-17T10:20:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-17T06:20:10Z", "ms": 1216275609619.5845 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-18T11:59:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-18T07:59:05Z", "ms": 1216367944934.465 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-07-17T10:20:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-17T06:20:10Z", "ms": 1216275609619.5845 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-18T11:59:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-18T07:59:05Z", "ms": 1216367944934.465 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-07-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-17T22:00:38+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-17T18:00:38Z", "ms": 1216317637694.0076 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-17T22:58:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-17T18:58:03Z", "ms": 1216321083189.5347 } }, "covered_min": 57, "window_min": 57, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-18T21:59:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-18T17:59:13Z", "ms": 1216403952554.625 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-18T22:57:02+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-18T18:57:02Z", "ms": 1216407421986.0237 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 58, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 10:20 on Thu 17 Jul to 11:59 on Fri 18 Jul.", "fact": "2008-07-17T06:20:10Z → 2008-07-18T07:59:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 22:01–22:58 on the 17th, 21:59–22:57 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 57 of 57 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 58 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36008 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śiva Śayanotsava, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 17 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shiva-shayanotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śiva Śayanotsava 2008 falls on Thursday 17 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 10:20 on Thu 17 Jul to 11:59 on Fri 18 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shiva-shayanotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vyasa-puja", "festival": "vyasa-puja", "name": "Vyāsa Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-07-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6493, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2008-07-17T10:20:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-17T06:20:10Z", "ms": 1216275609619.5845 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-18T11:59:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-18T07:59:05Z", "ms": 1216367944934.465 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-07-17T10:20:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-17T06:20:10Z", "ms": 1216275609619.5845 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-18T11:59:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-18T07:59:05Z", "ms": 1216367944934.465 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-07-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-17T05:09:46+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-17T01:09:46Z", "ms": 1216256986327.9014 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-17T08:31:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-17T04:31:57Z", "ms": 1216269116601.1226 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 202, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-18T05:11:19+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-18T01:11:19Z", "ms": 1216343478910.46 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-18T08:32:54+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-18T04:32:54Z", "ms": 1216355573639.293 } }, "covered_min": 202, "window_min": 202, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 10:20 on Thu 17 Jul to 11:59 on Fri 18 Jul.", "fact": "2008-07-17T06:20:10Z → 2008-07-18T07:59:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:10–08:32 on the 17th, 05:11–08:33 on the 18th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 202 minutes on the 17th and 202 of 202 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6493 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vyāsa Pūjā, Moscow, 2008: Friday 18 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vyasa-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vyāsa Pūjā 2008 falls on Friday 18 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 10:20 on Thu 17 Jul to 11:59 on Fri 18 Jul and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vyasa-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-07-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30982, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2008-07-19T13:15:32+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-19T09:15:32Z", "ms": 1216458932420.196 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-20T14:07:27+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-20T10:07:27Z", "ms": 1216548447243.8708 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-07-19T13:15:32+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-19T09:15:32Z", "ms": 1216458932420.196 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-20T14:07:27+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-20T10:07:27Z", "ms": 1216548447243.8708 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-19T22:34:27+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-19T18:34:27Z", "ms": 1216492466595.2034 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-19T22:34:27+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-19T18:34:27Z", "ms": 1216492466595.2034 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-20T22:43:50+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-20T18:43:50Z", "ms": 1216579429592.0122 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-20T22:43:50+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-20T18:43:50Z", "ms": 1216579429592.0122 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 13:16 on Sat 19 Jul to 14:07 on Sun 20 Jul.", "fact": "2008-07-19T09:15:32Z → 2008-07-20T10:07:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:34 on the 19th and 22:44 on the 20th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 19th and is not on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30982 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha), Moscow, 2008: Saturday 19 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunya sayana vrata (candrodaya vyapini; purvahna vyapini and purvaviddha in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row reads pūrvāhṇa and pūrvaviddha; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha) 2008 falls on Saturday 19 July. Dvitīyā runs from 13:16 on Sat 19 Jul to 14:07 on Sun 20 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-07-21", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-07-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29895, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-07-21T14:33:14+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-21T10:33:14Z", "ms": 1216636394450.1514 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-22T14:31:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-22T10:31:37Z", "ms": 1216722696705.225 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-07-21T14:33:14+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-21T10:33:14Z", "ms": 1216636394450.1514 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-22T14:31:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-22T10:31:37Z", "ms": 1216722696705.225 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-21T22:51:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-21T18:51:30Z", "ms": 1216666289867.561 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-21T22:51:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-21T18:51:30Z", "ms": 1216666289867.561 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-07-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-22T22:58:32+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-22T18:58:32Z", "ms": 1216753111783.0645 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-22T22:58:32+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-22T18:58:32Z", "ms": 1216753111783.0645 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:33 on Mon 21 Jul to 14:32 on Tue 22 Jul.", "fact": "2008-07-21T10:33:14Z → 2008-07-22T10:31:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:51 on the 21st and 22:59 on the 22nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 21st and is not on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29895 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Monday 21 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2008 falls on Monday 21 July. Caturthī runs from 14:33 on Mon 21 Jul to 14:32 on Tue 22 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-07-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-07-28", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-07-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2632, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-07-28T04:44:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-28T00:44:18Z", "ms": 1217205857958.7039 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-29T01:51:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-28T21:51:09Z", "ms": 1217281869394.8018 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-07-28T04:44:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-28T00:44:18Z", "ms": 1217205857958.7039 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-29T01:51:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-28T21:51:09Z", "ms": 1217281869394.8018 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-07-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-28T05:28:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-28T01:28:10Z", "ms": 1217208490218.8086 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-28T05:28:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-28T01:28:10Z", "ms": 1217208490218.8086 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-07-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-29T05:29:58+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-29T01:29:58Z", "ms": 1217294998179.7961 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-29T05:29:58+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-29T01:29:58Z", "ms": 1217294998179.7961 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:44 on Mon 28 Jul to 01:51 on Tue 29 Jul.", "fact": "2008-07-28T00:44:18Z → 2008-07-28T21:51:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:28 on the 28th and 05:30 on the 29th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 28th and is not on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2632 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Monday 28 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kāmikā Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Monday 28 July. Ekādaśī runs from 04:44 on Mon 28 Jul to 01:51 on Tue 29 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-07-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-07-29", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-07-29", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 376, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-07-29T22:49:50+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-29T18:49:50Z", "ms": 1217357389961.9404 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-30T19:47:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-30T15:47:39Z", "ms": 1217432859207.2913 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-07-29T22:49:50+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-29T18:49:50Z", "ms": 1217357389961.9404 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-30T19:47:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-30T15:47:39Z", "ms": 1217432859207.2913 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-07-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-29T21:40:46+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-29T17:40:46Z", "ms": 1217353245581.5078 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-29T22:43:34+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-29T18:43:34Z", "ms": 1217357013780.8113 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 63, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-07-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-30T21:38:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-30T17:38:51Z", "ms": 1217439531237.1882 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-30T22:42:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-30T18:42:09Z", "ms": 1217443329316.6416 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 63, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:50 on Tue 29 Jul to 19:48 on Wed 30 Jul.", "fact": "2008-07-29T18:49:50Z → 2008-07-30T15:47:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 21:41–22:44 on the 29th, 21:39–22:42 on the 30th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 63 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 63 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither evening qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 376 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 29 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-29", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Tuesday 29 July. Trayodaśī runs from 22:50 on Tue 29 Jul to 19:48 on Wed 30 Jul, and reaches pradoṣa on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-07-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-07-30", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-07-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19475, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-07-30T19:47:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-30T15:47:39Z", "ms": 1217432859207.2913 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-31T16:52:31+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-31T12:52:31Z", "ms": 1217508750815.6155 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-07-30T19:47:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-30T15:47:39Z", "ms": 1217432859207.2913 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-31T16:52:31+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-31T12:52:31Z", "ms": 1217508750815.6155 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-07-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-07-31T01:12:14+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-30T21:12:14Z", "ms": 1217452334035.1387 }, "end": { "local": "2008-07-31T02:00:14+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-30T22:00:14Z", "ms": 1217455214035.1387 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-07-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-01T01:12:11+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-31T21:12:11Z", "ms": 1217538731134.815 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-01T02:00:11+04:00", "utc": "2008-07-31T22:00:11Z", "ms": 1217541611134.815 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:48 on Wed 30 Jul to 16:53 on Thu 31 Jul.", "fact": "2008-07-30T15:47:39Z → 2008-07-31T12:52:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:12–02:00 on the 30th, 01:12–02:00 on the 31st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19475 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 30 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-07-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śivarātri 2008 falls on Wednesday 30 July. Caturdaśī runs from 19:48 on Wed 30 Jul to 16:53 on Thu 31 Jul and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-07-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/madhusrava-tritiya", "festival": "madhusrava-tritiya", "name": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Hariyali Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10873, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2008-08-03T10:09:50+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-03T06:09:50Z", "ms": 1217743789995.5725 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-04T09:00:52+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-04T05:00:52Z", "ms": 1217826051629.1045 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-03T10:09:50+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-03T06:09:50Z", "ms": 1217743789995.5725 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-04T09:00:52+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-04T05:00:52Z", "ms": 1217826051629.1045 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-03T13:11:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-03T09:11:03Z", "ms": 1217754662500.71 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-03T13:59:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-03T09:59:03Z", "ms": 1217757542500.71 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-04T13:10:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-04T09:10:57Z", "ms": 1217841056872.1125 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-04T13:58:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-04T09:58:57Z", "ms": 1217843936872.1125 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 10:10 on Sun 3 Aug to 09:01 on Mon 4 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-03T06:09:50Z → 2008-08-04T05:00:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:11–13:59 on the 3rd, 13:11–13:59 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 10873 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 3 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "madhusrava-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Madhusrava (Gujerat) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Madhusravā Tṛtīyā (Hariyali Teej) 2008 falls on Sunday 3 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 10:10 on Sun 3 Aug to 09:01 on Mon 4 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/madhusrava-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-08-04", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15005, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-08-04T09:00:52+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-04T05:00:52Z", "ms": 1217826051629.1045 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-05T08:33:25+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-05T04:33:25Z", "ms": 1217910804930.6028 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-04T09:00:52+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-04T05:00:52Z", "ms": 1217826051629.1045 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-05T08:33:25+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-05T04:33:25Z", "ms": 1217910804930.6028 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-04T13:10:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-04T09:10:57Z", "ms": 1217841056872.1125 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-04T13:58:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-04T09:58:57Z", "ms": 1217843936872.1125 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-05T13:10:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-05T09:10:51Z", "ms": 1217927450652.9714 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-05T13:58:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-05T09:58:51Z", "ms": 1217930330652.9714 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:01 on Mon 4 Aug to 08:33 on Tue 5 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-04T05:00:52Z → 2008-08-05T04:33:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:11–13:59 on the 4th, 13:11–13:59 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15005 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Monday 4 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vināyaka Caturthī 2008 falls on Monday 4 August. Caturthī runs from 09:01 on Mon 4 Aug to 08:33 on Tue 5 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-08-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/naga-panchami", "festival": "naga-panchami", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15682, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2008-08-05T08:33:25+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-05T04:33:25Z", "ms": 1217910804930.6028 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-06T08:49:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-06T04:49:22Z", "ms": 1217998161678.8665 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-05T08:33:25+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-05T04:33:25Z", "ms": 1217910804930.6028 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-06T08:49:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-06T04:49:22Z", "ms": 1217998161678.8665 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-05T13:10:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-05T09:10:51Z", "ms": 1217927450652.9714 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-05T13:58:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-05T09:58:51Z", "ms": 1217930330652.9714 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-06T13:10:44+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-06T09:10:44Z", "ms": 1218013843843.823 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-06T13:58:44+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-06T09:58:44Z", "ms": 1218016723843.823 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 08:33 on Tue 5 Aug to 08:49 on Wed 6 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-05T04:33:25Z → 2008-08-06T04:49:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:11–13:59 on the 5th, 13:11–13:59 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15682 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 5 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Nāga Pañcamī 2008 falls on Tuesday 5 August. Pañcamī runs from 08:33 on Tue 5 Aug to 08:49 on Wed 6 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/naga-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-08-12", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34660, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-08-11T18:06:04+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-11T14:06:04Z", "ms": 1218463564347.8828 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-12T20:20:33+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-12T16:20:33Z", "ms": 1218558033412.8245 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-11T18:06:04+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-11T14:06:04Z", "ms": 1218463564347.8828 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-12T20:20:33+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-12T16:20:33Z", "ms": 1218558033412.8245 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-12T05:56:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-12T01:56:18Z", "ms": 1218506177869.9407 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-12T05:56:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-12T01:56:18Z", "ms": 1218506177869.9407 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-13T05:58:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-13T01:58:13Z", "ms": 1218592693424.4763 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-13T05:58:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-13T01:58:13Z", "ms": 1218592693424.4763 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:06 on Mon 11 Aug to 20:21 on Tue 12 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-11T14:06:04Z → 2008-08-12T16:20:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:56 on the 12th and 05:58 on the 13th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 12th and is not on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34660 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 12 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Putradā Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Tuesday 12 August. Ekādaśī runs from 18:06 on Mon 11 Aug to 20:21 on Tue 12 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-08-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/damodara-dvadashi", "festival": "damodara-dvadashi", "name": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22963, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-08-12T20:20:33+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-12T16:20:33Z", "ms": 1218558033412.8245 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-13T22:16:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-13T18:16:36Z", "ms": 1218651396302.5715 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-12T20:20:33+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-12T16:20:33Z", "ms": 1218558033412.8245 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-13T22:16:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-13T18:16:36Z", "ms": 1218651396302.5715 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-12T13:09:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-12T09:09:51Z", "ms": 1218532190801.7188 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-12T13:57:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-12T09:57:51Z", "ms": 1218535070801.7188 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-13T13:09:40+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-13T09:09:40Z", "ms": 1218618579988.471 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-13T13:57:40+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-13T09:57:40Z", "ms": 1218621459988.471 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 20:21 on Tue 12 Aug to 22:17 on Wed 13 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-12T16:20:33Z → 2008-08-13T18:16:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:10–13:58 on the 12th, 13:10–13:58 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 22963 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 13 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "damodara-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Buddha dvadasi, Damodara dvadasi (purvaviddha), Visnu-pavitraropana." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Dāmodara Dvādaśī 2008 falls on Wednesday 13 August. Dvādaśī runs from 20:21 on Tue 12 Aug to 22:17 on Wed 13 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/damodara-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-08-14", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-14", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin", "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 199, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-08-13T22:16:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-13T18:16:36Z", "ms": 1218651396302.5715 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-14T23:46:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-14T19:46:57Z", "ms": 1218743217144.3616 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-13T22:16:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-13T18:16:36Z", "ms": 1218651396302.5715 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-14T23:46:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-14T19:46:57Z", "ms": 1218743217144.3616 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-13T21:09:07+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-13T17:09:07Z", "ms": 1218647346552.4656 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-13T22:19:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-13T18:19:55Z", "ms": 1218651594896.397 } }, "covered_min": 3, "window_min": 71, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-14T21:06:48+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-14T17:06:48Z", "ms": 1218733608136.9502 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-14T22:18:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-14T18:18:10Z", "ms": 1218737890380.9644 } }, "covered_min": 71, "window_min": 71, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:17 on Wed 13 Aug to 23:47 on Thu 14 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-13T18:16:36Z → 2008-08-14T19:46:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 21:09–22:20 on the 13th, 21:07–22:18 on the 14th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 3 of 71 minutes on the 13th and 71 of 71 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 199 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 14 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin, tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-14", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-14", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Thursday 14 August. Trayodaśī runs from 22:17 on Wed 13 Aug to 23:47 on Thu 14 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 3 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested. It is 3 min 19 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-08-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/raksha-bandhana", "festival": "raksha-bandhana", "name": "Rakṣā Bandhana", "everyday": "Rakhi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17369, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2008-08-16T00:47:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-15T20:47:24Z", "ms": 1218833243678.6873 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-17T01:16:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-16T21:16:28Z", "ms": 1218921387695.392 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "second-half", "start": { "local": "2008-08-16T13:05:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-16T09:05:51Z", "ms": 1218877551049.6663 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-17T01:16:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-16T21:16:28Z", "ms": 1218921387695.392 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-16T06:04:01+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-16T02:04:01Z", "ms": 1218852240907.7625 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-17T06:05:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-17T02:05:57Z", "ms": 1218938756935.2568 } }, "covered_min": 731, "window_min": 1442, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-17T06:05:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-17T02:05:57Z", "ms": 1218938756935.2568 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-18T06:07:53+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-18T02:07:53Z", "ms": 1219025273033.761 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1442, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 00:47 on Sat 16 Aug to 01:16 on Sun 17 Aug. Its second half begins at 13:06 on Sat 16 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-15T20:47:24Z → 2008-08-16T21:16:28Z · second half from 2008-08-16T09:05:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:04 on the 16th, and from 06:06 on the 17th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The second half of Pūrṇimā must be present during the day. It covers 731 of 1442 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 1442 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17369 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rakṣā Bandhana, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 16 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "raksha-bandhana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "day", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated", "half": "second" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Rakṣā Bandhana (Rakhi) 2008 falls on Saturday 16 August. The second half of Pūrṇimā runs from 13:06 on Sat 16 Aug to 01:16 on Sun 17 Aug and lies within that day, sunrise to sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/raksha-bandhana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/rishi-tarpana", "festival": "rishi-tarpana", "name": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39007, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2008-08-16T00:47:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-15T20:47:24Z", "ms": 1218833243678.6873 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-17T01:16:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-16T21:16:28Z", "ms": 1218921387695.392 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-16T00:47:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-15T20:47:24Z", "ms": 1218833243678.6873 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-17T01:16:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-16T21:16:28Z", "ms": 1218921387695.392 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-15T13:09:17+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-15T09:09:17Z", "ms": 1218791356750.4883 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-15T13:57:17+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-15T09:57:17Z", "ms": 1218794236750.4883 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-16T13:09:04+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-16T09:09:04Z", "ms": 1218877744348.391 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-16T13:57:04+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-16T09:57:04Z", "ms": 1218880624348.391 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 00:47 on Sat 16 Aug to 01:16 on Sun 17 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-15T20:47:24Z → 2008-08-16T21:16:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:09–13:57 on the 15th, 13:09–13:57 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 39007 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 16 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa 2008 falls on Saturday 16 August. Pūrṇimā runs from 00:47 on Sat 16 Aug to 01:16 on Sun 17 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/rishi-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12947, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2008-08-18T01:14:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-17T21:14:49Z", "ms": 1219007688614.0815 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-19T00:44:33+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-18T20:44:33Z", "ms": 1219092273054.599 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-18T01:14:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-17T21:14:49Z", "ms": 1219007688614.0815 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-19T00:44:33+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-18T20:44:33Z", "ms": 1219092273054.599 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-17T21:01:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-17T17:01:28Z", "ms": 1218992487809.894 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-17T21:01:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-17T17:01:28Z", "ms": 1218992487809.894 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-18T21:08:46+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-18T17:08:46Z", "ms": 1219079325617.8723 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-18T21:08:46+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-18T17:08:46Z", "ms": 1219079325617.8723 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 01:15 on Mon 18 Aug to 00:45 on Tue 19 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-17T21:14:49Z → 2008-08-18T20:44:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:01 on the 17th and 21:09 on the 18th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 17th and is on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12947 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Monday 18 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunyasayana vrata (Dvitiya current at moonrise; if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata 2008 falls on Monday 18 August. Dvitīyā runs from 01:15 on Mon 18 Aug to 00:45 on Tue 19 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/kajjali-tritiya", "festival": "kajjali-tritiya", "name": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Kajari Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35535, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 17, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2008-08-19T00:44:33+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-18T20:44:33Z", "ms": 1219092273054.599 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-19T23:48:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-19T19:48:39Z", "ms": 1219175318669.2334 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-19T00:44:33+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-18T20:44:33Z", "ms": 1219092273054.599 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-19T23:48:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-19T19:48:39Z", "ms": 1219175318669.2334 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-18T13:08:38+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-18T09:08:38Z", "ms": 1219050518041.7134 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-18T13:56:38+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-18T09:56:38Z", "ms": 1219053398041.7134 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-19T13:08:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-19T09:08:24Z", "ms": 1219136904165.2288 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-19T13:56:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-19T09:56:24Z", "ms": 1219139784165.2288 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 00:45 on Tue 19 Aug to 23:49 on Tue 19 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-18T20:44:33Z → 2008-08-19T19:48:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:09–13:57 on the 18th, 13:08–13:56 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 48 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35535 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 19 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kajjali-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 3 Kajjali trtiya, (paraviddha), Angaveta trtiya (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kajjalī Tṛtīyā (Kajari Teej) 2008 falls on Tuesday 19 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 00:45 on Tue 19 Aug to 23:49 on Tue 19 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/kajjali-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/bahula-chaturthi", "festival": "bahula-chaturthi", "name": "Bahulā Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5872, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-08-19T23:48:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-19T19:48:39Z", "ms": 1219175318669.2334 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-20T22:30:26+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-20T18:30:26Z", "ms": 1219257026181.2625 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-19T23:48:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-19T19:48:39Z", "ms": 1219175318669.2334 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-20T22:30:26+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-20T18:30:26Z", "ms": 1219257026181.2625 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-19T17:57:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-19T13:57:57Z", "ms": 1219154277150.2668 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-19T20:54:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-19T16:54:59Z", "ms": 1219164899140.2922 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 177, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-20T17:56:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-20T13:56:24Z", "ms": 1219240584486.3674 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-20T20:52:34+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-20T16:52:34Z", "ms": 1219251154259.5913 } }, "covered_min": 176, "window_min": 176, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 23:49 on Tue 19 Aug to 22:30 on Wed 20 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-19T19:48:39Z → 2008-08-20T18:30:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 17:58–20:55 on the 19th, 17:56–20:53 on the 20th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 177 minutes on the 19th and 176 of 176 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 5872 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bahulā Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 20 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bahula-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Bahula caturthi (Madhyadesa) (Sayahnavyapini: if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the 1st day)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Bahulā Caturthī 2008 falls on Wednesday 20 August. Caturthī runs from 23:49 on Tue 19 Aug to 22:30 on Wed 20 Aug and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/bahula-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-08-20", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3973, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-08-19T23:48:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-19T19:48:39Z", "ms": 1219175318669.2334 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-20T22:30:26+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-20T18:30:26Z", "ms": 1219257026181.2625 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-19T23:48:39+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-19T19:48:39Z", "ms": 1219175318669.2334 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-20T22:30:26+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-20T18:30:26Z", "ms": 1219257026181.2625 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-19T21:16:01+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-19T17:16:01Z", "ms": 1219166161466.212 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-19T21:16:01+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-19T17:16:01Z", "ms": 1219166161466.212 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-20T21:24:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-20T17:24:13Z", "ms": 1219253053014.8853 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-20T21:24:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-20T17:24:13Z", "ms": 1219253053014.8853 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 23:49 on Tue 19 Aug to 22:30 on Wed 20 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-19T19:48:39Z → 2008-08-20T18:30:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:16 on the 19th and 21:24 on the 20th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3973 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 20 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2008 falls on Wednesday 20 August. Caturthī runs from 23:49 on Tue 19 Aug to 22:30 on Wed 20 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-08-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/hala-shashthi", "festival": "hala-shashthi", "name": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18302, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2008-08-21T20:53:21+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-21T16:53:21Z", "ms": 1219337600713.3672 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-22T19:00:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-22T15:00:42Z", "ms": 1219417241967.6602 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-21T20:53:21+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-21T16:53:21Z", "ms": 1219337600713.3672 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-22T19:00:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-22T15:00:42Z", "ms": 1219417241967.6602 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-21T13:07:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-21T09:07:55Z", "ms": 1219309675041.079 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-21T13:55:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-21T09:55:55Z", "ms": 1219312555041.079 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-22T13:07:40+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-22T09:07:40Z", "ms": 1219396059824.434 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-22T13:55:40+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-22T09:55:40Z", "ms": 1219398939824.434 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:53 on Thu 21 Aug to 19:01 on Fri 22 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-21T16:53:21Z → 2008-08-22T15:00:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:08–13:56 on the 21st, 13:08–13:56 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18302 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 22 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "hala-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Hala sasthi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Hala Ṣaṣṭhī 2008 falls on Friday 22 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:53 on Thu 21 Aug to 19:01 on Fri 22 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/hala-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/janmashtami", "festival": "janmashtami", "name": "Janmāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29560, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2008-08-23T16:55:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-23T12:55:42Z", "ms": 1219496142067.9844 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-24T14:41:29+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-24T10:41:29Z", "ms": 1219574489426.277 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-23T16:55:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-23T12:55:42Z", "ms": 1219496142067.9844 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-24T14:41:29+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-24T10:41:29Z", "ms": 1219574489426.277 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-24T01:08:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-23T21:08:22Z", "ms": 1219525702341.5054 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-24T01:56:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-23T21:56:22Z", "ms": 1219528582341.5054 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-25T01:08:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-24T21:08:06Z", "ms": 1219612086308.357 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-25T01:56:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-24T21:56:06Z", "ms": 1219614966308.357 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 16:56 on Sat 23 Aug to 14:41 on Sun 24 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-23T12:55:42Z → 2008-08-24T10:41:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:08–01:56 on the 23rd, 01:08–01:56 on the 24th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29560 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Janmāṣṭamī, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 23 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "janmashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Janmastami (madhyaratra-vyapini), if midnight is covered on two days, or not on any day, it is to be observed on the 2nd day; special when combined with naksatra 'Rohini' at midnight, more so when on Monday or Wednesday. If the combination occurs before midnight and 'Rohini' extends up to midnight, it is to be observed on that day. Gokulastami." } ], "not_evaluated": "The clauses on Rohiṇī nakṣatra, the Vaiṣṇava observance on the day after saptamī, and the Assam and South India reckoning in the solar month belong to other readings and are not applied.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Janmāṣṭamī 2008 falls on Saturday 23 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 16:56 on Sat 23 Aug to 14:41 on Sun 24 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/janmashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shitala-saptami", "festival": "shitala-saptami", "name": "Śītalā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10818, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 21, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2008-08-22T19:00:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-22T15:00:42Z", "ms": 1219417241967.6602 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-23T16:55:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-23T12:55:42Z", "ms": 1219496142067.9844 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-22T19:00:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-22T15:00:42Z", "ms": 1219417241967.6602 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-23T16:55:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-23T12:55:42Z", "ms": 1219496142067.9844 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-22T13:07:40+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-22T09:07:40Z", "ms": 1219396059824.434 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-22T13:55:40+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-22T09:55:40Z", "ms": 1219398939824.434 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-23T13:07:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-23T09:07:24Z", "ms": 1219482444191.9692 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-23T13:55:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-23T09:55:24Z", "ms": 1219485324191.9692 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 19:01 on Fri 22 Aug to 16:56 on Sat 23 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-22T15:00:42Z → 2008-08-23T12:55:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:08–13:56 on the 22nd, 13:07–13:55 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 10818 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalā Saptamī, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 23 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitala-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 7 Sitala saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śītalā Saptamī 2008 falls on Saturday 23 August. Saptamī runs from 19:01 on Fri 22 Aug to 16:56 on Sat 23 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shitala-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-08-27", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ajā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4301, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-08-26T09:58:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-26T05:58:30Z", "ms": 1219730310272.9263 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-27T07:37:00+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-27T03:37:00Z", "ms": 1219808220090.888 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-26T09:58:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-26T05:58:30Z", "ms": 1219730310272.9263 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-27T07:37:00+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-27T03:37:00Z", "ms": 1219808220090.888 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-26T06:23:23+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-26T02:23:23Z", "ms": 1219717403079.8455 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-26T06:23:23+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-26T02:23:23Z", "ms": 1219717403079.8455 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-27T06:25:19+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-27T02:25:19Z", "ms": 1219803919348.0422 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-27T06:25:19+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-27T02:25:19Z", "ms": 1219803919348.0422 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 09:59 on Tue 26 Aug to 07:37 on Wed 27 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-26T05:58:30Z → 2008-08-27T03:37:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:23 on the 26th and 06:25 on the 27th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 26th and is on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4301 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ajā Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 27 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Ajā Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Wednesday 27 August. Ekādaśī runs from 09:59 on Tue 26 Aug to 07:37 on Wed 27 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-08-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-08-28", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19404, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-08-28T05:21:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-28T01:21:06Z", "ms": 1219886466008.102 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-29T03:15:41+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-28T23:15:41Z", "ms": 1219965340634.526 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-28T05:21:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-28T01:21:06Z", "ms": 1219886466008.102 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-29T03:15:41+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-28T23:15:41Z", "ms": 1219965340634.526 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-27T20:35:16+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-27T16:35:16Z", "ms": 1219854916234.5095 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-27T21:54:12+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-27T17:54:12Z", "ms": 1219859652147.7842 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 79, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-28T20:32:45+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-28T16:32:45Z", "ms": 1219941164993.0322 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-28T21:52:17+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-28T17:52:17Z", "ms": 1219945936564.2954 } }, "covered_min": 80, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:21 on Thu 28 Aug to 03:16 on Fri 29 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-28T01:21:06Z → 2008-08-28T23:15:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:35–21:54 on the 27th, 20:33–21:52 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 79 minutes on the 27th and 80 of 80 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19404 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 28 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Thursday 28 August. Trayodaśī runs from 05:21 on Thu 28 Aug to 03:16 on Fri 29 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-08-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/aghora-chaturdashi", "festival": "aghora-chaturdashi", "name": "Aghora Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12946, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-08-29T03:15:41+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-28T23:15:41Z", "ms": 1219965340634.526 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-30T01:26:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-29T21:26:06Z", "ms": 1220045165997.4856 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-29T03:15:41+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-28T23:15:41Z", "ms": 1219965340634.526 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-30T01:26:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-29T21:26:06Z", "ms": 1220045165997.4856 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-28T20:32:45+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-28T16:32:45Z", "ms": 1219941164993.0322 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-28T21:52:17+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-28T17:52:17Z", "ms": 1219945936564.2954 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-29T20:30:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-29T16:30:13Z", "ms": 1220027413119.5686 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-29T21:50:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-29T17:50:20Z", "ms": 1220032220426.1628 } }, "covered_min": 80, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 03:16 on Fri 29 Aug to 01:26 on Sat 30 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-28T23:15:41Z → 2008-08-29T21:26:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:33–21:52 on the 28th, 20:30–21:50 on the 29th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 80 minutes on the 28th and 80 of 80 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12946 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aghora Caturdaśī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 29 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aghora-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Aghora caturdasi (pradosa vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Aghora Caturdaśī 2008 falls on Friday 29 August. Caturdaśī runs from 03:16 on Fri 29 Aug to 01:26 on Sat 30 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/aghora-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-08-29", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1165, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-08-29T03:15:41+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-28T23:15:41Z", "ms": 1219965340634.526 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-30T01:26:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-29T21:26:06Z", "ms": 1220045165997.4856 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-29T03:15:41+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-28T23:15:41Z", "ms": 1219965340634.526 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-30T01:26:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-29T21:26:06Z", "ms": 1220045165997.4856 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-29T01:06:58+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-28T21:06:58Z", "ms": 1219957618385.2688 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-29T01:54:58+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-28T21:54:58Z", "ms": 1219960498385.2688 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-30T01:06:41+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-29T21:06:41Z", "ms": 1220044000519.2969 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-30T01:54:41+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-29T21:54:41Z", "ms": 1220046880519.2969 } }, "covered_min": 19, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 03:16 on Fri 29 Aug to 01:26 on Sat 30 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-28T23:15:41Z → 2008-08-29T21:26:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:07–01:55 on the 28th, 01:07–01:55 on the 29th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 19 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1165 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Moscow, 2008: Friday 29 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śivarātri 2008 falls on Friday 29 August. Caturdaśī runs from 03:16 on Fri 29 Aug to 01:26 on Sat 30 Aug and covers 19 of 48 minutes of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-08-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/rudra-vrata", "festival": "rudra-vrata", "name": "Rudra Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-08-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32644, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2008-08-30T23:58:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-30T19:58:03Z", "ms": 1220126282727.4768 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-31T22:57:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-31T18:57:10Z", "ms": 1220209029906.5571 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-08-30T23:58:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-30T19:58:03Z", "ms": 1220126282727.4768 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-31T22:57:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-31T18:57:10Z", "ms": 1220209029906.5571 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-30T13:05:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-30T09:05:24Z", "ms": 1220087124282.6357 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-30T13:53:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-30T09:53:24Z", "ms": 1220090004282.6357 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-08-31T13:05:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-31T09:05:06Z", "ms": 1220173505802.543 }, "end": { "local": "2008-08-31T13:53:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-08-31T09:53:06Z", "ms": 1220176385802.543 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 23:58 on Sat 30 Aug to 22:57 on Sun 31 Aug.", "fact": "2008-08-30T19:58:03Z → 2008-08-31T18:57:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:05–13:53 on the 30th, 13:05–13:53 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 32644 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rudra Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 31 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rudra-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Rudra vrata (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Rudra Vrata 2008 falls on Sunday 31 August. Pratipadā runs from 23:58 on Sat 30 Aug to 22:57 on Sun 31 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/rudra-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/haritalika-vrata", "festival": "haritalika-vrata", "name": "Haritālikā Vrata", "everyday": "Hartalika Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30947, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "2008-09-01T22:28:34+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-01T18:28:34Z", "ms": 1220293713834.817 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-02T22:36:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-02T18:36:05Z", "ms": 1220380564970.743 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-01T22:28:34+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-01T18:28:34Z", "ms": 1220293713834.817 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-02T22:36:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-02T18:36:05Z", "ms": 1220380564970.743 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-01T13:04:47+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-01T09:04:47Z", "ms": 1220259887020.748 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-01T13:52:47+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-01T09:52:47Z", "ms": 1220262767020.748 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-02T13:04:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-02T09:04:28Z", "ms": 1220346267950.4414 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-02T13:52:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-02T09:52:28Z", "ms": 1220349147950.4414 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 22:29 on Mon 1 Sep to 22:36 on Tue 2 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-01T18:28:34Z → 2008-09-02T18:36:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:05–13:53 on the 1st, 13:04–13:52 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30947 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Haritālikā Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 2 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "haritalika-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Haritalika vrata (paraviddha), Gauri vrata (Orissa), Gauri (Mysore)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Haritālikā Vrata (Hartalika Teej) 2008 falls on Tuesday 2 September. Tṛtīyā runs from 22:29 on Mon 1 Sep to 22:36 on Tue 2 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/haritalika-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ganesha-chaturthi", "festival": "ganesha-chaturthi", "name": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31417, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-09-02T22:36:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-02T18:36:05Z", "ms": 1220380564970.743 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-03T23:21:25+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-03T19:21:25Z", "ms": 1220469685182.4453 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-02T22:36:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-02T18:36:05Z", "ms": 1220380564970.743 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-03T23:21:25+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-03T19:21:25Z", "ms": 1220469685182.4453 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-02T13:04:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-02T09:04:28Z", "ms": 1220346267950.4414 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-02T13:52:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-02T09:52:28Z", "ms": 1220349147950.4414 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-03T13:04:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-03T09:04:09Z", "ms": 1220432648605.2834 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-03T13:52:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-03T09:52:09Z", "ms": 1220435528605.2834 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:36 on Tue 2 Sep to 23:21 on Wed 3 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-02T18:36:05Z → 2008-09-03T19:21:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:04–13:52 on the 2nd, 13:04–13:52 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 31417 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 3 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Varada caturthi (purvaviddha, madhyahnavyapini), Samvatsari parva (Jain-caturthi paksa), Saubhagya caturthi (Bengal), Ganesa caturthi (madhyahna vyapini and purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Gaṇeśa Caturthī 2008 falls on Wednesday 3 September. Caturthī runs from 22:36 on Tue 2 Sep to 23:21 on Wed 3 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ganesha-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/rishi-panchami", "festival": "rishi-panchami", "name": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34157, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2008-09-03T23:21:25+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-03T19:21:25Z", "ms": 1220469685182.4453 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-05T00:43:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-04T20:43:13Z", "ms": 1220560992884.2722 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-03T23:21:25+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-03T19:21:25Z", "ms": 1220469685182.4453 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-05T00:43:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-04T20:43:13Z", "ms": 1220560992884.2722 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-03T13:04:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-03T09:04:09Z", "ms": 1220432648605.2834 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-03T13:52:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-03T09:52:09Z", "ms": 1220435528605.2834 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-04T13:03:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-04T09:03:49Z", "ms": 1220519029000.1128 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-04T13:51:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-04T09:51:49Z", "ms": 1220521909000.1128 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 23:21 on Wed 3 Sep to 00:43 on Fri 5 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-03T19:21:25Z → 2008-09-04T20:43:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:04–13:52 on the 3rd, 13:04–13:52 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 34157 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 4 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 2008 falls on Thursday 4 September. Pañcamī runs from 23:21 on Wed 3 Sep to 00:43 on Fri 5 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/rishi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "festival": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37608, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2008-09-05T00:43:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-04T20:43:13Z", "ms": 1220560992884.2722 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-06T02:36:21+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-05T22:36:21Z", "ms": 1220654180834.9556 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-05T00:43:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-04T20:43:13Z", "ms": 1220560992884.2722 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-06T02:36:21+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-05T22:36:21Z", "ms": 1220654180834.9556 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-05T13:03:29+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-05T09:03:29Z", "ms": 1220605409150.6082 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-05T13:51:29+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-05T09:51:29Z", "ms": 1220608289150.6082 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-06T13:03:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-06T09:03:09Z", "ms": 1220691789073.229 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-06T13:51:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-06T09:51:09Z", "ms": 1220694669073.229 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 00:43 on Fri 5 Sep to 02:36 on Sat 6 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-04T20:43:13Z → 2008-09-05T22:36:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:03–13:51 on the 5th, 13:03–13:51 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 37608 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada), Moscow, 2008: Friday 5 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Surya sasthi (paraviddha), Lolarka sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada) 2008 falls on Friday 5 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 00:43 on Fri 5 Sep to 02:36 on Sat 6 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/muktabharana-vrata", "festival": "muktabharana-vrata", "name": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29462, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2008-09-06T02:36:21+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-05T22:36:21Z", "ms": 1220654180834.9556 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-07T04:51:47+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-07T00:51:47Z", "ms": 1220748706644.702 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-06T02:36:21+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-05T22:36:21Z", "ms": 1220654180834.9556 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-07T04:51:47+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-07T00:51:47Z", "ms": 1220748706644.702 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-06T13:03:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-06T09:03:09Z", "ms": 1220691789073.229 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-06T13:51:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-06T09:51:09Z", "ms": 1220694669073.229 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-07T13:02:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-07T09:02:49Z", "ms": 1220778168785.156 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-07T13:50:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-07T09:50:49Z", "ms": 1220781048785.156 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 02:36 on Sat 6 Sep to 04:52 on Sun 7 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-05T22:36:21Z → 2008-09-07T00:51:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:03–13:51 on the 6th, 13:03–13:51 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 29462 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 6 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "muktabharana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Muktabharana vrata (purvaviddha), Lalita saptami (Bengal & Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Muktābharaṇa Vrata 2008 falls on Saturday 6 September. Saptamī runs from 02:36 on Sat 6 Sep to 04:52 on Sun 7 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/muktabharana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/radhashtami", "festival": "radhashtami", "name": "Rādhāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20715, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2008-09-07T04:51:47+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-07T00:51:47Z", "ms": 1220748706644.702 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-08T07:17:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-08T03:17:13Z", "ms": 1220843833146.6785 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-07T04:51:47+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-07T00:51:47Z", "ms": 1220748706644.702 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-08T07:17:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-08T03:17:13Z", "ms": 1220843833146.6785 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-07T13:02:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-07T09:02:49Z", "ms": 1220778168785.156 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-07T13:50:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-07T09:50:49Z", "ms": 1220781048785.156 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-08T13:02:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-08T09:02:28Z", "ms": 1220864548304.2363 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-08T13:50:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-08T09:50:28Z", "ms": 1220867428304.2363 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 04:52 on Sun 7 Sep to 07:17 on Mon 8 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-07T00:51:47Z → 2008-09-08T03:17:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:03–13:51 on the 7th, 13:02–13:50 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20715 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rādhāṣṭamī, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 7 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "radhashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Durvastami (purvaviddha — S 8 of saura Bhadra except Bengal), Mahalaksmi vratarambha, Radhastami (madhyahna vyapini)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Rādhāṣṭamī 2008 falls on Sunday 7 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 04:52 on Sun 7 Sep to 07:17 on Mon 8 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/radhashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-09-11", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17409, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-09-10T11:42:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-10T07:42:30Z", "ms": 1221032550204.06 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-11T13:17:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-11T09:17:22Z", "ms": 1221124642436.9612 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-10T11:42:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-10T07:42:30Z", "ms": 1221032550204.06 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-11T13:17:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-11T09:17:22Z", "ms": 1221124642436.9612 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-10T06:52:21+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-10T02:52:21Z", "ms": 1221015141075.6404 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-10T06:52:21+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-10T02:52:21Z", "ms": 1221015141075.6404 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-11T06:54:16+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-11T02:54:16Z", "ms": 1221101656486.7297 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-11T06:54:16+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-11T02:54:16Z", "ms": 1221101656486.7297 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:43 on Wed 10 Sep to 13:17 on Thu 11 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-10T07:42:30Z → 2008-09-11T09:17:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:52 on the 10th and 06:54 on the 11th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 10th and is on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17409 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 11 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Parivartanī Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Thursday 11 September. Ekādaśī runs from 11:43 on Wed 10 Sep to 13:17 on Thu 11 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-09-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vamana-jayanti", "festival": "vamana-jayanti", "name": "Vāmana Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-12", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 957, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-09-11T13:17:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-11T09:17:22Z", "ms": 1221124642436.9612 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-12T14:15:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-12T10:15:37Z", "ms": 1221214537213.1096 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-11T13:17:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-11T09:17:22Z", "ms": 1221124642436.9612 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-12T14:15:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-12T10:15:37Z", "ms": 1221214537213.1096 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-11T13:01:26+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-11T09:01:26Z", "ms": 1221123685892.325 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-11T13:49:26+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-11T09:49:26Z", "ms": 1221126565892.325 } }, "covered_min": 32, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-12T13:01:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-12T09:01:05Z", "ms": 1221210064831.155 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-12T13:49:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-12T09:49:05Z", "ms": 1221212944831.155 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 13:17 on Thu 11 Sep to 14:16 on Fri 12 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-11T09:17:22Z → 2008-09-12T10:15:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:01–13:49 on the 11th, 13:01–13:49 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 32 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 957 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vāmana Jayantī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 12 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vamana-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Visnuparivartanotsava, Sakrotthana (in any of the naksatras U. Asadha, Sravana & Dhanistha), Kalki dvadasi, Sravana dvadasi (when combined with naksatra Sravana), Vamana jayanti (madhyahna vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-12", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-12", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vāmana Jayantī 2008 falls on Friday 12 September. Dvādaśī runs from 13:17 on Thu 11 Sep to 14:16 on Fri 12 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 32 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vamana-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-09-12", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19059, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-09-12T14:15:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-12T10:15:37Z", "ms": 1221214537213.1096 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-13T14:33:41+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-13T10:33:41Z", "ms": 1221302021360.1833 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-12T14:15:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-12T10:15:37Z", "ms": 1221214537213.1096 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-13T14:33:41+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-13T10:33:41Z", "ms": 1221302021360.1833 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-12T19:53:58+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-12T15:53:58Z", "ms": 1221234837782.9607 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-12T21:22:31+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-12T17:22:31Z", "ms": 1221240151047.5933 } }, "covered_min": 89, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-13T19:51:20+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-13T15:51:20Z", "ms": 1221321080084.3518 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-13T21:20:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-13T17:20:30Z", "ms": 1221326429762.1523 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:16 on Fri 12 Sep to 14:34 on Sat 13 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-12T10:15:37Z → 2008-09-13T10:33:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:54–21:23 on the 12th, 19:51–21:20 on the 13th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 89 of 89 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 89 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19059 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Friday 12 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Friday 12 September. Trayodaśī runs from 14:16 on Fri 12 Sep to 14:34 on Sat 13 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-09-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ananta-chaturdashi", "festival": "ananta-chaturdashi", "name": "Ananta Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16684, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-09-13T14:33:41+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-13T10:33:41Z", "ms": 1221302021360.1833 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-14T14:11:50+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-14T10:11:50Z", "ms": 1221387110464.7183 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-13T14:33:41+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-13T10:33:41Z", "ms": 1221302021360.1833 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-14T14:11:50+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-14T10:11:50Z", "ms": 1221387110464.7183 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-13T06:58:07+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-13T02:58:07Z", "ms": 1221274687267.705 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-13T09:32:46+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-13T05:32:46Z", "ms": 1221283965831.0344 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 155, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-14T07:00:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-14T03:00:03Z", "ms": 1221361202667.8552 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-14T09:33:47+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-14T05:33:47Z", "ms": 1221370426580.2495 } }, "covered_min": 154, "window_min": 154, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 14:34 on Sat 13 Sep to 14:12 on Sun 14 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-13T10:33:41Z → 2008-09-14T10:11:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:58–09:33 on the 13th, 07:00–09:34 on the 14th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 155 minutes on the 13th and 154 of 154 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16684 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ananta Caturdaśī, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 14 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananta-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Ananta caturdasi (covering three muhurtas from sunrise, but one muhurta in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row asks for one muhūrta from sunrise; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Ananta Caturdaśī 2008 falls on Sunday 14 September. Caturdaśī runs from 14:34 on Sat 13 Sep to 14:12 on Sun 14 Sep and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ananta-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-09-18", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33553, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-09-18T07:38:12+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-18T03:38:12Z", "ms": 1221709092320.0999 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-19T05:16:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-19T01:16:30Z", "ms": 1221786989929.7688 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-18T07:38:12+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-18T03:38:12Z", "ms": 1221709092320.0999 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-19T05:16:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-19T01:16:30Z", "ms": 1221786989929.7688 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-17T19:43:48+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-17T15:43:48Z", "ms": 1221666227785.3489 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-17T19:43:48+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-17T15:43:48Z", "ms": 1221666227785.3489 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-18T19:57:17+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-18T15:57:17Z", "ms": 1221753437300.2114 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-18T19:57:17+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-18T15:57:17Z", "ms": 1221753437300.2114 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:38 on Thu 18 Sep to 05:16 on Fri 19 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-18T03:38:12Z → 2008-09-19T01:16:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:44 on the 17th and 19:57 on the 18th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 17th and is on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33553 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 18 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2008 falls on Thursday 18 September. Caturthī runs from 07:38 on Thu 18 Sep to 05:16 on Fri 19 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-09-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/chandra-shashthi", "festival": "chandra-shashthi", "name": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13078, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2008-09-20T02:51:00+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-19T22:51:00Z", "ms": 1221864659575.2024 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-21T00:27:15+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-20T20:27:15Z", "ms": 1221942434680.2195 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-20T02:51:00+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-19T22:51:00Z", "ms": 1221864659575.2024 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-21T00:27:15+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-20T20:27:15Z", "ms": 1221942434680.2195 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-19T20:17:23+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-19T16:17:23Z", "ms": 1221841042568.1396 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-19T20:17:23+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-19T16:17:23Z", "ms": 1221841042568.1396 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-20T20:49:17+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-20T16:49:17Z", "ms": 1221929356726.3943 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-20T20:49:17+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-20T16:49:17Z", "ms": 1221929356726.3943 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 02:51 on Sat 20 Sep to 00:27 on Sun 21 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-19T22:51:00Z → 2008-09-20T20:27:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:17 on the 19th and 20:49 on the 20th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 13078 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 20 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chandra-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Candra sasthi (Sasthi current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Candra Ṣaṣṭhī 2008 falls on Saturday 20 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 02:51 on Sat 20 Sep to 00:27 on Sun 21 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/chandra-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "festival": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "name": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-21", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1786, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2008-09-21T22:09:43+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-21T18:09:43Z", "ms": 1222020582552.9995 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-22T20:01:43+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-22T16:01:43Z", "ms": 1222099302623.9966 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-21T22:09:43+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-21T18:09:43Z", "ms": 1222020582552.9995 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-22T20:01:43+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-22T16:01:43Z", "ms": 1222099302623.9966 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-21T21:39:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-21T17:39:57Z", "ms": 1222018796742.0242 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-21T21:39:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-21T17:39:57Z", "ms": 1222018796742.0242 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-09-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-22T22:52:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-22T18:52:24Z", "ms": 1222109544337.879 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-22T22:52:24+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-22T18:52:24Z", "ms": 1222109544337.879 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 22:10 on Sun 21 Sep to 20:02 on Mon 22 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-21T18:09:43Z → 2008-09-22T16:01:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:40 on the 21st and 22:52 on the 22nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 21st and is not on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 1786 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 21 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-21", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-21", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana 2008 falls on Sunday 21 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 22:10 on Sun 21 Sep to 20:02 on Mon 22 Sep, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/jitashtami", "festival": "jitashtami", "name": "Jitāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Jitiya", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2046, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2008-09-21T22:09:43+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-21T18:09:43Z", "ms": 1222020582552.9995 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-22T20:01:43+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-22T16:01:43Z", "ms": 1222099302623.9966 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-21T22:09:43+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-21T18:09:43Z", "ms": 1222020582552.9995 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-22T20:01:43+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-22T16:01:43Z", "ms": 1222099302623.9966 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-21T19:30:15+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-21T15:30:15Z", "ms": 1222011015184.767 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-21T21:04:17+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-21T17:04:17Z", "ms": 1222016656975.6833 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-09-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-22T19:27:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-22T15:27:37Z", "ms": 1222097257076.4526 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-22T21:02:15+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-22T17:02:15Z", "ms": 1222102935463.925 } }, "covered_min": 34, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 22:10 on Sun 21 Sep to 20:02 on Mon 22 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-21T18:09:43Z → 2008-09-22T16:01:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:30–21:04 on the 21st, 19:28–21:02 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 94 minutes on the 21st and 34 of 95 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2046 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jitāṣṭamī, Moscow, 2008: Monday 22 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "jitashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Jitāṣṭamī (Jitiya) 2008 falls on Monday 22 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 22:10 on Sun 21 Sep to 20:02 on Mon 22 Sep and covers 34 of 95 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/jitashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-09-25", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Indirā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27239, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-09-24T16:22:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-24T12:22:59Z", "ms": 1222258979086.315 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-25T14:55:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-25T10:55:18Z", "ms": 1222340117535.238 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-24T16:22:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-24T12:22:59Z", "ms": 1222258979086.315 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-25T14:55:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-25T10:55:18Z", "ms": 1222340117535.238 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-24T07:19:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-24T03:19:22Z", "ms": 1222226361534.5706 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-24T07:19:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-24T03:19:22Z", "ms": 1222226361534.5706 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-25T07:21:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-25T03:21:18Z", "ms": 1222312878282.5762 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-25T07:21:18+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-25T03:21:18Z", "ms": 1222312878282.5762 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:23 on Wed 24 Sep to 14:55 on Thu 25 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-24T12:22:59Z → 2008-09-25T10:55:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:19 on the 24th and 07:21 on the 25th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27239 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Indirā Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 25 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Indirā Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Thursday 25 September. Ekādaśī runs from 16:23 on Wed 24 Sep to 14:55 on Thu 25 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-09-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-09-26", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19983, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-09-26T13:44:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-26T09:44:03Z", "ms": 1222422242616.6636 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-27T12:51:16+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-27T08:51:16Z", "ms": 1222505475891.262 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-26T13:44:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-26T09:44:03Z", "ms": 1222422242616.6636 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-27T12:51:16+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-27T08:51:16Z", "ms": 1222505475891.262 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-26T19:17:06+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-26T15:17:06Z", "ms": 1222442225892.7793 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-26T20:54:11+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-26T16:54:11Z", "ms": 1222448050760.4514 } }, "covered_min": 97, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-27T19:14:29+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-27T15:14:29Z", "ms": 1222528468548.514 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-27T20:52:10+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-27T16:52:10Z", "ms": 1222534330046.7627 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:44 on Fri 26 Sep to 12:51 on Sat 27 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-26T09:44:03Z → 2008-09-27T08:51:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:17–20:54 on the 26th, 19:14–20:52 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 97 of 97 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 98 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19983 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Friday 26 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Friday 26 September. Trayodaśī runs from 13:44 on Fri 26 Sep to 12:51 on Sat 27 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-09-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-09-27", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38088, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-09-27T12:51:16+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-27T08:51:16Z", "ms": 1222505475891.262 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-28T12:19:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-28T08:19:37Z", "ms": 1222589976742.9207 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-27T12:51:16+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-27T08:51:16Z", "ms": 1222505475891.262 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-28T12:19:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-28T08:19:37Z", "ms": 1222589976742.9207 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-27T00:57:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-26T20:57:09Z", "ms": 1222462629146.5493 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-27T01:45:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-26T21:45:09Z", "ms": 1222465509146.5493 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-28T00:56:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-27T20:56:49Z", "ms": 1222549009166.9468 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-28T01:44:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-27T21:44:49Z", "ms": 1222551889166.9468 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 12:51 on Sat 27 Sep to 12:20 on Sun 28 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-27T08:51:16Z → 2008-09-28T08:19:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:57–01:45 on the 26th, 00:57–01:45 on the 27th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 38088 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 27 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śivarātri 2008 falls on Saturday 27 September. Caturdaśī runs from 12:51 on Sat 27 Sep to 12:20 on Sun 28 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-09-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/mahalaya-amavasya", "festival": "mahalaya-amavasya", "name": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā", "everyday": "Sarvapitṛ Amāvāsyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7822, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2008-09-28T12:19:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-28T08:19:37Z", "ms": 1222589976742.9207 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-29T12:12:15+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-29T08:12:15Z", "ms": 1222675934982.0906 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-28T12:19:37+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-28T08:19:37Z", "ms": 1222589976742.9207 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-29T12:12:15+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-29T08:12:15Z", "ms": 1222675934982.0906 } }, "kaala": "aparahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-28T14:29:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-28T10:29:59Z", "ms": 1222597798777.5486 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-28T16:50:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-28T12:50:55Z", "ms": 1222606255108.2717 } }, "covered_min": 141, "window_min": 141, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-29T14:29:12+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-29T10:29:12Z", "ms": 1222684151713.5225 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-29T16:49:13+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-29T12:49:13Z", "ms": 1222692553152.217 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 140, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 12:20 on Sun 28 Sep to 12:12 on Mon 29 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-28T08:19:37Z → 2008-09-29T08:12:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aparāhṇa is 10th to 12th of 15 day muhūrtas: 14:30–16:51 on the 28th, 14:29–16:49 on the 29th.", "fact": "aparahna: day-muhurta-10-12 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during aparāhṇa. It covers 141 of 141 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 140 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7822 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 28 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalaya-amavasya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Mahalaya amavasya (aparahnavyapini)" } ], "not_evaluated": "The note on p. 106 gives the first day in a decreasing tithimāna and the second in an increasing one, when amāvāsyā covers the whole of aparāhṇa on both days; tithimāna is not computed.", "kaala": "aparahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Mahālaya Amāvāsyā 2008 falls on Sunday 28 September. Amāvasyā runs from 12:20 on Sun 28 Sep to 12:12 on Mon 29 Sep and covers all of aparāhṇa that afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/mahalaya-amavasya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/navaratra-arambha", "festival": "navaratra-arambha", "name": "Navarātrārambha", "everyday": "Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-09-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1346, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2008-09-29T12:12:15+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-29T08:12:15Z", "ms": 1222675934982.0906 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-30T12:32:25+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-30T08:32:25Z", "ms": 1222763545423.351 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-09-29T12:12:15+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-29T08:12:15Z", "ms": 1222675934982.0906 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-30T12:32:25+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-30T08:32:25Z", "ms": 1222763545423.351 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-29T12:55:11+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-29T08:55:11Z", "ms": 1222678510994.175 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-29T13:43:11+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-29T09:43:11Z", "ms": 1222681390994.175 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-09-30T12:54:52+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-30T08:54:52Z", "ms": 1222764891637.2424 }, "end": { "local": "2008-09-30T13:42:52+04:00", "utc": "2008-09-30T09:42:52Z", "ms": 1222767771637.2424 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 12:12 on Mon 29 Sep to 12:32 on Tue 30 Sep.", "fact": "2008-09-29T08:12:15Z → 2008-09-30T08:32:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:55–13:43 on the 29th, 12:55–13:43 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1346 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha, Moscow, 2008: Monday 29 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-09-30", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Navarātrārambha (Navratri) 2008 falls on Monday 29 September. Pratipadā runs from 12:12 on Mon 29 Sep to 12:32 on Tue 30 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/navaratra-arambha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-10-03", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3718, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-10-02T14:44:12+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-02T10:44:12Z", "ms": 1222944252123.65 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-03T16:35:07+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-03T12:35:07Z", "ms": 1223037306900.1694 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-02T14:44:12+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-02T10:44:12Z", "ms": 1222944252123.65 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-03T16:35:07+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-03T12:35:07Z", "ms": 1223037306900.1694 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-02T12:54:14+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-02T08:54:14Z", "ms": 1222937653775.075 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-02T13:42:14+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-02T09:42:14Z", "ms": 1222940533775.075 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-10-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-03T12:53:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-03T08:53:55Z", "ms": 1223024035304.483 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-03T13:41:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-03T09:41:55Z", "ms": 1223026915304.483 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:44 on Thu 2 Oct to 16:35 on Fri 3 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-02T10:44:12Z → 2008-10-03T12:35:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:54–13:42 on the 2nd, 12:54–13:42 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3718 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 3 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vināyaka Caturthī 2008 falls on Friday 3 October. Caturthī runs from 14:44 on Thu 2 Oct to 16:35 on Fri 3 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-10-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/durga-saptami", "festival": "durga-saptami", "name": "Durgā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28374, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2008-10-05T21:20:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-05T17:20:05Z", "ms": 1223227205387.7637 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-06T23:52:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-06T19:52:03Z", "ms": 1223322723305.871 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-05T21:20:05+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-05T17:20:05Z", "ms": 1223227205387.7637 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-06T23:52:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-06T19:52:03Z", "ms": 1223322723305.871 } }, "kaala": "udaya-1", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-06T07:42:58+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-06T03:42:58Z", "ms": 1223264577603.3708 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-06T08:27:30+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-06T04:27:30Z", "ms": 1223267250182.794 } }, "covered_min": 45, "window_min": 45, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-07T07:44:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-07T03:44:57Z", "ms": 1223351097272.668 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-07T08:29:12+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-07T04:29:12Z", "ms": 1223353751624.4004 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 44, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 21:20 on Sun 5 Oct to 23:52 on Mon 6 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-05T17:20:05Z → 2008-10-06T19:52:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first muhūrta after sunrise is 1st of 15 day muhūrtas: 07:43–08:28 on the 6th, 07:45–08:29 on the 7th.", "fact": "udaya-1: day-muhurta-1-1 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must hold through the first muhūrta after sunrise. It covers 45 of 45 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 44 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28374 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Saptamī, Moscow, 2008: Monday 6 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Durga saptami (paraviddha) — covering one muhurta from sunrise" } ], "kaala": "udaya-1", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Durgā Saptamī 2008 falls on Monday 6 October. Saptamī runs from 21:20 on Sun 5 Oct to 23:52 on Mon 6 Oct and covers all of the first muhūrta after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/durga-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/mahashtami", "festival": "mahashtami", "name": "Mahāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Durga Ashtami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36661, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2008-10-06T23:52:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-06T19:52:03Z", "ms": 1223322723305.871 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-08T02:11:21+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-07T22:11:21Z", "ms": 1223417481089.3052 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-06T23:52:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-06T19:52:03Z", "ms": 1223322723305.871 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-08T02:11:21+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-07T22:11:21Z", "ms": 1223417481089.3052 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-06T12:53:02+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-06T08:53:02Z", "ms": 1223283181949.0435 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-06T13:41:02+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-06T09:41:02Z", "ms": 1223286061949.0435 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-07T12:52:45+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-07T08:52:45Z", "ms": 1223369564910.661 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-07T13:40:45+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-07T09:40:45Z", "ms": 1223372444910.661 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 23:52 on Mon 6 Oct to 02:11 on Wed 8 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-06T19:52:03Z → 2008-10-07T22:11:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:53–13:41 on the 6th, 12:53–13:41 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36661 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāṣṭamī, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 7 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 2008 falls on Tuesday 7 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 23:52 on Mon 6 Oct to 02:11 on Wed 8 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/mahashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/mahanavami", "festival": "mahanavami", "name": "Mahānavamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31716, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2008-10-08T02:11:21+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-07T22:11:21Z", "ms": 1223417481089.3052 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-09T04:03:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-09T00:03:36Z", "ms": 1223510616378.1208 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-08T02:11:21+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-07T22:11:21Z", "ms": 1223417481089.3052 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-09T04:03:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-09T00:03:36Z", "ms": 1223510616378.1208 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-08T12:52:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-08T08:52:28Z", "ms": 1223455948277.002 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-08T13:40:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-08T09:40:28Z", "ms": 1223458828277.002 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-09T12:52:12+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-09T08:52:12Z", "ms": 1223542332067.3008 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-09T13:40:12+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-09T09:40:12Z", "ms": 1223545212067.3008 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 02:11 on Wed 8 Oct to 04:04 on Thu 9 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-07T22:11:21Z → 2008-10-09T00:03:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:52–13:40 on the 8th, 12:52–13:40 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 31716 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahānavamī, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 8 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahanavami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Mahanavami (purvaviddha) (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha covering one muhurta from sunrise)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Mahānavamī 2008 falls on Wednesday 8 October. Navamī runs from 02:11 on Wed 8 Oct to 04:04 on Thu 9 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/mahanavami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vijaya-dashami", "festival": "vijaya-dashami", "name": "Vijayā Daśamī", "everyday": "Dussehra", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9231, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 9, "key": "dashami", "name": "Daśamī", "start": { "local": "2008-10-09T04:03:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-09T00:03:36Z", "ms": 1223510616378.1208 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-10T05:17:07+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-10T01:17:07Z", "ms": 1223601426655.705 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "conjunction", "start": { "local": "2008-10-09T04:03:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-09T00:03:36Z", "ms": 1223510616378.1208 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-10T05:17:07+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-10T01:17:07Z", "ms": 1223601426655.705 }, "nakshatra": { "type": "nakshatra", "index": 21, "key": "shravana", "name": "Śravaṇa", "start": { "local": "2008-10-09T03:52:49+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-08T23:52:49Z", "ms": 1223509969399.755 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-10T05:40:23+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-10T01:40:23Z", "ms": 1223602823395.6448 } } }, "kaala": "daytime", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-09T07:48:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-09T03:48:57Z", "ms": 1223524137478.6128 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-09T18:43:27+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-09T14:43:27Z", "ms": 1223563406655.9888 } }, "covered_min": 654, "window_min": 654, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-10T07:50:58+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-10T03:50:58Z", "ms": 1223610658028.4175 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-10T18:40:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-10T14:40:55Z", "ms": 1223649654573.8662 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 650, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Daśamī runs from 04:04 on Thu 9 Oct to 05:17 on Fri 10 Oct, and Śravaṇa from 03:53 on Thu 9 Oct to 05:40 on Fri 10 Oct. They are together from 04:04 on Thu 9 Oct to 05:17 on Fri 10 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-09T00:03:36Z → 2008-10-10T01:17:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day time is sunrise to sunset: 07:49–18:43 on the 9th, 07:51–18:41 on the 10th.", "fact": "daytime: sunrise-to-sunset · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Where Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time, that day is taken. Together they cover 654 of 654 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 650 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9231 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Daśamī, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 9 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vijaya-dashami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 10 Vijaya dasami (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha, covering one muhurta from sunrise. In other places, if it touches Sravana naksatra in the day time it is observed on that day), Sarasvati visarjana (to be observed in naksatra Sravana), Dasahara." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day", "conjunction": { "nakshatra": "Śravaṇa", "kaala": "daytime" } }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vijayā Daśamī (Dussehra) 2008 falls on Thursday 9 October. Daśamī runs from 04:04 on Thu 9 Oct to 05:17 on Fri 10 Oct and is with Śravaṇa in the day time that day, for 654 minutes.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vijaya-dashami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-10-10", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7712, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-10-10T05:17:07+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-10T01:17:07Z", "ms": 1223601426655.705 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-11T05:44:27+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-11T01:44:27Z", "ms": 1223689466626.0964 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-10T05:17:07+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-10T01:17:07Z", "ms": 1223601426655.705 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-11T05:44:27+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-11T01:44:27Z", "ms": 1223689466626.0964 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-10T07:50:58+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-10T03:50:58Z", "ms": 1223610658028.4175 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-10T07:50:58+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-10T03:50:58Z", "ms": 1223610658028.4175 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-11T07:52:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-11T03:52:59Z", "ms": 1223697178885.1616 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-11T07:52:59+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-11T03:52:59Z", "ms": 1223697178885.1616 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:17 on Fri 10 Oct to 05:44 on Sat 11 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-10T01:17:07Z → 2008-10-11T01:44:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:51 on the 10th and 07:53 on the 11th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 10th and is not on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7712 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 10 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Friday 10 October. Ekādaśī runs from 05:17 on Fri 10 Oct to 05:44 on Sat 11 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-10-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-10-12", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28329, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-10-12T05:23:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-12T01:23:03Z", "ms": 1223774582655.652 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-13T04:14:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-13T00:14:51Z", "ms": 1223856890648.6704 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-12T05:23:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-12T01:23:03Z", "ms": 1223774582655.652 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-13T04:14:51+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-13T00:14:51Z", "ms": 1223856890648.6704 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-11T18:38:23+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-11T14:38:23Z", "ms": 1223735903111.913 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-11T20:24:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-11T16:24:36Z", "ms": 1223742276037.8093 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-10-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-12T18:35:52+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-12T14:35:52Z", "ms": 1223822152303.9001 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-12T20:22:42+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-12T16:22:42Z", "ms": 1223828561536.6812 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:23 on Sun 12 Oct to 04:15 on Mon 13 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-12T01:23:03Z → 2008-10-13T00:14:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:38–20:25 on the 11th, 18:36–20:23 on the 12th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 106 minutes on the 11th and 107 of 107 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28329 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 12 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Sunday 12 October. Trayodaśī runs from 05:23 on Sun 12 Oct to 04:15 on Mon 13 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-10-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/karaka-chaturthi", "festival": "karaka-chaturthi", "name": "Karaka Caturthī", "everyday": "Karwa Chauth", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13246, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-10-17T15:09:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-17T11:09:22Z", "ms": 1224241761770.3865 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-18T12:08:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-18T08:08:55Z", "ms": 1224317335433.8955 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-17T15:09:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-17T11:09:22Z", "ms": 1224241761770.3865 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-18T12:08:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-18T08:08:55Z", "ms": 1224317335433.8955 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-17T18:50:08+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-17T14:50:08Z", "ms": 1224255008055.1343 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-17T18:50:08+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-17T14:50:08Z", "ms": 1224255008055.1343 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-18T19:35:21+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-18T15:35:21Z", "ms": 1224344121326.7542 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-18T19:35:21+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-18T15:35:21Z", "ms": 1224344121326.7542 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:09 on Fri 17 Oct to 12:09 on Sat 18 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-17T11:09:22Z → 2008-10-18T08:08:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 18:50 on the 17th and 19:35 on the 18th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 17th and is not on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 13246 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Karaka Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 17 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "karaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Karaka caturthi (current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Karaka Caturthī (Karwa Chauth) 2008 falls on Friday 17 October. Caturthī runs from 15:09 on Fri 17 Oct to 12:09 on Sat 18 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/karaka-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-10-17", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13246, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-10-17T15:09:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-17T11:09:22Z", "ms": 1224241761770.3865 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-18T12:08:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-18T08:08:55Z", "ms": 1224317335433.8955 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-17T15:09:22+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-17T11:09:22Z", "ms": 1224241761770.3865 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-18T12:08:55+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-18T08:08:55Z", "ms": 1224317335433.8955 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-17T18:50:08+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-17T14:50:08Z", "ms": 1224255008055.1343 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-17T18:50:08+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-17T14:50:08Z", "ms": 1224255008055.1343 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-18T19:35:21+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-18T15:35:21Z", "ms": 1224344121326.7542 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-18T19:35:21+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-18T15:35:21Z", "ms": 1224344121326.7542 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:09 on Fri 17 Oct to 12:09 on Sat 18 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-17T11:09:22Z → 2008-10-18T08:08:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 18:50 on the 17th and 19:35 on the 18th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 17th and is not on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13246 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 17 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2008 falls on Friday 17 October. Caturthī runs from 15:09 on Fri 17 Oct to 12:09 on Sat 18 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-10-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ahoyi-ashtami", "festival": "ahoyi-ashtami", "name": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12558, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2008-10-21T04:47:29+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-21T00:47:29Z", "ms": 1224550049430.4873 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-22T03:08:26+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-21T23:08:26Z", "ms": 1224630506479.2405 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-21T04:47:29+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-21T00:47:29Z", "ms": 1224550049430.4873 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-22T03:08:26+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-21T23:08:26Z", "ms": 1224630506479.2405 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-20T22:07:27+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-20T18:07:27Z", "ms": 1224526047353.463 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-20T22:07:27+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-20T18:07:27Z", "ms": 1224526047353.463 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-21T23:39:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-21T19:39:09Z", "ms": 1224617948694.795 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-21T23:39:09+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-21T19:39:09Z", "ms": 1224617948694.795 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 04:47 on Tue 21 Oct to 03:08 on Wed 22 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-21T00:47:29Z → 2008-10-21T23:08:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:07 on the 20th and 23:39 on the 21st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 20th and is on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12558 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 21 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ahoyi-ashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Ahoyi astami (Gujerat) (current at moonrise), Karastami (Maharashtra). If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Ahoyī Aṣṭamī 2008 falls on Tuesday 21 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 04:47 on Tue 21 Oct to 03:08 on Wed 22 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ahoyi-ashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-10-24", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ramā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25784, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-10-24T01:09:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-23T21:09:57Z", "ms": 1224796196956.2048 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-25T00:48:32+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-24T20:48:32Z", "ms": 1224881312251.8877 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-24T01:09:57+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-23T21:09:57Z", "ms": 1224796196956.2048 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-25T00:48:32+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-24T20:48:32Z", "ms": 1224881312251.8877 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-24T08:19:41+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-24T04:19:41Z", "ms": 1224821980747.3171 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-24T08:19:41+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-24T04:19:41Z", "ms": 1224821980747.3171 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-25T08:21:46+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-25T04:21:46Z", "ms": 1224908506276.0496 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-25T08:21:46+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-25T04:21:46Z", "ms": 1224908506276.0496 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 01:10 on Fri 24 Oct to 00:49 on Sat 25 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-23T21:09:57Z → 2008-10-24T20:48:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 08:20 on the 24th and 08:22 on the 25th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 24th and is not on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25784 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ramā Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 24 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Ramā Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Friday 24 October. Ekādaśī runs from 01:10 on Fri 24 Oct to 00:49 on Sat 25 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-10-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/govatsa-dvadashi", "festival": "govatsa-dvadashi", "name": "Govatsa Dvādaśī", "everyday": "Vasu Baras", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17265, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 26, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-10-25T00:48:32+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-24T20:48:32Z", "ms": 1224881312251.8877 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-26T00:50:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-25T20:50:36Z", "ms": 1224967835855.9949 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-25T00:48:32+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-24T20:48:32Z", "ms": 1224881312251.8877 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-26T00:50:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-25T20:50:36Z", "ms": 1224967835855.9949 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-24T18:06:47+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-24T14:06:47Z", "ms": 1224857207116.6018 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-24T20:00:47+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-24T16:00:47Z", "ms": 1224864047004.528 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-25T18:04:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-25T14:04:28Z", "ms": 1224943468311.7473 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-25T19:59:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-25T15:59:03Z", "ms": 1224950343478.9307 } }, "covered_min": 115, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 00:49 on Sat 25 Oct to 00:51 on Sun 26 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-24T20:48:32Z → 2008-10-25T20:50:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:07–20:01 on the 24th, 18:04–19:59 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 114 minutes on the 24th and 115 of 115 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 17265 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govatsa Dvādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 25 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govatsa-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 12 Govatsa dvadasi (pradosa vyapini). If occurs on two days, it is to be observed on the first day." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vasu Baras) 2008 falls on Saturday 25 October. Dvādaśī runs from 00:49 on Sat 25 Oct to 00:51 on Sun 26 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/govatsa-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/yama-dipadana", "festival": "yama-dipadana", "name": "Yama Dīpadāna", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17492, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-10-26T00:50:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-25T20:50:36Z", "ms": 1224967835855.9949 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-27T00:15:23+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-26T21:15:23Z", "ms": 1225055723084.7288 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-26T00:50:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-25T20:50:36Z", "ms": 1224967835855.9949 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-27T00:15:23+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-26T21:15:23Z", "ms": 1225055723084.7288 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-25T18:04:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-25T14:04:28Z", "ms": 1224943468311.7473 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-25T19:59:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-25T15:59:03Z", "ms": 1224950343478.9307 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-26T17:02:11+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-26T14:02:11Z", "ms": 1225029730731.9478 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-26T18:57:21+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-26T15:57:21Z", "ms": 1225036641046.435 } }, "covered_min": 115, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 00:51 on Sun 26 Oct to 00:15 on Mon 27 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-25T20:50:36Z → 2008-10-26T21:15:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:04–19:59 on the 25th, 17:02–18:57 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 115 minutes on the 25th and 115 of 115 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17492 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dīpadāna, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 26 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dipadana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 13 Yama dipadana (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Yama Dīpadāna 2008 falls on Sunday 26 October. Trayodaśī runs from 00:51 on Sun 26 Oct to 00:15 on Mon 27 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/yama-dipadana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-10-26", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17492, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-10-26T00:50:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-25T20:50:36Z", "ms": 1224967835855.9949 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-27T00:15:23+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-26T21:15:23Z", "ms": 1225055723084.7288 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-26T00:50:36+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-25T20:50:36Z", "ms": 1224967835855.9949 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-27T00:15:23+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-26T21:15:23Z", "ms": 1225055723084.7288 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-25T18:04:28+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-25T14:04:28Z", "ms": 1224943468311.7473 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-25T19:59:03+04:00", "utc": "2008-10-25T15:59:03Z", "ms": 1224950343478.9307 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-26T17:02:11+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-26T14:02:11Z", "ms": 1225029730731.9478 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-26T18:57:21+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-26T15:57:21Z", "ms": 1225036641046.435 } }, "covered_min": 115, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 00:51 on Sun 26 Oct to 00:15 on Mon 27 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-25T20:50:36Z → 2008-10-26T21:15:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:04–19:59 on the 25th, 17:02–18:57 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 115 minutes on the 25th and 115 of 115 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17492 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 26 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Sunday 26 October. Trayodaśī runs from 00:51 on Sun 26 Oct to 00:15 on Mon 27 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-10-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/naraka-chaturdashi", "festival": "naraka-chaturdashi", "name": "Naraka Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Choti Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16163, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-10-27T00:15:23+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-26T21:15:23Z", "ms": 1225055723084.7288 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-28T01:02:56+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-27T22:02:56Z", "ms": 1225144975975.363 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-27T00:15:23+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-26T21:15:23Z", "ms": 1225055723084.7288 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-28T01:02:56+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-27T22:02:56Z", "ms": 1225144975975.363 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-27T05:30:48+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-27T02:30:48Z", "ms": 1225074647776.116 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-27T07:25:58+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-27T04:25:58Z", "ms": 1225081558090.6033 } }, "covered_min": 115, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-28T05:32:19+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T02:32:19Z", "ms": 1225161139002.9941 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-28T07:28:04+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T04:28:04Z", "ms": 1225168084323.0117 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 116, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 00:15 on Mon 27 Oct to 01:03 on Tue 28 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-26T21:15:23Z → 2008-10-27T22:02:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:31–07:26 on the 27th, 05:32–07:28 on the 28th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 115 of 115 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 116 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 16163 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Naraka Caturdaśī, Moscow, 2008: Monday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naraka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Naraka caturdasi (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Naraka Caturdaśī (Choti Diwali) 2008 falls on Monday 27 October. Caturdaśī runs from 00:15 on Mon 27 Oct to 01:03 on Tue 28 Oct and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/naraka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-10-27", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-27", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1361, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-10-27T00:15:23+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-26T21:15:23Z", "ms": 1225055723084.7288 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-28T01:02:56+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-27T22:02:56Z", "ms": 1225144975975.363 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-27T00:15:23+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-26T21:15:23Z", "ms": 1225055723084.7288 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-28T01:02:56+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-27T22:02:56Z", "ms": 1225144975975.363 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-26T23:50:04+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-26T20:50:04Z", "ms": 1225054204411.2754 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-27T00:38:04+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-26T21:38:04Z", "ms": 1225057084411.2754 } }, "covered_min": 23, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-27T23:49:59+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-27T20:49:59Z", "ms": 1225140599372.9458 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-28T00:37:59+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-27T21:37:59Z", "ms": 1225143479372.9458 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 00:15 on Mon 27 Oct to 01:03 on Tue 28 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-26T21:15:23Z → 2008-10-27T22:02:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:50–00:38 on the 26th, 23:50–00:38 on the 27th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 23 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both nights qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1361 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Moscow, 2008: Monday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-27", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-27", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śivarātri 2008 falls on Monday 27 October. Caturdaśī runs from 00:15 on Mon 27 Oct to 01:03 on Tue 28 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night. It also reaches the previous night for 23 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-10-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "festival": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "name": "Lakṣmī Pūjā", "everyday": "Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22036, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2008-10-28T01:02:56+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-27T22:02:56Z", "ms": 1225144975975.363 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-29T02:13:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T23:13:51Z", "ms": 1225235631025.077 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-28T01:02:56+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-27T22:02:56Z", "ms": 1225144975975.363 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-29T02:13:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T23:13:51Z", "ms": 1225235631025.077 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-27T16:59:54+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-27T13:59:54Z", "ms": 1225115994422.8801 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-27T18:55:40+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-27T15:55:40Z", "ms": 1225122939742.8977 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 116, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-28T16:57:39+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T13:57:39Z", "ms": 1225202259431.008 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-28T18:54:00+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T15:54:00Z", "ms": 1225209239604.5188 } }, "covered_min": 116, "window_min": 116, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 01:03 on Tue 28 Oct to 02:14 on Wed 29 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-27T22:02:56Z → 2008-10-28T23:13:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:00–18:56 on the 27th, 16:58–18:54 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 116 minutes on the 27th and 116 of 116 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22036 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pūjā, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 28 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali) 2008 falls on Tuesday 28 October. Amāvasyā runs from 01:03 on Tue 28 Oct to 02:14 on Wed 29 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/kali-puja", "festival": "kali-puja", "name": "Kālī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1497, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "2008-10-28T01:02:56+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-27T22:02:56Z", "ms": 1225144975975.363 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-29T02:13:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T23:13:51Z", "ms": 1225235631025.077 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-28T01:02:56+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-27T22:02:56Z", "ms": 1225144975975.363 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-29T02:13:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T23:13:51Z", "ms": 1225235631025.077 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-27T23:49:59+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-27T20:49:59Z", "ms": 1225140599372.9458 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-28T00:37:59+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-27T21:37:59Z", "ms": 1225143479372.9458 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-28T23:49:55+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T20:49:55Z", "ms": 1225226995081.673 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-29T00:37:55+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T21:37:55Z", "ms": 1225229875081.673 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 01:03 on Tue 28 Oct to 02:14 on Wed 29 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-27T22:02:56Z → 2008-10-28T23:13:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:50–00:38 on the 27th, 23:50–00:38 on the 28th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1497 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kālī Pūjā, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 28 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kālī Pūjā 2008 falls on Tuesday 28 October. Amāvasyā runs from 01:03 on Tue 28 Oct to 02:14 on Wed 29 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/kali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/govardhana-puja", "festival": "govardhana-puja", "name": "Govardhana Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28804, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2008-10-29T02:13:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T23:13:51Z", "ms": 1225235631025.077 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-30T03:48:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-30T00:48:42Z", "ms": 1225327721895.2942 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-29T02:13:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T23:13:51Z", "ms": 1225235631025.077 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-30T03:48:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-30T00:48:42Z", "ms": 1225327721895.2942 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-29T11:48:48+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-29T08:48:48Z", "ms": 1225270128268.0745 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-29T12:36:48+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-29T09:36:48Z", "ms": 1225273008268.0745 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-30T11:48:45+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-30T08:48:45Z", "ms": 1225356525437.7773 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-30T12:36:45+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-30T09:36:45Z", "ms": 1225359405437.7773 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 02:14 on Wed 29 Oct to 03:49 on Thu 30 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-28T23:13:51Z → 2008-10-30T00:48:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 29th, 11:49–12:37 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 28804 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govardhana Pūjā, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govardhana-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Govardhana Pūjā 2008 falls on Wednesday 29 October. Pratipadā runs from 02:14 on Wed 29 Oct to 03:49 on Thu 30 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/govardhana-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/bali-puja", "festival": "bali-puja", "name": "Bali Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26391, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2008-10-29T02:13:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T23:13:51Z", "ms": 1225235631025.077 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-30T03:48:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-30T00:48:42Z", "ms": 1225327721895.2942 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-29T02:13:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T23:13:51Z", "ms": 1225235631025.077 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-30T03:48:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-30T00:48:42Z", "ms": 1225327721895.2942 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-28T16:57:39+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T13:57:39Z", "ms": 1225202259431.008 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-28T18:54:00+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T15:54:00Z", "ms": 1225209239604.5188 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 116, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-29T16:55:26+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-29T13:55:26Z", "ms": 1225288525803.8108 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-29T18:52:21+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-29T15:52:21Z", "ms": 1225295540668.0469 } }, "covered_min": 117, "window_min": 117, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 02:14 on Wed 29 Oct to 03:49 on Thu 30 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-28T23:13:51Z → 2008-10-30T00:48:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:58–18:54 on the 28th, 16:55–18:52 on the 29th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 116 minutes on the 28th and 117 of 117 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26391 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bali Pūjā, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Bali Pūjā 2008 falls on Wednesday 29 October. Pratipadā runs from 02:14 on Wed 29 Oct to 03:49 on Thu 30 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/bali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/dyuta-pratipad", "festival": "dyuta-pratipad", "name": "Dyūta Pratipad", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13415, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "2008-10-29T02:13:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T23:13:51Z", "ms": 1225235631025.077 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-30T03:48:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-30T00:48:42Z", "ms": 1225327721895.2942 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-29T02:13:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-28T23:13:51Z", "ms": 1225235631025.077 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-30T03:48:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-30T00:48:42Z", "ms": 1225327721895.2942 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-29T07:30:11+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-29T04:30:11Z", "ms": 1225254610732.3381 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-29T10:38:36+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-29T07:38:36Z", "ms": 1225265915756.1624 } }, "covered_min": 188, "window_min": 188, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-30T07:32:17+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-30T04:32:17Z", "ms": 1225341137285.5806 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-30T10:39:16+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-30T07:39:16Z", "ms": 1225352356053.7117 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 187, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 02:14 on Wed 29 Oct to 03:49 on Thu 30 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-28T23:13:51Z → 2008-10-30T00:48:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 07:30–10:39 on the 29th, 07:32–10:39 on the 30th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 188 of 188 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 187 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13415 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dyūta Pratipad, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dyuta-pratipad", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Dyūta Pratipad 2008 falls on Wednesday 29 October. Pratipadā runs from 02:14 on Wed 29 Oct to 03:49 on Thu 30 Oct and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/dyuta-pratipad", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/yama-dvitiya", "festival": "yama-dvitiya", "name": "Yama Dvitīyā", "everyday": "Bhai Dooj", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21701, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "2008-10-30T03:48:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-30T00:48:42Z", "ms": 1225327721895.2942 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-31T05:47:02+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-31T02:47:02Z", "ms": 1225421222167.3918 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-10-30T03:48:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-30T00:48:42Z", "ms": 1225327721895.2942 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-31T05:47:02+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-31T02:47:02Z", "ms": 1225421222167.3918 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-30T11:48:45+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-30T08:48:45Z", "ms": 1225356525437.7773 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-30T12:36:45+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-30T09:36:45Z", "ms": 1225359405437.7773 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-10-31T11:48:43+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-31T08:48:43Z", "ms": 1225442923393.4087 }, "end": { "local": "2008-10-31T12:36:43+03:00", "utc": "2008-10-31T09:36:43Z", "ms": 1225445803393.4087 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 03:49 on Thu 30 Oct to 05:47 on Fri 31 Oct.", "fact": "2008-10-30T00:48:42Z → 2008-10-31T02:47:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 30th, 11:49–12:37 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 21701 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dvitīyā, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dvitiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Bhratrdvitiya, Yamadvitiya (madhyahna, purvaviddha), Masyadhara (Dwat) puja (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Yama Dvitīyā (Bhai Dooj) 2008 falls on Thursday 30 October. Dvitīyā runs from 03:49 on Thu 30 Oct to 05:47 on Fri 31 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/yama-dvitiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/naga-chaturthi", "festival": "naga-chaturthi", "name": "Nāga Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-11-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4071, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-11-01T08:06:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-01T05:06:18Z", "ms": 1225515978482.2856 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-02T10:40:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-02T07:40:51Z", "ms": 1225611650894.136 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-11-01T08:06:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-01T05:06:18Z", "ms": 1225515978482.2856 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-02T10:40:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-02T07:40:51Z", "ms": 1225611650894.136 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-01T11:48:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-01T08:48:42Z", "ms": 1225529322141.8262 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-01T12:36:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-01T09:36:42Z", "ms": 1225532202141.8262 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-02T11:48:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-02T08:48:42Z", "ms": 1225615721689.4302 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-02T12:36:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-02T09:36:42Z", "ms": 1225618601689.4302 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:06 on Sat 1 Nov to 10:41 on Sun 2 Nov.", "fact": "2008-11-01T05:06:18Z → 2008-11-02T07:40:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 1st, 11:49–12:37 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4071 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 1 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Naga caturthi (paraviddha and madhyahnavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Nāga Caturthī 2008 falls on Saturday 1 November. Caturthī runs from 08:06 on Sat 1 Nov to 10:41 on Sun 2 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/naga-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-11-01", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-11-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4071, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-11-01T08:06:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-01T05:06:18Z", "ms": 1225515978482.2856 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-02T10:40:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-02T07:40:51Z", "ms": 1225611650894.136 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-11-01T08:06:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-01T05:06:18Z", "ms": 1225515978482.2856 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-02T10:40:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-02T07:40:51Z", "ms": 1225611650894.136 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-01T11:48:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-01T08:48:42Z", "ms": 1225529322141.8262 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-01T12:36:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-01T09:36:42Z", "ms": 1225532202141.8262 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-02T11:48:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-02T08:48:42Z", "ms": 1225615721689.4302 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-02T12:36:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-02T09:36:42Z", "ms": 1225618601689.4302 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:06 on Sat 1 Nov to 10:41 on Sun 2 Nov.", "fact": "2008-11-01T05:06:18Z → 2008-11-02T07:40:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 1st, 11:49–12:37 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4071 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Saturday 1 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vināyaka Caturthī 2008 falls on Saturday 1 November. Caturthī runs from 08:06 on Sat 1 Nov to 10:41 on Sun 2 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-11-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/surya-shashthi", "festival": "surya-shashthi", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī", "everyday": "Chhath", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-11-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2681, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2008-11-03T13:21:23+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-03T10:21:23Z", "ms": 1225707683435.736 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-04T15:55:28+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-04T12:55:28Z", "ms": 1225803327907.916 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-11-03T13:21:23+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-03T10:21:23Z", "ms": 1225707683435.736 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-04T15:55:28+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-04T12:55:28Z", "ms": 1225803327907.916 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-03T11:48:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-03T08:48:42Z", "ms": 1225702122042.0967 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-03T12:36:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-03T09:36:42Z", "ms": 1225705002042.0967 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-04T11:48:43+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-04T08:48:43Z", "ms": 1225788523205.37 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-04T12:36:43+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-04T09:36:43Z", "ms": 1225791403205.37 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 13:21 on Mon 3 Nov to 15:55 on Tue 4 Nov.", "fact": "2008-11-03T10:21:23Z → 2008-11-04T12:55:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 3rd, 11:49–12:37 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2681 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 4 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Nadi sasthi, Skanda sasthi (Madras), Surya sasthi, Chhat (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Chhath) 2008 falls on Tuesday 4 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 13:21 on Mon 3 Nov to 15:55 on Tue 4 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/surya-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/gopashtami", "festival": "gopashtami", "name": "Gopāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-11-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19925, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "2008-11-05T18:08:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-05T15:08:51Z", "ms": 1225897730654.1091 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-06T19:47:46+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-06T16:47:46Z", "ms": 1225990065948.01 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-11-05T18:08:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-05T15:08:51Z", "ms": 1225897730654.1091 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-06T19:47:46+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-06T16:47:46Z", "ms": 1225990065948.01 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-05T11:48:45+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-05T08:48:45Z", "ms": 1225874925184.3901 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-05T12:36:45+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-05T09:36:45Z", "ms": 1225877805184.3901 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-06T11:48:48+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-06T08:48:48Z", "ms": 1225961327983.916 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-06T12:36:48+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-06T09:36:48Z", "ms": 1225964207983.916 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 18:09 on Wed 5 Nov to 19:48 on Thu 6 Nov.", "fact": "2008-11-05T15:08:51Z → 2008-11-06T16:47:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 5th, 11:49–12:37 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19925 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gopāṣṭamī, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 6 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gopashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Gopāṣṭamī 2008 falls on Thursday 6 November. Aṣṭamī runs from 18:09 on Wed 5 Nov to 19:48 on Thu 6 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/gopashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/akshaya-navami", "festival": "akshaya-navami", "name": "Akṣaya Navamī", "everyday": "Amla Navami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-11-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32613, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2008-11-06T19:47:46+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-06T16:47:46Z", "ms": 1225990065948.01 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-07T20:41:15+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-07T17:41:15Z", "ms": 1226079674895.7659 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-11-06T19:47:46+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-06T16:47:46Z", "ms": 1225990065948.01 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-07T20:41:15+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-07T17:41:15Z", "ms": 1226079674895.7659 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-06T07:47:04+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-06T04:47:04Z", "ms": 1225946823917.2627 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-06T10:44:13+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-06T07:44:13Z", "ms": 1225957453295.0315 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 177, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-07T07:49:10+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-07T04:49:10Z", "ms": 1226033350151.0847 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-07T10:44:58+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-07T07:44:58Z", "ms": 1226043897789.2793 } }, "covered_min": 176, "window_min": 176, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 19:48 on Thu 6 Nov to 20:41 on Fri 7 Nov.", "fact": "2008-11-06T16:47:46Z → 2008-11-07T17:41:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 07:47–10:44 on the 6th, 07:49–10:45 on the 7th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 177 minutes on the 6th and 176 of 176 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32613 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Navamī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 7 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Akṣaya Navamī (Amla Navami) 2008 falls on Friday 7 November. Navamī runs from 19:48 on Thu 6 Nov to 20:41 on Fri 7 Nov and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/akshaya-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/durga-navami", "festival": "durga-navami", "name": "Durgā Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-11-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25858, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "2008-11-06T19:47:46+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-06T16:47:46Z", "ms": 1225990065948.01 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-07T20:41:15+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-07T17:41:15Z", "ms": 1226079674895.7659 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-11-06T19:47:46+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-06T16:47:46Z", "ms": 1225990065948.01 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-07T20:41:15+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-07T17:41:15Z", "ms": 1226079674895.7659 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-06T11:48:48+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-06T08:48:48Z", "ms": 1225961327983.916 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-06T12:36:48+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-06T09:36:48Z", "ms": 1225964207983.916 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-07T11:48:52+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-07T08:48:52Z", "ms": 1226047731608.3765 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-07T12:36:52+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-07T09:36:52Z", "ms": 1226050611608.3765 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 19:48 on Thu 6 Nov to 20:41 on Fri 7 Nov.", "fact": "2008-11-06T16:47:46Z → 2008-11-07T17:41:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 6th, 11:49–12:37 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 25858 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Navamī, Moscow, 2008: Friday 7 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Durgā Navamī 2008 falls on Friday 7 November. Navamī runs from 19:48 on Thu 6 Nov to 20:41 on Fri 7 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/durga-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-11-09", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-11-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 40237, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-11-08T20:42:45+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-08T17:42:45Z", "ms": 1226166164647.341 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-09T19:50:44+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-09T16:50:44Z", "ms": 1226249443552.8047 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-11-08T20:42:45+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-08T17:42:45Z", "ms": 1226166164647.341 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-09T19:50:44+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-09T16:50:44Z", "ms": 1226249443552.8047 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-09T07:53:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-09T04:53:22Z", "ms": 1226206401791.4177 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-09T07:53:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-09T04:53:22Z", "ms": 1226206401791.4177 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-10T07:55:27+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-10T04:55:27Z", "ms": 1226292927086.7559 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-10T07:55:27+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-10T04:55:27Z", "ms": 1226292927086.7559 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:43 on Sat 8 Nov to 19:51 on Sun 9 Nov.", "fact": "2008-11-08T17:42:45Z → 2008-11-09T16:50:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:53 on the 9th and 07:55 on the 10th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 9th and is not on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 40237 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 9 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Prabodhinī Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Sunday 9 November. Ekādaśī runs from 20:43 on Sat 8 Nov to 19:51 on Sun 9 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-11-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-11-10", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-11-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1564, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-11-10T18:08:17+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-10T15:08:17Z", "ms": 1226329697444.7744 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-11T15:42:11+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-11T12:42:11Z", "ms": 1226407330763.6873 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-11-10T18:08:17+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-10T15:08:17Z", "ms": 1226329697444.7744 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-11T15:42:11+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-11T12:42:11Z", "ms": 1226407330763.6873 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-10T16:30:48+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-10T13:30:48Z", "ms": 1226323847858.7383 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-10T18:34:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-10T15:34:22Z", "ms": 1226331261738.4019 } }, "covered_min": 26, "window_min": 124, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-11T16:28:57+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-11T13:28:57Z", "ms": 1226410136920.2722 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-11T18:33:02+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-11T15:33:02Z", "ms": 1226417582176.4385 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 124, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 18:08 on Mon 10 Nov to 15:42 on Tue 11 Nov.", "fact": "2008-11-10T15:08:17Z → 2008-11-11T12:42:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:31–18:34 on the 10th, 16:29–18:33 on the 11th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 26 of 124 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 124 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1564 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Monday 10 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Monday 10 November. Trayodaśī runs from 18:08 on Mon 10 Nov to 15:42 on Tue 11 Nov and covers 26 of 124 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-11-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/rasayatra", "festival": "rasayatra", "name": "Rāsayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-11-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31135, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2008-11-12T12:41:38+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-12T09:41:38Z", "ms": 1226482897698.7217 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-13T09:17:20+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-13T06:17:20Z", "ms": 1226557039618.6384 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-11-12T12:41:38+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-12T09:41:38Z", "ms": 1226482897698.7217 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-13T09:17:20+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-13T06:17:20Z", "ms": 1226557039618.6384 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-11T23:50:17+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-11T20:50:17Z", "ms": 1226436616630.8953 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-12T00:38:17+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-11T21:38:17Z", "ms": 1226439496630.8953 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-12T23:50:24+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-12T20:50:24Z", "ms": 1226523024170.2378 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-13T00:38:24+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-12T21:38:24Z", "ms": 1226525904170.2378 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 12:42 on Wed 12 Nov to 09:17 on Thu 13 Nov.", "fact": "2008-11-12T09:41:38Z → 2008-11-13T06:17:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:50–00:38 on the 11th, 23:50–00:38 on the 12th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31135 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāsayātrā, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 12 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rasayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Rāsayātrā 2008 falls on Wednesday 12 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 12:42 on Wed 12 Nov to 09:17 on Thu 13 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/rasayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/kartiki-purnima", "festival": "kartiki-purnima", "name": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-11-13", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 255, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2008-11-12T12:41:38+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-12T09:41:38Z", "ms": 1226482897698.7217 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-13T09:17:20+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-13T06:17:20Z", "ms": 1226557039618.6384 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-11-12T12:41:38+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-12T09:41:38Z", "ms": 1226482897698.7217 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-13T09:17:20+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-13T06:17:20Z", "ms": 1226557039618.6384 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-12T11:49:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-12T08:49:22Z", "ms": 1226479762249.5947 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-12T12:37:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-12T09:37:22Z", "ms": 1226482642249.5947 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-13T11:49:31+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-13T08:49:31Z", "ms": 1226566170911.2432 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-13T12:37:31+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-13T09:37:31Z", "ms": 1226569050911.2432 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 12:42 on Wed 12 Nov to 09:17 on Thu 13 Nov.", "fact": "2008-11-12T09:41:38Z → 2008-11-13T06:17:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 12th, 11:50–12:38 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: unstated → second-day · margin 255 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 13 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kartiki-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-13", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kārtikī Pūrṇimā 2008 falls on Thursday 13 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 12:42 on Wed 12 Nov to 09:17 on Thu 13 Nov, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day. It is 4 min 15 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/kartiki-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-11-16", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-11-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2211, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-11-15T22:34:14+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-15T19:34:14Z", "ms": 1226777653797.9023 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-16T19:24:57+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-16T16:24:57Z", "ms": 1226852696781.8555 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-11-15T22:34:14+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-15T19:34:14Z", "ms": 1226777653797.9023 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-16T19:24:57+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-16T16:24:57Z", "ms": 1226852696781.8555 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-11-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-15T17:26:00+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-15T14:26:00Z", "ms": 1226759159846.9927 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-15T17:26:00+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-15T14:26:00Z", "ms": 1226759159846.9927 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-11-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-16T18:48:06+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-16T15:48:06Z", "ms": 1226850485868.5654 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-16T18:48:06+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-16T15:48:06Z", "ms": 1226850485868.5654 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:34 on Sat 15 Nov to 19:25 on Sun 16 Nov.", "fact": "2008-11-15T19:34:14Z → 2008-11-16T16:24:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 17:26 on the 15th and 18:48 on the 16th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 15th and is on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2211 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 16 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2008 falls on Sunday 16 November. Caturthī runs from 22:34 on Sat 15 Nov to 19:25 on Sun 16 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-11-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-11-23", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Utpannā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-11-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13783, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-11-22T12:09:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-22T09:09:22Z", "ms": 1227344961764.406 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-23T12:56:49+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-23T09:56:49Z", "ms": 1227434209200.3254 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-11-22T12:09:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-22T09:09:22Z", "ms": 1227344961764.406 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-23T12:56:49+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-23T09:56:49Z", "ms": 1227434209200.3254 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-11-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-22T08:19:38+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-22T05:19:38Z", "ms": 1227331178378.4946 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-22T08:19:38+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-22T05:19:38Z", "ms": 1227331178378.4946 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-23T08:21:33+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-23T05:21:33Z", "ms": 1227417692553.5093 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-23T08:21:33+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-23T05:21:33Z", "ms": 1227417692553.5093 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:09 on Sat 22 Nov to 12:57 on Sun 23 Nov.", "fact": "2008-11-22T09:09:22Z → 2008-11-23T09:56:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 08:20 on the 22nd and 08:22 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 22nd and is on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13783 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Utpannā Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Sunday 23 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Utpannā Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Sunday 23 November. Ekādaśī runs from 12:09 on Sat 22 Nov to 12:57 on Sun 23 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-11-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-11-24", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-11-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1270, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-11-24T14:10:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-24T11:10:18Z", "ms": 1227525018412.8335 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-25T15:46:16+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-25T12:46:16Z", "ms": 1227617175863.805 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-11-24T14:10:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-24T11:10:18Z", "ms": 1227525018412.8335 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-25T15:46:16+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-25T12:46:16Z", "ms": 1227617175863.805 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-24T16:08:40+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-24T13:08:40Z", "ms": 1227532119559.4456 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-24T18:18:52+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-24T15:18:52Z", "ms": 1227539932463.8823 } }, "covered_min": 130, "window_min": 130, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-11-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-25T16:07:26+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-25T13:07:26Z", "ms": 1227618445879.1235 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-25T18:18:03+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-25T15:18:03Z", "ms": 1227626283193.9868 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 131, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:10 on Mon 24 Nov to 15:46 on Tue 25 Nov.", "fact": "2008-11-24T11:10:18Z → 2008-11-25T12:46:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:09–18:19 on the 24th, 16:07–18:18 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 130 of 130 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 131 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1270 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Monday 24 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Monday 24 November. Trayodaśī runs from 14:10 on Mon 24 Nov to 15:46 on Tue 25 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-11-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-11-25", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-11-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22304, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-11-25T15:46:16+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-25T12:46:16Z", "ms": 1227617175863.805 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-26T17:41:50+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-26T14:41:50Z", "ms": 1227710510234.232 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-11-25T15:46:16+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-25T12:46:16Z", "ms": 1227617175863.805 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-26T17:41:50+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-26T14:41:50Z", "ms": 1227710510234.232 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-11-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-25T23:53:16+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-25T20:53:16Z", "ms": 1227646395809.8608 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-26T00:41:16+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-25T21:41:16Z", "ms": 1227649275809.8608 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-11-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-11-26T23:53:34+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-26T20:53:34Z", "ms": 1227732814376.646 }, "end": { "local": "2008-11-27T00:41:34+03:00", "utc": "2008-11-26T21:41:34Z", "ms": 1227735694376.646 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 15:46 on Tue 25 Nov to 17:42 on Wed 26 Nov.", "fact": "2008-11-25T12:46:16Z → 2008-11-26T14:41:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:53–00:41 on the 25th, 23:54–00:42 on the 26th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22304 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 25 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-11-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śivarātri 2008 falls on Tuesday 25 November. Caturdaśī runs from 15:46 on Tue 25 Nov to 17:42 on Wed 26 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-11-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-12-01", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-12-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20049, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-12-01T03:42:04+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-01T00:42:04Z", "ms": 1228092124366.9744 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-02T06:20:44+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-02T03:20:44Z", "ms": 1228188043705.7734 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-12-01T03:42:04+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-01T00:42:04Z", "ms": 1228092124366.9744 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-02T06:20:44+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-02T03:20:44Z", "ms": 1228188043705.7734 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-01T11:54:29+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-01T08:54:29Z", "ms": 1228121668678.1858 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-01T12:42:29+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-01T09:42:29Z", "ms": 1228124548678.1858 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-02T11:54:52+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-02T08:54:52Z", "ms": 1228208092282.8276 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-02T12:42:52+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-02T09:42:52Z", "ms": 1228210972282.8276 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:42 on Mon 1 Dec to 06:21 on Tue 2 Dec.", "fact": "2008-12-01T00:42:04Z → 2008-12-02T03:20:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:54–12:42 on the 1st, 11:55–12:43 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20049 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Monday 1 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vināyaka Caturthī 2008 falls on Monday 1 December. Caturthī runs from 03:42 on Mon 1 Dec to 06:21 on Tue 2 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-12-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "festival": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-12-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11423, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "2008-12-02T06:20:44+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-02T03:20:44Z", "ms": 1228188043705.7734 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-03T08:44:53+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-03T05:44:53Z", "ms": 1228283093098.4287 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-12-02T06:20:44+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-02T03:20:44Z", "ms": 1228188043705.7734 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-03T08:44:53+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-03T05:44:53Z", "ms": 1228283093098.4287 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-02T11:54:52+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-02T08:54:52Z", "ms": 1228208092282.8276 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-02T12:42:52+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-02T09:42:52Z", "ms": 1228210972282.8276 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-12-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-03T11:55:16+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-03T08:55:16Z", "ms": 1228294516491.926 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-03T12:43:16+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-03T09:43:16Z", "ms": 1228297396491.926 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 06:21 on Tue 2 Dec to 08:45 on Wed 3 Dec.", "fact": "2008-12-02T03:20:44Z → 2008-12-03T05:44:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:55–12:43 on the 2nd, 11:55–12:43 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11423 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa), Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 2 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (2nd) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa) 2008 falls on Tuesday 2 December. Pañcamī runs from 06:21 on Tue 2 Dec to 08:45 on Wed 3 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/champa-shashthi", "festival": "champa-shashthi", "name": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-12-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4382, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2008-12-03T08:44:53+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-03T05:44:53Z", "ms": 1228283093098.4287 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-04T10:42:39+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-04T07:42:39Z", "ms": 1228376559214.2463 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-12-03T08:44:53+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-03T05:44:53Z", "ms": 1228283093098.4287 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-04T10:42:39+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-04T07:42:39Z", "ms": 1228376559214.2463 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-12-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-03T11:55:16+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-03T08:55:16Z", "ms": 1228294516491.926 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-03T12:43:16+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-03T09:43:16Z", "ms": 1228297396491.926 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-12-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-04T11:55:41+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-04T08:55:41Z", "ms": 1228380941279.3833 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-04T12:43:41+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-04T09:43:41Z", "ms": 1228383821279.3833 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:45 on Wed 3 Dec to 10:43 on Thu 4 Dec.", "fact": "2008-12-03T05:44:53Z → 2008-12-04T07:42:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:55–12:43 on the 3rd, 11:56–12:44 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4382 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 3 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "champa-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Śatabhiṣaj nakṣatra, Vyatīpāta yoga and a Sunday; none is tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Campā Ṣaṣṭhī 2008 falls on Wednesday 3 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:45 on Wed 3 Dec to 10:43 on Thu 4 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/champa-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/skanda-shashthi", "festival": "skanda-shashthi", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-12-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4382, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "2008-12-03T08:44:53+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-03T05:44:53Z", "ms": 1228283093098.4287 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-04T10:42:39+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-04T07:42:39Z", "ms": 1228376559214.2463 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-12-03T08:44:53+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-03T05:44:53Z", "ms": 1228283093098.4287 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-04T10:42:39+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-04T07:42:39Z", "ms": 1228376559214.2463 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-12-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-03T11:55:16+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-03T08:55:16Z", "ms": 1228294516491.926 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-03T12:43:16+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-03T09:43:16Z", "ms": 1228297396491.926 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-12-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-04T11:55:41+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-04T08:55:41Z", "ms": 1228380941279.3833 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-04T12:43:41+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-04T09:43:41Z", "ms": 1228383821279.3833 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:45 on Wed 3 Dec to 10:43 on Thu 4 Dec.", "fact": "2008-12-03T05:44:53Z → 2008-12-04T07:42:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:55–12:43 on the 3rd, 11:56–12:44 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 4382 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 3 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī 2008 falls on Wednesday 3 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 08:45 on Wed 3 Dec to 10:43 on Thu 4 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/skanda-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/mitra-saptami", "festival": "mitra-saptami", "name": "Mitra Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-12-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 395, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "2008-12-04T10:42:39+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-04T07:42:39Z", "ms": 1228376559214.2463 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-05T12:02:41+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-05T09:02:41Z", "ms": 1228467761255.3638 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-12-04T10:42:39+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-04T07:42:39Z", "ms": 1228376559214.2463 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-05T12:02:41+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-05T09:02:41Z", "ms": 1228467761255.3638 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-12-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-04T11:55:41+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-04T08:55:41Z", "ms": 1228380941279.3833 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-04T12:43:41+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-04T09:43:41Z", "ms": 1228383821279.3833 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-12-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-05T11:56:07+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-05T08:56:07Z", "ms": 1228467366618.5679 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-05T12:44:07+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-05T09:44:07Z", "ms": 1228470246618.5679 } }, "covered_min": 7, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 10:43 on Thu 4 Dec to 12:03 on Fri 5 Dec.", "fact": "2008-12-04T07:42:39Z → 2008-12-05T09:02:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:56–12:44 on the 4th, 11:56–12:44 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 7 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 395 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mitra Saptamī, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 4 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mitra-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Mitra saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Mitra Saptamī 2008 falls on Thursday 4 December. Saptamī runs from 10:43 on Thu 4 Dec to 12:03 on Fri 5 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 7 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/mitra-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-12-09", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-12-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1136, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-12-08T11:06:33+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-08T08:06:33Z", "ms": 1228723593052.0596 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-09T09:06:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-09T06:06:18Z", "ms": 1228802777504.9248 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-12-08T11:06:33+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-08T08:06:33Z", "ms": 1228723593052.0596 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-09T09:06:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-09T06:06:18Z", "ms": 1228802777504.9248 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-12-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-08T08:46:05+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-08T05:46:05Z", "ms": 1228715164563.0886 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-08T08:46:05+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-08T05:46:05Z", "ms": 1228715164563.0886 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-09T08:47:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-09T05:47:22Z", "ms": 1228801641567.3965 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-09T08:47:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-09T05:47:22Z", "ms": 1228801641567.3965 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:07 on Mon 8 Dec to 09:06 on Tue 9 Dec.", "fact": "2008-12-08T08:06:33Z → 2008-12-09T06:06:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 08:46 on the 8th and 08:47 on the 9th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 8th and is on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1136 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 9 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Mokṣadā Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Tuesday 9 December. Ekādaśī runs from 11:07 on Mon 8 Dec to 09:06 on Tue 9 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-12-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/akhanda-dvadashi", "festival": "akhanda-dvadashi", "name": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-12-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10295, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-12-09T09:06:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-09T06:06:18Z", "ms": 1228802777504.9248 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-10T06:23:30+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-10T03:23:30Z", "ms": 1228879410305.7825 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-12-09T09:06:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-09T06:06:18Z", "ms": 1228802777504.9248 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-10T06:23:30+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-10T03:23:30Z", "ms": 1228879410305.7825 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-09T11:57:53+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-09T08:57:53Z", "ms": 1228813072950.2407 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-09T12:45:53+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-09T09:45:53Z", "ms": 1228815952950.2407 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-10T11:58:21+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-10T08:58:21Z", "ms": 1228899500641.7788 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-10T12:46:21+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-10T09:46:21Z", "ms": 1228902380641.7788 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 09:06 on Tue 9 Dec to 06:24 on Wed 10 Dec.", "fact": "2008-12-09T06:06:18Z → 2008-12-10T03:23:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:58–12:46 on the 9th, 11:58–12:46 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 10295 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Tuesday 9 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akhanda-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Matsya dvadasi, Akhanda dvadasi (paraviddha), Vyanjana dvadasi & Dana dvadasi (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī 2008 falls on Tuesday 9 December. Dvādaśī runs from 09:06 on Tue 9 Dec to 06:24 on Wed 10 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/akhanda-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-12-10", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-12-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32160, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-12-10T06:23:30+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-10T03:23:30Z", "ms": 1228879410305.7825 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-11T03:07:15+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-11T00:07:15Z", "ms": 1228954035165.8735 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-12-10T06:23:30+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-10T03:23:30Z", "ms": 1228879410305.7825 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-11T03:07:15+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-11T00:07:15Z", "ms": 1228954035165.8735 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-09T15:56:24+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-09T12:56:24Z", "ms": 1228827384333.085 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-09T18:11:22+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-09T15:11:22Z", "ms": 1228835481799.4783 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 135, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-10T15:56:06+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-10T12:56:06Z", "ms": 1228913765952.5237 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-10T18:11:15+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-10T15:11:15Z", "ms": 1228921875260.7566 } }, "covered_min": 135, "window_min": 135, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 06:24 on Wed 10 Dec to 03:07 on Thu 11 Dec.", "fact": "2008-12-10T03:23:30Z → 2008-12-11T00:07:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 15:56–18:11 on the 9th, 15:56–18:11 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 135 minutes on the 9th and 135 of 135 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32160 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 10 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Wednesday 10 December. Trayodaśī runs from 06:24 on Wed 10 Dec to 03:07 on Thu 11 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-12-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/dattatreyotpatti", "festival": "dattatreyotpatti", "name": "Dattātreyotpatti", "everyday": "Datta Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-12-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5158, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "2008-12-11T23:28:03+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-11T20:28:03Z", "ms": 1229027283298.1204 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-12T19:37:09+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-12T16:37:09Z", "ms": 1229099829071.6658 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-12-11T23:28:03+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-11T20:28:03Z", "ms": 1229027283298.1204 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-12T19:37:09+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-12T16:37:09Z", "ms": 1229099829071.6658 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-12-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-11T15:55:52+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-11T12:55:52Z", "ms": 1229000151683.803 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-11T18:11:12+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-11T15:11:12Z", "ms": 1229008271830.198 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 135, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-12-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-12T15:55:42+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-12T12:55:42Z", "ms": 1229086541561.2656 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-12T18:11:12+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-12T15:11:12Z", "ms": 1229094671526.6475 } }, "covered_min": 135, "window_min": 135, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 23:28 on Thu 11 Dec to 19:37 on Fri 12 Dec.", "fact": "2008-12-11T20:28:03Z → 2008-12-12T16:37:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 15:56–18:11 on the 11th, 15:56–18:11 on the 12th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 135 minutes on the 11th and 135 of 135 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5158 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dattātreyotpatti, Moscow, 2008: Friday 12 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dattatreyotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Dattatreyotpatti (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Dattātreyotpatti (Datta Jayanti) 2008 falls on Friday 12 December. Pūrṇimā runs from 23:28 on Thu 11 Dec to 19:37 on Fri 12 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/dattatreyotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-12-15", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-12-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37771, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-12-15T08:46:06+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-15T05:46:06Z", "ms": 1229319965638.8079 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-16T05:56:58+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-16T02:56:58Z", "ms": 1229396217613.0947 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-12-15T08:46:06+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-15T05:46:06Z", "ms": 1229319965638.8079 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-16T05:56:58+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-16T02:56:58Z", "ms": 1229396217613.0947 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-12-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-14T17:49:09+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-14T14:49:09Z", "ms": 1229266148787.724 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-14T17:49:09+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-14T14:49:09Z", "ms": 1229266148787.724 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-15T19:27:26+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-15T16:27:26Z", "ms": 1229358446138.803 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-15T19:27:26+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-15T16:27:26Z", "ms": 1229358446138.803 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:46 on Mon 15 Dec to 05:57 on Tue 16 Dec.", "fact": "2008-12-15T05:46:06Z → 2008-12-16T02:56:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 17:49 on the 14th and 19:27 on the 15th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 14th and is on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37771 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Monday 15 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 2008 falls on Monday 15 December. Caturthī runs from 08:46 on Mon 15 Dec to 05:57 on Tue 16 Dec and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/sankashta-chaturthi?on=2008-12-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-12-22", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-12-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12631, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-12-22T03:39:12+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-22T00:39:12Z", "ms": 1229906352202.863 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-23T05:28:32+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-23T02:28:32Z", "ms": 1229999312146.4556 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-12-22T03:39:12+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-22T00:39:12Z", "ms": 1229906352202.863 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-23T05:28:32+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-23T02:28:32Z", "ms": 1229999312146.4556 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-12-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-22T08:58:39+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-22T05:58:39Z", "ms": 1229925518597.3726 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-22T08:58:39+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-22T05:58:39Z", "ms": 1229925518597.3726 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-12-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-23T08:59:03+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-23T05:59:03Z", "ms": 1230011943392.8684 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-23T08:59:03+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-23T05:59:03Z", "ms": 1230011943392.8684 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 03:39 on Mon 22 Dec to 05:29 on Tue 23 Dec.", "fact": "2008-12-22T00:39:12Z → 2008-12-23T02:28:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 08:59 on the 22nd and 08:59 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 22nd and is not on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12631 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Moscow, 2008: Monday 22 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Saphalā Ekādaśī 2008 falls on Monday 22 December. Ekādaśī runs from 03:39 on Mon 22 Dec to 05:29 on Tue 23 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/ekadashi?on=2008-12-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-12-24", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-12-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21183, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-12-24T07:40:02+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-24T04:40:02Z", "ms": 1230093602461.068 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-25T10:06:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-25T07:06:51Z", "ms": 1230188810686.445 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-12-24T07:40:02+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-24T04:40:02Z", "ms": 1230093602461.068 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-25T10:06:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-25T07:06:51Z", "ms": 1230188810686.445 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-12-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-24T15:59:09+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-24T12:59:09Z", "ms": 1230123549417.3955 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-24T18:15:14+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-24T15:15:14Z", "ms": 1230131713569.3257 } }, "covered_min": 136, "window_min": 136, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "2008-12-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-25T15:59:54+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-25T12:59:54Z", "ms": 1230209993867.5762 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-25T18:15:54+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-25T15:15:54Z", "ms": 1230218153736.6077 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 136, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 07:40 on Wed 24 Dec to 10:07 on Thu 25 Dec.", "fact": "2008-12-24T04:40:02Z → 2008-12-25T07:06:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 15:59–18:15 on the 24th, 16:00–18:16 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 136 of 136 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 136 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21183 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 24 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 2008 falls on Wednesday 24 December. Trayodaśī runs from 07:40 on Wed 24 Dec to 10:07 on Thu 25 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/pradosha-vrata?on=2008-12-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-12-25", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-12-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33206, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "2008-12-25T10:06:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-25T07:06:51Z", "ms": 1230188810686.445 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-26T12:42:48+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-26T09:42:48Z", "ms": 1230284568134.3574 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-12-25T10:06:51+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-25T07:06:51Z", "ms": 1230188810686.445 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-26T12:42:48+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-26T09:42:48Z", "ms": 1230284568134.3574 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-12-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-25T00:05:25+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-24T21:05:25Z", "ms": 1230152724987.1335 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-25T00:53:25+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-24T21:53:25Z", "ms": 1230155604987.1335 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-12-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-26T00:05:53+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-25T21:05:53Z", "ms": 1230239153376.4448 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-26T00:53:53+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-25T21:53:53Z", "ms": 1230242033376.4448 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 10:07 on Thu 25 Dec to 12:43 on Fri 26 Dec.", "fact": "2008-12-25T07:06:51Z → 2008-12-26T09:42:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:05–00:53 on the 24th, 00:06–00:54 on the 25th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 48 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33206 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Moscow, 2008: Thursday 25 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Śivarātri 2008 falls on Thursday 25 December. Caturdaśī runs from 10:07 on Thu 25 Dec to 12:43 on Fri 26 Dec and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/shivaratri?on=2008-12-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-12-31", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "524901", "year": 2008, "local_date": "2008-12-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35461, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "2008-12-30T22:47:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-30T19:47:18Z", "ms": 1230666438196.3018 }, "end": { "local": "2009-01-01T00:42:40+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-31T21:42:40Z", "ms": 1230759759890.495 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "2008-12-30T22:47:18+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-30T19:47:18Z", "ms": 1230666438196.3018 }, "end": { "local": "2009-01-01T00:42:40+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-31T21:42:40Z", "ms": 1230759759890.495 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "2008-12-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-30T12:08:17+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-30T09:08:17Z", "ms": 1230628097463.5103 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-30T12:56:17+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-30T09:56:17Z", "ms": 1230630977463.5103 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "2008-12-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "2008-12-31T12:08:47+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-31T09:08:47Z", "ms": 1230714526826.7388 }, "end": { "local": "2008-12-31T12:56:47+03:00", "utc": "2008-12-31T09:56:47Z", "ms": 1230717406826.7388 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:47 on Tue 30 Dec to 00:43 on Thu 1 Jan.", "fact": "2008-12-30T19:47:18Z → 2008-12-31T21:42:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 30th, 12:09–12:57 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35461 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Moscow, 2008: Wednesday 31 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "2008-12-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Moscow, Vināyaka Caturthī 2008 falls on Wednesday 31 December. Caturthī runs from 22:47 on Tue 30 Dec to 00:43 on Thu 1 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/moscow/festivals/2008/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=2008-12-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } } ], "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }